Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the hybrid-substance of the erythrocytes of the hybrids between columba livia and streptopelia risoria. | 1956 | 17247657 | |
| differential toxic effects of carbofuran and diazinon on time of flight in pigeons (columba livia): potential for pesticide effects on migration. | cholinesterase inhibiting compounds such as carbamates and organophosphate insecticides have been widely used in agriculture since the ban on organochlorines in the 1970s. carbofuran, a carbamate, and diazinon, an organophosphate, are among the most commonly implicated cholinesterase inhibitors in episodes of accidental avian toxicity and mortality. despite the apparent effects of these compounds, little work has been done to study effects of low-level, environmentally relevant doses at the popu ... | 2007 | 17254622 |
| purkinje cell compartmentation as revealed by zebrin ii expression in the cerebellar cortex of pigeons (columba livia). | purkinje cells in the cerebellum express the antigen zebrin ii (aldolase c) in many vertebrates. in mammals, zebrin is expressed in a parasagittal fashion, with alternating immunopositive and immunonegative stripes. whether a similar pattern is expressed in birds is unknown. here we present the first investigation into zebrin ii expression in a bird: the adult pigeon (columba livia). western blotting of pigeon cerebellar homogenates reveals a single polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight ... | 2007 | 17278140 |
| iridescence in the neck feathers of domestic pigeons. | we conducted structural characterizations, reflection measurements, and theoretical simulations on the iridescent green and purple neck feathers of domestic pigeons (columba livia domestica). we found that both green and purple barbules are composed of an outer keratin cortex layer surrounding a medullary layer. the thickness of the keratin cortex layer shows a distinct difference between green and purple barbules. green barbules vary colors from green to purple with the observing angle changed ... | 2006 | 17279948 |
| clinical application of an external fixator in the repair of bone fractures in 28 birds. | the repair of seven tibiotarsal fractures, three humeral fractures, three tarsometatarsal fractures, two femoral fractures and 13 radial and ulnar fractures with a tubular external fixator system was evaluated prospectively in 10 common pigeons (columba livia), 11 psittacine birds, six birds of prey and one bali starling (leucopsar rothschildii). the fixations included type 1, type 2 and intramedullary tie-in methods, and the fractures healed in all but three cases. a comparison of the weight of ... | 2007 | 17293578 |
| evidence that pigeons orient to geomagnetic intensity during homing. | the influence of the earth's magnetic field on locomotory orientation has been studied in many taxa but is best understood for homing pigeons (columba livia). effects of experimentally induced and naturally occurring perturbations in the geomagnetic field suggest that pigeons are sensitive to changes in geomagnetic parameters. however, whether pigeons use the earth's magnetic field for position determination remains unknown. here we report an apparent orientation to the intensity gradient of the ... | 2007 | 17301015 |
| discrimination of artificial categories structured by family resemblances: a comparative study in people (homo sapiens) and pigeons (columba livia). | adult humans (homo sapiens) and pigeons (columba livia) were trained to discriminate artificial categories that the authors created by mimicking 2 properties of natural categories. one was a family resemblance relationship: the highly variable exemplars, including those that did not have features in common, were structured by a similarity network with the features correlating to one another in each category. the other was a polymorphous rule: no single feature was essential for distinguishing th ... | 2007 | 17324072 |
| information processing by pigeons (columba livia): incentive as information. | experiment 1 showed that the hick-hyman law (w. e. hick, 1952; r. hyman, 1953) described the effects of anticipated reinforcement, a form of incentive, on pigeons' (columba livia) reaction time to respond to a target spatial location. reaction time was an approximately linear function of amount of information interpreted as probability of reinforcement, implying that pigeons processed incentive at a constant rate. experiment 2 showed that the hick-hyman law described effects of incentive even wh ... | 2007 | 17324077 |
| pigeons (columba livia) associate time intervals with symbols in a touch screen task: evidence for ordinality but not summation. | the present experiments examined whether pigeons can sum symbols that are associated with various temporal consequences in a touch screen apparatus. pigeons were trained to discriminate between two visual symbols that were associated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 s either of delay to 4 s of hopper access (delay group) or duration of hopper access (reward group). in experiment 1, the pigeons in both groups learned to select the symbol associated with the more favorable outcome, and they successfully t ... | 2007 | 17324078 |
| absolute pitch: frequency-range discriminations in pigeons (columba livia): comparisons with zebra finches (taeniopygia guttata) and humans (homo sapiens). | absolute pitch (ap) is the ability to classify individual pitches without an external referent. the authors compared results from pigeons (columba livia, a nonsongbird species) with results (r. weisman, m. njegovan, c. sturdy, l. phillmore, j. coyle, & d. mewhort, 1998) from zebra finches (taeniopygia guttata, a songbird species) and humans (homo sapiens) in ap tests that required classification of contiguous tones into 3 or 8 frequency ranges on the basis of correlations between the tones in ea ... | 2007 | 17324079 |
| domestic pigeons (columba livia) discriminate between photographs of male and female pigeons. | we investigated whether pigeons are able to discriminate color photographs of male and female pigeons, using a categorical discrimination procedure. in experiments 1 and 2b, 10 out of 14 pigeons learned the discrimination. of these, 5 pigeons showed transfer to novel stimuli, demonstrating the categorical nature of the trained discrimination. experiment 3 showed that the discriminative behavior was based primarily on the body, as opposed to the head and the neck region. in 1 out of 3 pigeons, th ... | 2006 | 17330522 |
| high occurrence of multi-antimicrobial resistance in staphylococcus intermedius isolates from healthy and diseased dogs and domesticated pigeons. | staphylococcus intermedius isolates (n=106), including 44 dog isolates and 62 pigeon isolates, were examined for their susceptibility to ampicillin, cephalexin, erythromycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, lincomycin, norfloxacin, oxacillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin by standard disk-diffusion test. the frequencies of resistance to ampicillin, kanamycin, and tetracycline were significantly higher in dog isolates than pigeon isolates (95.5% vs. 0%, 31.8% vs. 0%, and 45.5% vs. 9.7%, respectively; p<0.0 ... | 2007 | 17368493 |
