Publications

sleep in macaca arctoides and the effects of prazosin.	polygraphic (eeg, eog, emg) 12-hr recordings were made in 3 adult monkeys (macaca arctoides) to document their normal sleep pattern and to examine the effects of prazosin, an alpha-1-adrenoceptor antagonist. in comparison to man, rem episodes appeared at shorter intervals (50 min) and they always ended in movement arousal or waking up. as in man the proportion of deep sleep decreased and the proportion of rem sleep increased towards morning. during eight hours after parenteral administration of ...	1986	3016775
monkeys infected with ascaris suum (a new in vivo model of airway disease): protective effect of nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate against bronchial antigen challenge.	the experimental infection of macaca arctoides monkeys with the nematode parasite ascaris suum induces an ige-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reaction similar to that seen in naturally sensitive animals. in the present study, the effects of inhalation of ascaris suum antigen on lung function in infected monkeys were investigated, together with the effects of aerosolized nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate (each 4 mg) given 5 min prior to antigen challenge. ascaris suum-infected macaca ...	1986	3021491
cloning and characterization of budgerigar fledgling disease virus, an avian polyomavirus.	the dna of a virus isolated from fledgling budgerigars, designated bfdv, was cloned and analyzed with regard to its relationship to the polyomavirus subgroup of the papovavirus family. under relaxed conditions, the dna of bfdv cross-hybridized with the dnas of members of the polyomavirus subgroup, such as the mouse polyomavirus, the monkey viruses simian virus 40, stump-tailed macaque virus, and lymphotropic papovavirus, and the human viruses jcv and bkv. under stringent conditions, however, no ...	1986	3010557
effects of an lh-releasing hormone antagonist on the secretion of lh, fsh, prolactin and ovarian steroids at different stages of the luteal phase in the stumptailed macaque (macaca arctoides).	the role of the pituitary gonadotrophins in controlling luteal function in the stumptailed macaque has been investigated by examining profiles of serum concentrations of lh, fsh, progesterone and oestradiol in daily blood samples from 13 monkeys during the menstrual cycle, and in blood samples taken at hourly intervals between 09.00 and 21.00 h on different days of the luteal phase in 13 cycles. the effects of acute withdrawal of gonadotrophins was investigated by administering a single injectio ...	1986	3097236
a comparison of the karyotypes of six species of the genus macaca and a species of the genus cercocebus.	karyotypes from 72-hour whole blood cultures were compared for six species of macaques (macaca arctoides, m. fascicularis, m. mulatta, m. nemestrina, m. nigra, and m. radiata) and one species of mangabey (cercocebus atys). g-bands, sequential c-bands, and late replication patterns were studied. results showed a variation in a single chromosome pair which differentiated c. atys from the macaques. heteromorphic variation in silver stained nucleolar organizing regions was seen between and within in ...	1986	3804105
the effects of clonidine on food consumption and food competition in male stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).	the effects of clonidine on noncompetitive and competitive feeding were examined in three adult male stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). noncompetitive feeding was examined when the subjects were individually-caged or group-caged. clonidine (1.0 mg/kg) administered im substantially increased food consumption over control values in all subjects in both housing situations. the effects of clonidine on competitive feeding behavior were evaluated in the group-caged environment. food competition wa ...	1986	3737626
heterosexual experience and isosexual behavior in laboratory-housed male stump-tailed macaques (m. arctoides).	three feral-born male stump-tailed macaques were housed together for 9 years from prepubertal age. the animals were then transferred to another laboratory and housed individually. they were pair-tested with each other (isosexual tests) and with females (heterosexual tests) for the first time in their adult lives. the study revealed that these males preferred females as sexual partners. they preferred each other as groom partner. the heterosexual experience did not drastically alter sociosexual b ...	1986	3524510
baculum length and copulatory behavior in primates.	the length of the baculum (os penis) was measured in 74 adult males representing 46 primate species. these data, and a review of previously published measurements, indicate that variation in baculum length among primates is related to taxonomic and behavioral differences. thus, many new world monkeys have shorter bacula, relative to body weight, than old world monkeys. the baculum is shorter in colobine monkeys than in cercopithecines. among the great apes, reduction of the baculum is more prono ...	1987	31973483
hemodynamic and echocardiographic evaluation of the stumptailed macaque: a potential nonhuman primate model for pulmonary vascular disease.	stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides) were evaluated as to their suitability as an animal model for pulmonary hypertension. animals used for this study were colony-bred. necropsy material from 63 animals revealed 32% with severe medial thickening of pulmonary arteries. twenty-nine stumptailed macaques underwent cardiac catheterization and m-mode echocardiography. hemodynamic measurement including pulmonary artery pressure response to 12% oxygen exposure identified three groups of animals with ...	1987	3612762
action of topical minoxidil in the bald stump-tailed macaque.	the effect of topical minoxidil (5% and 2% solutions) on hair regrowth was studied in the frontal bald scalp of 18 adolescent and adult stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides). gross observation of the hairiness and folliculogram analysis of the skin biopsy specimens have shown that minoxidil induces the enlargement of vellus follicles to the size of middle to terminal follicles (regrowth of hair effect), minoxidil maintains the terminal follicles in the prebald scalp of periadolescent animals ...	1987	3558911
comparison of treatments for psorergates mites in stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).		1987	3586598
blood variables in adult stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) living in a captive group; annual variability.	monthly blood samples were collected for more than two years from adult stumptail macaques living in a large captive group. the social organization, feeding pattern, and food composition were stable throughout the study period. no seasonal variability was observed for any of the 30 blood variables studied. it appeared that for each variable, within-animal variance was small relative to between-animal variance. a table of means and reference ranges is presented and discussed.	1987	3625757
