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[new data on the transmission of filariae].this paper summarizes research of the past several years on two phases of filarial transmission: the ingestion of microfilariae by the vector and the regulation of the percentage of successful parasites by the vector. experiments involved several different models for study: injection of inert particles into the bloodstream of a rodent and their subsequent ingestion by a vector; ingestion of gametocytes of different ages by vectors of a rodent malaria; and a monkey simultaneously infected with fo ...19853836764
aedes aegypti: model for blood finding strategy and prediction of parasite manipulation.aedes aegypti mosquitoes salivate during intradermal probing of vertebrate prey before ingesting blood (griffiths and gordon 1952). nonsalivating mosquitoes locate blood more slowly; this difference was ascribed to an anti-platelet activity found in the mosquito's saliva (ribeiro et al. 1984). mosquitoes infected with plasmodium gallinaceum suffer pathology that specifically impairs saliva anti-hemostatic activity but without reducing volume of output (rossignol et al. 1984). the complexity of t ...19853839460
[biology and behavior of aedes aegypti]. 19853843130
[present viability of the eradication of aedes aegypti in the control of yellow fever in brazil]. 19853843131
geographic genetic differentiation and arbovirus competency: aedes aegypti and yellow fever. 19853870635
a simple method of identifying organophosphate insecticide resistance in adults of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.a simple filter paper spot test is described for identifying adult aedes aegypti resistant to malathion as a result of raised esterase levels. the method is compared with established polyacrylamide gel (pag) electrophoresis techniques for determining esterase-6 activity, and its applicability as a field test is discussed.19853880211
laboratory evaluation of controlled-release insect repellent formulations.seven microcapsule formulations and two polymer formulations of deet were tested on white rabbits for their repellency against the mosquito, aedes aegypti. two microcapsule formulations and one polymer formulation provided more than 80% protection for 12 hours. results demonstrated that the protection period of deet can be extended through controlled-release techniques.19853880224
wind tunnel evaluation of commonly used adulticides against new orleans aedes aegypti. 19853880235
efficacy of three insect growth regulators on the development of aedes aegypti. 19853880238
high-resolution gradient polyacrylamide electrophoresis of isozymes of the mosquito, aedes aegypti.a procedure for high resolution electrophoresis of isozymes of the mosquito aedes aegypti using nonlinear (2.5%-20%) polyacrylamide gradient gel slabs is described. crude mosquito homogenates were electrophoresed on gradient and on homogeneous (7%) polyacrylamide gels and stained for esterase (est), isocitrate dehydrogenase (idh) and malate dehydrogenase (mdh). the resulting zymograms were compared to demonstrate the high resolving power of the polyacrylamide gradient gel system.19853880252
location of esterase loci in aedes aegypti.linkage relations of two loci, est-4 and est-6, have been studied in aedes aegypti. est-4 is on chromosome i, the sex chromosome, about 33 units from the sex region on the opposite side from red eye (re). this location is demonstrated for the first time. data for est-6 agree with results of other workers.19853880258
the duration of larval life of aedes aegypti as affected by time of hatch.when aedes aegypti eggs (1-10 wk old) were submerged in water, larvae that hatched in the 24 hr period following exposure to reduced oxygen developed significantly faster than larvae from the initial hatch. there were significant differences in the sex ratios between first- and second-hatch groups; however, adult size and fecundity did not differ significantly.19853880263
development of dirofilaria immitis third stage larvae (nematoda: filarioidea) in micropore chambers implanted into surrogate hosts.groups of 100 third stage larvae of dirofilaria immitis recovered from aedes aegypti were loaded into 250 microliters capacity micropore chambers (0.3 micron pore size) and implanted into the peritoneal cavity of mice, jirds, cotton rats and ferrets. in all hosts 74-87% of larvae moulted by 74 hours, with less than 5% mortality. the fourth stage worms recovered at 74 hours were cultured in vitro in l-15 (leibovitz) medium plus 20% foetal bovine serum with a dog sarcoma feeder cell line. after 96 ...19853890119
viability of mycobacterium leprae within the gut of aedes aegypti after they feed on multibacillary lepromatous patients: a study by fluorescent and electron microscopes. 19853908862