| evaluation of hepatobiliary scintigraphy as an indicator of hepatic function in domestic pigeons (columba livia) before and after exposure to ethylene glycol. | this study investigated the use of quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy to assess liver function in 14 white carneaux pigeons (columba livia). liver scintigraphy using 99mtc-mebrofenin was performed and liver function was quantified using deconvolutional analysis and the area under the normalized heart time-activity curve as previously described in the dog and horse. liver biopsies were performed in all birds before and after toxin-induced liver damage with ethylene glycol. before the inducti ... | 2007 | 17385376 |
| [pigeon sport and animal rights]. | to begin, a short overview of the organization and the realization of the racing pigeon sport. some physiological facts, relevant to racing pigeons, will be touched on. lastly, a focus on the flights, their completion and the problems involved with the, in some cases, high number of lost pigeons. the german club of pigeon breeders, has made improvements but, it is certainly not enough. the topic of "city pigeons" will be briefed. the final part deals with pertinent animal rights issues, causes o ... | 2007 | 17419544 |
| [transport of racing pigeons and animal welfare]. | a short overview about the transport of the racing pigeon from home to the place of liberation will be given. some facts related to the transport will be explained. facts like number of pigeons in one crate, supplying the pigeons with water and food during transportation and at the place of liberation, the supply of the pigeons with fresh air will be explained. | 2007 | 17419545 |
| ovotestes and sexual reversal in racing pigeons. | the occurrence of ovotestes associated with male behavioral characteristics in two mature female racing pigeons (columba livia) is recorded. an ovotestis developed in the area of the vestigial right gonad of one bird and within the functional left ovary of the second bird. | 1986 | 17422628 |
| paramyxovirus-1 in feral pigeons (columba livia) in ontario. | paramyxovirus-1 (pmv-1) infection was diagnosed in racing pigeons in ontario during 1985, but it was not until january 1989, that the virus was isolated from feral pigeons (columba livia) in this province. during an 18 month period beginning january 1988, a total of 43 feral pigeons was submitted to the wildlife diseases laboratory, pathology department, ontario veterinary college. a history of neurological signs accompanied most of the birds. tissues from 29 birds were submitted for pmv-1 isola ... | 1992 | 17424132 |
| olfactory lateralization in homing pigeons: initial orientation of birds receiving a unilateral olfactory input. | it has been shown that homing pigeons (columba livia) rely on olfactory cues to navigate from unfamiliar locations. in fact, the integrity of the olfactory system, from the olfactory mucosa to the piriform cortex, is required for pigeons to navigate over unfamiliar areas. recently it has been shown that there is a functional asymmetry in the piriform cortex, with the left piriform cortex more involved in the use of the olfactory navigational map than the right piriform cortex. to investigate fur ... | 2007 | 17425577 |
| pigeons combine compass and landmark guidance in familiar route navigation. | how do birds orient over familiar terrain? in the best studied avian species, the homing pigeon (columba livia), two apparently independent primary mechanisms are currently debated: either memorized visual landmarks provide homeward guidance directly, or birds rely on a compass to home from familiar locations. using miniature global positioning system tracking technology and clock-shift procedures, we set sun-compass and landmark information in conflict, showing that experienced birds can accura ... | 2007 | 17452634 |
| urban feral pigeons (columba livia) as a source for air- and waterborne contamination with enterocytozoon bieneusi spores. | this study demonstrated that a person with 30 min of occupational or nonoccupational exposure to urban feral pigeons, such as exposure through the cleaning of surfaces contaminated with pigeon excrement, could inhale approximately 3.5 x 10(3) enterocytozoon bieneusi spores and that 1.3 x 10(3) spores could be inhaled by a nearby person. | 2007 | 17483269 |
| homing pigeons (columba livia f. domestica) can use magnetic cues for locating food. | an experimental group of homing pigeons (columba livia f. domestica) learned to associate food with a magnetic anomaly produced by bar magnets that were fixed to the bowl in which they received their daily food ration in their home loft; the control group lacked this experience. both groups were trained to search for two hidden food depots in a rectangular sand-filled arena without obvious visual cues; for the experimental birds, these depots were also marked with three 1.15 x 10(6) mut bar magn ... | 2007 | 17492419 |
| matching and oddity relational learning by pigeons (columba livia): transfer from color to shape. | relational learning, as opposed to perceptual learning, is based on the abstract properties of the stimuli. although at present there is no doubt that pigeons are capable of relational behavior, this study aims to further disclose the conditions under which it occurs. pigeons were trained in an outdoor cage on a matching-to-sample or an oddity-from-sample task, with colored cardboard stimuli presented horizontally. the apparatus involved three sliding lids on which the stimuli were drawn and whi ... | 2008 | 17516101 |
| the key mimetic features of hoverflies through avian eyes. | batesian mimicry occurs when a palatable species (the mimic) gains protection from predators by resembling an unpalatable or otherwise protected species (the model). while some mimetic species resemble their models closely, other species ('imperfect mimics') are thought to bear only a crude likeness. in an earlier study, pigeons (columba livia) were trained to recognize wasp images in one experiment and non-mimetic (nm) fly images in another by rewarding the pigeons for pecking on the respective ... | 2007 | 17550880 |
| [detection of some zoonotic agents in the domestic pigeon (columba livia) in the city of chillán, chile]. | there is an increase in the population of doves (columba livia) as well as their contact with healthy and immunocompromised hosts. | 2007 | 17554438 |
| reclassification of phenotypically identified staphylococcus intermedius strains. | to reclassify phenotypically identified staphylococcus intermedius strains, which might include true s. intermedius strains and novel species such as staphylococcus pseudintermedius and staphylococcus delphini, we analyzed molecular phylogenies and phenotypic characteristics of 117 s. intermedius group (sig) strains tentatively identified as being s. intermedius by the rapid id32 staph assay. from phylogenetic analyses of soda and hsp60 sequences, the sig strains were divided into three clusters ... | 2007 | 17596353 |
| identification and expression analysis of hepcidin-like cdnas from pigeon (columba livia). | hepcidin is a cysteine-rich, dual-function peptide with antimicrobial activity that plays a crucial role in iron homeostasis. here, we have identified two hepcidin-like cdna sequences from pigeon, columba livia. the two cdnas consist of 295 and 380 nucleotides, respectively, and were named hp1 and hp2. sequence alignment showed that the homology between pigeon and mammals or amphibians is higher than that of pigeon and fishes. semi-quantitative rt-pcr analysis suggested that hp1 transcripts are ... | 2007 | 17619950 |