studies on the vasoocclusive crisis of sickle cell disease. iii. in vitro and in vivo effect of the pyrimido-pyrimidine derivative, ra-233: studies on its mechanism of action.	red cell deformability was found to be impaired in ss- and sc-genotype and to a lesser extent sa-genotype red blood cells as compared with those of aa-genotype. ra-233 in vitro improved deformability according to a bell-shaped dose-response curve. ra-233 also prevented experimental vasoocclusive crisis in macaca arctoides. deoxygenation of ss-genotype red cells resulted in sickle shape transformation, atp depletion, potassium efflux, and attachment of hemoglobin molecules to the membrane. these ...	1987	3480932
physiological aspects of puberty in group-living stumptail monkeys (macaca arctoides).	physiological changes around the time of puberty were studied in a longitudinal manner in male and female stumptail macaques. in the male, testicular descent (mean age 3.3 years) is an early sign of puberty, which coincides with onset of the pubertal spurt in body weight and testis growth and precedes the pubertal rise in plasma testosterone. in the female no clear external signs of puberty have been found. measurements of plasma progesterone yielded proof of first ovulation (mean age 3.7 years) ...	1987	3685152
behavioral observations of sensory substitution in neonate macaques (macaca arctoides).	the ability of neonate macaque monkeys to learn to respond to artificial spatial sensory information was studied through the use of compact, head-worn, electronic spatial sonars with audible displays, which translate spatial information into auditory dimensions specifying distance, direction, and surface characteristics. three animals were born in the dark and raised without vision for 1 to 3 months while wearing either the binaural sensory aid (animal 1; kay, 1974) or the trisensor (animals 2 a ...	1987	3675854
mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in a colony of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).	mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection was documented in a colony of stumptail macaque monkeys (macaca arctoides), with 29 (76%) of 38 monkeys infected and shedding organisms in feces. thirteen deaths have occurred during the past five years. animals without overt clinical disease were shedding as many as 2 x 10(6) colony-forming units of m. paratuberculosis/g of feces. intestinal tissues from animals dying of this disease contained up to 10(8) colony-forming units of m. paratuberculosis/g of ...	1987	3559275
late effects of early binocular visual deprivation on the function of brodmann's area 7 of monkeys (macaca arctoides).	it has been shown earlier that binocular visual deprivation during the early sensitive period of life reduces the representation of visual functions in the posterior parietal association cortex of monkeys, in brodmann's area 7 (exp. brain res., 42 (1981) 1-8). moreover, the representation of somatic functions increases suggesting that competitive mechanisms between the inputs from different modalities function during the early sensitive period of life in area 7. the aim of the present study was ...	1987	3594262
low-dose aspirin protects against lipid accumulation in primate vein bypass grafts.	platelet inhibition with high-dose aspirin combined with dipyridamole reduces lipid accumulation and improves early patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. however, recent evidence suggests that platelet inhibition can be achieved with substantially lower aspirin doses than have been conventionally prescribed. to evaluate whether low-dose aspirin protects against lipid accumulation in bypass grafts, we studied 15 stump-tailed macaque monkeys in which autologous cephalic veins were grafted into ...	1987	3613624
congenital malformations and twinning in a breeding colony of old world monkeys.	clinical and necropsy records of malformations in old world monkeys were compiled. the numbers of malformations and birth incidence rate for each species were: rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) 3 (1.02%); cynomolgus macaque (macaca fascicularis) 11 (1.62%); stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides) 3 (1.55%); african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) 4 (1.5%). there was one pair of rhesus twins (twinning rate: 0.34%). cardiovascular and central nervous system lesions accounted for 55% of all malfor ...	1987	3695398
[signs of natural infection with hepatitis a in brown macaques (macaca arctoides)].	the results of examinations of stump-tailed monkeys (m. arctoides) held in captivity are presented. the presence and levels of anti-hav and anti-hav class m in the blood sera of monkeys were determined by the enzyme-immunoassay (eia), and alanine aminotransferase (aiat) activity was measured. hav in stool specimens collected from the monkeys was detected by immune electron microscopy and eia. in the first examination, 2 out of 10 monkeys were found to have anti-hav and one of them to have anti-h ...	1987	2829437
behavior of monkeys during opiate withdrawal and locus coeruleus stimulation.	the noradrenergic nucleus locus coeruleus (lc) has been implicated in morphine withdrawal. the behavioral effects of opiate antagonist-precipitated morphine withdrawal in chair-restrained macaca arctoides were therefore compared with lc electrical field stimulation. both continuous lc stimulation and administration of low doses of naloxone to morphine pellet implanted monkeys produced a significant increase in the same group of behaviors reported previously to follow activation of the lc, withou ...	1988	3174735
predictive structure-activity relationships in a series of pyranoquinoline derivatives. a new primate model for the identification of antiallergic activity.	a new primate model has been developed for the evaluation of antiallergic agents. compounds are tested for their ability to inhibit anti-ige induced histamine release from the bronchoalveolar mast cells lavaged from the lungs of macaca arctoides infected with the parasite ascaris suum. a number of 6-substituted pyranoquinoline derivatives have been evaluated and the activities were subjected to hansch analysis. a highly significant correlation with lipophilicity (pi) and hammett sigma p values w ...	1988	2455052
increase in retinal vasoactive intestinal polypeptide after eyelid fusion in primates.	lids were fused in six neonatal and one adult macaque monkey (macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides) and were kept fused for 1 to 18.5 months. the juvenile macaques, but not the adult one, developed myopia due to excessive elongation of the eye. in all animals, the immunohistochemical reactivity of the retina for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) was much higher in the closed than in the open eyes. the neuropeptide was localized to the perikaryon and dendrites of amacrine cells. no differenc ...	1988	2448769
fetal gender and aggression in pregnant stumptail monkeys (macaca arctoides).	agonistic behaviors of pregnant female stumptail monkeys, members of a large, well-integrated group continuously living together, were studied during 480 observation hours (over 32 months). a total of 28 pregnancies of 20 females occurred, resulting in 12 male and 16 female live infants. the main finding was a significant decline in aggression, both received and performed, during the course of pregnancy. there was no clear unequivocal effect of fetal gender on aggressive behavior of the mothers- ...	1988	3371559
