Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| toxicological effects of sphaeranthus indicus linn. (asteraceae) leaf essential oil against human disease vectors, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti linn., and impacts on a beneficial mosquito predator. | use of environmentally friendly, decomposable natural products for effective vector control has gained considerable momentum in modern society. in this study, essential oil of sphaeranthus indicus (si-eo) was extracted and further phytochemical screening revealed fourteen compounds with prominent peak area percentage of 24.9 and 22.54% in 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and benzene,2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,4-dimethoxy, respectively. the si-eo was further evaluated for their larvicidal res ... | 0 | 28455566 |
| culex mosquitoes are experimentally unable to transmit zika virus. | we report that two laboratory colonies of culex quinquefasciatus and culex pipiens mosquitoes were experimentally unable to transmit zikv either up to 21 days post an infectious blood meal or up to 14 days post intrathoracic inoculation. infectious viral particles were detected in bodies, heads or saliva by a plaque forming unit assay on vero cells. we therefore consider it unlikely that culex mosquitoes are involved in the rapid spread of zikv. | 0 | 27605159 |
| epidemic infections and their relevance to the gulf and other arabian peninsula countries. | 0 | 24019727 | |
| preliminary analysis of several attractants and spatial repellents for the mosquito, aedes albopictus using an olfactometer. | mosquito attractants and spatial repellents hold great promise in controlling mosquito pests. in assessing the effectiveness of mosquito attractants and repellents, a good olfactometer system, and optimized testing conditions, are essential. in this research, we demonstrated the usefulness of an olfactometer system, and optimized testing conditions for aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). we found no significant difference in the biting activity of the insect between 8:00 and 22:00. furthermor ... | 0 | 23418948 |
| diversity of wolbachia pipientis strain wpip in a genetically admixtured, above-ground culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) population: association with form molestus ancestry and host selection patterns. | analysis of molecular genetic diversity in nine marker regions of five genes within the bacteriophage wo genomic region revealed high diversity of the wolbachia pipentis strain wpip in a population of culex pipiens l. sampled in metropolitan chicago, il. from 166 blood fed females, 50 distinct genetic profiles of wpip were identified. rarefaction analysis suggested a maximum of 110 profiles out of a possible 512 predicted by combinations of the nine markers. a rank-abundance curve showed that fe ... | 0 | 22679853 |
| effects of temperature on emergence and seasonality of west nile virus in california. | temperature has played a critical role in the spatiotemporal dynamics of west nile virus transmission throughout california from its introduction in 2003 through establishment by 2009. we compared two novel mechanistic measures of transmission risk, the temperature-dependent ratio of virus extrinsic incubation period to the mosquito gonotrophic period (bt), and the fundamental reproductive ratio (r(0)) based on a mathematical model, to analyze spatiotemporal patterns of receptivity to viral ampl ... | 0 | 22556092 |
| public health response to aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes invading california, usa. | aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes, primary vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses, were recently detected in california, usa. the threat of potential local transmission of these viruses increases as more infected travelers arrive from affected areas. public health response has included enhanced human and mosquito surveillance, education, and intensive mosquito control. | 0 | 26401891 |
| regulation of physiological processes by micrornas in insects. | micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas that function in gene regulatory processes in plants and animals by targeting sites within messenger rna. in insects, mirnas have been shown to regulate a variety of physiological processes throughout insect development, including molting, metamorphosis, oogenesis, embryogenesis, behavior and host-pathogen interactions. the roles of mirnas in the model organism, drosophila melanogaster, have been studied extensively due to the conserved nature of mirn ... | 0 | 26251827 |
| habitat segregation of mosquito arbovirus vectors in south florida. | oviposition traps set in rural to urban environments in three south florida counties were colonized predominantly by culex quinquefasciatus say (35.1%), aedes albopictus (skuse) (34.5%), aedes aegypti (l.) (23.8%), and culex nigripalpus theobald (6.6%) during 1 yr of monthly sampling. significant differences were detected among counties for abundances of cx. quinquefasciatus and for percentage composition of that species and ae. albopictus. aerial images of habitats around each collection site w ... | 0 | 17162945 |
| high degree of single nucleotide polymorphisms in california culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) sensu lato. | resolution of systematic relationships among members of the culex pipiens (l.) complex has important implications for public health as well as for studies on the evolution of sibling species. currently held views contend that in california considerable genetic introgression occurs between cx. pipiens and cx. quinquefasciatus say, and as such, these taxa behave as if they are a single species. development of high throughput snp genotyping tools for the analysis of cx. pipiens complex population s ... | 0 | 22493847 |
| genomic screening with rnai: results and challenges. | rna interference (rnai) is an effective tool for genome-scale, high-throughput analysis of gene function. in the past five years, a number of genome-scale rnai high-throughput screens (htss) have been done in both drosophila and mammalian cultured cells to study diverse biological processes, including signal transduction, cancer biology, and host cell responses to infection. results from these screens have led to the identification of new components of these processes and, importantly, have also ... | 0 | 20367032 |
