Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| molecular cloning and expression studies of a prolactin receptor in goldfish (carassius auratus). | a full-length cdna clone, of a size of 4.6 kb, for the goldfish prolactin receptor has been isolated. this cdna clone encodes a protein of 600 amino acids homologous to prolactin receptors of other species. a kyte-doolittle hydropathy analysis of the receptor indicates that the translated protein consists of a signal peptide of 22 amino acids, an extracellular domain of 228 amino acids, a single transmembrane domain of 24 amino acids, and an intracellular domain of 346 amino acids. several chara ... | 2000 | 10794515 |
| comparing risk factors for population extinction. | extinction risk of natural populations of animals and plants is enhanced by many different processes, including habitat size reduction and toxic chemical exposure. we develop a method to evaluate different risk factors in terms of the decrease in the mean extinction time. we choose a population model with logistic growth, environmental and demographic stochasticities with three parameters (intrinsic growth rate r, carrying capacity k, and environmental noise sigma(2)(e)). the reduction in the ha ... | 2000 | 10816358 |
| extinction risk of a density-dependent population estimated from a time series of population size. | environmental threats, such as habitat size reduction or environmental pollution, may not cause immediate extinction of a population but shorten the expected time to extinction. we develop a method to estimate the mean time to extinction for a density-dependent population with environmental fluctuation. we first derive a formula for a stochastic differential equation model (canonical model) of a population with logistic growth with environmental and demographic stochasticities. we then study an ... | 2000 | 10816359 |
| fish uptake of inorganic and mucus complexes of lead. | carassius auratus were exposed to lead in synthetic water. mucus secreted from the fish was measured and characterized for its lead binding capacity. the increase in mucus concentration in the water depended on secretion and degradation rates and the former was speeded up by lead. the complexation between mucus and lead can be described based on a single-site interaction model. lead speciation in the system with or without mucus was calculated using chemical equilibrium modeling. the dominant sp ... | 2000 | 10831330 |
| specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity against a virus-infected syngeneic cell line in isogeneic ginbuna crucian carp. | in the present study, we attempted to determine whether virus-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity occurs in fish. experiments were conducted with clonal ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) (s3n strain), and the syngeneic cell line (cfs). two infectious viruses were used: infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) and eel virus from america (eva). peripheral blood leukocytes, which consisted almost entirely (95%) of lymphocytes and thrombocytes, from s3n ginbuna immunized with v ... | 2000 | 10831797 |
| evidence that nitric oxide is involved in the regulation of growth hormone secretion in goldfish. | whether nitric oxide (no) plays a role in regulation of growth hormone (gh) secretion from somatotropes in the pituitary of the goldfish carassius auratus was investigated. immunocytochemistry with two antibodies against mammalian no synthase (nos) revealed the presence of a nos-like enzyme in primary cultures of dispersed goldfish pituitary cells, including morphologically identified somatotropes. no donors s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine and sodium nitroprusside (snp), as well as a cyclic guan ... | 2000 | 10843797 |
| [the variability of the reaction to a visual stimulus in goldfish, carassius auratus l. (cyprinidae: pisces)]. | animal's responses to repeated identical stimulation are notoriously variable. the variability is not always resulted from differences between individuals, stimulus action, or habituation. goldfish's responses to a visual stimulus were studied in order to reveal the nature of variability. the experimental device consisted of a white circular corridor, and the black band stimulus drown across the corridor. fish responded to the stimulation by an increase in frequency of turns in the vicinity of t ... | 2006 | 10863367 |
| pheromone discrimination ability of olfactory bulb mitral and ruffed cells in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | significant anatomical differences characterizing mitral cells and ruffed cells were published by kosaka and hama in three teleost species. physiological responses from both types of relay neurons have now been recorded extracellularly and simultaneously in the plexiform layer using a single tungsten microelectrode. during interstimulus intervals mitral cells responded with higher, frequently burst-like impulse rates triggered by the activity of epithelial receptor neurons. ruffed cell impulse r ... | 2000 | 10866992 |
| immunocytochemical localization of the glutamate transporter glt-1 in goldfish (carassius auratus) retina. | glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the retina of vertebrates. electrophysiological experiments in goldfish and salamander have shown that neuronal glutamate transporters play an important role in the clearance of glutamate from cone synaptic clefts. in this study, the localization of the glutamate transporter glt-1 has been investigated immunocytochemically at the light and electron microscopical levels in the goldfish retina using a glt-1-specific antibody. glt immunoreactivi ... | 2000 | 10870084 |
| variability in the role of the gasbladder in fish audition. | the teleost gasbladder is believed to aid in fish audition by transferring pressure components of incoming sound to the inner ears. this idea is primarily based on both anatomical observations of the mechanical connection between the gasbladder and the ear, followed by physiological experiments by various researchers. the gasbladder movement has been modeled mathematically as a pulsating bubble. this study is extending the previous work on fish with a physical coupling of the gasbladder and ear ... | 2000 | 10879947 |
| the distribution of the introduced tapeworm bothriocephalus acheilognathi in australian freshwater fishes. | native and exotic fishes were collected from 29 sites across coastal and inland new south wales, queensland and victoria, using a range of techniques, to infer the distribution of bothriocephalus acheilognathi (cestoda: pseudophyllidea) and the host species in which it occurs. the distribution of b. acheilognathi was determined by that of its principal host, carp, cyprinus carpio; it did not occur at sites where carp were not present. the parasite was recorded from all native fish species where ... | 2000 | 10881282 |
| effect of the pesticide deltamethrin on the mauthner cells of lake balaton fish. | deltamethrin, a synthetic pesticide [(s)alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1r)-cis-3-(2.2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dim ethylcyclopropane-carboxylate] used for extermination of mosquitoes on the shores of lake balaton, has been found to induce severe impairments of the nervous system of several lake balaton fish, such as carp (cyprinus carpio), goldfish (carassius auratus gibelis bloch), eel (anguilla anguilla) and wels (silurus glanis). it has been shown that deltamethrin, in a concentration of 1 microgram/l ... | 2000 | 10894124 |