behavioral aspects of puberty in group-living stumptail monkeys (macaca arctoides).	behavioral changes before and around the time of puberty were studied in a longitudinal manner in male and female stumptail monkeys. around the time of testicular descent (mean age: 3.3 years) males started to become more aggressive towards adult males. within two years following testicular descent males rose in rank with the support of others and reached stable (sub)top positions in the dominance hierarchy. in the female rank-stabilization took place gradually between one year before and two ye ...	1988	3406153
[the occurrence of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in primates of the species macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides in a laboratory animal facility].		1988	3401207
[the immune structure and specific laboratory indices of acute hepatitis a in lower monkeys of the sukhumi nursery].	the study of the rate of occurrence of hepatitis a (ha) markers among monkeys, both newly arriving and those born and living for long periods (aboriginals) in the sukhumi farm, was carried out. the rate of detection of antibody to hav (anti-hav) was shown to vary from 47% (papio hamadryas) to 100% (macaca arctoides and macaca fascicularis). the level of infection with hav varied among different groups of the same species: macaca rhesus from 30% to 96%, papio hamadryas from 0 to 82%. during a lon ...	1988	2854676
a scanning electron microscope study of monkey maturation-stage ameloblasts.	the maturation-stage enamel organs of macaca arctoides and macaca mulatta were examined in order to determine whether the cells were similar to those of the continuously erupting rat incisor. tooth buds of the permanent dentition were fixed in formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde and post-fixed in oso4. the enamel organs were separated from the enamel during dehydration, critical-point-dried, metal-coated, and examined in a scanning electron microscope. the results showed that there were few differences ...	1988	3183157
wounding patterns in three species of captive macaques.	the incidence of wounding in captive groups of rhesus (macaca mulatta), pigtail (m. nemestrina), and stumptail (m. arctoides) macaques was studied for 21 months. groups were monitored daily for evidence of wounding. wounded animals were captured, treated by veterinary staff, and returned following recovery. records were kept on the age, sex, and species of the recipient, along with the type and location of wound. in each species of macaque, adult males incurred the highest frequency of wounds an ...	1988	31973451
social interactions following parturition in stumptail macaques.	the social behavior of six female stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) living in a social group of 23-29 individuals was monitored before and after parturition and was compared to the social interactions of six nonpregnant females. pregnant and control females did not differ in terms of affiliative and most types of agonistic behavior performed or received. after parturition, new mothers interacted with more group members than did control females. new mothers received more grooming initiations ...	1988	31968892
a twenty-year study of long-term and temporary dominance relations among stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).	consistent individual differences in long-term dominance are a basic underlying assumption of hypotheses linking dominance and reproductive success. long-term and temporary dominance of a colony group of stumptailed macaques was studied for 20 years. there were two variously constituted groups for the first 4 years and a single group for the last 16. stumptails displayed the matrilineal dominance organization found for several other cercopithecine species. a method was devised to standardize ran ...	1989	31964015
[microbiological development studies in a clinically healthy, closed primate colony (macaca mulatta, macaca arctoides) after the establishment of a salmonella infection].	a case of a salmonella infantis septicemia in a primate (macaca mulatta) probably induced by shipment stress gave rise to microbiological examination of fecal samples from all animals of a since 1976 closed colony of macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides. during 3 investigations carried out in 3 week intervals salmonella-positive animals were separated immediately from the stock. at the first examination 3 of 52, and at the second 2 of 49 samples were found to be salmonella-positive. at the third ...	1989	2781877
scanning electron microscopy of monkey secretory- and transitional-stage enamel organ cells.	this scanning electron microscope (sem) study of secretory- and transitional-stage enamel organ cells of the permanent dentition of macaca mulatta and macaca arctoides was undertaken because the topography of these cells in primates has not been described in the literature. comparison of our results with murine enamel organ morphology reported previously revealed not only many similarities, but also some significant differences. tooth buds of the permanent dentition were routinely prepared for s ...	1989	2632602
deprived somatosensory-motor experience in stumptailed monkey neocortex: dendritic spine density and dendritic branching of layer iiib pyramidal cells.	infant macaque monkeys (macaca arctoides) were individually raised to age 6 months in large clear cubes built into one wall of a control colony that allowed them visual access to it but not tactile contact. the two deprivation conditions (cond 2 and cond 3) were equal both in physical size and with respect to partial social isolation. they differed in the degree of somatosensory-motor opportunity available during development in that the cond 2 chamber was empty, whereas cond 3 contained ladders, ...	1989	2794116
complete primary structure of statherin, a potent inhibitor of calcium phosphate precipitation, from the saliva of the monkey, macaca arctoides.	human saliva, which is supersaturated with respect to basic calcium phosphate salts, is stabilized primarily by the presence of two classes of phosphoproteins, statherin and the acidic proline-rich proteins (prp). these molecules act by inhibiting both primary (spontaneous) precipitation of calcium phosphates in saliva and secondary (surface induced) precipitation of these salts onto dental enamel. the complete amino-acid sequences of several human prp and the n-terminal sequence of prp from sal ...	1989	2613439
[the structure and patterns of support in the encounters of the brown macaque (macaca arctoides)].	aid and cooperation in agonistic encounters have been studied in two groups of stumptail macaques keeping in the open-air cages of nature type. the basic agonistic ranks are found and the cases of aid in encounters are classified. a quantitative analysis using the coefficient reflecting the individual rank, kin and frequency of different aids is carried out. the existence of mechanisms of aggression removal within group is revealed, the role of individual ranks and kin in keeping stability in gr ...	1989	2611299
self and social grooming in stump-tailed macaques: effects of kin presence or absence within the group.	the relation between individual self and social-grooming scores, asaessingthe effects of having or lacking relatives within the group, was studied in a colony of stump-tailed macaques (macacaarctoides). as it has been shown by other authors, kinship favoured grooming interactions, so animals lacking relatives wen seldom mom as groomees. conversely, these subjects accounted for the major mounts of self-grooming, as if they were surmounting the social grooming deficit. this negative relationship b ...	1989	24897669