| virus evolution and transmission in an ever more connected world. | the frequency and global impact of infectious disease outbreaks, particularly those caused by emerging viruses, demonstrate the need for a better understanding of how spatial ecology and pathogen evolution jointly shape epidemic dynamics. advances in computational techniques and the increasing availability of genetic and geospatial data are helping to address this problem, particularly when both information sources are combined. here, we review research at the intersection of evolutionary biolog ... | 0 | 26702033 |
| microhabitat partitioning of aedes simpsoni (diptera: culicidae). | yellow fever virus is a reemerging infection responsible for widespread, sporadic outbreaks across africa. although aedes aegypti (l.) is the most important vector globally, in east africa, epidemics may be vectored by aedes bromeliae (theobald), a member of the aedes simpsoni (theobald) species complex. the ae. simpsoni complex contains 10 subspecies, of which ae. bromeliae alone has been incriminated as a vector of yellow fever virus. however, morphological markers cannot distinguish ae. brome ... | 0 | 24897852 |
| climate and human health: the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases, paphos, cyprus (17-19 october 2012). | 0 | 24428826 | |
| a case of yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease in ecuador. | we report the first case of viscerotropic syndrome in ecuador. because of similarities between yellow fever and viscerotropic syndrome, the incidence of this recently described complication of vaccination with the 17d yellow fever vaccine is not known. there is a large population in south america that is considered at risk for possible reemergence of urban yellow fever. knowledge of potentially fatal complications of yellow fever vaccine should temper decisions to vaccinate populations where the ... | 0 | 20348528 |
| the deadly ebola threat in the midst of an overwhelming dengue epidemic. | the recent death tolls and morbidities associated with two deadly viral haemorrhagic fevers (vhfs), i.e., ebola and dengue, are simply shocking. by the end of august 2014, 65 672 people were afflicted with dengue fever (df) in malaysia, with 9505 from kelantan, and there were 128 reported deaths. more astounding are the death tolls associated with ebola: 3091 deaths from 6574 reported cases so far. it is not difficult to imagine the potential disaster if ebola spreads beyond africa. vhfs are cha ... | 0 | 25897277 |
| dengue: an escalating problem. | 0 | 12089096 | |
| clinicohematological profiles of hospitalized patients with dengue in kolkata in 2012 epidemic, west bengal. | dengue usually presents itself with subclinical or mild infection to full blown dengue fever (df) to dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) and dengue shock syndrome (dss). in kolkata, dengue started in 1824 followed by five epidemics that occurred in 1836, 1906, 1911, 1923 and 2005. the aim of this investigation is to study the clinicohematological correlation of all patients with respect to their gender that were admitted to "kali pada chowdhury medical college and hospital" during 2012 epidemic. amon ... | 0 | 25242847 |
| dengue fever presenting as acute pancreatitis. | a 56-year-old non-alcoholic male was admitted with complaints of severe abdominal pain and was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis after blood investigations and a computed tomography scan of the abdomen. he developed a high-grade fever on the third day of admission, and serology tested positive for dengue. treatment for dengue was instituted, leading to a good response and complete resolution of pancreatitis. the patient has been doing well and has had no recurrence of pancreatitis at the end of ... | 0 | 25610147 |
| dengue in india. | dengue virus belongs to family flaviviridae, having four serotypes that spread by the bite of infected aedes mosquitoes. it causes a wide spectrum of illness from mild asymptomatic illness to severe fatal dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (dhf/dss). approximately 2.5 billion people live in dengue-risk regions with about 100 million new cases each year worldwide. the cumulative dengue diseases burden has attained an unprecedented proportion in recent times with sharp increase in the ... | 0 | 23041731 |
| rnai: antiviral therapy against dengue virus. | dengue virus infection has become a global threat affecting around 100 countries in the world. currently, there is no licensed antiviral agent available against dengue. thus, there is a strong need to develop therapeutic strategies that can tackle this life threatening disease. rna interference is an important and effective gene silencing process which degrades targeted rna by a sequence specific process. several studies have been conducted during the last decade to evaluate the efficiency of si ... | 0 | 23620845 |
| reconstructing historical changes in the force of infection of dengue fever in singapore: implications for surveillance and control. | to reconstruct the historical changes in force of dengue infection in singapore, and to better understand the relationship between control of aedes mosquitoes and incidence of classic dengue fever. | 0 | 18368205 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of dengue viruses imported into taiwan during 2008-2010. | we present our surveillance results on imported dengue cases in taiwan during 2008-2010. a total of 734 imported dengue patients were identified. the travelers were arriving from 18 countries, including southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, south pacific islands, and latin america. gene sequences from 358 dengue virus (denv) isolates were used to perform phylogenetic analyses, thus, providing an updated view of the geographic distribution and dynamic transmission of denv strains circulating i ... | 0 | 22855770 |
| molecular insight into dengue virus pathogenesis and its implications for disease control. | dengue virus (denv) is a mosquito-transmitted rna virus that infects an estimated 390 million humans each year. here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the biology of denv and describe knowledge gaps that have impacted the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics. | 0 | 26232221 |
| dengue: profile of hematological and biochemical dynamics. | the objective of this study was to correlate laboratory tests during the evolution of dengue fever, comparing frequencies between the different clinical forms in order to use test results to predict the severity of the disease. | 0 | 23049382 |