| uptake of weakly hydrophobic nitroaromatics from water by semipermeable membrane devices (spmds) and by goldfish (carassius auratus). | semipermeable membrane devices (spmds) filled with triolein, and goldfish (carassius auratus) were simultaneously exposed to nine weakly hydrophobic nitroaromatics in a laboratory continuous-flow experiment. the results showed that the device concentrated the compounds in most cases to a larger extent than fish and that the overall uptake rate constants (kmu) and average pollutant sampling rates (r(s)) were similar. we conclude that the spmds may be used to determine the levels of weakly hydroph ... | 1999 | 10903091 |
| action of adenosine on energetics, protein synthesis and k(+) homeostasis in teleost hepatocytes. | in a comparative study, we analysed the effects of adenosine on the energetics, protein synthesis and k(+ )homeostasis of hepatocytes from the anoxia-tolerant goldfish carassius auratus and the anoxia-intolerant trout oncorhynchus mykiss. the rate of oxygen consumption did not respond immediately to the addition of adenosine to the cells from either species, but showed a significant decrease in trout hepatocytes after 30 min. the anaerobic rate of lactate formation was not significantly affected ... | 2000 | 10934006 |
| generation and functional analysis of distinct macrophage sub-populations from goldfish (carassius auratus l.) kidney leukocyte cultures. | three distinct sub-populations of macrophages derived from goldfish kidney leukocyte cultures were generated and characterised. the sub-populations designated as r1, r2 and r3-type macrophages had distinct morphological, cytochemical and flow cytometric profiles, and also differed in their anti-microbial functions after activation with macrophage activation factors (maf) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). the r1-type macrophages were small cells that contained acid phosphatase, but lacked m ... | 2000 | 10938719 |
| genotoxicity evaluation of heat shock in gold fish (carassius auratus). | genotoxicity evaluation of heat shock was carried out in carassius auratus. the genotoxicity end points studied were nuclear anomalies (micronucleus assay), chromosomal aberrations, dna damage (comet assay) and cell proliferation. the heat shock temperatures used were 34 degrees c, 36 degrees c and 38 degrees c. the results demonstrated that heat shock causes the induction of micronucleus at all the three temperature studied. heat shock also inhibited cell proliferation at 38 degrees c and cause ... | 2000 | 10946237 |
| dissociation of place and cue learning by telencephalic ablation in goldfish. | this study examined the spatial strategies used by goldfish (carassius auratus) to find a goal in a 4-arm maze and the involvement of the telencephalon in this spatial learning. intact and telencephalon-ablated goldfish were trained to find food in an arm placed in a constant room location and signaled by a local visual cue (mixed place-cue procedure). both groups learned the task, but they used different learning strategies. telencephalon-ablated goldfish learned the task more quickly and made ... | 2000 | 10959527 |
| differential innervation of the goldfish tonic red muscles and twitch white muscles by neuropeptide-immunoreactive motoneurons. | neuropeptides in the motor nerves innervating the red and white muscles of the goldfish carassius auratus were examined. in the tonic red muscles, varicose nerve endings immunoreactive for both calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance p were found spread over the surface of the muscle fibers, but in the twitch white muscles only scattered nerve endings immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide were found. at the electron microscopic observation, dense electron products immunoreacti ... | 2000 | 10974495 |
| the homologue of mannose-binding lectin in the carp family cyprinidae is expressed at high level in spleen, and the deduced primary structure predicts affinity for galactose. | mannose-binding lectin (mbl) participates in the innate immune system as an activator of the complement system and as an opsonin after binding to certain carbohydrate structures on microorganisms. we isolated and characterized cdna transcripts encoding an mbl homologue from three members of the carp family cyprinidae, the zebrafish danio rerio, the goldfish carassius auratus, and the carp cyprinus carpio. the carp and zebrafish transcripts contain two polyadenylation sites and rt-pcr on mrna fro ... | 2000 | 11003389 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (e1) from goldfish (carassius auratus) and expression analysis of the cloned gene. | destruction of cyclin b is required to the mitotic and meiotic cycles. a cyclin-specific ubiquitinating system, including ubiquitin-activating enzyme (e1), is thought to be responsible for cyclin b destruction. here we present the cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of goldfish, carassius auratus, e1 from goldfish ovary. the cloned cdna is 4069 bp long and encodes 1059 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to e1 from other species. recombinant goldfish e1 coul ... | 2000 | 11004499 |
| a mathematical analysis of the peripheral auditory system mechanics in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | the dynamic response of the goldfish peripheral auditory system has been analyzed using lumped-parameter mechanical and fluid system models for the swimbladder, weberian apparatus, and saccule. the swimbladder is treated as a two degree-of-freedom mechanical system consisting of two coupled mass-spring-damper arrangements. the swimbladder is coupled to the weberian ossicles using a phenomenological analysis of the anterior swimbladder tunica externa which permits both stretching and sliding. ana ... | 2000 | 11008831 |
| endocrine disruption by hexachlorobenzene in crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio). | 2000 | 11014838 | |
| inhibitory effects of morphine on some inflammation-related parameters in the goldfish carassius auratus l. | acute peritonitis induced in the goldfish by intraperitoneal injection of a sterile thioglycollate solution shows a typical pattern with intraperitoneal exudation of serum proteins followed by influx of leucocytes (mainly heterophils/macrophages) correlated with elevated levels of chemotactic factors in peritoneal fluid and blood plasma. supplementation of thioglycollate with morphine (20 mg kg(-1) b.w.) does not affect the leakage of serum proteins into peritoneum. in contrast, it reduces the n ... | 2000 | 11016587 |
| effects of carbofuran, diuron, and nicosulfuron on acetylcholinesterase activity in goldfish (carassius auratus). | juvenile goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to three widely used pesticides; carbofuran, diuron, and nicosulfuron. acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity and molecular forms of ache were first characterized in brain and skeletal muscle of unexposed fish. skeletal muscle had higher ache activity than brain (306 and 215 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively). in brain, four molecular forms of ache were found: a12, g4, g2, and g1. in the muscle, three molecular forms were found a12, a8, and g2. ac ... | 2000 | 11023689 |
| whole-body metabolism of the organophosphorus pesticide, fenthion, in goldfish, carassius auratus. | the in vivo metabolism of fenthion, an organophosphorus pesticide, and its sulfoxide (fenthion sulfoxide) was examined in goldfish (carassius auratus). when goldfish were administered fenthion i.p. at a dose of 100 mg/kg, two metabolites were isolated from the tank water. they were identified as fenthion sulfoxide and fenthion oxon, in which > p = s of fenthion is transformed to > p = o, by comparing their mass and uv spectra, and their behavior in hplc and tlc, with those of authentic standards ... | 2000 | 11048676 |