sex differences in intra-group spacing behaviour in stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).		1989	2807092
the effects of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa) on copulation-related and agonistic behaviors in an island colony of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).	this study examined the effects on copulation-related and agonistic behaviors of repeated dmpa (depo-provera) treatment of adult females in a heterosexual island colony of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). comparison of mean rates revealed a decrease in male approach to females and dominant male following of females after they were treated with dmpa. as treatment did not affect female genital present, female approach or follow of males, we conclude, consistent with earlier results, that dmp ...	1990	2141692
comparative vaginal spermicidal studies in the stumptailed macaque with alkyloxynol-741, nonoxynol-9 and chlorhexidine.	alkyloxynol-741 ("agent 741") is used in the people's republic of china as a substitute for nonoxynol-9 in vaginal contraceptive formulations. however, no studies are available that compare the effectiveness of these agents as vaginal spermicides. for this reason, dissolvable polyvinylalcohol (pva) films were prepared containing various concentrations of alkyloxynol-741 and nonoxynol-9. films were also prepared containing chlorhexidine, a potentially new vaginal contraceptive agent. postcoital v ...	1990	1964633
inhibin secretion after treatment with an lhrh agonist and subsequent ovarian hyperstimulation induced by fsh in the macaque (macaca arctoides).	the effect of ovarian hyperstimulation with 'pure' fsh on serum concentrations of immunoreactive inhibin in macaques in which endogenous gonadotrophin secretion and ovarian activity had been suppressed by an lhrh agonist implant was studied. four stump-tailed macaques were treated with an lhrh agonist implant in the early follicular phase of the cycle. after a transient stimulatory phase oestradiol secretion was markedly suppressed, and the rises in progesterone and inhibin observed after ovulat ...	1990	2119427
the effects of topical diazoxide on hair follicular growth and physiology of the stumptailed macaque.	diazoxide, an anti-hypertensive agent, has diverse pharmacologic effects; hypertrichosis, hyperglycemia associated with suppression of insulin release, and elevation of serum levels of androgens. taking advantage of the hypertrichotic side effects of diazoxide, we examined the effect of topical application of the drug on hair regrowth in the bald frontal scalp of stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides); we also monitored systemic side effects. using 7 adult stumptails, we applied diazoxide (5% s ...	1990	2085505
the complete nucleotide sequence of bovine polyomavirus.	the complete sequence of the genome of bovine polyomavirus (bpyv), formerly known as the ck isolate of the stump-tailed macaque virus, is presented. the genomic organization of bpyv is similar to that of the non-rodent polyomaviruses. with a genome size of 4697 bp, bpyv has the smallest polyomavirus genome known so far. when compared to simian virus 40 (sv40), the shortness of the bpyv genome is due mainly to differences in the coding capacity of the bpyv early region. the first exon of the prop ...	1990	2167926
effects of morphine on colonic myoelectric and motor activity in subhuman primates.	we investigated the effects of numerous doses of morphine on colonic myoelectric and motor activity in monkeys. in each of four monkeys (macaca arctoides), combined strain gauge transducers and bipolar electrodes were chronically implanted at four defined sites in the colon and recordings were made for 3 h in fasted, unanesthetized animals before and after intravenous administration of morphine sulfate (10-1,000 micrograms/kg). the basal fasting pattern of colonic motility was characterized by r ...	1990	2305891
dose-response effects of pentoxifylline on erythrocyte filterability: clinical and animal model studies.	ten patients with chronic occlusive arteriosclerosis received single oral doses of 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 mg pentoxifylline in a single-blind, placebo-controlled study. blood samples were drawn at baseline and at 2 hour intervals for 6 hours. drug and metabolite levels, as well as red cell filterability (deformability), were determined on all blood samples. statistically significant dose-response increases of red cell filterability were found 4 and 6 hours after oral medication with the do ...	1990	2196145
histologic, morphometric, and biochemical evolution of vein bypass grafts in a nonhuman primate model. i. sequential changes within the first three months.	the objective of this study was to define the histologic and morphometric evolution that accompanies the increase in cholesterol content of vein bypass grafts in a nonhuman primate model. cephalic vein grafts were interposed bilaterally in the femoral arteries of 15 stump-tailed macaque monkeys (macaca arctoides), which were fed a diet that sustains plasma cholesterol levels of approximately 225 mg/dl. grafts were excised from five animals for analysis on each of postoperative days 3, 7, 14, 30, ...	1990	2294369
neural control of eye growth and experimental myopia in primates.	macaque monkeys become myopic when raised with fused lids to expose the retina to formless shadows during the period of postnatal eye development. the effect of the abnormal visual input is an excessive expansion of the posterior segment of the eye, a process that seems to be controlled by the nervous system. the mechanism by which the nervous system influences eye growth appears to be different in the stumptailed macaque (macaca arctoides) and the rhesus macaque (m. mulatta). lid-fused arctoide ...	1990	2088678
[analysis of b-lymphotropic oncogenic herpesvirus of macaca arctoides].	some physico-chemical and molecular-biological parameters of b-lymphotropic herpes virus of macaca arctoides (hvma) have been analyzed. the buoyant density of virions and nucleocapsids in a gradient of the percoll density is 1.10 and 1.14 g/ml, respectively, while that of dna in cscl gradient is 1.717 g/ml, which is typical for herpes viruses of primates. at the same time the homology of dna hvma with dna ebv and dna hvp is 30-45%. differences in restrictions sites between dna hvma, dna hvp and ...	1990	2175699
histologic, morphometric, and biochemical evolution of vein bypass grafts in a nonhuman primate model. ii. modification of early changes by platelet inhibition with aspirin and dipyridamole.	the objective of this study was to determine the early influence of platelet inhibition on the histologic, morphometric, and biochemical evolution of vein bypass grafts in a nonhuman primate model. cephalic vein grafts were interposed bilaterally in the femoral arteries of 15 stump-tailed macaque monkeys fed a diet that sustains plasma cholesterol levels of approximately 225 mg/dl. all animals received in combination aspirin, 80 mg/day, and dipyridamole, 50 mg/day. grafts were excised from five ...	1990	2294342
