| [an extended ct scale technique for evaluating periprosthetic bone lesions - an in vitro study]. | in the present study the reduction of artifacts using an extended ct scale technique was examined in 5 vitallium and 5 titanium-aluminium-vanadium tumor prostheses. | 2001 | 11740670 |
| porcine enamel matrix derivative enhances trabecular bone regeneration during wound healing of injured rat femur. | to elucidate the effects of enamel matrix derivative (emd: emdogain) on bone regeneration in rat femurs after drill-hole injury, defects in bone were filled with either emd or its carrier, pga, as control. on postoperative days 4 to 28, dissected femurs were examined by means of various morphological approaches. in both experimental groups, formation of trabecular bone, which was immunostained for bone sialoproteins (bsp), had occurred in the medullary cavities at cylindrical bone defects on day ... | 2001 | 11745098 |
| effects of mechanical and thermal fatigue on dental drill performance. | osseous integration of dental implants depends on the use of proper surgical technique during site preparation, including the prevention of thermal injury to the surrounding bone. heat generation during drilling has been reported to positively correlate with the production of forces at the surgical site. in this study, peak torque and axial load levels were measured during a drilling procedure into a polymeric material simulating the human mandible. axial rotary milling was performed using 5 dif ... | 2001 | 11769832 |
| early healing processes of free tendon grafts within bone tunnels is bone-specific: a morphological study in a rabbit model. | in order to function as effective ligament replacements, free tendon grafts must become firmly healed into bone tunnels as soon as possible. we hypothesized that graft incorporation would be bone-specific. free semitendinosus tendon grafts were inserted into drill holes in a lapine medial collateral ligament reconstruction model; thus, creating tibial and femoral bone-specific incorporation sites. femur-semitendinosus tendon-tibia complexes were harvested from 26 rabbits for histological analysi ... | 2002 | 11830377 |
| drilling efficiency and temperature elevation of three types of kirschner-wire point. | an innovative kirschner (k-) wire point was developed and compared in fresh pig femora in terms of drilling efficiency and temperature elevation with the trochar and diamond points currently used in clinical practice. the tips of thermal couples were machined to the defined geometry and the temperature measured during drilling. using the same drill speed (rev/min) and feed rate, the new k-wire point produced the lowest thrust force and torque as measured by a kistler dynamometer. drill point tem ... | 2002 | 11837819 |
| root canal filling with calcium hydroxide using different techniques. | several different techniques for placing calcium hydroxide into root canals have been proposed, such as amalgam carriers, vertical pluggers, mcspadden compactors, lentulo drills, files and special syringes. because correct filling of the root canal is necessary for calcium hydroxide paste to act effectively, the aim of this research was to study different techniques of root canal filling with calcium hydroxide pastes in dog teeth. the placement of calcium hydroxide with a file, absorbent paper p ... | 2002 | 11870964 |
| compaction versus extraction drilling for fixation of the hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. | initial strength of quadrupled hamstring tendon grafts fixed with titanium interference screws was assessed in 30 pairs of porcine tibiae. bone tunnels were drilled with either compaction drilling (stepped routers) or conventional extraction drilling (cannulated drill bits). fifteen pairs of specimens were subjected to a single-cycle load-to-failure test, while the rest underwent a cyclic-loading test to further assess the quality of the fixation. no significant difference between the two drilli ... | 2002 | 11912083 |
| in vitro evaluation of the retention of composite fiber and stainless steel posts. | this study compared the tensile retentive strength of composite fiber-reinforced dowels luted with a resin cement to stainless steel dowels luted with zinc phosphate cement. | 2002 | 11935507 |
| characterizing human hand prehensile strength by force and moment wrench. | characterizing human hand capabilities or demand created by various occupational tasks or activities of daily living has been mainly accomplished by measuring the maximum force exerted on a force dynamometer in a number of standard grips, for example power, key pinch and tip pinch grips. a framework is proposed instead to characterize human hand prehensile strength in generic form by describing external force and moment wrench capability, where a wrench is a vector describing the forces and mome ... | 2001 | 11936830 |
| cell synchronization for the purposes of nuclear transfer in the bovine. | we have examined the reprogramming ability of donor fibroblast nuclei in various phases of the cell cycle, upon transfer to cytoplasts, using a bovine nuclear transfer (nt) model. bovine fetal fibroblasts were cultured in reduced serum and conditioned medium to induce quiescence (g0) and treated with nocodazole to induce m phase arrest. unsynchronized actively dividing cells (control) were mainly in g1. cells synchronized in g0, m, and g1 phase were transferred to enucleated bovine mii oocytes b ... | 2001 | 11945222 |
| induction of discolored wood in scots pine (pinus sylvestris). | induction of discolored wood in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees by treatment with ethylene, carbon dioxide, nitrogen (hypoxia) or wounding from early april to late september was investigated. all treatments induced formation of discolored wood upward and downward from the drill hole. the amount of discolored wood formed above the drill hole depended on the treatment in the following order: ethylene > carbon dioxide = nitrogen > wounding; and below the drill hole in the order: ethylene > c ... | 2002 | 11960757 |
| thermal changes observed at implant sites during internal and external irrigation. | in the preparation of osseointegrated dental implant sites, the use of bone drilling with conventional external irrigation has been shown to be thermally non-injurious to bovine bone, when employed as a model for dental implantology. the use of internal irrigation drilling systems is promoted on the basis of improved delivery of coolant to the bone/drill interface, which should subsequently improve local debridement and cooling, and therefore reduce thermal insults to the bone. the aim of this b ... | 2002 | 12010160 |
