Publications

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characteristics and fertility of sumatran tiger spermatozoa cryopreserved with different sugars.cryopreservation of semen is one of the most important methods for the preservation of endangered tigers.201727925009
metal concentration in the tourist beaches of south durban: an industrial hub of south africa.south durban basin of south africa has witnessed tremendous urban, industrial expansion and mass tourism impacts exerting significant pressure over marine environments. 43 sediment samples from 7 different beaches (bluff beach; ansteys beach; brighton beach; cutting beach; isipingo beach; tiger rocks beach; amanzimtoti beach) were analyzed for acid leachable metals (alms) fe, mg, mn, cr, cu, mo, ni, co, pb, cd, zn and hg. the metal concentrations found in all the beaches were higher than the bac ...201728237076
a tiger beetle's pursuit of prey depends on distance.tiger beetles pursue prey by adjusting their heading according to a time-delayed proportional control law that minimizes the error angle (haselsteiner et al 2014 j. r. soc. interface 11 20140216). this control law can be further interpreted in terms of mechanical actuation: to catch prey, tiger beetles exert a sideways force by biasing their tripod gait in proportion to the error angle measured half a stride earlier. the proportional gain was found to be nearly optimal in the sense that it minim ...201728233759
tiger beetles' (coleoptera: carabidae, cicindelinae) pupal stage: current state of knowledge and future perspectives.the tiger beetles (carabidae: cicindelinae) include about 2,822 species and 120 genera around the world. they are one of the most widely studied families of coleoptera. however, the knowledge about their immature stages is incipient and usually restricted to the larval stages. pupal characteristics have been among the most ignored aspects of tiger beetle biology. here we compile and update the current knowledge of tiger beetle pupae.201728187620
new insights into the spermatogenesis of the black tiger prawn, penaeus monodon.this study reports a comprehensive description of penaeid spermatogenesis (penaeus monodon) by light and transmission electron microscopy. a conspicuous characteristic of spermatocytogenesis was a ring-like structure with high electron-density adjacent to the nucleus of a primary spermatocyte. during the spermiogenesis from stage i (sti) to stage vi spermatid (stvi), the formation of the acrosome and decondensation of the nucleus were the most notable morphological transformations. stis were sma ...201728164360
identification of mutant genes and introgressed tiger salamander dna in the laboratory axolotl, ambystoma mexicanum.the molecular genetic toolkit of the mexican axolotl, a classic model organism, has matured to the point where it is now possible to identify genes for mutant phenotypes. we used a positional cloning-candidate gene approach to identify molecular bases for two historic axolotl pigment phenotypes: white and albino. white (d/d) mutants have defects in pigment cell morphogenesis and differentiation, whereas albino (a/a) mutants lack melanin. we identified in white mutants a transcriptional defect in ...201728127056
clinical and genetic features of pkan patients in a tertiary centre in turkey.pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (pkan) is caused by mutations of the pantothenate kinase 2 (pank2) gene. the major clinical sign of pkan is dystonia and the eye-of-the-tiger pattern on the mri has been a clue for the diagnosis. we aim to discuss clinical and genetic findings of 22 pkan patients from 13 families.201728113101
international evolution of tiger informatics competencies.the tiger initiative aims to explain how to equip practicing nurses with informatics competencies. this chapter describes a collaborative effort to identify global informatics requirements in relation to core competencies and to match them with national and regional needs. recommendations from the tiger informatics competency synthesis project, described here, have implications for an international framework of informatics competencies for all types of health care professionals including nurses.201728106584
strategies to deliver safe, technology-enhanced care in pediatric settings. 201726920636
does the age and familiarity of the informant group influence the tendency of 3- and 4-year-old children to conform?the authors' aim was to explore whether the age and the familiarity of the individuals comprising a group majority influenced the tendency of 3- and 4-year-old children to conform. participants were presented with 2 variants of a novel task in which they were required to judge which of 3 line-drawn tigers had the greatest number of stripes. the participants made their judgments in 2 contexts, first after viewing 5 informants perform the task incorrectly, and second without viewing the responses ...201727341477
identification of novel compound mutations in pla2g6-associated neurodegeneration patient with characteristic mri imaging.neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized clinically by progressive motor dysfunction. accurate identification of de novo and rare inherited mutations is important for determining causative genes of undiagnosed neurological diseases. in the present study, we report a unique case with cerebellar ataxia symptoms and social communication difficulties in an intermarriage family. mri showed a marked cerebellar atrophy and the "eye-of-the ...201727395053
tiger hide appearance: impaction and prolapse of brain parenchyma through burr holes after evacuation of bilateral chronic subdural hematoma: a rare case report.burr hole evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma (sdh) with or without drainage system is the most common surgical method among various techniques. there are various complications of burr hole drainage evacuation of chronic sdh, but there is no case report regarding impaction and prolapse of brain parenchyma through burr hole as a complication. herewith, we are reporting a case of bilateral chronic sdh with prolapse of brain parenchyma through burr holes. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of bra ...201727366284
acoustic analysis before and after voice therapy for laryngeal pathology.background voice problems caused by pathologies in vocal folds are well known. some types of laryngeal pathologies have certain acoustic characteristics. objective evaluation helps characterize the voice and voice problems providing supporting evidences, severity of disorders. it helps assess the response to the treatment and measures the outcomes. objective the objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the voice therapy and quantify the results objectively by voice parameters. ...201727423282
characterization of molecular properties and regulatory pathways of crustinpm1 and crustinpm7 from the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon.crustinpm1 and crustinpm7 are the two most abundant isoforms of crustins identified from the hemocytes of the black tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. crustinpm1 inhibits only gram-positive bacteria, while crustinpm7 acts against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. this work aims to characterize the molecular properties of recombinant crustinpm1 and crustinpm7, and the regulatory pathways of these two crustins. circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that crustinpm1 contained 40.81% alph ...201727815179