[comparative analysis of genomes of oncogenic b-lymphotropic herpesviruses reproducing in cell lines obtained from different monkey species].	the aim of this work was to study genomes of b-lymphotropic oncogenic herpesviruses of macaca arctoides (hvma), papio hamadryas (hvp) and cercopithecus aethiops (hvgm). blot-hybridization detected inter- and intraspecific genome heterogeneity of investigated viruses in restriction sites ecor1, pst1 and hind111. virus-specific sequences in two-cell lines obtained from hvma-induced rabbit tumours can prove hvma a role in malignant tumour induction in rabbits.	1990	1964615
[therapy of salmonellosis in macaca arctoides].	four clinically normal m. arctoides shed salmonella infantis after the stress of transportation. one animal developed diarrhea and died. after therapy with 30 mg chloramphenicol/kg bw orally for two times eight days, thereafter 10 mg neomycin/kg bw orally for eight days and finally 2 mg gentamicin/kg bw i. m., they still shed s. infantis. oral application of daily 100 mg ofloxacin (tarivid) for 10 days and repetition of that same therapy for seven days after one week without therapy terminated s ...	1990	2080512
histologic, morphometric, and biochemical evolution of vein bypass grafts in a nonhuman primate model. iii. long-term changes and their modification by platelet inhibition with aspirin and dipyridamole.	the objectives of this study were to elucidate the long-term influence on vein bypass grafts of platelet inhibition and its late discontinuation. cephalic vein grafts were interposed bilaterally in the femoral arteries of stump-tailed macaque monkeys fed a diet that sustains plasma cholesterol levels of approximately 225 mg/dl. fifteen animals were divided into three groups of five animals each. group i received no medications and served as a control group. group ii received for the full duratio ...	1990	2308360
temporomandibular joint forces measured at the condyle of macaca arctoides.	forces were measured at the articular surface of the temporomandibular joint (tmj) condyle in two stump-tail monkeys (macaca arctoides) during chewing, incisal biting, and drinking and also during aggressive behaviors. force was measured with a thin piezoelectric foil transducer, which was cemented over the anterior and superior surfaces of the condyle. wires from the upper and lower surfaces of the foil were insulated between two layers of teflon tape and run subcutaneously to a telemetry unit, ...	1990	2353676
effects of dominance rank on d-amphetamine-induced increases in aggression.	previous research has suggested that certain social factors, e.g., dominance rank, can determine the behavioral effects of drugs in individual members of a social group. in the present experiment, the effects of d-amphetamine were studied in two adult male monkeys with dominance rankings that changed during a reorganization of the social hierarchy in a captive group of stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). a range of doses of d-amphetamine was administered to each subject, and dose-effect curve ...	1990	2087491
characterization of monoclonal antibodies that distinguish simian immunodeficiency virus isolates from each other and from human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.	two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against p27 and one against p17 of simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) from rhesus macaques were produced and characterized by reacting with disrupted, viral antigens on immunoblots. human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), hiv-2 and siv isolates from sooty mangabey, stump-tailed macaque, rhesus macaque and african green monkey (sivsm, sivstm, sivmac and sivagm) were used for comparative analysis. the p27 monoclonal antibodies he3 and fa2 reacted with sivmac ...	1990	1689369
siv of stump-tailed macaque (sivstm) is a divergent asian isolate.	analysis of molecularly cloned dnas of sivs isolated from asian rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta; sivmac) and pig-tailed macaque (macaca nemestrina; sivmne) has indicated a high degree of sequence homology between these viruses. thus sivmac and sivmne might have originated from the same or very closely related viruses. we have cloned and sequenced a pcr-amplified segment containing the ltr sequences of siv originating from a stump-tailed macaque (macaca arctoides; sivstm). comparative sequence ana ...	1991	1719204
studies on tumor induced angiogenesis.	methods were developed to test the angiogenic response to human tumor implants and various biologic agents in the cornea of rabbits and non-human primates (macaca arctoides). human malignant melanoma tissue and crude platelet derived growth factor (pdgf) preparations had significant angiogenic effects. purified, recombinant pdgf preparations were also effective initiators. hemorheologic agents which also inhibit platelet aggregation [e.g. pentoxifylline (px) (trental) (also found to release pgi2 ...	1991	1725679
atherogenic effect of barotrauma on in situ saphenous veins in monkeys.	the objectives of this study were to determine whether veins subjected to barotrauma in situ undergo lipid uptake and morphologic changes to the same extent as veins grafted into the arterial circulation. saphenous veins in seven stump-tailed macaque monkeys were exposed bilaterally and were circumferentially dissected free from surrounding tissue only at isolated sites. segments of the veins were distended for 1 minute at hydrostatic pressures of 125 or 350 mm hg. an undistended segment served ...	1991	1881183
x-ray induced translocations in premeiotic germ cells of monkeys.	the induction of reciprocal translocations by various x-ray exposures was studied in spermatogonial stem cells of rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) and stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides) by means of spermatocyte analysis many cell generations after irradiation. the yields of translocations recovered from irradiated stump-tailed macaques were lower than those observed in rhesus monkeys and represent in fact the lowest induction rates per gy ever recorded for experimental mammals. in the rhesu ...	1991	1944375
a highly divergent simian immunodeficiency virus (sivstm) recovered from stored stump-tailed macaque tissues.	we report here the results of molecular analysis of a simian immunodeficiency virus (designated sivstm) which was isolated from a rhesus monkey inoculated with stored lymph node tissue of an asian stump-tailed macaque. the latter monkey had died in 1977 during an epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency and lymphoma at the california regional primate research center (l. j. lowenstine, n. w. lerche, p. a. marx, m. b. gardner, and n. c. pedersen, p. 174-176, in m. girard and l. valette, ed., retrovir ...	1991	1942258
synergistic effects of kinship, sex and rank in the behavioural interactions of captive stump-tailed macaques.	in almost all non-human primate species kinship, sex and rank bias the patterning of interactions among subjects, seemingly in a way that favours the individual's fitness. a number of studies have been done in order to study separately the effects of these variables, concluding that an adequate model of interactions cannot be developed assuming preponderance of a single variable. the 'willingness' of one animal to interact with another can be explained as the result of assessing the possible out ...	1991	1937281