development of mansonella ozzardi in the liverpool strain of aedes aegypti. 19853914123
dominant lethal effects of thiotepa in male aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 19853925149
isolation of a relatively nontoxic 65-kilodalton protein inclusion from the parasporal body of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.ultrastructural studies of the mosquitocidal bacterium bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis revealed that the parasporal body contained three major inclusion types, designated types 1, 2, and 3, which could be differentiated on the basis of electron opacity and size and, to some extent, shape. the type-2 inclusion, which was of moderate electron density and often appeared as a bar-shaped polyhedral body, was isolated on nabr gradients from purified parasporal bodies and characterized by sod ...19863944061
peptide nature of two mosquito natriuretic factors.high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) of saline extracts of aedes aegypti heads yields three fractions (from a total of 108) that affect transepithelial voltage and/or fluid secretion in isolated aedes malpighian tubules. in this study we investigated the physical and chemical nature of the active materials in these fractions. gel-filtration chromatography revealed that the molecular weights of the three fractions were between 1,900 and 2,700. to test their thermostability the fractions wer ...19863953844
increased biting rate and reduced fertility in sporozoite-infected mosquitoes.because salivary function and blood location are impaired in sporozoite-infected mosquitoes, we determined whether such pathology also could lead to an increased biting rate. for 5 days, we compared relative daily biting rates of plasmodium gallinaceum sporozoite-infected mosquitoes (aedes aegypti) and noninfected mosquitoes with an olfactometer. mosquitoes then were exposed for 5 min to an anesthetized guinea pig. infected mosquitoes exhibited a significant increase in olfactometer response whi ...19863953943
mechanical transmission of rift valley fever virus by hematophagous diptera.experimental studies were conducted to determine if hematophagous diptera were capable of mechanical transmission of rift valley fever (rvf) virus to laboratory animals. all species tested (glossina morsitans, aedes aegypti, aedes taeniorhynchus, culex pipiens, stomoxys calcitrans, lutzomyia longipalpis, and culicoides variipennis) mechanically transmitted the virus to hamsters. mechanical transmission rates for g. morsitans ranged from 0-100%, with the probability of mechanical transmission pos ...19853970308
plasmodium gallinaceum: sporozoite activity in immune mosquito hemolymph.sporozoites of plasmodium gallinaceum are relatively inactive in hanks' balanced salt solution or in the hemolymph of the susceptible aedes aegypti mosquito. they become agitated and very active in the presence of the hemolymph of the innately immune mosquito, culex pipiens. sporozoites from the latter are more infective in chicks than the former. this behavior is likely the result of stimulation or irritation by the adverse environment.19853972059
reduced productivity in tretamine-treated adult populations of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 19853981551
characterization of refractoriness in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to infection by dirofilaria immitis. 19853981554
effect of selection for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) resistance on the uptake and breakdown of ddt in aedes aegypti l.aedes aegypti larvae and adults were selected to high levels of resistance with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) along separate lines. the larval-selected line showed three responses associated with larval resistance: increased detoxication of ddt by dehydrochlorination to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane dde (demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro), increased tolerance to unmetabolised ("residual") ddt and, a reduction in uptake of ddt. larval selection caused very little change in adult res ...19853986671
hormone-mediated formation of the endocytic complex in mosquito oocytes.the developmental events leading to oocyte competence to internalize proteins, and the hormonal control of these events in the mosquito aedes aegypti have been studied. the oocytes of newly eclosed females have an undifferentiated cortex. during previtellogenic development, a highly specialized endocytic complex, consisting of numerous coated vesicles and uncoated endosomes, microvilli, and, presumably, vitellogenin receptors, forms in the oocyte cortex. morphometric analysis and probes with a p ...19853988025
