| comparative metagenomic profiling of viromes associated with four common mosquito species in china. | vast viruses are thought to be associated with mosquitoes. anopheles sinensis, armigeres subalbatus, culex quinquefasciatus, and culex tritaeniorhynchus are very common mosquito species in china, and whether the virome structure in each species is species-specific has not been evaluated. in this study, a total of 2222 mosquitoes were collected from the same geographic location, and rnas were sequenced using the illumina miseq platform. after querying to the refseq database, a total of 3,435,781, ... | 2018 | 29500689 |
| potential risks associated with japanese encephalitis prevalence in shandong province, china. | japanese encephalitis (je), which is caused by the japanese encephalitis virus (jev), is a zoonotic, vector-borne neurotropic disease that remains a major cause of viral encephalitis in asia. jev is spread to humans through mosquitoes, and its primary transmission vector is culex tritaeniorhynchus. mosquitoes were sampled from three collection sites: hanzhuang town in weishan county, taibai lake in jining city, and dongping lake in shandong province, china. pyrethroid insecticide resistance bioa ... | 2019 | 31084528 |
| [seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes and application of two surveillance tools in taibai lake area of jining city]. | to investigate the seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes in taibai lake area of jining city, and evaluate the application effects of two mosquito trapping tools (gongfu xiaoshuai mosquito lamp and wj-c mosquito sampler), so as to provide references for the effective surveillance, prevention and control of local mosquito vectors. | 2018 | 30019564 |
| evaluation of the performance of different traps for sampling usutu and west nile viruses and mosquito (diptera: culicidae) vectors in senegal. | an efficient trapping tool is one of the most important factors in surveillance and research on arboviruses and their vectors. in the current study, we tested the efficiency of several traps for sampling west nile (wnv) and usutu (usuv) viruses and their vectors in senegal during 2013. a total of 15,527 mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae), 94.3% females, were collected. among the known arbovirus vectors, mansonia uniformis (theobald) (diptera: culicidae) was the most abundant (46.5%), followed by cu ... | 2019 | 30124969 |
| genetic population diversity of aedes caspius in southern provinces of iran. | aedes caspius has a wide distribution throughout the world and can transmit chikungunya virus, west nile virus (wnv), tahyna virus and the bacterium francisella tularensis. sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase subunit 1 (coi) and cytochrome c-oxidase subunit 2 (coii) genes have been widely used to estimate phylogenetic relationships at different taxonomic levels among this species. adult collections were carried out by human bait, center for deseases control light traps (cdc-lt) a ... | 2018 | 30763508 |
| enhanced mosquitocidal efficacy of colloidal dispersion of pyrethroid nanometric emulsion with benignity towards non-target species. | the rising threat of vector-borne diseases and environmental pollution has instigated the investigation of nanotechnology-based applications. the current study deals with a nanotechnological application involving the usage of nanometric pesticides such as permethrin nanoemulsion. the mean droplet diameter and zeta potential of the prepared permethrin nanoemulsion were found to be 12.4 ± 1.13 nm and -20.4 ± 0.56 mv, respectively. the temporal stability of permethrin nanoemulsion was found to be 4 ... | 2019 | 30939406 |
| vector competence of certain culex and aedes mosquitoes for the chittoor virus, the indian variant of the batai virus. | chittoor virus (chitv), a mosquito-borne bunyavirus (orthobunyavirus: bunyaviridae) isolated in india, has been found to be antigenically close to the batai virus (batv), which has a wide distribution across asia, europe, and africa. the latter virus causes influenza-like illness in humans and mild illness in sheep and goats. batv has been involved in genetic reassortment with other bunyaviruses, generating novel genome combinations and causing severe clinical manifestations including hemorrhagi ... | 2018 | 29718685 |
