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the mitochondrial genome of the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum).amblyomma americanum is an abundant tick in the southeastern, midwestern, and northeastern united states. it is a vector of multiple diseases, but limited genomic resources are available for it. we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of a single female a. americanum collected in georgia using the illumina platform. the consensus sequence was 14,709 bp long, and the mean coverage across the assembly was >12,000×. all expected tick genomic features were present, including two "tick-box" mo ...201526189992
comparative efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto®) and an oral fluralaner chewable tablet (bravecto®) against tick (dermacentor variabilis and amblyomma americanum) infestations on dogs: a randomised controlled trial.this controlled laboratory study demonstrated the residual speed of efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto(®), bayer) for the control of ticks (dermacentor variabilis, amblyomma americanum) at 6 and 12 hours post-infestation on dogs when compared to oral fluralaner (bravecto(®), merck). dogs were randomised by pre-treatment tick counts: group 1) imidacloprid 10 % (w/w)/flumethrin 4.5 % (w/w) collar, 2) fluralaner (dosage 25.1 - 49.4 mg/kg), and 3) non-treated controls. ticks (50/ ...201526152411
comparative efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto®) and an oral afoxolaner chewable (nexgard®) against tick (dermacentor variabilis and amblyomma americanum) infestations on dogs: a randomised controlled trial.this randomised controlled laboratory study demonstrated the residual speed of efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto(®), bayer) for the control of ticks (dermacentor variabilis, amblyomma americanum) at 6 and 12 hours postinfestation on dogs when compared to oral afoxolaner (nexgard(®), merial). dogs were randomised by pre-treatment tick counts: group 1) imidacloprid 10 % (w/w) / flumethrin 4.5 % (w/w) collar, 2) afoxolaner chewable (dosage 3.1 - 6.2 mg/kg), and 3) non-treated c ...201526152410
attempts to feed larval amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodidae) on three different arthropod hosts. 201526047205
modeling the biotic and abiotic factors that describe the number of active off-host amblyomma americanum larvae.amblyomma americanum (l.) is a three-host tick that spends most of its life off-host and is an important vector of pathogens in the eastern united states. our objectives were to develop a predictive statistical model that describes the number of active, off-host larvae from 2007 to 2011 and to determine the environmental variables associated with this pattern. data used in this study came from monitoring conducted in northeast missouri in which off-host ticks were collected from a permanent plot ...201526047177
tickbot: a novel robotic device for controlling tick populations in the natural environment.a semi-autonomous 4-wheeled robot (tickbot) was fitted with a denim cloth treated with an acaricide (permethrin™) and tested for its ability to control ticks in a tick-infested natural environment in portsmouth, virginia. the robot's sensors detect a magnetic field signal from a guide wire encased in 80m polyethylene tubing, enabling the robot to follow the trails, open areas and other terrain where the tubing was located. to attract ticks to the treated area, co2 was distributed through the sam ...201525499615
multiplex qpcr assay for identification and differentiation of amblyomma americanum, amblyomma cajennense, and amblyomma maculatum (ixodida: ixodidae) tick species in the eastern united states.many ticks of the genus amblyomma are vectors of human pathogens, and the correct species identification is medically and epidemiologically important. morphological identification is time-consuming and requires a high level of expertise. identification of engorged, immature, or damaged ticks and the differentiation of closely related species remain problematic. here, we report the development of a real-time taqman assay for the genomic identification and differentiation of amblyomma americanum ( ...201425118411
expression of bovine genes associated with local and systemic immune response to infestation with the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum.the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum linnaeus 1758 (acari; ixodidae), causes considerable production losses to the southern u.s. cattle industry due to reduced weight, infertility, secondary infections at bite wound sites, damaged hides, and potentially death, as these ticks tend to infest livestock in large numbers. increasing environmental concerns, along with the potential for chemical residue in food products, have led to more emphasis on alternative tick control strategies, such as sele ...201425108787
