Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| new nephron development in goldfish (carassius auratus) kidneys following repeated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis. | renal development in mammalian kidneys can only be studied in embryonic animals. hence, research in this area is hampered by the need to maintain pregnant animals and by the small size of the embryonic kidney. here, we describe a goldfish (carassius auratus) model for studying renal repair and nephron development in an adult animal. previous studies have indicated that chemically induced nephrotoxicosis in goldfish is followed by new nephron development. we tested the hypothesis that new nephron ... | 2001 | 11926303 |
| [studies on genetic diversity in gonochoristic offspring produced from mating between two different gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp]. | based on the discovery of gonochoristic reproductive mode in silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio), 18 individuals from the mated offspring between clone f and clone d and their parents were analyzed using 11 rapd primers. the mated offspring differentiated into three phenotypes. one phenotype is similar to that of clone f (sf). the second is similar to that of clone d (sd). the third shows a novel longer and thinner body type (nl). electrophoretogram results show abundant polymorhic d ... | 2001 | 12549217 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding polypeptide chain elongation factor 1alpha from goldfish (carassius auratus). | the goldfish homologue of polypeptide chain elongation factor-1alpha (ef-1alpha) isolated from the ovary of the goldfish is described. the deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to ef-1alpha from other species. analysis of its tissue distribution revealed a single 1.7 kilobase message ubiquitous among various tissues. | 2001 | 11913790 |
| apoptosis and ovarian function: novel perspectives from the teleosts. | apoptosis is a fundamental mechanism in follicular atresia and postovulatory regression in mammals, but its role in teleost ovarian function is currently unknown. this study tested the hypotheses that apoptosis mediates follicular atresia in teleosts and is inducible in vitro by incubation in serum-free conditions. vitellogenic follicles from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and goldfish (carassius auratus) were incubated overnight in serum-free medium and examined for apoptosis by 3'-end-lab ... | 2001 | 11133683 |
| oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in goldfish carassius auratus during anoxia and reoxygenation. | the purpose of this work was to evaluate the response of the antioxidant system of goldfish carassius auratus during anoxia and reoxygenation. the exposure of goldfish to 8 h of anoxia induced a 14% decrease in total glutathione levels in the kidney, although the liver, brain, and muscle were unaffected. anoxia also resulted in increases in the activities of liver catalase, brain glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and brain glutathione peroxidase (by 38, 26, and 79%, respectively) and a decrease ... | 2001 | 11124139 |
| metabolic responses to epinephrine stimulation in goldfish hepatocytes: evidence for the presence of alpha-adrenoceptors. | the effect of epinephrine on various aspects of cellular metabolism was studied in hepatocytes from the goldfish carassius auratus. epinephrine increased cytosolic free calcium ([ca2+](i)) from a baseline value of 108 +/- 22 nm to a peak value of 577 +/- 127 nm in suspensions of hepatocytes. responses of single cells ranged from a single spike (66% of hepatocytes) to variable oscillatory patterns (34%). the increase in [ca(2+)](i) was independent of the presence of extracellular ca2+ and was pre ... | 2001 | 11178886 |
| kainate-activated cobalt uptake in the primary gustatory nucleus in goldfish: visualization of the morphology and distribution of cells expressing ampa/kainate receptors in the vagal lobe. | gustatory afferent fibers of the vagus nerve that innervate taste buds of the oropharynx of the goldfish, carassius auratus, project to the vagal lobe, which is a laminated gustatory nucleus in the dorsal medulla. as in the mammalian gustatory system, responses by second-order cells in the goldfish medulla are mediated by n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) and non-nmda ionotropic glutamate receptors. we utilized a cobalt uptake technique to label vagal lobe neurons that possess cobalt-permeable ionotro ... | 2001 | 11169990 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the cytochrome b gene of channel catfish ictalurus punctatus and comparison of sequence homology among channel catfish and other fishes. | to clarify the phylogenic relationship of channel catfish with other fishes, the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of the catfish was cloned and sequenced. channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) belonging to the family ictaluridae in the order siluriformes showed a 78.4-87.4% similarity to all but one fish of the family cyprinidae and river loach crossostoma lacustre of the family balitoridae in the order cypriniformes in which genes had already been sequenced, and a 97.2% similarity to the goldfish (car ... | 2001 | 11258463 |
| slow inhibitory potentials in the teleost mauthner cell. | in vivo recordings from mauthner cells in adult zebrafish (danio rerio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) preparations with potassium chloride filled electrodes revealed a new class of long-lasting synaptic events in these cells. their decay time constant ranged from 20 to 80ms, which is about 20 times longer than that of previously identified fast glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in this neuron. the average time to peak of these slow events ranged from 1 to 6ms. we demonstrated tha ... | 2001 | 11246169 |
| cloning, characterization, and tissue distribution of prolactin receptor in the sea bream (sparus aurata). | the prolactin receptor (prlr) was cloned and its tissue distribution characterized in adults of the protandrous hermaphrodite marine teleost, the sea bream (sparus aurata). an homologous cdna probe for sea bream prlr (sbprlr) was obtained by rt-pcr using gill mrna. this probe was used to screen intestine and kidney cdna libraries from which two overlapping clones (1100 and 2425 bp, respectively) were obtained. these clones had 100% sequence identity in the overlapping region (893 bp) and were us ... | 2001 | 11161768 |
| screening of antifeedant activity in brain extracts led to the identification of sulfakinin as a satiety promoter in the german cockroach. are arthropod sulfakinins homologous to vertebrate gastrins-cholecystokinins? | the feeding cycle of the adult female cockroach blattella germanica parallels vitellogenesis. the study of the mechanisms that regulate this cycle led us to look for food-intake inhibitors in brain extracts. the antifeedant activity of brain extracts was tested in vivo by injecting the extract and measuring the carotenoids contained in the gut from carrot ingested after the treatment. by hplc fractionation and tracking the biological activity with the carrot test, we isolated the sulfakinin eqfd ... | 2001 | 11722569 |
| promoter characteristics of two cyp19 genes differentially expressed in the brain and ovary of teleost fish. | teleost fish are characterized by exceptionally high levels of neural estrogen biosynthesis when compared with the brains of other vertebrates or to the ovaries of the same fish. two p450arom mrnas which derive from separate gene loci (cyp19a and cyp19b) are differentially expressed in brain (b>>a) and ovary (a>>b) and have a different developmental program (b>>a) and estrogen upregulation (b only). a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based genomic walking strategy was used to isolate the 5'-flank ... | 2001 | 11738553 |