consequences of 'tiger' parenting: a cross-cultural study of maternal psychological control and children's cortisol stress response.parenting strategies involving psychological control are associated with increased adjustment problems in children. however, no research has examined the extent to which culture and psychological control predict children's stress physiology. we examine cultural differences in maternal psychological control and its associations with children's cortisol. chinese (n = 59) and american (n = 45) mother-child dyads participated in the study. mothers reported on psychological control. children's cortis ...201727146549
inter- and intra-specific genetic divergence of asian tiger frogs (genus hoplobatrachus), with special reference to the population structure of h. tigerinus in bangladesh.the five frog species of the genus hoplobatrachus are widely distributed in asia and africa, with asia being considered the genus' origin. however, the evolutionary relationships of asian hoplobatrachus species remain ambiguous. additionally, genetic diversity and fundamental differentiation processes within species have not been studied. we conducted molecular phylogenetic analysis on asian hoplobatrachus frogs and population genetic analysis on h. tigerinus in bangladesh using the mitochondria ...201727452042
ultrasonographic evaluation of the renal dimensions in captive tigers.ultrasonographic measurements of kidney size are useful in the practical diagnosis of kidney diseases in animals. in tigers, there is a lack of information regarding the ultrasonography methods used to measure the kidney size of the tiger. thirty-three healthy captive tigers (panthera tigris) were placed in lateral recumbency for ultrasonography. the measurements obtained from the ultrasonography were computed, and the results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between ...201727593681
changes in species richness and composition of tiger moths (lepidoptera: erebidae: arctiinae) among three neotropical ecoregions.paraná, yungas and chaco serrano ecoregions are among the most species-rich terrestrial habitats at higher latitude. however, the information for tiger moths, one of the most speciose groups of moths, is unknown in these ecoregions. in this study, we assess their species richness and composition in all three of these ecoregions. also we investigated whether the species composition of tiger moths is influenced by climatic factors and altitude. tiger moth species were obtained with samples from 71 ...201727681478
abnormal origin of right coronary artery and use of tiger catheter through femoral route.abnormal origin of right coronary artery (rca) is not uncommon. the incidence is .25-.92%. right judkin catheter is used universally for engaging right coronary ostium from femoral route. we have tried tiger catheter from femoral route in abnormal origin of rca patients. we were successful in cannulating rca ostium in most of the cases.201726896276
stigma of tiger attack: study of tiger-widows from sundarban delta, india.human-tiger conflict (htc) is a serious public health issue in sundarban reserve forest, india. htc is a continued concern for significant mortality and morbidity of both human and tiger population. this study examined 49 widows, whose husbands were killed by tigers, in order to explore the cultural stigma related with tiger-killing and consequent discrimination and social rejection. different psychosocial aspects of community stigma associated with tiger-killings is discussed in the context of ...201726985099
genetic ancestry of the extinct javan and bali tigers.the bali (panthera tigris balica) and javan (p. t. sondaica) tigers are recognized as distinct tiger subspecies that went extinct in the 1940s and 1980s, respectively. yet their genetic ancestry and taxonomic status remain controversial. following ancient dna procedures, we generated concatenated 1750bp mtdna sequences from 23 museum samples including 11 voucher specimens from java and bali and compared these to diagnostic mtdna sequences from 122 specimens of living tiger subspecies and the ext ...201725754539
functional nonredundancy of elephants in a disturbed tropical forest.conservation efforts are often motivated by the threat of global extinction. yet if conservationists had more information suggesting that the local extirpation of individual species could lead to undesirable ecological effects, conservationists might more frequently attempt to protect or restore such species across their range even if they are not in danger of global extinction. scientists have seldom measured or quantitatively predicted the functional consequences of species loss, even for larg ...201728218805
wild versus domestic prey in the diet of reintroduced tigers (panthera tigris) in the livestock-dominated multiple-use forests of panna tiger reserve, india.grazing livestock in openly accessible areas is a common practice in the multiple-use forests of india; however, its compatibility with the reintroduction of tigers to these areas requires examination. here, we investigated the diet of tigers in a livestock-dominated multiple-use buffer zone of the panna tiger reserve, india. we hypothesised that the presence of feral cattle, along with open-access grazing practices in multiple-use forests, would increase the incidence of predation on livestock ...201728379997
shark teeth as edged weapons: serrated teeth of three species of selachians.prior to european contact, south pacific islanders used serrated shark teeth as components of tools and weapons. they did this because serrated shark teeth are remarkably effective at slicing through soft tissues. to understand more about the forms and functions of serrated shark teeth, we examined the morphology and histology of tooth serrations in three species: the tiger shark (galeocerdo cuvier), blue shark (prionace glauca), and white shark (carcharodon carcharias). we show that there are t ...201727353190
effect of tiger-nut (cyperus esculentus) milk co-product on the surface and diffusional properties of a wheat-based matrix.the food processing industry generates huge volumes of waste and co-products which still contain valuable compounds. tiger-nut milk production generates large amounts of a co-product with a high insoluble fibre content, which is interesting as a bioactive component from a nutritional viewpoint. this co-product is formed by two different tissues in composition, particle size and colour terms, so two different flours were obtained from them. both flours were included in a wheat-based matrix at dif ...201728159295
spatio-temporal interactions facilitate large carnivore sympatry across a resource gradient.species within a guild vary their use of time, space and resources, thereby enabling sympatry. as intra-guild competition intensifies, such behavioural adaptations may become prominent. we assessed mechanisms of facilitating sympatry among dhole (cuon alpinus), leopard (panthera pardus) and tiger (panthera tigris) in tropical forests of india using camera-trap surveys. we examined population-level temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal segregation among them across four reserves representing a gr ...201728179511
talking to the dead: using post-mortem data in the assessment of stress in tiger sharks (galeocerdo cuvier) (péron and lesueur, 1822).sharks are very sensitive to stress and prone to a high mortality rate after capture. since approximately 50 million of sharks are caught as bycatch every year, and current recommendations to reduce the impact of commercial fishing strongly support immediate release, it is imperative to better understand post-release mortality caused by the stress of capture and handling. blood samples allow the assessment of stress levels which are valuable tools to reduce mortality in commercial, recreational ...201727549099