| the effect of a fibrin glue on the integration of bio-oss with bone tissue. a experimental study in labrador dogs. | bio-oss is a deproteinized bovine mineral used in bone augmentation procedures. the particles are often mixed with a protein product (tisseel) to form a mouldable graft material. | 2002 | 12060419 |
| bone blood flow response to surgical trauma. | the evolution of bone plate design has been with a view to reducing the interface contact between the plate and the underlying bone thereby limiting the perfusion deficiency that develops. little consequence, however, has been attributed to the drilling of holes in the steps prior to bone plate application; the work present herein attempts to define the vascular response of bone to the trauma of drilling holes. anaesthetized sheep underwent the creation of drill holes in both tibiae and metatars ... | 2002 | 12095727 |
| the ability of salmonella to drill holes in the aorta. | | 2002 | 12103390 |
| immunohistochemical study on pulpal response in rat molars after cavity preparation by er:yag laser. | while er:yag laser systems are in extensive use for caries removal and cavity preparation, the effects of such treatment on pulp tissue remain unclear. this study evaluates these systems using immunohistochemical methods and compares the results with information gained from treatment using conventional burs. cervical cavities were prepared in the upper first molars of rats, using either an er:yag laser or a conventional tungsten-carbide bur. at intervals of 5 min, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d aft ... | 2002 | 12120710 |
| ischemic preconditioning prior to aortic cross-clamping protects high-energy phosphate levels, glucose uptake, and myocyte contractility. | we hypothesized that indices of myocyte contractility and metabolism could be preserved with ischemic preconditioning in a model of reversible ischemia similar to that occurring during routine cardiac surgery. regional measures of metabolism and function have not been studied in conjunction with individual myocyte function during postischemic recovery of preconditioned myocardium. | 2002 | 12121702 |
| production of nuclear transfer horse embryos by piezo-driven injection of somatic cell nuclei and activation with stallion sperm cytosolic extract. | we investigated the use of direct nuclear injection using the piezo drill and activation by injection of stallion sperm cytosolic extract for production of cloned equine embryos. when metaphase ii horse oocytes were injected with either of two dosages of sperm extract and cultured 20 h, similar activation rates (88% vs. 90%) and cleavage rates (49% vs. 46%) were obtained. the successful reconstruction rate of horse oocytes with horse somatic cell donor nuclei after direct injection using the pie ... | 2002 | 12135896 |
| comparison of the pull-out forces of bioabsorbable polylactide/glycolide screws (biosorb and lactosorb) and tacks: a study on the stability of fixation in human cadaver parietal bones. | the aim of this study was to compare the pull-out forces of bioabsorbable polylactide/glycolide (plga) tacks and screws in human cadaver parietal bones. parietal bone pieces (c. 6 cm x 20 cm) were collected from five human male cadavers (age range: 47-75 years). forty-nine biosorbpdx (self-reinforced [sr] plga 80/20) tacks (1.5-mm diameter, 4.0-mm length), 47 biosorbpdx (sr-plga 80/20) screws (1.5-mm diameter, 4.0-mm length), and 46 lactosorb (plga 82/18) screws (1.5-mm diameter, 4.0-mm length) ... | 2002 | 12140419 |
| interactive radio instruction: developing instructional methods. | the usaid has, since 1972, funded the development of a new methodology for educational radio for young children through 3 projects: the radio mathematics project of nicaragua, the radio language arts project of kenya, and the radio science project of papua new guinea. these projects developed math programs for grades 1-4 and english as a second language for grades 1-3; programs to teach science in grades 4-6 are now being developed. appropriate techniques were developed to engage young childr ... | 1989 | 12283103 |
| scientists isolate key sperm protein; finding could lead to birth control drug. | researchers have isolated zona receptor kinase (zrk) as the sperm protein which makes conception possible. zrk is carried on the head of each sperm cell. when sperm come into contact with the hard shell of the human egg, the zrk molecule signals the sperm to release enzymes from its interior which drill through the egg covering, allowing the sperm to penetrate and fertilize the egg. sperm cells must penetrate the egg shell in order for fertilization to occur. defeating the action of zrk woul ... | 1995 | 12289891 |
| estrogens: why harmless as menopausal therapy but hazardous in the "pill"? | an inquiry as to why the use of estrogens in large doses has been sanctioned in a variety of therapeutic situations and condemned when used in smaller doses as contraceptives is answered by 2 consultants. dr. c.c. edwards of the u.s. food and drug administration answers that there is considerable difference between the conjugated equine estrogens used in therapy and the synthetic estrogens, ethinyl estradiol and mestranol, used in contraceptive medications. the same menopausal symptoms reliev ... | 1971 | 12332746 |
| mechanical properties of the femur filled with calcium phosphate cement under torsional loading: a model in rabbits. | we conducted an experimental study using rabbits to determine the effect of injection of calcium phosphate cement (cpc) through a small cortical window on the torsional strength of the long bone. a drill hole created in the femoral shaft and medullary curettage before cpc injection simulates the clinical procedure for managing benign bone tumors. torsional loading always produced a spiral fracture through the drill hole. the cpc-treated femurs, but not the polymethylmethacrylate-treated femurs, ... | 2002 | 12355131 |
| graft fixation with predetermined tension using a new device, the double spike plate. | to biomechanically evaluate a new fixation device, dsp (double spike plate; meira corp, nagoya, aichi, japan), for pullout graft fixation. | 2002 | 12368790 |
| suicide by a power drill. | this is the report of a 62-year-old man who committed suicide by drilling through his anterior chest wall with an electric power drill. death was caused by pericardial tamponade combined with bleeding into the pleural cavity. the skin lesion at the left hemithorax was similar to a bullet entrance wound. | 2002 | 12372689 |