| directional encoding by fish auditory systems. | this paper reviews and discusses several investigations of the peripheral neural code for the directional axis of acoustical particle motion in the saccule of two fishes: goldfish (carassius auratus) and toadfish (opsanus tau). most saccular afferents are directional in the manner of hair cells, having a cosine-shaped directional response pattern. the saccular sensory epithelia are orientated almost vertically in a parasagittal plane. in the horizontal plane, these epithelia are orientated obliq ... | 2000 | 11079415 |
| s100-like protein in the goldfish (carassius auratus) kidney. an immunohistochemical study. | the presence and distribution of s100-like protein in the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) kidney has been studied by the use of immunohistochemical and histochemical methods. simple immunohistochemistry (peroxidase anti-peroxidase method) was carried out with a polyclonal antibody against a mixture of both s100alpha and s100beta proteins. in order to confirm the cell-type containing s-100-like immunoreactivity, the colocalization of s-100-like protein immunoreactivity with periodic acid-schiff ( ... | 2000 | 11079723 |
| genetic evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in gynogenetic silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio bloch) as revealed by rapd assays. | sex evolution has been a debating focus in evolutionary genetics. in lower vertebrates of reptiles, amphibians, and fish, a species or a bioform reproduces either sexually or asexually but never both. a few species were found to consist of all females in fish. these all-female species can propagate by asexual reproduction modes, such as gynogenesis and hybridogenesis. however, the coexistence of sexuality and asexuality in a single species was recently noted only in a cyprinid fish silver crucia ... | 2000 | 11080373 |
| goldfish carassius auratus gibelio (bloch) occur in the russian area of the black sea. | 2016 | 11103328 | |
| evolutionary and physiological variation in cardiac troponin c in relation to thermal strategies of fish. | striated muscle contraction is initiated when troponin c (tnc) binds ca(2+), which activates actinomyosin atpase. we investigated (i) the variation between cardiac tnc (ctnc) primary structure within teleost fish and (ii) the pattern of tnc expression in response to temperature acclimation. there were few differences between rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), yellowfin tuna (thunnus albacares), yellow perch (perca flavescens), goldfish (carassius auratus), white sucker (catostomus commersoni), ... | 2000 | 11121357 |
| oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in goldfish carassius auratus during anoxia and reoxygenation. | the purpose of this work was to evaluate the response of the antioxidant system of goldfish carassius auratus during anoxia and reoxygenation. the exposure of goldfish to 8 h of anoxia induced a 14% decrease in total glutathione levels in the kidney, although the liver, brain, and muscle were unaffected. anoxia also resulted in increases in the activities of liver catalase, brain glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and brain glutathione peroxidase (by 38, 26, and 79%, respectively) and a decrease ... | 2001 | 11124139 |
| apoptosis and ovarian function: novel perspectives from the teleosts. | apoptosis is a fundamental mechanism in follicular atresia and postovulatory regression in mammals, but its role in teleost ovarian function is currently unknown. this study tested the hypotheses that apoptosis mediates follicular atresia in teleosts and is inducible in vitro by incubation in serum-free conditions. vitellogenic follicles from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and goldfish (carassius auratus) were incubated overnight in serum-free medium and examined for apoptosis by 3'-end-lab ... | 2001 | 11133683 |
| effects of cart peptides on food consumption, feeding and associated behaviors in the goldfish, carassius auratus: actions on neuropeptide y- and orexin a-induced feeding. | cart (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) peptides are novel brain neuropeptides that have been shown to have a role in the control of feeding behavior in mammals. the effects of intracereboventricular (i.c.v.) administration of two cart fragments, cart (62-76) and cart (55-102) on feeding and behavioral activity of goldfish (carassius auratus) were examined. both cart peptide fragments inhibited food intake in goldfish. co-injection of cart peptide and neuropeptide y (npy) reduced th ... | 2000 | 11134597 |
| uptake of cadmium adsorbed on particulates by gills of goldfish (carassius auratus). | goldfish (carassius auratus) were exposed to mixtures of constant dissolved cadmium (0.01 mg/l) and cadmium adsorbed on gibbsite particles at concentrations of 0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 mg/l. the gills of the fish were excised after a 5-day exposure experiment and both cadmium and aluminum in the gills were measured. the gills were also examined with a light microscope for surface adherence of the particles after the exposure. the evidence collected demonstrated that the concentration of ... | 2000 | 11139185 |
| immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the fish retina under light and dark adaptations. | previously we have observed the lack of immunoreactivity of taurine in the rod outer segments from light-adapted fish, such as the ayu plecoglossus altivelis and lefteye flounder paralichthys olivaceus. this finding prompted us to investigate if there is a difference in the immunocytochemical localization of taurine in the rod outer segments between the dark- and light-adapted states. in the retinas of the glass eel anguilla japonica and the young goldfish carassius auratus, extremely intense im ... | 2000 | 11140362 |
| cloning, characterization, and tissue distribution of prolactin receptor in the sea bream (sparus aurata). | the prolactin receptor (prlr) was cloned and its tissue distribution characterized in adults of the protandrous hermaphrodite marine teleost, the sea bream (sparus aurata). an homologous cdna probe for sea bream prlr (sbprlr) was obtained by rt-pcr using gill mrna. this probe was used to screen intestine and kidney cdna libraries from which two overlapping clones (1100 and 2425 bp, respectively) were obtained. these clones had 100% sequence identity in the overlapping region (893 bp) and were us ... | 2001 | 11161768 |
| kainate-activated cobalt uptake in the primary gustatory nucleus in goldfish: visualization of the morphology and distribution of cells expressing ampa/kainate receptors in the vagal lobe. | gustatory afferent fibers of the vagus nerve that innervate taste buds of the oropharynx of the goldfish, carassius auratus, project to the vagal lobe, which is a laminated gustatory nucleus in the dorsal medulla. as in the mammalian gustatory system, responses by second-order cells in the goldfish medulla are mediated by n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) and non-nmda ionotropic glutamate receptors. we utilized a cobalt uptake technique to label vagal lobe neurons that possess cobalt-permeable ionotro ... | 2001 | 11169990 |
| metabolic responses to epinephrine stimulation in goldfish hepatocytes: evidence for the presence of alpha-adrenoceptors. | the effect of epinephrine on various aspects of cellular metabolism was studied in hepatocytes from the goldfish carassius auratus. epinephrine increased cytosolic free calcium ([ca2+](i)) from a baseline value of 108 +/- 22 nm to a peak value of 577 +/- 127 nm in suspensions of hepatocytes. responses of single cells ranged from a single spike (66% of hepatocytes) to variable oscillatory patterns (34%). the increase in [ca(2+)](i) was independent of the presence of extracellular ca2+ and was pre ... | 2001 | 11178886 |
