| Morphological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic placement of Sarcocystis capreolicanis and Sarcocystis silva n. sp. from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Norway. | Sarcocysts were isolated from the muscle tissue of three roe deer from southeastern Norway and examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and/or sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) gene. By light microscopy, four sarcocyst types were found, including those of Sarcocystis gracilis and Sarcocystis oviformis, which had been characterized previously. The third cyst type had about 10 µm long, flexible, hair-like surface protrusions, consistent with those of Sarcoc ... | 2011 | 21853224 |
| presence of bartonella species in wild carnivores of northern spain. | the genus bartonella was detected by pcr in 5.7% (12/212) of wild carnivores from northern spain. based on hybridization and sequence analyses, bartonella henselae was identified in a wildcat (felis silvestris), bartonella rochalimae in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) and in a wolf (canis lupus), and bartonella sp. in badgers (meles meles). | 2011 | 22138983 |
| detection of echinococcus multilocularis in carnivores in razavi khorasan province, iran using mitochondrial dna. | echinococcus multilocularis is the source of alveolar echinococcosis, a potentially fatal zoonotic disease. this investigation assessed the presence of e. multilocularis infection in definitive hosts in the chenaran region of razavi khorasan province, northeastern iran. | 2011 | 22132245 |
| changes in the geographical distribution and abundance of the tick ixodes ricinus during the past 30 years in sweden. | abstract: background: ixodes ricinus is the main vector in europe of human-pathogenic lyme borreliosis (lb) spirochaetes, the tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) and other pathogens of humans and domesticated mammals. the results of a previous 1994 questionnaire, directed at people living in central and north sweden (svealand and norrland) and aiming to gather information about tick exposure for humans and domestic animals, suggested that ixodes ricinus ticks had become more widespread in cent ... | 2012 | 22233771 |
| screening for trichinella britovi infection in red fox (vulpes vulpes) and wild boar (sus scrofa) in southeastern france. | from 2006 to 2009 we screened 108 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 894 wild boars (sus scrofa) in haut-var, france for trichinella britovi infection. prevalences were 2.7 and 0% respectively. the fox may be considered a predictive sentinel for trichinella in the haut-var ecosystem. | 2012 | 22247397 |
| the who rabies bulletin europe: a key source of information on rabies and a pivotal tool for surveillance and epidemiology. | rabies is one of the most, if not the most, prominent and feared zoonotic diseases in the world and the world health organization (who) estimates that 55,000 people die of the disease every year. most of these deaths occur in asia and africa and are usually the result of dog-mediated rabies. in europe, the red fox is considered the main reservoir species for wildlife rabies caused by the rabies virus. besides foxes, bats have also been identified as a reservoir for european bat lyssaviruses in m ... | 2012 | 23520734 |
| effects of selection for behavior, human approach mode and sex on vocalization in silver fox. | this study presents a first direct comparison of vocal type, call rate and time spent vocalizing among unselected, tame and aggressive strains of silver fox (vulpes vulpes) in three modes of human approach (provoking, approach-retreat, and static). also, it provides a first comparison of male and female vocal output in the provoking test. vocal types were found strain-specific irrespective of the fox sex or the test. males had higher call rates and spent shorter times vocalizing than females. th ... | 2012 | 23525128 |
| missense polymorphisms in the mc1r gene of the dog, red fox, arctic fox and chinese raccoon dog. | coat colour variation is determined by many genes, one of which is the melanocortin receptor type 1 (mc1r) gene. in this study, we examined the whole coding sequence of this gene in four species belonging to the canidae family (dog, red fox, arctic fox and chinese raccoon dog). although the comparative analysis of the obtained nucleotide sequences revealed a high conservation, which varied between 97.9 and 99.1%, we altogether identified 22 snps (10 in dogs, six in farmed red foxes, two in wild ... | 2012 | 23496014 |
| adrenal reactivity to acth age changes in silver foxes inheriting different defensive behaviors. | we have studied the influence of selection for behavior in female silver foxes upon their adrenal reactivity to acth. it has been found that in the first year of life, in females from a population selected for domesticated behavior (tame), there is no differentiated adrenal response to different doses of acth. in wild females during the first year of life, varying strength of adrenal response to large and small doses of acth is noted. during the second year of life, the differential adrenal resp ... | 1976 | 233073 |
| [morphological characteristics of adrenal cortex structure in domesticated silver fox females]. | | 1991 | 1204449 |
| nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in alaskan red fox kits. | | 2016 | 4810216 |
| [luteal biology in the fox (vulpes vulpes l.). persistance of the corpus luteum after delivery]. | | 2014 | 4991533 |
| deer, predators, and the emergence of lyme disease. | lyme disease is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in north america, and both the annual incidence and geographic range are increasing. the emergence of lyme disease has been attributed to a century-long recovery of deer, an important reproductive host for adult ticks. however, a growing body of evidence suggests that lyme disease risk may now be more dynamically linked to fluctuations in the abundance of small-mammal hosts that are thought to infect the majority of ticks. the continuing an ... | 2012 | 22711825 |
| wildlife reservoirs for vector-borne canine, feline and zoonotic infections in austria. | austria's mammalian wildlife comprises a large variety of species, acting and interacting in different ways as reservoir and intermediate and definitive hosts for different pathogens that can be transmitted to pets and/or humans. foxes and other wild canids are responsible for maintaining zoonotic agents, e.g. echinococcus multilocularis, as well as pet-relevant pathogens, e.g. hepatozoon canis. together with the canids, and less commonly felids, rodents play a major role as intermediate and par ... | 2014 | 25830102 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from romania. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are one of the most widespread wild carnivores in the world, being recognized to harbor and transmit a wide range of vector-borne diseases. anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato are zoonotic tick-borne pathogens causing emerging diseases. wild animals play an essential role in the transmission of diseases and pathogens maintenance in nature. epidemiological studies regarding the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in red foxes are of public health ... | 2015 | 26449360 |
| the role of wildlife in the transmission of parasitic zoonoses in peri-urban and urban areas. | during the last 100 years in many countries of the world, there have been dramatic changes in natural/rural landscapes due to urbanization. since many wildlife species are unable to adapt to these alterations in their environment, urbanization is commonly responsible for a decline of biodiversity in areas of urban development. in contrast, some wild animal species are attracted to peri-urban and urban habitats due to the availability of an abundant food supply and the presence of structures in w ... | 2015 | 25830108 |