| a biomechanical analysis of four different methods of harvesting bone-patellar tendon-bone graft in porcine knees. | anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of bone-patellar tendon-bone graft is commonly performed to treat functional instability of the knee after injury of the anterior cruciate ligament. patellar fracture is an underreported complication of this procedure, yet it may be a career-ending injury for a professional athlete. the purpose of this study was to design a new technique to procure the patellar bone plug when reconstructing the cruciate ligament with use of patellar tendon. | 2002 | 12377908 |
| the microwave drill. | we present a drilling method that is based on the phenomenon of local hot spot generation by near-field microwave radiation. the microwave drill is implemented by a coaxial near-field radiator fed by a conventional microwave source. the near-field radiator induces the microwave energy into a small volume in the drilled material under its surface, and a hot spot evolves in a rapid thermal-runaway process. the center electrode of the coaxial radiator itself is then inserted into the softened mater ... | 2002 | 12386331 |
| docetaxel-induced nail dystrophy. | a 73-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer treated with weekly docetaxel chemotherapy for 5 months developed an acute nail dystrophy restricted to the fingernails. this was characterized by onycholysis, subungual haemorrhage and acute paronychia, progressing to a subungual abscess of the right index finger. nail bed hyperaemia and haemosiderin-like nail bed discoloration were present. nail plate avulsion was performed to decompress the acutely painful subungual abscess. the right thumb, m ... | 2002 | 12423438 |
| compressed-air power tools in orthopaedic surgery: exhaust air is a potential source of contamination. | to determine if the exhaust from surgical compressed-air power tools contains bacteria and if the exhaust leads to contamination of sterile surfaces. | 2002 | 12439192 |
| participatory ergonomics: determining injury control "buy-in" of us army cadre. | overuse injuries account for the majority of lost duty time profiles for soldiers attending advanced individual training (ait) to become a combat medic at ft. sam houston (63% for men and 74% for women). an intervention program was initiated with two ait battalions (bn) in an effort to reduce overuse injuries. the purpose of this paper is to describe methods of tracking the participation of supervisors during the intervention program. methods used to monitor participation included recording the ... | 2002 | 12441583 |
| the effect of dentine on fluorescence measurements of enamel lesions in vitro. | this study aimed to determine the contribution of the underlying dentine and the enamel-dentine junction to measurements of mineral loss from enamel recorded using quantitative light fluorescence (qlf). sixteen square blocks (5 x 5 mm) were cut from the labial surfaces of extracted bovine incisor teeth. a dental drill was used to remove dentine and the enamel-dentine junction from half of each specimen. all specimens were embedded in epoxy resin and ground to produce a smooth, flat enamel surfac ... | 2002 | 12459608 |
| national pharmaceutical stockpile drill analysis using xml data collection on wireless java phones. | this study describes an informatics effort to track subjects through a national pharmaceutical stockpile (nps) distribution drill. the drill took place in seattle on 1/24/2002. washington and the state department of health are among the first in the nation to stage a nps drill testing the distribution of medications to mock patients, thereby testing the treatment capacity of the plan given a post-anthrax exposure scenario. the goal of the public health informatics group at the university of wash ... | 2002 | 12463848 |
| effects of gas conditions, time of medium change, and ratio of medium to embryo on in vitro development of horse oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. | this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different gas conditions (5% co(2) in air or 5% co(2), 5% o(2), 90% n(2), mixed gas), time of medium change (day 3 or 4) and ratio of medium to embryo (2, 5 or 10 microl per presumptive zygote) on the development of horse oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and cultured in g1.2/2.2 medium. oocytes from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were matured in vitro for 24 h and fertilized by injection of frozen-thawed sperm using mi ... | 2003 | 12527070 |
| use of a non-contact, infrared laser for zona drilling of mouse embryos: assessment of immediate effects on blastomere viability. | to compare the effects of using a non-contact infrared laser with acid tyrode's for zona drilling, mouse embryos were used to examine both immediate effects on blastomere viability, using fluorescent markers, and development to the blastocyst stage in vitro. preliminary experiments with isolated blastomeres established that the safe working distance for the lowest setting of the laser (pulse duration 5 ms) was 8 micro m. at the 2-cell stage, when it was possible to drill through the zona while m ... | 2001 | 12537793 |
| effect of endodontic instrument taper on post retention. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various tapers of canal preparations on the retention of posts. ninety human central or lateral mandibular incisors were prepared by removing the clinical crown at the cej and instrumenting the canals with instruments of varying tapers. the groups comprising 10 teeth each were divided as follows: taper 0.02 ni-ti hand files (control), taper 0.04 profile series 29, taper 0.06 profile series 29, taper 0.08 profile gt rotary, taper 0.10 profil ... | 2003 | 12540225 |
| appositional bone formation in marginal defects at implants. | in a previous experiment, it was demonstrated that a wide marginal defect around an implant can heal with a high degree of osseointegration. the present experiment was performed to evaluate the degree and quality of de novo bone formation and osseointegration in marginal defects adjacent to submerged titanium implants. all mandibular premolars and 1st molars were extracted in four labrador dogs. four experimental sites were identified in the right side of the mandible. in two sites, custom-made ... | 2003 | 12562359 |
