| trichoderma harzianum rifai 1295-22 mediates growth promotion of crack willow (salix fragilis) saplings in both clean and metal-contaminated soil. | we investigated if the plant growth promoting fungus trichoderma harzianum rifai 1295-22 (also known as "t22") could be used to enhance the establishment and growth of crack willow (salix fragilis) in a soil containing no organic or metal pollutants and in a metal-contaminated soil by comparing this fungus with noninoculated controls and an ectomycorrhizal formulation commercially used to enhance the establishment of tree saplings. crack willow saplings were grown in a temperature-controlled gro ... | 2007 | 17345130 |
| an integrated approach for the reduction of aflatoxin contamination in chilli (capsicum annuum l.). | an integrated approach for management of aflatoxin contamination in chilli was undertaken by evaluating the fungicides, bioagents and plant extracts against aspergillus flavus under both in vitro and field condition. maximum inhibition of radial growth (91.1%) was observed with 0.3% mancozeb followed by captan (85.2%). carbendazim (73%) was effective and superior over other systemic fungicides. a complete inhibition (100%) of a. flavus was observed in neem seed kernel extract (nske), nimbicidin ... | 2011 | 24425902 |
| degradation of dyes using crude extract and a thermostable and ph-stable laccase isolated from pleurotus nebrodensis. | three laccase isoenzymes (lac1, lac2 and lac3) have been purified to homogeneity from pleurotus nebrodensis in our previous study. lac2 was shown to be the dominant isoform, capable of oxidizing the majority of laccase substrates and manifesting good thermostability and ph stability. hence, lac2 was selected to decolourize structurally different dyes and the colour removal efficiencies of lac2 and the crude extract of p. nebrodensis were compared. by monitoring the λmax of the reaction system du ... | 2016 | 27354563 |
| anthracnose of lucky bamboo dracaena sanderiana caused by the fungus colletotrichum dracaenophilum in egypt. | dracaena sanderiana, of the family liliaceae, is among the ornamental plants most frequently imported into egypt. typical anthracnose symptoms were observed on the stems of imported d. sanderiana samples. the pathogen was isolated, demonstrated to be pathogenic based on koch's rule and identified as colletotrichum dracaenophilum. the optimum temperature for its growth ranges from 25 to 30 °c, maintained for 8 days. kemazed 50% wettable powder (wp) was the most effective fungicide against the pat ... | 2016 | 27222738 |
| detoxification of toxic phorbol esters from malaysian jatropha curcas linn. kernel by trichoderma spp. and endophytic fungi. | the presence of phorbol esters (pes) with toxic properties limits the use of jatropha curcas kernel in the animal feed industry. therefore, suitable methods to detoxify pes have to be developed to render the material safe as a feed ingredient. in the present study, the biological treatment of the extracted pes-rich fraction with non-pathogenic fungi (trichoderma harzianum jq350879.1, t. harzianum jq517493.1, paecilomyces sinensis jq350881.1, cladosporium cladosporioides jq517491.1, fusarium chla ... | 2014 | 24504029 |
| greenhouse evaluation of bacillus subtilis ap-01 and trichoderma harzianum ap-001 in controlling tobacco diseases. | two biological control agents, bacillus subtilis ap-01 (larminar(™)) and trichoderma harzianum ap-001 (trisan(™)) alone or/in combination were investigated in controlling three tobacco diseases, including bacterial wilt (ralstonia solanacearum), damping-off (pythium aphanidermatum), and frogeye leaf spot (cercospora nicotiana). tests were performed in greenhouse by soil sterilization prior to inoculation of the pathogens. bacterial-wilt and damping off pathogens were drenched first and followed ... | 2008 | 24031219 |
| differential expression of maize chitinases in the presence or absence of trichoderma harzianum strain t22 and indications of a novel exo- endo-heterodimeric chitinase activity. | the interaction of plants with endophytic symbiotic fungi in the genus trichoderma alters the plant proteome and transcriptome and results in enhanced plant growth and resistance to diseases. in a previous study, we identified the numerous chitinolytic enzyme families and individual enzymes in maize which are implicated in plant disease resistance and other plant responses. | 2010 | 20594307 |
| downy mildew resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 in susceptible grapevines partially mimics transcriptional changes of resistant genotypes. | downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, is one of the most severe diseases of grapevine and is commonly controlled by fungicide treatments. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) can induce resistance to downy mildew, although the molecular events associated with this process have not yet been elucidated in grapevine. a next generation rna sequencing (rna-seq) approach was used to study global transcriptional changes associated with resistance induced by t39 in vitis v ... | 2012 | 23173562 |
| proteomic analysis of grapevine resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 reveals specific defence pathways activated against downy mildew. | downy mildew is caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola and is one of the most serious diseases of grapevine. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) has previously been shown to induce plant-mediated resistance and to reduce the severity of downy mildew in susceptible grapevines. in order to better understand the cellular processes associated with t39-induced resistance, the proteomic and histochemical changes activated by t39 in grapevine were investigated before and 1 ... | 2012 | 23105132 |
| biological control of botrytis gray mould on tomato cultivated in greenhouse. | research was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the biological control of the botrytis gray mould, caused by botrytis cinerea pers., one of the most important fungal diseases of the tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.). biological control was performed by using trichoderma harzianum rifai, an antagonist that is a naturally occurring fungus found on some plants and in the soil worldwide. trichoderma spp. are fungi diffused in nearly all agricultural soils and in other environments suc ... | 2006 | 17390837 |
| analysis of phaseolus vulgaris response to its association with trichoderma harzianum (all-42) in the presence or absence of the phytopathogenic fungi rhizoctonia solani and fusarium solani. | the present study was carried out to evaluate the ability of trichoderma harzianum (all 42-isolated from brazilian cerrado soil) to promote common bean growth and to modulate its metabolism and defense response in the presence or absence of the phytopathogenic fungi rhizoctonia solani and fusarium solani using a proteomic approach. t. harzianum was able to promote common bean plants growth as shown by the increase in root/foliar areas and by size in comparison to plants grown in its absence. the ... | 2014 | 24878929 |
| inhibition of inducible tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression by the fungal epipolythiodiketopiperazine gliovirin. | tnf-alpha is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that regulates further cytokine induction, especially of il-1 and il-6, in many human diseases including cancer, inflammation and immune disorders. in a search for new inhibitors of inducible tnf-alpha promoter activity and expression, cultures of the imperfect fungus trichoderma harzianum were found to produce gliovirin, a previously isolated epipolythiodiketopiperazine. gliovirin inhibited inducible tnf-alpha promoter activity and synthesis in lps ... | 2007 | 17552910 |