suppression of amblyomma americanum (ixodida: ixodidae) for short-term field operations utilizing cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin.tick-borne diseases pose significant risks to u.s. military personnel who conduct operations, both domestic and abroad. to determine the feasibility of protecting personnel from tick vectors during short-term field deployments, acaricides cypermethrin (demon wp, syngenta, greensboro, nc) and lambda-cyhalothrin (surrender pestabs, csi, pasadena, tx) were applied to plots within two separate field sites on camp blanding joint training center in starke, fl, from may to june 2011. we analyzed their ...201424897866
solvent, drying time, and substrate affect the responses of lone star ticks (acari: ixodidae) to the repellents deet and picaridin.behavioral bioassays remain a standard tool in the discovery, development, and registration of arthropod repellents. tick repellent bioassays are generally uncomplicated, but their results can be affected by basic variables (e.g., dimensions of testing materials, substrate, timing, temperature) of the assay. using lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.), nymphs in climbing bioassays, we tested for the effects of substrate, solvent, and drying time on tick responses. in dose-response tests, the ...201424897855
occurrence and county-level distribution of ticks (acari: ixodoidea) in nebraska using passive surveillance.a 100 yr (1911-2011) examination of tick submissions was compiled from the u.s. national tick collection and three state databases to determine tick species occurrence in nebraska sixteen tick species were identified including amblyomma americanum (l.), dermacentor variabilis (say), dermacentor albipictus (packard), dermacentor andersoni stiles, haemaphysalis leporispalustris (packard), rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille), and otobius megrini (dughs). amblyomma maculatum koch and ixodes scapula ...201424724283
tick community composition in midwestern us habitats in relation to sampling method and environmental conditions.the ranges of many tick species are changing due to climate change and human alteration of the landscape. understanding tick responses to environmental conditions and how sampling method influences measurement of tick communities will improve our assessment of human disease risk. we compared tick sampling by three collection methods (dragging, co2 trapping and rodent surveys) in adjacent forested and grassland habitats in the lower midwest, usa, and analyzed the relationship between tick abundan ...201424705853
a case of tick-bite-induced red meat allergy.delayed hypersensitivity disorders and food allergies are often challenging for the clinician and patient alike. a recent discovery of an ige antibody specific to galactose-α-1,3-galactose, which is a carbohydrate abundantly expressed on cells and tissues of beef, pork, and lamb, adds one more tool to aid the clinician in making the appropriate diagnosis. a link has been discovered between the bite of the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum) and the development of sensitivity to galactose-α-1,3 ...201424690977
notes from the field: heartland virus disease - united states, 2012-2013.heartland virus is a newly identified phlebovirus that was first isolated from two northwestern missouri farmers hospitalized with fever, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia in 2009. based on the patients' clinical findings and their reported exposures, the virus was suspected to be transmitted by ticks. after this discovery, cdc worked with state and local partners to define the ecology and modes of transmission of heartland virus, develop diagnostic assays, and identify additional cases to descri ...201424670929
what's eating you? turkey mite and lone star tick (amblyomma americanum). 201424605342
ixodid ticks associated with feral swine in texas.ixodid ticks were collected from feral swine in eight texas ecoregions from 2008-2011. sixty-two percent of 806 feral swine were infested with one or more of the following species: amblyomma americanum, a. cajennense, a. maculatum, dermacentor albipictus, d. halli, d. variabilis, and ixodes scapularis. juvenile and adult feral swine of both sexes were found to serve as host to ixodid ticks. longitudinal surveys of feral swine at four geographic locations show persistent year-round tick infestati ...201324581367
the ticks (acari: ixodida: argasidae, ixodidae) of bolivia.the tick species reported in bolivia are reviewed here as (1) endemic or established: ornithodoros echimys, o. guaporensis, o. hasei, o. kohlsi, o. mimon, o. peropteryx, o. rostratus, otobius megnini, amblyomma auricularium, a. cajennense, a. calcaratum, a. coelebs, a. dubitatum, a. humerale, a. incisum, a. longirostre, a. naponense, a. nodosum, a. oblongoguttatum, a. ovale, a. parvitarsum, a. parvum, a. pecarium, a. pseudoconcolor, a. rotundatum, a. scalpturatum, a. tigrinum, a. triste, dermace ...201424406053
comparative proteomics for the characterization of the most relevant amblyomma tick species as vectors of zoonotic pathogens worldwide.ticks transmit zoonotic pathogens worldwide. nevertheless, very little information is available on their genome, transcriptome and proteome. herein, we characterized the proteome of amblyomma americanum adults and nymphs because of their role in pathogen transmission and compared the proteome of a. americanum, a. cajennense and a. variegatum adult ticks. we also used de novo sequencing proteomics data for the analysis of the phylogenetic relationships between the three amblyomma spp. in a proof ...201424382551