| serological investigation of wild boars (sus scrofa) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as indicator animals for circulation of francisella tularensis in germany. | tularemia outbreaks in humans have recently been reported in many european countries, but data on the occurrence in the animal population are scarce. in north america, seroconversion of omnivores and carnivores was used as indicator for the presence of tularemia, for the european fauna, however, data are barely available. therefore, the suitability of wild boars (sus scrofa) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as indicators for the circulation of f. tularensis in germany was evaluated. serum samples f ... | 2014 | 24359418 |
| screening red foxes (vulpes vulpes) for possible viral causes of encephalitis. | next to various known infectious and non-infectious causes, the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) often remains unclear. known causes in foxes imply rabies, canine distemper, toxoplasmosis, aujeszky's disease, as well as parvovirus, adenovirus, circovirus and flavivirus infections. in this study, particular attention was paid on bornaviruses, since red foxes are predators of bicoloured white-toothed shrews, a reservoir of borna disease virus 1 (bodv-1). in ad ... | 2016 | 27590473 |
| mapping loci for fox domestication: deconstruction/reconstruction of a behavioral phenotype. | during the second part of the twentieth century, belyaev selected tame and aggressive foxes (vulpes vulpes), in an effort known as the "farm-fox experiment", to recapitulate the process of animal domestication. using these tame and aggressive foxes as founders of segregant backcross and intercross populations we have employed interval mapping to identify a locus for tame behavior on fox chromosome vvu12. this locus is orthologous to, and therefore validates, a genomic region recently implicated ... | 2010 | 21153916 |
| genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) detects genetic structure and confirms behavioral qtl in tame and aggressive foxes (vulpes vulpes). | the silver fox (vulpes vulpes) offers a novel model for studying the genetics of social behavior and animal domestication. selection of foxes, separately, for tame and for aggressive behavior has yielded two strains with markedly different, genetically determined, behavioral phenotypes. tame strain foxes are eager to establish human contact while foxes from the aggressive strain are aggressive and difficult to handle. these strains have been maintained as separate outbred lines for over 40 gener ... | 2015 | 26061395 |
| first report of anaplasma platys infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and molecular detection of ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum in foxes from portugal. | the bacteria anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis and the protozoan leishmania infantum are vector-borne agents that cause canine vector-borne diseases, some of which are zoonotic. the present survey investigated the prevalence of anaplasma, ehrlichia and leishmania in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal by molecular analysis, in order to evaluate the epidemiological role of these canids as reservoirs of infection. | 2015 | 25889750 |
| natural infection of synathropic rodent species mus musculus and rattus norvegicus by leishmania infantum in sesimbra and sintra--portugal. | canine leishmaniosis caused by leishmania infantum is a parasitic zoonotic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae). genus phlebotomus is the biological vector in the old world and lutzomyia in the new world. the dog is the domestic reservoir host but other animals like the fox (vulpes vulpes) and rodents are known to maintain the infection in both sylvatic and domestic cycles. | 2013 | 23566789 |
| first molecular evidence of hepatozoon canis infection in red foxes and golden jackals from hungary. | recently, hepatozoon canis infection has been detected among shepherd, hunting and stray dogs in the southern part of hungary, which is considered to be free of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and close to the border with croatia. the aim of this study was to acquire information on the possibility that red foxes and/or golden jackals could play a role in the appearance and spread of h. canis in hungary. | 2014 | 24985073 |
| detection of babesia annae dna in lung exudate samples from red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in great britain. | this study aimed to determine the prevalence of babesia species dna in lung exudate samples collected from red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from across great britain. babesia are small piroplasmid parasites which are mainly transmitted through the bite of infected ticks of the family ixodidae. babesia can cause potentially fatal disease in a wide-range of mammalian species including humans, dogs and cattle, making them of significant economic importance to both the medical and veterinary fields. | 2016 | 26867572 |
| reclassification of theileria annae as babesia vulpes sp. nov. | theileria annae is a tick-transmitted small piroplasmid that infects dogs and foxes in north america and europe. due to disagreement on its placement in the theileria or babesia genera, several synonyms have been used for this parasite, including babesia spanish dog isolate, babesia microti-like, babesia (theileria) annae, and babesia cf. microti. infections by this parasite cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, and azotemia in dogs but are mostly subclinical in red foxes (vulpes vulpes). furthermore, ... | 2015 | 25890372 |
| a molecular survey of vector-borne pathogens in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from bosnia and herzegovina. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) have recently been recognized as potential reservoirs of several vector-borne pathogens and a source of infection for domestic dogs and humans, mostly due to their close vicinity to urban areas and frequent exposure to different arthropod vectors. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence and distribution of babesia spp., hepatozoon canis, anaplasma spp., bartonella spp., 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis', ehrlichia canis, rickettsia spp. and blood filaro ... | 2015 | 25889961 |
| first report on babesia cf. microti infection of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from hungary. | to date, only one report of a small babesia infection based on microscopic observation which caused babesiosis in two dogs in hungary has been published. babesiosis due to babesia canis - which is endemic in the local dogs - has only been detected in captive grey wolves. no information is available on babesial/theilerial infections in red foxes in hungary. the aim of the study was to screen red foxes in hungary for babesial parasites by pcr and to compare their partial 18s rrna gene sequences to ... | 2015 | 25623386 |
