Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| translational regulation of cyclin b mrna by 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (maturation-inducing hormone) during oocyte maturation in a teleost fish, the goldfish (carassius auratus). | 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17alpha,20beta-dp) was identified as maturation-inducing hormone (mih) in several teleost fishes. in goldfish (carassius auratus), 17alpha,20beta-dp induces oocyte maturation by stimulating the de novo synthesis of cyclin b, a regulatory subunit of maturation-promoting factor (mpf). in this study, we examined the control mechanisms of 17alpha,20beta-dp-induced de novo synthesis of cyclin b protein in oocytes, which is a prerequisite step for mpf activati ... | 1999 | 10630408 |
| cytological and biochemical alterations in carassius auratus hepatocytes from exposure to sediment containing dioxins and related compounds. | cytological and biochemical alterations of crucial carp (carassius auratus) hepatocytes were characterized after exposure to sediments from a lake contaminated with dioxins and other industrial chemicals. carp were exposed in 20 l water containing 25, 50, or 100 g of contaminated sediment for 2 and 4 weeks. ultrastructural changes in the liver were characterized by severe enlargement of hepatocytes. alterations in the cell included formation of condensed and irregular cell nucleus, polynuclei, d ... | 1999 | 10473792 |
| uptake of particulate lead via the gills of fish (carassius auratus). | carassius auratus were exposed to mixtures of constant free lead (0. 1 mg/l) and particulate lead (adsorbed on gibbsite particles) at varied concentrations (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/l). the concentrations of lead and aluminum in the gills and intestines of the fish were determined after exposure. the gills were examined (after the exposure) with a light microscope for any particles adhering to the surface. the examination results revealed that lead accumulations on the gills increased w ... | 1999 | 10473791 |
| neuropeptide y has a stimulatory action on feeding behavior in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible role of neuropeptide y (npy) in the feeding regulation in fish. we examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) neuropeptide y administration on food intake in satiated goldfish, at different time intervals postinjection (0-2, 2-8 and 0-8 h). food intake was significantly increased by i.c.v. administered neuropeptide y (1 microg) at 2 h postinjection, while no significant differences in food inta ... | 1999 | 10456424 |
| nmda and non-nmda receptors mediate responses in the primary gustatory nucleus in goldfish. | primary gustatory afferents from the oropharynx of the goldfish, carassius auratus, terminate in the vagal lobe, a laminated structure in the dorsal medulla comparable to the gustatory portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract in mammals. we utilized an in vitro brain slice preparation to test the role of different ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in synaptic transmission of gustatory information by recording changes in field potentials after application of various glutamate receptor an ... | 1999 | 10192474 |
| interval schedule performance in the goldfish carassius auratus. | in experiment 1, five goldfish (carassius auratus) paddle-pressed on fixed-interval (fi) and variable-interval (vi) schedules for food pellet reinforcement. the order of conditions was fi 60 s, fi 240 s, fi 30 s, fi 60 s, and vi 60 s. fi responding showed a scalloped pattern and response-rate break points were proportional to interval duration. post-food wait times varied with interval duration, but were not proportional. response rate on vi was constant. experiment 2 studied the properties of f ... | 1999 | 24897536 |
| characterization of ampa receptors on isolated amacrine-like cells in carp retina. | in amacrine-like cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we recorded whole-cell responses to rapid application of glutamate and kainate. currents induced by glutamate, but not kainate, usually showed extremely rapid desensitization, and the mean time constant for the decay of the responses to 10 mm glutamate was 2.77 ms. n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) failed to induce any current even with coapplication of glycine and removal of extracellular mg2 +. 1-(4-aminophenyl) ... | 1999 | 10594649 |
| morphometric study of the regeneration of individual rays in teleost tail fins. | the results obtained using morphometric variables which describe fin ray regeneration patterns are reported for individual fin ray amputations in the goldfish (carassius auratus) and zebrafish (brachydanio rerio). classical and updated experiments are compared to verify previous morphogenetic models of cell tractions (oster et al. 1983) or epidermis-mesenchyme induction (saunders et al. 1959) applied to the limb of other vertebrates. position-dependent patterns within the fin of carassius auratu ... | 1999 | 10580854 |
| modulation of desensitization at glutamate receptors in isolated crucian carp horizontal cells by concanavalin a, cyclothiazide, aniracetam and pepa. | in horizontal cells freshly dissociated from crucian carp (carassius auratus) retina, we examined the effects of modulators of glutamate receptor desensitization, concanavalin a, cyclothiazide, aniracetam and 4-[2-(phenylsulfonylamino)ethylthio]-2,6-difluoro-phenoxyacetam ide (pepa), on responses to rapid application of glutamate and kainate, using whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. incubation of concanavalin a suppressed the peak response but weakly potentiated the equilibrium response of hor ... | 1999 | 10199629 |
| decrease in occurrence of fast startle responses after selective mauthner cell ablation in goldfish (carassius auratus). | a single action potential in one of a pair of reticulospinal neurons, the mauthner cells, precedes a short-latency electromyographic response of the trunk and tail musculature on the opposite side of the body and a fast startle response in goldfish. it has been postulated that not only the mauthner cell, but also an array of neurons can trigger or participate in fast startle responses (eaton et al. 1991). we have selectively ablated the mauthner cells in goldfish to study how neurons of the brai ... | 1999 | 10192953 |
| stress and adrenocorticosteroid dynamics in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1999 | 1171717 | |
| [immunocytology of alpha-endorphin positive hypothalamic fibers of carassius auratus l. and cyprinus carpio l]. | an immunocytological study of the basal hypothalamus of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio with an alpha-endorphin antiserum shows the different nerve processes belonging probably to the immunoreactive cells of the lateral part of the n.l.t. according to their pathways, two main fibre tracts have been distinguished: many fluorescent fibres converge towards the pituitary gland into which they enter, other fibres run caudally through the tuber towards the nucleus tuberis inferior (baumgarten an ... | 1999 | 97002 |
| two gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor subtypes with distinct ligand selectivity and differential distribution in brain and pituitary in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | in the goldfish (carassius auratus) the two endogenous forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh), namely chicken gnrh ii ([his5, trp7,tyr8]gnrh) and salmon gnrh ([trp7,leu8]gnrh), stimulate the release of both gonadotropins and growth hormone from the pituitary. this control is thought to occur by means of the stimulation of distinct gnrh receptors. these receptors can be distinguished on the basis of differential gonadotropin and growth hormone releasing activities of naturally occurring g ... | 1999 | 10051676 |