| prevalence of a septicemia disease in the crested ibis (nipponia nippon) in china. | this study investigated six cases of septicemia in young crested ibises (nipponia nippon). these birds all died with similar clinical signs, including sudden death, anorexia, diarrhea, and lameness. immediately after death, the birds were necropsied; a blood sample was taken from heart and tissues were sampled from liver, lung, spleen, peritoneal mucus, and feces for bacteriologic examination. anatomic observation showed that the main findings common to the sick birds were arthrocele, associated ... | 2007 | 17626495 |
| [polymorphism and phene geography of the blue rock pigeon in europe]. | the variation of blue rock pigeon plumage color has been studied in 192 settlements of europe. as in earlier studies, six color phenotypes have been distinguished, the main of which are blue, intermediate and melanistic. the phenotype frequency distribution patterns in urban and rural landscapes have been determined. pigeon populations with increased density are the most melanistic. rural populations are less melanistic than urban ones. the frequency of birds with aberrant plumage colors varies ... | 2007 | 17633554 |
| a comparison of the protective action of added egg yolks from five avian species to the cryopreservation of bull sperm. | cryopreservation of domestic animal sperm has been widely used for artificial insemination (ai), and egg yolk is one of the most commonly used cryoprotectants during the freezing-thawing process. the objectives of this study were to compare the effectiveness of egg yolk from five avian species (domestic chicken, domestic duck, domestic goose, japanese quail or domestic pigeon) and to optimize the concentration of egg yolk on the cryopreservation of bull sperm in terms of frozen-thawed sperm prog ... | 2008 | 17662543 |
| symbolic communication between two pigeons, (columba livia domestica). | through the use of learned symbols, a pigeon accurately communicated information about hidden colors to another pigeon. each verbal exchange was initiated with a spontaneous request for information. the two pigeons engaged in a sustained and natural conversation without human intervention. | 1980 | 17795640 |
| what is your diagnosis? coelomic mass in a rock dove (columba livia). | a 15-year-old domestic rock dove (columbia livia) was presented to the service de médecine zoologique of the université de montréal with a 10-day history of lethargy and chronic weight loss of 1-year duration. ultrasonographic evaluation of the coelomic cavity revealed the presence of effusion and a well-defined mass containing variably sized hypoechoic nodules of unknown origin. cytologic evaluation of fine-needle aspirates of the mass indicated a malignant epithelial tumor consisting of round ... | 2007 | 17806083 |
| a case of sex-linked inheritance in the domestic pigeon. | 1912 | 17814436 | |
| the domestic pigeon. | 1966 | 17819794 | |
| projections of the nucleus of the basal optic root in pigeons (columba livia): a comparison of the morphology and distribution of neurons with different efferent projections. | the avian nucleus of the basal optic root (nbor) is a visual structure involved in the optokinetic response. nbor consists of several morphologically distinct cell types, and in the present study, we sought to determine if these different cell types had differential projections. using retrograde tracers, we examined the morphology and distribution of nbor neurons projecting to the vestibulocerebellum (vbc), inferior olive (io), dorsal thalamus, the pretectal nucleus lentiformis mesencephali (lm) ... | 2007 | 17915041 |
| the discrimination of natural movement by budgerigars (melopsittacus undulates) and pigeons (columba livia). | three experiments examined the ability of birds to discriminate between the actions of walking forwards and backwards as demonstrated by video clips of a human walking a dog. experiment 1 revealed that budgerigars (melopsittacus undulates) could discriminate between these actions when the demonstrators moved consistently from left to right. test trials then revealed that the discrimination transferred, without additional training, to clips of the demonstrators moving from right to left. experime ... | 2007 | 17924786 |
| [characteristics of the rapid eye movement sleep after carbachol microinjections into mesencephalic reticular formation in pigeons columba livia]. | 2007 | 17933353 | |
| minute excretion of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus a/chicken/indonesia/2003 (h5n1) from experimentally infected domestic pigeons (columbia livia) and lack of transmission to sentinel chickens. | five out of sixteen domestic pigeons, inoculated oculo-nasally with a high dose of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus a/chicken/indonesia/2003 (h5n1), developed clinical signs and neurological lesions leading to death of three pigeons 5-7 days after inoculation [klopfleisch, r., werner, o., mundt, e., harder, t. & teifke, j. p. (2006). vet pathol 43, 463-470]. h5n1 virus was recovered from all organs sampled from two apparently healthy pigeons at 3 days post-infection and from the three pig ... | 2007 | 17947534 |
| comparison of intraosseous and intramuscular drug administration for induction of anaesthesia in domestic pigeons. | the aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of intraosseous anaesthetic drug administration in domestic pigeons and to compare this method with an intramuscular technique for clinical parameters (induction quality and recovery of anaesthesia), heart-respiratory rate and cloacal temperature. sixteen clinically healthy mature pigeons (7 male and 9 female) were included into the study. the birds were allocated into two groups as group i and ii. pigeons in group i received 50mg/kg ket ... | 2008 | 18028968 |
| morphometric characterisation of wing feathers of the barn owl tyto alba pratincola and the pigeon columba livia. | abstract: | 2007 | 18031576 |
| mosaic evolution and adaptive brain component alteration under domestication seen on the background of evolutionary theory. | brain sizes and brain component sizes of five domesticated pigeon breeds including homing (racing) pigeons are compared with rock doves (columba livia) based on an allometric approach to test the influence of domestication on brain and brain component size. net brain volume, the volumes of cerebellum and telencephalon as a whole are significantly smaller in almost all domestic pigeons. inside the telencephalon, mesopallium, nidopallium (+ entopallium + arcopallium) and septum are smaller as well ... | 2008 | 18032887 |
| racing pigeon identification using str and chromo-helicase dna binding gene markers. | pigeon racing appeals to many in taiwan, due in part to the potential large financial gains based on illegal betting. the races are unregulated with frequent examples of fraud, such as substitution of one bird for a substandard one. there is no test available to reliably verify the bloodline of pigeons and thus help to resolve such disputes. in this study, we describe a multiplex pcr amplification system combining 7 str loci and a chromo-helicase dna binding gene (chd) marker for the identificat ... | 2007 | 18041042 |