| influence of rhizoctonia solani and trichoderma spp. in growth of bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) and in the induction of plant defense-related genes. | many trichoderma species are well-known for their ability to promote plant growth and defense. we study how the interaction of bean plants with r. solani and/or trichoderma affect the plants growth and the level of expression of defense-related genes. trichoderma isolates were evaluated in vitro for their potential to antagonize r. solani. bioassays were performed in climatic chambers and development of the plants was evaluated. the effect of trichoderma treatment and/or r. solani infection on t ... | 2015 | 26442006 |
| de novo transcriptome analyses of host-fungal interactions in oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq.). | basal stem rot (bsr) is a fungal disease in oil palm (elaeis guineensis jacq.) which is caused by hemibiotrophic white rot fungi belonging to the ganoderma genus. molecular responses of oil palm to these pathogens are not well known although this information is crucial to strategize effective measures to eradicate bsr. in order to elucidate the molecular interactions between oil palm and g. boninense and its biocontrol fungus trichoderma harzianum, we compared the root transcriptomes of untreate ... | 2016 | 26781612 |
| suppression of the biocontrol agent trichoderma harzianum by mycelium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices in root-free soil | trichoderma harzianum is an effective biocontrol agent against several fungal soilborne plant pathogens. however, possible adverse effects of this fungus on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi might be a drawback in its use in plant protection. the objective of the present work was to examine the interaction between glomus intraradices and t. harzianum in soil. the use of a compartmented growth system with root-free soil compartments enabled us to study fungal interactions without the interfering effec ... | 1999 | 10103232 |
| production and multiplication of native compost fungal activator by using different substrates and its influence on growth and development of capsicum chinensis jacq. "bhut jolokia". | in vitro experiment was carried out to see the effect of saw dusts of pinus kesiya, shorea robusta, and callicarpa arborea on trichoderma harzianum, isolate th-13 mass production, along with its biotization effect on capsicum chinensis jacq. "bhut jolokia." early mycelium initiation (2 days) occurred in s. robusta followed by p. kesiya and c. arborea (3.5 days). the sporulation was observed earlier in s. robusta (100% after 6 days) than p. kesiya (33.4% after 8 days) and c. arborea (16.7% after ... | 2015 | 25632354 |
| construction and functional analysis of trichoderma harzianum mutants that modulate maize resistance to the pathogen curvularia lunata. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was used to generate an insertional mutant library of the mycelial fungus trichoderma harzianum. from a total of 450 mutants, six mutants that showed significant influence on maize resistance to c. lunata were analyzed in detail. maize coated with these mutants was more susceptible to c. lunata compared with those coated with a wild-type (wt) strain. similar to other fungal atmt libraries, all six mutants were single copy integrations, whi ... | 2014 | 24901960 |
| thc6 protein, isolated from trichoderma harzianum, can induce maize defense response against curvularia lunata. | mutant t66 was isolated from 450 mutants (constructed with agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method) of trichoderma harzianum. maize seeds coated with t66 were more susceptible to curvularia lunata when compared with those coated with wild-type (wt) strain. the disease index of maize treated with t66 and wt were 62.5 and 42.1%, respectively. further research showed t-dna has inserted into the orf of one gene, which resulted in the functional difference between wt and t66. the gen ... | 2015 | 24771614 |
| identification, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of antifungal trichoderma from tomato rhizosphere. | the use of trichoderma isolates with efficient antagonistic activity represents a potentially effective and alternative disease management strategy to replace health hazardous chemical control. in this context, twenty isolates were obtained from tomato rhizosphere and evaluated by their antagonistic activity against four fungal pathogens (fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, alternaria alternata, colletotrichum gloeosporoides and rhizoctonia solani). the production of extracellular cell wall d ... | 2016 | 27917337 |
| functional analysis of a subtilisin-like serine protease gene from biocontrol fungus trichoderma harzianum. | the subtilisin-like serine protease gene thss45 has been cloned from trichoderma harzianum accc30371. its coding region is 1302 bp in length, encoding 433 amino acids, with a predicted protein molecular weight of 44.9 kda and pi of 5.91. thss45 was shown by rt-qpcr analysis to be differentially transcribed in response to eight different treatments. the transcription of thss45 was up-regulated when grown in mineral medium, under carbon starvation, and nitrogen starvation, and in the presence of 1 ... | 2014 | 24500477 |
| antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of honey collected from timergara (dir, pakistan). | in this study honeys of acacia modesta, prunus persica, zizyphus sativa and isodon rogosus plants were tested against two gram-positive bacterial strains (staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus), two gram-negative bacterial strains (klebsilla pneumonia and escherichia coli) and two fungal strains (alternaria alternata and trichoderma harzianum) through agar well diffusion method. the tested honeys showed high antimicrobial activities to the tested bacterial and fungal strains. all the tested ... | 2014 | 24374434 |
| [formation peculiarities of quercus robur l. acorn mycobiota under conditions of kyiv polissya]. | the structure of mycobiota (epiphytic and from inner tissues) of q. robur acorns (580 samples) under conditions of kyiv polissya was studied. acorn samples were collected from oak trees during vegetation period. the epiphytes and mycobiota isolated from inner tissues of acorns was represented by 38 and 20 species, respectively. the majority of fungi were isolated in july. cosmopolitan and non-specific species acremonium sp., alternaria alternata, cladosporium cladosporioides, trichoderma harzian ... | 2013 | 24006787 |
| biological conversion of olive pomace into compost by using trichoderma harzianum and phanerochaete chrysosporium. | olive pomace was composted by using a reactor for a period of 50 days in four bioreactors. urea was added to adjust c/n ration between 25-30. at the end of 50 days of composting using trichoderma harzianum and phanerochaete chrysosporium, cellulose and lignin were highly degraded. it was found that after 30 days, p. chrysosporium and t. harzianum degraded approximately 71.9% of the lignin and 59.25% of the cellulose, respectively. the percent of ash content in the raw waste mixture was 13%. this ... | 2009 | 19467866 |
| production of soluble crude protein using cellulolytic fungi on rice stubble as substrate under waste program management. | the investigation was undertaken to enhance the decomposition process by pre-treatment of rice stubble, having higher concentration of lignin. air-dried rice stubble was treated with 1.8 liter of 1% naoh and autoclaved. six cellulolytic fungi, trichoderma harzianum, penicillium citrinum, curvularia lunata, aspergillus flavus and alternaria alternata were grown in basal synthetic medium along with delignified rice-residue as carbon source for production of soluble crude protein. though the loss o ... | 2005 | 24049491 |