effect of perivascular sympathectomy on distal adrenergic innervation in the hands of monkeys.	perivascular sympathectomy has been thought to cause distal adrenergic denervation. we performed perivascular sympathectomy for a distance of 1 cm. on two common digital arteries in the right hands of two anaesthetised macaca arctoides monkeys. four days later, samples were taken for glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence examination of the operated and opposite control hand. the distal adrenergic nerves were morphologically normal in appearance after the perivascular sympathectomy. the operation s ...	1991	1779148
presence of adult or juvenile relatives increases livebirth chances in captive stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).		1991	1895335
multivariate comparison of the forelimb between stump-tailed and rhesus macaques.	rhesus macaques and stump-tailed macaques are sympatric in western yunnan (china), coexisting or occupying habitats that show little difference. this paper tests hypotheses based on theoretical expectation from the differing biomechanical demands of terrestrial and arboreal quadrupedalism in stump-tailed macaques and rhesus macaques, respectively. individuals of these two macaque taxa were markedly separated by the first two principal components and discriminant analyses based on 18 variables of ...	1991	1794770
mirror-induced social facilitation in stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).	seven adult female stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides) were confronted alternately with their reflection in a mirror and with the mirror covered. the reflection elicited significantly more visual attention and social responding than the control stimulus, replicating previous findings. mirror-image stimulation did not significantly affect the subjects' manipulation of unfamiliar objects, but it did increase bout-lengths of episodes of drinking from a bottle containing orange juice. possible e ...	1991	31948184
immunoneutralization and immunocytochemical localization of inhibin alpha subunit during the mid-luteal phase in the stump-tailed macaque.	the putative endocrine role of inhibin in the control of fsh secretion during the luteal phase in the primate was investigated by immunoneutralization. antisera against the 1-23 amino acid sequence of the n-terminus of the human inhibin alpha subunit were raised in a ewe and three macaques. antisera (10-20 ml) were administered to macaques on day 8/9 of the luteal phase and serum samples collected during the treatment cycle and post-treatment cycle for determination of fsh, oestradiol and proges ...	1992	1613435
siv from stump-tailed macaques: molecular characterization of a highly transmissible primate lentivirus.	over the past 6 years, simian immunodeficiency viruses (sivs) have been isolated from four distinct species of macaques (macaca mulatta, m. fascicularis, m. nemestrina, and m. arctoides) in captivity in the united states. however, the epidemiologic and genetic relationships among sivs from the four species are not well understood. siv from stump-tailed macaques (m. arctoides) (sivstm) is unusual in that it has been associated with outbreaks of infection characterized by aggressive spread within ...	1992	1733112
evidence for a lentiviral etiology in an epizootic of immune deficiency and lymphoma in stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides).	a retrospective study determined that an epizootic of immune suppression and lymphoma in stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides) that began in 1976 was associated with a horizontally spread lentivirus infection. this conclusion was based on serology, epidemiology, pathology, and virus isolation. the lesions found in the stump-tailed macaques were more compatible with lesions seen in siv-infected rhesus than those seen in rhesus macaques infected with type d retroviruses. a lentivirus, isolated ...	1992	1318381
serological survey of a captive macaque colony in china for antibodies to simian type d retroviruses.	sera from 510 macaques consisting of macaca mulatta, macaca assamensis, macaca fascicularis, macaca nemestrina, and macaca arctoides were investigated for antibodies to simian aids type d retrovirus (srv) by elisa and western blot with viral antigens purified from supernatants of srv-1 infected cell cultures. of these monkeys, 104 were seropositive by elisa; only 23 were confirmed by western blot. the true positive reaction to srv was found in 15 of 463 (3.2%) m. mulatta and eight of eleven (72. ...	1992	1339171
increased sexual behavior in male macaca arctoides monkeys produced by atipamezole, a selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist.	the effect of a highly selective and potent alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, atipamezole, on sexual behavior was studied in three stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). following im administration of atipamezole or saline control, the behavior of the male monkey with a female monkey was observed for 30 min. atipamezole dose dependently (0.01-0.15 or 0.30 mg/kg) produced a significant increase in the number of ejaculations in all three monkeys, including an old one with decreased sexual activity ...	1992	1356274
studies on tumor induced angiogenesis.	methods were developed to test angiogenic response to human tumor implants and various biologic agents in the cornea of rabbits and non-human primates (macaca arctoides). crude pdgf preparations were found to have significant angiogenic effect. purified, recombinant pdgf preparations were also effective inhibitors (e.g. pentoxifylline (px) (which also were found to release pgi2 and t-pa) inhibited human tumor implant induced angiogenesis and reduced spontaneous metastases in 3 transplantable mur ...	1992	1377568
pharmacokinetics of the organic nitrates trans-2-amino-2-methyl-n-(4- nitroxycyclohexylmethyl)-propionamide in dogs, and of 4-(2-nitroxyethyl)-piperidine in dogs and in monkeys.	the plasma concentrations of the organic nitrates (nitric acid esters) trans-2-amino-2-methyl-n-(4-nitroxycyclohexylmethyl)-propionamide (bm 12.1200) and of 4-(2-nitroxyethyl)-piperidine (bm 12.1173, cas 129999-77-5) were determined in dog plasma by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection (gc-ecd). intra- and interassay variation coefficients of the gas chromatographic analysis lay between 2.9 and 8.8%; recoveries amounted to 50-62%. both nitric acid esters were absorbed qui ...	1992	1472139
alterations of natural hand movements after interruption of fasciculus cuneatus in the macaque.	as part of a series of investigations on the control of fine finger movements in the macaque, spontaneous use of the hand in grooming, scratching, and manipulation was observed before and after interruption of fasciculus cuneatus (fc). videotaped observations were made of four stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) living outdoors in social groups. the monkeys were followed for 1 to 3 years postoperatively. for the first 2 weeks following surgery, all monkeys neglected the affected hand and did n ...	1992	1595323