| milt production in goldfish: regulation by multiple social stimuli. | previous studies in goldfish (carassius auratus) demonstrate that milt (sperm and seminal fluid) volume is increased both by a preovulatory steroidal pheromone, 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta-p), that acts by increasing serum concentrations of gonadotropin ii (gth-ii), and by a post-ovulatory prostaglandin (pg) pheromone, that acts by stimulating sexual interactions. here, we show that male goldfish also increase milt volume when isolated for 24 h, or when placed with ano ... | 2001 | 11738634 |
| caryophyllidean tapeworms (platyhelminthes: eucestoda) from freshwater fishes in japan. | the following caryophyllidean tapeworms were found in freshwater fishes from japan (species reported from japan for the first time marked with an asterisk): family caryophyllaeidae: paracaryophyllaeus gotoi (motomura, 1927) from misgurnus anguillicaudatus (cantor); archigetes sieboldi leuckart, 1878 from pseudorasbora parva (temminck et schlegel) and sarcocheilichthys variegatus microoculus mori (new hosts); family lytocestidae: *caryophyllaeides ergensi scholz, 1990 from tribolodon hakuensis (g ... | 2001 | 11817451 |
| identification and molecular cloning of germinal vesicle lamin b3 in goldfish (carassius auratus) oocytes. | a bulk isolation method was developed to collect a large number of germinal vesicles (gv) from postvitellogenic oocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus). using this method, we obtained gv lamina which are resistant to high salt and nonionic detergent. 2d page revealed that the goldfish gv lamina contained several spots with similar molecular masses (67 kda) and slightly different neutral isoelectrofocusing values (pi 5.8-6.2). after trypsin digestion and extraction of a major spot (pi 6.1), the p ... | 2001 | 11179959 |
| activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in erythrocytes and plasma transaminases of goldfish (carassius auratus gibelio bloch.) exposed to cadmium. | four groups of goldfish were exposed to cadmium in a concentration of 20 mg cd/l water under aquarium conditions. the duration of exposure was 1, 4, 7 and 15 days. it was shown that the activity of superoxide dismutase (sod) in the red blood cells (rbc) significantly decreased after the first day of cadmium exposure. however, the sod activity increased after 7 and 15 days of cadmium treatment. elevated activity of catalase (cat) was found in erythrocytes of cadmium-treated fishes after 15 days, ... | 2001 | 11300221 |
| comparison between lead accumulation of pomphorhynchus laevis (palaeacanthocephala) in the intestine of chub (leuciscus cephalus) and in the body cavity of goldfish (carassius auratus auratus). | this experimental study assessed the role of the microhabitat in the uptake of metals by adult acanthocephalans. we examined the accumulation of lead by adult pomphorhynchus laevis in the intestine of chub (leuciscus cephalus) and compared it with that in goldfish, carassius auratus auratus, in which the parasites penetrate the intestinal wall and enter the body cavity. chub and goldfish experimentally infected with adult pomphorhynchus laevis were exposed to 0.01 mg l(-1) pb(2+) over 3 weeks. l ... | 2001 | 11336747 |
| appetite-suppressing effects of urotensin i and corticotropin-releasing hormone in goldfish (carassius auratus). | fish urotensin i (ui), a member of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh) family of peptides, is a potent inhibitor of food intake in mammals, yet the role of ui in the control of food intake in fish is not known. therefore, to determine the acute effects of ui on appetite relative to those of crh, goldfish were given intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of carp/goldfish ui and rat/human crh (0.2-200 ng/g) and food intake was assessed for a 2-hour period after the injection. ui and crh ... | 2001 | 11340339 |
| effects of salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii on testicular apoptosis in goldfish (carassius auratus). | apoptosis is a form of cell death, characterized by morphological and biochemical changes. apoptosis occurs in the normal testis and in response to different agents. in this study, we investigated the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in testicular apoptosis in the goldfish. gnrh is a decapeptide that is expressed in different tissues, including gonads in mammalian and non-mammalian species. while gnrh is considered to be a paracrine mediator of ovarian follicular atresia, the role ... | 2001 | 11399483 |
| molecular cloning of a teleost growth hormone receptor and its functional interaction with human growth hormone. | this paper reports the first full-length cdna sequence of a growth hormone receptor (ghr) from a teleost fish and its functional expression in cultured eukaryotic cells. the cdna sequence, from carassius auratus (goldfish), encodes a protein of 602 amino acids (aa) akin in architecture to the ghrs of other species. despite the presence of motifs characteristic of ghr, the overall homology between the goldfish ghr and other ghrs is very low ( approximately 40% aa identity). cho cells transfected ... | 2001 | 11404009 |
| different catalytic properties and inhibitor responses of the goldfish brain and ovary aromatase isozymes. | the brain and ovarian aromatase isozymes of goldfish (carassius auratus) are encoded by different cyp19 genes. this study measured aromatase activity in the goldfish brain tissues. for a direct comparison of the properties of the two aromatase isozymes, chinese hamster ovary cells were stably transfected with brain- and ovary-derived cdnas (respectively, p450 arom b and -a) and the properties of the expressed isozymes were compared. the kinetic parameters of the two isozymes were determined usin ... | 2001 | 11482939 |
| interactions between orexin a, npy and galanin in the control of food intake of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the neuropeptides orexin a (oxa), neuropeptide y (npy) and galanin (gal) have been shown to play a role in the regulation of food intake in mammals. they also significantly stimulate feeding in goldfish. in order to assess the interactions between these peptides in the control of feeding in goldfish, we investigated the effects of central injection of specific receptor antagonists for npy (bibp 3226) and gal (m40) on oxa-induced feeding and the effects of desensitization of orexin receptors on n ... | 2001 | 11495680 |
| formation of viable but non-culturable state (vbnc) of aeromonas hydrophila and its virulence in goldfish, carassius auratus. | in this study we investigated the viable but non-culturable (vbnc) state of aeromonas hydrophila and its virulence in goldfish. aeromonas hydrophila cultured in a 0.35% nacl solution at ph 7.5 and at 25 degrees c for 50 days showed the vbnc state. in the vbnc state we were unable to detect viable bacteria by the plate count method but we did find 10(4) cells/ml by the direct viable count microscopical method after staining with fluorescein diacetate and ethidium bromide. the virulence comparison ... | 2001 | 11372646 |
| isolation and structure-function studies of a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor from goldfish carassius auratus: identification of three charged residues in extracellular domains critical for receptor function. | a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of ligand-receptor interaction of glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) receptors (glp-1rs) is useful for the design of potent glp-1 analogs that could potentially be used as a treatment for diabetic patients. changes in the ligand and receptor sequences during evolution provide invaluable clues to evaluate the functional motifs of the receptor that are responsible for ligand interaction. for these reasons, in the present study, we have isolated and fu ... | 2002 | 12446592 |