arthropod bites.the phylum arthropoda includes arachnids and insects. although their bites typically cause only local reactions, some species are venomous or transmit disease. the two medically important spiders in the united states are widow spiders (latrodectus), the bite of which causes intense muscle spasms, and the brown recluse (loxosceles), which may cause skin necrosis. widow bites usually respond to narcotics, benzodiazepines, or, when necessary, antivenom. most recluse bites resolve uneventfully witho ...201324364549
activity of the plant-based repellent, tt-4302 against the ticks amblyomma americanum, dermacentor variabilis, ixodes scapularis and rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae).the plant-based repellent tt-4302 (5 % geraniol) was compared to deet (15 %) in laboratory two-choice bioassays against the ticks amblyomma americanum, dermacentor variabilis, ixodes scapularis, and rhipicephalus sanguineus. at 2.5 and 3.5 h after treatment of filter paper with tt-4302, 100 % repellency was observed for all species at both time points with the exception of i. scapularis at the 3.5 h evaluation where repellency was 95.8 %. deet was 100 % repellent at both time points for d. varia ...201423907554
a conceptual model of the amblyomma americanum life cycle in northeast missouri.the geographic distribution of amblyomma americanum (the lone star tick) has increased as has its role as a pathogen vector. the objectives of this study were to determine seasonal activity patterns of each life stage of a. americanum in the northwestern part of the species range and the relationship of these activity patterns among life stages and degree days. tick activity was monitored over four years since 2007 in a forest and old field habitat located in northeast missouri. every other week ...201323701610
the effects of solenopsis invicta (hymenoptera: formicidae) and burned habitat on the survival of amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae) and amblyomma maculatum (acari: ixodidae).identifying ways in which humans can reduce tick populations is important for preventing the spread and emergence of diseases. during a recent study on effects of long-term prescribed burning on ticks, differences in species composition were observed with lone star ticks, amblyomma americanum (l.), preferring unburned habitats and gulf coast ticks, amblyomma maculatum (koch), preferring burned habitats. interestingly, the red imported fire ant, solenopsis invicta buren, is found predominantly in ...201323540113
lone star tick (acari: ixodidae) occurrence in nebraska: historical and current perspectives.in 2010 and 2011, field collections were undertaken to determine the geographic range of the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.), in nebraska in addition, tick identifications from submissions by the general public dating to 1911 were examined. consistent lone star tick identifications from extreme southeast nebraska began in 1987. specimens have been identified from 27 counties, making lone star ticks the second most frequently and second most widely reported tick in the state after derma ...201323540110
knowledge and prevention of tick-borne diseases vary across an urban-to-rural human land-use gradient.we sought to determine the behavioral risk of exposure to tick-borne diseases across a human land-use gradient in a region endemic for diseases transmitted by the lone star tick. we measured the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors of visitors to 14 suburban, exurban, and rural recreational parks. a structured interview was conducted to determine respondents' (n=238) knowledge of tick-borne disease risk, perceived susceptibility to tick-borne disease, and tick bite prevention behaviors ...201323538110
bioactivity-guided investigation of geranium essential oils as natural tick repellents.the evaluation of 10 essential oils of geranium, pelargonium graveolens (geraniaceae), were all shown to have repellent activity against nymphs of the medically important lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.). the biological tests were carried out using a vertical filter paper bioassay, where ticks must cross an area of the paper treated with repellent to approach host stimuli. one of the essential oil samples that repelled >90% of the ticks at 0.103 mg/cm(2) was selected for further fractio ...201323528036
effects of infection by arsenophonus and rickettsia bacteria on the locomotive ability of the ticks amblyomma americanum, dermacentor variabilis, and ixodes scapularis.the goal of this study was to determine the effect of vertically transmitted arsenophonus and rickettsia bacteria on locomotive ability of larvae of three eastern north american tick species: amblyomma americanum, dermacentor variabilis, and ixodes scapularis. we conducted two different experiments on flat or inclined surfaces to measure tick motility. in each experiment, a moderately heated surface was used and placed at a selected incline. the individual's path across the surface was traced fo ...201323427665
