Publications

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assessment of blood collection from the lateral saphenous vein for microfilaria counts in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) infected with brugia pahangi.the nih guidelines for survival bleeding of mice and rats note that using the retroorbital plexus has a greater potential for complications than do other methods of blood collection and that this procedure should be performed on anesthetized animals. lateral saphenous vein puncture has a low potential for complications and can be performed without anesthesia. mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) are the preferred rodent model for filarial parasite research. to monitor microfilaria counts in ...026678366
what does not kill them makes them stronger: larval environment and infectious dose alter mosquito potential to transmit filarial worms.for organisms with complex life cycles, larval environments can modify adult phenotypes. for mosquitoes and other vectors, when physiological impacts of stressors acting on larvae carry over into the adult stage they may interact with infectious dose of a vector-borne pathogen, producing a range of phenotypes for vector potential. investigation of impacts of a common source of stress, larval crowding and intraspecific competition, on adult vector interactions with pathogens may increase our unde ...024827444
a preliminary account of the transmission, maintenance and laboratory vectors of brugia pahangi. 196013725689
developmental stages of brugia pahangi in the final host. 196213976564
morphology of the microfilaria of brugia pahangi and of the larval stages in the mosquito. 196213976565
comparative migration of microfilariae and development of brugia pahangi in various mosquitoes. 196514270450
exsheathment of the microfilariae of brugia pahangi in susceptible and refractory mosquitoes. 196514270451
the application of fluorescent-antibody test to microfilariae of brugia pahangi. 196514303094
fate of transplanted third-stage brugia pahangi larvae in normally susceptible and nonsusceptible mosquito hosts. 196514275701
culex pipiens molestus as a laboratory vector of brugia pahangi. 19655857281
american cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) as an experimental host for brugia pahangi. 19655857267
studies on filariasis. i. the migration of the infective larvae of brugia pahangi in aedes togoi and their loss from the mosquito under experimental conditions. 19665962368
the "innenkorper" in differentiation between the microfilanriae of brugia pahangi and b. malayi (sub-periodic form). 19664224563
studies on the transfer of infective brugia pahangi larvae from vector mosquitoes to the mammalian host. 19676031937
a chronological study of the histopathology of filarial disease in cats and dogs caused by brugia pahangi (buckley and edeson, 1956). 19676047758
the fate of brugia pahangi larvae immediately after feeding by infective vector mosquitoes. 19676055557
the toxicity of 6, mercaptopurine (6mp) to albino guinea pigs, and the determination of a workable dose of 6 mp in the transmission of the filarial worm brugia pahangi to albino guinea-pigs. 19685678924
abnormally long microfilariae found in brugia pahangi and sub-periodic b. malayi infections. 19684234373
observations on the survival rate of armigeres subalbatus after being fed on hosts with different levels of micro-filariae of brugia pahangi. 19684386489
the nutrition of developing larvae of brugia pahangi and b. malayi in aedes aegypti. 19695789095
microfilarial levels in cats infected with brugia pahangi by two alternative routes. 19695824282
the laboratory infection of culex pipiens complex with brugia pahangi. 19695820855
direct lymphangiography in dogs infected with brugia pahangi (buckley and edeson 1956). 19705442078
development of brugia pahangi in the jird, meriones unguiculatus, with notes on infections in other rodents. 19704396173
the effect of infection with brugia pahangi on the flight of aedes aegypti. 19705498784
mode of nutrition of the larvae of the filarial nematode brugia pahangi. 19704392389
the distribution of larvae of brugia malayi and brugia pahangi in the flight muscle fibres of aedes aegypti and mansonia uniformis. 19704394923
a method of differentiating brugia pahangi larvae from b. malayi larvae. 19715556738
mortality of various genotypes of the mosquito aedes aegypti following the uptake of microfilariae of brugia pahangi. 19715575898
ultrastructural morphology of the esophageal region of the infective larva of brugia pahangi (nematoda: filarioidea). 19715090953
preferential susceptibility of male jirds (meriones unguiculatus) to infection with brugia pahangi. 19715105963
the preservation of brugia pahangi microfilariae at sub-zero temperatures and their subsequent development to the adult stage. 19715145116