| cloning and sequencing of wee1 from the ovary of the gynogenetic japanese silver crucian carp (ginbuna) [carassius auratus langsdorfi]. | wee1 is one of the genes which regulates the cell cycle. cdna encoding a wee1-homolog has been isolated from japanese silver crucian carp (ginbuna) by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques. the cdna obtained from the ovary tissue encoded a protein of 526 amino acids and the deduced amino acid sequence showed high homology (69.9%) with xenopus laevis wee1 in the protein kinase domain. a phylogenetic analysis among wee1 amino acid sequences from various organisms showed that the crucian ... | 2002 | 12391727 |
| natural antibodies and their significance in active immunization and protection against a defined pathogen in fish. | natural antibody activity against aeromonas salmonicida extracellular a-layer protein (a-protein) showed large individual variations in a farmed group of 101 goldfish (carassius auratus l.). statistical analyses of these variations led us to divide this group into homogeneous high and low naturally active (hna and lna) subgroups. the hna fish were largely protected against experimental infection with a virulent atypical a. salmonicida strain, while 100% morbidity was recorded in the lna group. i ... | 2002 | 12399194 |
| first record of neoergasilus japonicus (poecilostomatoida: ergasilidae), a parasitic copepod new to the laurentian great lakes. | the parasitic copepod neoergasilus japonicus, native to eastern asia, was first collected from 4 species of fish (fathead minnow, pimephales promelas; largemouth bass, micropterus salmoides; pumpkinseed sunfish, lepomis gibbosus; and yellow perch, perca flavescens) in july 1994 in saginaw bay, lake huron, michigan. further sampling in the bay in 2001 revealed infections on 7 additional species (bluegill, lepomis macrochirus; carp, cyprinus carpio; channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus; goldfish, ... | 2002 | 12197110 |
| differences between the european carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) and the coloured carp (cyprinus carpio haematopterus) in susceptibility to thelohanellus nikolskii (myxosporea) infection. | thelohanellus nikolskii infection of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) has been a common parasitosis in the central european fish farms since the first detection of the parasite about 20 years ago. this parasite, introduced from the far east, causes intensive infection on the fins of fingerlings of the carp subspecies cultured in europe (european carp, cyprinus carpio carpio). this infection of the common carp occurs in the hungarian fish farms every year. until the present study, this parasi ... | 2002 | 12061236 |
| flow cytometry measurement of the dna contents of g0/g1 diploid cells from three different teleost fish species. | although there is a lot information in the literature about genome size in fish, a high variability among data for the same species is reported, being mainly related to methodological aspects. flow cytometry-based fluorescence measurements of intercalating dyes is the most attractive approach due to its precision, objectivity, high speed, and relative simplicity. | 2002 | 12116377 |
| the possible mechanisms of stimulation of cyanobacterium growth by the passage through the carassius auratus intestine: an experimental study. | 2002 | 12134490 | |
| olfactory sensitivity to changes in environmental [ca(2+)] in the freshwater teleost carassius auratus: an olfactory role for the ca(2+)-sensing receptor? | olfactory sensitivity to changes in environmental ca(2+) has been demonstrated in two teleost species; a salmonid (oncorhynchus nerka) and a marine/estuarine perciform (sparus aurata). to assess whether this phenomenon is restricted to species that normally experience large fluctuations in external ion concentrations (e.g. moving from sea water to fresh water) or is present in a much wider range of species, we investigated olfactory ca(2+) sensitivity in the goldfish (carassius auratus), which i ... | 2002 | 12177141 |
| morphological studies on the mechanisms of pigmentary organelle transport in fish xanthophores and melanophores. | pigmentary organelle translocations within fish chromatophores undergo physiological color changes when exposed to external signals. chromatophores can be isolated in high yields, and their pigmentary organelles can be tracked readily by microscopy. the combined efforts of morphology and biomolecular chemistry have led to the identification of and determination of the interrelationships between cytoskeletal elements and accessory proteins, motor molecules, cytomatrix, and pigmentary organelles o ... | 2002 | 12242704 |
| relationships between persistent organic chemicals residues and biochemical constituents in fish from a protected area: the french national nature reserve of camargue. | the reserve of biosphere of camargue [french national nature reserve of camargue (nnrc)] is a protected area frequently exposed to natural and anthropogenic environmental alterations. to evaluate potential contamination of fish with lipophilic chemicals-organochlorines (ocs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs)-a biological monitoring survey was carried out. metabolic reserve levels were evaluated to select appropriate biological indicators able to be significant biomarkers. in addition, ... | 2002 | 12379424 |
| molecular cloning of the fish interferon stimulated gene, 15 kda (isg15) orthologue: a ubiquitin-like gene induced by nephrotoxic damage. | in mammals, the response to nephrotoxicant-induced renal injury is limited to repair of the proximal tubule by surviving epithelial cells. in contrast, bony fish are capable of both repair, and de novo production of nephrons in response to renal damage. importantly, toxicant-induced nephron neogenesis in goldfish (carassius auratus) parallels nephron development in the mammalian embryo, providing a vertebrate model for kidney development. we utilized this model system to identify genes induced b ... | 2002 | 12426101 |
| production of a polyclonal antibody against recombinant goldfish prolactin and demonstration of its usefulness in a non-competitive antigen-capture elisa. | the cdna encoding the goldfish (carassius auratus) prolactin was expressed in escherichia coli using the prseta expression vector. the recombinant goldfish prolactin (gfprl) produced was a fusion protein containing a hexahistidyl sequence, which facilitated its purification on a ni(2+) column. the fusion protein was overexpressed in the bacteria as inclusion bodies and was successfully purified under denaturing conditions by one-step affinity chromatography. repeated immunization of rabbits agai ... | 2002 | 11742756 |
| effects of a red-tide toxin on fish hearing. | red tides are formed from blooms of marine algae. among them, the dinoflagellate ( karenia brevis) that is responsible for florida red tides can release many types of natural toxins, which cause massive kills of marine animals, including endangered species, and threaten human health. this study was to investigate whether or not a neurotoxin, brevetoxin-3, purified from florida red tides affects hearing sensitivity of a teleost fish, the goldfish ( carassius auratus). ld(50) of the goldfish that ... | 2002 | 12466956 |
| physiological responses of carassius auratus to ytterbium exposure. | physiological and biochemical perturbations in the liver of carassius auratus were investigated in vivo following 40 days of exposure to ytterbium solutions of different concentration. glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (gpt) activity in goldfish liver was stimulated at 0.05 mg/l yb3+ and inhibited at higher yb3+ concentrations. activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (sod) was stimulated at yb3+ higher than 0.05 mg/l, and catalase (cat) activity was strongly inhibited after 40 days ... | 2002 | 12568469 |