| identification and genetic analysis of a totivirus isolated from the culex tritaeniorhynchus in northern china. | totiviridae, a viral family of double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses, contain a single dsrna genome 4.6-7.0 kb in length. totiviridae were initially only known to infect fungi and other eukaryotes as well as plants, but an increase in totiviruses has been detected in insects, mosquitoes, and bats. here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a strain belonging to the family totiviridae isolated from culex tritaeniorhynchus in kenli, china, in 2016. we isolated a totivirus from field-col ... | 2019 | 31844947 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia felis and rickettsia bellii in mosquitoes. | to add to the limited information on rickettsia in mosquitoes in china, we carried out a pcr survey on convenience samples of 3051 mosquitoes collected with hand nets in and around domestic dwellings in 25 provinces. five species of mosquitoes were identified: culex pipiens pallens (n = 1620), aedes albopictus (806), armigeres subalbatus (377), anopheles sinensis (168), and culex tritaeniorhynchus (80). a rickettsia nested-pcr targeting the variable domain of glta showed rickettsia felis in four ... | 2019 | 31306085 |
| isolation and genome phylogenetic analysis of arthropod-borne viruses, including akabane virus, from mosquitoes collected in hunan province, china. | this study investigated the abundance of mosquitoes and circulation of mosquito-borne arboviruses from 16 villages in 8 cities of hunan province, china, in july-august of 2010 and in august of 2011. in total, 16,076 mosquitoes consisting of seven species from four genera were collected by ultraviolet-light trap. culex quinquefasciatus was the most common species, accounting for 50.63% (8140/16,076) of the total. anopheles sinensis (24.26%, 3900/16,076) made up the second most common species, fol ... | 2019 | 30526411 |
| co-circulation of aedes flavivirus, culex flavivirus, and quang binh virus in shanghai, china. | with increases in global travel and trade, the spread of arboviruses is undoubtedly alarming. pathogen detection in field-caught mosquitoes can provide the earliest possible warning of transmission. insect-specific flavivirus (isfv) has been first detected in 1991 and documented worldwide in the latest ten years. although infection with isfvs is apparently limited to insects, an increase in the infection rate of mosquito-borne flaviviruses may be able to induce cytopathic effects in vertebrate c ... | 2018 | 30021614 |
| prevention and control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne infectious diseases. | the imported dengue cases has increased recently, and 162 autochthonous dengue cases were reported in 2014 in japan. since late 2014, the zika virus has spread widely throughout the americas. the surveillance for the invasion of these mosquito-borne infectious diseases is indispensable. japanese encephalitis is found throughout asia and there is still a risk of human infection in japan. over 3,500 species of mosquitoes have been documented through- out the world, and over 100 in japan. among the ... | 2016 | 30550667 |
| distribution of japanese encephalitis virus, japan and southeast asia, 2016-2018. | during 2016-2018, we conducted surveillance for japanese encephalitis virus (jev) in mosquitoes and pigs in japan, thailand, the philippines, and indonesia. phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that our isolates (genotypes ia, ib, iii, iv) were related to jev isolates obtained from the same regions many years ago. indigenous jev strains persist in asia. | 2020 | 31855535 |
| effect of biosynthesis of zno nanoparticles via cucurbita seed extract on culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquito larvae with its biological applications. | the biosynthesis of zno nanoparticles was synthesized by biogenic reduction of applied cucurbita seed extract. the powder x-ray diffraction pattern displayed the high crystalline nature of synthesized zno nanoparticles and the crystallite size was calculated at 35 nm range. the fourier transform infra-red study revealed the functional groups of biogenic reduction and vibrational bands present in the synthesized nanoparticles. the uv-visible analysis explained the spr absorption peak at 371 nm. t ... | 2019 | 31698288 |
| first isolation and characterization of getah virus from cattle in northeastern china. | getah virus (getv) is a neglected mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes pyrexia, body rash, and leg oedema in horses and foetal death and reproductive disorders in pigs. infected animals may play a critical role in the amplification and circulation of the virus. the present study aimed to investigate getv infection in clinically infected cattle and vector mosquito species in northeastern china. | 2019 | 31488162 |