| pharmacokinetic disposition of the oral iron chelator deferiprone in the domestic pigeon (columba livia). | deferiprone is a bidentate oral iron chelator used for the treatment of iron overload in people. the purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic disposition of deferiprone in the domestic pigeon (columba livia) and to compare the results with a previous study in the white leghorn chicken. deferiprone (dfp) was administered orally as a suspension at a single dose of 50 mg/kg to 10 iron-loaded (il-dfp) pigeons and 10 non--iron-loaded controls (nil-dfp). six nil-dfp birds were also a ... | 2007 | 18065133 |
| plasma uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen concentrations after whole blood administration via the gastrointestinal tract in domestic pigeons (columba livia). | to determine if blood administered to pigeons by gavage tube would simulate gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a noncarnivorous avian model, be digested in the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequently alter concentrations of plasma urea nitrogen, creatinine, or uric acid, blood from common peacocks (pavo cristatus) was administered by gavage tube to 5 healthy domestic pigeons (columba livia) at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 ml/kg. no significant difference in plasma concentrations of urea nit ... | 2007 | 18065134 |
| pathologic findings in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica) with "young bird sickness". | "young bird sickness" is a term used by racing pigeon fanciers to describe a condition that has occurred regularly in recent years and affects pigeons (columba livia domestica) in their first year of life. it is characterized by slow crop emptying, regurgitation, diarrhea, weight loss, poor performance, and occasionally death. little scientific information is known about this syndrome to differentiate it from other diseases that occur in young pigeons. in this study, 1 bird from each of 9 lofts ... | 2007 | 18069166 |
| endoscopic orchidectomy and salpingohysterectomy of pigeons (columba livia): an avian model for minimally invasive endosurgery. | to evaluate a minimally invasive endosurgical system in birds, endoscopic orchidectomy and salpingohysterectomy were evaluated in 11 male and 14 female pigeons (columba livia). anesthesia was maintained by using isoflurane delivered by a pressure-cycle ventilator and produced good to excellent anesthesia during 96% of procedures. endosurgery was performed with a 2.7-mm telescope system, 3-mm human pediatric laparoscopy instruments, and a 4.0-mhz radiofrequency device. mean +/- sd surgery times f ... | 2007 | 18069169 |
| [external morphology of the adults specimens of paratanaisia bragai (santos, 1934)(diginea: eucotylidae)]. | adult specimens of paratanaisia bragai collected from renal ducts of columba livia naturally infected, were fixed in glutaraldehyde 2.5 degrees and processed for scanning electron microscopy. two distinct types of scales had been identified, bifid and simple scales, disposed in transversal rows, on the tegument of dorsal and ventral face of the body. also show in details the oral sucker subterminal, well developed and acetabulum of size reduced, located in third medium of the body, surrounded fo ... | 2007 | 18078598 |
| generalization hypothesis of abstract-concept learning: learning strategies and related issues in macaca mulatta, cebus apella, and columba livia. | the generalization hypothesis of abstract-concept learning was tested with a meta-analysis of rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta), capuchin monkeys (cebus apella), and pigeons (columba livia) learning a same/different (s/d) task with expanding training sets. the generalization hypothesis states that as the number of training items increases, generalization from the training pairs will increase and could explain the subjects' accurate novel-stimulus transfer. by contrast, concept learning is learning ... | 2007 | 18085922 |
| experimental infection of newcastle disease virus in pigeons (columba livia): humoral antibody response, contact transmission and viral genome shedding. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the humoral antibody response, the genome viral excretion and the contact transmission of pathogenic chicken origin newcastle disease virus (ndv) from experimentally infected pigeons (columba livia) to in-contact pigeon. the antibody response to infection was assessed by the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) test and the genome viral excretion was detected by rt-pcr. viral strain induced high antibody levels, both in inoculated and in sentinel birds. the path ... | 2008 | 18166283 |
| absolute and relational control of a sequential auditory discrimination by pigeons (columba livia). | recent evidence indicates that pigeons can readily learn visual discriminations based on both absolute and relational stimulus factors. to examine how these two types of control function in their non-dominant auditory modality, we tested four pigeons in a go/no-go sequential auditory discrimination in which both absolute and relational cues were redundantly available. in this task, sequences of different sounds created from one set of pitches were reinforced, while different sequences created fr ... | 2008 | 18182214 |
| fine structure of the visual dorsolateral anterior thalamic nucleus of the pigeon (columba livia): a hodological and gaba-immunocytochemical study. | the ultrastructure of the lateroventral subcomponent of the visual dorsolateral anterior thalamic nucleus of the pigeon (dllv) was analyzed using hodological techniques and gaba-immunocytochemistry. two types of gaba-immunonegative hyperpalliopetal neurons and a single type of strongly gaba-immunoreactive (-ir) interneuron were identified, the latter displaying long dendrites with some containing synaptic vesicles (dcsv). ten types of axon terminal were identified and divided into two categories ... | 2008 | 18189307 |
| preference of birds for zinc phosphide bait formulations. | zinc phosphide baits are used for controlling pest rodents but are also highly toxic to other vertebrates. the base for rodent baits containing zinc phosphide is usually wheat kernels which are highly attractive to birds. in this study, wheat-based pellets of different shapes and colours without zinc phosphide were tested for their attractiveness for pigeons (columba livia gmelin) and japanese quails (coturnix japonica temm. & schleg.) in aviaries and for pigeons and corvids (corvus monedula l., ... | 2008 | 18189327 |
| host defence mediates interspecific competition in ectoparasites. | 1. interspecific competition influences which, how many and where species coexist in biological communities. interactions between species in different trophic levels can mediate interspecific competition; e.g. predators are known to reduce competition between prey species by suppressing their population sizes. a parallel phenomenon may take place in host-parasite systems, with host defence mediating competition between parasite species. 2. we experimentally investigated the impact of host defenc ... | 2008 | 18194262 |