| molecular cloning of an estrogen receptor beta subtype from the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the brain of many teleost fish species, including the goldfish carassius auratus, expresses exceptionally high levels of cytochrome p450 aromatase (estrogen synthetase). to begin investigating the molecular and cellular targets of estrogen action in goldfish brain, a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) cloning strategy was used to isolate an estrogen receptor (er) complementary dna (cdna). the 2283-bp cdna isolated from goldfish liver encoded a protein of 568 amino acids (aa) with an estimated molec ... | 1999 | 10068500 |
| genetic diversity in crucian carp (carassius auratus). | a survey of restriction fragment polymorphism in mitochondrial dna of three subspecies of carassius auratus throughout four provinces in china was undertaken using 17 restriction enzymes. two carp, cyprinus carpio rubbrofuscus and cyprinus carpio carpio, were included as the outgroup. a total of 16 haplotypes was observed: 5 in tetraploids of c. auratus auratus; 8 in hexaploids of c. auratus auratus; and 2 in c. auratus gibelio and c. auratus cuvieri, respectively. the tetraploids and hexaploids ... | 1999 | 10626035 |
| expression of human blood group antigens a and b in stomach cells of c. carpio, c. auratus, r. ridibunda and h. sapiens. | human blood group abh antigens are found not only on red blood cell membranes, but in many other cell types as well. their biological functions still remain unclear. the aim of the present study was to examine the cellular expression of these antigens in the stomach of representatives of different vertebrates--pisces and amphibia and to compare it with their expression found in man. the immunohistochemical technique applied was based on the biotinstreptavidin-peroxidase complex. monoclonal antib ... | 1999 | 10658361 |
| whirling disease: host specificity and interaction between the actinosporean stage of myxobolus cerebralis and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | scanning electron microscopic studies were conducted on rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss in the first 60 min after their exposure to the triactinomyxon spores of myxobolus cerebralis. the results demonstrated that as early as 1 min post exposure the whole process, from the attachment of the triactinomyxon spores to the complete penetration of their sporoplasm germs, had occurred. the triactinomyxon spores sought out the secretory openings of mucous cells of the epidermis, the respiratory epithe ... | 1999 | 10073310 |
| cloning of a fragment of the osteonectin gene from goldfish, carassius auratus: its expression and potential regulation by estrogen. | during reproduction, female teleost fish display increased plasma estrogen and greatly increased total plasma calcium concentrations; the main source of this calcium seems to be the scale. osteonectin, a collagen-binding glycoprotein, is a major noncollagenous constituent of mammalian bone and is a product mainly of the osteoblasts. rt-pct has been applied to clone and sequence part of the osteonectin gene from the goldfish, carassius auratus. the use of a goldfish scale cell line (gfs) and a sp ... | 1999 | 10094861 |
| pathogenicity of mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium smegmatis to goldfish, carassius auratus. | despite the ubiquitous presence of atypical mycobacteria in the environment and the potential risk of infection in humans and animals, the pathogenesis of diseases caused by infection with atypical mycobacteria has been poorly characterized. in this study, goldfish, carassius auratus were infected either with the rapidly growing fish pathogen, mycobacterium fortuitum or with another rapidly growing mycobacteria, mycobacterium smegmatis. bacterial persistence and pathological host response to myc ... | 1999 | 10227476 |
| fish macrophages express a cyclo-oxygenase-2 homologue after activation. | in mammals, the increased generation of prostaglandins (pg) during the onset of inflammatory responses and activation of immune cell types has been attributed to the induction of a novel cyclo-oxygenase (cox) isoform, termed cox-2, which is distinct from the well-characterized constitutive activity (cox-1). goldfish (carassius auratus) macrophages exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and leucocyte-derived macrophage-activating factor(s) showed a significant increase in the generation of the m ... | 1999 | 10229670 |
| identification of serum gh-binding proteins in the goldfish (carassius auratus) and comparison with mammalian gh-binding proteins. | the present study constitutes the characterization of a specific, high-affinity gh-binding protein (ghbp) in the serum of a teleost, the goldfish (carassius auratus). gh-binding assay and ligand blotting techniques were employed to identify ghbps in goldfish serum and hepatocyte culture medium. the binding characteristics and apparent molecular weights (mr) of goldfish ghbps were also compared with those of rabbit and rat. ligand analysis identified a single class of high-affinity and low-capaci ... | 1999 | 10320823 |
| recombinant goldfish activin b stimulates gonadotropin-ibeta but inhibits gonadotropin-iibeta expression in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | it is well documented that the pituitary in teleosts produces two gonadotropins, namely gonadotropin-i (gth-i) and gonadotropin-ii (gth-ii), which may regulate different phases of the reproductive cycle. however, unlike in mammals, very little is known about the differential regulation of the two gths in fish. using goldfish as a model, the present study demonstrates, for the first time, that activin, a protein factor that plays a critical role in the differential regulation of mammalian fsh and ... | 1999 | 10525364 |
| superoxide production in phagocytes obtained from mycobacterium marinum-stimulated goldfish (carassius auratus) that were exposed to copper. | to investigate the effects of copper exposure and recovery from copper toxicosis on the nonspecific immune response in mycobacterium marinum-inoculated goldfish. | 1999 | 10376889 |
| stimulation of feeding behavior and food consumption in the goldfish, carassius auratus, by orexin-a and orexin-b. | the neuropeptides, orexin-a and orexin-b, have been demonstrated to have a physiological role in the regulation of food intake in mammals. the effects of human orexin-a and orexin-b intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection on the feeding behavior of goldfish (carassius auratus) were investigated. i.c.v. injection of orexin-a and orexin-b both caused a significant increase in appetite, as indicated by an increased number of feeding acts. orexin-a and orexin-b both significantly stimulated food ... | 1999 | 10556637 |
| in vitro analysis of venom from the wasp nasonia vitripennis: susceptibility of different cell lines and venom-induced changes in plasma membrane permeability. | the lethal effects of crude venom prepared from the ectoparasitic wasp nasonia vitripennis were examined with cultured cells from six insect and two vertebrate species. venom caused cells from sarcophaga peregrina (nih sape4), drosophila melanogaster (crl 1963), trichoplusia ni (tn-368 and bti-tn-5b1-4), spodoptera frugiperda (sf-21ae), and lymantria dispar (ipl-ldfbc1) to round up, swell, and eventually die. despite similar sensitivities and overlapping lc50 values [0.0004-0.0015 venom reservoi ... | 1999 | 10475265 |
| the molecular genetics of red and green color vision in mammals. | to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of red-green color vision in mammals, we have cloned and sequenced the red and green opsin cdnas of cat (felis catus), horse (equus caballus), gray squirrel (sciurus carolinensis), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and guinea pig (cavia porcellus). these opsins were expressed in cos1 cells and reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal. the purified visual pigments of the cat, horse, squirrel, deer, and guinea pig have lambdamax values at 553, 545, 532, 531 ... | 1999 | 10511567 |