| dengue fever treatment with carica papaya leaves extracts. | the main objective of the current study is to investigate the potential of carica papaya leaves extracts against dengue fever in 45 year old patient bitten by carrier mosquitoes. for the treatment of dengue fever the extract was prepared in water. 25 ml of aqueous extract of c. papaya leaves was administered to patient infected with dengue fever twice daily i.e. morning and evening for five consecutive days. before the extract administration the blood samples from patient were analyzed. platelet ... | 0 | 23569787 |
| cell phone-based system (chaak) for surveillance of immatures of dengue virus mosquito vectors. | capture of surveillance data on mobile devices and rapid transfer of such data from these devices into an electronic database or data management and decision support systems promote timely data analyses and public health response during disease outbreaks. mobile data capture is used increasingly for malaria surveillance and holds great promise for surveillance of other neglected tropical diseases. we focused on mosquito-borne dengue, with the primary aims of: 1) developing and field-testing a ce ... | 0 | 23926788 |
| dual role of commensal bacteria in viral infections. | with our abilities to culture and sequence the commensal bacteria that dwell on and within a host, we can now study the host in its entirety, as a supraorganism that must be navigated by the pathogen invader. at present, the majority of studies have focused on the interaction between the host's microbiota and bacterial pathogens. this is not unwarranted, given that bacterial pathogens must compete with commensal organisms for the limited territory afforded by the host. however, viral pathogens a ... | 0 | 23947358 |
| dengue vaccine: a valuable asset for the future. | dengue has emerged as one of the major global public health problems. the disease has broken out of its shell and has spread due to increased international travel and climatic changes. globally, over 2.5 billion people accounting for >40% of the world's population are at risk from dengue. since the 1940s, dengue vaccines have been under investigation. a live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine based on chimeric yellow fever-dengue virus (cyd-tdv) has progressed to phase iii efficacy studies. dengue v ... | 0 | 25424928 |
| global consensus sequence development and analysis of dengue ns3 conserved domains. | the dengue virus (denv) genome encodes 10 different genes including the ns3 gene, which has a protease and helicase domain used in virus replication. this domain is a potential target for antiviral agents against dengue. due to a high mutation rate, denv is classified into four major serotypes (denv1-denv4). this study was designed to perform conservancy analysis of all four serotypes by drawing a consensus sequence for each serotype and then drawing a global consensus sequence to study conserve ... | 0 | 24083095 |
| dengue in costa rica: the gap in local scientific research. | 0 | 17316494 | |
| waiting for chikungunya fever in argentina: spatio-temporal risk maps. | chikungunya virus (chikv) transmission has been detected in america in 2013 and recently reached south up to bolivia, brazil and paraguay, bordering countries of argentina. the presence of the mosquito aedes aegypti in half of the country together with the regional context drove us to make a rapid assessment of transmission risk. temperature thresholds for vector breeding and for virus transmission, together with adult activity from the literature, were mapped on a monthly basis to estimate risk ... | 0 | 25946252 |
| outbreak of chikungunya virus infection, vanimo, papua new guinea. | in june 2012, health authorities in papua new guinea detected an increase in febrile illnesses in vanimo. chikungunya virus of the eastern/central/southern african genotype harboring the e1:a226v mutation was identified. this ongoing outbreak has spread to ≥8 other provinces and has had a harmful effect on public health. | 0 | 23965757 |
| genomes to hits in silico - a country path today, a highway tomorrow: a case study of chikungunya. | these are exciting times for bioinformaticians, computational biologists and drug designers with the genome and proteome sequences and related structural databases growing at an accelerated pace. the post-genomic era has triggered high expectations for a rapid and successful treatment of diseases. however, in this biological information rich and functional knowledge poor scenario, the challenges are indeed grand, no less than the assembly of the genome of the whole organism. these include functi ... | 0 | 23260020 |
| two disciplines, one priority: the seamless integration of human and veterinary microbiology is urgent. | 0 | 26038422 | |
| a comparative study of clinical features between monotypic and dual infection cases with chikungunya virus and dengue virus in west bengal, india. | chikungunya virus (chikv) and dengue virus (denv) are circulating individually in the state of west bengal, india. however, after 1965 the dual-infection caused by both viruses had not been recorded until 2010. in 2010, an investigation of the febrile cases was carried out to confirm the involvement of both viruses simultaneously. a total of 550 blood samples were tested for the detection of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody against both chikv and denv. serology by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent ... | 0 | 22492160 |
| the chikungunya virus: an emerging us pathogen. | the chikungunya (chik) virus was recently reported by the cdc to have spread to the united states. we report an early documented case of chik from the state of pennsylvania after a patient recently returned from haiti in june of 2014. | 0 | 27006742 |
| mucocutaneous manifestations of chikungunya fever: a study from an epidemic in coastal karnataka. | chikungunya fever (cf) epidemic has recently re-emerged in india affecting large population. mucocutaneous manifestations are an important clinical feature of the disease. we have reviewed mucocutaneous manifestations of the disease during a recent epidemic in coastal karnataka. | 0 | 21772590 |
| highly diversified zika viruses imported to china, 2016. | 0 | 27209301 | |
| threat from emerging vectorborne viruses. | 0 | 27551712 | |