| identification and characterization of ethanol utilizing fungal flora of oil refinery contaminated soil. | the indigenous fungal flora of three oil refinery contaminated sites (bharuch, valsad and vadodara) of india has been documented in the present investigation. a total seventy-five fungal morphotypes were isolated from these sites and out of them, only fifteen isolates were capable of utilizing ethanol (0-8%; v:v) as a sole source of carbon and energy for growth. ten percent ethanol was completely lethal for the growth of all the isolated fungus. biochemical characterization of the potent ethanol ... | 2014 | 24068535 |
| antimicrobial and inhibition on heat-induced protein denaturation of constituents isolated from polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. | this study was designed to assess the susceptibility of various microorganisms and inhibition on heat-induced protein denaturation against diosgenin and santonin, isolated from polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes. both diosgenin and santonin showed significant zone of inhibition when studied against various gram-positive (bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli and salmonella typhi). in antifungal assay ... | 2015 | 25553804 |
| biodegradation of pesticides using fungi species found in the aquatic environment. | relatively limited attention has been given to the presence of fungi in the aquatic environment compared to their occurrence in other matrices. taking advantage and recognizing the biodegradable capabilities of fungi is important, since these organisms may produce many potent enzymes capable of degrading toxic pollutants. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential ability of some species of filamentous fungi that occur in the aquatic environment to degrade pesticides in untre ... | 2015 | 25860553 |
| nitrogen metabolism and growth enhancement in tomato plants challenged with trichoderma harzianum expressing the aspergillus nidulans acetamidase amds gene. | trichoderma is a fungal genus that includes species that are currently being used as biological control agents and/or as biofertilizers. in addition to the direct application of trichoderma spp. as biocontrol agents in plant protection, recent studies have focused on the beneficial responses exerted on plants, stimulating the growth, activating the defenses, and/or improving nutrient uptake. the amds gene, encoding an acetamidase of aspergillus, has been used as a selectable marker for the trans ... | 2016 | 27536277 |
| genetic transformation of knufia petricola a95 - a model organism for biofilm-material interactions. | we established a protoplast-based system to transfer dna to knufia petricola strain a95, a melanised rock-inhabiting microcolonial fungus that is also a component of a model sub-aerial biofilm (sab) system. to test whether the desiccation resistant, highly melanised cell walls would hinder protoplast formation, we treated a melanin-minus mutant of a95 as well as the type-strain with a variety of cell-degrading enzymes. of the different enzymes tested, lysing enzymes from trichoderma harzianum we ... | 2014 | 25401079 |
| evaluating the effects of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation on antifungal and radical scavenging activities of oliveria decumbens and chaerophyllum macropodum essential oils. | in this study, radical scavenging and antifungal activities of chaerophyllum macropodum and oliveria decumbens essential oils (eos) extracted with microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (mahd) were evaluated in comparison with the same eos extracted by conventional hydrodistillation (hd). the final eo yields that were obtained using hd (after 150 min) and mahd (after 45 min) were 1.72 and 1.67% for c. macropodum and 8.10 and 7.91% for o. decumbens, respectively. there were no significant differenc ... | 2017 | 28371590 |
| increase of laccase activity during interspecific interactions of white-rot fungi. | white-rot fungi are of interest due to their ability to degrade lignin. lignin-degrading enzymes such as laccase can also degrade xenobiotic compounds. the effects of interspecific interactions between white-rot fungi and other microorganisms on laccase activity was studied in laboratory cultures. laccase activity in cultures of trametes versicolor and pleurotus ostreatus increased significantly after the introduction of soil fungi, bacteria and yeasts or after contact with nonsterile soil. addi ... | 2004 | 19712364 |
| design of an enzyme cocktail consisting of different fungal platforms for efficient hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse: optimization and synergism studies. | lignocellulosic materials represent a very important and promising source of renewable biomass. in order to turn them into fermentable sugars, synergism among the different enzymes that carry out bioconversion of these materials is one of the main factors that should be considered. experimental mixture design was performed to optimize the proportion of enzymes produced by native strains of trichoderma harzianum ioc 3844, penicillium funiculosum atcc 11797, and aspergillus niger atcc 1004, result ... | 2016 | 27254751 |
| new insights in trichoderma harzianum antagonism of fungal plant pathogens by secreted protein analysis. | trichoderma harzianum all42 were capable of overgrowing and degrading rhizoctonia solani and macrophomina phaseolina mycelia, coiling around the hyphae with formation of apressoria and hook-like structures. hyphae of t. harzianum all42 did not show any coiling around fusarium sp. hyphae suggesting that mycoparasitism may be different among the plant pathogens. in this study, a secretome analysis was used to identify some extracellular proteins secreted by t. harzianum all42 after growth on cell ... | 2010 | 20213103 |
| characterization of the cellulolytic secretome of trichoderma harzianum during growth on sugarcane bagasse and analysis of the activity boosting effects of swollenin. | this study demonstrates the production of an active enzyme cocktail produced by growing trichoderma harzianum on sugarcane bagasse. the component enzymes were identified by lcms-ms. glycosyl hydrolases were the most abundant class of proteins, representing 67% of total secreted protein. other carbohydrate active enzymes involved in cell wall deconstruction included lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases (aa9), carbohydrate-binding modules, carbohydrate esterases and swollenin, all present at level ... | 2016 | 26697775 |
| trichoderma harzianum and glomus intraradices modify the hormone disruption induced by fusarium oxysporum infection in melon plants. | the plant hormones salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja), ethylene (et), and abscisic acid (aba) are known to play crucial roles in plant disease and pest resistance. changes in the concentrations of these plant hormones in melon plant shoots, as a consequence of the interaction between the plant, the pathogen fusarium oxysporum, the antagonistic microorganism trichoderma harzianum, and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices were investigated. attack by f. oxysporum activated a ... | 2010 | 20528186 |
| recombinant trichoderma harzianum endoglucanase i (cel7b) is a highly acidic and promiscuous carbohydrate-active enzyme. | trichoderma filamentous fungi have been investigated due to their ability to secrete cellulases which find various biotechnological applications such as biomass hydrolysis and cellulosic ethanol production. previous studies demonstrated that trichoderma harzianum ioc-3844 has a high degree of cellulolytic activity and potential for biomass hydrolysis. however, enzymatic, biochemical, and structural studies of cellulases from t. harzianum are scarce. this work reports biochemical characterization ... | 2015 | 26156238 |
| untargeted metabolic profiling of vitis vinifera during fungal degradation. | this paper illustrates the application of an untargeted metabolic profiling analysis of winery-derived biomass degraded using four filamentous fungi (trichoderma harzianum, aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum and p. citrinum) and a yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). analysis of the metabolome resulted in the identification of 233 significant peak features [p < 0.05; fold change (fc) > 2 and signal-to-noise ratio >50] using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry followed by statistical chemom ... | 2015 | 25868913 |