| ns2b/ns3 mutations enhance the infectivity of genotype i japanese encephalitis virus in amplifying hosts. | genotype i (gi) virus has replaced genotype iii (giii) virus as the dominant japanese encephalitis virus (jev) in the epidemic area of asia. the mechanism underlying the genotype replacement remains unclear. therefore, we focused our current study on investigating the roles of mosquito vector and amplifying host(s) in jev genotype replacement by comparing the replication ability of gi and giii viruses. gi and giii viruses had similar infection rates and replicated to similar viral titers after b ... | 2019 | 31381617 |
| vector mosquito ecology and japanese encephalitis virus genotype iii strain detection from culex tritaeniorhynchus and pig in huaihua, china. | the japanese encephalitis virus (jev), a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen, is the major cause of viral encephalitis worldwide. an investigation of mosquito species diversity, jev infection rate, and seasonal population fluctuations of culex tritaeniorhynchus in huaihua county, hunan province, china, revealed the distribution of vector mosquito populations and genotypes and molecular characteristics of current, common jev strains in this region. research on mosquito species diversity in different ... | 2019 | 31184992 |
| evaluation of environment safety of a japanese encephalitis live attenuated vaccine. | je vaccination is the most effective and economical method of preventing je. a live attenuated je vaccine has been widely used in many countries since 1989, playing an important role in controlling je outbreaks. however, whether the large-scale use of the live attenuated je vaccine will lead to the dissemination of the vaccine virus in the environment and whether reversion of the neuroattenuation of the virus will occur during the transmission process remain major concerns for some researchers. ... | 2019 | 31178277 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel negevirus isolated from culex tritaeniorhynchus in china. | a novel negevirus, tentatively named manglie virus (mav), was isolated from culex tritaeniorhynchus from the village of manglie, yunnan, china, in august 2011. it was identified by high-throughput sequencing of cell culture supernatants, and the complete genome was sequenced using an illumina miseq sequencer. the complete mav genome comprised 9,218 nt encoding three hypothetical proteins and had a poly(a) tail. blastn analysis showed that the genome had the greatest similarity to ngewotan virus ... | 2019 | 30656464 |
| new strains of japanese encephalitis virus circulating in shanghai, china after a ten-year hiatus in local mosquito surveillance. | continuous vector pathogen surveillance is essential for preventing outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases. several mosquito species acting as vectors of japanese encephalitis virus (jev), dengue virus, zika virus, malaria parasites and other pathogens are primary mosquito species in shanghai, china. however, few surveys of human pathogenic arboviruses in mosquitoes in shanghai have been reported in the last ten years. therefore, in this study, we evaluated mosquito activity in shanghai, china dur ... | 2019 | 30626442 |
| prevalence of disease vectors in lakshadweep islands during post-monsoon season. | : increase of vector-borne diseases (vbds) in india has posed a question on the situation in lakshadweep islands, where vbds are reported from time-to-time. the present investigation was aimed to assess the faunastic situation of the prevailing vectors along with their breeding sites in different islands of the lakshadweep. | 2019 | 30618444 |
| insecticide resistance status of three vectors of japanese encephalitis in east central india. | japanese encephalitis (je) has been reported in different districts of odisha state (east central india) since 1992. during 2016, a major outbreak of je and acute encephalitis syndrome (aes) occurred in the malkangiri district of odisha, causing 103 deaths in children, of which 37 were caused by je and 66 by aes. information on insecticide resistance in je vectors is important for the selection of appropriate insecticides for use in vector control. the present study was designed to determine the ... | 2019 | 30565276 |
| diverse novel resident wolbachia strains in culicine mosquitoes from madagascar. | wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria are widespread throughout insect species and wolbachia transinfected in aedes mosquito species has formed the basis for biocontrol programs as wolbachia strains inhibit arboviral replication and can spread through populations. resident strains in wild culicine mosquito populations (the vectors of most arboviruses) requires further investigation given resident strains can also affect arboviral transmission. as madagascar has a large diversity of both culicine spec ... | 2018 | 30498246 |