[sensitivity of aedes aegypti infected with the malaria agent to ddt]. 19853990637
the effect of different types of skin surfaces on the transmission of brugia pahangi infective larvae by the mosquito aedes aegypti.the transmission of brugia pahangi from aedes aegypti into meriones unguiculatus was compared for four different skin surfaces (hairy, cloth, clean, greasy). unshaven jirds reduced the feeding avidity of infective mosquitoes. the loss of larvae from infective mosquitoes was greatest when these insects fed on "exposed" skin surfaces. significantly fewer infective larvae penetrated the host when infective mosquitoes fed on a jird through a thin layer of cloth.19853992643
failure to detect natural transovarial transmission of dengue viruses by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). 19854009622
response of domestic and peridomestic strains of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in new orleans, louisiana, usa, to organophosphate, organochlorine, and pyrethroid insecticides. 19854009625
analysis of lipids by gas-liquid chromatography and complementary methods in four strains of aedes aegypti mosquitoes.fatty acid composition of total lipids, neutral lipids and phospholipids of strains of aedes aegypti were determined. the fatty acid composition of the strains differed quantitatively with regard to the relative percentage of commonly occurring fatty acids. gas-liquid chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters showed 18:1 (oleic or elaidic) to be the predominant fatty acid. the fatty acid was identified as oleic by argentation thin-layer chromatography. a modified colorimetric method was used to ...20134017543
bioassays of bacillus sphaericus (strain 1593) against mosquitoes of public health importance in malaysia.the pathogenicity of bacillus sphaericus strain 1593 was tested against laboratory-reared larvae of four local species of mosquitoes of public health importance in malaysia; aedes aegypti, anopheles balabacensis, mansonia uniformis and culex quinquefasciatus. the bacteria was shake-cultured at 28 +/- 1 degrees c for three days, using glucose-yeast extract salts medium. after which, the spores and vegetative cells were harvested and stored at 4 degrees c before use. conditions for bioassays were ...19854023816
argentophilic structures of spermatogenesis in the yellow fever mosquito.application of the silver-staining technique to air-dried chromosome preparations of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, revealed the following: 1) intensely stained pericentromeric regions in all chromosomes including the y chromosome in spermatogonia, and during the primary and secondary spermatocytes; 2) the presence of prepachytene that were not reported earlier; 3) a nucleolus organizing region that persisted up to the late pachytene stage; and 4) rod or ring-like centrioles in pachyt ...20064031466
transition from somatic to meiotic pairing and progressional changes of the synaptonemal complex in spermatocytes of aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti spermatocytes were reconstructed from electron micrographs. the species has tight somatic pairing of the chromosomes, and there are therefore no classical leptotene and zygotene stages, but rather a gradual transition from somatic pairing to meiotic pairing (= pachytene). the term "prepachytene" has been used for the transitory stage. the first visible sign of impending meiosis was a reorganization of the chromatin, which resulted in the formation of spaces (synaptic spaces) in the ...19854042770
ethyl-methanesulfonate-induced changes in filarial susceptibility in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 19854045933
effect of dirofilaria immitis on blood meal size and fecundity in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 19854045936
[effect of mosquito contact with ddt and their susceptibility to the causative agent of malaria].the contact of aedes aegypti mosquitoes with ddt one hour prior to the infectious feeding results in a slight decrease of their susceptibility to plasmodium gallinaceum. the contact 24 hours prior to the infectious feeding does not affect the susceptibility of mosquitoes.19854047719
ultrastructure of midgut endocrine cells in the adult mosquito, aedes aegypti.the ultrastructure of endocrine cells in the midgut of the adult mosquito, aedes aegypti, resembled that of endocrine cells in the vertebrate gastro-intestinal tract. midgut endocrine cells, positioned basally in the epithelium as single cells, were cone-shaped and smaller than the columnar digestive cells. the most distinctive characteristic of endocrine cells was numerous round secretory granules along the lateral and basal plasma membranes where contents of the granules were released by exocy ...19854060146