cataracts and strabismus associated with hand rearing using artificial milk formulas in bengal tiger (panthera tigris spp tigris) cubs.the aim of this investigation is to describe the potential contributing nutritional factors involved in the development of ophthalmic and dermatologic changes in four bengal tiger (panthera tigris spp tigris) cubs fed an artificial milk formula. the affected animals were compared with two other tiger cubs that had been nursed by their dam naturally. after the first clinical signs appeared, the tiger cubs underwent ophthalmic evaluation. severe symmetric generalized alopecia over the trunk, spari ...201728210544
elemental classification of the tusks of dugong (dugong dugong) by hh-xrf analysis and comparison with other species.the elemental composition was investigated and applied for identifying the sex and habitat of dugongs, in addition to distinguishing dugong tusks and teeth from other animal wildlife materials such as asian elephant (elephas maximus) tusks and tiger (panthera tigris tigris) canine teeth. a total of 43 dugong tusks, 60 dugong teeth, 40 dolphin teeth, 1 whale tooth, 40 asian elephant tusks and 20 tiger canine teeth were included in the study. elemental analyses were conducted using a handheld x-ra ...201728387333
a new species of the genus <i>bertholdia</i> schaus, 1896 (lepidoptera: erebidae: arctiinae) from the neotropical region: <i>bertholdia</i> <i>zoenia</i> sp. n.a new species of bertholdia schaus is described: bertholdia zoenia sp. n., based on males and females from argentina and paraguay. this new species is closer to bertholdia myosticta hampson, 1901 from costa rica, irazú. bertholdia zoenia sp. n. can be recognized externally because its hyaline spot on forewing is the widest among all species of genus. also, the shape of this hyaline spot is like a right triangle with smooth outer margin, different from other species of genus, which have an irregu ...201728264269
krasilnikoviella muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family promicromonosporaceae, isolated from the takamatsuzuka tumulus stone chamber interior and reclassification of promicromonospora flava as krasilnikoviella flava comb. nov.a gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic actinomycete, designated strain t6220-5-2bt, was isolated from a sample taken from a mouldy spot on the surface of a mural painting (the white tiger, byakko) inside the stone chamber of takamatsuzuka tumulus in asuka village, nara prefecture, japan. based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis of the isolate, it was closely related to the genus promicromonospora, but formed of a novel lineage within the family promicromonosporaceae. the closest related ...201727902237
a probiotic bacillus strain containing amorphous poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (phb) stimulates the innate immune response of penaeus monodon postlarvae.in this study, the phb-accumulating bacillus sp. jl47 strain (capable of accumulating 55% phb on cell dry weight) was investigated for its effects on the immune response of giant tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) postlarvae (pl) before and after the vibrio campbellii challenge. briefly, shrimp pl were cultured and fed with artemia nauplii enriched with bacillus sp. jl47. shrimp receiving the artemia nauplii without jl47 enrichment were used as control. after 15 days of feeding, the shrimp were chal ...201728709724
molecular characterization of viral responsive protein 15 and its possible role in nuclear export of virus in black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon.a viral responsive protein 15 from penaeus monodon (pmvrp15) has been reported to be important for white spot syndrome virus (wssv) infection in vivo. this work aims to characterize pmvrp15 and investigate its possible role in nuclear import/export of the virus. circular dichroism spectra showed that pmvrp15 contains high helical contents (82%). analytical ultracentrifugation suggested that pmvrp15 could possibly form oligomers in solution. a subcellular fractionation study showed that pmvrp15 w ...201728747797
current status of viral diseases in indian shrimp aquaculture.the intensification of aquaculture has been unique in showing the overwhelming changes in global food production in the last 100 years. presently, it is playing a vital role in the economies of several countries. conversely, it is also to be noted that the progression of aquaculture has been the foundation of anthropogenic alteration of a gigantic hierarchy and hence not astonishingly, it resulted in spread and emergence of an increasing group of new unknown diseases. in india, penaeus monodon, ...201728523918
the innate immunity of guinea pigs against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection.h5n1 avian influenza viruses are a major pandemic concern. in contrast to the highly virulent phenotype of h5n1 in humans and many animal models, guinea pigs do not typically display signs of severe disease in response to h5n1 virus infection. here, proteomic and transcriptional profiling were applied to identify host factors that account for the observed attenuation of a/tiger/harbin/01/2002 (h5n1) virulence in guinea pigs. rig-i and numerous interferon stimulated genes were among host proteins ...201728418930
variable rna expression from recently acquired, endogenous viral elements (eve) of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) in shrimp.the viral accommodation hypothesis proposes that endogenous viral elements (eve) from both rna and dna viruses are being continually integrated into the shrimp genome by natural host processes and that they can result in tolerance to viral infection by fortuitous production of antisense, immunospecific rna (imrna). thus, we hypothesized that previously reported microarray results for the presence of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) open reading frames (orfs) formerly called 151, 366 and 427 in a ...201728709908
inductive generalization relies on category representations.the ability to take information learned about one object (e.g., a cat) and extend it to other objects (e.g., a tiger, a lion) makes human learning efficient and powerful. how are these inductive generalizations performed? fisher, godwin, and matlen (2015) proposed a developmental mechanism that operates exclusively over the perceptual and semantic features of the objects involved (e.g., furry, carnivorous); this proposed mechanism does not use information concerning these objects' category membe ...201726743059
bioaugmentation of the anaerobic digestion of food waste by dungs of herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore zoo animals.the potential improvement of biomethanation of food waste (fw) by adding dung of herbivore (giraffe, llama, koala), carnivore (tiger), and omnivore (sloth bear) animals to anaerobic sludge (ans) was investigated. adding 30% giraffe, sloth bear or koala dung to the ans inoculum yielded, respectively, a 11.17 (±4.51), 10.10 (±1.23), and 1.41 (±0.56)% higher biomethane production, as compared to the control (fw with solely ans). the highest biomethane production of 564.00 (±3.88) ml ch4/gvsadded ob ...201728274187
modeling the combined effect of pressure and mild heat on the inactivation kinetics of escherichia coli, listeria innocua, and staphylococcus aureus in black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon).the high-pressure inactivation of escherichia coli, listeria innocua, and staphylococcus aureus was studied in black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). the processing parameters examined included pressure (300 to 600 mpa) and temperature (30 to 50°c). in addition, the pressure-hold period (0 to 15 min) was investigated, thus allowing both single-pulse pressure effects (i.e., zero holding time) and pressure-hold effects to be explored. e. coli was found to be the most sensitive strain to single-puls ...201728790979
