Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| a peptide with potent antifungal and antiproliferative activities from nepalese large red beans. | an antifungal defensin-like peptide with a molecular mass of 7.1kda was isolated from dried nepalese large red beans (phaseolus angularis). the purification protocol employed included ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on sp-sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on superdex 75. the antifungal peptide was unadsorbed on deae-cellulose, and adsorbed on affi-gel blue gel and sp-sepharo ... | 2009 | 19720103 |
| differential toxicity of antifungal protein afp against mutants of fusarium oxysporum. | antifungal protein (afp) from aspergillus giganteus was assayed for toxicity against the fusarium oxysporum wild-type strain and mutants in genes involved in cell signaling (deltapacc, paccc deltafmk1) or cell-wall biogenesis (deltachsv, deltachs7, deltagas1). the mutants were classified into two groups according to their sensitivity to afp: deltapacc, deltagas1 and deltachs7, which were significantly more resistant to afp than the wild-type, and paccc, deltafmk1 and deltachsv, which were more s ... | 2009 | 19784931 |
| susceptibility of chrysanthemum and paris daisy varieties to several isolates of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. chrysanthemi. | fusarium oxysporum f.sp. chrysonthemi is a pathogen recently reported in italy on four economically important ornamental crops belonging to the compositae family: chrysanthemum (chrysanthemum morifolium), paris daisy (argyranthemum frutescens), african daisy (osteospermum sp.) and gerbera (gerbera jamesonii). the risk of transmission of the pathogen among these species is high because the hosts are frequently cultivated in the same nursery. the susceptibility of 24 paris daisy and 12 chrysanthem ... | 2009 | 20222547 |
| plant tissue colonization by the fungus race 1.2 of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis in resistant melon genotypes. | four melon accessions; 'shiroubi okayoma', 'c-211', 'k.n.m' and 'bg-5384', resistant to race 1.2 of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis and a susceptible one 'piel de sapo' were tested to see which hypocotyl regions were invaded by the fungus, and to examine the relationship between resistance and presence of the pathogen in the plant tissue. while the fungus was shown to colonize all stem segments (either the upper, middle, or lower hypocotyl) of the susceptible and resistant plant accession, colo ... | 2009 | 20222554 |
| effect of neem (azardirachta indica a. juss) seeds and leaves extract on some plant pathogenic fungi. | in this study plant pathogenic fungi alternaria solani, fusarium oxysporum, rhizoctonia solani and sclerotinia sclerotiorum were chosen to study the effect of ethanolic, hexane and methanolic extracts of neem seeds and leaves. antifungal effects of neem leave and seed extracts obtained by ethanol, hexane and ptrolium ether were examined separately in vitro against fusarium oxysporum, rhizoctonia solani, alternaria solani and sclerotinia sclerotiorum. results indicated that seeds and leaves extra ... | 2009 | 19947185 |
| campesin, a thermostable antifungal peptide with highly potent antipathogenic activities. | an 9.4-kda antifungal peptide designated as campesin was isolated from seeds of the cabbage brassica campestris. the isolation procedure involved affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on q-sepharose and mono s, and gel filtration on superdex 75 and superdex peptide. the peptide was adsorbed on the first three chromatographic media. it exerted an inhibitory action on mycelial growth including fusarium oxysporum and mycosphaerella arachidicola, with an ic(50) of ... | 2009 | 19664563 |
| silver enhances the in vitro antifungal activity of the saponin, cay-1. | summary the fungicidal properties of purified cay-1, dissolved silver ion and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (edta) separately were studied in vitro as were the abilities of silver and edta to enhance cay-1 fungicidal properties. non-germinated and germinating conidia of aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, fusarium verticillioides (fusarium moniliforme), fusarium oxysporum and fusarium solani were incubated separately with cay-1 (0-24.8 mug ml(-1)), silver (0-111.1 mu ... | 2009 | 20002309 |
| the mediator complex subunit pft1 is a key regulator of jasmonate-dependent defense in arabidopsis. | jasmonate signaling plays an important role in both plant defense and development. here, we have identified a subunit of the mediator complex as a regulator of the jasmonate signaling pathway in arabidopsis thaliana. the mediator complex is a conserved multiprotein complex that acts as a universal adaptor between transcription factors and the rna polymerase ii transcriptional machinery. we report that the phytochrome and flowering time1 (pft1) gene, which encodes the mediator25 subunit of mediat ... | 2009 | 19671879 |
| antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with orchidaceae in brazil. | the purpose of this study was to examine antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves, stems, and roots of 54 species of orchidaceae collected in a brazilian tropical ecosystem. in total, 382 filamentous fungi and 13 yeast isolates were obtained and cultured to examine the production of crude extracts. thirty-three percent of the isolates displayed antimicrobial activity against at least one target microorganism. the multivariate statistical analyses conducted indicate tha ... | 2009 | 20029530 |
| evolutionary relationships between fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and f. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici isolates inferred from mating type, elongation factor-1alpha and exopolygalacturonase sequences. | fusarium oxysporum is a ubiquitous species complex of soilborne plant pathogens that comprises many different formae speciales, each characterized by a high degree of host specificity. in this study, the evolutionary relationships between different isolates of the f. oxysporum species complex have been examined, with a special emphasis on the formae speciales lycopersici and radicis-lycopersici, sharing tomato as host while causing different symptoms. phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences o ... | 2009 | 19679185 |
| structural analysis of enniatin h, i, and mk1688 and beauvericin by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) and their production by fusarium oxysporum kfcc 11363p. | the molecular structures of enniatins h, i, and mk1688 and beauvericin were investigated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). ms fragmentation occurred by loss of -co after opening of the cyclic molecule to carbonyl carbon, and cleavage of the peptide and ester bonds in the molecular structure. fusarium oxysporum kfcc 11363p was tested for its ability to produce beauvericin and enniatins h, i, and mk1688 on five cereal substrates: rice, barley, maize, wheat, and indian m ... | 2009 | 19680927 |
| nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants silenced for the atp-binding cassette transporter gene nppdr1 show increased susceptibility to a group of fungal and oomycete pathogens. | summary the behaviour of nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants silenced for the atp-binding cassette transporter gene nppdr1 was investigated in response to fungal and oomycete infections. the importance of nppdr1 in plant defence was demonstrated for two organs in which nppdr1 is constitutively expressed: the roots and the petal epidermis. the roots of the plantlets of two lines silenced for nppdr1 expression were clearly more sensitive than those of controls to the fungal pathogens botrytis cinerea ... | 2009 | 19694955 |
| a two-locus dna sequence database for typing plant and human pathogens within the fusarium oxysporum species complex. | we constructed a two-locus database, comprising partial translation elongation factor (ef-1alpha) gene sequences and nearly full-length sequences of the nuclear ribosomal intergenic spacer region (igs rdna) for 850 isolates spanning the phylogenetic breadth of the fusarium oxysporum species complex (fosc). of the 850 isolates typed, 101 ef-1alpha, 203 igs rdna, and 256 two-locus sequence types (sts) were differentiated. analysis of the combined dataset suggests that two-thirds of the sts might b ... | 2009 | 19715767 |
| [antifungal and phytostimulating characteristics of bacillus subtilis ch-13 rhizospheric strain, producer of bioprepations]. | bacillus subtilis ch-13 industrial strain was shown to have a wide spectrum of antagonistic activities against different species of phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. the b. subtilis ch-13 strain produces lytic enzymes; cyanide and other antifungal metabolites; stimulates plant growth, producing phytohormones-auxin derivatives. this strain by 2.5 times reduced the quantity of tomato plants infected with phytopathogenic fungus fusarium oxysporum during inoculation. fungi abundance on roots with ... | 2009 | 19764617 |
| identification of indian pathogenic races of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris with gene specific, its and random markers. | in this study we demonstrate the synergistic use of gene-specific markers, its-rflp, issr and aflp for distinguishing indian f. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris races. we also report for the first time that f. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 3, a wilt pathogen of chickpea in india, is actually f. proliferatum based on phylogenetic analysis with ef-1alpha sequence data. f. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris races 1, 2 and 4 were easily distinguished from "race 3" (f. proliferatum) by pcr amplification with oligonucl ... | 2009 | 19623928 |