| fox on the run--molecular surveillance of fox blood and tissue for the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens in austria. | the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is a widespread species, harbouring many pathogens relevant for humans and pets. indeed, anaplasma spp., ehrlichia canis and rickettsia spp. among the bacteria and hepatozoon canis as well as babesia sp. among the parasites have been the focus of several studies. | 2014 | 25413694 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia sp. in an austrian fox is distinct from candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis, but closer related to candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris. | candidatus neoehrlichia came under the focus of recent research in terms of human and pet relevance. candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis seems to be relatively abundant in animals and humans from central european countries, whereas candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris was found solely in raccoons from the usa. | 2015 | 26471191 |
| piroplasmosis in wildlife: babesia and theileria affecting free-ranging ungulates and carnivores in the italian alps. | piroplasmosis are among the most relevant diseases of domestic animals. babesia is emerging as cause of tick-borne zoonosis worldwide and free-living animals are reservoir hosts of several zoonotic babesia species. we investigated the epidemiology of babesia spp. and theileria spp. in wild ungulates and carnivores from northern italy to determine which of these apicomplexan species circulate in wildlife and their prevalence of infection. | 2014 | 24533742 |
| molecular and histopathological detection of hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal. | hepatozoon canis is a protozoan tick-borne pathogen of dogs and wild canids. hepatozoon spp. have been reported to infect foxes in different continents and recent studies have mostly used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection and characterization of the infecting species. surveying red foxes (vulpes vulpes) may contribute to better understanding the epidemiology of canine vector-borne diseases, including hepatozoonosis caused by h. canis in domestic dogs. the present study invest ... | 2014 | 24655375 |
| teeth of the red fox vulpes vulpes (l., 1758) as a bioindicator in studies on fluoride pollution. | an examination was made of fluoride content in the mandibular first molars of the permanent teeth of the red fox vulpes vulpes living in north-west (nw) poland. the teeth were first dried to a constant weight at 105°c and then ashed. fluorides were determined potentiometrically, and their concentrations were expressed in dry weight (dw) and ash. the results were used to perform an indirect estimation of fluoride pollution in the examined region of poland. the collected specimens (n = 35) were cl ... | 2011 | 21957316 |
| the effects of sex, age, season and habitat on diet of the red fox vulpes vulpes in northeastern poland. | the diet of the red fox vulpes vulpes was investigated in five regions of northeastern poland by stomach content analysis of 224 foxes collected from hunters. the red fox is expected to show the opportunistic feeding habits. our study showed that foxes preyed mainly on wild prey, with strong domination of microtus rodents, regardless of sex, age, month and habitat. voles microtus spp. were found in 73% of stomachs and constituted 47% of food volume consumed. other food items were ungulate carrio ... | 2011 | 21765531 |
| interspecific and geographic variation in the diets of sympatric carnivores: dingoes/wild dogs and red foxes in south-eastern australia. | dingoes/wild dogs (canis dingo/familiaris) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are widespread carnivores in southern australia and are controlled to reduce predation on domestic livestock and native fauna. we used the occurrence of food items in 5875 dingo/wild dog scats and 11,569 fox scats to evaluate interspecific and geographic differences in the diets of these species within nine regions of victoria, south-eastern australia. the nine regions encompass a wide variety of ecosystems. diet overlap be ... | 2015 | 25790230 |
| red fox vulpes vulpes (l., 1758) as a bioindicator of mercury contamination in terrestrial ecosystems of north-western poland. | in this study, we determined the concentrations of total mercury (hg) in samples of liver, kidney and skeletal muscle of 27 red foxes vulpes vulpes (l., 1758) from north-western poland, and examined the morphometric characteristics of the collected specimens. the analysis also included the relationship between hg concentration and the fox size, and the suitability of individual organs as bioindicators in indirect evaluation of environmental mercury contamination. determination of hg concentratio ... | 2011 | 21892722 |
| toxoplasma gondii in sympatric wild herbivores and carnivores: epidemiology of infection in the western alps. | toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite that is able to infect almost all warm blooded animals. in europe, the domestic cat is the main definitive host. worldwide, 6 billion people are infected with this parasite. the goal of our research is to evaluate the prevalence of t. gondii infection in wild animals from a previously unsampled area in northern italy where 0.1% of women seroconvert during pregnancy each year. | 2014 | 24766665 |
| the dispersion and detection patterns of mtdna-assigned red fox vulpes vulpes scats in tasmania are anomalous. | models used for resource allocation in eradication programmes must be based on replicated data of known quality and have proven predictive accuracy, or they may provide a false indication of species presence and/or distribution. in the absence of data corroborating the presence of extant foxes vulpes vulpes in tasmania, a habitat-specific model based upon mtdna data (sarre et al. 2012. journal applied ecology, 50, 459-468) implied that foxes were widespread. overall, 61 of 9940 (0·6%) surveyed s ... | 2014 | 25641979 |
| an invasive vector of zoonotic disease sustained by anthropogenic resources: the raccoon dog in northern europe. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is an introduced species in europe with a continually expanding range. since the species is capable of affecting local ecosystems and is a vector for a number of severe zoonotic diseases, it is important to understand its food habits. raccoon dog diet was studied in estonia by examining the contents of 223 stomach samples collected during the coldest period of the year, august to march, in 2010-2012. the most frequently consumed food categories were ant ... | 2014 | 24852942 |
| twenty year experience of the oral rabies vaccine sag2 in wildlife: a global review. | the sag2 vaccine (rabigen® sag2) is a modified live attenuated rabies virus vaccine, selected from the sad bern strain in a two-step process of amino acid mutation using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. the strain is genetically stable and does not spread in vivo or induce a persistent infection. its absence of residual pathogenicity was extensively demonstrated in multiple target and non target species (such as wild carnivores and rodent species), including non-human primates. the efficacy o ... | 2014 | 25106552 |