| the jumping distance revisited: an experimental study in the dog. | following tooth extraction, a socket often presents dimensions that may be considerably greater that the diameter of a conventional implant. the present experiment was performed to study the healing that occurred adjacent to implants placed in recipient sites with a wide marginal defect. four labrador dogs were used. in the right side of the mandible, four experimental sites were prepared to receive titanium implants [sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (sla) surface]. traditional implant insta ... | 2003 | 12562363 |
| autologous osteoblasts enhance osseointegration of porous titanium implants. | the goal of this study was to assess the osseointegration of porous titanium implants by means of coating with autologous osteoblasts. titanium implants (8 x 5 x 4 mm) having drill channels with diameters of 400, 500, and 600 microm were coated with autologous osteoblasts obtained from spongiosa chips. the implants were inserted into the distal femora of 17 adult chinchilla bastard rabbits (group i). uncoated implants were inserted as controls in the contralateral femur (group ii). the animals w ... | 2003 | 12568951 |
| isolation of cytomegalovirus and foamy virus from the drill monkey (mandrillus leucophaeus) and prevalence of antibodies to these viruses amongst wild-born and captive-bred individuals. | drill monkeys (mandrillus leucophaeus) are an endangered species whose indigenous viral flora is largely unknown. we report here the isolation and characterization of both a cytomegalovirus (drcmv) and a foamy virus (sfv-drl) from drill monkeys. phylogenetic analysis of dna sequence data placed the drcmv within a primate cmv clade, and showed that sfv-drl was closely related to baboon foamy viruses. elisa analysis demonstrated that drcmv shared common epitopes with other primate cmvs but was dis ... | 2003 | 12607096 |
| clinical proteomics for cancer biomarker discovery and therapeutic targeting. | as we emerge into the post-genome era, proteomics finds itself as the driving force field as we translate the nucleic acid information archive into understanding how the cell actually works and how disease processes operate. even so, the traditionally held view of proteomics as simply cataloging and developing lists of the cellular protein repertoire of a cell are now changing, especially in the sub-discipline of clinical proteomics. the most relevant information archive to clinical applications ... | 2002 | 12625785 |
| enveloping the tendon graft with periosteum to enhance tendon-bone healing in a bone tunnel: a biomechanical and histologic study in rabbits. | fixing and incorporating the tendon graft within the bone tunnel is a major concern when using grafts for ligament reconstruction. the periosteum contains multipotent stem cells and has the potential to form osteogenic and chondrogenic tissues. this study uses histologic and biomechanical analyses to examine the effect of periosteum on tendon-bone healing within a bone tunnel. type of study: experimental study in an animal model. | 2003 | 12627154 |
| in vivo bone response to porous calcium phosphate cement. | we conducted an in vivo experiment to evaluate the resorption rate of a calcium phosphate cement (cpc) with macropores larger than 100 microm, using the cpc called biocement d (merck biomaterial, darmstadt, germany), which after setting only shows pores smaller than 1 microm. the gas bubble method used during the setting process created macroporosity. preset nonporous and porous cement implants were inserted into the trabecular bone of the tibial metaphysis of goats. the size of the preset impla ... | 2003 | 12635151 |
| the fixation strength of six hamstring tendon graft fixation devices in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. part ii: tibial site. | tibial fixation is more problematic than femoral fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. | 2003 | 12642250 |
| characterization and comparison of recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus from drill (mandrillus leucophaeus) and mandrill (mandrillus sphinx) isolates. | since simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) was found to be the source of the human aids pandemic, a major goal has been to characterize the diversity of siv strains in the wild and to assess their potential for crossover into humans. in the present study, siv was isolated from a seropositive drill (mandrillus leucophaeus) and three seropositive mandrills (mandrillus sphinx) by using macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). full-length sequences were obtained from a drill and mandrill an ... | 2003 | 12663793 |
| optothermal transfer simulation in laser-irradiated human dentin. | laser technology has been studied as a potential replacement to the conventional dental drill. however, to prevent pulpal cell damage, information related to the safety parameters using high-power lasers in oral mineralized tissues is needed. in this study, the heat distribution profiles at the surface and subsurface regions of human dentine samples irradiated with a nd:yag laser were simulated using crank-nicolson's finite difference method for different laser energies and pulse durations. heat ... | 2003 | 12683857 |
| nitrate distribution and denitrification in the saturated zone of paddy field under rice/wheat rotation. | nitrate concentration in well water collected from the wells near farm houses was investigated in the taihu lake basin (tbl) of china. nitrate-n content of the well water ranged from 0.1 to 23 mgnl(-1), and 41% exceeded the criteria (10 mg nl(-1)). it was found that the difference in well conditions, especially the depth of the well, was the main cause of the difference in the nitrate concentration of well water, i.e. it was higher in shallow well and lower in deeper well. a recommendation was m ... | 2003 | 12688483 |
| a biomechanical comparison of headless tapered variable pitch and ao cortical bone screws for fixation of a simulated slab fracture in equine third carpal bones. | to compare the mechanical shear strengths and stiffnesses obtained from in vitro testing of a simulated complete third carpal bone (c3) frontal plane radial facet slab fracture (osteotomy) stabilized with either a 4/5 acutrak (at) compression screw or a 4.5-mm ao cortical bone (ao) screw inserted in lag fashion. drilling, tapping, and screw insertion torques, forces, and times also were compared between at and ao implants. | 2003 | 12692762 |
| evaluation of a porous, biodegradable biopolymer scaffold for mandibular reconstruction. | bioresorbable bone graft substitutes could eliminate disadvantages associated with the use of autografts, allografts, and other synthetic materials. the authors investigated the osteoinductive capacity of a bioresorbable bone graft substitute made from the unsaturated polyester poly(propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid) (ppf) for mandibular reconstruction in a rat model. the eventual intention is to use this material either as a stand-alone bone graft substitute or as an extender to autograft harves ... | 2003 | 12705295 |