| a molecular insight into the early events of chickpea (cicer arietinum) and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (race 1) interaction through cdna-aflp analysis. | wilt of chickpea caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is one of the most severe diseases of chickpea throughout the world. variability of pathotypes of f. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and breakdown of natural resistance are the main hindrances to developing resistant plants by applying resistant breeding strategies. additionally, lack of information of potential resistant genes limits gene-transfer technology. a thorough understanding of fusarium spp.-chickpea interaction at a cellular and mo ... | 2009 | 19821728 |
| antagonistic activity of bacteria isolated from crops cultivated in a rotation system and a monoculture against pythium debaryanum and fusarium oxysporum. | the effect of crop rotation and monocropping on the occurrence of bacteria with antagonistic activity toward pythium debaryanum and fusarium oxysporum was shown. arthrobacter spp., fluorescent pseudomonas spp. and actinomycetes were isolated from winter rape, sugar beet and winter barley rhizosphere and bulk soil from the plots of a long-term crop rotation experiment (18 years). the occurrence of mycoantagonistic isolates and their antibiosis level exhibited specificity for the site, crop and cr ... | 2009 | 19937218 |
| parthenium management by cultural filtrates of phytopathogenic fungi. | in the present study, herbicidal activity of culture filtrates of nine phytopathogenic fungi, namely, alternaria alternata (fr.) keissl., drechslera australiensis (bugnicourt) subramanian & jain, drechslera hawaiiensis (curtis and cooke) shoemaker, drechslera biseptata (saccardo & roumeguere) richardson & fraser., drechslera rostrata (drechsler) ricardson & fraser, fusarium oxysporum (massey) synd. & hans., fusarium solani (martius) saccardo., monilia stophila (montagne) and cladosporium sp. (gr ... | 2009 | 19844827 |
| factors affecting ferulic acid release from brewer's spent grain by fusarium oxysporum enzymatic system. | in this study, the factors affecting ferulic acid (fa) release from brewer's spent grain (bsg), by the crude enzyme extract of fusarium oxysporum were investigated. in order to evaluate the importance of the multienzyme preparation on fa release, the synergistic action of feruloyl esterase (fae, fofaec-12213) and xylanase (trichoderma longibrachiatum m3) monoenzymes was studied. more than double amount of fa release (1 mg g(-1) dry bsg) was observed during hydrolytic reactions by the crude enzym ... | 2009 | 19592240 |
| broad-spectrum antimicrobial epiphytic and endophytic fungi from marine organisms: isolation, bioassay and taxonomy. | in the search for new marine derived antibiotics, 43 epi- and endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the surface or the inner tissue of different marine plants and invertebrates. through preliminary and secondary screening, 10 of them were found to be able to produce broad-spectrum antimicrobial metabolites. by morphological and molecular biological methods, three active strains were characterized to be penicillium glabrum, fusarium oxysporum, and alternaria alternata. | 2009 | 19597575 |
| in vitro physiological responses of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum to exogenously applied syringic acid. | plant-microbe interactions are often accompanied by allelochemicals, such as syringic acid, released from the host plant. to explore the role of phenolic acids released from crop host plants in response to pathogen invasion, we examined the allelopathic effect of an artificially applied syringic acid on fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. we demonstrated that the growth and the conidial germination rate of f. oxysporum f. sp. niveum were stimulated at lower concentrations of syringic acid, though ... | 2009 | 19602085 |
| can leek interfere with bean plant-bean fly interaction? test of ecological pest management in mixed cropping. | effects of volatile odors from leek, allium porum l., on the behavior of bean fly, ophiomyia phaseoli (tryon) (diptera: agromyzidae), were tested in laboratory olfactometer bioassays. aqueous and solvent extracts (dichloromethane and methanol) of leek were repellent to adult flies. whole leek plants were repellent and prevented attraction to the host plant, beans. beans that had been exposed to volatiles from living leek plants for 7 d became repellent to the fly. leek and several other crops we ... | 2009 | 19610413 |