| fungal biodegradation of dibutyl phthalate and toxicity of its breakdown products on the basis of fungal and bacterial growth. | phthalates are esters of phthalic acid that give flexibility to polyvinyl chloride. diverse studies have reported that these compounds might be carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or teratogenic. radial growth rate, biomass, hyphal thickness of neurospora sitophyla, trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger, grown in two different concentrations of dibutyl phthalate (dbp) (500 and 1,000 mg/l) in agar and in submerged fermentation were studied. the inhibitory concentration (ic50) and the constant of bi ... | 2014 | 25063688 |
| a combined chemical and enzymatic method to determine quantitatively the polysaccharide components in the cell wall of yeasts. | a reliable method to determine cell wall polysaccharides composition in yeast is presented, which combines acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. sulphuric acid treatment is used to determine mannans, whereas specific hydrolytic enzymes are employed in a two sequential steps to quantify chitin and the proportion of β-(1,3) and β-(1,6)-glucan in the total β-glucan of the cell wall. in the first step, chitin and β-(1,3)-glucan were hydrolysed into their corresponding monomers n-acetylglucosamine and gluco ... | 2014 | 25041403 |
| potential of various fungi for biomass production of castor. | an experiment was conducted to evaluate biomass production of castor (ricinus communis) with inoculation of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf), trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger. in castor, dual treatment of mycorrhiza and t. harzianum was better for shoot length (29.5 cm), root length (40.3 cm), fresh shoot weight (4.90 g), fresh root weight (1.13 g), number of leaves (10) and leaf area (75.5 cm2) than dual treatment of mycorrhiza and a. niger or mycorrhiza alone. these finding ... | 2013 | 24511751 |
| antifungal cyclic lipopeptides from bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bo5a. | a bioassay-guided fractionation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bo5a afforded the isolation of two new cyclic lipopeptides (1 and 2) as the major lipid constituents (>60%) of the chcl3-meoh (2:1) extract. the chemical structures of the isolated metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (ms), secondary ion mass spectrometry (ms1, ms2), and chemical degradation. the compounds are members of the surfactins family and are based ... | 2013 | 24164115 |
| spirostane, furostane and cholestane saponins from persian leek with antifungal activity. | a phytochemical investigation of the seeds of persian leek afforded the isolation of two new spirostane glycosides, persicosides a (1) and b (2), four new furostane glycosides, isolated as a couple of inseparable mixture, persicosides c1/c2 (3a/3b) and d1/d2 (4a/4b), one cholestane glycoside, persicoside e (5), together with the furostane glycosides ceposides a1/a2 and c1/c2 (6a/6b and 7a/7b), tropeosides a1/a2 and b1/b2 (8a/8b and 9a/9b), and ascalonicoside a1/a2 (10a/10b), already described in ... | 2013 | 23790946 |
| antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of isolated compounds from leaves of breonadia salicina. | breonadia salicina is used traditionally to treat wounds, ulcers, fevers, headaches, and fungal infections. the aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of the plant extract and compounds isolated there from. | 2013 | 23727185 |
| integrated use of biocontrol agents with fungicides to control wilt incidence in pigeon-pea. | when trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger, as biocontrol agents, were included with two fungicides, foltaf 80w (captafol 80%) and blue copper-50, for the treatment of pigeon-pea wilt, the disease was more effectively controlled than when the fungicides were used alone. accordingly, decreased amounts of the fungicides could be used to control the disease without adversely affecting the growth of pigeon-pea. | 1995 | 24414914 |
| molecular characterization of intergeneric hybrid between aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum by protoplast fusion. | protoplast fusion between aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum and application of fusant in degradation of shellfish waste. | 2015 | 25444252 |
| characterization and enzymatic hydrolysis of hydrothermally treated β-1,3-1,6-glucan from aureobasidium pullulans. | the chemical structure of hydrothermally treated β-1,3-1,6-glucan from aureobasidium pullulans was characterized using techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr). the chemical shifts of anomeric carbons observed in the (13)c-nmr spectra suggested the presence of single flexible chains of polysaccharide in the sample. β-1,3-1,6-glucan from a. pullulans became water-soluble, with an average molecular weight of 128,000 da after hydrothermal ... | 2016 | 27804105 |
| effect of seed pelleting with biocontrol agents on growth and colonisation of roots of mungbean by root-infecting fungi. | mungbean (vigna radiata (l.) wilczek) is a leguminous pulse crop that is a major source of proteins, vitamins and minerals. root-infecting fungi produce severe plant diseases like root rot, charcoal rot, damping-off and stem rot. the soil-borne pathogens can be controlled by chemicals, but these chemicals have several negative effects. use of microbial antagonist such as fungi and bacteria is a safe, effective and eco-friendly method for the control of many soil-borne pathogens. biological contr ... | 2016 | 26619828 |
| exposure to bioaerosols during the growth season of tomatoes in an organic greenhouse using supresivit (trichoderma harzianum) and mycostop (streptomyces griseoviridis). | in working environments, especially in confined spaces like greenhouses, elevated concentrations of airborne microorganisms may become a problem for workers' health. additionally, the use of microbial pest control agents (mpcas) may increase exposure to microorganisms. the aim of this study was to investigate tomato growers' exposure to naturally occurring bioaerosol components [dust, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, (1-->3)-beta-d-glucans, and endotoxin] and mpcas applied by drip irrigation. air ... | 2010 | 20622135 |
| scanning electron microscopy observations of the interaction between trichoderma harzianum and perithecia of gibberella zeae. | chronological events associated with the interaction between a strain of trichoderma harzianum, t472, with known biological control activity against perithecial production of g. zeae, were studied with scanning electron microscopy to investigate the mechanisms of control. large clusters of perithecia consisting of 5-15 perithecia formed on the autoclaved, mulched wheat straw inoculated with g. zeae alone (control) with an average of 157 perithecia per plate. small clusters consisting of 3-6 and ... | 2010 | 20943563 |
| cumulative role of bioinoculants on growth, antioxidant potential and artemisinin content in artemisia annua l. under organic field conditions. | artemisia annua l. is mostly known for a bioactive metabolite, artemisinin, an effective sesquiterpene lactone used against malaria without any reputed cases of resistance. in this experiment, bioinoculants viz., streptomyces sp. mtn14, bacillus megaterium mtn2rp and trichoderma harzianum thu were applied as growth promoting substances to exploit full genetic potential of crops in terms of growth, yield, nutrient uptake and particularly artemisinin content. further, multi-use of the bioinoculant ... | 2016 | 27565777 |