| identification and molecular cloning of germinal vesicle lamin b3 in goldfish (carassius auratus) oocytes. | a bulk isolation method was developed to collect a large number of germinal vesicles (gv) from postvitellogenic oocytes of goldfish (carassius auratus). using this method, we obtained gv lamina which are resistant to high salt and nonionic detergent. 2d page revealed that the goldfish gv lamina contained several spots with similar molecular masses (67 kda) and slightly different neutral isoelectrofocusing values (pi 5.8-6.2). after trypsin digestion and extraction of a major spot (pi 6.1), the p ... | 2001 | 11179959 |
| [a historical review and some comments on the nuclear transplantation in fish]. | in this review article, a brief history and main results of the studies on the nuclear transplantation (cloning) in fish was introduced. late professor t. c. tung (tong di-zhou), a noted chinese experimental embryologist and his research group at the institute of zoology, the chinese academy of sciences (cas) in beijing, china initiated and established successful technology of nuclear transplantation in fish in 1963. during the past 36 years, most of the studies on fish cloning were performed ma ... | 2000 | 11191753 |
| microcalorimetric study of the toxic effect of sodium selenite on the mitochondria metabolism of carassius auratus liver. | the fundamental thermogenesis curves of the metabolic process of liver mitochondria from carassius auratus and the toxic effect of na2seo3 on it were studied by using an lkb-2277 bioactivity monitor, ampoule method, at 28 degrees c. from the thermogenesis curves, the thermokinetic equations were established under different conditions. the kinetics show that a low concentration of na2seo3 (1-4 mg/l) had promoting action on the metabolism process of carassius aurantus liver mitochondria, but that ... | 2000 | 11204468 |
| slow inhibitory potentials in the teleost mauthner cell. | in vivo recordings from mauthner cells in adult zebrafish (danio rerio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) preparations with potassium chloride filled electrodes revealed a new class of long-lasting synaptic events in these cells. their decay time constant ranged from 20 to 80ms, which is about 20 times longer than that of previously identified fast glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in this neuron. the average time to peak of these slow events ranged from 1 to 6ms. we demonstrated tha ... | 2001 | 11246169 |
| atp-sensitive k+ channels in cardiac muscle from cold-acclimated goldfish: characterization and altered response to atp. | atp-sensitive potassium channels (k(atp)) play an important, if incompletely defined, role in myocardial function in mammals. with the discovery that k(atp) channels are also present at high densities in the hearts of vertebrate ectotherms, speculation arises as to their function during periods of cold-acclimation and depressed atp synthesis. we used single-channel and intracellular recording techniques to examine the possibility that channel activity would be altered in cardiac muscle from gold ... | 1998 | 11253812 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the cytochrome b gene of channel catfish ictalurus punctatus and comparison of sequence homology among channel catfish and other fishes. | to clarify the phylogenic relationship of channel catfish with other fishes, the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of the catfish was cloned and sequenced. channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) belonging to the family ictaluridae in the order siluriformes showed a 78.4-87.4% similarity to all but one fish of the family cyprinidae and river loach crossostoma lacustre of the family balitoridae in the order cypriniformes in which genes had already been sequenced, and a 97.2% similarity to the goldfish (car ... | 2001 | 11258463 |
| behavioral discrimination of water motions caused by moving objects. | we tested whether goldfish, carassius auratus, discriminate hydrodynamic stimuli caused by moving objects. blindfolded goldfish responded to a passing object with changes in inter-gill-movement intervals. to learn whether goldfish can discriminate water motions caused by different moving objects we habituated them to a certain object stimulus. if the stimulus was altered, e.g., by altering speed, direction of motion, or size or shape of the object, fish again showed a temporary suspension of bre ... | 2014 | 11288823 |
| activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in erythrocytes and plasma transaminases of goldfish (carassius auratus gibelio bloch.) exposed to cadmium. | four groups of goldfish were exposed to cadmium in a concentration of 20 mg cd/l water under aquarium conditions. the duration of exposure was 1, 4, 7 and 15 days. it was shown that the activity of superoxide dismutase (sod) in the red blood cells (rbc) significantly decreased after the first day of cadmium exposure. however, the sod activity increased after 7 and 15 days of cadmium treatment. elevated activity of catalase (cat) was found in erythrocytes of cadmium-treated fishes after 15 days, ... | 2001 | 11300221 |
| differential screening and characterization analysis of the egg envelope glycoprotein zp3 cdnas between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carp. | gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, is an intriguing model system. in the present work, a systemic study has been initiated by introducing suppression subtractive hybridization technique into this model system to identify the differentially expressed genes in oocytes between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and its closely related gonochoristic color crucian carp. five differential cdna fragments were identified from the preliminary screening, and two of them are zp3 homol ... | 2001 | 11305321 |
| forskolin modulation of desensitization at gaba(a) and glycine receptors is not mediated by camp-dependent protein kinase in isolated carp amacrine-like cells. | the effects of forskolin on gamma-aminobutyric acid type-a (gaba(a)) and glycine receptors in amacrine-like cells of carp (carassius auratus) retina were studied using patch-clamp techniques. application of 50 microm forskolin markedly accelerated the desensitization of whole-cell responses induced by 100 microm gaba or glycine without changing the peak amplitude of the response. both 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-br-camp) and 3-isobutyl-1 -methylxanthine (ibmx) (500 microm) fai ... | 2001 | 11316256 |
| comparison between lead accumulation of pomphorhynchus laevis (palaeacanthocephala) in the intestine of chub (leuciscus cephalus) and in the body cavity of goldfish (carassius auratus auratus). | this experimental study assessed the role of the microhabitat in the uptake of metals by adult acanthocephalans. we examined the accumulation of lead by adult pomphorhynchus laevis in the intestine of chub (leuciscus cephalus) and compared it with that in goldfish, carassius auratus auratus, in which the parasites penetrate the intestinal wall and enter the body cavity. chub and goldfish experimentally infected with adult pomphorhynchus laevis were exposed to 0.01 mg l(-1) pb(2+) over 3 weeks. l ... | 2001 | 11336747 |
| food intake inhibition by melatonin in goldfish (carassius auratus). | feeding regulation by monoamines, neuropeptides and certain hormones has been studied in fish, but a possible role of melatonin is unknown. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on food intake in goldfish. fishes were housed in 12l:12d and injected with different doses of either melatonin or 2-iodomelatonin. two routes of administration, intracerebroventricular and intraperitoneal injections, and two times of the daily photocycle, midday and midnight, were ... | 2001 | 11336993 |