altered precision grasping in stumptail macaques after fasciculus cuneatus lesions.	patterns of precision grasp are described in stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) before and after lesions of the fasciculus cuneatus (fc). three monkeys were videotaped while reaching for and grasping small food items. from these videotapes, records were made of the style and outcome of each grasp. kinematic measurements were also made to describe grip formation and terminal grasp. during grip formation, grip aperture was measured as the distance between the tips of the index finger and the th ...	1992	1595322
shared antigenic epitopes of the major core proteins of human and simian immunodeficiency virus isolates.	antigenic epitopes on the major core (gag) protein of isolates of simian and human immunodeficiency virus (siv and hiv) were compared using a panel of eleven mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that recognized nine distinct gag epitopes. viral isolates used for comparison were hiv-1iiib, hiv-2rod, and siv isolates from macaque (sivmac), sooty mangabey (sivsm-ucd), african green monkey (sivagm), and stump-tailed macaque (sivstm-ucd). the relatedness of the various hiv and siv isolates, as determin ...	1992	1383547
eye contact as a trigger of male sexual arousal in stump-tailed macaques (macaca arctoides).		1993	8225125
promoting increased foraging behavior in caged stump-tailed macaques.		1993	8144112
evolution of the sociosexual pattern of the stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides).		1993	8144111
modification of reconciliation behavior through social experience: an experiment with two macaque species.	reconciliation, defined as a friendly reunion between former opponents shortly after an aggressive encounter, is common in the stumptail macaque (macaca arctoides) but rare in the rhesus macaque (m. mulatta). juveniles of the two species were cohoused for 5 months, after which they were observed with conspecifics only. control rhesus monkeys, matched in age and sex to the experimental subjects, went through the same procedure without exposure to the other species. a threefold increase in the pro ...	1993	8339702
a simple method to distinguish between simian immunodeficiency virus isolates by restriction analysis of pcr products.	a simple method to distinguish between simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) isolates of experimentally infected rhesus macaques is reported. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were prepared from a rhesus macaque infected with sivstm isolated originally from a stump-tailed macaque, or from a rhesus monkey infected with sivsm from a sooty mangabey monkey. pbmc were cocultivated with cem x 174 cells and a region of the siv envelope (env) gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pc ...	1993	8397819
differences in performance of young and old monkeys on a visuospatial memory task.	two groups of stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides) were compared in terms of performance on a visuospatial working memory task involving repeated presentations of an array of 15 doors, each of which concealed one food reward at the start of a session. rewards obtained by the subject were not replaced. errors were defined as responses to doors previously pushed open during the session. both groups generally obtained all rewards and showed improved performance across sessions, but old monkeys c ...	1993	8272526
the sukhumi primate monkey model for viral lymphomogenesis: high incidence of lymphomas with presence of stlv-i and ebv-like virus.	t-cell leukemia virus-like proviral sequences (stlv-i) as well as ebv-like sequences were detected in pbls and tissues of non-human primates (papio hamadryas baboons, green monkeys and macaca arctoides; sukhumi primate center/georgia) by pcr. surprisingly, two different types of stlv-i within papio hamadryas baboons were found. one of its represents the baboon prototype stlv-i-su described earlier, present in lymphomatous baboons from the "high-lymphoma stock", which shows about 83% homology to ...	1993	8395624
posterior neocortical systems subserving awareness and neglect. neglect associated with superior temporal sulcus but not area 7 lesions.	in humans and monkeys, the intraparietal sulcus separates the superior parietal lobule from the inferior parietal lobule (ipl). whereas in humans brodmann's area 7 is above this sulcus, in monkeys it is below and therefore part of the ipl. in humans, the ipl consists of brodmann's areas 39 and 40. some investigators contend that the monkey homologue of the human ipl (areas 39 and 40) is the monkey's ipl (area 7). others contend that it is, at least in part, in the monkey's superior temporal sulc ...	1994	7944999
effects of policosanol chronically administered in male monkeys (macaca arctoides).	policosanol, administered orally, has shown a cholesterol-lowering effect in different experimental models. because lipid-lowering therapy is administered chronically, it is necessary to know the effects of these drugs after long-term administration. 18 adult male macaca arctoides monkeys were used to study the cholesterol-lowering effects and possible toxicity produced by oral administration of policosanol (0.25, 2.5 and 25 mg/kg) for 54 wk. after 8 wk, a significant reduction of serum total ch ...	1994	8045464
potentiation of thrombolytic therapy by enzyme combinations and with aspirin or pentoxifylline.	radioactively labeled human fibrin clots were placed into veins of macaca arctoides monkeys. thrombolysis was recorded by the disappearance of radioactivity and by angiography. streptokinase (sk) and urokinase (uk) induced thrombolysis was potentiated by low dose aspirin (asa) and pentoxifylline (pe). studies on the mechanisms of action revealed that pe inhibits platelet aggregation, releases tissue plasminogen activator (t-pa) from the endothelium, increases red cell deformability and inhibits ...	1994	7996060
[the cytogenetic characteristics of b-lymphoid lines from papio hamadryas baboons and macaca arctoides brown macaques].	a cytogenetic analysis of 9 permanent suspension cell lines was performed. cell lines were obtained from papio hamadryas and macaca arctoides cells by different methods. five cell lines originated from non-malignant parental cells. lines spg-5 and spg-6 were analysed at early stages of cultivation, with normal karyotypes being identified. in cell lines pl-11, mal-1 and mal-4 pathological clones with structural and numerical chromosomal rearrangements appeared only following a long-term cultivati ...	1994	7900211
the effects of finasteride (proscar) on hair growth, hair cycle stage, and serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in adult male and female stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).	finasteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, was administered orally (1 mg/kg.day) for 6 months to six male and five female stumptail macaques. vehicle was given to five male and five female animals over the same period of time. hair weights in a defined 1-in.2 area of frontal scalp were measured periodically every 1-2 months, and serum was collected for measurement of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. in addition, scalp biopsies were taken before and 6 months after treatment to evaluate the ...	1994	7962310