| exploitation of microbes for enhancing bacoside content and reduction of meloidogyne incognita infestation in bacopa monnieri l. | despite the vast exploration of rhizospheric microbial wealth for crop yield enhancement, knowledge about the efficacy of microbial agents as biocontrol weapons against root-knot disease is scarce, especially in medicinal plants, viz., bacopa monnieri. in the present investigation, rhizospheric microbes, viz., bacillus megaterium, glomus intraradices, trichoderma harzianum thu, and their combinations were evaluated for the management of meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood and bacos ... | 2015 | 24841892 |
| genetic variation and biological control of fusarium graminearum isolated from wheat in assiut-egypt. | fusarium graminearum schwabe causes fusarium head blight (fhb), a devastating disease that leads to extensive yield and quality loss of wheat and other cereal crops. twelve isolates of f. graminearum were collected from naturally infected spikes of wheat from assiut egypt. these isolates were compared using srap. the results indicated distinct genetic groups exist within f. graminearum, and demonstrated that these groups have different biological properties, especially with respect to their path ... | 2016 | 27147934 |
| biological control of diseases of vegetables grown hydroponically in thailand: challenge and opportunity. | in thailand, yield loss due to plant diseases in vegetables grown hydroponically is very high as a result of the growers` lack of knowledge for controlling diseases and their un- willingness to invest in setting-up the proper hydroponic system from the beginning. severe root rot disease caused by pythium spp. is frequent and can be anticipated in the hot climate in thailand. | 2015 | 27076090 |
| microbe-based technology ameliorates glandular trichomes, secondary metabolites and antioxidants in pelargonium graveolens l'hér. | despite the vast exploration of microbes for plant health, there is a lack of knowledge about the synergistic effects of specific microorganisms in sustainable agriculture, especially in medicinal plants such as pelargonium graveolens l'hér. the aim of this study was to evaluate how synergistic microbes trichoderma harzianum thu, glomus intraradices and bacillus subtilis cim affected crop productivity, secondary metabolites and glandular trichome number in p. graveolens. | 2016 | 26762896 |
| comparative proteomic analysis in pea treated with microbial consortia of beneficial microbes reveals changes in the protein network to enhance resistance against sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | microbial consortia may provide protection against pathogenic ingress via enhancing plant defense responses. pseudomonas aeruginosa pjhu15, trichoderma harzianum tnhu27 and bacillus subtilis bhhu100 were used either singly or in consortia in the pea rhizosphere to observe proteome level changes upon sclerotinia sclerotiorum challenge. thirty proteins were found to increase or decrease differentially in 2-de gels of pea leaves, out of which 25 were identified by maldi-tof ms or ms/ms. these prote ... | 2015 | 26067380 |
| biological management of sclerotinia sclerotiorum in pea using plant growth promoting microbial consortium. | the beneficial plant-microbe interactions play crucial roles in protection against large number of plant pathogens causing disease. the present study aims to investigate the growth promoting traits induced by beneficial microbes namely pseudomonas aeruginosa pjhu15, trichoderma harzianum tnhu27, and bacillus subtilis bhhu100 treated singly and in combinations under greenhouse and field conditions to control sclerotinia sclerotiorum. plants treated with three microbe consortium enhanced plant gro ... | 2015 | 25727183 |
| control of root rot and wilt diseases of roselle under field conditions. | roselle (hibiscus sabdariffa l.) is one of the most important medicinal crops in many parts of the world. in this study, the effects of microelements, antioxidants, and bioagents on fusarium oxysporum, f. solani, and macrophomina phaseolina, the causal pathogens of root rot and wilt diseases in roselle, were examined under field conditions. preliminary studies were carried out in vitro in order to select the most effective members to be used in field control trials. our results showed that micro ... | 2014 | 25606010 |
| biocontrol agents-mediated suppression of oxalic acid induced cell death during sclerotinia sclerotiorum-pea interaction. | oxalic acid (oa) is an important pathogenic factor during early sclerotinia sclerotiorum-host interaction and might work by reducing hydrogen peroxide production (h2 o2 ). in the present investigation, oxalic acid-induced cell death in pea was studied. pea plants treated with biocontrol agents (bcas) viz., pseudomonas aeruginosa pjhu15, bacillus subtilis bhhu100, and trichoderma harzianum tnhu27 either singly and/or in consortium acted on s. sclerotiorum indirectly by enabling plants to inhibit ... | 2015 | 24920251 |
| species diversity, distribution, and genetic structure of endophytic and epiphytic trichoderma associated with banana roots. | selective isolation, molecular identification and aflp were used to investigate the distribution of the various species of endophytic and epiphytic trichoderma associated with banana roots and to compare and contrast their genetic structure. three specific groups of trichoderma were observed in the roots of banana. group one, which made up the largest population, comprised t. asperellum, t. virens, and hypocrea lixii, which were isolated from both inside and on the surface of the banana roots, w ... | 2010 | 21063870 |
| long-term effects on other fungi are studied in biological and chemical stump treatments in the fight against heterobasidion annosum coll. | the effects on mycoflora of norway spruce stumps of biological and chemical treatments in the fight against heterobasidion annosum coll. were investigated two yr after applications of these treatments. the biological treatments were hypholoma fasciculare, phanerochaete velutina, vuilleminia comedens, trichoderma harzianum and both the conidial suspension and culture filtrate of verticillium bulbillosum; propiconazole was used as chemical treatment. samplings were performed on 130 stumps, includi ... | 2003 | 21156626 |
| insights into the structure and function of fungal β-mannosidases from glycoside hydrolase family 2 based on multiple crystal structures of the trichoderma harzianum enzyme. | hemicellulose is an important part of the plant cell wall biomass, and is relevant to cellulosic ethanol technologies. β-mannosidases are enzymes capable of cleaving nonreducing residues of β-d-mannose from β-d-mannosides and hemicellulose mannose-containing polysaccharides, such as mannans and galactomannans. β-mannosidases are distributed between glycoside hydrolase (gh) families 1, 2, and 5, and only a handful of the enzymes have been structurally characterized to date. the only published x-r ... | 2014 | 24975648 |
| solid-state fermentation of agro-industrial wastes to produce bioorganic fertilizer for the biocontrol of fusarium wilt of cucumber in continuously cropped soil. | agro-industrial wastes of cattle dung, vinegar-production residue and rice straw were solid-state fermented by inoculation with trichoderma harzianum sqr-t037 (sqr-t037) for production of bioorganic fertilizers containing sqr-t037 and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6pap) to control fusarium wilt of cucumber in a continuously cropped soil. fermentation days, temperature, inoculum and vinegar-production residue demonstrated significant effects on the sqr-t037 biomass and the yield of 6pap, based on fractional ... | 2010 | 21190841 |