| appetite-suppressing effects of urotensin i and corticotropin-releasing hormone in goldfish (carassius auratus). | fish urotensin i (ui), a member of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh) family of peptides, is a potent inhibitor of food intake in mammals, yet the role of ui in the control of food intake in fish is not known. therefore, to determine the acute effects of ui on appetite relative to those of crh, goldfish were given intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of carp/goldfish ui and rat/human crh (0.2-200 ng/g) and food intake was assessed for a 2-hour period after the injection. ui and crh ... | 2001 | 11340339 |
| ionochromic properties of long-wave-sensitive cones in the goldfish retina: an electrophysiological and microspectrophotometric study. | long-wave-sensitive (lws) cone visual pigments are sensitive to the concentration of chloride ions and show a spectral shift to shorter wavelengths when exposed to low chloride levels. we have used the aspartate-isolated mass receptor potential of the electroretinogram (erg) to establish whether the spectrally shifted cone pigment is functional. in the goldfish, carassius auratus, the lambda(max) of the lws porphyropsin is displaced from about 622 nm to around 606 nm when chloride is replaced by ... | 2001 | 11369039 |
| formation of viable but non-culturable state (vbnc) of aeromonas hydrophila and its virulence in goldfish, carassius auratus. | in this study we investigated the viable but non-culturable (vbnc) state of aeromonas hydrophila and its virulence in goldfish. aeromonas hydrophila cultured in a 0.35% nacl solution at ph 7.5 and at 25 degrees c for 50 days showed the vbnc state. in the vbnc state we were unable to detect viable bacteria by the plate count method but we did find 10(4) cells/ml by the direct viable count microscopical method after staining with fluorescein diacetate and ethidium bromide. the virulence comparison ... | 2001 | 11372646 |
| the maternal origins of the triploid ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi): phylogenetic relationships within the c. auratus taxa by partial mitochondrial d-loop sequencing. | the hyper-variable segments (323-327 bp) of the mitochondrial d-loop for 169 carassius auratus fishes in japan were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and the amplified products were sequenced directly and compared. a dendrogram showing three major clusters was generated with the sequence data for 37 haplotypes at 66 polymorphic sites. one cluster (cluster i) exclusively consisted of the gengorobuna, which was regarded as an independent (sub) species. the triploid ginbuna belonged to two ... | 2001 | 11376548 |
| regulation of gonadotropin beta subunit gene expression by testosterone and gonadotropin-releasing hormones in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | sex steroids differentially regulate gonadotropin (gth) beta subunits (fshbeta and lhbeta) gene expression in the pituitary of goldfish: a strong in vivo inhibitory effect on fshbeta mrna production, but a weak stimulatory effect on lhbeta in sexually immature and recrudescent fish. in the present study, to examine a direct effect of testosterone (t) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) on the mrna levels of fshbeta and lhbeta subunits in the pituitary, in vitro experiments were performed u ... | 2001 | 11399476 |
| effects of salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii on testicular apoptosis in goldfish (carassius auratus). | apoptosis is a form of cell death, characterized by morphological and biochemical changes. apoptosis occurs in the normal testis and in response to different agents. in this study, we investigated the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in testicular apoptosis in the goldfish. gnrh is a decapeptide that is expressed in different tissues, including gonads in mammalian and non-mammalian species. while gnrh is considered to be a paracrine mediator of ovarian follicular atresia, the role ... | 2001 | 11399483 |
| the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on growth hormone and gonadotropin subunit gene expression in the pituitary of goldfish, carassius auratus. | the goldfish brain contains at least two forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh): sgnrh and cgnrh-ii. in goldfish sgnrh and cgnrh-ii are present both in the brain and pituitary, and exert direct effects via specific gnrh receptors stimulating growth hormone (gh) and gonadotropin hormone (gth) synthesis and secretion. in this study, we investigated the effects of sgnrh and cgnrh-ii on gth subunit (alpha, fsh-beta and lh-beta) and gh mrna levels in the goldfish pituitary in vivo and in vitr ... | 2001 | 11399486 |
| molecular cloning of a teleost growth hormone receptor and its functional interaction with human growth hormone. | this paper reports the first full-length cdna sequence of a growth hormone receptor (ghr) from a teleost fish and its functional expression in cultured eukaryotic cells. the cdna sequence, from carassius auratus (goldfish), encodes a protein of 602 amino acids (aa) akin in architecture to the ghrs of other species. despite the presence of motifs characteristic of ghr, the overall homology between the goldfish ghr and other ghrs is very low ( approximately 40% aa identity). cho cells transfected ... | 2001 | 11404009 |
| differential gene expression in fully-grown oocytes between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carps. | silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is a unique triploid bisexual species that can reproduce by gynogenesis. as all other gynogenetic animals, it keeps its chromosome integrity by inhibiting the first meiosis division (no extrusion of the first pole body). to understand the molecular events governing this reproduction mode, suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify the genes differentially expressed in fully-grown oocytes of the gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian ... | 2001 | 11410372 |
| sex differences in the brain of goldfish: gonadotropin-releasing hormone and vasotocinergic neurons. | the differences between male and female behaviors are reflected in sexual dimorphism of brain structures and are found throughout the nervous system in a variety of vertebrates. the present study examined neurons immunolabeled for gonadotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasotocin in the brain of the goldfish carassius auratus to determine if these neurons are sexually dimorphic. there was no sex difference or influence of sex steroids on the neuronal volume and optical density of staining of ... | 2001 | 11457593 |
| behavioral and olfactory responses to prochloraz, bentazone, and nicosulfuron-contaminated flows in goldfish. | the immediate behavioral responses of goldfish (carassius auratus) to pesticide-contaminated flows were recorded in a countercurrent olfactometer. in addition, electro-olfactograms were recorded from the epithelial surface of the olfactory rosette as a preliminary check for the olfactory sensitivity of the fish to the pesticides tested. all tests were run on prochloraz (imidazole fungicide), bentazone (diazine herbicide), and nicosulfuron (sulfonylurea herbicide). behavioral effects were assesse ... | 2001 | 11462143 |
| different catalytic properties and inhibitor responses of the goldfish brain and ovary aromatase isozymes. | the brain and ovarian aromatase isozymes of goldfish (carassius auratus) are encoded by different cyp19 genes. this study measured aromatase activity in the goldfish brain tissues. for a direct comparison of the properties of the two aromatase isozymes, chinese hamster ovary cells were stably transfected with brain- and ovary-derived cdnas (respectively, p450 arom b and -a) and the properties of the expressed isozymes were compared. the kinetic parameters of the two isozymes were determined usin ... | 2001 | 11482939 |