| occurrence of parasitic invasions in domestic pigeons (columba livia domestica) in the northern poland. | considering the dynamic development of domestic pigeons breeding in poland, working out preventive programs for this species of birds becomes necessary. preventive programs should be elaborated based on epizootic situation in a particular area and should be adapted to it. the aim of the present study was to evaluate of the occurrence of parasitic invasions in domestic pigeons in the northern poland. in years 2005/2006, 55 lofts of carrier pigeons and 11 lofts of fancy pigeons were examined. one ... | 2007 | 18198544 |
| long flights and age affect oxidative status of homing pigeons (columba livia). | flying is an energy demanding activity that imposes several physiological challenges on birds, such as increase in energy expenditure. evidence from sports medicine shows that exhausting exercise may cause oxidative stress. studies on avian flight have so far considered several blood parameters, such as uric acid, corticosteroids, or circulating free fatty acids, but only one study has analysed markers of oxidative stress in flying birds. in this study, we evaluated, for the first time, how diff ... | 2008 | 18203993 |
| behavioral and metabolic effects of central injections of orexins/hypocretins in pigeons (columba livia). | in the present study, the acute behavioral and ingestive effects of icv injections of mammalian orexin-a (orxa; vehicle, 0.2, 0.6 or 2 nmol) and of orexin-b (orxb; vehicle, 0.2, 0.6 or 2 nmol), as well as possible long-term effects (through 24 h of continuous intake monitoring after 0.6 nmol of orxa or orxb) of these treatments in food/water intake and in blood levels of metabolic fuels (free fatty acids and glucose, after 0.2 or 0.6 nmol of orxa) were examined in adult male pigeons. both orxa a ... | 2008 | 18234360 |
| pigeons (columba livia) plan future moves on computerized maze tasks. | planning, the internal process of formulating an organized method about one's future behavior, should be advantageous for non-human animals as well as for humans. however, little is known about this process in avian species. we examined planning processes in pigeons (columba livia) using a computerized maze task. in experiment 1, we found that the pigeons plan their next one step, and in some cases even correctly adjust their actions after change of goal locations, while performing on a plus-sha ... | 2008 | 18256862 |
| neural correlates of directed forgetting in the avian prefrontal cortex. | the authors trained 2 homing pigeons (columba livia) on a directed forgetting task with 3 cues: a remember cue that was followed by a memory test and the opportunity to obtain a reward, a forget cue that was not followed by a memory test or a reward, and a free-reward cue that was not followed by a memory test but was followed by a free reward. the authors examined the activity of single neurons in the avian nidopallium caudolaterale, an area equivalent to the primate prefrontal cortex. followin ... | 2008 | 18298263 |
| increased eeg spectral power density during sleep following short-term sleep deprivation in pigeons (columba livia): evidence for avian sleep homeostasis. | birds provide a unique opportunity to evaluate current theories for the function of sleep. like mammalian sleep, avian sleep is composed of two states, slow-wave sleep (sws) and rapid eye-movement (rem) sleep that apparently evolved independently in mammals and birds. despite this resemblance, however, it has been unclear whether avian sws shows a compensatory response to sleep loss (i.e., homeostatic regulation), a fundamental aspect of mammalian sleep potentially linked to the function of sws. ... | 2008 | 18321247 |
| differential projections from the vestibular nuclei to the flocculus and uvula-nodulus in pigeons (columba livia). | the pigeon vestibulocerebellum is divided into two regions based on the responses of purkinje cells to optic flow stimuli: the uvula-nodulus responds best to self-translation, and the flocculus responds best to self-rotation. we used retrograde tracing to determine whether the flocculus and uvula-nodulus receive differential mossy fiber input from the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei. from retrograde injections into the both the flocculus and uvula-nodulus, numerous cells were found in the super ... | 2008 | 18335537 |
| [pigeons and other birds as a reservoir for cryptococcus spp]. | in the last 25 years, the cases of human and animal cryptococcosis have increased significantly. this is mostly due to the improvement in the survival of immunocompromised patients. the disease is frequently related to the exposure of this type of patients to avian droppings. among birds, pigeon, columba livia, is undoubtedly the most important reservoir for the cryptococcus species. nevertheless, the study of a large number of bird's species demonstrated that pigeons are not the only cryptococc ... | 2008 | 18338915 |
| kinematics and power requirements of ascending and descending flight in the pigeon (columba livia). | ascending or descending locomotion involves a change in potential energy (pe) and a corresponding change in power requirement. we sought to test whether the mechanical power required for steady ascending or descending flight is a simple sum of the power required for level flight and the power necessary for potential energy change. pigeons (columba livia) were trained to fly at varying angles of ascent and descent (60 degrees , 30 degrees , 0 degrees , -30 degrees , -60 degrees ), and were record ... | 2008 | 18344487 |
| anti-protozoan activities of harungana madagascariensis stem bark extract on trichomonads and malaria. | the ethanolic stem bark extract of harungana madagascariensis (hypericaceae), (choisy) poir were evaluated for their activities on trichomonas gallinae (rivolta) stabler isolated from the pigeon (columba livia). it was also tested for their anti-malarial activity on n67 plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis (in vivo) in mice and on plasmodium falciparum isolates in vitro. | 2008 | 18372133 |
| molecular evolution and characterization of hepcidin gene products in vertebrates. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) include a diverse group of gene-encoded molecules that play a role in innate defense in many organisms. evolutionary analyses of the amp genes can be challenging because of gene duplication and diversification. recently discovered, hepcidins are small, cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides that also function as hormonal regulators of iron homeostasis. in this paper we investigated the organization, expression and molecular evolution of hepcidin. from searches of the ... | 2008 | 18395368 |
| the comparison of assessment of pigeon semen motility and sperm concentration by conventional methods and the casa system (htm ivos). | the aim of these experiments was to compare conventional, microscopic methods of evaluating pigeon sperm motility and concentration to those measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis (casa system). semen was collected twice a week from two groups of pigeons, each of 40 males (group i: meat-type breed; group ii: fancy pigeon) using the lumbo-sacral and cloacal region massage method. ejaculates collected in each group were diluted 1:100 in bpse solution and divided into two equal samples. one s ... | 2008 | 18423566 |