| fungal endophytic communities on twigs of fast and slow growing scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) in northern spain. | most plant species harbour a diverse community of endophytic, but their role is still unknown in most cases, including ecologically and economically important tree species. this study describes the culturable fungal endophytic community of pinus sylvestris l. twigs in northern spain and its relationship with diametric growth of the host. in all, 360 twig samples were collected from 30 scots pines in fifteen stands. isolates were obtained from all twig samples and 43 fungal taxa were identified b ... | 2015 | 26399183 |
| herbicidal activity of culture filtrates of trichoderma spp. against two problematic weeds of wheat. | the herbicidal potential of culture filtrates of four trichoderma spp., namely trichoderma harzianum rifai, trichoderma pseudokoningii rifai, trichoderma reesei simmons and trichoderma viride pers., was evaluated against two problematic weeds of wheat, phalaris minor l. and rumex dentatus l. in laboratory bioassays, generally, metabolites of all four trichoderma species significantly reduced various root and shoot growth parameters of the two target weed species. the original concentrations of t ... | 2011 | 21462072 |
| production of trichodiene by trichoderma harzianum alters the perception of this biocontrol strain by plants and antagonized fungi. | trichothecenes are phytotoxic sesquiterpenic mycotoxins that can act as virulence factors in plant diseases. harzianum a (ha) is a non-phytotoxic trichothecene produced by trichoderma arundinaceum. the first step in ha biosynthesis is the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene (td), a volatile organic compound (voc), catalysed by a sesquiterpene synthase encoded by the tri5 gene. expression of tri5 in the biocontrol strain trichoderma harzianum cect 2413 resulted in production of td i ... | 2015 | 24813508 |
| systemic resistance to gray mold induced in tomato by benzothiadiazole and trichoderma harzianum t39. | gray mold (botrytis cinerea) is an important disease of tomato (solanum lycopersicum). this study examined defense-related gene expression involved in the resistance to b. cinerea that is induced in tomato plants by benzothiadiazole and trichoderma harzianum t39 soil drench. in whole plants, transcriptional changes related to salicylic acid and ethylene were induced by the application of a 0.01% benzothiadiazole solution, whereas changes related to jasmonic acid were induced by the application o ... | 2014 | 24047252 |
| species delimitation in fungal endophyte diversity studies and its implications in ecological and biogeographic inferences. | the estimation of species diversity in fungal endophyte communities is based either on species counts or on the assignment of operational taxonomic units (otus). consequently, the application of different species recognition criteria affects not only diversity estimates but also the ecological hypotheses that arise from those observations. the main objective of the study was to examine how the choice and number of genetic markers and species delimitation criteria influence biodiversity estimates ... | 2011 | 21557783 |
| antagonism of trichoderma harzianum ets 323 on botrytis cinerea mycelium in culture conditions. | abstract previous studies have shown that the extracellular proteins of trichoderma harzianum ets 323 grown in the presence of deactivated botrytis cinerea in culture include a putative l-amino acid oxidase and have suggested the involvement of this enzyme in the antagonistic mechanism. here, we hypothesized that the mycoparasitic process of trichoderma spp. against b. cinerea involves two steps; that is, an initial hyphal coiling stage and a subsequent hyphal coiling stage, with different coili ... | 2012 | 22734558 |
| identification of antibacterial mechanism of l-amino acid oxidase derived from trichoderma harzianum ets 323. | although l-amino oxidase (laao) has been reported to be a potent antibacterial agent, the mechanism behind its antibacterial activity has not been identified. this study attempted to identify the mechanism behind the antibacterial activity of th-laao, an laao recently isolated from the extracellular proteins of trichoderma harzianum ets 323, while elucidating the nature of this enzyme. the results indicate that the enzyme activity and structure of th-laao are stable at ph 6 to 8 and less stable ... | 2011 | 21781279 |
| comparative study on the effect of chemicals on alternaria blight in indian mustard--a multi-location study in india. | high severity of altemaria blight disease is a major constraint in production of rapeseed-mustard in india. the aim of this study was to investigate the suppressive potential of chemicals viz., zinc sulphate, borax, sulphur, potash and calcium sulphate, aqueous extracts viz., eucalyptus globosus (50 g l-1) leaf extract and garlic (allium sativum) bulb (20 g l-1) extract, cow urine and bio-agents trichoderma harzianum, pseudomonas fluorescence in comparison with the recommended chemical fungicide ... | 2011 | 22167952 |
| cotransformation of trichoderma harzianum with beta-glucuronidase and green fluorescent protein genes provides a useful tool for monitoring fungal growth and activity in natural soils. | trichoderma harzianum was cotransformed with genes encoding green fluorescent protein (gfp), beta-glucuronidase (gus), and hygromycin b (hygb) resistance, using polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation. one cotransformant (thzid1-m3) was mitotically stable for 6 months despite successive subculturing without selection pressure. thzid1-m3 morphology was similar to that of the wild type; however, the mycelial growth rate on agar was reduced. thzid1-m3 was formed into calcium alginate pellets an ... | 2000 | 10653755 |
| native fungi as metal remediators: silver myco-accumulation from metal contaminated waste-rock dumps (libiola mine, italy). | metal contamination constitutes a major source of pollution globally. many recent studies emphasized the need to develop cheap and green technologies for the remediation or reclamation of environmental matrices contaminated by heavy metals. in this context, fungi are versatile organisms that can be exploited for bioremediation activities. in our work, we tested silver (ag) bioaccumulation capabilities of three microfungal strains (aspergillus alliaceus thom & church, trichoderma harzianum rifai, ... | 2017 | 28121268 |
| colonization of onions by endophytic fungi and their impacts on the biology of thrips tabaci. | endophytic fungi, which live within host plant tissues without causing any visible symptom of infection, are important mutualists that mediate plant-herbivore interactions. thrips tabaci (lindeman) is one of the key pests of onion, allium cepa l., an economically important agricultural crop cultivated worldwide. however, information on endophyte colonization of onions, and their impacts on the biology of thrips feeding on them, is lacking. we tested the colonization of onion plants by selected f ... | 2014 | 25254657 |
| microfungi in highly copper-contaminated soils from an abandoned fe-cu sulphide mine: growth responses, tolerance and bioaccumulation. | copper is one of the most dangerous soil contaminants. soils affected by high copper concentrations show low biodiversity and, above all, inadequate environmental quality. microorganisms such as fungi can play a key role in metal-polluted ecosystems via colonization and decontamination. the study is devoted to characterize the microfungal community in highly cu-contaminated bare soil from derelict fe-cu sulphide mines and to isolate microfungal strains able to tolerate and accumulate cu. 11 diff ... | 2014 | 25240213 |
| deciphering the hormonal signalling network behind the systemic resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum in tomato. | root colonization by selected trichoderma isolates can activate in the plant a systemic defense response that is effective against a broad-spectrum of plant pathogens. diverse plant hormones play pivotal roles in the regulation of the defense signaling network that leads to the induction of systemic resistance triggered by beneficial organisms [induced systemic resistance (isr)]. among them, jasmonic acid (ja) and ethylene (et) signaling pathways are generally essential for isr. however, trichod ... | 2013 | 23805146 |