| mesopredator management: effects of red fox control on the abundance, diet and use of space by feral cats. | apex predators are subject to lethal control in many parts of the world to minimize their impacts on human industries and livelihoods. diverse communities of smaller predators-mesopredators-often remain after apex predator removal. despite concern that these mesopredators may be 'released' in the absence of the apex predator and exert negative effects on each other and on co-occurring prey, these interactions have been little studied. here, we investigate the potential effects of competition and ... | 2017 | 28068378 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis potentially reveals the existence of two groups of anaplasma phagocytophilum circulating in cattle in france with different wild reservoirs. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of tick-borne fever, a disease with high economic impact for domestic ruminants in europe. epidemiological cycles of this species are complex, and involve different ecotypes circulating in various host species. to date, these epidemiological cycles are poorly understood, especially in europe, as european reservoir hosts (i.e. vertebrate hosts enabling long-term maintenance of the bacterium in the ecosystem), of the bacterium have not yet been clea ... | 2016 | 27876073 |
| predation by red foxes (vulpes vulpes) at an outdoor piggery. | outdoor pig operations are an alternative to intensive systems of raising pigs; however for the majority of outdoor pork producers, issues of biosecurity and predation control require significant management and (or) capital investment. identifying and quantifying predation risk in outdoor pork operations has rarely been done, but such data would be informative for these producers as part of their financial and logistical planning. we quantified potential impact of fox predation on piglets bred o ... | 2016 | 27740601 |
| wild boar tuberculosis in iberian atlantic spain: a different picture from mediterranean habitats. | infections with mycobacterium bovis and closely related members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) are shared between livestock, wildlife and sporadically human beings. wildlife reservoirs exist worldwide and can interfere with bovine tuberculosis (tb) eradication efforts. the eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) is a mtc maintenance host in mediterranean iberia (spain and portugal). however, few systematic studies in wild boar have been carried out in atlantic regions. we describe the p ... | 2013 | 24010539 |
| assessing genetic structure in common but ecologically distinct carnivores: the stone marten and red fox. | the identification of populations and spatial genetic patterns is important for ecological and conservation research, and spatially explicit individual-based methods have been recognised as powerful tools in this context. mammalian carnivores are intrinsically vulnerable to habitat fragmentation but not much is known about the genetic consequences of fragmentation in common species. stone martens (martes foina) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) share a widespread palearctic distribution and are cons ... | 2016 | 26727497 |
| climate-driven environmental changes around 8,200 years ago favoured increases in cetacean strandings and mediterranean hunter-gatherers exploited them. | cetacean mass strandings occur regularly worldwide, yet the compounded effects of natural and anthropogenic factors often complicate our understanding of these phenomena. evidence of past stranding episodes may, thus, be essential to establish the potential influence of climate change. investigations on bones from the site of grotta dell'uzzo in north west sicily (italy) show that the rapid climate change around 8,200 years ago coincided with increased strandings in the mediterranean sea. stable ... | 2015 | 26573384 |
| controlling of csfv in european wild boar using oral vaccination: a review. | classical swine fever (csf) is among the most detrimental diseases for the swine industry worldwide. infected wild boar populations can play a crucial role in csf epidemiology and controlling wild reservoirs is of utmost importance for preventing domestic outbreaks. oral mass vaccination (omv) has been implemented to control csf in wild boars and limit the spill over to domestic pigs. this retrospective overview of vaccination experiences illustrates the potential for that option. the c-strain l ... | 2015 | 26557109 |
| are we getting the full picture? animal responses to camera traps and implications for predator studies. | camera trapping is widely used in ecological studies. it is often considered nonintrusive simply because animals are not captured or handled. however, the emission of light and sound from camera traps can be intrusive. we evaluated the daytime and nighttime behavioral responses of four mammalian predators to camera traps in road-based, passive (no bait) surveys, in order to determine how this might affect ecological investigations. wild dogs, european red foxes, feral cats, and spotted-tailed qu ... | 2016 | 27096080 |
| rabies in the baltic states: decoding a process of control and elimination. | rabies is a fatal zoonosis that still causes nearly 70, 000 human deaths every year. in europe, the oral rabies vaccination (orv) of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) was developed in the late 1970s and has demonstrated its effectiveness in the eradication of the disease in western and some central european countries. following the accession of the three baltic countries--estonia, latvia and lithuania--to the european union in 2004, subsequent financial support has allowed the implementation of regular ... | 2016 | 26849358 |
| red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and wild dogs (dingoes (canis lupus dingo) and dingo/domestic dog hybrids), as sylvatic hosts for australian taenia hydatigena and taenia ovis. | foxes (n = 499), shot during vertebrate pest control programs, were collected in various sites in the australian capital territory (act), new south wales (nsw) and western australia (wa). wild dogs (dingoes (canis lupus dingo) and their hybrids with domestic dogs) (n = 52) captured also as part of vertebrate pest control programs were collected from several sites in the act and nsw. the intestine from each fox and wild dog was collected, and all taenia tapeworms identified morphologically were c ... | 2014 | 25161904 |
| colonization of abandoned land by juniperus thurifera is mediated by the interaction of a diverse dispersal assemblage and environmental heterogeneity. | land abandonment is one of the most powerful global change drivers in developed countries where recent rural exodus has been the norm. abandonment of traditional land use practices has permitted the colonization of these areas by shrub and tree species. for fleshy fruited species the colonization of new areas is determined by the dispersal assemblage composition and abundance. in this study we showed how the relative contribution to the dispersal process by each animal species is modulated by th ... | 2012 | 23071692 |
| echinococcus multilocularis and other zoonotic parasites in red foxes in estonia. | red fox (vulpes vulpes) is the most widely distributed canid in the world and an important source of multiple zoonotic pathogens capable of causing life-threatening diseases, such as rabies and alveolar echinococcosis. informing general public of potential risks related to foxes is becoming more important since the fox densities have increased in many countries and the species is colonizing urban areas in europe and around the world with increasing pace, bringing zoonotic pathogens to the immedi ... | 2016 | 27279259 |
| endoparasitic fauna of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and golden jackals (canis aureus) in serbia. | wild canides have a high epizootiological - epidemiological significance, considering that they are hosts for some parasites which spread vector born diseases. increased frequency of certain interactions between domestic and wild canides increases the risk of occurrence, spreading and maintaining the infection of parasitic etiology in domestic canides. the research was conducted in 232 wild canides (172 red foxes and 60 golden jackals). the examined material was sampled from foxes and jackals, w ... | 2016 | 27078664 |