| autochthonous chikungunya fever in traveler returning to japan from cuba. | 0 | 27533717 | |
| public health round-up. | 0 | 27516631 | |
| zika - global concern. | 0 | 27610070 | |
| contributions of temporal segregation, oviposition choice, and non-additive effects of competitors to invasion success of aedes japonicus (diptera: culicidae) in north america. | the mosquito aedes japonicus (diptera: culicidae) has spread rapidly through north america since its introduction in the 1990s. the mechanisms underlying its establishment in container communities occupied by competitors aedes triseriatus and aedes albopictus are unclear. possibilities include (a) temporal separation of a. japonicus from other aedes, (b) oviposition avoidance by a. japonicus of sites containing heterospecific aedes larvae, and (c) non-additive competitive effects in assemblages ... | 0 | 26101466 |
| species interactions among larval mosquitoes: context dependence across habitat gradients. | biotic interactions involving mosquito larvae are context dependent, with effects of interactions on populations altered by ecological conditions. relative impacts of competition and predation change across a gradient of habitat size and permanence. asymmetrical competition is common and ecological context changes competitive advantage, potentially facilitating landscape-level coexistence of competitors. predator effects on mosquito populations sometimes depend on habitat structure and on emerge ... | 0 | 19067629 |
| effects of habitat type and drying on ascogregarina barretti (eugregarinida: lecudinidae) infection in aedes triseritatus (diptera: culicidae). | the intensity and prevalence of parasitism by ascogregarina barretti (vavra) in aedes triseriatus (say) did not differ between tires and tree holes in field samples taken in september 1996. there was significant variation in the intensity of parasitism among containers that was not significantly correlated with the ph, conductivity, or temperature of the container water. in an experiment manipulating habitat drying, treatments had a significant effect on a. barretti infection of ae. triseriatus, ... | 0 | 11126556 |
| characterisation of culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) larval habitats at ground level and temporal fluctuations of larval abundance in córdoba, argentina. | the aims of this study were to characterise the ground-level larval habitats of the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus, to determine the relationships between habitat characteristics and larval abundance and to examine seasonal larval-stage variations in córdoba city. every two weeks for two years, 15 larval habitats (natural and artificial water bodies, including shallow wells, drains, retention ponds, canals and ditches) were visited and sampled for larval mosquitoes. data regarding the water dep ... | 0 | 24037200 |
| leaf species identity and combination affect performance and oviposition choice of two container mosquito species. | 1. resource diversity can be an important determinant of individual and population performance in insects. fallen parts of plants form the nutritive base for many aquatic systems, including mosquito habitats, but the effect of plant diversity on mosquito production is poorly understood.2. to determine the effects of diverse plant inputs on larval mosquitoes, experiments were conducted that examined how leaves of vitis aestivalis, quercus virginiana, psychotria nervosa, and nephrolepis exalta aff ... | 0 | 20161198 |
| interpopulation divergence in competitive interactions of the mosquito aedes albopictus. | geographic variation in species interactions can have major effects on distributions. effects of such variation can be particularly evident for invasive species, in which variation in competitive ability can influence invasive success and impacts. we tested the hypothesis that coexistence or exclusion of the resident mosquito aedes aegypti results from variation among local populations of the invasive aedes albopictus in competitive interactions with a. aegypti. we also examined the role of vari ... | 0 | 19769119 |
| competitive displacement and reduction. | 0 | 17853612 | |
| precipitation and temperature effects on populations of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae): implications for range expansion. | we investigated how temperature and precipitation regime encountered over the life cycle of aedes albopictus (skuse) affects populations. caged populations of a. albopictus were maintained at 22, 26, and 30 degrees c. cages were equipped with containers that served as sites for oviposition and larval development. all cages were assigned to one of three simulated precipitation regimes: (1) low fluctuation regime - water within the containers was allowed to evaporate to 90% of its maximum before b ... | 0 | 11580037 |
| an improved trap to capture adult container-inhabiting mosquitoes. | although dengue viruses are thought to be transmitted by aedes aegypti in puerto rico, aedes mediovittatus, the caribbean tree hole mosquito, is also a potential vector. this species is native to the greater antilles and has been shown to be a competent vector of dengue viruses in the laboratory. consequently, it has been suggested that ae. mediovittatus could be acting as a secondary vector or virus reservoir. this study was part of an ongoing investigation into this, and it aimed to determine ... | 0 | 24551969 |
| hunger-dependent and sex-specific antipredator behaviour of larvae of a size-dimorphic mosquito. | 1. modification of behaviors in the presence of predators or predation cues is widespread among animals. costs of a behavioral change in the presence of predators or predation cues depend on fitness effects of lost feeding opportunities and, especially when organisms are sexually dimorphic in size or timing of maturation, these costs are expected to differ between the sexes. 2. larval aedes triseriatus (say) (diptera: culicidae) were used to test the hypothesis that behavioral responses of the s ... | 0 | 25309025 |
| design and testing of a novel, protective human-baited tent trap for the collection of anthropophilic disease vectors. | currently, there exists a deficit of safe, active trapping methods for the collection of host-seeking anopheles and other disease-causing arthropod vectors. the gold-standard approach for mosquito collection is that of human landing catch (hlc), in which an individual exposes bare skin to possibly infected vectors. here, we present the development of a new method for mosquito collection, the infoscitex tent, which uses modern tent materials coupled with a novel trap design. this provides an effi ... | 0 | 24605476 |