| seasonal changes in mrna levels of gonadotropin and thyrotropin subunits in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | seasonal changes in the mrna levels of glycoprotein alpha, gonadotropin (gth) ibeta and iibeta, and thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh)) beta subunits in the pituitary of goldfish were quantified by northern blot analysis and laser densitometry. reproductive development and thyroid activity were monitored by measuring gonadosomatic index, plasma gth ii, testosterone (t), estradiol, 11-ketotestosterone, and thyroid hormones (t4 and t3). plasma gth ii and steroids showed characteristic ... | 1999 | 10068504 |
| actions of two forms of gonadotropin releasing hormone and a gnrh antagonist on spawning behavior of the goldfish carassius auratus. | the central effects of two native forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh), salmon gnrh (sgnrh) and chicken gnrh-ii (cgnrh-ii), and a gnrh antagonist, ¿ac-delta 3-pro(1), 4fd-phe(2), d-trp(3, 6)mgnrh (analog e), on the spawning behavior of sexually recrudescent female goldfish were investigated. the effects of analog e were also observed in mature males. female spawning behavior was induced by intramuscular injection of females with prostaglandin f(2alpha) and placing them in the presence ... | 1999 | 10603273 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding a cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein (e2-c) from carassius auratus (goldfish) and expression analysis of the cloned gene. | destruction of cyclin b is required for exit from mitosis and meiosis. a cyclin-specific ubiquitinating system, including cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein (e2-c), is thought to be responsible for cyclin b destruction. here we present the cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of goldfish, carassius auratus, e2-c which encodes the cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein from goldfish ovary. the cloned cdna is 677 bp long and encodes 172 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequen ... | 1999 | 10570943 |
| x-ray microanalysis of myotomal muscle in the sunbleak, leucaspius delineatus (heckel) and goldfish, carassius auratus gibelio. | the functioning of a group of muscle fibres as a tissue that performs a well characterized type of contraction (slow or fast) depends on their biochemical and structural organization that is already well established. the biochemical and structural diversities between three types of fish muscle fibres found also a reflection in the content of light elements. the present work demonstrates significant differences in the content of diffusible elements (cl, k, na, and mg) and bound elements (p and s) ... | 1999 | 10754791 |
| closed water recirculating system for fish rearing equipped with bioreactor capable of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. | five crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfiicarps had been reared in a closed water recirculating system. the system was equipped with the compact bioreactor using the plate gels capable of both nitrification and denitrification in a single unit. ammonia and nitrite concentrations in the rearing water had been maintained below 0.05 mg-n/l, and nitrate concentration also controlled between 2 and 8 mg-n/l with the bioreactor. as concerns nitrogen budget in the closed system, 95.0% of nitrogen ... | 1999 | 11542800 |
| spectral contrasts underlying auditory stream segregation in goldfish (carassius auratus). | this study investigates the effects of spectral separation of sounds on the ability of goldfish to acquire independent information about two simultaneous complex sources. goldfish were conditioned to a complex sound made up of two sets of repeated acoustic pulses: a high-frequency pulse with a spectral envelope centered at 625 hz, and a low-frequency pulse type centered at 240, 305, 390, or 500 hz. the pulses were presented with each pulse type alternating with an overall pulse repetition rate o ... | 2000 | 11545140 |
| evolutionary and physiological variation in cardiac troponin c in relation to thermal strategies of fish. | striated muscle contraction is initiated when troponin c (tnc) binds ca(2+), which activates actinomyosin atpase. we investigated (i) the variation between cardiac tnc (ctnc) primary structure within teleost fish and (ii) the pattern of tnc expression in response to temperature acclimation. there were few differences between rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), yellowfin tuna (thunnus albacares), yellow perch (perca flavescens), goldfish (carassius auratus), white sucker (catostomus commersoni), ... | 2000 | 11121357 |
| the ageing of the low-frequency water disturbances caused by swimming goldfish and its possible relevance to prey detection. | wakes caused by swimming goldfish (carassius auratus) were measured with a particle image velocimetry system and analyzed using a cross-correlation technique. particle velocities in a horizontal plane (size of measuring plane 24 cmx32 cm or 20 cmx27 cm) were determined, and the vorticity in the plane was derived from these data. the wake behind a swimming goldfish can show a clear vortex structure for at least 30 s. particle velocities significantly higher than background noise could still be de ... | 2000 | 10708639 |
| surface ultrastructure of metagonimus takahashii metacercariae and adults. | a scanning electron microscopic study was performed on the surface ultrastructure of metacercariae and adults of metagonimus takahashii. metacercariae were collected from the scale of crucian carp (carassius auratus), and adult flukes were harvested 1-4 weeks after infection to rats. in excysted metacercariae, the oral sucker had type i (numerous) and type ii (seven in total) sensory papillae. tegumental spines were dense and digitated into 5-7 points on the surface anterior to the ventral sucke ... | 2000 | 10743353 |
| identification of the goldfish 20s proteasome beta6 subunit bound to nuclear matrix. | proteasomes are large, multisubunit particles that act as the proteolytic machinery for most of the regulated intracellular protein breakdown in eukaryotic cells. proteasomes are present in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. when we analyzed the molecular composition of protein constituents of the nuclear matrix preparation of goldfish oocytes by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by sequence analysis, we found a 26 kda spot identical in amino acid sequence to the beta6 sub ... | 2000 | 10781806 |
| the distribution of the introduced tapeworm bothriocephalus acheilognathi in australian freshwater fishes. | native and exotic fishes were collected from 29 sites across coastal and inland new south wales, queensland and victoria, using a range of techniques, to infer the distribution of bothriocephalus acheilognathi (cestoda: pseudophyllidea) and the host species in which it occurs. the distribution of b. acheilognathi was determined by that of its principal host, carp, cyprinus carpio; it did not occur at sites where carp were not present. the parasite was recorded from all native fish species where ... | 2000 | 10881282 |
| specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity against a virus-infected syngeneic cell line in isogeneic ginbuna crucian carp. | in the present study, we attempted to determine whether virus-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity occurs in fish. experiments were conducted with clonal ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) (s3n strain), and the syngeneic cell line (cfs). two infectious viruses were used: infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) and eel virus from america (eva). peripheral blood leukocytes, which consisted almost entirely (95%) of lymphocytes and thrombocytes, from s3n ginbuna immunized with v ... | 2000 | 10831797 |