| herpesviral inclusion body disease in owls and falcons is caused by the pigeon herpesvirus (columbid herpesvirus 1). | a herpesviral disease of rock pigeons (columba livia), called "inclusion body disease" or "inclusion body hepatitis," was first described in the 1940s. the disease involves hepatic and splenic necrosis with associated intranuclear inclusion bodies and occurs primarily in young squabs. a similar herpesviral disease occurs in falcons and owls. serologic and restriction endonuclease digestion studies indicate that herpesviruses from pigeons, falcons, and owls are very closely related and that most ... | 2008 | 18436674 |
| studies on reactivation and transmission of pigeon herpes virus (phv) for raising phv-free pigeons (columba livia dom.). | for raising pigeons free of herpes virus infection, 12 parental pigeons were monitored for shedding of pigeon herpes virus (phv) during 18 weeks of reproduction. in most of the birds only a sporadic virus excretion, which was never associated with clinical signs could be observed. however, three out of seven squabs raised by their parents became infected during the first 3 weeks of life and all seven became phv seropositive within 4 months. therefore, we raised seven squabs hatched in an incubat ... | 1997 | 18483950 |
| discrimination of moving video images of self by pigeons (columba livia). | the ability to recognize self has been known to be limited to some animal species, but previous research has focused almost exclusively on the animal's reaction to a mirror. recent studies suggest that the temporal contingency between a subject's action and the corresponding visual scene reflected in a mirror plays an important role in self-recognition. to assess the roles of visual-proprioceptive contiguity in self-recognition, we explored whether pigeons are able to discriminate videos of them ... | 2008 | 18521633 |
| persistent west nile virus transmission and the apparent displacement st. louis encephalitis virus in southeastern california, 2003-2006. | west nile virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, wnv) invaded the colorado desert biome of southern california during summer 2003 and seemed to displace previously endemic st. louis encephalitis virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, slev, an antigenically similar flavivirus in the japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex). western equine encephalomyelitis virus (family togaviridae, genus alphavirus, weev), an antigenically distinct alphavirus, was detected during 2005 and 2006, ind ... | 2008 | 18533445 |
| toxicological effects of diclofenac in four avian species. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the toxico-pathological effects of diclofenac in different avian species including broiler chicks (gallus gallus, 15 days old), pigeons (columba livia, 3 months old), japanese quail (coturnix japonica, 4 weeks old) and mynah (acridotheres tristis, independent young). for each species, five groups each containing 10 birds were maintained and administered diclofenac sodium orally at dose rates of 0, 0.25, 2.5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight, respe ... | 2008 | 18568659 |
| evidence of avian metapneumovirus subtype c infection of wild birds in georgia, south carolina, arkansas and ohio, usa. | metapneumoviruses (mpvs) were first reported in avian species (ampvs) in the late 1970s and in humans in 2001. although ampvs have been reported in europe and asia for over 20 years, the virus first appeared in the united states in 1996, leaving many to question the origin of the virus and why it proved to be a different subtype from those found elsewhere. to examine the potential role of migratory waterfowl and other wild birds in ampv spread, our study focused on determining whether population ... | 2008 | 18568663 |
| first report of establishment of trypanosoma evansi infection in pigeon nestlings (columba livia). | trypanosomosis (surra) caused by trypanosoma evansi is quite common among horses where the parasite is endemic. in the present study, t. evansi was isolated from an infected horse and maintained by subinoculation in swiss albino mice. at the peak of parasitemia (5 x 10(6) parasites per ml of blood), 0.25 ml of the tail blood from infected mice was inoculated intraperitoneally and subcutaneously to 2 groups of adult pigeons and 2 groups of pigeon nestlings. four days after inoculation, the trypan ... | 2008 | 18576831 |
| female stimuli trigger gene expression in male pigeons. | the immediate early gene zenk encodes transcriptional regulators and is believed to be one of the first steps in the formation of long-term memories associated with a given stimulus. in this study, we investigated the expression of zenk protein product in brain regions that are likely involved in the processing of social stimuli, such as a potential mate. male pigeons (columba livia) were exposed to one of the following: (1) a live female pigeon, (2) a video playback of a female pigeon, (3) a vi ... | 2009 | 18633838 |
| an epidemic of fatal hepatic necrosis of viral origin in racing pigeons (columba livia). | in october 1992, a new disease characterised by acute death in racing pigeons of all ages was noted among the belgian pigeon population. clinical symptoms were minimal since affected birds usually died within 24 h. mortality in pigeon lofts usually amounted to 30%. the most typical necropsy finding was a yellow, pale and swollen liver. histological and cytological examinations revealed extensive focal or diffuse hepatic necrosis and the presence of eosinophilic or amphophilic nuclear inclusion b ... | 1995 | 18645804 |
| quantification of the immunoglobulin classes igg and iga in the young and adult pigeon (columba livia). | pigeon immunoglobulin classes igg and iga were purified and specific isotype antisera were produced in rabbits. the antisera were used to develop a quantitative assay for both immunoglobulins. serum igg concentrations in relation to age showed a similar pattern in pigeons to that in chickens. the same applies to the transfer of maternal immunoglobulins via egg. besides this transfer mechanism, an additional transfer of immunoglobulins exists in the pigeon via feeding of crop milk. crop milk cont ... | 1992 | 18670956 |
| failure of nitro-imidazole drugs to control trichomoniasis in the racing pigeon (columba livia domestica). | the nitro-imidazole drugs ronidazol. dimetridazol, metronidazol and carnidazol failed to control trichomonas gallinae in the racing pigeon, presumably due to acquired drug resistance. | 1990 | 18679923 |
| plasma chemistry and urine analysis in salmonella-induced polyuria in racing pigeons (columba livia). | polyuria-polydipsia is a frequent observation in pigeons with salmonellosis. these are accompanied by a decreased albumin/globulin ratio, increased creatinine and haptoglobin concentrations, and decrease in the chloride concentration in the blood plasma. the urine was found to have a low density with red and white blood cells frequently present in the sediment. a water deprivation test was conducted on three animals: polyuria disappeared and plasma urea increased significantly. | 1991 | 18680034 |