| endoparasites of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in denmark 2009-2012 - a comparative study. | invasive species negatively influence the biodiversity of the ecosystems they invade and may introduce pathogens to native species. raccoon dogs have very successfully invaded europe, including, recently, denmark. this study included analyses of gastrointestinal helminths and trichinella spp. from 99 raccoon dogs and 384 native red foxes collected from october 2009 to march 2012. the sedimentation and counting method used revealed that raccoon dogs and foxes harboured 9 and 13 different helminth ... | 2013 | 24533328 |
| environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of alaria alata in hungary. | alaria alata is a potential zoonotic parasite, which is widely distributed in eurasia. to assess the risk of human infection, it is important to know the spatial distribution pattern of the parasite and factors influencing this pattern. to investigate these relationships, 1612 red fox (vulpes vulpes) carcasses were randomly collected from the whole hungarian territory, and the intestines were examined by sedimentation and counting technique. the spatial distribution of the parasite was highly cl ... | 2013 | 24011677 |
| survey on helminths in the small intestine of wild foxes in qinghai, china. | the intestinal helminth fauna of tibetan sand foxes (vulpes ferrilata) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) inhabiting in qinghai, china, was evaluated by conducting necropsy of hunted foxes and fecal egg examination of field-collected feces. in northeast and south qinghai, 36 foxes were necropsied, and the species of foxes and the parasites detected were identified by the dna barcoding. in 27 red foxes and 9 tibetan sand foxes examined, mesocestoides litteratus (total prevalence: 64%), toxascaris leon ... | 2013 | 23749034 |
| identification of a novel aleutian mink disease virus b-cell epitope using a monoclonal antibody against vp2 protein. | aleutian mink disease virus (amdv) is a parvovirus that causes an immune complex-mediated disease in minks. capsid protein vp2 is a major structural viral protein and can be used to diagnose amdv. in this study, a specific monoclonal antibody, 1m13, was produced against the amdv vp2 protein (amino acids 291-502). a linear vp2-protein epitope was identified by subjecting a series of partially overlapping synthesized peptides to be enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) analysis. the results in ... | 2016 | 27354304 |
| a molecular survey of anaplasma spp., rickettsia spp., ehrlichia canis and babesia microti in foxes and fleas from sicily. | fleas (insecta: siphonaptera) are obligate bloodsucking insects, which parasitize birds and mammals, and are distributed throughout the world. several species have been implicated in pathogen transmission. this study aimed to monitor red foxes and the fleas isolated from them in the palermo and ragusa provinces of sicily, italy, as these organisms are potential reservoirs and vectors of pathogens. thirteen foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 110 fleas were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to de ... | 2013 | 24589112 |
| detection of 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' and other anaplasmataceae and rickettsiaceae in canidae in switzerland and mediterranean countries. | 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic agent that primarily affects immunocompromised human patients. dogs and foxes are frequently exposed to ticks, and both species are in close proximity to humans. this is the first study to systematically investigate the occurrence of 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' in canidae in europa. we analyzed 1'739 blood samples from dogs in switzerland, italy, spain and portugal and 162 blood samples from free-ranging red foxes ( ... | 2016 | 27707682 |
| spatial distribution of anaplasma phagocytophilum and hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. | in recent years, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus were reported from hungary. the aim of the present study was to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of pathogens transmitted by r. sanguineus in a sentinel species, red fox (vulpes vulpes) in hungary and to analyse the relationship of these patterns with landscape and climate by geographical information systems. fox carcasses, representing 0.5% of the total fox population were randomly selected out ... | 2015 | 26065623 |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) from brandenburg, germany. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular and tick-transmitted bacterium, which causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in animals and humans. although infection with a. phagocytophilum in domestic animals and vector ticks is documented, there is sparse information on the occurrence of a. phagocytophilum in wild animals. red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as well as raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) are wildlife species highly abundant in certain areas of germany and represent a potential wil ... | 2014 | 24512760 |
| wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as sentinels of parasitic diseases in the province of soria, northern spain. | four hundred red foxes (vulpes vulpes) were examined for ecto- (arthropods) and endoparasites (leishmania spp., trichinella spp., and intestinal parasites). different species of flea (total prevalence, 40.50%), tick (16.25%), mite (7.25%), and fly (1.50%) were identified. the most prevalent flea was pulex irritans (found on 29% of the foxes); the most prevalent tick, mite, and fly were ixodes canisuga (on 5%), sarcoptes scabiei (on 5.25%), and hippobosca equina (on 1%), respectively. the endopar ... | 2015 | 26565688 |
| intestinal helminths of golden jackals and red foxes from tunisia. | forty wild canids including 31 golden jackals (canis aureus linné, 1758) and 9 red foxes (vulpes vulpes linné, 1758) collected between 2008 and 2011 in the northeast, northwest and center of tunisia were necropsied and examined for intestinal helminth parasites. all jackals and foxes were found infected with a prevalence rate of 95% for cestodes, 82.5% for nematodes and 7.5% for acanthocephalans. a total of twelve helminth species were recorded in red foxes: cestodes, dipylidium caninum (55.6%), ... | 2014 | 24938826 |
| the eurasian otter (lutra lutra) as a potential host for rickettsial pathogens in southern italy. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and rickettsiosis are zoonotic tick-borne diseases of canids caused by the intracellular obligate bacteria ehrlichia canis and rickettsia species respectively. in this study, we investigated using standard and real-time pcr and sequencing, the occurrence and molecular characterization of e. canis and rickettsia species in the eurasian otter (lutra lutra) from the southern italian population. samples were screened by using molecular assays also for neospora caninum, ... | 2017 | 28267780 |
| the effect of host age and inoculation dose on infection dynamics of angiostrongylus vasorum in red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | infections and clinical cases of angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs are found increasingly across europe, thus rendering knowledge on its infection biology more important. we used red foxes as a carnivore model to examine the effect of host age and infection dose on the establishment of adult a. vasorum in single experimental infections. | 2017 | 28049507 |