| interactions between orexin a, npy and galanin in the control of food intake of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the neuropeptides orexin a (oxa), neuropeptide y (npy) and galanin (gal) have been shown to play a role in the regulation of food intake in mammals. they also significantly stimulate feeding in goldfish. in order to assess the interactions between these peptides in the control of feeding in goldfish, we investigated the effects of central injection of specific receptor antagonists for npy (bibp 3226) and gal (m40) on oxa-induced feeding and the effects of desensitization of orexin receptors on n ... | 2001 | 11495680 |
| genetic diversity among different clones of the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, revealed by transferrin and isozyme markers. | genetic diversity among four clones (a, d, e, f) of gynogenetic silver crucian carp was studied using transferrin and isozymes in the blood as markers. of the five proteins investigated, three (transferrin, esterase and superoxide dismutase) indicated polymorphism and eight polymorphic loci were detected. these loci were probably encoded by codominant alleles and their inheritance patterns were analyzed. intraclonal homogeneity and interclonal heterogeneity were observed in these clones, which a ... | 2001 | 11530857 |
| closed water recirculating system for fish rearing equipped with bioreactor capable of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. | five crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfiicarps had been reared in a closed water recirculating system. the system was equipped with the compact bioreactor using the plate gels capable of both nitrification and denitrification in a single unit. ammonia and nitrite concentrations in the rearing water had been maintained below 0.05 mg-n/l, and nitrate concentration also controlled between 2 and 8 mg-n/l with the bioreactor. as concerns nitrogen budget in the closed system, 95.0% of nitrogen ... | 1999 | 11542800 |
| spectral contrasts underlying auditory stream segregation in goldfish (carassius auratus). | this study investigates the effects of spectral separation of sounds on the ability of goldfish to acquire independent information about two simultaneous complex sources. goldfish were conditioned to a complex sound made up of two sets of repeated acoustic pulses: a high-frequency pulse with a spectral envelope centered at 625 hz, and a low-frequency pulse type centered at 240, 305, 390, or 500 hz. the pulses were presented with each pulse type alternating with an overall pulse repetition rate o ... | 2000 | 11545140 |
| induction of gynogenesis and androgenesis in goldfish carassius auratus (var. oranda). | chromosome engineering was used to develop lines that expressed the stable phenotypic characteristics of goldfish, carassius auratus (var. oranda). to obtain androgenetic individuals, carp eggs were irradiated and fertilized with sperm from goldfish bearing telescopic eyes. the fertilized eggs were divided into four groups and three of them were subjected to heat-shock treatment at 42 degrees c for 2.0 min at 34, 37 and 40 min after fertilization. all groups exhibited low viability of embryos an ... | 2001 | 11555368 |
| analysis of the effects of cpa and l-histidine on goldfish tested on a conditioned place preference model. | the aim of this study was to investigate whether the histamine h(1)- receptor blocker chlorpheniramine (cpa) and the histaminergic precursor l-histidine have reinforcing effects in goldfish (carassius auratus). we used a place-preference procedure in a four-compartment aquarium in which, on the first day, the animals were placed for 30 min for habituation. on the second day, the time spent in each chamber was recorded for 10 min in order to determine which was preferred. after 24 h a non-transpa ... | 2001 | 11640969 |
| identification of visual pallial telencephalon in the goldfish, carassius auratus: a combined cytochrome oxidase and electrophysiological study. | a strategy based upon a comparative decrease in bilateral symmetry of cytochrome oxidase (cox) histochemistry following unilateral eye enucleation was used to identify the primary visual area in the area dorsalis of the telencephalon of the goldfish, carassius auratus. the lateral zone of area dorsalis (dl) at about the level of the anterior commissure exhibits such a bilateral difference. a parallel decline in the symmetry cox reactivity was observed in the associated part of the central zone ( ... | 2001 | 11689165 |
| screening of antifeedant activity in brain extracts led to the identification of sulfakinin as a satiety promoter in the german cockroach. are arthropod sulfakinins homologous to vertebrate gastrins-cholecystokinins? | the feeding cycle of the adult female cockroach blattella germanica parallels vitellogenesis. the study of the mechanisms that regulate this cycle led us to look for food-intake inhibitors in brain extracts. the antifeedant activity of brain extracts was tested in vivo by injecting the extract and measuring the carotenoids contained in the gut from carrot ingested after the treatment. by hplc fractionation and tracking the biological activity with the carrot test, we isolated the sulfakinin eqfd ... | 2001 | 11722569 |
| promoter characteristics of two cyp19 genes differentially expressed in the brain and ovary of teleost fish. | teleost fish are characterized by exceptionally high levels of neural estrogen biosynthesis when compared with the brains of other vertebrates or to the ovaries of the same fish. two p450arom mrnas which derive from separate gene loci (cyp19a and cyp19b) are differentially expressed in brain (b>>a) and ovary (a>>b) and have a different developmental program (b>>a) and estrogen upregulation (b only). a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based genomic walking strategy was used to isolate the 5'-flank ... | 2001 | 11738553 |
| milt production in goldfish: regulation by multiple social stimuli. | previous studies in goldfish (carassius auratus) demonstrate that milt (sperm and seminal fluid) volume is increased both by a preovulatory steroidal pheromone, 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta-p), that acts by increasing serum concentrations of gonadotropin ii (gth-ii), and by a post-ovulatory prostaglandin (pg) pheromone, that acts by stimulating sexual interactions. here, we show that male goldfish also increase milt volume when isolated for 24 h, or when placed with ano ... | 2001 | 11738634 |
| production of a polyclonal antibody against recombinant goldfish prolactin and demonstration of its usefulness in a non-competitive antigen-capture elisa. | the cdna encoding the goldfish (carassius auratus) prolactin was expressed in escherichia coli using the prseta expression vector. the recombinant goldfish prolactin (gfprl) produced was a fusion protein containing a hexahistidyl sequence, which facilitated its purification on a ni(2+) column. the fusion protein was overexpressed in the bacteria as inclusion bodies and was successfully purified under denaturing conditions by one-step affinity chromatography. repeated immunization of rabbits agai ... | 2002 | 11742756 |
| [uptake of particulate lead via gills of goldfish]. | this paper studied the uptake of pb absorbed on suspended gibbsite via gills of goldfish (carassius auratus). under conditions of the concentration of the particulate pb varied while that of free pb maintained at a constant level, the levels of both pb and al in the gills increased with increasing exposed pb concentration. the increasing rate (slope 0.171) of pb level in the blood with the pb level in the gills was lower than that (slope 0.343) of soluble pb exposure experiment. partial pb adher ... | 2000 | 11767615 |