the cost of arbovirus disease prevention in europe: area-wide integrated control of tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, in emilia-romagna, northern italy.aedes albopictus (tiger mosquito) has become the most invasive mosquito species worldwide, in addition to being a well-known vector of diseases, with a proven capacity for the transmission of chikungunya and dengue viruses in europe as well as the zika virus in africa and in laboratory settings. this research quantifies the cost that needs to be provided by public-health systems for area-wide prevention of arboviruses in europe. this cost has been calculated by evaluating the expenditure of the ...201728425959
northern range expansion of the asian tiger mosquito (aedes albopictus): analysis of mosquito data from connecticut, usa.the asian tiger mosquito (aedes albopictus) is an invasive species and important arbovirus vector that was introduced into the u.s. in the 1980's where it continues to expand its range. winter temperature is an important constraint to its northward expansion, with potential range limits located between the 0° and -5°c mean cold month isotherm. connecticut is located within this climatic zone and therefore, ae. albopictus was monitored statewide to assess its northern range expansion and to delin ...201728545111
analysis of zp1 gene reveals differences in zona pellucida composition in carnivores.the zona pellucida (zp) is an extracellular envelope that surrounds mammalian oocytes. this coat participates in the interaction between gametes, induction of the acrosome reaction, block of polyspermy and protection of the oviductal embryo. previous studies suggested that carnivore zp was formed by three glycoproteins (zp2, zp3 and zp4), with zp1 being a pseudogene. however, a recent study in the cat found that all four proteins were expressed. in the present study, in silico and molecular anal ...201728679462
high-throughput sequencing of transposable element insertions suggests adaptive evolution of the invasive asian tiger mosquito towards temperate environments.invasive species represent unique opportunities to evaluate the role of local adaptation during colonization of new environments. among these species, the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is a threatening vector of several human viral diseases, including dengue and chikungunya, and raises concerns about the zika fever. its broad presence in both temperate and tropical environments has been considered the reflection of great "ecological plasticity." however, no study has been conducted to ...201728517033
a decade of colonization: the spread of the asian tiger mosquito in pennsylvania and implications for disease risk.in recent decades, the asian tiger mosquito expanded its geographic range throughout the northeastern united states, including pennsylvania. the establishment of aedes albopictus in novel areas raises significant public health concerns, since this species is a highly competent vector of several arboviruses, including chikungunya, west nile, and dengue. in this study, we used geographic information systems (gis) to examine a decade of colonization by ae. albopictus throughout pennsylvania between ...201728504449
evaluation of pyriproxyfen dissemination via aedes albopictus from a point-source larvicide application in northeast florida.the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus , ranks among the most important vectors of dengue fever, zika virus, and chikungunya virus. with no specific medications or vaccines available, vector control is the only way to combat these diseases. autodissemination of the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen (nyguard®) from a point-source treatment was evaluated in field settings in northeast florida. the objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of pyriproxyfen dissemination from ...201728590221
infections of wolbachia may destabilize mosquito population dynamics.recent efforts in controlling mosquito-borne diseases focus on biocontrol strategies that incapacitate pathogens inside mosquitoes by altering the mosquito's microbiome. a case in point is the introduction of wolbachia into natural mosquito populations in order to eliminate dengue virus. however, whether this strategy can successfully control vector-borne diseases is debated; particularly, how artificial infection affects population dynamics of hosts remains unclear. here, we show that natural w ...201728579427
osteoarthritis in two marine mammals and 22 land mammals: learning from skeletal remains.the occurrence of osteoarthritis (oa) in marine mammals is still questionable. here we investigated the prevalence of oa in marine (dolphin and dugong) and terrestrial mammals (asian elephant, asiatic buffalo, camel, cat, cattle, deer, dog, domestic goat, horse, human, hyena, impala, lion, malayan tapir, assam macaque, mule, pig, rabbit, red kangaroo, sheep, tiger and waterbuck). skeletal remains obtained from five institutes were used as subjects; a total of 45 different parts (locations) of bo ...201728542897
characterization of pmspӓtzle 1 from the black tiger shrimp peneaus monodon.spätzle is a signaling ligand in innate immune response that signals pathogenic infection via toll receptor and toll pathway into the cells for the synthesis of antimicrobial proteins. herein, three pmspӓtzle isoforms were identified in penaeus monodon, namely pmspz1, 2 and 3. the pmspz1 was chosen for detailed study. the pmspz1 gene was expressed in all nine tissues tested including the hemocytes, stomach, hepatopancreas, gill, lymphoid tissue, eyestalk, muscle, intestine and heart. its express ...201728400214
the ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv) rnase iii gene can modulate host pkr activation and interferon production.the iridovirus rnase iii gene is one of 26 conserved core genes among the family iridoviridae. initial studies suggest this viral protein functions to suppress rna interference pathways that may attack viral rna during infection. therefore, to determine if the ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv) rnase iii-like gene (orf 25r) can modulate the host innate immune response fish and human cells ectopically expressing 25r were treated with polyi:c and monitored for interferon synthesis and phosphorylation ...201728844332
antibody detection, isolation, genotyping, and virulence of toxoplasma gondii in captive felids from china.the felids are the only definitive hosts of toxoplasma gondii, which could excrete oocysts into the environment and provide an infection source for toxoplasmosis in various warm-blooded animal species, particularly the captive felids that live close to human communities. the infection rate of the captive felids is a perfect standard in detecting the presence of toxoplasma gondii oocysts in the environment. in this study, sera or tissue samples from zoo (1 young tiger, 2 adult tigers, 6 young lio ...201728791002
draft genome sequence of the luminescent strain vibrio campbellii lb102, isolated from a black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) broodstock rearing system.we report here the genome sequence of vibrio campbellii lb102, isolated from the broodstock rearing system of a shrimp hatchery in india. sequence analysis revealed the presence of effector toxins of the type iii (yopt, sharing 39% identity with yersinia pestis) and type vi (vgrg-3 and hemolysin coregulated protein of v. cholerae) secretion systems.201728522707