| immunoglobulin vh genes of the goldfish, carassius auratus: a re-examination. | five vh-related genomic sequences from the goldfish, carassius auratus, have been characterized. one of these sequences appeared to be a functional gene, and four to be pseudogenes. the main conclusions drawn from this study were that: (1) with minor exceptions, goldfish vh genes conform to the typical pattern of vertebrate vh genes in terms of their structure (they encode an intron-split hydrophobic leader, 3 framework and 2 complementarity-determining regions, and possess a typical 3' recombin ... | 2000 | 1905783 |
| exposure of goldfish (carassius auratus) to bluegills (lepomis macrochirus) enhances expression of stress protein 70 mrna in the brains and increases plasma cortisol levels. | the effect of psychological stress on hsp70 mrna in the brains and plasma cortisol levels in goldfish was examined. stress was induced by exposure to a predator (bluegills). hsp70 mrna and cortisol were determined by northern blotting and elisa, respectively. goldfish exposed to four predators in the same tank without a partition showed marked increases in hsp70 mrna and cortisol levels 6 hr and 12 hr after commencement of exposure. when goldfish were separated from bluegills with a net partitio ... | 2000 | 18522459 |
| effect of the pesticide deltamethrin on the mauthner cells of lake balaton fish. | deltamethrin, a synthetic pesticide [(s)alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1r)-cis-3-(2.2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dim ethylcyclopropane-carboxylate] used for extermination of mosquitoes on the shores of lake balaton, has been found to induce severe impairments of the nervous system of several lake balaton fish, such as carp (cyprinus carpio), goldfish (carassius auratus gibelis bloch), eel (anguilla anguilla) and wels (silurus glanis). it has been shown that deltamethrin, in a concentration of 1 microgram/l ... | 2000 | 10894124 |
| immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the fish retina under light and dark adaptations. | previously we have observed the lack of immunoreactivity of taurine in the rod outer segments from light-adapted fish, such as the ayu plecoglossus altivelis and lefteye flounder paralichthys olivaceus. this finding prompted us to investigate if there is a difference in the immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the rod outer segments between the dark- and light-adapted states. in the retinas of the glass eel anguilla japonica and the young goldfish carassius auratus, extremely intense im ... | 2000 | 11140362 |
| analysis of genetic heterogeneity among five gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio bloch, based on detection of rapd molecular markers. | the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, is a unique model system for studying evolutionary genetics and selective breeding, owing to its specific genetic background and reproductive modes. five gynogenetic clones were analyzed by the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique, using 30 10-nucleotide-long primers. twenty-six primers produced well-amplified dna fragments with reproducible banding patterns, and 24 primers were polymorphic. nearly identical banding pat ... | 2000 | 10773687 |
| structure and function in the saccule of the goldfish (carassius auratus): a model of diversity in the non-amniote ear. | the vertebrate inner ear is comprised of a remarkable diversity of cell types, including several types of sensory hair cells. in amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals), the morphological and physiological characteristics that distinguish these cell types have been well documented, while cellular variation in the ears of non-amniotes (all other vertebrate groups) has remained underrecognized. since non-amniotes have become increasingly popular models for developmental and genetic research, a mor ... | 2000 | 10771179 |
| antibody responses of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) to dna-immunisation at different temperatures and feeding levels. | dna vaccines which work in winter are needed for fish. at 18 weeks after intramuscular injection of a plasmid containing lacz goldfish at 15 degrees c had five-fold more antibody to betagalactosidase than those at 25 degrees c or those at </=9 degrees c. expression persisted for 1 week at 25 degrees c and for 4 weeks at 15 degrees c. expression was highest after 18 weeks at </=9 degrees c and was correlated to antibody titre in this group. goldfish on low or high rations (0.33 or 3% body weight ... | 2000 | 10738088 |
| variability in the role of the gasbladder in fish audition. | the teleost gasbladder is believed to aid in fish audition by transferring pressure components of incoming sound to the inner ears. this idea is primarily based on both anatomical observations of the mechanical connection between the gasbladder and the ear, followed by physiological experiments by various researchers. the gasbladder movement has been modeled mathematically as a pulsating bubble. this study is extending the previous work on fish with a physical coupling of the gasbladder and ear ... | 2000 | 10879947 |
| pheromone discrimination ability of olfactory bulb mitral and ruffed cells in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | significant anatomical differences characterizing mitral cells and ruffed cells were published by kosaka and hama in three teleost species. physiological responses from both types of relay neurons have now been recorded extracellularly and simultaneously in the plexiform layer using a single tungsten microelectrode. during interstimulus intervals mitral cells responded with higher, frequently burst-like impulse rates triggered by the activity of epithelial receptor neurons. ruffed cell impulse r ... | 2000 | 10866992 |
| microglial cells in the retina of carassius auratus: effects of optic nerve crush. | to study the morphology and distribution of the retinal microglial cells of the goldfish retina in normal conditions and after optic nerve crush, we have used the nucleoside diphosphatase (ndpase) technique, applied to whole-mounts or sections, for light and electron microscopy. in normal retinas, two populations of ndpase-positive cells were identified: compact cells associated with the retinal vessels on the vitreal surface of the retina and microglial cells in various retinal layers. the micr ... | 2000 | 10701865 |
| novel aspects of the activities and subcellular distribution of enzymes of ketone body metabolism in the liver and kidney of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the metabolic organization of ketone body metabolism of liver and kidney of the goldfish carassius auratus was assessed by measuring maximal activities, subcellular distribution, and stereoisomer preference of ketone body enzymes. these determinations indicate that the organization of ketone body metabolism in liver and kidney of goldfish differs from that of mammals in some respects. all the enzymes of ketone body metabolism were present in liver and kidney of goldfish, with the exception of hy ... | 2000 | 10684566 |
| immunocytochemical localization of the glutamate transporter glt-1 in goldfish (carassius auratus) retina. | glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the retina of vertebrates. electrophysiological experiments in goldfish and salamander have shown that neuronal glutamate transporters play an important role in the clearance of glutamate from cone synaptic clefts. in this study, the localization of the glutamate transporter glt-1 has been investigated immunocytochemically at the light and electron microscopical levels in the goldfish retina using a glt-1-specific antibody. glt immunoreactivi ... | 2000 | 10870084 |