| distribution of gfap immunoreactive structures in the rhombencephalon of the sterlet (acipenser ruthenus) and its evolutionary implication. | previous studies have revealed that although the brains of cypriniform teleosts (iberian barb, barbus comiza; carp, cyprinus carpio; goldfish, carassius auratus) are rich in glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap), they have, however, areas devoid of gfap immunoreactivity. the largest ones of these are in the rhombencephalon, e.g., the zones of the sensory and motor neurons in the vagal lobe. our studies in amniotes suggested that the gfap immunonegative areas could be characteristic of the more ... | 2002 | 12210122 |
| comparative activities of glycogen phosphorylase and gamma-amylase in livers of carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1. the activity of glycogen phosphorylase in goldfish liver is fivefold greater than that in carp liver, suggesting that the enzyme may not be as important in regulating glycogenolysis in the latter species. 2. the activity of gamma-amylase is comparable in carp and goldfish liver. 3. the activity of hepatic gamma-amylase is approximately one-half that of glycogen phosphorylase in carp whereas in goldfish, the activity of gamma-amylase is less than one-sixth that of phosphorylase. hepatic gamma- ... | 2002 | 122584 |
| the effect of water temperature on the gabaergic and reproductive systems in female and male goldfish (carassius auratus). | this study investigated the effect of water temperature on the synthesis of the amino acid neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba). in goldfish, gaba stimulates the release of pituitary gonadotropin-ii (gth-ii), which regulates gonadal function. fish were maintained in water of 11, 18, or 24 degrees. in the female and male goldfish, gaba synthesis rates estimated following inhibition of gaba catabolism by gamma-vinyl gaba (gvg) in both the telencephalon (tel) and the hypothalamus (hyp) w ... | 2002 | 11884062 |
| in vitro uptake and metabolism of testosterone by goldfish, carassius auratus, mesenteric adipose tissue. | mesenteric adipose tissue was removed from adult goldfish, carassius auratus, and incubated in vitro with (1alpha,2alpha)-3[h]testosterone (t). total radioactivity in the medium decreased and tissue total radioactivity increased in a time-dependent fashion between 1 and 6 h of incubation with maximum uptake occurring between 4 and 6 h. after ether extraction and thin layer chromatography the amount of radioactivity comigrating with authentic t standard decreased over time in both medium and tiss ... | 2002 | 12383447 |
| efferent connections of the cerebellum of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | efferent fiber connections of the corpus and valvula cerebelli in the goldfish, carassius auratus, were studied using an anterograde neural fiber tracing technique. efferent targets of the corpus cerebelli are the posterior parvocellular preoptic nucleus, the ventromedial and ventrolateral thalamic nucleus, dorsal posterior thalamic nucleus, periventricular nucleus of posterior tuberculum, dorsal periventricular pretectal nucleus, inferior lobe, optic tectum, torus semicircularis, nucleus of the ... | 2002 | 12239469 |
| lateral line reception in still- and running water. | the lateral line of fish is composed of neuromasts used to detect water motions. neuromasts occur as superficial neuromasts on the skin and as canal neuromasts in subepidermal canals. fibres of the lateral line nerves innervate both. there have been extensive studies on the responses of lateral line nerve fibres to dipole stimuli applied in still water. however, despite the fact that many fish live in rivers and/or swim constantly, responses of lateral line nerve fibres to dipole stimuli present ... | 2002 | 12209340 |
| possible disruption of pheromonal communication by humic acid in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | humic acids are large, complex, organic molecules which are ubiquitous components of aquatic environments as products of degradation of plant material. in aqueous solution they form microvesicles. as many teleost pheromones are steroidal in nature, we hypothesised that they would preferentially dissolve in the organic, hydrophobic core of these vesicles instead of in water and therefore be unavailable for detection. this would have obvious and profound effects on many aspects of fish biology. to ... | 2002 | 12200084 |
| a major substrate for mpf: cdna cloning and expression of polypeptide chain elongation factor 1 gamma from goldfish (carassius auratus). | one of the eukaryotic polypeptide chain elongation factors, ef-1 beta gamma delta complex, is involved in polypeptide chain elongation via the gdp/gtp exchange activity of ef-1 alpha. in the complex, ef-1 gamma has been reported to be a major substrate for maturation promoting factor (mpf). here, we present the cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of goldfish, carassius auratus, ef-1 gamma from the goldfish ovary. the cloned cdna was 1490 bp in length and encoded 442 amino acids. the dedu ... | 2002 | 12180134 |
| brain hsp70 mrna expression is linked with plasma cortisol levels in goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed to a potential predator. | we previously found that when goldfish were exposed to a potential predator, bluegills, the goldfish experienced an increase in hsp70 mrna expression in the brains and increased plasma cortisol levels. in the present study, we examined the potential causative relationship between hsp70 mrna expression and plasma cortisol levels. cortisol agonists (corticotropin releasing factor and cortisol) and antagonists (metyrapone and betamethasone) were used to modulate plasma cortisol levels. hsp70 mrna e ... | 2002 | 12149573 |
| a cryptic clonal line of the loach misgurnus anguillicaudatus (teleostei: cobitidae) evidenced by induced gynogenesis, interspecific hybridization, microsatellite genotyping and multilocus dna fingerprinting. | in memanbetsu town, hokkaido island, japan, a high frequency of natural triploid loaches misgurnus anguillicaudatus (7.4% on average) was detected by flow cytometry for relative dna content. among sympatric diploid females (n=6) from a single population, we found two unique females that laid unreduced diploid eggs. they gave normal diploid progeny even after induction of gynogenesis with genetically inert uv-irradiated sperm. when fertilized with normal loach sperm, some unreduced eggs developed ... | 2002 | 12130809 |
| screen for stage-specific expression genes between tail bud stage and heartbeat beginning stage in embryogenesis of gynogenetic silver crucian carp. | a systemic study was initiated to identify stage-specific expression genes in fish embryogenesis by using suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) technique. in this study, we presented a preliminary result on screen for stage-specific expression genes between tail bud stage (tbs) and heartbeat beginning stage (hbs) in gynogenetic silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio). two ssh plasmid libraries specific for tbs embryos and hbs embryos were constructed, and stage-specific expression ... | 2002 | 12118939 |
| hypothalamic inferior lobe and lateral torus connections in a percomorph teleost, the red cichlid (hemichromis lifalili). | the neuroanatomic connections of the inferior lobe and the lateral torus of the percomorph hemichromis lifalili were investigated by 1,1', dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindo-carbocyanine perchlorate (dii) tracing. the inferior lobe and the lateral torus both receive afferents from the secondary gustatory nucleus. additional afferents reach the inferior lobe from the nucleus glomerulosus, nucleus suprachiasmaticus, dorsal and central posterior thalamic nucleus, nucleus lateralis valvulae, magn ... | 2002 | 12115692 |