user-friendly taqman probe coupled-insulated isothermal pcr (iipcr) for rapid detection of emerging ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv) in western tiger salamanders (ambystoma mavortium) on a compact, portable instrument.portable user-friendly diagnostic tests can benefit detection and surveillance of wildlife diseases. here, the performance of a compact pockit™ nucleic acid analyzer for detection of ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv), an emerging iridovirus that is associated with high host mortality in the western tiger salamander (ambystoma mavortium) in north america was assessed. tissue samples from 188 larval tiger salamanders collected from sites in alberta, canada were tested by both iipcr and by conventiona ...201728826930
larvicidal and nematicidal activities of 3-acylbarbituric acid analogues against asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, and pine wood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus.widespread concern for the occurrence of resistant strains, along with the avoidance of the use of highly toxic insecticides and their wide environmental dispersal, highlights the need for the development of new and safer pest control agents. natural products provide inspiration for new chemical entities with biological activities, and their analogues are good lead compounds for the development of new pest control agents. for this purpose, we evaluated the larvicidal and nematicidal activities o ...201728714917
bias, confounding, and interaction: lions and tigers, and bears, oh my!epidemiologists seek to make a valid inference about the causal effect between an exposure and a disease in a specific population, using representative sample data from a specific population. clinical researchers likewise seek to make a valid inference about the association between an intervention and outcome(s) in a specific population, based upon their randomly collected, representative sample data. both do so by using the available data about the sample variable to make a valid estimate about ...201728817531
heterologous expression of cytotoxic sesquiterpenoids from the medicinal mushroom lignosus rhinocerotis in yeast.genome mining facilitated by heterologous systems is an emerging approach to access the chemical diversity encoded in basidiomycete genomes. in this study, three sesquiterpene synthase genes, gme3634, gme3638, and gme9210, which were highly expressed in the sclerotium of the medicinal mushroom lignosus rhinocerotis, were cloned and heterologously expressed in a yeast system.201728606152
lions, tigers, and bears, oh sh!t: semantics versus tabooness in speech production.while both semantic and highly emotional (i.e., taboo) words can interfere with speech production, different theoretical mechanisms have been proposed to explain why interference occurs. two experiments investigated these theoretical approaches by comparing the magnitude of these two types of interference and the stages at which they occur during picture naming. participants named target pictures superimposed with semantic, taboo, or unrelated distractor words that were presented at three differ ...201727271052
investigation of enrofloxacin-associated retinal toxicity in nondomestic felids.enrofloxacin is known to cause retinal toxicity in domestic cats. the hallmark lesion of enrofloxacin-associated retinal toxicity in domestic cats is thinning of the outer nuclear layer of the retina. enrofloxacin is commonly used to treat bacterial infections in nondomestic felids because of its action against a wide spectrum of bacteria and the ability for it to be given orally. no previous studies have investigated the potential retinal toxicity of enrofloxacin in nondomestic felids. this ret ...201728749304
compound mechanism of fatal neck injury: a case report of a tiger attack in a zoo.fatal injuries caused by attacks by large wild cats are extremely rare in forensic medical practice in europe. there are very few cases described in the forensic medical literature concerning incidents in zoos similar to the tiger attack on a 58-year-old male zoo employee that we present here. while preparing a runway for tigers, the man was attacked by a male sumatran tiger. another zoo employee was an eyewitness to the accident; in his testimony he described the sequence of events in detail. t ...201728579157
isolation and phylogenetic analysis of three feline calicivirus strains from domestic cats in jilin province, china.feline calicivirus (fcv) is a highly prevalent pathogen that can cause infectious felid upper respiratory tract disease. the majority of complete genome sequences of fcv strains reported to date are from the usa. in this study, three fcv strains, ch-jl1, ch-jl2 and ch-jl3, were isolated from domestic cats in jilin province, china. sequence analysis revealed that except for strains hrb-ss, wz-1, xh, 12q087-1 and 12q087-5, the 3' untranslated regions (utrs) of ch-jl2 and ch-jl3 are more than 20 nu ...201728478577
suppression of pmrab11 inhibits yhv infection in penaeus monodon.yellow head virus (yhv) is one of the most serious pathogens that causes worldwide shrimp production loss. it enters the cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and utilizes small gtpase rab proteins such as pmrab5 and pmrab7 for intracellular trafficking. in this study, molecular cloning and functional analysis of rab11 during yhv infection were investigated. pmrab11 cdna was cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends (races). it contained two forms of sizes 1200 and 1050 bp distinct at the 5' ...201728527895
outbreak and genotyping of canine distemper virus in captive siberian tigers and red pandas.in this study, four canine distemper virus (cdv) strains were isolated from captive siberian tigers (panthera tigris altaica) and red pandas (ailurus fulgens) during two separate cdv outbreaks in a zoo in guangdong province, china. sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses based on the full-length hemagglutinin (h) and fusion (f) genes showed that they were closely identical to genotype asia-1. prior to confirmation of cdv in siberian tigers, to control spread of the disease, a live attenuate ...201728811626
molecular cloning and functional characterization of eleven subtypes of interferon-α in amur tigers (panthera tigris altaica).interferon has a broad-spectrum of antiviral effects and represents an ideal choice for the development of antiviral drugs. nonetheless, information about alpha interferon (ifn-α) is vacant in amur tiger (panthera tigris altaica), an endangered species and indigenous to northeast asia. herein, 11 ptifn-αs genes, which encoded proteins of 164-165 amino acids, were amplified. afterwards, expression and purification were conducted in escherichia coli. in physicochemical analysis, ptifn-αs were show ...201728751224
gene characteristics, immune and stress responses of pmprx1 in black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon): insights from exposure to pathogenic bacteria and toxic environmental stressors.peroxiredoxins (prxs) are ubiquitous, multifunctional and evolutionarily conserved enzymes that can protect cells from oxidative damage caused by ros and play a vital role in immune responses. here, a full-length prx1 cdna sequence (pmprx1) was isolated from penaeus monodon. the pmprx1 cdna was 951 base pairs (bp), encoding 198 amino acid polypeptides. the results of qrt-pcr showed that the pmprx1 mrna was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues tested and had a comparatively high expression level ...201728689775