the effect of metrifonate on brugia pahangi infections in domestic cats.metrifonate, an organophosphorus compound, caused a decline in the number of microfilariae in domestic cats experimentally infected with brugia pahangi. it was found that the drug was active against both microfilariae and macrofilariae, but probably its greatest effect was on the macrofilarial stages. it is suggested that the drug should be used in filarial infections of man on a trial basis.19715317080
the microfilarial periodicity of brugia pahangi in white rats. 19715092417
responses in lymph nodes of cats infected with brugia pahangi. 19725048081
studies with brugia pahangi. i. parasitological observations on primary infections of cats (felis catus). 19724652610
differentiation between periodic and subperiodic brugia malayi and brugia pahangi on the basis of microfilarial sheath-casting in vitro. 19724656450
brugia pahangi in small laboratory animals: the screening of infection rate. 19724119893
fluorescent antibody studies in cats infected with brugia pahangi. 19724558674
oral transmission of brugia pahangi to jirds (meriones unguiculatus). 19724563025
studies with brugia pahangi. ii. the effect of repeated infection on parasite levels in cats. 19724661475
susceptibility to brugia pahangi in geographic strains of aedes aegypti. 19734684889
development of brugia pahangi in the flight muscles of aedes togoi. ultrastructural changes in the infected muscle fibers and the infecting filarial larvae. 19734688414
differential development of brugia pahangi in laboratory strains of aedes aegypti. 19734707755
mongolian jirds (meriones unguiculatus) infected with brugia pahangi by the intraperitoneal route: a rich source of developing larvae, adult filariae, and microfilariae. 19734711663
brugia pahangi in small laboratory animals: attempts to increase susceptibility of white rats to brugia pahangi by host selection. 19734718131
brugia pahangi: infections and their effect on the lymphatic system of mongolian jirds (meriones unguiculatus). 19734773577
the white rat and golden hamster as experimental hosts for brugia pahangi and subperiodic brugia malayi. 19734787649
brugia pahangi in small laboratory animals: the microfilarial periodicity. 19734787650
orally transmitted brugia pahangi in jirds (meriones unguiculatus). 19734788760
escape of infective larvae of brugia pahangi from aedes aegypti into water. 19734788761
chronic brugia pahangi and brugia malayi infections in meriones unguiculatus. 19734123106
1. the effect of heparin on the migration of brugia pahangi microfilariae culex pipiens. 2. the uptake of b. pahangi microfilariae in c. pipiens and the infectivity of c. pipiens in relation to microfilarial densities. 3. evidence of a sex-linked recessive gene, sb, controlling susceptibility c. pipiens to b. pahangi. 19734149674
an 18-month longitudinal lymphographic study of filarial diseases in dogs infected with brugia pahangi (buckley and edeson, 1956). 19734353079
studies on filariasis. ii. brugia pahangi: the escape of infective larvae from the mosquito. 19734775754
development of brugia pahangi in male mosquitoes. 19734687507
comparative biochemical studies of litomosoides carinii, dipetalonema viteae, and brugia pahangi adults. 19744856594
brugia pahangi infections in mongolian jirds and dogs following the ocular inoculation of infective larvae. 19744850833
studies with brugia pahangi. 5. structure of the cuticle. 19744854503
studies with brugia pahangi. 6. the susceptibility of male and female cats to infection. 19744854504
the development of brugia pahangi in male aedes aegypti of "refractory" genotype. 19744854716
proceedings: effects of pharyngeal armature of mosquitoes on microfilariae of brugia pahangi. 19744150464
studies with brugia pahangi. 4. antibodies against adult and microfilarial stages. 19744605180
proceedings: xeroradiography - a new technique for the study of lymphatic pathology in cats infected with brugia pahangi. 19744419503
differential uptake of tritiated thymidine and adenine by the mosquito aedes aegypti infected with the filarial nematode brugia pahangi. 19744420187
a simple method for isolation of brugia pahangi and brugia malayi microfilariae. 19744430538
effects of temperature on development of brugia pahangi in a susceptible strain of aedes aegypti. 19744436753
studies with brugia pahangi 8. infections in macaca mulatta. 19744448889
letter: brugia pahangi in golden hamsters. 19744460303
the effect of infection with brugia pahangi and dirofilaria repens on the egg-production of aedes aegypti. 19744480018
morphological changes of spermatozoa in the uterus and glandular vas deferens of brugia pahangi. 19744814786
development of the filarial nematode, brugia pahangi, in aedes aegypti mosquitoes: nondependence upon host hormones. 19744814787
successful jird-to-jird transfer of juvenile brugia pahangi. 19744833855