| comparison between co2 laser and 4.0 mhz radiosurgery for incising skin in white carneau pigeons (columba livia). | to objectively evaluate the collateral damage associated with radiosurgical and carbon dioxide (co2) laser devices, a comparative surgical and histologic study was undertaken in white carneau pigeons (columba livia). ten pigeons were anesthetized, and a series of 3 skin incisions were made in the pectoral region by using a 4.0-mhz radiosurgical unit, a co2 laser, and a scalpel blade (control). a total of 90 skin incisions were microscopically evaluated, and their associated mechanical- and therm ... | 2008 | 18689070 |
| columbid herpesvirus-1 in two cooper's hawks (accipiter cooperii) with fatal inclusion body disease. | we report two separate naturally occurring cases of fatal herpesviral disease in cooper's hawks (accipiter cooperii). gross lesions included splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, with diffuse pale mottling or scattered small white foci. histologic lesions included splenic and hepatic necrosis associated with eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies characteristic of herpesvirus. in one case, necrosis and inclusions were also noted in bone marrow, thymus, bursa of fabricius, thyroid gland, parathyroid ... | 2008 | 18689647 |
| starlings can categorize symmetry differences in dot displays. | fluctuating asymmetry is an estimate of developmental stability and, in some cases, the asymmetry of morphological traits can reflect aspects of individual fitness. as asymmetry can be a marker for fitness, it has been proposed that organisms could use morphological asymmetry as a direct visual cue during inter- and intraspecific encounters. despite some experimental evidence to support this prediction, the perceptual abilities of animals to detect and respond to symmetry differences have been l ... | 2001 | 18707326 |
| visually guided capture of a moving stimulus by the pigeon (columba livia). | although the pigeon is a popular model for studying visual perception, relatively little is known about its perception of motion. three experiments examined the pigeons' ability to capture a moving stimulus. in experiment 1, the effect of manipulating stimulus speed and the length of the stimulus was examined using a simple rightward linear motion. this revealed a clear effect of length on capture and speed on errors. errors were mostly anticipatory and there appeared to be two processes contrib ... | 2009 | 18719954 |
| epidemiological and genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii in urban pigeons from the area of lisbon (portugal). | circumstantial evidence suggests that birds may be a good indicator of soil contamination, since they feed from the ground. therefore a study was conducted to assess the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in urban pigeons (columba livia) from different areas of the city of lisbon and to genetically characterize t. gondii strains isolated from infected animals, in order to assess circulating genotypes. sera from 695 pigeons captured at 33 different localities of the city of lisbon were assayed by th ... | 2008 | 18722717 |
| [interpretation of the epizootic outbreak among wild and domestic birds in the south of the european part of russia in december 2007]. | the paper presents the results of interpreting the epizootic outbreak etiologically associated with high-virulent influenza virus a/h5n1 among domestic and wild birds in the zernogradsky and tselinsky districts of the rostov region. epizooty was characterized by a high infection rate in the synanthropic birds of a ground-based complex. rt-pct revealed influenza virus a/h5 in 60% of pigeons and crows and in around 20% of starlings, and in 10% of tree sparrows. fifteen viral strains from chickens ... | 2008 | 18756811 |
| tissue distribution of amoxycillin after oral and intramuscular administration to pigeons (columba livia). | tissue distribution of amoxycillin in homing pigeons was studied after oral administration of amoxycillin trihydrate and after intramuscular injection of an oily amoxycillin suspension, both after a single dose of 100 mg/kg. after the injection muscular damage at the injection site was studied by serum chemistry, and by macroscopic and histologic examination. after oral administration high peak levels were found in most tissues, but at 8 hours post-administration (p.a.) in most organs no drug le ... | 1986 | 18766568 |
| action of acth1-24 upon plasma corticosterone concentrations in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | to establish the optimal dose and sampling times for the acth stimulation test in racing pigeons, plasma corticosterone concentrations were measured in experimental animals at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min after intramuscular administration of different doses of acth(1-24). baseline corticosterone concentrations varied between less than 0.2 and 1.24 microg/dl. to evaluate adrenocortical function the clinician is advised to take a blood sample before and at 60 or 90 min after stimulation with 50 ... | 1987 | 18766607 |
| plasma urea, creatinine and uric acid concentrations in response to dehydration in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | plasma urea, creatinine and uric acid concentrations were determined in six racing pigeons that had been deprived of water for 3 days. plasma urea concentration showed a 6.5- to 15.3-fold increase, creatinine a 1.2- to 1.5-fold increase and uric acid a 1.4- to 2-fold increase when compared with values before water deprivation. although these increases were significant, plasma urea and plasma creatinine were the only variables that were significantly elevated above reference values for these vari ... | 1987 | 18766627 |
| clinical evaluation of thyroid function in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | reference values for basal thyroxine (t4) concentrations in racing pigeons are presented for use in clinical pathology. values for basal plasma t4 concentrations in healthy racing pigeons over the four seasons were 6-35 nmol/litre. significant differences were seen between seasons. to differentiate between primary hypothyroidism and other causes of lowered plasma t4 concentrations the optimum dose and sampling times for a tsh stimulation test in this species were determined. a convenient applica ... | 1988 | 18766667 |
| collection and analysis of urine from racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | urine from racing pigeons (columba livia domestica) was collected by a method using cloacal cannulation. reference values for 12 chemical and physical variables in urine of racing pigeons were determined for use in clinical practice. | 1988 | 18766679 |
| a water deprivation test for the differentiation of polyuric disorders in birds. | a water deprivation test was developed for the differentiation of polyuric disorders in birds using the racing pigeon as a model. for a period of 3 days of food and water deprivation, urine and plasma osmolalities and body weight of 40 clinically healthy racing pigeons were monitored. reference values for urine osmolality after 40 hours of food deprivation were 79 to 480 mosmol/kg. after 64 hours of food deprivation and 24 hours of water deprivation these values were 450 to 875 mosmol/kg. no sig ... | 1988 | 18766695 |