efficacy of amitraz-impregnated collars on white-tailed deer (artiodactyla: cervidae) in reducing free-living populations of lone star ticks (acari: ixodidae).over a 7 yr period, we monitored the effect of a commercially available, amitraz impregnated anti-tick collar in controlling free-living populations of lone star ticks, amblyomma americanum (l.) when manually fitted around necks of white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus (zimmermann). study animals in treatment and control groups were confined in 38.8 ha game-fenced and densely vegetated treatment plots in south texas. tick densities during years 1 and 7 served as untreated pre- and posttreatm ...201223356088
relationship between habitat type, fire frequency, and amblyomma americanum populations in east-central alabama.ticks were collected from 20 sites in the calhoun, cherokee, and cleburne counties in east-central alabama areas to determine the relationship between plant physiognomy, environmental variables, and tick populations. sites investigated included various burning regimes, wildland-urban-interface (wui), a college campus, and an unmanaged area. amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodidae) dominated the tick population while ixodes scapularis say was not encountered. there were complex differences in ...201223181862
responses of amblyomma americanum and dermacentor variabilis to odorants that attract haematophagous insects.carbon dioxide (co(2) ), 1-octen-3-ol, acetone, ammonium hydroxide, l-lactic-acid, dimethyl trisulphide and isobutyric acid were tested as attractants for two tick species, amblyomma americanum and dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae), in dose-response bioassays using y-tube olfactometers. only co(2) , acetone, 1-octen-3-ol and ammonium hydroxide elicited significant preferences from adult a. americanum, and only co(2) was attractive to adult d. variabilis. acetone, 1-octen-3-ol and ammonium ...201322681499
development of a mitochondrial 12s rdna analysis for distinguishing sciuridae species with potential to transmit ehrlichia and borrelia species to feeding amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae).unique oligonucleotide probes were synthesized to distinguish among closely related vertebrate mitochondrial rdna sequences present in residual bloodmeals in emergent amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodidae) nymph life-stage ticks. use of these probes enabled the identification of the eastern gray squirrel as an important bloodmeal source in nymphs harboring ehrlichia and borrelia species. these results were confirmed by identifying these same bacterial genera in eastern gray squirrel tissues ...201222679888
reverse line blot probe design and polymerase chain reaction optimization for bloodmeal analysis of ticks from the eastern united states.determining the host preference of vector ticks is vital to elucidating the eco-epidemiology of the diseases they spread. detachment of ticks from captured hosts can provide evidence of feeding on those host species, but only for those species that are feasible to capture. recently developed, highly sensitive molecular assays show great promise in allowing host selection to be determined from minute traces of host dna that persist in recently molted ticks. using methods developed in europe as a ...201222679879
presence, genetic variability, and potential significance of "candidatus midichloria mitochondrii" in the lone star tick amblyomma americanum.we used next generation sequencing to detect the bacterium "candidatus midichloria mitochondrii" for the first time in lone star ticks (amblyomma americanum) from the eastern united states. 177 individuals and 11 tick pools from seven sites in four states were tested by pyrosequencing with barcoded 16s rrna gene eubacterial primers targeting variable regions 5-3. average infection prevalence was 0.15 across all surveyed populations (range 0-0.29) and only the site with the smallest sample size ( ...201222678102
plane of nutrition by tick-burden interaction in cattle: effect on growth and metabolism.ticks are external parasites, which pose a significant economic burden to domestic animal agriculture. the effects of ticks on grazing animals may be exacerbated during periods of low nutrition, such as those encountered during drought. it is not completely understood how plane of nutrition and tick burden interact to affect metabolism in cattle. the objective of the current research was to examine the plane of nutrition by tick-burden interaction in cattle and determine the effects of this inte ...201222665634
insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7, a member of insulin-like growth factor signal pathway, involved in immune response of small abalone haliotis diversicolor.insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (igfbp7), the only member of the igfbp superfamily that binds strongly to insulin, may have different functions from other igfbps. unlike other igfbps, there is no knowledge available on aquatic invertebrate igfbp7. in this study, a molluscan igfbp7 gene, saigfbp7, was cloned for the first time from the small abalone haliotis diversicolor. its full-length cdna sequence is 1812 bp, with a 720 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 239 aa. the mole ...201222584203