| effects of elevated atmospheric co(2) on water chemistry and mosquito (diptera: culicidae) growth under competitive conditions in container habitats. | we investigated the direct and indirect effects of elevated atmospheric co(2) on freshwater container habitats and their larval mosquito occupants. we predicted that a doubling of atmospheric co(2) would (1) alter the chemical properties of water in this system, (2) slow degradation of leaf litter, and (3) decrease larval growth of aedes albopictus (skuse) mosquitoes raised on that litter under competitive conditions. effects of elevated co(2) on water quality parameters were not detected, but t ... | 0 | 22661767 |
| genes and odors underlying the recent evolution of mosquito preference for humans. | mosquito species that specialize in biting humans are few but dangerous. they include the african malaria vectors anopheles gambiae and anopheles coluzzii, as well as aedes aegypti, the cosmopolitan vector of dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever. these mosquitoes have evolved a remarkable innate preference for human odor that helps them find and bite us. here i review what is known about this important evolutionary adaptation, from its historical documentation to its chemical and molecular basi ... | 0 | 26766234 |
| acoustic communication in insect disease vectors. | acoustic signalling has been extensively studied in insect species, which has led to a better understanding of sexual communication, sexual selection and modes of speciation. the significance of acoustic signals for a blood-sucking insect was first reported in the xix century by christopher johnston, studying the hearing organs of mosquitoes, but has received relatively little attention in other disease vectors until recently. acoustic signals are often associated with mating behaviour and sexua ... | 0 | 24473800 |
| laboratory tests on mosquito tolerance to insecticides and the development of resistance by aedes aegypti. | three strains of aëdes aegypti and a strain of culex molestus were used in tests to determine the relative susceptibility levels of the larvae to various insecticides and to investigate the development of resistance in the laboratory through selection by larval treatment only. the procedures and test methods used are described and the results discussed and set out in tabular and graphic form.it was found, inter alia, that selection of fourth-stage larvae of a laboratory strain of aëdes and culex ... | 0 | 13500157 |
| is there an efficient trap or collection method for sampling anopheles darlingi and other malaria vectors that can describe the essential parameters affecting transmission dynamics as effectively as human landing catches? - a review. | distribution, abundance, feeding behaviour, host preference, parity status and human-biting and infection rates are among the medical entomological parameters evaluated when determining the vector capacity of mosquito species. to evaluate these parameters, mosquitoes must be collected using an appropriate method. malaria is primarily transmitted by anthropophilic and synanthropic anophelines. thus, collection methods must result in the identification of the anthropophilic species and efficiently ... | 0 | 25185008 |
| changing clinical scenario in chandipura virus infection. | chandipura virus (chpv) (vesiculovirus: rhabdoviridae) garnered global attention as an emerging neurotropic pathogen inflicting high mortality in children within 24 h of commencement of symptoms. the 2003-2004 outbreaks in central india witnessed case fatality rates ranging from 56-75 per cent in andhra pradesh and gujarat with typical encephalitic symptoms. due to the acute sickness and rapid deterioration, the precise mechanism of action of the virus is still unknown. recent studies have shown ... | 0 | 27748295 |
| differential survivorship of invasive mosquito species in south florida cemeteries: do site-specific microclimates explain patterns of coexistence and exclusion? | within 2 yr of the arrival of the invasive container mosquito aedes albopictus (skuse), the previously dominant invasive mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) disappeared from many florida cemeteries. at some cemeteries, however, ae. aegypti populations seem stable despite ae. albopictus invasion. we sought to understand this variation in the outcome (exclusion, coexistence) of this invasion, given that previous experiments show that ae. albopictus is the superior larval competitor. we tested experimental ... | 0 | 20852732 |
| arthropod surveillance programs: basic components, strategies, and analysis. | effective entomological surveillance planning stresses a careful consideration of methodology, trapping technologies, and analysis techniques. herein, the basic principles and technological components of arthropod surveillance plans are described, as promoted in the symposium "advancements in arthropod monitoring technology, techniques, and analysis" presented at the 58th annual meeting of the entomological society of america in san diego, ca. interdisciplinary examples of arthropod monitoring f ... | 0 | 26543242 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of an acetylcholinesterase cdna in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | a full cdna encoding an acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7) was cloned and characterized from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). the complete cdna (2467 bp) contains a 1938-bp open reading frame encoding 646 amino acid residues. the amino acid sequence of the ache deduced from the cdna consists of 30 residues for a putative signal peptide and 616 residues for the mature protein with a predicted molecular weight of 69,418. the three residues (ser242, glu3 ... | 0 | 20874389 |
| phytochemical investigation and evaluation of antinociceptive activity of ethanolic extract of dalbergia sissoo (roxb.) bark. | the antinociceptive activity of ethanolic extract of the plant bark of dalbergia sissoo (roxb.) was investigated using tail flick method on wistar rats. three different dose levels (300, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) in 0.5% carboxyl methyl cellulose (cmc) were administered by p.o. route. the antinociceptive activities of the all doses were compared with that of the standard drug asprin (300 mg/kg) administered by p.o. route and the results were found to be significant (p < 0.01). at the above doses, the ... | 0 | 22470239 |