studies with brugia pahangi 10. an attempt to demonstrate the sharing of antigenic determinants between the worm and its hosts.infective stage brugia pahangi that were reared in aedes aegypti survived equally well in cats that had previously been immunized against mosquito tissue and in a normal cat. the survival of third, fourth, juvenile, adult and microfilarial stages of b. pahangi that were recovered from cats was similar in jirds that had been immunized against cat antigens and in normal jirds. host antigenic determinants were not detected on the surface of larvae in substantial amounts using fluorescent antibody t ...197550339
brugia pahangi: effects upon the flight capability of aedes aegypti. 19751149863
developmental effects of brugia pahangi (nematoda: filarioidea) to high temperature in susceptible genotypes of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 19751195293
the effects of stibophen on phosphofructokinases and aldolases of adult filariids.trivalent organic antimonials, such as stibophen, have been employed for the chemotherapy of schistosome and filariid infections. the effects of stibophen on adult litomosoides carinii, dipetalonema witei (= viteae), and brugia pahangi were examined. in vitro, lactate accumulation was markedly inhibited by the antimonials as was phosphofructokinase activities in homogenates. incubation of filariids with stibophen and determination of internal concentrations of hexose phosphate also indicated a d ...1975171364
comparison of counting chamber sasa and standard smear methods of counting brugia pahangi microfilariae from cat blood. 197556783
studies with brugia pahangi. iii: histological changes in the affected lymph nodes of infected cats.cats infected with brugia pahangi by single or repeated inoculation of infective larvae for different periods of time, were autopsied and the affected lymph nodes examined histologically, stained with methyl green and pyronin y, haematoxylin and eosin, lendrum's eosinophil stain, mallory's trichrome stain or the may-grunwald giemsa technique. in single infections, there was initially a cell-mediated type immunological response which was characterized by proliferation of mononuclear thymus-depend ...19751079129
studies on brugia pahangi 9. the longevity of microfilariae transfused from cat to cat.microfilariae in whole uncentrifuged cat blood were transfused from infected to normal cats. the recipient cats were bled frequently and the life-span of the microfilariae in the peripheral circulation was determined; the life-span on microfilariae in different cats was ver variable. microfilariae were detected fro 2-136 days after inoculation. in immunized cats microfilariae could not be detected 18 hours after inoculation. any attempt to concentrate or clean the microfilariae caused them to di ...19751127214
studies on filariasis. iv. the rate of escape of the third-stage larvae of brugia pahangi from the mouthpart of aedes togoi during the blood meal.the rate of escape of the third-stage larvae of brugia pahangi from aedes togoi which were allowed to probe on a cat and a mouse at time intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 seconds was studied. the rate of escape of third-stage larvae at all time intervals was greater during probing on the cat than on the mouse, and was in a logarithmic linear relation to the length of probing time by the mosquito host. the greatest loss (91.35%) of third-stage larvae was in mosquitoes which fed on a cat until ful ...19751127218
rapid morphological transformations of spermatozoa in the uterus of brugia pahangi (nematoda, filarioidea).mature, umated male and female brugia pahangi worms were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of gerbils, allowed to mate, and then recovered and examined by means of electron microscopy. the proximal portion of the uterus of female worms recovered in copula contained a morphologically heterogenous population of sperm ranging from a rigid, nonmotile form to the mature ameboid sperm. the immotile sperm are identical in morphology to sperm found within the seminal vesicle of the male. the in utero ...19751127564
repeated infections of brugia pahangi in the jird, meriones unguiculatus.male jirds, meriones unguiculatus, were subcutaneously inoculated in the groin with 1 to 5 doses of infective-stage larvae of brugia pahangi at weekly or monthly intervals. when a dose of either 25 or 75 larvae or 4 weekly doses of 25 larvae were given, 15-16% of the larvae were recovered as adults approximately 4 to 7 months post inoculation. only 8-10% of the larvae were recovered if 4 weekly or 5 monthly doses of 75 larvae each were given. after an inoculation of 75 larvae, 25% of the worms w ...19751166345