| biochemical and behavioral effects of carbofuran in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the effects of concentration (5, 50, and 500 microg/l) and duration (24, 48 h) of exposure to carbofuran, a carbamate insecticide, were assessed on brain catecholamine (norepinephrine [ne] and dopamine), plasma glucose, and hepatic glycogen contents and behavioral activities of goldfish (carassius auratus). after 24 h of exposure to 50 and 500 microg/l, the level of ne was increased in the olfactory bulbs. the same effect was observed after a 48-h exposure to 500 and 50 microg/l in the telenceph ... | 2002 | 11804052 |
| regulation of intracellular ph in anoxia-tolerant and anoxia-intolerant teleost hepatocytes. | mechanisms of intracellular ph (phi) regulation were investigated in anoxia-tolerant hepatocytes from goldfish carassius auratus, and compared to the situation in the anoxia-intolerant hepatocytes from trout oncorhynchus mykiss. under normoxic conditions, the phi of goldfish hepatocytes was regulated by a na(+)/h(+) exchanger and a na(+)-independent cl(-)/hco(3)(-) exchanger, the latter being activated only after acidification of the cells. mechanisms of acid secretion appear to be fuelled, at l ... | 2001 | 11807112 |
| caryophyllidean tapeworms (platyhelminthes: eucestoda) from freshwater fishes in japan. | the following caryophyllidean tapeworms were found in freshwater fishes from japan (species reported from japan for the first time marked with an asterisk): family caryophyllaeidae: paracaryophyllaeus gotoi (motomura, 1927) from misgurnus anguillicaudatus (cantor); archigetes sieboldi leuckart, 1878 from pseudorasbora parva (temminck et schlegel) and sarcocheilichthys variegatus microoculus mori (new hosts); family lytocestidae: *caryophyllaeides ergensi scholz, 1990 from tribolodon hakuensis (g ... | 2001 | 11817451 |
| metabolic activity in optic tectum during regeneration of retina in adult goldfish. | retinal and visual function returns following retinal destruction by ouabain in adult goldfish (carassius auratus). although the precise cellular mechanisms are unclear, the ability to regenerate cns neurons and connections that subsequently sustain visual behavior is remarkable, especially for an adult vertebrate. in this paper, we ask whether visual stimulation via new retinal cells can activate existing cells in the optic tectum, which normally receives the largest retinal projection in this ... | 2013 | 11829305 |
| cell proliferation during blastema formation in the regenerating teleost fin. | epimorphic regeneration in teleost fins occurs through the establishment of a balanced growth state in which a blastema gives rise to all the mesenchymal cells, whereas definite areas of the epidermis proliferate leading to its extension, thus, allowing the enlargement of the whole structure. this type of regeneration involves specific mechanisms that temporally and spatially regulate cell proliferation. to understand how the blastema is formed and how this growth situation is set up, we investi ... | 2002 | 11836790 |
| a direct projection from the cerebellum to the telencephalon in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | recent studies showed that the cerebellum is involved in cognitive functions previously thought to be located in the telencephalon only. various indirect connections between telencephalon and cerebellum are long known and may be the basis for the interaction of these two brain areas. by means of biotinylated dextran amine injections into the telencephalon and cerebellum in the goldfish, carassius auratus, we found a direct projection from the valvula cerebelli to the telencephalon. together with ... | 2002 | 11849758 |
| differential tissue distribution, developmental programming, estrogen regulation and promoter characteristics of cyp19 genes in teleost fish. | teleost fish are characterized by exceptionally high levels of brain estrogen biosynthesis when compared to the brains of other vertebrates or to the ovaries of the same fish. goldfish (carassius auratus) and zebrafish (danio rerio) have utility as complementary models for understanding the molecular basis and functional significance of exaggerated neural estrogen biosynthesis. multiple cytochrome p450 aromatase (p450arom) cdnas that derive from separate gene loci (cyp19a and cyp19b) are differe ... | 2001 | 11850237 |
| effects of chemical anoxia on adrenergic responses of goldfish hepatocytes and the contribution of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. | adrenergic responses during normoxia and chemical anoxia were investigated in anoxia-tolerant hepatocytes from the goldfish, carassius auratus. epinephrine-stimulated glucose release was unaltered after 1 hr of chemical anoxia, the concentration of epinephrine required for half maximal stimulation of glucose release (k0.5(glu)) ranging from 0.62 x 10(-8) to 2.05 x 10(-8) m. similarly, the maximum rate of glucose release caused by hormonal stimulation was not affected by chemical anoxia. in anoxi ... | 2002 | 11857481 |
| modulation of goldfish testicular testosterone production in vitro by tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, and macrophage conditioned media. | the relevance of immune-endocrine interactions to the regulation of testicular steroidogenesis in teleosts is virtually unexplored. the objectives of the present study were: 1) to investigate the effects of murine cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfalpha) and interleukin-1beta (il-1beta), and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) macrophage conditioned media (mcm) on testosterone (t) production by goldfish (carassius auratus) testis pieces in vitro; and 2) to identify the site(s) of the inhibitory ... | 2002 | 11857482 |
| the effect of water temperature on the gabaergic and reproductive systems in female and male goldfish (carassius auratus). | this study investigated the effect of water temperature on the synthesis of the amino acid neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba). in goldfish, gaba stimulates the release of pituitary gonadotropin-ii (gth-ii), which regulates gonadal function. fish were maintained in water of 11, 18, or 24 degrees. in the female and male goldfish, gaba synthesis rates estimated following inhibition of gaba catabolism by gamma-vinyl gaba (gvg) in both the telencephalon (tel) and the hypothalamus (hyp) w ... | 2002 | 11884062 |
| molecular cloning of cdna encoding polypeptide chain elongation factor 1alpha from goldfish (carassius auratus). | the goldfish homologue of polypeptide chain elongation factor-1alpha (ef-1alpha) isolated from the ovary of the goldfish is described. the deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to ef-1alpha from other species. analysis of its tissue distribution revealed a single 1.7 kilobase message ubiquitous among various tissues. | 2001 | 11913790 |
| effects of dopaminergic drugs and telencephalic ablation on eye movements in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the effect of the dopamine agonist apomorphine and the antagonist haloperidol on eye movements was tested in normal and telencephalon ablated goldfish. reflex eye movements evoked by a rotating striped cylinder were not affected, which suggests that basic sensory and motor functions were not influenced by neither dopaminergic drugs nor the telencephalon. however, profound changes were observed in spontaneous eye movements. particularly, the effect of apomorphine was similar to changes in eye mov ... | 2003 | 11922996 |
| responses of diencephalic neurons to sensory stimulation in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | we studied the responses to sensory stimulation in two diencephalic areas, the central posterior nucleus of the dorsal thalamus (cp) and the anterior tuberal nucleus of the hypothalamus (ta). in both the cp and the ta, units sensitive to acoustic (500-hz sound), hydrodynamic (25-hz dipole stimulus), and visual (640-nm light flash) stimuli were found. in the cp, most units were unimodal and responded exclusively to visual stimulation. in contrast, in the ta, most units responded to more than one ... | 2006 | 11923001 |