| blood chemistry reference values for use in columbine hepatology. | reference values of nine plasma chemical variables considered to be of potential use for the (differential) diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica) were determined. enzymes included creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate amino-transferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase and cholinesterase. plasma bile acid concentrations were also measured. | 1988 | 18766709 |
| enzyme activities in tissues and elimination half-lives of homologous muscle and liver enzymes in the racing pigeon (columba livia domestica). | tissue enzyme profiles of heart, liver, pectoral muscle, quadriceps muscle, duodenum, kidney and brain from racing pigeons were established. the enzymes were alanine aminotransferase (alat), aspartate aminotransferase (asat), glutamate dehydrogenase (gldh), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), gamma glutamyltransferase (y-gt), alkaline phosphatase (ap), and creatine kinase (ck). elimination half-lives (tybeta) of certain enzymes were also determined. the mean values (+/- sd) were: asat, 7.66 +/- 1.55 (l ... | 1988 | 18766746 |
| changes in plasma chemistry after drug-induced liver disease or muscle necrosis in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | changes in plasma variables as a result of liver damage induced by ethylene glycol (group a) or d-galactosamine (group b) and of muscle damage induced by doxycycline were compared. plasma bile acid concentration was both a specific and a sensitive indicator of liver disease. another specific, but less sensitive indicator of liver disease was 7-gt. plasma as at activity was the most sensitive indicator of disease of the liver, but was not specific, since increased asat activities were also seen d ... | 1988 | 18766747 |
| isolation of mycoplasma spp. from racing pigeons (columba livia). | live and dead racing pigeons (columba livia) from five lofts in norfolk and suffolk were examined clinically and cultured for mycoplasma spp. both clinically healthy birds and those showing signs of mild respiratory disease were included. the oropharynx was the culture site for 130 live birds, the nasal sinuses and other tissues for 58 carcases. mycoplasma columbinum, m. columborale and m. columbinasale were isolated from the oropharynges and nasal sinuses; m. columbinum and m. columbinasale fro ... | 1984 | 18766822 |
| [leukosis in captive wild birds]. | among 2589 captive wild birds, examined between 1974 and 1983, we found leukosis in 26 birds belonging to 13 different species and five orders. we diagnosed lymphoid leukosis in 11 birds (two melopsittacus undulatus, two psittacus erithacus one platycerus eximius, one columba livia, one streptopelia decaocto, one polyplectron bicalcaratum, one pavo cristatus, one aptenodytes patachonia and one finch, species unknown), myeloid leukosis in 14 (nine melopsittacus undulatus, two agapomis personata f ... | 1984 | 18766880 |
| the influence of blood sample treatment on plasma potassium concentrations in avian blood. | plasma potassium concentrations were determined in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica), chickens (gallus domesticas) and man (homo sapiens) after different storage times of uncentrifuged blood samples at room temperature. in the pigeon plasma potassium concentrations declined rapidly. after 10 min the reduction was 9.5% and declined by 65% after 120 min. no further reduction was noted up to 24 hours. in chickens decreases were also noted but were smaller overall with a 29% decrease being no ... | 1985 | 18766918 |
| antigenic and biological characterisation of avian paramyxovirus type i isolates from pigeons--an international collaborative study. | during 1981-1983 a disease of pigeons (columba livia), characterised predominantly by nervous signs, spread across europe. in the present study 57 viruses isolated from pigeons from 15 countries (12 european, japan, israel and sudan) were characterised. all were shown to be avian paramyxoviruses of the a/pmv-1 serotype. monoclonal antibody binding tests showed 53 of the viruses to be identical. the virus from sudan was similar to these viruses but showed distinguishable variation. one vaccinal v ... | 1985 | 18766929 |
| blood chemistry reference values in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | reference values for 23 blood chemical parameters in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica) were established for use in clinical pathology. the inner limits are given for the percentiles p(2).(5) and p(97.5) with a probability of 90%. a minimum of 50 blood samples collected between september and january from different animals aged between 6 months and 12 years (median 1.5 years) was used for each parameter. reference values obtained in the present study are compared with values published previ ... | 1985 | 18766932 |
| ultimobranchial and parathyroid glands of the pigeon columba livia in response to 1,25oh2d3 administration. | columba livia were given daily intraperitoneal injections of 100 pmol of 1,25(oh)(2)d(3)/100 g body wt. for 15 days. ultimobranchial and parathyroid glands were fixed on 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th and 15th day of the experiment. following 1,25(oh)(2)d(3) treatment, the plasma calcium levels of pigeon remain unchanged on day 1. the levels increase significantly after day 3 which progresses up to day 10. the plasma calcium level becomes normal at day 15. the plasma inorganic phosphate levels of columba l ... | 2008 | 18767053 |
| contagious paralysis of pigeons. | a disease affecting domestic pigeons characterised by marked contagiousness, high mortality and rapidly progressing paralysis of the extremities is reported. gross and microscopical findings in naturally affected pigeons are given. a viral agent was isolated and found to be a herpesvirus. reproduction of the disease in domestic pigeons with the isolated virus and its reisolation suggests it may be causally related to the condition. | 1978 | 18770416 |
| pathogenicity of chinese h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in pigeons. | it has long been thought that pigeons are resistant against h5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses. recently, however, highly pathogenic h5n1 avian influenza viruses have demonstrated distinct biological properties that may be capable of causing disease in pigeons. to examine the susceptibility of domestic pigeons to recent h5n1 viruses, we inoculated pigeons using h5n1 viruses isolated in china from 2002 to 2004. within 21 days following inoculation, all pigeons had survived and fu ... | 2008 | 18779923 |
| modelling aspergillus fumigatus infections in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica). | in vivo modelling of aspergillosis in birds allows the evaluation of control measures and the study of host-pathogen interactions. in this study the impact of the use of different inoculation routes and immunosuppression on the course of an infection with aspergillus fumigatus in racing pigeons (columba livia domestica) was examined. a. fumigatus conidia were inoculated in the thoracic air sac, lung or trachea in immunocompetent or immunosuppressed pigeon squabs. immunosuppression was induced by ... | 2008 | 18798031 |