| effector gene screening allows unambiguous identification of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici races and discrimination from other formae speciales. | during infection of tomato, the fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici secretes several unique proteins, called 'secreted in xylem' (six) proteins, into the xylem sap. at least some of these proteins promote virulence towards tomato and among them, all predicted avirulence proteins that can trigger disease resistance in tomato have been found. in this study, a large, worldwide collection of f. oxysporum isolates was screened for the presence of seven six genes (six1-six7). the results conv ... | 2009 | 19799634 |
| sporicidal activity of synthetic antifungal undecapeptides and control of penicillium rot of apples. | the antifungal activity of cecropin a(2-8)-melittin(6-9) hybrid undecapeptides, previously reported as active against plant pathogenic bacteria, was studied. a set of 15 sequences was screened in vitro against fusarium oxysporum, penicillium expansum, aspergillus niger, and rhizopus stolonifer. most compounds were highly active against f. oxysporum (mic < 2.5 microm) but were less active against the other fungi. the best peptides were studied for their sporicidal activity and for sytox green upt ... | 2009 | 19617390 |
| induced proteome of trichoderma harzianum by botrytis cinerea. | as a notable biocontrol agent, trichoderma harzianum can antagonize a diverse array of phytopathogenic fungi, including botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani and fusarium oxysporum. elucidating the biocontrol mechanism of t. harzianum in response to the pathogens enables it to be exploited in the control of plant diseases. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) was performed to obtain secreted protein patterns of t. harzianum ets 323, grown in media that contained glucose, a mixture of glucos ... | 2009 | 19422913 |
| molecular cloning, structural analysis and modelling of the acafp antifungal peptide from aspergillus clavatus. | an abundantly secreted thermostable peptide (designed acafp) with a molecular mass of 5777 da was isolated and purified in a previous work from a local strain of a. clavatus (vr1). based on the n-terminal amino acid (aa) sequence of the acafp peptide, an oligonucleotide probe was derived and allowed the amplification of the encoding cdna by rt-pcr. this cdna fragment encodes a pre-pro-protein of 94 aa which appears to be processed to a mature product of 51 aa cys-rich protein. the deduced aa seq ... | 2009 | 19591888 |
| evaluation of fusarium oxysporum cellulolytic system for an efficient hydrolysis of hydrothermally treated wheat straw. | the crude multienzyme extract produced by fusarium oxysporum cultivated under submerged conditions in 20 l bioreactor using brewers spent grain and corn cobs in a ratio 2:1 as the carbon source was evaluated with regard to an efficient saccharification of hydrothermally treated wheat straw. several factors concerning the obtained hydrolysis yield and reaction rate were investigated. the takeout of product sugars (in situ) was effective at reducing end-product inhibition and lead to a bioconversi ... | 2009 | 19540758 |
| gibberella zeae chitin synthase genes, gzchs5 and gzchs7, are required for hyphal growth, perithecia formation, and pathogenicity. | gibberella zeae causes fusarium head blight of cereal crops, and sexual spores of the fungus play an important role as primary inocula. we isolated a restriction enzyme-mediated integration (remi) transformant, zh431, of g. zeae with defects in perithecia formation and virulence. integration of the remi vector resulted in disruption of gzchs7 gene, which encodes a putative class vii chitin synthase with high similarity to fusarium oxysporum chsvb. a second chitin synthase, gzchs5, is adjacently ... | 2009 | 19547974 |
| toxicity of hydrolyzed vicilins toward callosobruchus maculatus and phytopathogenic fungi. | studies have shown that vicilins (7s storage proteins) from seeds were able to bind to the surface of the callosobruchus maculatus larval midgut and to the peritrophic matrices of the midguts of diatraea saccharalis and tenebrio molitor , inhibiting larval development. vicilins were also shown to inhibit yeast growth and bind to yeast cells through the association with chitin-containing structures. the present work studies the association of peptides from vicilins of genotypes of vigna unguicula ... | 2009 | 19658384 |
| microbiological control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi with special emphasis on wilt-inducing fusarium oxysporum. | plant diseases induced by soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most difficult to control. in the absence of effective chemical control methods, there is renewed interest in biological control based on application of populations of antagonistic micro-organisms. in addition to pseudomonas spp. and trichoderma spp., which are the two most widely studied groups of biological control agents, the protective strains of fusarium oxysporum represent an original model. these protective strains of f. o ... | 2009 | 19761494 |