prevalence, diversity and co-occurrence of the white spot syndrome virus, monodon baculovirus and penaeus stylirostris densovirus in wild populations of penaeus monodon in the philippines.the farming of the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon in the philippines relies on wild broodstock. pcr was thus used to determine the prevalence of white spot syndrome virus (wssv), monodon baculovirus (mbv) and penaeus stylirostris densovirus (pstdv) in a total of 178 shrimp from 6 geographically disparate locations where broodstock are captured for use in hatcheries. pcr amplicons were also sequenced to identify phylogenetic relationships of the virus haplotypes detected. shrimp from southeas ...201728792418
a conceptual framework for understanding illegal killing of large carnivores.the growing complexity and global nature of wildlife poaching threaten the survival of many species worldwide and are outpacing conservation efforts. here, we reviewed proximal and distal factors, both social and ecological, driving illegal killing or poaching of large carnivores at sites where it can potentially occur. through this review, we developed a conceptual social-ecological system framework that ties together many of the factors influencing large carnivore poaching. unlike most conserv ...201727854069
perspectives provided by leopard and other cat genomes: how diet determined the evolutionary history of carnivores, omnivores, and herbivores.recent advances in genome sequencing technologies have enabled humans to generate and investigate the genomes of wild species. this includes the big cat family, such as tigers, lions, and leopards. adding the first high quality leopard genome, we have performed an in-depth comparative analysis to identify the genomic signatures in the evolution of felid to become the top predators on land. our study focused on how the carnivore genomes, as compared to the omnivore or herbivore genomes, shared ev ...201728042784
range contractions of the world's large carnivores.the majority of the world's terrestrial large carnivores have undergone substantial range contractions and many of these species are currently threatened with extinction. however, there has been little effort to fully quantify the extent of large carnivore range contractions, which hinders our ability to understand the roles and relative drivers of such trends. here we present and analyse a newly constructed and comprehensive set of large carnivore range contraction maps. we reveal the extent to ...201728791136
modeling the population dynamics and community impacts of ambystoma tigrinum: a case study of phenotype plasticity.phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to changes in the environment. general mathematical descriptions of the phenomenon rely on an abstract measure of "viability" that, in this study, is instantiated in the case of the tiger salamander, ambystoma tigrinum. this organism has a point in its development when, upon maturing, it may take two very different forms. one is a terrestrial salamander (metamorph)that visits ponds to reproduce and eat, while ...201728237665
first record of stegomyia albopicta (= aedes albopictus) in morocco: a major threat to public health in north africa?the asian tiger mosquito stegomyia albopicta (= aedes albopictus) (diptera: culicidae), native to asian forests, is a nuisance mosquito and is responsible for the transmission of arboviruses of public health importance, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses. it has colonized parts of all continents, except antarctica, over the past 30-40 years. however, to date, the only records of s. albopicta in north africa refer to occasional collections in 2010 and 2014 in algeria. in early september ...201727775162
an integrated pest control strategy against the asian tiger mosquito in northern italy: a case study.in europe, aedes albopictus is an invasive mosquito species known to be a major nuisance as well as a vector of a range of arboviruses. a number of studies have indicated that community participation programmes are an effective pest control tool to reduce mosquito populations. however, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of a community-based approach in europe. in this study, we examined two ae. albopictus control strategies that implemented a community-based approach in northern italy: ...201727539880
responsiveness of cats (felidae) to silver vine (actinidia polygama), tatarian honeysuckle (lonicera tatarica), valerian (valeriana officinalis) and catnip (nepeta cataria).olfactory stimulation is an often overlooked method of environmental enrichment for cats in captivity. the best known example of olfactory enrichment is the use of catnip, a plant that can cause an apparently euphoric reaction in domestic cats and most of the pantherinae. it has long been known that some domestic cats and most tigers do not respond to catnip. although many anecdotes exist of other plants with similar effects, data are lacking about the number of cats that respond to these plants ...201728302120
holding back the tiger: successful control program protects australia from aedes albopictus expansion.the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is an important vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses and is a highly invasive and aggressive biter. established populations of this species were first recognised in australia in 2005 when they were discovered on islands in the torres strait, between mainland australia and papua new guinea. a control program was implemented with the original goal of eliminating ae. albopictus from the torres strait. we describe the evolution of management stra ...201728192520
[zika virus infection: a new public health emergency with great media impact].infection with zika virus (zv) has become a new epidemic, with great impact on the media, and is having a strong effect in latin american countries. its possible association with microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome prompted the world health organization (who) to declare on 1 february 2016 that this epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern. epidemiological data show an increasing incidence in countries like brazil and colombia, and that the epidemic is still expanding i ...201727474488
detection and establishment of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes in california, 2011-2015.in 2011, a thriving population of aedes albopictus (skuse), the asian tiger mosquito, was discovered within three cities in los angeles county over an estimated 52-km2 urban area. two years later in 2013, aedes aegypti (l.), the yellow fever mosquito, was detected within several urban areas of madera, fresno, and san mateo counties. state and local vector control agencies responded with an aggressive effort to eradicate or interrupt the spread of these two invasive mosquitoes; however, known pop ...201728399270
first report of the phe1534cys kdr mutation in natural populations of aedes albopictus from brazil.knockdown resistance (kdr), caused by alterations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (nav), is one of the mechanisms responsible for pyrethroid (py) resistance. in the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, at least four different mutations were described in the iiis6 nav segment in populations from asia, north america and europe. in contrast, in aedes aegypti at least 12 non-synonymous mutations have been reported at nine different codons, mostly in the iis6 and iiis6 nav segments. the phe153 ...201728347326
malpighian tubules as novel targets for mosquito control.the malpighian tubules and hindgut are the renal excretory tissues of mosquitoes; they are essential to maintaining hemolymph water and solute homeostasis. moreover, they make important contributions to detoxifying metabolic wastes and xenobiotics in the hemolymph. we have focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of malpighian tubule function in adult female mosquitoes and developing chemical tools as prototypes for next-generation mosquitocides that would act via a novel mechanism of act ...201728125032
mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) persistence and synchrony across an urban altitudinal gradient.patterns of mosquito spatial persistence and temporal presence, as well as synchrony, i.e., the degree of concerted fluctuations in abundance, have been scarcely studied at finely grained spatial scales and over altitudinal gradients. here, we present a spatial persistence, temporal presence, and synchrony analysis of four common mosquito species across the altitudinal gradient of mt. konpira in nagasaki, japan. we found that aedes albopictus (skuse) was more frequently found at the mountain bas ...201728025246
the invasive asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) in germany: local reproduction and overwintering.within the framework of a german mosquito monitoring programme, the 'mueckenatlas' (mosquito atlas) has been established as an instrument of citizen participation in mosquito mapping. in 2015, a strikingly large number of aedes albopictus, which had not been considered established in germany, was submitted. three of six collection sites showed local reproduction, with demonstration of developmental stages over three months at two sites. the third populated site was checked only once in october. ...201727876647
genetic evidence for a worldwide chaotic dispersion pattern of the arbovirus vector, aedes albopictus.invasive species represent a global concern for their rapid spread and the possibility of infectious disease transmission. this is the case of the global invader aedes albopictus, the asian tiger mosquito. this species is a vector of medically important arboviruses, notably chikungunya (chikv), dengue (denv) and zika (zikv). the reconstruction of the complex colonization pattern of this mosquito has great potential for mitigating its spread and, consequently, disease risks.201728135274
preliminary considerations about the presence of aedes albopictus (skuse 1897) (diptera: culicidae) during winter in the northwestern italy.aedes albopictus, the asian tiger mosquito, was unintentionally introduced in italy at the beginning of the 1990s. in few decades it spread almost in the whole country. in piedmont, the first report dates back to 1994. usually, temperate populations are affected by seasonal temperature and photoperiodicity and can overwinter by producing eggs that undergo a winter diapause. in rome females of the species extended their trophic activity to the coldest months of the year, but there is no notice ab ...201728067941
cold tolerance of the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus and its response to epigenetic alterations.phenotypic plasticity is considered as one of the key traits responsible for the establishment of populations of the invasive mosquito aedes albopictus, an important vector of viral and parasitic pathogens. the successful spread of this species to higher altitudes and latitudes may be explained by its ability to rapidly induce a heritable low-temperature phenotype (cold hardiness in eggs). as a result of the low genetic diversity of founder populations, an epigenetic short-term mechanism has bee ...201728396211
first record of aedes albopictus (skuse 1894) on são tomé island.biological invasions have critical impacts on native biodiversity and human societies and especially on oceanic islands that are fragile and threatened ecosystems. the invasive tiger mosquito aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse, 1894) native to southeast asia has been introduced during the past 30 years almost everywhere in the world, including the americas, the pacific, europe and africa. it has been reported for the first time in the gulf of guinea in 2000, first in cameroon, then in bioko isl ...201728377219
reduced performance of a pvc-coated biogents sentinel prototype in comparison to the original biogents sentinel for monitoring the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, in temperate north america.aedes albopictus is a major nuisance pest and also a public health concern because of the role it plays in the transmission of arboviruses. there is a continuing demand for effective surveillance tools for this species. the first generation of biogents sentinel (bgs1) traps have proven to be an effective tool for surveillance of ae. albopictus throughout its range, however, some defects in construction led to the eventual development of the next generation. we compared the performance of the new ...201728319188
effectiveness of autodissemination stations containing pyriproxyfen in reducing immature aedes albopictus populations.aedes albopictus, the asian tiger mosquito, is an aggressive, highly anthropophilic, day-biting mosquito with an expanding geographic range. suppression of ae. albopictus is difficult because of the abundance and prevalence of larval habitats within peridomestic environments, particularly cryptic habitats such as corrugated extension spouts, fence post openings, discarded food containers, etc. because of the challenges of eliminating or treating larval habitats of this species, we tested an auto ...201728279191
effects of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in a holistic environmental exposure regime on a terrestrial salamander, ambystoma tigrinum.2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) is a defense-related environmental contaminant present at high concentrations in soil at some military installations. tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum, family ambystomatidae) were exposed to tnt in a soil matrix and fed earthworms that had also been exposed to tnt via contaminated soil. such exposure was previously shown to result in significant accumulation of both tnt and tnt metabolites by salamanders. following 14 days of combined oral and dermal exposures, s ...201710805152
french crossings: iii. the smile of the tiger.this article continues the theme of 'french crossings' explored in other presidential addresses by focussing on the border zone between the human and the animal. the focus is on the allegedly tiger-like character attributed to maimilien robespierre, particularly after his fall from power and his execution in 1794. this theme is explored in terms of thermidorian propaganda, french revolutionary historiography and the ancient discipline of physiognomy, which was reactivated by johann-caspar lavate ...201727630376
d2-like dopamine receptors promote interactions between calcium and chloride channels that diminish rod synaptic transfer in the salamander retina.activation of d2-like dopamine receptors in rods with quinpirole stimulates l-type calcium currents (ica). this result appears inconsistent with studies showing that d2-like dopamine receptor activation diminishes rod signals in second-order retinal neurons. since small reductions in [cl-] can inhibit photoreceptor ica, we tested the hypothesis that enhancement of ica with the d2/d4 receptor agonist, quinpirole, increases calcium-activated chloride currents (icl(ca)) causing an efflux of cl- fro ...201712392173
tissue inhomogeneity correction for brachytherapy sources in a heterogeneous phantom with cylindrical symmetry.in brachytherapy it is customary to perform dose calculations for an implant assuming that the tumor and surrounding tissues constitute a uniform, homogeneous medium equivalent to water. in this work, the validity of the above assumption is studied quantitatively for points along the transverse axis of 103pd, 125i, and 241am brachytherapy sources, using measured and monte carlo calculated dose rates in homogeneous and heterogeneous media with cylindrical symmetry. the irradiation geometry chosen ...20171584139