| potential application of high-resolution microfocus x-ray techniques for observation of bone structure and bone-implant interface. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential application of 2 types of microfocus x-ray units to study the bone structure around dental implants and at the bone-implant interface. | 2003 | 12705308 |
| heat distribution and heat transport in bone during radiofrequency catheter ablation. | to assess the feasibility of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in large bone tumours, the heat distribution in cortical bone and marrow around inserted electrodes was measured. | 2003 | 12721686 |
| [case reports of suicide with an electric drill]. | in this report, three cases of suicide by an electric power drill are described. in the first case, a man aged 51 was found with four penetrating wounds of the head and chest. the second case involves a 56-year-old man who suffered a penetrating craniocerebral injury and the third case involves a 53-year-old man who suffered one head injury and two chest injuries. in the first two cases, the victims were found dead. in the third case, the victim survived his injuries for 28 hours. the case histo ... | 2003 | 12722555 |
| biomechanical comparison of reconstruction techniques for disruption of the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. | injuries to the acromioclavicular joint are common. for selected injuries, operative reconstruction is recommended. the purpose of the current study was to compare three reconstruction procedures: (1) nine strands of woven polydioxanonsulphate (pds ii) suture passed through the clavicle and around the coracoid; (2) procedure no. 1 with 50% of the coracoacromioclavicular ligament placed through 2 clavicular drill holes; (3) no. 5 merselene tape passed through 2 drill holes in the clavicle and acr ... | 2002 | 12741581 |
| compaction drilling does not increase the initial fixation strength of the hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a cadaver model. | compaction of the bone tunnel walls has been proposed to increase the fixation strength of soft tissue grafts fixed with an interference screw in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. | 2003 | 12750126 |
| vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed along with its receptors during the healing process of bone and bone marrow after drill-hole injury in rats. | in this study, we investigated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) mrna along with its receptors in the healing process following rat femoral drill-hole injury. the cellular events involved in the differential expression of vegf were studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry, and in situ hybridization. abundant alkaline phosphatase-positive osteoprogenitor cells were present in the bone marrow cavity surrounding the wound region at da ... | 2003 | 12753865 |
| [anatomical landmarks and surgical limits in the suboccipital transmeatal approach to the acoustic neuroma]. | to completely remove the intracanalicular portion of the acoustic neuroma through the retrosigmoid approach, we must open the posterior wall of the internal auditory canal (iac). therefore, drilling the iac is one of the key steps we need to take in the transmeatal surgical approach. nevertheless, there are no clear anatomical landmarks to identify structures such as the semicircular canals, the jugular bulb or air cells. the individual anatomical variations and those caused by the tumour itself ... | 2003 | 12754640 |
| the use of acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold for periosteum replacement. | three preclinical models were used to evaluate graftjacket acellular periosteum replacement scaffold (wright medical technology, inc, arlington, tenn). the studies assessed the ability of the acellular dermal matrix to repopulate with cells, revascularize, provide a protected environment for bone defect restoration, and minimize fibrous tissue infiltration. an athymic nude rat muscle implantation study demonstrated a steady increase in cellular repopulation through days 2-21. the formation of bl ... | 2003 | 12755232 |
| chemical weapon functional exercise--cincinnati: observations and lessons learned from a "typical medium-sized" city's response to simulated terrorism utilizing weapons of mass destruction. | in the wake of the september 11, 2001, attacks and the subsequent anthrax scare, there is growing concern about the united states' vulnerability to terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction (wmd). as part of ongoing preparation for this terrible reality, many jurisdictions have been conducting simulated terrorist incidents to provide training for the public safety community, hospitals, and public health departments. as an example of this national effort to improve domestic preparedness for su ... | 2003 | 12766215 |
| enhancement of pedicle screw stability using calcium phosphate cement in osteoporotic vertebrae: in vivo biomechanical study. | we conducted an experimental study using female beagles with and without ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis to determine the effect of calcium phosphate cement (cpc) on the mechanical stability of inserted pedicle screws. a drill hole was created from the base of the transverse process to the vertebral body; cpc was injected into the hole, and then a screw was inserted into the same hole. in the presence of osteoporosis evidenced by dual x-ray absorptiometry, the stability of the inserted screw au ... | 2003 | 12768486 |
| evaluation of a transpedicular drill guide for pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine. | insertion of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine is technically difficult and may lead to major complications. although many computer-assisted systems have been developed to optimize pedicle screw insertion, these systems are expensive, not user-friendly and involve significant radiation from pre-operative computed tomographic (ct) scan imaging. this study describes and evaluates a transpedicular drill guide (tdg) designed to assist in the proper placement of pedicle screws in the thoracic spin ... | 2003 | 12783286 |