| dendritic arbors on the saccule and lagena in the ear of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the ear of the goldfish (carassius auratus) contains three otolithic endorgans: the saccule, lagena, and utricle. the saccule has an auditory function in most teleost fishes for whom data are available, and there is evidence that the lagena is also an auditory endorgan in the goldfish. this study was conducted to compare the innervation of the saccule and the lagena to one another and to previously published data from goldfish and other species. we placed cobaltous-lysine in saccular and lagenar ... | 2000 | 10713510 |
| effects of hypoxia, anoxia, and endogenous ethanol on thermoregulation in goldfish, carassius auratus. | effects of hypoxia, anoxia, and endogenous ethanol (etoh) on selected temperature (t(sel)) and activity in goldfish were evaluated. blood and brain etoh concentrations ([etoh]) and brain oxygen partial pressure (po(2)) were quantified at crucial ambient oxygen pressures. below a threshold value near 31 torr, t(sel) decreased as a function of environmental po(2). t(sel) of 15 degrees c-acclimated fish was approximately 10 degrees c at the onset of anoxia and changed little over 2 h. activity show ... | 2000 | 10712271 |
| microcalorimetric study of the toxic effect of sodium selenite on the mitochondria metabolism of carassius auratus liver. | the fundamental thermogenesis curves of the metabolic process of liver mitochondria from carassius auratus and the toxic effect of na2seo3 on it were studied by using an lkb-2277 bioactivity monitor, ampoule method, at 28 degrees c. from the thermogenesis curves, the thermokinetic equations were established under different conditions. the kinetics show that a low concentration of na2seo3 (1-4 mg/l) had promoting action on the metabolism process of carassius aurantus liver mitochondria, but that ... | 2000 | 11204468 |
| [a historical review and some comments on the nuclear transplantation in fish]. | in this review article, a brief history and main results of the studies on the nuclear transplantation (cloning) in fish was introduced. late professor t. c. tung (tong di-zhou), a noted chinese experimental embryologist and his research group at the institute of zoology, the chinese academy of sciences (cas) in beijing, china initiated and established successful technology of nuclear transplantation in fish in 1963. during the past 36 years, most of the studies on fish cloning were performed ma ... | 2000 | 11191753 |
| uptake of cadmium adsorbed on particulates by gills of goldfish (carassius auratus). | goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to mixtures of constant dissolved cadmium (0.01 mg/l) and cadmium adsorbed on gibbsite particles at concentrations of 0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 mg/l. the gills of the fish were excised after a 5-day exposure experiment and both cadmium and aluminum in the gills were measured. the gills were also examined with a light microscope for surface adherence of the particles after the exposure. the evidence collected demonstrated that the concentration of ... | 2000 | 11139185 |
| effects of cart peptides on food consumption, feeding and associated behaviors in the goldfish, carassius auratus: actions on neuropeptide y- and orexin a-induced feeding. | cart (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) peptides are novel brain neuropeptides that have been shown to have a role in the control of feeding behavior in mammals. the effects of intracereboventricular (i.c.v.) administration of two cart fragments, cart (62-76) and cart (55-102) on feeding and behavioral activity of goldfish (carassius auratus) were examined. both cart peptide fragments inhibited food intake in goldfish. co-injection of cart peptide and neuropeptide y (npy) reduced th ... | 2000 | 11134597 |
| genetic evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in gynogenetic silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch) as revealed by rapd assays. | sex evolution has been a debating focus in evolutionary genetics. in lower vertebrates of reptiles, amphibians, and fish, a species or a bioform reproduces either sexually or asexually but never both. a few species were found to consist of all females in fish. these all-female species can propagate by asexual reproduction modes, such as gynogenesis and hybridogenesis. however, the coexistence of sexuality and asexuality in a single species was recently noted only in a cyprinid fish silver crucia ... | 2000 | 11080373 |
| s100-like protein in the goldfish (carassius auratus) kidney. an immunohistochemical study. | the presence and distribution of s100-like protein in the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) kidney has been studied by the use of immunohistochemical and histochemical methods. simple immunohistochemistry (peroxidase anti-peroxidase method) was carried out with a polyclonal antibody against a mixture of both s100alpha and s100beta proteins. in order to confirm the cell-type containing s-100-like immunoreactivity, the colocalization of s-100-like protein immunoreactivity with periodic acid-schiff ( ... | 2000 | 11079723 |
| oxygen-dependent energetics of anoxia-tolerant and anoxia-intolerant hepatocytes. | the oxygen-dependence of cellular energetics was investigated in hepatocytes from goldfish carassius auratus (anoxia-tolerant) and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (anoxia-intolerant). in goldfish hepatocytes, an approximately 50 % reduction in the rate of oxygen consumption was observed in response to both acute and prolonged hypoxia, the latter treatment shifting the threshold for this reduction to a higher oxygen level. a concomitant increase in the rate of lactate production did not compens ... | 2000 | 10667979 |
| evidence that nitric oxide is involved in the regulation of growth hormone secretion in goldfish. | whether nitric oxide (no) plays a role in regulation of growth hormone (gh) secretion from somatotropes in the pituitary of the goldfish carassius auratus was investigated. immunocytochemistry with two antibodies against mammalian no synthase (nos) revealed the presence of a nos-like enzyme in primary cultures of dispersed goldfish pituitary cells, including morphologically identified somatotropes. no donors s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine and sodium nitroprusside (snp), as well as a cyclic guan ... | 2000 | 10843797 |
| fish uptake of inorganic and mucus complexes of lead. | carassius auratus were exposed to lead in synthetic water. mucus secreted from the fish was measured and characterized for its lead binding capacity. the increase in mucus concentration in the water depended on secretion and degradation rates and the former was speeded up by lead. the complexation between mucus and lead can be described based on a single-site interaction model. lead speciation in the system with or without mucus was calculated using chemical equilibrium modeling. the dominant sp ... | 2000 | 10831330 |
| differential innervation of the goldfish tonic red muscles and twitch white muscles by neuropeptide-immunoreactive motoneurons. | neuropeptides in the motor nerves innervating the red and white muscles of the goldfish carassius auratus were examined. in the tonic red muscles, varicose nerve endings immunoreactive for both calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance p were found spread over the surface of the muscle fibers, but in the twitch white muscles only scattered nerve endings immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide were found. at the electron microscopic observation, dense electron products immunoreacti ... | 2000 | 10974495 |