| antifungal mechanism of a novel antifungal protein from pumpkin rinds against various fungal pathogens. | a novel antifungal protein (pr-2) was identified from pumpkin rinds using water-soluble extraction, ultrafiltration, cation exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that the protein had a molecular mass of 14865.57 da. automated edman degradation showed that the n-terminal sequence of pr-2 was qgigvgdndgkrgkr-. the pr-2 protein strongly inhibited in vitro growth of bot ... | 2009 | 19807165 |
| hyphal penetration of worn hydrogel contact lenses by fusarium. | to determine the relative susceptibility of worn and unworn hydrogel contact lenses to penetration by hyphae of the fusarium solani-fusarium oxysporum species complex. | 2009 | 19654522 |
| the fusarium oxysporum cell wall proteome under adhesion-inducing conditions. | fusarium oxysporum is a soilborne fungus that causes vascular wilt disease on a wide range of crops. during initial stages of infection, fungal hyphae attach firmly to roots, penetrate the cortex and colonize xylem vessels. the mechanisms underlying root attachment are poorly understood, although it was previously shown that this process depends on fmk1, a mitogen-activated protein kinase orthologous to the mating/filamentation mitogen-activated protein kinases fus3/kss1 in yeast. we investigate ... | 2009 | 19688728 |
| isolation of antifungal compounds from gardenia jasminoides. | gardenia jasminoides e. (rubiaceae) methanol extracts showed the highest level of antifungal activity against pleurotus ostreatus, a wood-rotting fungus, compared to five other methanol plants extracts; [thuja orientalis l. (cupressaceae), datura innoxia (solanaceae), ligustrum japonicum t. (oleaceae), juniperus chinensis var. procumbens (cupressaceae) and mallotus japonica m. (euphorbiaceae)] and selected for further analysis. two antifungal compounds were isolated from n-butanol and ethyl acet ... | 2009 | 19817121 |
| antagonism of bacillus spp. isolated from marine biofilms against terrestrial phytopathogenic fungi. | we aimed at determining the antagonistic behavior of bacteria derived from marine biofilms against terrestrial phytopathogenic fungi. some bacteria closely related to bacillus mojavensis (three isolates) and bacillus firmus (one isolate) displayed antagonistic activity against colletotrichum gloeosporioides atcc 42374, selected as first screen organism. the four isolates were further quantitatively tested against c. gloeosporioides, colletotrichum fragariae, and fusarium oxysporum on two culture ... | 2009 | 18931878 |
| siderophore-producing alcaligenes feacalis exhibited more biocontrol potential vis-à-vis chemical fungicide. | we report the in vitro phytopathogen suppression activity of siderophoregenic preparations of alcaligenes feacalis vis-à-vis the oraganochlorine fungicide, bavistin. siderophore-rich culture broth, siderophore-rich supernatant, and purified siderophore preparation exerted antifungal activity against aspergillus niger ncim 1025, a. flavus ncim 650, fusarium oxysporum ncim 1008, and alternaria alternata iari 715. among all the preparations, siderophore-rich broth exhibited potent antifungal activi ... | 2009 | 18836770 |
| characterization of polyvalent and safe bacillus thuringiensis strains with potential use for biocontrol. | sixteen bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strains were screened for their anti-insect, antibacterial and antifungal determinants by phenotypic tests and pcr targeting major insecticidal proteins and complements, chitinases, lactonases, beta-1,3-glucanases and zwittermicina. six strains had genes of at least two major insecticidal toxins and of insecticidal complements. with regard to fungal biocontrol, all the strains inhibited fusarium oxysporum and aspergillus flavus growth and four strains had all ... | 2009 | 19025870 |
| response to hypoxia, reduction of electron acceptors, and subsequent survival by filamentous fungi. | filamentous fungi usually inhabit normoxic environments by utilizing oxygen as a substrate for respiration and for the biosynthesis of some essential cellular components. this review examines the metabolic mechanisms used by filamentous fungi under oxygen-limited (hypoxic) conditions. denitrification is one mechanism through which fusarium oxysporum and other fungi reduce nitrate or nitrite to nitrous oxide, generating nitric oxide as a reaction intermediate. the involvement of cytochrome p450no ... | 2009 | 19129650 |