| parasite species of the endangered iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) and a sympatric widespread carnivore. | parasites have a profound impact on wildlife population dynamics. however, until some years ago, studies on the occurrence and prevalence of wildlife parasites were neglected comparatively with the studies on humans and domestic animals. in this study, we determined the parasite prevalence of two sympatric wild canids: the endangered iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) and the widespread red fox (vulpes vulpes), in central portugal. from november 2014 to july 2015, fresh fecal samples from both ... | 2016 | 27358768 |
| red fox (vulpes vulpes) as a potential reservoir host of cardiorespiratory parasites in bosnia and herzegovina. | red fox (vulpes vulpes) is considered as reservoir of different cardiorespiratory parasites of veterinary and medical importance. since data on cardiorespiratory parasites in foxes in bosnia and herzegovina are still lacking, the aims of the present study were to (i) investigate the prevalence and geographical distribution of these parasites, (ii) determine genetic diversity of detected parasite species, and (iii) to estimate the role of foxes in the transmission cycle to companion animals and h ... | 2016 | 27198779 |
| comparison of three methods for the detection of angiostrongylus vasorum in the final host. | angiostrongylosis is potentially fatal parasitic nematode infection affecting dogs which can be difficult to diagnose. in recent years several microscopical, serological and molecular detection methods have been developed, however there are few studies that have compared the relative performance of these methods. screening necropsy material from an opportunistic sample of 140 foxes (82 of which were considered to be infected with angiostrongylus vasorum), indicated sensitivities of 84.1% for dis ... | 2016 | 26995721 |
| geographical distribution of angiostrongylus vasorum in foxes (vulpes vulpes) in the republic of ireland. | the reported incidence of the metastrongylid nematode angiostrongylus vasorum, that infects dogs and other canids, is increasing worldwide outside recognized endemic foci. this apparent expansion of the parasite's range is causing concern to veterinary clinicians as the disease caused in dogs can be life threatening and its treatment is not straightforward. the red fox is thought to be a reservoir host for dogs. to investigate the spatial distribution of infection in foxes in ireland, the hearts ... | 2016 | 26940534 |
| angiostrongylus vasorum infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in southern italy. | angiostrongylus vasorum (nematoda: angiostrongylidae) infection was detected at post-mortem examination in the pulmonary arteries and hearts of 34/102 (33,3%) of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the campania region in southern italy. pathological changes consisted of granulomatous interstitial pneumonia caused by larvae and intravascular pulmonary adult nematodes. these changes confirm that angiostrongylosis infection in red foxes has a mainly chronic course, in which the infected host may dispers ... | 2015 | 26204007 |
| detection of angiostrongylus vasorum in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from brandenburg, germany. | angiostrongylus (a.) vasorum is a nematode that causes angiostrongylosis in domestic and wild canids. red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) are suspected of providing a wildlife reservoir for a. vasorum infections in pet dogs. to obtain data on the occurrence of a. vasorum in wildlife, red fox and raccoon dog carcasses (hunted or found dead) were collected from january to september 2009 in the federal state of brandenburg, germany. lung tissue samples were subject ... | 2015 | 26152419 |
| environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of angiostrongylus vasorum, crenosoma vulpis and eucoleus aerophilus in hungary. | angiostrongylus vasorum, crenosoma vulpis and eucoleus aerophilus (syn. capillaria aerophila) are the most important lungworm species infecting wild and domesticated canids in europe. to investigate the spatial distribution of these parasites and the factors influencing their circulation in the fox populations, 937 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) were tested for lungworm infection in hungary. the prevalence of a. vasorum, c. vulpis and e. aerophilus infection was high (17.9, 24.6 and 61.7%). the distr ... | 2015 | 25547643 |
| the first report of angiostrongylus vasorum (nematoda; metastrongyloidea) in poland, in red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | angiostrongylus vasorum belongs to the superfamily of metastrongyloidea. this nematode occurs in foxes, dogs and other predators. the nematode a. vasorum place themselves in the pulmonary artery and its branches, and in the right ventricle and atrium of the heart. numerous species of land snails are the intermediate hosts of the parasite. in 2013, lungs and hearts of 76 foxes shot in the forest district głęboki bród in augustowska primeval forest were parasitologically necropsied. four of the ex ... | 2014 | 25236289 |
| extraintestinal nematodes of the red fox vulpes vulpes in north-west italy. | extraintestinal nematodes of the red fox (vulpes vulpes) are a wide group of parasites that infect wild and domestic carnivores and occasionally humans. nematodes in the cardiopulmonary system, stomach, urinary apparatus and muscle tissue of 165 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from north-west italy (liguria and piedmont) were investigated between 2009 and 2012. of the cardiopulmonary nematodes, a high prevalence of angiostrongylus vasorum and eucoleus aerophilus (syn. capillaria aerophila) was found, ... | 2015 | 24725462 |
| increase in number of helminth species from dutch red foxes over a 35-year period. | the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is host to a community of zoonotic and other helminth species. tracking their community structure and dynamics over decades is one way to monitor the long term risk of parasitic infectious diseases relevant to public and veterinary health. | 2014 | 24708710 |
| infections with cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange in red foxes from two different localities in denmark. | monitoring parasitic infections in the red fox is essential for obtaining baseline knowledge on the spread of diseases of veterinary and medical importance. in this study, screening for cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei) was done on 118 foxes originating from two distinct localities in denmark, (copenhagen) greater area and southern jutland. fifteen parasite species were recorded in 116 foxes (98.3%), nine parasitic species are of zoonotic potential. ... | 2014 | 24570055 |
| pathological findings of angiostrongylus vasorum infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from central italy, with the first report of a disseminated infection in this host species. | in europe, the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is considered the reservoir of angiostrongylus vasorum, nematode residing in the pulmonary arteries and right heart of dogs and many species of wild carnivores. italy is considered one of the european countries where this nematode is actually spreading. between may 2007 and november 2013, 62 foxes found dead in central italy were necropsied. right heart and pulmonary arteries were opened and checked for the presence of adult parasites. impression smears fro ... | 2014 | 24532011 |