| crustin-capped selenium nanowires against microbial pathogens and japanese encephalitis mosquito vectors - insights on their toxicity and internalization. | herein, we reported a method to synthesize selenium nanowires (cr-senws) relying to purified cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide crustin in presence of ascorbic acid. cr-senws were characterized by uv-vis, xrd, ftir and raman spectroscopy, as well as sem, hr-tem and edax. the uv-vis spectroscopy peak was noted at 350 nm. xrd showed the crystalline nature of cr-senws through diffraction peaks observed 2θ at 12° and 28° corresponding to (020), and (241) lattice planes, respectively. hr-tem results ... | 2019 | 30466931 |
| [mosquitoes, midges and related arboviruses in southeast sichuan province]. | objective: to investigate the distribution patterns of mosquitoes, midges and related arboviruses in sichuan province. methods: blood-sucking insects were collected from houses and pens, using the ultraviolet lights. mosquito samples were classified according to morphologic characteristics and then stored at liquid nitrogen. all samples were incubated with bhk-21 and c6/36 cells for virus isolation and then detected for their viral genes. sequences of the virus were identified and analyzed by mo ... | 2018 | 30453441 |
| ictv virus taxonomy profile: nodaviridae. | the family nodaviridae includes two genera, alphanodavirus and betanodavirus. the family name derives from the japanese village of nodamura where nodamura virus was first isolated from culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. virions are non-enveloped and spherical in shape with icosahedral symmetry (t=3) and diameters ranging from 25 to 33 nm. the genome consists of two molecules of single-stranded positive-sense rna: rna1 and rna2. the virion capsid consists of 180 protein subunits arranged on a t= ... | 2019 | 30431412 |
| a comparative study of mosquito and sand fly (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) sampling using dry ice and chemically generated carbon dioxide from three different prototype co2 generators. | a comparative study was conducted to test the efficiency of centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) light traps baited with either dry ice or carbon dioxide (co2) produced from one of three different sources in collecting mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in thailand. treatments consisted of dry ice pellets, co2 gas produced from one of three prototype co2 generator systems (tda, cube, moustiq-air med-e-cell - mec), and a cdc light trap without a co2 source. the best performing prototype ... | 2019 | 30321387 |
| spatial distribution of culex tritaeniorhynchus giles, 1901 (diptera: culicidae) in relation to pigsties and other geo-environmental features in dao county, hunan province, china. | in this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of culex tritaeniorhynchus giles, 1901 (diptera: culicidae) (the vector of japanese b encephalitis) and geo-environmental features (rice fields, forests, watercourses, and highways) correlated with their abundance in pigsties of dao county, hunan province, china. first, light trapping in pigsties was carried out to determine vector density. second, based on advanced land observing satellite remote-sensing datasets, spatial datasets of mosqu ... | 2019 | 30169709 |
| influence of host and environmental factors on the distribution of the japanese encephalitis vector culex tritaeniorhynchus in china. | culex tritaeniorhynchus is an important vector that transmits a variety of human and animal diseases. japanese encephalitis (je), an endemic disease in the asia-pacific region, is primarily transmitted by cx. tritaeniorhynchus. insufficient monitoring of vector mosquitoes has led to a poor understanding of the distribution of cx. tritaeniorhynchus in china. to delineate the habitat of cx. tritaeniorhynchus and any host and environmental factors that affect its distribution, we used a maximum ent ... | 2018 | 30150565 |
| mapping the potential distributions of etiological agent, vectors, and reservoirs of japanese encephalitis in asia and australia. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is a substantial cause of viral encephalitis, morbidity, and mortality in south-east asia and the western pacific. world health organization recognized japanese encephalitis (je) as a public health priority in demands to initiate active vaccination programs. recently, the geographic distribution of jev has apparently expanded into other areas in the pacific islands and northern australia; however, major gaps exist in knowledge in regard to its current distributi ... | 2018 | 30118701 |