| adulticidal & larvicidal efficacy of three neonicotinoids against insecticide susceptible & resistant mosquito strains. | due to ever growing insecticide resistance in mosquitoes to commonly used insecticides in many parts of the globe, there is always a need for introduction of new insecticides for the control of resistant vector mosquitoes. in this study, larvicidal and adulticidal efficacies of three neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam) were tested against resistant and susceptible populations of anopheles stephensi liston 1901, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti linnaeus, and culex quinquefasciatu ... | 0 | 26905244 |
| dsred2 transient expression in culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. | culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes have been successfully genetically modified only once, despite the efforts of several laboratories to transform and establish a stable strain. we have developed a transient gene expression method, in culex, that delivers plasmid dna directly to the mosquito haemolymph and additional tissues. we were able to express dsred2 fluorescent protein in adult cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes by injecting plasmids directly into their thorax. the expression of dsred2 in adu ... | 0 | 23828005 |
| developing antibodies from cholinesterase derived from prokaryotic expression and testing their feasibility for detecting immunogen content in daphnia magna. | to yield cholinesterase (che) from prokaryotic expression, the che gene that belongs to daphnia magna was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using forward primer 5'-cccyggngcsat gatgtg-3' and reverse primer 5'-gyaagttrgcccaatatct-3'. to express the gene, one sequence of the amplified dna, which was able to encode a putative protein containing two conserved carboxylesterase domains, was connected to the prokaryotic expression vector pet-29a(+). the recombinant v ... | 0 | 26834012 |
| the role of male harassment on female fitness for the dengue vector mosquito aedes aegypti. | sexual harassment studies in insects suggest that females can incur several kinds of costs from male harassment and mating. here, we examined direct and indirect costs of male harassment on components of female fitness in the predominantly monandrous mosquito aedes aegypti. to disentangle the costs of harassment versus the costs of mating, we held females at a low or high density with males whose claspers were modified to prevent insemination, and compared these to females held with normal males ... | 0 | 25544799 |
| efficacy of insecticide treated nets against mixed population of mosquitoes at dayalbagh-agra. | 0 | 25905088 | |
| larvicidal and irritant activities of hexane leaf extracts of citrus sinensis against dengue vector aedes aegypti l. | to assess the larvicidal and irritant activities of the hexane extracts of leaves of citrus sinensis (c. sinensis) against the early fourth instars and female adults of aedes aegypti (ae. aegypti). | 0 | 23569887 |
| light-emitting diode technology improves insect trapping. | in a climate of increased funding for vaccines, chemotherapy, and prevention of vector-borne diseases, fewer resources have been directed toward improving disease and vector surveillance. recently developed light-emitting diode (led) technology was applied to standard insect-vector traps to produce a more effective lighting system. this approach improved phlebotomine sand fly capture rates by 50%, and simultaneously reduced the energy consumption by 50-60%. the leds were incorporated into 2 ligh ... | 0 | 18666546 |
| subtle periodicity of pupation in rapidly developing mosquitos: with particular reference to aedes vittatus and aedes aegypti. | aedes vittatus and ae. aegypti are important vectors of yellow fever and other arbovirus diseases in africa and they complete many generations, through all developmental stages, in a single year. recent studies on drosophila have offered precise techniques for analysing periodicities in populations of single developmental events in individuals. if the variability of pupation times is low, periodicities may not be recognizable by an obviously polymodal pattern in a single synchronized population. ... | 0 | 5312257 |
| strong alkalinization in the anterior midgut of larval yellow fever mosquitoes (aedes aegypti): involvement of luminal na+/k+-atpase. | recently, na(+)/k(+)-atpase has been detected in the luminal membrane of the anterior midgut of larval yellow fever mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) with immunohistochemical techniques. in this study, the possible involvement of this atpase in strong alkalinization was investigated on the level of whole larvae, isolated and perfused midgut preparations and on the molecular level of the na(+)/k(+)-atpase protein. ouabain (5 mm) did not inhibit the capability of intact larval mosquitoes to alkalinize th ... | 0 | 19048614 |
| neural responses to one- and two-tone stimuli in the hearing organ of the dengue vector mosquito. | recent studies demonstrate that mosquitoes listen to each other's wing beats just prior to mating in flight. field potentials from sound-transducing neurons in the antennae contain both sustained and oscillatory components to pure and paired tone stimuli. described here is a direct comparison of these two types of response in the dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti. across a wide range of frequencies and intensities, sustained responses to one- and two-tone stimuli are about equal in magnitude ... | 0 | 20348350 |
| interfaces between allergen structure and diagnosis: know your epitopes. | allergy diagnosis is based on the patient's clinical history and can be strengthened by tests that confirm the origin of sensitization. in the past 25 years, these tests have evolved from the exclusive in vivo or in vitro use of allergen extracts, to complementary molecular-based diagnostics that rely on in vitro measurements of ige reactivity to individual allergens. for this to occur, an increase in our understanding of the molecular structure of allergens, largely due to the development of te ... | 0 | 25750181 |
| state of the globe: yellow fever is still around and active! | 0 | 20300379 | |