| high transmittance of x-rays in the utricular otolith of upside-down swimming catfish, synodontis nigriventris. | the upside-down swimming catfish (synodontis nigriventris) has unique behavior, i.e., it frequently shows a stable upside-down posture during swimming and resting. to examine whether the unique postural control in s. nigriventris results from the characteristics of the vestibular organ, we observed the morphological aspects of the otolith and the orientation of sensory hair cells in the utricle. soft x-ray densitometry analysis showed that the transmittance of soft x-rays in the otolith of s. ni ... | 2002 | 12101349 |
| toxicity of chloroanilines and effects on superoxide dismutase activities in serum of crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 2002 | 12068927 | |
| factors affecting the efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transplantation in the fish embryo. | procedures to improve somatic cell nuclear transplantation in fish were evaluated. we reported effects of nonirradiated recipient eggs, inactivated recipient eggs, different combinations between recipient eggs and donor cells, duration of serum starvation, generation number, and passage number of donor cells on developmental rates of nuclear transplant (nt) embryos. exposure to 25,000 r of gamma-rays inactivated recipient eggs. single nucleus of cultured, synchronized somatic cell from gynogenet ... | 2002 | 12410600 |
| karyotypic diversity in polyploid gibel carp, carassius auratus gibelio bloch. | polyploid gibel carp, carassius auratus gibelio, is an excellent model system for evolutionary genetics owing to its specific genetic background and reproductive modes. comparative karyotype studies were performed in three cultured clones, one artificially manipulated group, and one mated group between two clones. both the clones a and p had 156 chromosomes in their karyotypes, with 36 metacentric, 54 submetacentric, 36 subtelocentric, 24 acrocentric, and six small chromosomes. the karyotype of ... | 2002 | 12403177 |
| response properties of diencephalic neurons to visual, acoustic and hydrodynamic stimulation in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | we studied the responses to sensory stimulation of three diencephalic areas, the central posterior nucleus of the dorsal thalamus, the anterior tuberal nucleus of the hypothalamus, and the preglomerular complex. units sensitive to acoustic (500 hz tone burst), hydrodynamic (25 hz dipole stimulus) and visual (640 nm light flash) stimuli were found in both the central posterior and anterior tuberal nucleus. in contrast, unit responses or large robust evoked potentials confined to the preglomerular ... | 2002 | 16351857 |
| [studies of f1 of transgenic allotetraploid hybrids of carassius auratus red var. (female) x cyprinus carpio (male)]. | the tetraploid fish has been developed by assortative breeding the hybrids of carassius auratus red var. (female) x cyprinus carpio (male), which has the stable genetic characters and can reproduce themselves. an "all-fish" recombinant dna construct (pcagcghc) containing common carp beta-actin gene promoter and cdna for grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella) growth hormone gene was introduced into fertilized eggs of the allotetroploid fish through microinjection as soon as artificial insemination ... | 2002 | 12043572 |
| identification of two distinct e-ntpdases in liver of goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | we have recently reported the existence of atpase activity capable of hydrolyzing extracellular atp and localized at the external cell membrane of goldfish hepatocytes [am. j. physiol. (1998) 274 r1031]. in the present study, we investigated whether one or more enzymes of the atp diphosphohydrolase family (called e-ntpdases) are responsible for the hydrolysis of extracellular atp and other nucleotides. using soluble extracts from goldfish liver, enzyme activity was detected in the presence of at ... | 2002 | 11923085 |
| neural representations of the axis of acoustic particle motion in nucleus centralis of the torus semicircularis of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | experiments examined differential coding of acoustic particle motion axis in the auditory midbrain of goldfish. animals were exposed to vibratory stimuli varying in axis orientation as action potentials were recorded from single units in the central neuropil of nucleus centralis in the torus semicircularis. response magnitudes as a function of stimulation axis were visualized in three dimensional plots called directional response profiles. these are generally comparable to directional responses ... | 2002 | 12012101 |
| brainstem lateral line responses to sinusoidal wave stimuli in still and running water. | the fish lateral line consists of superficial and canal neuromasts. in still water, afferent fibers from both types of neuromast respond equally well to a sinusoidally vibrating sphere. in running water, responses to a vibrating sphere of fibers innervating superficial neuromasts are masked. in contrast, responses of fibers innervating canal neuromasts are barely altered. it is not known whether this functional subdivision of the peripheral lateral line is maintained in the brain. we studied the ... | 2002 | 11976358 |
| modulation of goldfish testicular testosterone production in vitro by tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, and macrophage conditioned media. | the relevance of immune-endocrine interactions to the regulation of testicular steroidogenesis in teleosts is virtually unexplored. the objectives of the present study were: 1) to investigate the effects of murine cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfalpha) and interleukin-1beta (il-1beta), and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) macrophage conditioned media (mcm) on testosterone (t) production by goldfish (carassius auratus) testis pieces in vitro; and 2) to identify the site(s) of the inhibitory ... | 2002 | 11857482 |
| a direct projection from the cerebellum to the telencephalon in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | recent studies showed that the cerebellum is involved in cognitive functions previously thought to be located in the telencephalon only. various indirect connections between telencephalon and cerebellum are long known and may be the basis for the interaction of these two brain areas. by means of biotinylated dextran amine injections into the telencephalon and cerebellum in the goldfish, carassius auratus, we found a direct projection from the valvula cerebelli to the telencephalon. together with ... | 2002 | 11849758 |
| cell proliferation during blastema formation in the regenerating teleost fin. | epimorphic regeneration in teleost fins occurs through the establishment of a balanced growth state in which a blastema gives rise to all the mesenchymal cells, whereas definite areas of the epidermis proliferate leading to its extension, thus, allowing the enlargement of the whole structure. this type of regeneration involves specific mechanisms that temporally and spatially regulate cell proliferation. to understand how the blastema is formed and how this growth situation is set up, we investi ... | 2002 | 11836790 |
| biochemical and behavioral effects of carbofuran in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the effects of concentration (5, 50, and 500 microg/l) and duration (24, 48 h) of exposure to carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide, were assessed on brain catecholamine (norepinephrine [ne] and dopamine), plasma glucose, and hepatic glycogen contents and behavioral activities of goldfish (carassius auratus). after 24 h of exposure to 50 and 500 microg/l, the level of ne was increased in the olfactory bulbs. the same effect was observed after a 48-h exposure to 500 and 50 microg/l in the telenceph ... | 2002 | 11804052 |