| model experiment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo mechanism using the whole membranous labyrinth. | whole membranous labyrinths of bullfrogs were used in order to replicate the human vestibule. the posterior semicircular canals (pscs) were exposed, leaving the remaining membranous labyrinth encapsulated in the otic capsule. vibration was applied to the surface of the bony capsule using a conventional surgical drill in order to dislodge the otoconia from the utricle. the position of the preparation was controlled so that the dislodged otoconia were attached to the cupular surface. this was rega ... | 2003 | 12797587 |
| fabrication of precise cylindrical three-dimensional tissue engineering scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo bone engineering applications. | it is sometimes necessary to form highly porous polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds into various shapes and sizes. ideally, in these cases, the three-dimensional morphology should be maintained to the outer margins of the scaffold so as to provide optimum function. many biodegradable polymeric scaffolds are soft and delicate, however, and their poor physical strength presents a challenge when cutting these materials into the required shapes. we describe a simple device that can be used quickl ... | 2003 | 12826802 |
| effects of occlusiveness of a titanium cap on bone generation beyond the skeletal envelope in the rabbit calvarium. | we evaluate the effects of occlusiveness of a titanium cap on bone generation beyond the skeletal envelope. in eight rabbits, the calvarial bone was exposed and a circular groove was prepared with a trephine drill. after marrow penetration, a standardized hemispherical titanium cap, either with or without small holes (1.5 mm in diameter), was then placed into the bone and covered by a cutaneous flap. after 1 month or 3 months of healing, the animals were euthanized and examined histologically. t ... | 2003 | 12869008 |
| the efficacy of trovafloxacin versus ceftriaxone in the treatment of experimental brain abscess/cerebritis in the rat. | current estimates of the mortality associated with brain abscesses range from 0-24%, with neurological sequellae in 30-55% of survivors. although the incidence of brain abscess appears to be increasing, likely due to an increase in the population of immunosuppressed patients, the condition is still sufficiently uncommon to make human clinical trials of therapy problematic. an animal model to study the efficacy of new treatment regimens, specifically, new antimicrobial agents is therefore necessa ... | 2003 | 12888116 |
| synovial fluid depletion: successful arthrodesis without operative cartilage removal. | operative arthrodesis has been thought to require surgical removal of remaining joint cartilage, but we have found in rabbits that even a joint with intact cartilage can fuse if rigidly fixed. this may enable new percutaneous techniques for arthrodesis. rigid adaptation of the joint surfaces deprives the cartilage of mechanical stimulation and depletes the cells of synovial fluid transport of oxygen and nutrition. to better understand the requirements for successful arthrodesis, we studied the h ... | 2003 | 12898315 |
| [computer-assisted retrograde drilling of osteochondritic lesions of the talus with the help of fluoroscopic navigation]. | due to the narrow access to the talar dome and the proximity of osteochondritic lesions to the joint surface, the therapeutic retrograde drilling often requires multiple attempts and repeated intraoperative x-ray-control. the advantages of a fluoroscopy-based computer-assisted navigation system regarding efficient planning and easy performance of the ideal drill path are evaluated in respect to accuracy and radiation exposure, as well as to time requirements. | 2003 | 12929004 |
| identification of resected root-end dentinal cracks: a comparative study of visual magnification. | the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of visual enhancements as aids in identifying artificially created dentinal cracks in resected root ends. fifty human maxillary central incisors were decoronated, and the root canals were instrumented to iso size 50 at the working length. the apical 3 mm of the roots were resected, and cracks were artificially created in the apical dentin with an average load of 5.6 kg using a cylindrical wedge in a miniature drill ... | 2003 | 12929699 |
| insect attack and wounding induce traumatic resin duct development and gene expression of (-)-pinene synthase in sitka spruce. | conifers possess inducible terpenoid defense systems. these systems are associated with the formation of traumatic resin ducts (trd) and are underpinned by enhanced gene expression and activity of terpene synthases (tps), enzymes responsible for oleoresin formation. we first determined that sitka spruce (picea sitchensis [bong.] carriere) had the capacity for trd formation by mechanically wounding representative trees. we then proceeded to investigate whether the white pine weevil (pissodes stro ... | 2003 | 12970502 |
| [susceptibility of cercopithecus mona nigripes and papio leucophaeus monkeys to lansing polio virus]. | | 1953 | 13148711 |
| the complete life cycle of a new strain of plasmodium gonderi from the drill (mandrillus leucophaeus), including its sporogony in anopheles aztecus and its pre-erythrocytic schizogony in the rhesus monkey. | | 1958 | 13625369 |
| studies on loiasis in monkeys. iii. the pathology of the spleen in drills (mandrillus leucophaeus) infected with loa. | | 1960 | 13724871 |
| studies on loiasis in monkeys. ii.--the population dynamics of the microfilariae of loa in experimentally infected drills (mandrillus leucophaeus). | | 1960 | 13818527 |
| [the use of the foreign body drill for the creation of purely epithelial forms of experimental corneal inoculation with herpes simplex in animals]. | | 1964 | 14251504 |
| high-speed drill for biopsies in man. | | 1965 | 14253641 |
| in vivo characterization of piezoelectric transducers for implantable hearing aids. | piezoelectric bimorph transducers may be used at the input stage of implantable hearing aids to convert ossicle vibrations into electrical waveforms, and at the output stage to convert electrical signals into mechanical motion that drives the ossicles. this study assessed transducer performance in anesthetized, acutely implanted cats using computer-averaged, laser-doppler vibrometer measures and cochlear potentials. | 2003 | 14501457 |