| identification of two distinct e-ntpdases in liver of goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | we have recently reported the existence of atpase activity capable of hydrolyzing extracellular atp and localized at the external cell membrane of goldfish hepatocytes [am. j. physiol. (1998) 274 r1031]. in the present study, we investigated whether one or more enzymes of the atp diphosphohydrolase family (called e-ntpdases) are responsible for the hydrolysis of extracellular atp and other nucleotides. using soluble extracts from goldfish liver, enzyme activity was detected in the presence of at ... | 2002 | 11923085 |
| new nephron development in goldfish (carassius auratus) kidneys following repeated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis. | renal development in mammalian kidneys can only be studied in embryonic animals. hence, research in this area is hampered by the need to maintain pregnant animals and by the small size of the embryonic kidney. here, we describe a goldfish (carassius auratus) model for studying renal repair and nephron development in an adult animal. previous studies have indicated that chemically induced nephrotoxicosis in goldfish is followed by new nephron development. we tested the hypothesis that new nephron ... | 2001 | 11926303 |
| somatic lamins in germinal vesicles of goldfish (carassius auratus) vitellogenic oocytes. | in fish and amphibians, b-type lamins are divided into somatic (b1, b2) and oocyte-type (b3) lamins. in this study, we purified nuclear lamins from rainbow trout erythrocytes, raised an anti-lamin monoclonal antibody (l-200) that recognizes goldfish somatic-lamins, and isolated cdnas encoding goldfish b-type lamins (b1 and b2) from a goldfish cell culture cdna library. goldfish b-type lamins are structurally similar to lamins found in other vertebrates with minor amino acid substitutions in the ... | 2001 | 11942628 |
| [effect of lighting oscillations on growth and energetics of the goldfish carassius auratus]. | periodic oscillations of illumination exert a positive, rather than negative, effect on goldfish growth and energetics. in a variable light regime, the fishes grow of a higher rate, have decreased oxygen and food requirements, improve the utilization of consumed food for growth, and decrease the oxygen expenditure per increment of unit body mass. the goldfish reactions to the frequency of illumination oscillation and the succession of the stationary light regime by the oscillatory regime were de ... | 2016 | 11963548 |
| brainstem lateral line responses to sinusoidal wave stimuli in still and running water. | the fish lateral line consists of superficial and canal neuromasts. in still water, afferent fibers from both types of neuromast respond equally well to a sinusoidally vibrating sphere. in running water, responses to a vibrating sphere of fibers innervating superficial neuromasts are masked. in contrast, responses of fibers innervating canal neuromasts are barely altered. it is not known whether this functional subdivision of the peripheral lateral line is maintained in the brain. we studied the ... | 2002 | 11976358 |
| neural representations of the axis of acoustic particle motion in nucleus centralis of the torus semicircularis of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | experiments examined differential coding of acoustic particle motion axis in the auditory midbrain of goldfish. animals were exposed to vibratory stimuli varying in axis orientation as action potentials were recorded from single units in the central neuropil of nucleus centralis in the torus semicircularis. response magnitudes as a function of stimulation axis were visualized in three dimensional plots called directional response profiles. these are generally comparable to directional responses ... | 2002 | 12012101 |
| [comparative studies on gene expression of isozymes in 4 types of various ploidy crucian carp during embryogenesis]. | isozyme zymograms of esterase (est), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), malate dehydrogenase (mdh) and superoxide dismutase (sod) were analysed by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis at different developmental stages of embryogenesis in 4 types of various ploidy crucian carp embryos, including haploids, diploids, natural triploids, and multiple tetraploids, and 2 types of haploid and diploid common carp embryos. haploid embryos of crucian carp (carassius auratus) and common carp (cyprinus carp ... | 1998 | 12016959 |
| nitric oxide donor stimulated increase of cyclic gmp in the goldfish retina. | nitric oxide (no) activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (sgc) and the resulting increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cgmp) is an important intracellular signalling pathway in the vertebrate retina. immunocytochemical detection of cgmp following exposure to no donors has proven an effective method of identifying cells that express sgc. while such an approach has proven useful for the study of several vertebrate retinas, it has not been applied to the well-characterized teleost retina. therefo ... | 2013 | 12020075 |
| [studies of f1 of transgenic allotetraploid hybrids of carassius auratus red var. (female) x cyprinus carpio (male)]. | the tetraploid fish has been developed by assortative breeding the hybrids of carassius auratus red var. (female) x cyprinus carpio (male), which has the stable genetic characters and can reproduce themselves. an "all-fish" recombinant dna construct (pcagcghc) containing common carp beta-actin gene promoter and cdna for grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella) growth hormone gene was introduced into fertilized eggs of the allotetroploid fish through microinjection as soon as artificial insemination ... | 2002 | 12043572 |
| differences between the european carp (cyprinus carpio carpio) and the coloured carp (cyprinus carpio haematopterus) in susceptibility to thelohanellus nikolskii (myxosporea) infection. | thelohanellus nikolskii infection of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) has been a common parasitosis in the central european fish farms since the first detection of the parasite about 20 years ago. this parasite, introduced from the far east, causes intensive infection on the fins of fingerlings of the carp subspecies cultured in europe (european carp, cyprinus carpio carpio). this infection of the common carp occurs in the hungarian fish farms every year. until the present study, this parasi ... | 2002 | 12061236 |
| 3d structure of fish muscle myosin filaments. | myosin filaments isolated from goldfish (carassius auratus) muscle under relaxing conditions and viewed in negative stain by electron microscopy have been subjected to 3d helical reconstruction to provide details of the myosin head arrangement in relaxed muscle. previous x-ray diffraction studies of fish muscle (plaice) myosin filaments have suggested that the heads project a long way from the filament surface rather than lying down flat and that heads in a single myosin molecule tend to interac ... | 2009 | 12064942 |
| toxicity of chloroanilines and effects on superoxide dismutase activities in serum of crucian carp (carassius auratus). | 2002 | 12068927 | |
| high transmittance of x-rays in the utricular otolith of upside-down swimming catfish, synodontis nigriventris. | the upside-down swimming catfish (synodontis nigriventris) has unique behavior, i.e., it frequently shows a stable upside-down posture during swimming and resting. to examine whether the unique postural control in s. nigriventris results from the characteristics of the vestibular organ, we observed the morphological aspects of the otolith and the orientation of sensory hair cells in the utricle. soft x-ray densitometry analysis showed that the transmittance of soft x-rays in the otolith of s. ni ... | 2002 | 12101349 |