expression and regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) in feeding american dog ticks, dermacentor variabilis.macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by many mammalian tissues. it is also found in ticks and may function to aid the tick in regulating host responses to tick feeding. our hypothesis is that mif functions in tick blood meal acquisition and pathogen transmission. this study was performed to understand the expression and regulation of mif in the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis during early stages of blood feeding. we used quantitative reve ...201222476444
the ecology of fear: host foraging behavior varies with the spatio-temporal abundance of a dominant ectoparasite.prey engage in myriad behaviors to avoid predation, and these indirect effects of predators on their prey are often measured by the amount of food abandoned by a forager (the "giving-up density", or gud) in a given habitat. recent evidence suggests that hosts may engage in comparable behaviors to avoid exposure to parasites. we investigated changes in local foraging and regional space use by mammal hosts for the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum), using guds as an indicator of the perceived r ...201222311098
efficacy of plant-derived and synthetic compounds on clothing as repellents against ixodes scapularis and amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae).we conducted field trials to compare the relative repellent activity of two natural product compounds (nootkatone and carvacrol) with commercially available plant-derived (ecosmart organic insect repellent) and permethrin-based (repel permanone) repellents against adult ixodes scapularis say and amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodidae) by using treated coveralls. one day after treatment, nootkatone and carvacrol provided 100% repellency of i. scapularis adults, with nootkatone maintaining com ...201222308777
experimental use of two standard tick collection methods to evaluate the relative effectiveness of several plant-derived and synthetic repellents against ixodes scapularis and amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae).we used two standard tick collection methods to test the relative effectiveness of two natural product compounds (nootkatone and carvacrol, classified as an eremophilene sesquiterpene and a monoterpene, respectively, that are derived from botanical sources) with commercially-available plant-derived (ecosmart organic insect repellent, comprised of plant essential oils) and permethrin-based (repel permanone) repellents against ixodes scapularis say and amblyomma americanum (l.). cloth drags were e ...201122299371
investigating the adult ixodid tick populations and their associated anaplasma, ehrlichia, and rickettsia bacteria at a rocky mountain spotted fever hotspot in western tennessee.ehrlichiosis and rickettsiosis are two common bacterial tick-borne diseases in the southeastern united states. ehrlichiosis is caused by ehrlichiae transmitted by amblyomma americanum and rickettsiosis is caused by rickettsiae transmitted by amblyomma maculatum and dermacentor variabilis. these ticks are common and have overlapping distributions in the region. the objective of this study was to identify anaplasma, ehrlichia, and rickettsia species associated with questing ticks in a rocky mounta ...201728598270
prevalence of cytauxzoon felis infection in healthy free-roaming cats in north-central oklahoma and central iowa.case summary cytauxzoonosis is a tick-borne disease of cats, and oklahoma (ok), usa, is considered an enzootic state. to determine the prevalence of cytauxzoon felis, blood was collected from free-roaming cats, as they are frequently exposed to tick vectors. our objective was to determine the prevalence of c felis infection in free-roaming cats in north-central oklahoma and central iowa (ia). infection with c felis was determined using dna extracted from blood and pcr amplification. blood was co ...201728491429
prevalence of babesia spp., ehrlichia spp., and tick infestations in oklahoma black bears (ursus americanus).american black bears (ursus americanus) are commonly infested with ticks throughout their range, but there are few surveys for tick-borne disease agents in bears. to characterize tick infestations and determine the prevalence of current infection with babesia spp. and past or current infection with ehrlichia spp. in newly re-established populations of black bears in east central and southeastern oklahoma, we identified adult (n=1,048) and immature (n=107) ticks recovered from bears (n=62). we ev ...201728657860
transcriptional profiling of rickettsia prowazekii coding and non-coding transcripts during in vitro host-pathogen and vector-pathogen interactions.natural pathogen transmission of rickettsia prowazekii, the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, to humans is associated with arthropods, including human body lice, ticks, and ectoparasites of eastern flying squirrel. recently, we have documented the presence of small rnas in rickettsia species and expression of r. prowazekii srnas during infection of cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (hmecs), which represent the primary target cells during human infections. bacterial noncoding trans ...201728709615