| first report of angiostrongylus vasorum and hepatozoon from a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from west virginia, usa. | angiostrongylus vasorum was identified in the lungs of a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from west virginia, united states (us), indicating a new geographical location for this metastrongylid nematode. the fox was euthanized and submitted for necropsy after displaying erratic behavior. we did not detect rabies virus or canine distemper virus from the fox. we observed bronchopneumonia associated with a. vasorum infection disseminated in both lungs. in addition, protozoal meronts were observed in the live ... | 2014 | 24412356 |
| the prevalence and impact of babesia canis and theileria sp. in free-ranging grey wolf (canis lupus) populations in croatia. | babesia spp. and theileria spp. are important emerging causes of disease in dogs. alongside these domesticated hosts, there is increasing recognition that these piroplasms can also be found in a range of wild animals with isolated reports describing the presence of these pathogen in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and captive grey wolves (canis lupus). the prevalence and impact of these infections in free-ranging populations of canids are unknown. to gain a better insight into the epidemiology and pathoge ... | 2017 | 28376903 |
| prevalence of babesia microti-like infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal. | the prevalence of piroplasm (order piroplasmida) infection was assessed in blood and bone marrow samples from 91 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from northern, central and southern portugal by means of molecular methods. pcr for the 18s rrna gene of babesia spp. followed by sequencing revealed 63 foxes positive for the babesia microti-like piroplasm (syn. theileria annae) (69.2%; 95% confidence interval [ci]: 58.7-78.5%) and one fox positive for babesia canis (1.1%; 95% ci: 0.0-6.0%). positivity to th ... | 2013 | 23352108 |
| a molecular survey of babesia spp. and theileria spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and their ticks from thuringia, germany. | wild canines which are closely related to dogs constitute a potential reservoir for haemoparasites by both hosting tick species that infest dogs and harbouring tick-transmitted canine haemoparasites. in this study, the prevalence of babesia spp. and theileria spp. was investigated in german red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and their ticks. dna extracts of 261 spleen samples and 1953 ticks included 4 tick species: ixodes ricinus (n=870), i. canisuga (n=585), i. hexagonus (n=485), and dermacentor reticul ... | 2014 | 24717451 |
| bartonella rochalimae and b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in wild carnivores from colorado, usa. | spleen samples from 292 wild carnivores from colorado, us were screened for bartonella infection. bartonella dna was detected in coyotes ( canis latrans ) (28%), striped skunks ( mephitis mephitis ) (23%), red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ) (27%), and raccoons ( procyon lotor ) (8%) but not in black bears ( ursus americanus ), gray foxes ( urocyon cinereoargenteus ), and mountain lions ( puma concolor ). two bartonella species, b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and b. rochalimae, were identified. all 10 in ... | 2016 | 27529290 |
| detection of bartonella spp. in wild carnivores, hyraxes, hedgehog and rodents from israel. | bartonella infection was explored in wild animals from israel. golden jackals (canis aureus), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), rock hyraxes (procavia capensis), southern white-breasted hedgehogs (erinaceus concolor), social voles (microtus socialis), tristram's jirds (meriones tristrami), cairo spiny mice (acomys cahirinus), house mice (mus musculus) and indian crested porcupines (hystrix indica) were sampled and screened by molecular and isolation methods. bartonella-dna was detected in 46 animals: 9 ... | 2016 | 27210612 |
| large-scale serosurvey of besnoitia besnoiti in free-living carnivores in spain. | the disease bovine besnoitiosis is responsible for severe economic losses caused by the protozoan besnoitia besnoiti. the identity of the definitive host (dh) of this parasite has yet to be determined, although it is presumed to be a carnivore. with the aim of advancing in the identification of b. besnoiti dh, a necessary step in implementing control strategies, the contact rate of 205 free-roaming carnivores with this parasite in spain was studied. the study included 16 wolves (canis lupus), 41 ... | 2012 | 22770702 |
| red fox as sentinel for blastomyces dermatitidis, ontario, canada. | blastomyces dermatitidis, a fungus that can cause fatal infection in humans and other mammals, is not readily recoverable from soil, its environmental reservoir. because of the red fox's widespread distribution, susceptibility to b. dermatitidis, close association with soil, and well-defined home ranges, this animal has potential utility as a sentinel for this fungus. | 2016 | 27314650 |
| molecular evidence of ehrlichia canis and rickettsia massiliae in ixodid ticks of carnivores from south hungary. | to monitor the emergence of thermophilic, mediterranean ixodid tick species and tick-borne pathogens in southern hungary, 348 ticks were collected from shepherd dogs, red foxes and golden jackals during the summer of 2011. golden jackals shared tick species with both the dog and the red fox in the region. dermacentor nymphs were collected exclusively from dogs, and the sequence identification of these ticks indicated that dogs are preferred hosts of both d. reticulatus and d. marginatus nymphs, ... | 2013 | 23439290 |
| antibodies to rickettsia spp. and borrelia burgdorferi in spanish wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | we examined 314 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the province of soria, spain, for rickettsia typhi, rickettsia slovaca, and borrelia burgdorferi infection. immunofluorescence assays showed 1.9% had antibodies to r. typhi, 6.7% had antibodies to r. slovaca, and 8.3% had antibodies to b. burgdorferi. serostatus was not correlated with sex or age. because red foxes can be infected by rickettsiae and b. burgdorferi, presence of red foxes may be and indicator for the presence of these pathogens. | 2016 | 26540334 |
| brucella vulpis sp. nov., isolated from mandibular lymph nodes of red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | two slow-growing, gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid bacteria (strains f60t and f965), isolated in austria from mandibular lymph nodes of two red foxes (vulpes vulpes), were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. in a recent study, both isolates were assigned to the genus brucella but could not be attributed to any of the existing species. hence, we have analysed both strains in further detail to determine their exact taxonomic position and genetic relatedness to other ... | 2016 | 26928956 |
| calodium hepaticum (nematoda: capillaridae) in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) in italy with scanning electron microscopy of the eggs. | calodium hepaticum (bancroft, 1893) moravec, 1982 (syn. capillaria hepatica) is a cosmopolitan capillariid nematode, infecting mainly rodents and occasionally other mammals, including humans. reports of c. hepaticum in canids are rare and the present one is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case in a red fox (vulpes vulpes linnaeus) in italy. scanning electron microscopy (sem) examination of the eggs of c. hepaticum allowed a precise description of the egg morphology, which is on ... | 2013 | 23724729 |