dengue and hepatic failure.dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome is a serious manifestation of dengue fever, which is observed predominantly in the tropical regions of the west pacific and in southeast asia and is associated with secondary infections, mainly in children under age 15. a concomitant microangiopathic coagulopathy has been described; moreover, encephalopathy and even reye's syndrome have been rarely reported. this report describes a 51-year-old man with secondary dengue infection who presented with c ...19854061482
egg maturation and ecdysiotropic activity in extracts of mosquito (aedes aegypti) heads.blood-fed, decapitated female aedes aegypti mosquitoes matured eggs when injected with an extract of heads, but non-blood-fed females did not. the response to head extract was optimal when the head was allowed to remain for 2 hr after feeding. a dose response to injected egg development neurosecretory hormone (ednh) was observed in vivo that was similar to in vitro dose responses previously reported. blood-fed decapitated females responded equally well to boiled or unboiled head extract. when bl ...19854065529
comparison of three fenitrothion controlled-release formulations as larvicides for aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). 19854078135
chikungunya virus in salivary glands of aedes aegypti (l.): an electron microscope study. 19704097196
trypsin and chymotrypsin during metamorphosis in aedes aegypti and properties of the chymotrypsin. 19714101347
permeability of the ovarian follicle of aedes aegypti mosquitoes.the passage of tracers of various molecular weights into resting and vitellogenic ovarian follicles of aedes aegypti mosquitoes was studied ultrastructurally. the outermost layer of the follicular sheath (the basement lamina) is a coarse mechanical filter. it is freely permeable to particles with molecular weights ranging from 12,000 to 500,000 (i.e. cytochrome c, peroxidase, hemoglobin, catalase, ferritin, immunoglobulin (igg)-peroxidase, iron dextran and thorotrast) that have dimensions less t ...04104968
electron microscopy of friend murine leukemia virus in the mid-gut of experimentally infected mosquitoes.after 30 and 78 hr, friend murine leukemia virus (flv) particles were detected by electron microscopy in the mid-gut lumen of the mosquitoes aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and anopheles stephensi liston which had fed on leukemia balb/c mice infected with flv. various developmental stages of the virions were observed within and on the surface of ingested blood cells, particularly young erythroblasts, as well as free in the lumen after budding. these preliminary findings indicate that flv continues to m ...19714108934
synergism of insecticides by herbicides.the herbicides atrazine, simazine, monuron, and 2,4-d (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) enhanced the toxicity of selected insecticides to drosophila melanogaster meigen, musca domestica l., and larvae of aedes aegypti l. the insecticides-nine organophosphorus compounds, two chlorinated hydrocarbons, and one carbamate-were used at dosages that resulted in low insect mortalities, while the herbicides by themselves were nontoxic. atrazine was most effective. with increasing amounts of this herbicide ...19734125047
investigation of a virus disease of the densonucleosis type in a laboratory culture of aedes aegypti. 19734125849
metabolism of aedes aegypti cells grown in vitro. ii. determination of cell viability. 20134131328
vector capability of aedes aegypti mosquitoes for california encephalitis and dengue viruses at various temperatures. 19744132612
x and y chromosomes of aedes aegypti (l.) distinguished by giemsa c-banding. 19744141301
aedes aegypti surveillance and control in the south pacific. 19744143238
structure and function of the basal lamina and of the cell junctions in the midgut epithelium (stomach) of female aedes aegypti l.(insecta, diptera). 19734147872
ecological studies on the breeding of aedes aegypti and other mosquitos in shells of the giant african snail achatina fulica.the breeding of larvae of aedes aegypti, aedes simpsoni, and eretmapodites quinquevittatus in empty shells of achatina fulica was studied in the coastal zone of dar es salaam, tanzania. the average density of shells was estimated to be 228 per ha. from 11 to 35% were positive for mosquito larvae. a. aegypti were found in 82-84% of positive shells; a. simpsoni in 8-13%. on msasani peninsula, during the 3-month rainy season april-june 1970, the larval density of a. aegypti in shells was estimated ...19734148745