| dissociation of place and cue learning by telencephalic ablation in goldfish. | this study examined the spatial strategies used by goldfish (carassius auratus) to find a goal in a 4-arm maze and the involvement of the telencephalon in this spatial learning. intact and telencephalon-ablated goldfish were trained to find food in an arm placed in a constant room location and signaled by a local visual cue (mixed place-cue procedure). both groups learned the task, but they used different learning strategies. telencephalon-ablated goldfish learned the task more quickly and made ... | 2000 | 10959527 |
| genotoxicity evaluation of heat shock in gold fish (carassius auratus). | genotoxicity evaluation of heat shock was carried out in carassius auratus. the genotoxicity end points studied were nuclear anomalies (micronucleus assay), chromosomal aberrations, dna damage (comet assay) and cell proliferation. the heat shock temperatures used were 34 degrees c, 36 degrees c and 38 degrees c. the results demonstrated that heat shock causes the induction of micronucleus at all the three temperature studied. heat shock also inhibited cell proliferation at 38 degrees c and cause ... | 2000 | 10946237 |
| extinction risk of a density-dependent population estimated from a time series of population size. | environmental threats, such as habitat size reduction or environmental pollution, may not cause immediate extinction of a population but shorten the expected time to extinction. we develop a method to estimate the mean time to extinction for a density-dependent population with environmental fluctuation. we first derive a formula for a stochastic differential equation model (canonical model) of a population with logistic growth with environmental and demographic stochasticities. we then study an ... | 2000 | 10816359 |
| comparing risk factors for population extinction. | extinction risk of natural populations of animals and plants is enhanced by many different processes, including habitat size reduction and toxic chemical exposure. we develop a method to evaluate different risk factors in terms of the decrease in the mean extinction time. we choose a population model with logistic growth, environmental and demographic stochasticities with three parameters (intrinsic growth rate r, carrying capacity k, and environmental noise sigma(2)(e)). the reduction in the ha ... | 2000 | 10816358 |
| molecular cloning and expression studies of a prolactin receptor in goldfish (carassius auratus). | a full-length cdna clone, of a size of 4.6 kb, for the goldfish prolactin receptor has been isolated. this cdna clone encodes a protein of 600 amino acids homologous to prolactin receptors of other species. a kyte-doolittle hydropathy analysis of the receptor indicates that the translated protein consists of a signal peptide of 22 amino acids, an extracellular domain of 228 amino acids, a single transmembrane domain of 24 amino acids, and an intracellular domain of 346 amino acids. several chara ... | 2000 | 10794515 |
| cdna cloning and expression of a novel estrogen receptor beta-subtype in goldfish (carassius auratus). | we have isolated a second goldfish estrogen receptor (er) beta-subtype (gfer-beta2) cdna which is distinct from the liver-derived er-beta (gfer-beta1) cdna reported previously. the 2650-bp cdna, isolated from a goldfish pituitary and brain cdna library, encodes a 610 amino acid (aa) protein which shows only a 53% aa sequence identity with gfer-beta1 in overall structure. rt-pcr analysis showed that mrna of gfer-beta2, in contrast to that of gfer-beta1, was predominantly expressed in pituitary, t ... | 2000 | 10786629 |
| [uptake of particulate lead via gills of goldfish]. | this paper studied the uptake of pb absorbed on suspended gibbsite via gills of goldfish (carassius auratus). under conditions of the concentration of the particulate pb varied while that of free pb maintained at a constant level, the levels of both pb and al in the gills increased with increasing exposed pb concentration. the increasing rate (slope 0.171) of pb level in the blood with the pb level in the gills was lower than that (slope 0.343) of soluble pb exposure experiment. partial pb adher ... | 2000 | 11767615 |
| a mathematical analysis of the peripheral auditory system mechanics in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | the dynamic response of the goldfish peripheral auditory system has been analyzed using lumped-parameter mechanical and fluid system models for the swimbladder, weberian apparatus, and saccule. the swimbladder is treated as a two degree-of-freedom mechanical system consisting of two coupled mass-spring-damper arrangements. the swimbladder is coupled to the weberian ossicles using a phenomenological analysis of the anterior swimbladder tunica externa which permits both stretching and sliding. ana ... | 2000 | 11008831 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (e1) from goldfish (carassius auratus) and expression analysis of the cloned gene. | destruction of cyclin b is required to the mitotic and meiotic cycles. a cyclin-specific ubiquitinating system, including ubiquitin-activating enzyme (e1), is thought to be responsible for cyclin b destruction. here we present the cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of goldfish, carassius auratus, e1 from goldfish ovary. the cloned cdna is 4069 bp long and encodes 1059 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to e1 from other species. recombinant goldfish e1 coul ... | 2000 | 11004499 |
| the homologue of mannose-binding lectin in the carp family cyprinidae is expressed at high level in spleen, and the deduced primary structure predicts affinity for galactose. | mannose-binding lectin (mbl) participates in the innate immune system as an activator of the complement system and as an opsonin after binding to certain carbohydrate structures on microorganisms. we isolated and characterized cdna transcripts encoding an mbl homologue from three members of the carp family cyprinidae, the zebrafish danio rerio, the goldfish carassius auratus, and the carp cyprinus carpio. the carp and zebrafish transcripts contain two polyadenylation sites and rt-pcr on mrna fro ... | 2000 | 11003389 |
| directional encoding by fish auditory systems. | this paper reviews and discusses several investigations of the peripheral neural code for the directional axis of acoustical particle motion in the saccule of two fishes: goldfish (carassius auratus) and toadfish (opsanus tau). most saccular afferents are directional in the manner of hair cells, having a cosine-shaped directional response pattern. the saccular sensory epithelia are orientated almost vertically in a parasagittal plane. in the horizontal plane, these epithelia are orientated obliq ... | 2000 | 11079415 |
| whole-body metabolism of the organophosphorus pesticide, fenthion, in goldfish, carassius auratus. | the in vivo metabolism of fenthion, an organophosphorus pesticide, and its sulfoxide (fenthion sulfoxide) was examined in goldfish (carassius auratus). when goldfish were administered fenthion i.p. at a dose of 100 mg/kg, two metabolites were isolated from the tank water. they were identified as fenthion sulfoxide and fenthion oxon, in which > p = s of fenthion is transformed to > p = o, by comparing their mass and uv spectra, and their behavior in hplc and tlc, with those of authentic standards ... | 2000 | 11048676 |
| effects of carbofuran, diuron, and nicosulfuron on acetylcholinesterase activity in goldfish (carassius auratus). | juvenile goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to three widely used pesticides; carbofuran, diuron, and nicosulfuron. acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity and molecular forms of ache were first characterized in brain and skeletal muscle of unexposed fish. skeletal muscle had higher ache activity than brain (306 and 215 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively). in brain, four molecular forms of ache were found: a12, g4, g2, and g1. in the muscle, three molecular forms were found a12, a8, and g2. ac ... | 2000 | 11023689 |