| effects of chemical anoxia on adrenergic responses of goldfish hepatocytes and the contribution of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. | adrenergic responses during normoxia and chemical anoxia were investigated in anoxia-tolerant hepatocytes from the goldfish, carassius auratus. epinephrine-stimulated glucose release was unaltered after 1 hr of chemical anoxia, the concentration of epinephrine required for half maximal stimulation of glucose release (k0.5(glu)) ranging from 0.62 x 10(-8) to 2.05 x 10(-8) m. similarly, the maximum rate of glucose release caused by hormonal stimulation was not affected by chemical anoxia. in anoxi ... | 2002 | 11857481 |
| [genetic analysis on diversity of reproductive modes of silver crucian carp inferred by transferrin and isozyme markers]. | silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) has been known for its gynogenetic reproduction. in this paper, eggs from clone f of gynogenetic silver crucian carp were inseminated respectively by sperms of clone d, clone a and common carp, and polymorphic patterns of transferrin and isozymes of the produced three offspring fd, fa and fl were studied comparatively to explore the diversity in reproductive modes of silver crucian carp. as control, zymograms of fl progenies exhibited a maternally ... | 2002 | 15346982 |
| [mitochondrial dna variation in goldfish carassius auratus gibelio from water reservoirs in the far east]. | mtdna variation of goldfish samples from several water bodies of southern primorye was examined by rflp analysis. high mtdna polymorphism was found in the river populations but not in the lake ones. considerable among-haplotype divergence was found within samples, which suggests periodic gene exchange between populations having long histories of independent evolution. the absence of substantial differences between clusters of mtdna haplotypes indicates recurrent transfer from bisexual to gynogen ... | 2002 | 12449649 |
| fluorescein: a rapid, sensitive, nonlethal method for detecting skin ulceration in fish. | there is a need to develop simple, rapid, and accurate methods for assessing health in fish populations. in this study we demonstrate that use of fluorescein, a nontoxic fluorescent dye, can rapidly and easily detect the presence of skin ulcers in all fish tested, including rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), goldfish (carassius auratus), and hybrid striped bass (morone saxatilis male x m. chrysops female). exposure of fish to as little as 0.10 mg fluoresc ... | 2002 | 12450204 |
| reproduction mode of an artificial allotetraploid carp (pisces; cyprinidae). | mature eggs of allotetraploid carp were activated by inactive sperm or crossed with normal sperms of common carp (cyprinus carpio), crucian carp (carassius auratus), chinese blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala), hemiculter leucisculus and pseudorasbora parva. chromosome counts showed that all offspring of these crosses presented a mode number of 200 chromosomes (4n = 200), and their morphological traits are much like maternal. microsatelite marker and rapd patterns between allotetraploid ... | 2002 | 12627840 |
| effects of a phytosterol mixture on male fish plasma lipoprotein fractions and testis p450scc activity. | plant sterols (phytosterols) have been identified as one potential source of reproductive effects in fish living downstream of pulp mills. beta-sitosterol, the predominant plant sterol in pulp mill effluent, has previously been shown to decrease plasma sex steroid and cholesterol levels and in vitro gonadal steroid production in fish. in this study, male brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis) and goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to a phytosterol mixture (72% beta-sitosterol) via silastic i ... | 2003 | 12568795 |
| effects of cu2+, cro4(2-), co2+ and pb2+ on the monovalent ion content of goldfish (carassius auratus gibelio) tissues studied by x-ray microanalysis. | carassius auratus gibelio was chosen as an organism with a high level of tolerance against heavy metal to investigate changes in monovalent ions content in its tissues. fish were kept in 10 ppm cu2+ (3h), cro4(2-) (96h), co2+ (96h), pb2+ (8h) and control (96h) solutions, then tissues were dissected and prepared for x-ray microanalysis. k+, na+ and cl- concentration was measured and calculated. short periods of time of fish acclimation to cu2+ (3h) and pb2+ (8h) caused fish to suffocate as a cons ... | 2003 | 14686657 |
| in vivo implants of beta-sitosterol cause reductions of reactive cholesterol pools in mitochondria isolated from gonads of male goldfish (carassius auratus). | beta-sitosterol, a phytosterol found in high concentrations in pulp mill effluents, has been proposed as one of the causative agents for steroid depressions observed in fish exposed to pulp mill effluents. previous studies have suggested a cholesterol-mediated mechanism; however, it is unknown how beta-sitosterol depresses gonadal steroidogenesis. in this study, adult male goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed for 24-31 days to beta-sitosterol (55% of a phytosterol mixture or 96% pure; 150 m ... | 2003 | 14636632 |
| differential metallothionein induction patterns in three freshwater fish during sublethal copper exposure. | we assessed whether fish that tolerate higher levels of cu exposure have a higher capacity to induce metallothionein (mt) synthesis than other, more sensitive, fish species. furthermore, we examined if a correlation could be found between tissue cu accumulation and mt levels. cu accumulation and mt concentrations in gill, liver, kidney and muscle of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), common carp (cyprinus carpio) and gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) were measured during a 1 week exposure ... | 2003 | 14568355 |
| a role for nitric oxide in hypoxia-induced activation of cardiac katp channels in goldfish (carassius auratus). | hypoxia-induced shortening of cardiac action potential duration (apd) has been attributed in mammalian hearts to the activation of atp-sensitive potassium (katp) channels. since katp channels are also present at high densities in the hearts of vertebrate ectotherms, speculation arises as to their function during periods of reduced environmental oxygen. the purpose of the present study was to determine whether nitric oxide (no) plays a role in cardiac sarcolemmal katp channel activation during hy ... | 2003 | 14555746 |
| examination of reproductive endpoints in goldfish (carassius auratus) exposed in situ to municipal sewage treatment plant effluent discharges in michigan, usa. | effects of representative mid-michigan (usa) wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) effluents on the reproductive physiology of common goldfish (carassius auratus) were assessed in situ by measuring plasma concentrations of vitellogenin (vtg), 17 beta-estradiol (e2), and testosterone (t), and evaluating gonad histology. caged adult male and female goldfish were exposed for six weeks to wwtp effluents. one riverine site and one lacustrine site were included as references for comparison to wwtp sites. ... | 2003 | 14552007 |
| circadian variation of brain histamine in goldfish. | teleosts may make an excellent model to study brain histamine function. fishes are phylogenetically closer to the basic vertebrate blueprint than higher vertebrates. they appear to have a simpler histaminergic system in terms of central nervous system distribution and, contrary to higher vertebrates, brain histamine appears to be strictly neuronal. in this preliminary study, we examined circadian variation of brain histamine in goldfish, carassius auratus, as this neurotransmitter correlates wit ... | 2003 | 12464402 |
| the role of telencephalic nmda receptors in avoidance learning in goldfish (carassius auratus). | studies with goldfish (carassius auratus) have suggested that n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors are concentrated most densely in the telencephalon, a simple structure homologous to the limbic structure of higher vertebrates. the present study investigated the amnestic effects of microinjections of the nmda receptor antagonist d(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (d-ap5) to the goldfish telencephalon on avoidance conditioning. results showed that microinjections of d-ap5 before training imp ... | 2003 | 12802883 |