laboratory colonization of toxorhynchites brevipalpis.toxorhynchites brevipalpis, a predator on larvae of aedes aegypti and other mosquitos, was successfully colonized in the laboratory. at 25 degrees c, embryonic development was completed within 50 hours of oviposition, while larval and pupal development together took a further 27-41 days. the adult mosquitos mated in cages as small as 15x15x15 cm, and the embryonated eggs were obtained 6-31 days after the adults emerged.19734149530
adult population estimate of toxorhynchites brevipalpis.an estimate of the numbers of adults of the predacious mosquito toxorhynchites brevipalpis was made in a 1-ha biotope in dar es salaam, tanzania, where the population of its larval prey aedes aegypti was high, by means of the mark-release-recapture method. two months after the end of the rainy season, the number of adults was estimated to be 3 500-about 6 times the number of adult a. aegypti in the biotope.19734150432
dopa decarboxylase activity in aedes aegypti: a preadult profile and its subsequent correlation with ovarian development. 19744151553
inheritance of susceptibility to dirofilaria immitis infection in aedes aegypti. 19744152306
growth of venezuelan encephalitis virus and disapperance of coxsackie a, rous sarcoma, herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses following inoculation of aedes aegypti and other mosquitoes. 19744152894
host preference in aedes (stegomyia) mosquitoes in uganda. ii. studies on indoor and outdoor biting and resting behaviour with special reference to aedes aegypti l. 19744152901
interaction between the predator toxorhynchites brevipalpis and its prey aedes aegypti.in a circumscribed area in tanzania where the predacious larvae of toxorhynchites brevipalpis were particularly abundant, it was found that water-filled tires and tins containing toxorhynchites larvae had fewer larvae of aedes aegypti than those without the predator larvae. the peaks of infestation with toxorhynchites larvae occurred almost a month later than the peaks of a. aegypti infestation. cannibalism was observed among the predator larvae in these containers.19734152925
the pattern of flight muscle damage in relation to the distribution of developing filarial larvae in aedes aegypti and mansonia uniformis. 19744155607
survey of the relative prevalence of potential yellow fever vectors in north-west nigeria.the yellow fever epidemic in nigeria in 1969-70 emphasized the lack of data concerning the possible importance of aedes aegypti and other stegomyia mosquitos as vectors. an entomological survey was therefore undertaken in september 1973 in 6 areas in the north-west of nigeria to determine the prevalence of stegomyia populations in the villages. an examination of over 6 700 water pots showed that 11-53% contained a. aegypti larvae, and in some areas larvae of a. vittatus were found in up to 18% o ...19744156499
failure of chlorine and sodium chloride to induce resistance in aedes aegypti to lindane, dieldrin, and ddt. 19654159294
the neurosecretory cells of the brain of aedes aegypti in relation to larval molt, metamorphosis and ovarian development. 19684176378
[on histochemistry and histology of the midintestine of the aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi in reference to the blood digestion]. 19684176382
occurrence of heat-dissociable ribosomal rna in insects: the presence of three polynucleotide chains in 26 s rna from cultured aedes aegypti cells. 19734197338
larval mortality of culex tarsalis and aedes aegypti when reared with different concentrations of tetrahymena pyriformis. 19734198151
[kinetic study of the metabolic effects of a blood meal in aedes aegypti]. 19734208691
the duration of egg, larval and pupal stages of culex pipiens fatigans in rangoon, burma.laboratory experiments to determine the duration of the immature stages of culex pipiens fatigans were carried out because such information is important from the point of view of control by larvicides. at a temperature of 25.1 degrees c+/-0.7 degrees c the mean incubation period is 27.11+/-0.57 hours. females spend a longer time in the pupal stage than males (34.16+/-0.74 hours and 32.95+/-0.75 hours, respectively, at 28.6 degrees c+/-0.8 degrees c; there is no 24-hour pupating or emerging rhyth ...19674227199
[aedes aegypti and yellow fever]. 19684234277
[organization and administration of aedes aegypti control and eradication programs]. 19684234278
[yellow fever and eradication of aedes aegypti]. 19694238707
activity and rhythm of atpases in larvae of the mosquito, aedes aegypti l. 19704250596
a genetic study of apholate resistance in aedes aegypti. 19724263864
effect of apholate and metepa on aedes aegypti infected with venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. 19674283632