| systemic resistance to powdery mildew in brassica napus (aacc) and raphanus alboglabra (rrcc) by trichoderma harzianum th12. | trichoderma harzianum th12 is a microbial pesticide for certain rapeseed diseases. the mechanism of systemic resistance induced by th12 or its cell-free culture filtrate (cf) in brassica napus (aacc) and raphanus alboglabra (rrcc) to powdery mildew disease caused by ascomycete erysiphe cruciferarum was investigated. in this study, we conducted the first large-scale global study on the cellular and molecular aspects of b. napus and r. alboglabra infected with e. cruciferarum. the histological stu ... | 2015 | 26540161 |
| substrate conditions that influence the assays used for determining the beta-glucosidase activity of cellulolytic microorganisms. | culture filtrates from trichoderma harzianum e58, t. reesei cl 847 and penicillium sp. c 462 were assayed for beta-glucosidase activity using a range of substrates and sugar analysis methods. although sugar analyses by the dinitrosalicylic acid (dns) and nelson-somogyi methods gave a similar profile, when increasing concentrations of salicin were assayed, considerably higher values were obtained with the dns assay. the salicin concentration used for the assay greatly influenced the final beta-gl ... | 1986 | 18555279 |
| differential response of extracellular proteases of trichoderma harzianum against fungal phytopathogens. | in the present study, production of extracellular proteases by trichoderma harzianum was evaluated based on the relative gene expression and spectrophotometric assay. the fungal isolates were grown in czapek dox broth medium supplemented with deactivated mycelium of plant fungal pathogens such as fusarium oxysporum, colletotrichum capsici, gloeocercospora sorghi, and colletotrichum truncatum. the maximum protease activity was detected after 48 h of incubation against colletotrichum spp. similarl ... | 2016 | 27278806 |
| trichoderma harzianum t-22 induces systemic resistance in tomato infected by cucumber mosaic virus. | understanding the induction of plant defenses against viruses using biocontrol agents is essential for developing new strategies against these pathogens, given the ineffectiveness of chemical treatments. the ability of trichoderma harzianum, strain t-22 (t22) to control cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) in solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme plants and the changes in the physiology of tomato treated/infected with t22/cmv were examined. plant growth-promoting effects, photosynthetic performance, reac ... | 2016 | 27777581 |
| the platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene derived from trichoderma harzianum induces maize resistance to curvularia lunata through the jasmonic acid signaling pathway. | platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (paf-ah) derived from trichoderma harzianum was upregulated by the interaction of t. harzianum with maize roots or the foliar pathogen curvularia lunata. paf-ah was associated with chitinase and cellulase expressions, but especially with chitinase, because its activity in the ko40 transformant (paf-ah disruption transformant) was lower, compared with the wild-type strain t28. the result demonstrated that the colonization of maize roots by t. harzianum i ... | 2015 | 26273755 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of ech46 endochitinase from trichoderma harzianum. | in the present study, endochitinase of t. harzianum isolate-thhp3 induced against mycelium of f. oxysporum was cloned, sequenced and characterized. the complete nucleotide sequence contained an orf of 1293bp corresponding to 430 amino acids with 46kda molecular weight and theoretical pi 5.59. the precursor protein contained 22 amino acids long signal peptide at n terminus. the domain architecture of endochitinase showed low complexity regions, presence of 1w9p domain specific to cyclopentapeptid ... | 2016 | 27456116 |
| crystal structure and biochemical characterization of the recombinant thbgl, a gh1 β-glucosidase overexpressed in trichoderma harzianum under biomass degradation conditions. | the conversion of biomass-derived sugars via enzymatic hydrolysis for biofuel production is a challenge. therefore, the search for microorganisms and key enzymes that increase the efficiency of the saccharification of cellulosic substrates remains an important and high-priority area of study. trichoderma harzianum is an important fungus known for producing high levels of cellulolytic enzymes that can be used for cellulosic ethanol production. in this context, β-glucosidases, which act synergisti ... | 2016 | 27006690 |
| synthesis, spectral investigation (¹h, ¹³c) and anti-microbial screening of benzophenone imines. | new series of benzophenone imines with general formula ph2-c=nr; r = benzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, naphthyl, phenyl, 4-nitrophenyl were synthesized by condensation of dichlorodiphenylmethane and different aromatic primary amines (1:1) those imines were characterized by different physiochemical and spectroscopic techniques like melting point, elemental analysis, ft-ir, multinuclear nmr (¹h, ¹³c). after characterization, imines were subjected to anti-microbial activities. all compounds showed promising ... | 2015 | 26639485 |
| characterization of a novel resistance-related deoxycytidine deaminase from brassica oleracea var. capitata. | brassica oleracea deoxycytidine deaminase (bodcd), a deoxycytidine deaminase (dcd, ec 3.5.4.14) enzyme, is known to play an important role in the trichoderma harzianum ets 323 mediated resistance mechanism in young leaves of b. oleracea var. capitata during rhizoctonia solani infection. bodcd potentially neutralizes cytotoxic products of host lipoxygenase activity, and thereby bodcd restricts the hypersensitivity-related programmed cell death induced in plants during the initial stages of infect ... | 2014 | 24475736 |
| expression, immobilization and enzymatic properties of glutamate decarboxylase fused to a cellulose-binding domain. | escherichia coli-derived glutamate decarboxylase (gad), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba), was fused to the cellulose-binding domain (cbd) and a linker of trichoderma harzianum endoglucanase ii. to prevent proteolysis of the fusion protein, the native linker was replaced with a s(3)n(10) peptide known to be completely resistant to e. coli endopeptidase. the cbd-gad expressed in e. coli was successfully immobilized on avicel, a crystalline ... | 2012 | 22312257 |
| identification and characterization of the trichoderma harzianum gene encoding alpha-1,3-glucanase involved in streptococcal mutan degradation. | alpha-1,3-glucanases (mutanases) are currently of great interest due to their potential use in the field of dental care. these enzymes have been reported in several bacteria, yeasts and fungi, but up to now, characterization of this family of proteins has been relatively poor. in this study, we identify and characterize a mutanase gene from trichoderma harzianum ccm f-340. sequence analysis, on the nucleotide and amino acid levels reveals that this alpha-1,3-glucanase is highly homologous to alp ... | 2011 | 22390063 |
| [presearch on preventing the medicinal plant diseases with trichoderma harzianum preparation]. | to control the medicinal plant diseases with the preparation of trichoderma harzianum. | 2003 | 15015261 |
| antagonism of nutrient-activated conidia of trichoderma harzianum (atroviride) p1 against botrytis cinerea. | abstract the effect of preliminary nutrient activation on the ability of conidia of the antagonist trichoderma harzianum (atroviride) p1 to suppress botrytis cinerea was investigated in laboratory, greenhouse, and field trials. preliminary nutrient activation at 21 degrees c accelerated subsequent germination of the antagonist at temperatures from 9 to 21 degrees c; at >/=18 degrees c, the germination time of preactivated t. harzianum p1 conidia did not differ significantly from that of b. ciner ... | 2001 | 18943332 |