vector competence of amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae) for rickettsia rickettsii.rickettsia rickettsii - the etiologic agent of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) - is widely spread across the americas. in the us, dermacentor spp. ticks are identified as primary vectors of r. rickettsii and rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. has been implicated in transmission of this pathogen in several locations in the southwest. conversely, ticks of the genus amblyomma are recognized vectors of rmsf in central and south america, but not in the us. a. americanum is one of the most aggressive h ...201728433728
isolation of rickettsia amblyommatis in huvec line.rickettsia amblyommatis, formerly named rickettsia amblyommii and 'candidatus rickettsia amblyommii' is an intracellular bacterium belonging to the spotted fever group rickettsia. it is highly prevalent in amblyomma americanum and in other amblyomma spp. throughout the western hemisphere. r. amblyommatis has been cultivated in chicken fibroblast, primary embryonated chicken eggs, vero cells and arthropod-derived cells. because of the affinity of rickettsiae to invade vascular endothelial cells, ...201829321939
surveillance for tick-borne viruses near the location of a fatal human case of bourbon virus (family orthomyxoviridae: genus thogotovirus) in eastern kansas, 2015.bourbon virus (family orthomyxoviridae: genus thogotovirus) was first isolated from a human case-patient residing in bourbon county, kansas, who subsequently died. before becoming ill in late spring of 2014, the patient reported several tick bites. in response, we initiated tick surveillance in bourbon county and adjacent southern linn county during spring and summer of 2015. we collected 20,639 host-seeking ticks representing four species from 12 sites. amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodida ...201829365128
tick-host range adaptation: changes in protein profiles in unfed adult ixodes scapularis and amblyomma americanum saliva stimulated to feed on different hosts.understanding the molecular basis of how ticks adapt to feed on different animal hosts is central to understanding tick and tick-borne disease (tbd) epidemiology. there is evidence that ticks differentially express specific sets of genes when stimulated to start feeding. this study was initiated to investigate if ticks such as ixodes scapularis and amblyomma americanum that are adapted to feed on multiple hosts utilized the same sets of proteins to prepare for feeding. we exposed i. scapularis a ...201729312895
morphometric analysis of chemoreception organ in male and female ticks (acari: ixodidae).the haller's organ plays a crucial role in a tick's ability to detect hosts. even though this sensory organ is vital to tick survival, the morphology of this organ is not well understood. the objective of this study was to characterize variation in the morphological components of the haller's organ of three medically important tick species using quantitative methods. the haller's organs of ixodes scapularis say (ixodida: ixodidae) (black-legged tick), amblyomma americanum (l.) (ixodida: ixodidae ...201729309667
a survey of tick species in a recently reintroduced elk ( cervus elaphus canadensis) population in southeastern kentucky with potential implications for interstate translocation of zoonotic disease vectors.in the late 20th century, elk ( cervus elaphus canadensis) were reintroduced into southeastern kentucky, us. this population has since been used as a stock population for additional elk reintroductions in other eastern states. although reintroduction and translocation practices are effective, they can disseminate vectors and pathogens. therefore, we surveyed tick species residing on elk hosts a decade after elk reintroduction in kentucky by examining 263 captured individuals (female=86; male=177 ...201729286258
identification and characterization of proteins in the amblyomma americanum tick cement cone.the adaptation of hard ticks to feed for long periods is facilitated by the cement cone, which securely anchors the tick mouthparts onto host skin and protects the tick from being groomed off by the host. thus, preventing tick cement deposition is an attractive target for the development of innovative tick control. we used lc-ms/ms sequencing to identify 160 amblyomma americanum tick cement proteins that include glycine-rich proteins (grp, 19%), protease inhibitors (12%), proteins of unknown fun ...201729258831
evaluation of four commercial natural products for repellency and toxicity against the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae).lone star ticks are aggressive ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals, as well as humans. these ticks can transmit many pathogens that cause disease including erhlichia and tularemia. common compounds used for personal protection and area sprays are n-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide (deet) and permethrin, but public concern over personal and environmental safety require the development of new, safer products. in the current study, four commercially available products (wondercide, essentria ic3, v ...201729168105