| inhibitory effects of morphine on some inflammation-related parameters in the goldfish carassius auratus l. | acute peritonitis induced in the goldfish by intraperitoneal injection of a sterile thioglycollate solution shows a typical pattern with intraperitoneal exudation of serum proteins followed by influx of leucocytes (mainly heterophils/macrophages) correlated with elevated levels of chemotactic factors in peritoneal fluid and blood plasma. supplementation of thioglycollate with morphine (20 mg kg(-1) b.w.) does not affect the leakage of serum proteins into peritoneum. in contrast, it reduces the n ... | 2000 | 11016587 |
| endocrine disruption by hexachlorobenzene in crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio). | 2000 | 11014838 | |
| generation and functional analysis of distinct macrophage sub-populations from goldfish (carassius auratus l.) kidney leukocyte cultures. | three distinct sub-populations of macrophages derived from goldfish kidney leukocyte cultures were generated and characterised. the sub-populations designated as r1, r2 and r3-type macrophages had distinct morphological, cytochemical and flow cytometric profiles, and also differed in their anti-microbial functions after activation with macrophage activation factors (maf) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). the r1-type macrophages were small cells that contained acid phosphatase, but lacked m ... | 2000 | 10938719 |
| action of adenosine on energetics, protein synthesis and k(+) homeostasis in teleost hepatocytes. | in a comparative study, we analysed the effects of adenosine on the energetics, protein synthesis and k(+ )homeostasis of hepatocytes from the anoxia-tolerant goldfish carassius auratus and the anoxia-intolerant trout oncorhynchus mykiss. the rate of oxygen consumption did not respond immediately to the addition of adenosine to the cells from either species, but showed a significant decrease in trout hepatocytes after 30 min. the anaerobic rate of lactate formation was not significantly affected ... | 2000 | 10934006 |
| immunohistochemical localization of c-rfamide, a fmrf-related peptide, in the brain of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | carassius rfamide (c-rfa) is a novel peptide found in the brain of the japanese crucian carp. it has been demonstrated that mrna of c-rfa is present in the telencephalon, optic tectum, medulla oblongata, and proximal half of the eyeball in abundance. immunohistochemical methods were employed to elucidate the distribution of the peptide in the brain of the goldfish (carassius auratus) in detail. c-rfaimmunoreactive perikarya were observed in the olfactory bulb, the area ventralis telencephali par ... | 2000 | 18522460 |
| development of a simple culture method for the tissues contaminated with microorganisms and application to establishment of a fish cell line. | cell cultures are good in vitro model systems in place of using living animals. in the present study, we developed a simple culture method in which tissues were pretreated with a low concentration of sodium hypochlorite solution (naclo) to prevent not only bacteria but also fungi. scales removed from a goldfish (carassius auratus) body were treated with 70% ethanol and then with 0.3% of sodium hypochlorite solution, and cultured in vitro in an atmosphere containing 0.5% co2. the doubling time of ... | 2000 | 18494573 |
| differential expression and characterization analysis of a new gene with wd domains in fish oogenesis. | a new gene with wd domains is cloned and characterized according to its differential transcription and expression between previtellogenic oocytes (phase i oocytes) and fully-grown oocytes (phase v oocytes) from natural gynogenetic silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) by using the combinative methods of suppressive subtraction hybridization, smart cdna synthesis and race-pcr. the full-length cdna is 1870 bp. its 5' untranslated region is 210 bp, followed by an open reading frame of 990 ... | 2001 | 18726400 |
| brainstem lateral line responses to sinusoidal wave stimuli in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | extracellular recordings were made from single lateral line units in the medial octavolateralis nucleus in the brainstem of goldfish, carassius auratus. units were defined as receiving lateral line input if they responded to the water motions generated by a stationary, sinusoidally oscillating sphere and/or a moving sphere but not to airborne sound and vibrations. units which responded to airborne sound or vibrations were assumed to receive input from the inner ear and were not further investiga ... | 2001 | 16351828 |
| induction of gynogenesis and androgenesis in goldfish carassius auratus (var. oranda). | chromosome engineering was used to develop lines that expressed the stable phenotypic characteristics of goldfish, carassius auratus (var. oranda). to obtain androgenetic individuals, carp eggs were irradiated and fertilized with sperm from goldfish bearing telescopic eyes. the fertilized eggs were divided into four groups and three of them were subjected to heat-shock treatment at 42 degrees c for 2.0 min at 34, 37 and 40 min after fertilization. all groups exhibited low viability of embryos an ... | 2001 | 11555368 |
| genetic diversity among different clones of the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, revealed by transferrin and isozyme markers. | genetic diversity among four clones (a, d, e, f) of gynogenetic silver crucian carp was studied using transferrin and isozymes in the blood as markers. of the five proteins investigated, three (transferrin, esterase and superoxide dismutase) indicated polymorphism and eight polymorphic loci were detected. these loci were probably encoded by codominant alleles and their inheritance patterns were analyzed. intraclonal homogeneity and interclonal heterogeneity were observed in these clones, which a ... | 2001 | 11530857 |
| sex differences in the brain of goldfish: gonadotropin-releasing hormone and vasotocinergic neurons. | the differences between male and female behaviors are reflected in sexual dimorphism of brain structures and are found throughout the nervous system in a variety of vertebrates. the present study examined neurons immunolabeled for gonadotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasotocin in the brain of the goldfish carassius auratus to determine if these neurons are sexually dimorphic. there was no sex difference or influence of sex steroids on the neuronal volume and optical density of staining of ... | 2001 | 11457593 |
| differential gene expression in fully-grown oocytes between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carps. | silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is a unique triploid bisexual species that can reproduce by gynogenesis. as all other gynogenetic animals, it keeps its chromosome integrity by inhibiting the first meiosis division (no extrusion of the first pole body). to understand the molecular events governing this reproduction mode, suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify the genes differentially expressed in fully-grown oocytes of the gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian ... | 2001 | 11410372 |
| the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on growth hormone and gonadotropin subunit gene expression in the pituitary of goldfish, carassius auratus. | the goldfish brain contains at least two forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh): sgnrh and cgnrh-ii. in goldfish sgnrh and cgnrh-ii are present both in the brain and pituitary, and exert direct effects via specific gnrh receptors stimulating growth hormone (gh) and gonadotropin hormone (gth) synthesis and secretion. in this study, we investigated the effects of sgnrh and cgnrh-ii on gth subunit (alpha, fsh-beta and lh-beta) and gh mrna levels in the goldfish pituitary in vivo and in vitr ... | 2001 | 11399486 |