| associations between biosecurity and outbreaks of canine distemper on danish mink farms in 2012-2013. | during 8 months from july 2012 to february 2013, a major outbreak of canine distemper involving 64 mink farms occurred on the danish peninsula of jutland. the canine distemper outbreak was associated with exposure of farmed mink to infected wild carnivores and could represent a deficit in biosecurity on the mink farms. the aim of this study was to investigate the extent and association of specific biosecurity measures with the outbreak. the study was carried out in an epidemiological case-contro ... | 2015 | 26423523 |
| pathogenesis of canine distemper virus in experimentally infected raccoon dogs, foxes, and minks. | canine distemper virus (cdv) infects a broad range of carnivores and causes a highly contagious disease with severe immunosuppression. the disease severity markedly varies in different species. to investigate the pathogenesis of cdv in raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), fox (vulpes vulpes) and mink (neovison vison) species, three groups of cdv sero-negative animals were infected with cdv strain ln(10)1. this cdv strain belongs to the asia-1 genotype, which is epidemiologically predominant i ... | 2015 | 26210812 |
| rabies and canine distemper virus epidemics in the red fox population of northern italy (2006-2010). | since 2006 the red fox (vulpes vulpes) population in north-eastern italy has experienced an epidemic of canine distemper virus (cdv). additionally, in 2008, after a thirteen-year absence from italy, fox rabies was re-introduced in the udine province at the national border with slovenia. disease intervention strategies are being developed and implemented to control rabies in this area and minimise risk to human health. here we present empirical data and the epidemiological picture relating to the ... | 2013 | 23630599 |
| occurrence and geographical distribution of canine distemper virus infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) of saxony-anhalt, germany. | canine distemper virus (cdv) infects dogs and a variety of carnivore species. in saxony-anhalt, a federal state of germany, 761 foxes were examined for cdv infection, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr), in the years 2010 and 2011. a prevalence of 30.5% was found for the whole time period without significant changes in prevalence between 2010 and 2011. the relative risk (rr) of a fox to test positive for cdv varied markedly within the area of the state and was significantly increased ... | 2013 | 22999912 |
| emergence of canine distemper virus strains with modified molecular signature and enhanced neuronal tropism leading to high mortality in wild carnivores. | an ongoing canine distemper epidemic was first detected in switzerland in the spring of 2009. compared to previous local canine distemper outbreaks, it was characterized by unusually high morbidity and mortality, rapid spread over the country, and susceptibility of several wild carnivore species. here, the authors describe the associated pathologic changes and phylogenetic and biological features of a multiple highly virulent canine distemper virus (cdv) strain detected in and/or isolated from r ... | 2012 | 22362965 |
| serological and molecular epidemiology of canine adenovirus type 1 in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in the united kingdom. | canine adenovirus type 1 (cav-1) causes infectious canine hepatitis (ich), a frequently fatal disease which primarily affects canids. in this study, serology (elisa) and molecular techniques (pcr/qpcr) were utilised to investigate the exposure of free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) to cav-1 in the united kingdom (uk) and to examine their role as a wildlife reservoir of infection for susceptible species. the role of canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), primarily a respiratory pathogen, was also e ... | 2016 | 27796367 |
| infectious canine hepatitis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in wildlife rescue centres in the uk. | outbreaks of infectious canine hepatitis are described in red foxes ( italic! vulpes vulpes) at two wildlife rescue centres in the uk. disease occurred in two-month-old to four-month-old juvenile foxes, which were held in small enclosures in groups of three to eight animals. the foxes died or were euthanased after a short clinical course, sometimes including neurological signs and jaundice, with a high case fatality rate. four red foxes submitted for postmortem examination had enlarged, congeste ... | 2016 | 27001767 |
| molecular epidemiology of canine adenovirus type 1 and type 2 in free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in italy. | to date, no studies exist regarding the presence of canine adenovirus (cadv) infection in foxes in italy. furthermore, the majority of worldwide investigations regarding the presence of cadv in foxes have been carried out using common serological assays which are unable to differentiate between cadv type 1 and cadv type 2. to assess the presence of viral infection in italian red foxes (vulpes vulpes), thirty-two subjects shot during the regular hunting season in the province of pisa (tuscany, it ... | 2013 | 23201241 |
| a ten-year molecular survey on parvoviruses infecting carnivores in bulgaria. | parvoviruses represent the most important infectious agents that are responsible for severe to fatal disease in carnivores. this study reports the results of a 10-year molecular survey conducted on carnivores in bulgaria (n = 344), including 262 dogs and 19 cats with gastroenteritis, and 57 hunted wild carnivores. real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr), followed by virus characterization by minor groove binder (mgb) probe assays, detected 216 parvovirus positive dogs with a predominance of c ... | 2016 | 25382194 |
| pearsonema plica (capillaria plica) infection and associated urinary bladder pathology in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from bosnia and herzegovina. | pearsonema plica is a widely distributed nematode parasite that occurs in the urinary tract of various domestic and wild carnivores. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and geographical distribution of p. plica and associated urinary bladder pathology in 112 red foxes (70 males, 42 females; 87 adults >1 year, 25 juveniles <1 year) from six different geographical regions in bosnia and herzegovina. the urinary bladders of the red foxes were subjected to gross examination and hi ... | 2015 | 25687525 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae in a free-roaming red fox: case report and historical review on diphtheria in animals. | corynebacterium diphtheriae, the classical causative agent of diphtheria, is considered to be nearly restricted to humans. here we report the first finding of a non-toxigenic c. diphtheriae biovar belfanti strain in a free-roaming wild animal. | 2016 | 26424684 |
| toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from a free-roaming red fox (vulpes vulpes). | corynebacterium (c.) ulcerans could be isolated from the spleen of a red fox (vulpes vulpes) that had been found dead in the state of baden-württemberg, germany. pathohistological examination suggested that the fox had died of distemper, as was confirmed by pcr. the isolate was identified biochemically, by maldi-tof ms, ft-ir and by partial 16s rrna, rpob and tox gene sequencing. using the elek test the c. ulcerans isolate demonstrated diphtheria toxin production. ft-ir and sequencing data obtai ... | 2015 | 26054226 |