| the effect of passive ultrasonic activation of 2% chlorhexidine or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite irrigant on residual antimicrobial activity in root canals. | ninety-four single-canal roots were prepared using the step-down technique. forty-two canals were irrigated with 2% chlorhexidine, 42 canals with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (naocl), and 10 control canals with phosphate-buffered saline (pbs). the chlorhexidine and naocl groups were each then equally divided into a final irrigation group and a 1-min passive ultrasonic irrigation group. canals were enlarged with a parapost drill. the apical 3-5 mm was covered with nail polish. canals were rinsed wit ... | 2003 | 14503827 |
| establishment of a model of cortical bone repair in mice. | a model of cortical bone repair has been established for use in mice. the cortical defect consisted of a hole drilled through the entire diameter of the tibial diaphysis. the hematoma that initially filled the drill site was invaded by cells of mesenchymal appearance within 5 days of injury. trabeculae of mineralized woven bone were present throughout the drill site by day 9. a reaction in the periosteum adjacent to the drill site, consisting of both new bone and cartilage formation, preceded de ... | 2003 | 14506954 |
| localized insulin-like growth factor i delivery to enhance new bone formation. | insulin-like growth factor i (igf i) exerts an important role during skeletal growth and bone formation. therefore, its localized delivery appears attractive for the treatment of bone defects. to prolong igf i delivery, we entrapped the protein into biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres (plga ms) and evaluated the potential of this delivery system for new bone formation in two defect models of ovine long bones, i.e., a 8-mm methaphyseal drill hole and a 10-mm segmental tibia defe ... | 2003 | 14555272 |
| in vitro assessment of retention of four esthetic dowels to resin core foundation and teeth. | several new esthetic dowel systems are currently available for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth. these dowel systems enhance the esthetic quality of all-ceramic restorations better than metallic dowel systems. | 2003 | 14668755 |
| the role of human patient simulators in health-care training. | the use of human patient simulators in uk health-care training is increasing. these devices are educational tools for imparting knowledge, teaching technical skills, drill training and human factors training for single or multidisciplinary groups. this article explores some of the ways in which they are used, illustrated with examples of simulation training at barts and the london medical simulation centre. | 2003 | 14671881 |
| use of a three-drill-tract technique for arthrodesis of the distal tarsal joints in horses with distal tarsal osteoarthritis: 54 cases (1990-1999). | to assess the long-term clinical outcome of horses with distal tarsal osteoarthritis (oa) in which a 3-drill-tract technique was used to induce arthrodesis of the affected joints, identify any preoperative or operative factors associated with outcome, and describe any complications associated with the technique. | 2003 | 14690210 |
| growth behavior, matrix production, and gene expression of human osteoblasts in defined cylindrical titanium channels. | the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of different diameters of cylindrical titanium channels on human osteoblasts. titanium samples having continuous drill channels with diameters of 300, 400, 500, 600, and 1000 microm were put into osteoblast cell cultures that were isolated from 12 adult human trauma patients. cell migration into the drill channels was investigated by transmitted-light microscopy. the dna content in the drill channels was measured photometrically, col ... | 2004 | 14704974 |
| experimental robotic milling in skull-base surgery. | in the field of otorhinolaryngology, a variety of skull implants have been developed to assist hearing-impaired or even deaf patients. the first step in the implantation procedure, and also in lateral skull-base surgery, is to drill the calvarian or mastoid bone. we intended to investigate the hitherto unknown parameters for performing this procedure and to establish the first set-up for robotic milling of the lateral skull base. | 2003 | 14708758 |
| laser-induced temperature changes in dentine. | the purpose of this work is to study the temperature rise and potential thermal damage caused during ablation of human dentine using a super pulsed carbon dioxide laser of 9.6-microm wavelength, equipped with a water-cooling spray and scanner system. | 2003 | 14709223 |
| drill cutting accumulations in the northern and central north sea: a review of environmental interactions and chemical fate. | the exploration and production of north sea oil and gas reserves has resulted in the accumulation of large quantities of drill cuttings on the seabed surrounding drill sites. this complex mixture of man-made and natural substances contains higher concentrations of certain metals (ba, cr, cu, ni, pb, and zn) and hydrocarbons than are observed in background sediments. with decommissioning of older platforms underway, an evaluation of the environmental interactions and chemical fate of the drill cu ... | 2004 | 14725872 |
| [growth and differentiation factor 5 (gdf-5) composite improves the healing of necrosis of the femoral head in a sheep model. analysis of an animal model]. | after creation of necrosis in 23 sheep, the composites were implanted in half of the animals. the animals were sacrificed 6 and 12 weeks after implantation and the femora were harvested. the specimens were investigated by microradiography, computed tomography, and histologically. | 2004 | 14747913 |
| phylogenetic analysis of siv derived from mandrill and drill. | sivmnd was isolated from mandrills in gabon in 1989 soon after the existence of simian counterparts of hiv such as sivmac and sivagm was known. since then the sivmnd has been long considered as an independent siv lineage and the natural host is the mandrill. however this initial finding turned out to be more complex by the recent finding of new siv isolated from mandrills living in northern mandrill habitat, and other siv isolated from drills and other species. one fact which made these findings ... | 2004 | 14766387 |
| manual punch versus power harvesting of osteochondral grafts. | the purpose of the study was to analyze the effect on chondrocyte viability of 2 existing methods of harvesting osteochondral grafts used for articular cartilage resurfacing. | 2004 | 15007320 |