| regulation of gonadotropin beta subunit gene expression by testosterone and gonadotropin-releasing hormones in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | sex steroids differentially regulate gonadotropin (gth) beta subunits (fshbeta and lhbeta) gene expression in the pituitary of goldfish: a strong in vivo inhibitory effect on fshbeta mrna production, but a weak stimulatory effect on lhbeta in sexually immature and recrudescent fish. in the present study, to examine a direct effect of testosterone (t) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) on the mrna levels of fshbeta and lhbeta subunits in the pituitary, in vitro experiments were performed u ... | 2001 | 11399476 |
| the maternal origins of the triploid ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi): phylogenetic relationships within the c. auratus taxa by partial mitochondrial d-loop sequencing. | the hyper-variable segments (323-327 bp) of the mitochondrial d-loop for 169 carassius auratus fishes in japan were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and the amplified products were sequenced directly and compared. a dendrogram showing three major clusters was generated with the sequence data for 37 haplotypes at 66 polymorphic sites. one cluster (cluster i) exclusively consisted of the gengorobuna, which was regarded as an independent (sub) species. the triploid ginbuna belonged to two ... | 2001 | 11376548 |
| ionochromic properties of long-wave-sensitive cones in the goldfish retina: an electrophysiological and microspectrophotometric study. | long-wave-sensitive (lws) cone visual pigments are sensitive to the concentration of chloride ions and show a spectral shift to shorter wavelengths when exposed to low chloride levels. we have used the aspartate-isolated mass receptor potential of the electroretinogram (erg) to establish whether the spectrally shifted cone pigment is functional. in the goldfish, carassius auratus, the lambda(max) of the lws porphyropsin is displaced from about 622 nm to around 606 nm when chloride is replaced by ... | 2001 | 11369039 |
| food intake inhibition by melatonin in goldfish (carassius auratus). | feeding regulation by monoamines, neuropeptides and certain hormones has been studied in fish, but a possible role of melatonin is unknown. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on food intake in goldfish. fishes were housed in 12l:12d and injected with different doses of either melatonin or 2-iodomelatonin. two routes of administration, intracerebroventricular and intraperitoneal injections, and two times of the daily photocycle, midday and midnight, were ... | 2001 | 11336993 |
| forskolin modulation of desensitization at gaba(a) and glycine receptors is not mediated by camp-dependent protein kinase in isolated carp amacrine-like cells. | the effects of forskolin on gamma-aminobutyric acid type-a (gaba(a)) and glycine receptors in amacrine-like cells of carp (carassius auratus) retina were studied using patch-clamp techniques. application of 50 microm forskolin markedly accelerated the desensitization of whole-cell responses induced by 100 microm gaba or glycine without changing the peak amplitude of the response. both 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-br-camp) and 3-isobutyl-1 -methylxanthine (ibmx) (500 microm) fai ... | 2001 | 11316256 |
| differential screening and characterization analysis of the egg envelope glycoprotein zp3 cdnas between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carp. | gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, is an intriguing model system. in the present work, a systemic study has been initiated by introducing suppression subtractive hybridization technique into this model system to identify the differentially expressed genes in oocytes between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and its closely related gonochoristic color crucian carp. five differential cdna fragments were identified from the preliminary screening, and two of them are zp3 homol ... | 2001 | 11305321 |
| identification of visual pallial telencephalon in the goldfish, carassius auratus: a combined cytochrome oxidase and electrophysiological study. | a strategy based upon a comparative decrease in bilateral symmetry of cytochrome oxidase (cox) histochemistry following unilateral eye enucleation was used to identify the primary visual area in the area dorsalis of the telencephalon of the goldfish, carassius auratus. the lateral zone of area dorsalis (dl) at about the level of the anterior commissure exhibits such a bilateral difference. a parallel decline in the symmetry cox reactivity was observed in the associated part of the central zone ( ... | 2001 | 11689165 |
| regulation of intracellular ph in anoxia-tolerant and anoxia-intolerant teleost hepatocytes. | mechanisms of intracellular ph (phi) regulation were investigated in anoxia-tolerant hepatocytes from goldfish carassius auratus, and compared to the situation in the anoxia-intolerant hepatocytes from trout oncorhynchus mykiss. under normoxic conditions, the phi of goldfish hepatocytes was regulated by a na(+)/h(+) exchanger and a na(+)-independent cl(-)/hco(3)(-) exchanger, the latter being activated only after acidification of the cells. mechanisms of acid secretion appear to be fuelled, at l ... | 2001 | 11807112 |
| slow inhibitory potentials in the teleost mauthner cell. | in vivo recordings from mauthner cells in adult zebrafish (danio rerio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) preparations with potassium chloride filled electrodes revealed a new class of long-lasting synaptic events in these cells. their decay time constant ranged from 20 to 80ms, which is about 20 times longer than that of previously identified fast glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in this neuron. the average time to peak of these slow events ranged from 1 to 6ms. we demonstrated tha ... | 2001 | 11246169 |
| somatic lamins in germinal vesicles of goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenic oocytes. | in fish and amphibians, b-type lamins are divided into somatic (b1, b2) and oocyte-type (b3) lamins. in this study, we purified nuclear lamins from rainbow trout erythrocytes, raised an anti-lamin monoclonal antibody (l-200) that recognizes goldfish somatic-lamins, and isolated cdnas encoding goldfish b-type lamins (b1 and b2) from a goldfish cell culture cdna library. goldfish b-type lamins are structurally similar to lamins found in other vertebrates with minor amino acid substitutions in the ... | 2001 | 11942628 |
| new nephron development in goldfish (carassius auratus) kidneys following repeated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis. | renal development in mammalian kidneys can only be studied in embryonic animals. hence, research in this area is hampered by the need to maintain pregnant animals and by the small size of the embryonic kidney. here, we describe a goldfish (carassius auratus) model for studying renal repair and nephron development in an adult animal. previous studies have indicated that chemically induced nephrotoxicosis in goldfish is followed by new nephron development. we tested the hypothesis that new nephron ... | 2001 | 11926303 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding polypeptide chain elongation factor 1alpha from goldfish (carassius auratus). | the goldfish homologue of polypeptide chain elongation factor-1alpha (ef-1alpha) isolated from the ovary of the goldfish is described. the deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to ef-1alpha from other species. analysis of its tissue distribution revealed a single 1.7 kilobase message ubiquitous among various tissues. | 2001 | 11913790 |