| effects of running water on lateral line responses to moving objects. | we investigated in goldfish, carassius auratus, and trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, how running water affects the responses of afferent fibers in the posterior lateral line nerve and of lateral line units in the brainstem medial octavolateralis nucleus to an object that is moved from anterior to posterior or opposite along the side of the fish. in still water, nerve fibers in both species responded to the moving object with alternating periods of increased and decreased firing rate. most fibers in g ... | 2003 | 12784057 |
| hepatic accumulation and effects of microcystin-lr on juvenile goldfish carassius auratus l. | after intraperitoneal injection of microcystin-lr (mc-lr) (125 microg kg(-1) body wt.), the concentration of mc-lr in the liver of juvenile goldfish carassius auratus (30 g body wt.) was assayed by a modified protein phosphatase inhibition method. a temporary accumulation occurred from 3 to 48 h post-injection, followed by a significant decrease between 48 and 96 h. under our experimental conditions, contamination by mc-lr did not change ionic homeostasis, as attested by blood osmolality values ... | 2003 | 12781839 |
| infection in the fins of the goldfish carassius auratus caused by myxobolus diversus (myxosporea). | during health surveys of 7- to 9-week-old goldfish (carassius auratus l.) fingerlings in a fish farm near budapest, hungary, myxosporean plasmodia were observed on the fins. plasmodia were most frequently found at the intersegmental joints of the finrays. spores of myxobolus diversus nie et li, 1973 known from china, were detectable in the mature plasmodia located within the lumen, and less often on the surface, of the cartilaginous finrays. the external wall of the plasmodia was constituted by ... | 2003 | 12735721 |
| olfactory sensitivity to catecholamines and their metabolites in the goldfish. | the current study assessed the olfactory sensitivity of the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) to the catecholamines, their immediate precursors and metabolites by use of the electro-olfactogram (eog). the olfactory system of the goldfish was found to be sensitive to both adrenaline and dopamine with thresholds of detection of 10(-7.8) and 10(-7.9) m respectively, but less so to noradrenaline (threshold of detection 10(-6.3) m). the 3-o-methoxy metabolites (metadrenaline, normetadrenaline and 3-o-m ... | 2003 | 12714443 |
| role of leptin in the control of feeding of goldfish carassius auratus: interactions with cholecystokinin, neuropeptide y and orexin a, and modulation by fasting. | to assess the role of leptin on food intake regulation in goldfish, we examined the effects of central (intracerebroventricular, icv) and peripheral (intraperitoneal, ip) injections of recombinant murine leptin on feeding behavior. centrally (100 ng/g) and peripherally (300 ng/g) injected leptin both caused a significant decrease in food intake, compared to the saline-treated controls. to test the hypothesis that leptin influenced orexigenic neuropeptide systems in goldfish, fish were co-injecte ... | 2003 | 12711082 |
| polyamines as olfactory stimuli in the goldfish carassius auratus. | electrophysiological responses of goldfish olfactory receptor neurons (orns) and goldfish behavioral responses to polyamines were investigated in vivo. electro-olfactogram (eog) recordings indicated that polyamines (putrescine, cadaverine and spermine) are potent olfactory stimuli for goldfish with estimated electrophysiological thresholds of 10(-8)-10(-7) mol l(-1), similar to that for l-arginine, the most stimulatory amino acid. although thresholds were similar, the magnitude of the eog respon ... | 2003 | 12682100 |
| uptake and accumulation of mercury from dental amalgam in the common goldfish, carassius auratus. | in this study, the bioavailability and accumulation of mercury from external environmental exposure to mixed, cured, milled, sieved and proportioned dental amalgam was examined in the common goldfish, carassius auratus. fish were exposed to dental amalgam (particle size range from < 0.10 to 3.15 mm) in order to represent the particle size and distribution of that found within the typical dental office wastewater discharge stream. experimental amalgam water loadings were 0 g/l, 0.5 g/l and 1 g/l ... | 2003 | 12685760 |
| [cloning of hemoglobin alpha-chain cdna sequences from five fishes in cypriniformes]. | oxygen content in water is one of the limit factors to the fish growing. the tolerance of fish to low oxygen content depends on the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen. the tempt of transgenic fish study is to transfer hemoglobin gene from the fish that tolerates to low oxygen content in water to the fish sensitive to low oxygen condition. therefore, using hemoglobin gene to breed new varieties may become a main trend in the near future. to explore the underline mechanisms for the variation of hemo ... | 2003 | 12939797 |
| a hydrodynamic topographic map in the midbrain of goldfish carassius auratus. | sensory systems often consist of several parallel pathways. within each pathway, sensory information may be processed in topographically arranged maps or in maps derived by neuronal computation. parallel pathways have so far not been described in the central lateral line system of teleost fish at levels higher than the medulla, and evidence for midbrain lateral line maps in fish is still weak. we found two classes of units with different response patterns in the central lateral line nucleus in t ... | 2003 | 12939378 |
| 3,4-dichloroaniline-induced oxidative stress in liver of crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 3,4-dichloroaniline (dca) and its analogs are widely used as chemical intermediates in the synthesis of herbicides, azo dyes, and pharmaceuticals. they bring danger to growth, development, and propagation of aquatic organisms. the purpose of this study was to show dca-induced oxidative stress response in liver of crucian carp (carassius auratus). superoxide dismutase (sod), malondialdehyde (mda), glutathione (gsh), nitric oxide (no), and no synthase (nos) in liver were measured in crucian carp a ... | 2003 | 12927556 |
| [the chromosome number and gonadal structure of f9-f11 allotetraploid crucian-carp]. | in this paper, the chromosome number of f9-f11 hybridis of red crucian (carassius auratus) x common carp(cryprinus carpio) was examined by means of kidney cell-pha culture. the results showed that f9-f11 allotetraploids possessed 200 chromosomes, with the karyotype formula 44 m + 68 sm + 44 st + 44 t, which were the same as the data indicated in f3-f8 allotetraploids. both female and male of f9-f11 allotetraploids had the normal ovaries and testes that were able to produce the normal dipoid ova ... | 2003 | 12924154 |
| recovery of c-starts, equilibrium and targeted feeding after whole spinal cord crush in the adult goldfish carassius auratus. | central nervous system neurons of many adult teleost fish are capable of regrowth across spinal cord lesions, which may result in behavioral recovery of swimming. since there have been few, if any, studies that examine the return of behaviors other than swimming, we provide a quantitative analysis of the recovery of c-starts that occur in adult goldfish after spinal cord injury. in addition, we include a qualitative analysis of the return of targeted feeding and equilibrium. whole spinal cord cr ... | 2003 | 12878670 |