| resolution of bone defects of varying dimension and configuration in the marginal portion of the peri-implant bone. an experimental study in the dog. | it was demonstrated that a marginal defect of about 1 mm between the bone wall and the metal surface after implant installation can heal with a high degree of bone fill and osseointegration. objective: the aim of the present animal experiment was to study bone healing at implant sites with hard tissue defects of varying dimensions and configuration. | 2004 | 15016260 |
| evaluation of the washington state national pharmaceutical stockpile dispensing exercise, part ii--dispensary site worker findings. | on january 24, 2002, the washington state department of health, in collaboration with local and federal agencies, conducted an exercise of the centers for disease control and prevention's national pharmaceutical stockpile dispensing portion of the washington state plan. this exercise included predrill planning, training, and the orchestration of services of more than 40 dispensary site workers. these workers provided education and post-exposure prophylaxis for over 230 patient volunteers in the ... | 2004 | 15018345 |
| an application of visible human database in radiotherapy: tutorial for image guided external radiotherapy (tiger). | three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity modulated radiotherapy allow accurate dose delivery on target volumes. due to the different background among specialists involved in target volume definition, the contouring emerges as one of the most questionable steps in treatment planning procedures. a software tool devoted to contouring training, named tutorial for image guided external radiotherapy ('tiger'), based on the visible human project images data-set, is described. | 2004 | 15028403 |
| time-lapse recordings of human corneal epithelial healing. | the aim of this study was to design an experimental set-up for the study of human corneal epithelial wound healing in a controlled in vitro situation. | 2004 | 15043538 |
| the microbiology of drill mud cuttings from a new off-shore oilfield in nigeria. | drilling-fluid-utilising microorganisms present in drill mud cuttings collected from the agbara oilfield were isolated on mineral salts agar plates. thirty-two isolates were obtained, 26 of which were gram-positive bacteria and six fungi. the isolates were identified as bacillus sp. (10), staphylococcus sp. (12), micrococcus sp. (2), corynebacterium sp. (1), nocardia sp. (1), and penicillium sp. (6). screen tests indicated that 27 (84.4%) of the isolates did not grow with any of the drilling flu ... | 1993 | 15091784 |
| mechanical interface conditions affect morphology and cellular activity of sclerotic bone rims forming around experimental loaded implants. | a characteristic bony structure found at revision surgery for failed joint replacement, and implicated as being associated with poorer subsequent implant fixation, is a sclerotic bone rim (sb rim). this study is a histomorphometric analysis of the sb rim formed around an experimental canine micro-motion implant system under stable or unstable conditions with polyethylene (pe) particles, after 8 weeks. a point count histomorphometric analysis was performed to determine the cellular activity at th ... | 2004 | 15099647 |
| surgical intervention in enchondral and membranous bone: intraindividual comparisons in the rabbit. | the long bones, which are of enchondral origin, are often used in histologic evaluations of dental implants that clinically will be placed in bones of membranous origin. | 2003 | 15127997 |
| application of carbon dioxide and erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet lasers in inner ear surgery: an experimental study. | surgery of the inner ear requires atraumatic techniques to preserve the sensory structures of the inner ear. with modern laser technology, surgery can be performed without mechanical contact, reducing the risk of direct mechanical trauma. however, energy transfer by laser light has the potential to induce damage by heating, pressure waves, or direct irradiation, depending on the properties of the laser and parameters of application. | 2004 | 15129125 |
| the influence of a biomaterial on the closure of a marginal hard tissue defect adjacent to implants. an experimental study in the dog. | the present experiment was performed to determine the influence of bio-oss on hard tissue formation at sites that, following implant installation, presented a 1-1.25 mm wide marginal defect. | 2004 | 15142090 |
| effects of fibrin sealant protein concentrate with and without platelet-released growth factors on bony healing of cortical mandibular defects. an experimental study in minipigs. | in this study, the effects of fibrin sealant protein concentrate (fspc; from the tissucol kit, baxter, vienna, austria) with and without platelet-released growth factors (prgf) on bony healing of cortical mandibular defects were investigated. defects made in the facial mandibular wall of eight adult minipigs with a hollow drill were filled with fspc alone, a mix of fspc+prgf or left untreated as controls. the animals were killed 4 and 8 weeks later. specimens were processed for histology with th ... | 2004 | 15142092 |
| rapidly prototyped temporal bone model for otological education. | the anatomy of the temporal bone is extremely complicated. if a three-dimensional model could be simulated, it would greatly contribute to the stereoscopic understanding of anatomy and surgery. a simulated three-dimensional model of a human temporal bone was prototyped using the selective laser sintering method. the model could be shaved using a surgical drill in the same way as in real surgery. a magnified model was particularly useful for the instruction of anatomy and surgery. when a transluc ... | 2004 | 15162002 |
| adopting 540-degree fusion to correct cervical kyphosis. | two cases of severe cervical spine kyphotic deformity resulting from late effects of infection were successfully corrected by combined anterior and posterior instrumentations in a single operative sitting. | 2004 | 15165782 |
| prostaglandin e2 receptor (ep4) selective agonist (ono-4819.cd) accelerates bone repair of femoral cortex after drill-hole injury associated with local upregulation of bone turnover in mature rats. | prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) is essential for fracture healing. systemic administration of ep4 ligands such as pge(2) and other synthetic ep4 agonists appears to transduce anabolic signals by binding to receptor ep4. therefore, the present study was designed to test whether administration of ep4 agonist accelerates the healing of drill-hole injury in the femoral diaphysis. after surgery, a total of 128 wistar rats, at the age of 12 weeks, were assigned to basal control (n = 8), and three groups w ... | 2004 | 15193540 |