| insight into the molecular requirements for pathogenicity of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici through large-scale insertional mutagenesis. | fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici is the causal agent of vascular wilt disease in tomato. in order to gain more insight into the molecular processes in f. oxysporum necessary for pathogenesis and to uncover the genes involved, we used agrobacterium-mediated insertional mutagenesis to generate 10,290 transformants and screened the transformants for loss or reduction of pathogenicity. | 2009 | 19134172 |
| identification of virulence genes in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large-scale transposon tagging. | forward genetic screens are efficient tools for the dissection of complex biological processes, such as fungal pathogenicity. a transposon tagging system was developed in the vascular wilt fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by inserting the novel modified impala element imp160::gfp upstream of the aspergillus nidulans niad gene, followed by transactivation with a constitutively expressed transposase. a collection of 2072 nia(+) revertants was obtained from reporter strain t12 and scree ... | 2009 | 19161356 |
| interactions between triazoles and amphotericin b in treatment of disseminated murine infection by fusarium oxysporum. | we have evaluated and compared the efficacies of high doses of amphotericin b (amb; 3 mg/kg of body weight/day), voriconazole (60 mg/kg), and posaconazole (psc; 100 mg/kg) alone and combined in a murine model of disseminated infection by fusarium oxysporum. the combination of amb with psc showed the best results, prolonging the survival of mice and reducing their organ fungal loads. this combination might constitute a therapeutic option for those infections where monotherapies fail. | 2009 | 19188382 |
| brassiparin, an antifungal peptide from brassica parachinensis seeds. | to isolate and characterize an antifungal peptide from the seeds of brassica parachinensis l.h.bailey. | 2009 | 19200321 |
| mycofumigation with oxyporus latemarginatus ef069 for control of postharvest apple decay and rhizoctonia root rot on moth orchid. | to characterize the volatile antifungal compound produced by oxyporus latemarginatus ef069 and to examine in vitro and in vivo fumigation activity of the fungus. | 2009 | 19120615 |
| enhanced ethanol production from brewer's spent grain by a fusarium oxysporum consolidated system. | brewer's spent grain (bg), a by-product of the brewing process, is attracting increasing scientific interest as a low-cost feedstock for many biotechnological applications. bg in the present study is evaluated as a substrate for lignocellulolytic enzyme production and for the production of ethanol by the mesophilic fungus fusarium oxysporum under submerged conditions, implementing a consolidated bioconversion process. fermentation experiments were performed with sugar mixtures simulating the car ... | 2009 | 19208239 |
| scanning electron microscopy applied to seed-borne fungi examination. | the aim of this study was to test the standard scanning electron microscopy (sem) as a potential alternative to study seed-borne fungi in seeds, by two different conditions of blotter test and water restriction treatment. in the blotter test, seeds were subjected to conditions that enabled pathogen growth and expression, whereas the water restriction method consisted in preventing seed germination during the incubation period, resulting in the artificial inoculation of fungi. in the first condit ... | 2009 | 19204924 |
| coordination modes of a schiff base pentadentate derivative of 4-aminoantipyrine with cobalt(ii), nickel(ii) and copper(ii) metal ions: synthesis, spectroscopic and antimicrobial studies. | transition metal complexes of co(ii), ni(ii) and cu(ii) metal ions with general stoichiometry [m(l)x]x and [m(l)so(4)], where m = co(ii), ni(ii) and cu(ii), l = 3,3'-thiodipropionic acid bis(4-amino-5-ethylimino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline) and x = no(3)(-), cl(-) and oac(-), have been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements and spectral techniques like ir, uv and epr. the nickel(ii) complexes w ... | 2009 | 19127246 |
| resistance in pepper plants induced by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici involves different defence-related genes. | inoculation with fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (fol) protects pepper plants from subsequent infection with phytophthora capsici. in the present paper, the level of local and systemic protection achieved by plants induced with fol was evaluated by quantifying the pathogen biomass and using real-time pcr. differences in the amount of pathogen were found in stems and roots between fol-treated and untreated plants, while pathogen biomass could not be detected in leaves of induced plants. fiv ... | 2009 | 19121115 |