| circadian variations of melatonin binding sites in the goldfish brain. | daily and circadian variations in melatonin binding sites in the brain of goldfish (carassius auratus) were examined by radioreceptor assay. under light-dark cycles of 12:12 h, the density (b(max)) of melatonin binding sites in the brain exhibited daily variations with a peak and a trough seen around the light offset and 2 h before light onset, respectively. the affinity (k(d)) exhibited no variation. the rhythm in the b(max) persisted even under constant darkness with higher levels during the l ... | 2003 | 12865139 |
| comparative studies on in vitro sperm decondensation and pronucleus formation in egg extracts between gynogenetic and bisexual fish. | a cell-free system based upon the egg extracts from gynogenetic gibel carp (carassius auratus gibelio) or bisexual red common carp (cyprinus carpio red variety) was developed to investigate developmental behaviors of the demembranated sperm nuclei. both red common carp and gibel carp sperm nuclei could decondense fully and form pronuclei in the red common carp egg extracts. gibel carp sperm nuclei could also decondense fully and form pronuclei in the gibel carp egg extracts, but red common carp ... | 2003 | 12862316 |
| in vivo and in vitro assessment of the androgenic potential of a pulp and paper mill effluent. | the androgenic potential of a new zealand pulp and paper mill effluent was measured by applying a combination of in vitro and in vivo bioassays with mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) and goldfish (carassius auratus). the in vivo method assessed the rate of gonopodial development (masculinization) and alterations from normal reproductive behavior in adult female mosquitofish exposed for 21 d to untreated or secondary-treated pulp mill effluent. a second in vivo mosquitofish exposure tested the effe ... | 2003 | 12836968 |
| neuromuscular transmission of pectoral fin muscles of the goldfish carassius auratus. | the electrical properties and neuromuscular transmission of white and red fibers of pectoral fin muscles of the goldfish carassius auratus were studied using an intracellular recording technique. the pectoral fin muscles consist mainly of white and red fibers. almost all of white fibers elicited action potentials with overshoot by direct stimulation, but graded responses appeared in the red fibers. however, overshooting action potentials were often recorded from the red fibers in saline containi ... | 2003 | 12829051 |
| chemobehavioral changes induced by short-term exposures to prochloraz, nicosulfuron, and carbofuran in goldfish. | the behavioral effects of short periods (2, 4, 6, 8 h) of static exposure to prochloraz (imidazole fungicide) and nicosulfuron (sulfonylurea herbicide) were recorded in goldfish (carassius auratus). observations were also made in an olfactometer to assess the effects of 8-h exposures to these two pesticides and to carbofuran (carbamate insecticide) on the behavioral responses to the flow of a solution of four l-amino acids (glycine, alanine, valine, taurine), mixed in the same relative proportio ... | 2003 | 14708668 |
| involvement of the telencephalon in spaced-trial avoidance learning in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | goldfish (carassius auratus) received escape-avoidance training in a shuttle-response situation at a rate of a single trial per day. widely spaced training evaluates the ability of a discriminative stimulus to control an avoidance response in the absence of stimulus carry-over effects from prior recent trials. in experiment 1, master goldfish exhibited significantly faster avoidance learning than yoked controls. the results suggest that the shuttle response was instrumentally acquired. experimen ... | 2003 | 14568307 |
| two unisexual artificial polyploid clones constructed by genome addition of common carp (cyprinus carp) and crucian carp (carassius auratus). | a polyploid hybrid fish with natural gynogenesis can prevent segregation and maintain their hybrid vigor in their progenies. supposing the reproduction mode of induced polyploid fish being natural gynogenesis, allopolyploid hybrid between common carp and crucian carp into allopolyploid was performed. the purpose of this paper is to describe a lineage from sexual diploid carp transforming into allotriploid and allotetraploid unisexual clones by genome addition. the diploid hybrid between common c ... | 2003 | 18758716 |
| effects of dopaminergic drugs and telencephalic ablation on eye movements in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the effect of the dopamine agonist apomorphine and the antagonist haloperidol on eye movements was tested in normal and telencephalon ablated goldfish. reflex eye movements evoked by a rotating striped cylinder were not affected, which suggests that basic sensory and motor functions were not influenced by neither dopaminergic drugs nor the telencephalon. however, profound changes were observed in spontaneous eye movements. particularly, the effect of apomorphine was similar to changes in eye mov ... | 2003 | 11922996 |
| comparisons of calcium regulation in fish larvae. | the purpose of the present study was to compare the ability of larvae of different species, goldfish (carassius auratus), zebrafish (danio rerio), and ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), to regulate their calcium balance. whole-body ca(2+) content and ca(2+) influx in the larvae of the three species, which were incubated in low- (0.02 mm), mid- (0.2 mm), and high- (2.0 mm) ca(2+) artificial fresh water from embryonic stages, were compared. the ca(2+) uptake kinetics were determined in zebrafish and go ... | 2003 | 12541296 |
| physiologic ph changes modulate calcium ion dependence of brain nitric oxide synthase in carassius auratus. | species of the fish genus carassius survive prolonged anoxia. nitric oxide (no) regulates cerebral blood flow in these fish during normoxic conditions whereas adenosine is the main vasoregulating molecule during anoxia. we investigated the calcium ion dependence of carassius auratus brain no synthase (nos) as a function of ph. the physiological ph decrease from 7.2 to 6.8, which takes place during anoxia, greatly decreases nos activity. this strong ph dependence is mainly due to variation of the ... | 2003 | 12495813 |
| external inhibition in a goldfish (carassius auratus) classical conditioning situation. | goldfish were classically conditioned with a light as the cs and shock as the us. the ur was a decrease in respiration. after 15 or 60 conditioning trials the fish were tested with novel stimuli (clicks) during the cs-us interval. high and moderate intensity novel stimuli produced a significant decrease in crs (external inhibition) for fish with 60 conditioning trials (5.5 or 10.5 sec cs-us interval), but not fish with 15 conditioning trials. low intensity novel stimuli produced no evidence for ... | 2003 | 683725 |
| molecular cytogenetic detection of paternal chromosome fragments in allogynogenetic gibel carp, carassius auratus gibelio bloch. | in gynogenesis, sperm from related species activates egg and embryonic development, but normally does not contribute genetically to the offspring. in gibel carp, carassius auratus gibelio bloch, however, gynogenetic offspring often show some phenotypes apparently derived from the heterologous sperm donor. this paternal effect of allogynogenesis is outstanding in an artificial clone f produced by cold treatment of clone e eggs after insemination with blunt-nose black bream (megaloabrama amblyceph ... | 2003 | 14606628 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) growth hormone receptor (ghr). assessment of alternative splicing. | the full-length growth hormone receptor (ghr) of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) was cloned and sequenced by rt-pcr and rapid amplification of 5'and 3'ends. the open reading frame codes for a mature 609 amino acid protein with a hydrophobic transmembrane region and all the characteristic motifs of ghrs. sequence analysis revealed a 96 and 76% of amino acid identity with black sea bream (acanthopagrus schlegeli) and turbot (scophthalmus maximus) ghrs, respectively, but this amino acid identity ... | 2003 | 12941635 |