effect of tissue inhomogeneity on dose distribution of point sources of low-energy electrons.perturbation in dose distributions of point sources of low-energy electrons at planar interfaces of cortical bone (cb) and red marrow (rm) was investigated experimentally and by monte carlo codes egs and the tiger series. ultrathin lif thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to measure the dose distributions of point sources of 204tl and 147pm in rm. when the point sources were at 12 mg/cm2 from a planar interface of cb and rm equivalent plastics, dose enhancement ratios in rm averaged over the r ...20172233564
antibiotics reduce retinal cell survival in vitro.antibiotics such as gentamicin (an aminoglycoside) and penicillin (a beta-lactam antibiotic) are routinely used in retinal cell and explant cultures. in many cases, these in vitro systems are testing parameters regarding photoreceptor transplantation or preparing cells for transplantation. in vivo, milligram doses of gentamicin are neurotoxic to the retina. however, little is known about the effects of antibiotics to retina in vitro and whether smaller doses of gentamicin are toxic to retinal ce ...201729098663
characterization of a pkr inhibitor from the pathogenic ranavirus, ambystoma tigrinum virus, using a heterologous vaccinia virus system.ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv) (family iridoviridae, genus ranavirus) was isolated from diseased tiger salamanders (ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi) from the san rafael valley in southern arizona, usa in 1996. genomic sequencing of atv, as well as other members of the genus, identified an open reading frame that has homology to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor, eif2α (atv eif2α homologue, vif2αh). therefore, we asked if the atv vif2αh could also inhibit pkr. to test this hypothesis, the ...201728919326
a refined ecological risk assessment for california red-legged frog, delta smelt, and california tiger salamander exposed to malathion.the california red-legged frog (crlf), delta smelt (ds), and california tiger salamander (cts) are 3 species listed under the united states federal endangered species act (esa), all of which inhabit aquatic ecosystems in california. the us environmental protection agency (usepa) has conducted deterministic screening-level risk assessments for these species potentially exposed to malathion, an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide. results from our screening-level analyses identified potenti ...201729087623
deciphering the olfactory repertoire of the tiger mosquito aedes albopictus.the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus is a highly invasive species and competent vector of several arboviruses (e.g. dengue, chikungunya, zika) and parasites (e.g. dirofilaria) of public health importance. compared to other mosquito species, ae. albopictus females exhibit a generalist host seeking as well as a very aggressive biting behaviour that are responsible for its high degree of nuisance. several complex mosquito behaviours such as host seeking, feeding, mating or oviposition rely on ...201729020917
preliminary results on the efficacy of macroalgal extracts against larvae of aedes albopictus.activity of ethanolic extracts of the algae ulva rigida, asparagopsis taxiformis, dictyota dichotoma, and cystoseira barbata, collected along italian coasts, was tested against larvae of the asian tiger mosquito ( aedes albopictus), a vector of pathogens for animals and humans. tests were carried out using 10 specimens of 3rd-stage larvae per test, following the world health organization standard protocol with minor modifications. among algal extracts, only d. dichotoma was active against the la ...201729369033
quantitative analysis of aedes albopictus movement behavior following sublethal exposure to prallethrin.the pyrethroid prallethrin, an ai in duet™ (clarke mosquito control, st. charles, il), is widely marketed ultra-low volume (ulv) mosquito adulticide. volatilized prallethrin is intended to stimulate mosquito flight, increasing its adulticide effectiveness. however, field tests using volatilized prallethrin have not produced significant differences in mosquito trap catches, leading to questions regarding prallethrin's behavioral impact efficacy. thus, we conducted laboratory tests of prallethrin' ...201729369017
a multiplex bead-based assay for immune gene expression analysis in shrimp.here, we developed a 9-plex bead-based array as a tool to evaluate molecular effects on transcription levels of immune-related genes in the black tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon). the bead array technology allows simultaneous detection of multiple target genes in a single sample, reducing time, labor and cost. the oligonucleotide probes were designed to target eight immune-related genes that involve in antimicrobial activity, melanization, pathogen pattern recognition proteins, lysozyme and one ho ...201728923715
a peptide signaling system that rapidly enforces paternity in the aedes aegypti mosquito.female aedes aegypti mosquitoes typically mate only once with one male in their lifetime, a behavior known as "monandry" [1]. this single mating event provisions the female with sufficient sperm to fertilize the >500 eggs she will produce during her ∼4- to 6-week lifespan in the laboratory [2]. successful mating induces lifetime refractoriness to subsequent insemination by other males, enforcing the paternity of the first male [3-5]. ae. aegypti mate in flight near human hosts [6], and females b ...201729174895
laboratory evaluation of a novel lethal ovitrap for control of aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) are known to flourish in a variety of natural and residential habitats and are competent vectors of at least 22 different arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika. their global distribution, anthropophilic nature, and vector competency make them species of interest for control. a novel durable dual-action lethal ovitrap (ddalo) with combined larviciding and adulticiding effects, as well as a slow-release polymer (isobutyl methacrylate), was des ...201728968892
evaluation of lambda-cyhalothrin and pyriproxyfen barrier treatments for aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) management in urbanized areas of new jersey.mosquito control programs in the united states are still searching for best management practices to control the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse; diptera: culicidae). most intervention methods for this species are either labor intensive (e.g., source reduction) or short-term (e.g., ultra-low-volume adulticiding). we investigated the effectiveness of barrier spray pesticide applications within urban and suburban residential yards in new jersey as a control strategy using a before-aft ...201729244157
population genomics of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus: insights into the recent worldwide invasion.aedes albopictus, the "asian tiger mosquito," is an aggressive biting mosquito native to asia that has colonized all continents except antarctica during the last ~30-40 years. the species is of great public health concern as it can transmit at least 26 arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. in this study, using double-digest restriction site-associated dna (ddrad) sequencing, we developed a panel of ~58,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) based on 20 worldwide ae. a ...201729238544
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