bourbon virus in field-collected ticks, missouri, usa.bourbon virus (brbv) was first isolated in 2014 from a resident of bourbon county, kansas, usa, who died of the infection. in 2015, an ill payne county, oklahoma, resident tested positive for antibodies to brbv, before fully recovering. we retrospectively tested for brbv in 39,096 ticks from northwestern missouri, located 240 km from bourbon county, kansas. we detected brbv in 3 pools of amblyomma americanum (l.) ticks: 1 pool of male adults and 2 pools of nymphs. detection of brbv in a. america ...201729148395
distribution and host associations of ixodid ticks collected from wildlife in florida, usa.a tick survey was conducted to document tick-host associations with florida (usa) wildlife, and to determine the relative abundance and distribution of ixodid ticks throughout the state. the survey was conducted using collection kits distributed to licensed florida hunters as well as the examination of archived specimens from ongoing state wildlife research programs. collected tick samples were obtained from 66% of florida counties and were collected from nine wildlife hosts, including black bea ...201729110170
laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in north america.effective control of tick infestations on dogs is important to reduce the risk of transmission of bacterial, viral, and protozoal pathogens. laboratory studies were initiated to determine the efficacy of lotilaner against common ticks infesting dogs in the united states.201729089057
a tick-acquired red meat allergy: a case series.allergic reaction is a common clinical picture in the emergency department (ed). most allergic reactions are from food or drugs. a detailed history is an integral aspect of determining the causative agent of an allergy. galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) allergy is a tick-acquired red meat allergy that causes delayed-onset allergic reaction or anaphylaxis due to molecular mimicry. alpha-gal allergy may not be widely known as a cause of allergic reactions. lack of universal awareness of th ...201729074067
botanical compound p-anisaldehyde repels larval lone star tick (acari: ixodidae), and halts reproduction by gravid adults.the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.), widely distributed across eastern, southeastern, and midwestern regions of the united states and south into mexico, is an obligate blood feeder that attaches to three hosts during the larval, nymphal, and adult stages. white-tailed deer and wild turkey are common hosts, as well as a wide variety of other avian and mammalian hosts. amblyomma americanum is the most frequently reported species of tick to bite humans in the southeastern and southcentral ...201829029346
retrospective case reports of two central north carolina residents: frequency of tick bites and associated illnesses, 2001-2014.background tick bites are a source of illness and disease agents that may lead to morbidity and occasional fatalities in north carolina. public health interest in tick-borne illness and disease has increased due to continuing discoveries of tick-borne diseases and their increasing geographic spread and disease incidence. there are no data published on lay individuals with cumulative tick bites and associated illnesses over a period of years.methods we learned of a married couple living on a cent ...201728576950
involvement of invasive eastern red cedar (juniperus virginiana) in the expansion of amblyomma americanum in oklahoma. 201728504442
response to the letter to the editor by rob armstrong.in a recent letter to the editor, armstrong raises concern that the design of the study reported by six et al. was not consistent with the product label for treatment of amblyomma americanum, since fluralaner was not re-administered 56 days after the initial treatment. the authors disagree with this assessment and confirm that the design was appropriate, and therefore the results and conclusions for the entire study period are valid.201728446205
efficacy of amitraz applied to white-tailed deer by the '4-poster' topical treatment device in controlling free-living lone star ticks (acari: ixodidae).white-tailed deer treated themselves with a commercial pour-on acaricide formulation containing 2% amitraz as they fed from an ars-patented '4-poster' topical treatment device. whole kernel corn attracted deer to a single device placed in each of two deer-fenced pastures. in the treatment pasture, the rollers of the treatment device were charged with the acaricide, whereas the rollers of the device in the other pasture remained untreated. deer were allowed to use the '4-posters' during periods o ...200011126544
abundance, attachment sites, and density estimators of lone star ticks (acari: ixodidae) infesting white-tailed deer. 19883404547
effect of age, application date, and life stage on the susceptibility of free-living lone star ticks (acari: ixodidae) to acaricides. 19846210315
age and susceptibility of nymphal lone star ticks to selected ixodicides. 19725008957
further observations on the control of lone star ticks (acarina: ixodidae) through integrated control procedures. 19715153597
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