an animal model of visual loss from orbital hemorrhage.	intraorbital hemorrhage may arise spontaneously or following orbital or periorbital surgery or trauma and may be associated with visual loss or impairment. this project was designed to evaluate the ophthalmic effects and underlying mechanism(s) associated with visual impairment secondary to intraorbital hemorrhage. an experimental surgical procedure was developed to simulate intraorbital hemorrhage. a reversible state of unilateral visual loss secondary to acutely increased intraorbital volume w ...	1994	7947449
a twenty-one-year study of maternal dominance and secondary sex ratio in a colony group of stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides).	trivers and willard's theory of sex-ratio adjustment, as applied to cercopithecines, predicts that the ratio of male to female offspring will be greater for dominant than for subordinate mothers. a local-resourcexyhcompetition hypothesis predicts the reverse. to date, results from several species of macaque are inconsistent and often not statistically significant. in this 21 year study, a colony group of stumptailed macaques is added to the species previously studied. seventy-five offspring were ...	1994	31936913
behavioral characterization of sleep in stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides) in exterior captivity by means of high-sensitivity videorecording.	there are reasons to consider incomplete the description of sleep in many non-human primate species. recording animals by highly sensitive videos to obtain detailed descriptions of nighttime behavior and evidence of muscle activity while in a resting posture, seems a promising approach to the non-invasive study of sleep in non-human primates. the present work describes the use of ultrasensitive videocameras to record and analyze spontaneous nighttime behaviors in captive non-human primates. its ...	1995	31924091
observations on task-related behaviour of macaca arctoides.		1995	8713540
malignant lymphomas induced by an epstein-barr virus-related herpesvirus from macaca arctoides--a rabbit model.	animal models for epstein-barr virus (ebv) are restricted to some species of new-world monkeys which develop malignant lymphoid tumours or benign lymphoproliferative diseases after virus inoculation. similar pathological features were induced in rabbits by the ebv-related herpesvirus of macaca arctoides (hvma). in this study 17 of 32 rabbits infected with varying amounts of hvma produced from mal-1 cells developed lymphoproliferative disorders. in 13 rabbits high-grade malignant lymphomas were d ...	1995	7503696
effect of cocaine on sexual behaviour in male stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides).	the effect of cocaine (0.01-1.0 mg/kg) on sexual behaviour was studied in four male stumptail macaques (macaca arctoides). following drug-saline control administration, the behaviour of the male monkey with a female was observed for 30 min in two different behavioural conditions; in one of the conditions the baseline sexual activity was low, and in the other it was high (partial or complete separation of the male and the female between the sessions, respectively). the reversal of the cocaine-ind ...	1995	7501667
molecular phylogeny of macaques: implications of nucleotide sequences from an 896-base pair region of mitochondrial dna.	we determined the nucleotide sequences of an 896-base pair region of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from 20 primates representing 13 species of macaques, a baboon, and a patas. we compared these sequences and the homologous sequences from four macaques and a human against each other and deduced the phylogenetic relationships of macaques. the results from the phylogenetic analyses revealed five groups among the macaques: (1) barbary macaque, (2) two species of sulawesi macaques, (3) japanese, rhesus, ...	1996	8752012
gnrh receptor mrna expression by in-situ hybridization in the primate pituitary and ovary.	gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) receptors are present on the ovary as well as in the anterior pituitary gland. gnrh analogues may exert their actions in part via these ovarian receptors. however, in the primate ovary, gnrh receptors are of low affinity and their significance is questionable. the aim of the present study was to compare pituitary and ovarian expression of the gnrh receptor mrna by in-situ hybridization to gain further information on the possible significance of the ovarian ...	1996	9238668
discrimination learning and multiple reversals in young adult and older monkeys (macaca arctoides).	two groups of five young adult an older stumptailed macaques (macaca arctoides) were tested on a visual discrimination task followed by a reversal upon attainment of criterion; task and reversal were repeated until 20 reversals with the same pair of objects had been completed. both groups required more trials to learn the first reversal than the original discrimination, with no significant difference between the groups. older monkeys tended to show more perseverative errors on early reversals, b ...	1996	8828396
effects of hypertrichotic agents on follicular and nonfollicular cells in vitro.	our previous studies revealed that topical minoxidil induced an increased rate of dna synthesis in both dermal papilla and follicular germinal cells in early anagen and bulbar matrix as well as outer root sheath and perifollicular fibrocytic cells in mid and late anagen follicles in the bald scalp of the stump-tailed macaque. however, the epidermis and dermal fibrocytes showed no response. to determine the specific action of hypertrichotic agents on follicular cells, we examined the effects of t ...	1996	8868027
effects of spinal dorsal column transection on the response of monkey anterior parietal cortex to repetitive skin stimulation.	the pattern of 14c-2-deoxyglucose (2dg) labeling in anterior parietal cortex was evaluated in three groups of experimental subjects: (1) subjects in which all spinal pathways projecting at short latency to the contralateral hemisphere were intact, (2) subjects with either unilateral or bilateral transection of the dorsal column pathway, and (3) subjects in whom a two-stage tractotomy (dorsal column isolation) restricted short-latency mechanoreceptor drive to that conveyed via the dorsal column p ...	1996	8670645
estrogen receptor and aromatic hydrocarbon receptor in the primate ovary.	we have previously shown by immunocytochemistry and autoradiography the presence of estrogen receptors (er) in rhesus monkey ovary. intense chromogen staining showed specific binding for er in nuclei of germinal epithelium and granulosa cells of antral follicles; and radiolabeled ligand bound specifically to functional corpora lutea (cl). although it is accepted that the germinal epithelium of the primate ovary contains er, some controversy still persists regarding the intraovarian localization ...	1996	21153083
molecular characterization and phylogenetic analyses of a new, highly divergent simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (stlv-1marc1) in macaca arctoides.	a serological survey of a captive colony of asian monkeys indicated that six macaca arctoides had antibodies to human t-cell leukemia/lymphotropic viruses (htlv). over a 4-year interval, sera from these animals continued to exhibit a peculiar western blot (wb) pattern resembling an htlv-2 pattern (p24gag reactivity of equal or greater intensity than that of p19gag and a strong reactivity to recombinant gp21) but also exhibiting, in five of six cases, a reactivity against mta-1, an htlv-1 gp46 pe ...	1997	9223528