| japanese encephalitis in indonesia: an update on epidemiology and transmission ecology. | the japanese encephalitis (je) virus circulation in indonesia was first documented in lombok in 1960, and the virus was first isolated in 1972 from culex tritaeniorhynchus in bekasi, west java and kapuk, west jakarta. since then, indonesia has been recognized as an endemic country for je transmission. up to now, je cases have been found in at least 29 provinces, with bali, west kalimantan, east nusa tenggara, west java and east java, being the areas of highest incidence. however, routine surveil ... | 2018 | 30118700 |
| plvap and gkn3 are two critical host cell receptors which facilitate japanese encephalitis virus entry into neurons. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev), a globally important pathogen, belongs to the family flaviviridae, is transmitted between vertebrate hosts by mosquitoes, principally by culex tritaeniorhynchus. the e-glycoprotein of the virus mediates its attachment to the host cell receptors. in this study, we cloned and purified jev e-glycoprotein in pet28a vector using e. coli bl21 (de3) cells. a pull down assay was performed using plasma membrane fraction of balb/c mouse brain and e-glycoprotein as a bait ... | 2018 | 30082709 |
| a new tanay virus isolated from mosquitoes in guangxi, china. | in 2013, seven virus strains were isolated from culex tritaeniorhynchus and c. quinquefasciatus collected in guangxi province, china. the viruses caused cytopathological effects (cpe) only in c6/36 cells, and not in mammalian cells, e.g. bhk21 and vero cells. comparative genomic analysis revealed that the genomes of the seven virus strains ranged from 9589 to 9595 nt with g+c contents of 37.51-37.59%, and nucleotide sequence similarity > 99.8%. the nucleotide sequence homology of the seven virus ... | 2018 | 30066274 |
| validating the association of japanese encephalitis vector abundance with paddy growth, using modis data. | japanese encephalitis (je) is one of the leading causes of viral encephalitis in southeast asia, particularly india. the major vector transmitting the disease, culex tritaeniorhynchus, breeds in paddy field and its associated water bodies. the incidence of human infection usually occurs after the peak in vector abundance. earlier, an association between je vector abundance and paddy growth was demonstrated in bellary district of karnataka state, india, using radar satellite (risat 1) data. in th ... | 2018 | 30016208 |
| discovery of two novel totiviruses from culex tritaeniorhynchus classifiable in a distinct clade with arthropod-infecting viruses within the family totiviridae. | two double-stranded rna viruses, named culex tritaeniorhynchus totivirus nj2 (ctv_nj2) and nj3 (ctv_nj3), were discovered from wild-captured culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. the complete genomes (7,624 and 7,612 bp in length) were obtained using rna sequencing. both ctv_nj2 and ctv_nj3 encode a putative capsid protein and an rna-dependent rna polymerase. the most similar strain to ctv_nj2/3 is omono river virus strain ak4 (orv-ak4). the cp and rdrp identities of ak4 are different to ctv_nj2 ( ... | 2018 | 29872952 |
| japanese encephalitis: the vectors, ecology and potential for expansion. | japanese encephalitis (je) is a viral disease predominantly located in south east asia and commonly associated with transmission between amplifying hosts, such as pigs, and the mosquito culex tritaeniorhynchus, where human infection represents a dead end in the life cycle of the virus. the expansion of je beyond an asiatic confine is dependent on a multitude of complex factors that stem back to genetic subtype variation. a complex interplay of the genetic variation and vector competencies combin ... | 2018 | 29718435 |
| dna barcoding of five japanese encephalitis mosquito vectors (culex fuscocephala, culex gelidus, culex tritaeniorhynchus, culex pseudovishnui and culex vishnui). | culex mosquitoes can act as vectors of several important diseases, including japanese encephalitis, west nile virus, st. louis encephalitis and equine encephalitis. besides the neurological sequelae caused in humans, japanese encephalitis can lead to abortion in sows and encephalitis in horses. effective vector control and early diagnosis, along with continuous serosurveillance in animals, are crucial to fight this arboviral disease. however, the success of vector control operations is linked wi ... | 2018 | 29625090 |