| disease progression by active mycelial growth and biocontrol of pythium ultimum var. ultimum studied using a rhizobox system. | abstract this study demonstrates that outward growth of mycelium from primary foci through bulk potting mix to roots of adjoining plants can be an important means of spread of damping-off and root rot caused by pythium ultimum. the use of a rhizobox system, which confines plant roots, enabled us to study the spread of actively growing mycelium between root systems placed at precise distances from each other. in steamed potting mix, hyphae of p. ultimum on average grew 9.6 cm from diseased root t ... | 2000 | 18944533 |
| the mycoparasite ampelomyces quisqualis expresses exga encoding an exo-beta-1,3-glucanase in culture and during mycoparasitism. | abstract ampelomyces quisqualis, a mycoparasite of fungi causing powdery mildews, exhibited high levels of extracellular exo-beta-1,3-glucanase activity in culture compared with neurospora crassa and gliocladium roseum. a. quisqualis culture filtrates affected powdery mildew caused by sphaerotheca fusca in a manner indicative of cell wall degradation, as determined by microscopic examination. a gene encoding an exo-beta-1,3-glucanase in a. quisqualis, designated exga, was isolated and sequenced. ... | 1999 | 18944674 |
| cloning and heterologous expression of ss10, a subtilisin-like protease displaying antifungal activity from trichoderma harzianum. | trichoderma harzianum parasitizes a large variety of phytopathogenic fungi. trichoderma harzianum mycoparasitic activity depends on the secretion of complex mixtures of hydrolytic enzymes able to degrade the host cell wall. a gene (ss10) encoding a subtilisin-like protease was cloned from t. harzianum t88, a biocontrol agent effective against soil-borne fungal pathogens. the full-length cdna was isolated by 5' and 3' rapid amplification of the cdna ends. the coding region of the gene is 1302 bp ... | 2009 | 19025577 |
| effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro biological control of fusarium oxysporum by trichoderma harzianum (t8). | in this study the effect of two plant growth regulators (indolacetic acid, iaa and gibberellic acid, ga3) and also trichoderma harzianum (t8) on the phytopathogen fungus fusarium oxysporium (f15) was investigated. iaa and ga3 with 15 and 30 ppm concentration have no significant effect on t. harzianum (t8) growth. the biocontrol activity of t. harzianum on f. oxysporum was slightly decreased by the presence of iaa and/or ga3. addition of 40 ppm of ga3 to the culture medium of f. oxsporum increase ... | 2007 | 19090187 |
| identification of potential marker genes for trichoderma harzianum strains with high antagonistic potential against rhizoctonia solani by a rapid subtraction hybridization approach. | a rapid subtraction hybridization approach was used to isolate genes differentially expressed during mycelial contact between trichoderma harzianum (hypocrea lixii) and rhizoctonia solani, and could serve as marker genes for selection of superior biocontrol strains. putatively positive clones were evaluated by transcription analysis during mycelial contact with r. solani versus growth on glucose, and for their differential transcription between two strains with either strong or poor biocontrol c ... | 2009 | 19116716 |
| induced proteome of trichoderma harzianum by botrytis cinerea. | as a notable biocontrol agent, trichoderma harzianum can antagonize a diverse array of phytopathogenic fungi, including botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani and fusarium oxysporum. elucidating the biocontrol mechanism of t. harzianum in response to the pathogens enables it to be exploited in the control of plant diseases. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) was performed to obtain secreted protein patterns of t. harzianum ets 323, grown in media that contained glucose, a mixture of glucos ... | 2009 | 19422913 |
| biological control of alternaria fruit rot of chili by trichoderma species under field conditions. | trichoderma strains were evaluated under field conditions to assay their efficacy in suppressing alternaria fruit rot disease and promoting chili plant growth. the experiment was conducted at the botanical garden, rajshahi university, bangladesh from july 2006 to march 2007. application of trichoderma harzianum imi 392432 significantly (p = 0.05) suppressed the disease compared to alternaria tenuis (t2) treatment and improved both growth and yield. the treatment t4 (t. harzianum imi-392432 + a. ... | 2010 | 23956637 |
| phosphate dissolving fungi: mechanism and application in alleviation of salt stress in wheat. | the present investigation reveals the solubilization efficiency of tri-calcium phosphate (tcp), udaipur rock phosphate (urp), aluminium phosphate (ap) and ferric phosphate (fp) by aspergillus niger (itcc 6719) and trichoderma harzianum (itcc 6721) as function of carbon concentrations. increasing glucose concentration from 1 to 7% in the growth medium, though improved the phosphorus (p) solubilization significantly but each fungal strain preferred different optimum carbon concentrations for media ... | 2016 | 27825490 |
| winery biomass waste degradation by sequential sonication and mixed fungal enzyme treatments. | to increase the efficiency of winery-derived biomass biodegradation, grape pomace was ultrasonicated for 20min in the presence of 0.25m, 0.5mand1.0mkoh and 1.0mnaoh. this was followed by treatment with a 1:1 (v/v) mix of crude enzyme preparation derived from phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor for 18h and a further 18h treatment with a 60:14:4:2 percent ratio combination of enzymes derived from aspergillus niger: penicillium chrysogenum: trichoderma harzianum: p. citrinum, repsec ... | 2016 | 27599392 |
| hydroxylation of 1,8-cineole by mucor ramannianus and aspergillus niger. | the monoterpenoid 1,8-cineole is obtained from the leaves of eucalyptus globulus and it has important biological activities. it is a cheap natural substrate because it is a by-product of the eucalyptus cultivation for wood and pulp production. in this study, it was evaluated the potential of three filamentous fungi in the biotransformation of 1,8-cineole. the study was divided in two steps: first, reactions were carried out with 1,8-cineole at 1 g/l for 24 h; afterwards, reactions were carried o ... | 2015 | 26221115 |
| induction of resistance in tomato plants against tomato mosaic tobamovirus using beneficial microbial isolates. | the possibility of making use of the phenome non of systemic acquired resistance (sar) to control viruses achieved by the soaking treatment of tomato seeds cv. castl rock with three growth forms to bacillus circulans, pseudomonas fluorescens 2 and trichoderma harzianum against tomato mosaic tobamovirus (tomv) infection. all the application forms of beneficial biotic inducers were reduced the mean number of tomv local lesions on datura metel. p. fluorescens 2 was found to be the best treatment in ... | 2013 | 24494520 |
| effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus and plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms (pgpr's) on medicinal plant solanum viarum seedlings. | a green house nursery study was conducted to assess the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus, glomus aggregatum and some plant growth promoting rhizomicrooganisms (pgpr's), bacillus coagulans and trichoderma harzianum, in soil and their consequent effect on growth, nutrition and content of secondary metabolities of solanum viarum seedlings. triple inoculation of g. aggregatum+b. coagulans+t. harzainum with solanum viarum in a green house nursery study resulted in maximum plant ... | 2011 | 22319872 |