| pathogenicity tests on nine mosquito species and several non-target organisms with strelkovimermis spiculatus (nemata mermithidae). | nine species of mosquitoes and several species of non-target aquatic organisms were tested for susceptibility to the mernaithid nematode, strelkovimermis spiculatus. all species of anopheles, aedes, culex, and toxorhynchites exposed to s. spiculatus were susceptible. of the nine mosquito species tested, c. pipiens quinquefasciatus had the greatest tolerance to initial invasion and the highest percent infection of those that survived. high levels of infection were also achieved with aedes taenior ... | 0 | 19274233 |
| arbovirus infections. | arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) infections are increasingly important causes of neurologic disease in the united states through both endemic transmission and travel-associated infections. this article reviews the major arbovirus infections that can cause neurologic disease likely to be encountered in the united states. | 0 | 26633778 |
| factors shaping the adaptive landscape for arboviruses: implications for the emergence of disease. | many examples of the emergence or re-emergence of infectious diseases involve the adaptation of zoonotic viruses to new amplification hosts or to humans themselves. these include several instances of simple mutational adaptations, often to hosts closely related to the natural reservoirs. however, based on theoretical grounds, arthropod-borne viruses, or arboviruses, may face several challenges for adaptation to new hosts. here, we review recent findings regarding adaptive evolution of arboviruse ... | 0 | 23374123 |
| emerging and re-emerging viruses: a global challenge illustrated by chikungunya virus outbreaks. | in recent decades, the issue of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, especially those related to viruses, has become an increasingly important area of concern in public health. it is of significance to anticipate future epidemics by accumulating knowledge through appropriate research and by monitoring their emergence using indicators from different sources. the objective is to alert and respond effectively in order to reduce the adverse impact on the general populations. most of the eme ... | 0 | 24175207 |
| host inflammatory response to mosquito bites enhances the severity of arbovirus infection. | aedes aegypti mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting many medically important viruses such as those that cause zika and dengue. the inoculation of viruses into mosquito bite sites is an important and common stage of all mosquito-borne virus infections. we show, using semliki forest virus and bunyamwera virus, that these viruses use this inflammatory niche to aid their replication and dissemination in vivo. mosquito bites were characterized by an edema that retained virus at the inoculation ... | 0 | 27332734 |
| rna interference in infectious tropical diseases. | introduction of double-stranded rna (dsrna) into some cells or organisms results in degradation of its homologous mrna, a process called rna interference (rnai). the dsrnas are processed into short interfering rnas (sirnas) that subsequently bind to the rna-induced silencing complex (risc), causing degradation of target mrnas. because of this sequence-specific ability to silence target genes, rnai has been extensively used to study gene functions and has the potential to control disease pathogen ... | 0 | 18344671 |
| specificity of resistance to dengue virus isolates is associated with genotypes of the mosquito antiviral gene dicer-2. | in contrast to the prevailing view that invertebrate immunity relies on broad-spectrum recognition and effector mechanisms, intrinsic genetic compatibility between invertebrate hosts and their pathogens is often highly specific in nature. solving this puzzle requires a better understanding of the molecular basis underlying observed patterns of invertebrate host-pathogen genetic specificity, broadly referred to as genotype-by-genotype interactions. here, we identify an invertebrate immune gene in ... | 0 | 23193131 |
| novel genetic and molecular tools for the investigation and control of dengue virus transmission by mosquitoes. | aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue virus (denv) throughout the tropical world. this anthropophilic mosquito species needs to be persistently infected with denv before it can transmit the virus through its saliva to a new vertebrate host. in the mosquito, denv is confronted with several innate immune pathways, among which rna interference is considered the most important. the ae. aegypti genome project opened the doors for advanced molecular studies on pathogen-vector interactions in ... | 0 | 24693489 |
| microbiota-dependent priming of antiviral intestinal immunity in drosophila. | enteric pathogens must overcome intestinal defenses to establish infection. in drosophila, the erk signaling pathway inhibits enteric virus infection. the intestinal microflora also impacts immunity but its role in enteric viral infection is unknown. here we show that two signals are required to activate antiviral erk signaling in the intestinal epithelium. one signal depends on recognition of peptidoglycan from the microbiota, particularly from the commensal acetobacter pomorum, which primes th ... | 0 | 26567510 |
| coi barcode versus morphological identification of culex (culex) (diptera: culicidae) species: a case study using samples from argentina and brazil. | sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit i (coi) mitochondrial gene from adults of 22 culex (culex) species from argentina and brazil were employed to assess species identification and to test the usefulness of coi for barcoding using the best close match (bcm) algorithm. a pairwise kimura two-parameter distance matrix including the mean intra and interspecific distances for 71 coi barcode sequences was constructed. of the 12 coi lineages recovered in the neighbour-joining topology, five co ... | 0 | 24473810 |
| aedes taeniorhynchus vectorial capacity informs a pre-emptive assessment of west nile virus establishment in galápagos. | increased connectivity with the mainland has led to the arrival of many invasive species to the galápagos islands, including novel pathogens, threatening the archipelago's unique fauna. here we consider the potential role of the mosquito aedes taeniorhynchus in maintaining the flavivirus west nile virus [wnv] should it reach the islands. we report on three components of vectorial capacity - vector competency, distributional abundance and host-feeding. in contrast to usa strains, galápagos a. tae ... | 0 | 23519190 |