studies with brugia pahangi. 11. measurement of lymph flow in infected cats.rates of lymph flow in cats were measured by calculating the disappearance of radioactive colloidal gold (198au) from the feet of (1) uninfected cats, (2) cats infected for various periods after primary infection with brugia pahangi, and (3) cats repeatedly challenged with b. pahangi infective larvae over long periods. the results of the study showed that (1) there is great variation in gold disappearance rates in different cats in all 3 groups above, (2) the cat lymphatic system is functionally ...19751166346
structural and functional studies on the lymphatics of cats infected with brugia pahangi. 19751166486
brugia pahangi: susceptibility and macroscopic pathology of golden hamster. 19751204713
micro-organisms in filarial larvae (nematoda).unusual bodies have been described in the hypodermal tissues of larval dirofilaria immitis and brugia pahangi. ultrastructural evidence indicates that these bodies are probably gram-negative micro-organisms. it appears that the presence of large numbers of these bodies in an early embryo may affect development adversely. their importance at later stages of development of filariae is not known.19751228988
the homocytotropic and hemagglutinating antibody responses to brugia pahangi infection in the multimammate rat (mastomys natalensis).homocytotropic and hemagglutinating antibody responses were followed in multimammate rate (mastomys natalensis) infected with brugia pahangi. homocytotropic antibodies were detected by both active and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using an antigen prepared from dirofilaria immitis. the homocytotropic antibody response was first evident at 3 weeks after infection and increased progressively until after patency. it then waned gradually and was absent at 33 weeks after infection (or 20 weeks after ...19761259087
oral transmission of brugia pahangi and dipetalonema viteae to adult and neonatal jirds. 1976943376
studies with brugia pahangi 12. the activity of levamisole.the effects of levamisole on adults, third stage infective larvae, and microfilariae of brugia pahangi were studied in in vitro culture and in vivo against developing stages in the vector mosquito and in infected cats. in vitro the drug was effective only at dose levels much higher than can be tolerated by mammals. it was active against the developmental stages of the worm in the vector aedes aegypti. the drug was strongly microfilaricidal in cats but less effective against adult worms.19761262689
a comparison of syngeneic laboratory rat-strains as hosts for brugia pahangi. 1976841656
survival and migration of infective brugia pahangi larvae administered orally to neonatal jirds. 1976957049
effects of gamma radiation on development of brugia pahangi in a susceptible strain of aedes aegypti. 1976957050
oral transmission of brugia pahangi to dogs.oral transmission of brugia pahangi, already demonstrated in jirds, has now been accomplished in dogs. beagle puppies, four anesthetized and two unanesthetized, were exposed to b. pahangi by instilling third-stage larvae (l-3s) into the mouth. infections matured in all the dogs, and adult worms were recovered mainly from the mandibular, retropharyngeal, and axillary lymphatics. worms were relatively numerous and peripheral microfilaremia developed in the dogs exposed under anesthetic, while worm ...1976962002
observations on the basal follicle numbers developed per female of two strains of aedes aegypti after being fed on hosts with different levels of microfilariae of brugia pahangi. 1976965782
effects of larval treatment with the insect development inhibitor ph60:40 on the vectorial capacity of aedes aegypti (l.) for brugia pahangi (buckley and edeson).the effects of ph60:40, an insect development inhibitor, on fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti were investigated. apart from delayed lethal action, possible effects on the vectorial capacity of brugia pahangi were investigated. two strains of a. aegypti were used, one ddt-susceptible and a good filarial vector and the other ddt-resistant and a refractory vector. a baseline exposure was found which caused only low mortalities in both strains. the treatments did not have any appreciable effect ...1976971004
brugia malayi, brugia pahangi, and brugia patei: pulmonary pathology in jirds, meriones unguiculatus. 1976976421
brugia pahangi: depressed mitogen reactivity in filarial infections in the jird, meriones unguiculatus. 1976976426
brugia pahangi: histopathological study of golden hamsters. 1976950002
a comparison of the efficiency of the nuclepore and millipore filtration systems for detecting microfilariae.using brugia pahangi or dirofilaria immitis as the test organisms no significant difference could be detected between nuclepore and millipore filters. it was found that 0.7% of microfilariae passed through the millipore and 1% through the nuclepore filters. no microfilariae were lost from the nuclepore membrane during the staining process.19761030840
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