multiplication in and transmission by aedes aegypti of vesicular stomatitis virus. 19684302140
behaviour of infectious rna from four different viruses in continuously subcultured aedes aegypti mosquito embryo cells. 19694302398
[multiplication and transmission of the vesicular stomatitis virus by aedes aegypti (l.)]. 19684330972
lipid analysis of aedes aegypti cells cultivated in vitro. 19724335027
morphology and behaviour of cultured aëdes aegypti mosquito cells. 19724345937
can culex pipiens fatigans or aedes aegypti spread smallpox? a preliminary report. 19714348264
[morphogenesis of sindbis virus in intestinal and salivary gland cells of the mosquito aedes aegypti]. 19744366341
morphometric analysis of the midgut of female aedes aegypti (l.) (insecta, diptera) under various physiological conditions. 19744374306
insecticide susceptibility and resistance in populations of anopheles gambiae, culex fatigans and aedes aegypti in southern nigeria. 19664380414
reproductive and immunological characteristics of a strain of aedes aegypti selected for resistance to gamma radiation. 19664382786
aedes aegypti and other mosquitos in relation to the dengue syndrome. 04383543
taxonomy of aedes aegypti and related species. 04383544
experimental studies with chikungunya virus in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. 19674383887
[fine structure of the scolopidia in the johnston organ of aedes aegypti l]. 19674385310
the multiplication of middleburg s and 1 plaque viruses in aëdes aegypti mosquitoes. 19684386019
[metabolites of act. leveris strain 1437-19, larvicidal for mosquite aedes aegypti l., their isolation and properties]. 19684386918
characterization of phospholipase b of culex pipiens fatigans.phospholipase b has been found in the mosquito culex pipiens fatigans, and some of its properties have been studied. the enzyme had a high optimum temperature (45 degrees c) and broad alkaline ph optimum (8-9). it was inactive toward diacylphospholipids, and hydrolyzed lysolecithin at a higher rate than lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine. the enzyme was heat labile, but lysolecithin protected it against heat inactivation. phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, deoxycholate, fe(+++), and hg( ...19694390654
evaluation of compounds for insecticidal activity on adult mosquitos. 3. properties of some n-methylthiolcarbamates.n-methylcarbamates derived from thiophenols possess negligible insecticidal activity against the mosquitos anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti. the probable basic reason for the inactivity is that these compounds are much less efficient inhibitors of cholinesterase than the oxygen analogues.04392937
evaluation of compounds for insecticidal activity on adult mosquitos. 5. toxicity to adult mosquitos and residual properties of some pyrethroids.new pyrethrin-like compounds are compared with earlier synthetic pyrethroids and natural pyrethrins for intrinsic toxicity to adult mosquitos and for residual contact activity. two of the compounds are at least as toxic as pyrethrin i to female anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti. residues of these compounds are very persistent in the dark or in very subdued lighting but they decompose on exposure to normal intensities of daylight and rapidly lose their insecticidal activity.04392939
investigations into yellow fever virus and other arboviruses in the northern regions of kenya.previous studies having shown an appreciable level of yellow fever immunity to exist in northern kenya, further epidemiological and serological surveys were carried out there in 1968 in an attempt to define more clearly the distribution of yellow fever and to locate possible vector and reservoir hosts of the disease; these surveys also provided information on a number of other arboviruses.altogether 436 sera from 5 areas in northern kenya were screened by haemagglutination-inhibition tests with ...19704393661
the behaviour of sub-periodic brugia malayi, buckley and edeson, in anopheles gambiae, giles and aedes aegypti, linnaeus. 19704394270
the distribution of larvae of brugia malayi and brugia pahangi in the flight muscle fibres of aedes aegypti and mansonia uniformis. 19704394923
number of plaque forming units of middelburg virus injected by aedes aegypti during feeding. 19704394996
aëdes aegypti mosquitoes as an experimental model for studies on the ecology and genetics of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. 19714398081
ultrastructural differentiation of the midgut epithelium in female aedes aegypti (l.) (insecta, diptera) imagines. 19714400554
the ultrastructure of midgut epithelium in aedes aegypti (l). (insecta, diptera) males. 19714400767
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