| deadly intracranial bleed in patients with dengue fever: a series of nine patients and review of literature. | dengue fever is a global pandemic threat with increasing incidence. to date, there are no cures and the effectiveness of dengue vaccines is still uncertain. world heath organization introduced expanded dengue syndrome to include unusual presentations of dengue fever including severe neurologic complications. one of the deadly complications is intracranial hemorrhage (ich). | 0 | 27365962 |
| re-emergence of dengue virus serotype 2 strains in the 2013 outbreak in nepal. | epidemiological interventions and mosquito control are the available measures for dengue control. the former approach uses serotype and genetic information on the circulating virus strains. dengue has been frequently reported from nepal, but this information is mostly lacking. the present study was done to generate a comprehensive clinical and virological picture of a dengue outbreak in nepal during 2013. | 0 | 26905233 |
| the status of infectious disease in the amazon region. | the amazon river basin region is a vast territory with an area >7 million km2, encompassing parts of 9 south american countries: bolivia, brazil, colombia, ecuador, french guiana, guyana, peru, suriname, and venezuela. the amazon river, the longest river in the world, traverses the region from west to east, fed by multiple tributaries. the region also contains the largest tropical rainforest in the world, situated on a massive plain whose altitude is near sea level. with a climate characterized ... | 0 | 19331757 |
| molecular modeling and docking study to elucidate novel chikungunya virus nsp2 protease inhibitors. | chikungunya is one of the tropical viral infections that severely affect the asian and african countries. absence of any suitable drugs or vaccines against chikungunya virus till date makes it essential to identify and develop novel leads for the same. recently, nsp2 cysteine protease has been classified as a crucial drug target to combat infections caused by alphaviruses including chikungunya virus due to its involvement viral replication. here in, we investigated the structural aspects of the ... | 0 | 26664062 |
| reply to skalsky et al.: a microrna-like small rna from dengue virus. | 0 | 25061641 | |
| zika virus infection after travel to tahiti, december 2013. | 0 | 25062427 | |
| zika virus: indian perspectives. | the emergence of zika virus (ziv), a mosquito borne flavivirus like dengue (den) and chikungunya (chik), in brazil in 2014 and its spread to various countries have led to a global health emergency. aedes aegypti is the major vector for ziv. fast dissemination of this virus in different geographical areas posses a major threat especially to regions where the population lacks herd immunity against the ziv and there is abundance of aedes mosquitoes. in this review, we focus on current global scenar ... | 0 | 27487998 |
| updating the geographical distribution and frequency of aedes albopictus in brazil with remarks regarding its range in the americas. | the geographical distribution of aedes albopictus in brazil was updated according to the data recorded across the country over the last eight years. countrywide house indexes (hi) for ae. albopictus in urban and suburban areas were described for the first time using a sample of brazilian municipalities. this mosquito is currently present in at least 59% of the brazilian municipalities and in 24 of the 27 federal units (i.e., 26 states and the federal district). in 34 brazilian municipalities, th ... | 0 | 25317707 |
| the burden of dengue and chikungunya worldwide: implications for the southern united states and california. | dengue virus (denv) spreads to humans through the bite of an infected aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquito and is a growing public health threat to both industrialized and developing nations worldwide. outbreaks of autochthonous dengue in the united states occurred extensively in the past but over the past 3 decades have again taken place in florida, hawaii, and texas as well as in american samoa, guam, northern mariana islands, puerto rico, and the us virgin islands. as the aedes vectors ... | 0 | 25960096 |
| larvicidal & ovicidal efficacy of pithecellobium dulce (roxb.) benth. (fabaceae) against anopheles stephensi liston & aedes aegypti linn. (diptera: culicidae). | in view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was undertaken to assess the larvicidal and ovicidal potential of the crude hexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent extracts from the medicinal plant pithecellobium dulce against the mosquito vectors, anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | 0 | 24056567 |
| preliminary findings on bagaza virus (flavivirus: flaviviridae) growth kinetics, transmission potential & transovarial transmission in three species of mosquitoes. | bagaza virus (bagv), a flavivirus synonymous with israel turkey meningoencephalitis virus, has been found to circulate in india. bagv has recently been held responsible for inducing febrile illness in humans and causing unusually high mortality to wild birds in spain. a study was therefore, undertaken to determine its replication kinetics in certain mosquitoes and to determine vector competence and potential of the mosquitoes to transmit bagv experimentally. | 0 | 24056604 |
| larvicidal efficacy of ethiopian ethnomedicinal plant juniperus procera essential oil against afrotropical malaria vector anopheles arabiensis (diptera: culicidae). | to screen the essential oil of juniperus procera (j. procera) (cupressaceae) for larvicidal activity against late third instar larvae of anopheles arabiensis (an. arabiensis) patton, the principle malaria vector in ethiopia. | 0 | 25183156 |
| neurological infections in the returning international traveler. | clinicians may encounter international travelers returning with exotic infections, emerging infectious diseases, or resurgent old-world infections. many of these infectious diseases can affect the nervous system directly or indirectly. the contemporary neurologist should therefore be cognizant of the clinical manifestations, potential complications, and appropriate management of common travel-related infections. this chapter focuses on five important infections that affect the central nervous sy ... | 0 | 25147444 |