| integration of new caps and dcaps-rga markers into a composite chickpea genetic map and their association with disease resistance. | a composite linkage map was constructed based on two interspecific recombinant inbred line populations derived from crosses between cicer arietinum (ilc72 and iccl81001) and cicer reticulatum (cr5-10 or cr5-9). these mapping populations segregate for resistance to ascochyta blight (caused by ascochyta rabiei), fusarium wilt (caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris) and rust (caused by uromyces ciceris-arietini). the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in ten resistance gene analogs ( ... | 2009 | 19034411 |
| cloning and heterologous expression of ss10, a subtilisin-like protease displaying antifungal activity from trichoderma harzianum. | trichoderma harzianum parasitizes a large variety of phytopathogenic fungi. trichoderma harzianum mycoparasitic activity depends on the secretion of complex mixtures of hydrolytic enzymes able to degrade the host cell wall. a gene (ss10) encoding a subtilisin-like protease was cloned from t. harzianum t88, a biocontrol agent effective against soil-borne fungal pathogens. the full-length cdna was isolated by 5' and 3' rapid amplification of the cdna ends. the coding region of the gene is 1302 bp ... | 2009 | 19025577 |
| the effector protein avr2 of the xylem-colonizing fungus fusarium oxysporum activates the tomato resistance protein i-2 intracellularly. | to promote host colonization, many plant pathogens secrete effector proteins that either suppress or counteract host defences. however, when these effectors are recognized by the host's innate immune system, they trigger resistance rather than promoting virulence. effectors are therefore key molecules in determining disease susceptibility or resistance. we show here that avr2, secreted by the vascular wilt fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (fol), shows both activities: it is required ... | 2009 | 19228334 |
| effects of calcium cyanamide on soil microbial communities and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumberinum. | calcium cyanamide (cacn(2)) has been one of the potential candidates as soil disinfectant since the restriction of methyl bromide in soil fumigation due to its ecological risk. however, little information is available on effects of cacn(2) on soil microbial community. in this study, the soil microbial communities and the fate of pathogen fusarium oxysporum (schlechtend, fr) f. sp. cucumberinum (owen) snyder and hansen (f.o. f. sp. cucumberinum) in response to cacn(2) treatment was evaluated. f.o ... | 2009 | 19230952 |
| ecological fitness of the biocontrol agent fusarium oxysporum fo47 in soil and its impact on the soil microbial communities. | some nonpathogenic strains of fusarium oxysporum can control fusarium diseases responsible for severe damages in many crops. success of biological control provided by protective strains requires their establishment in the soil. the strain fo47 has proved its efficacy under experimental conditions, but its ecological fitness has not been carefully studied. in a series of microcosm studies, the ability of a benomyl-resistant mutant fo47b10 to establish in two different soils was demonstrated. one ... | 2009 | 19243437 |
| changes in the redox status of chickpea roots in response to infection by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris: apoplastic antioxidant enzyme activities and expression of oxidative stress-related genes. | activity levels of oxidative stress-related enzymes in the root apoplast during the interaction of wr315 (resistant) and jg62 (susceptible) chickpeas (cicer arietinum l.) with the highly virulent race 5 of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris were compared. because this fungus develops asymptomatic infections in the chickpea root cortex in both susceptible and resistant plants, but only intrudes into the root xylem in the susceptible variety, the interactions were compared at three specific stages ... | 2009 | 19228326 |
| differential elicitation of proteases and protease inhibitors in two different genotypes of chickpea (cicer arietinum) by salicylic acid and spermine. | elicitation of proteases and protease inhibitors (pis) by salicylic acid (sa) and spermine (spm) was investigated in roots and shoots of two different genotypes of chickpea cultivars iccv10 and l550, which were resistant and susceptible to wilt disease, respectively. sa and spm were found to suppress the elicitation of proteases in the resistant cv, whereas they induce it in susceptible cv. elicitation of new trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors was observed in the roots and shoots of resistant c ... | 2009 | 19201507 |
| phenol degradation by fusarium oxysporum gj4 is affected by toxic catalytic polymerization mediated by copper oxide. | a phenol-degrading fungus, fusarium oxysporum gj4, was isolated from contaminated soil and was able to use phenol as a sole carbon and energy source. catechol was detected during phenol degradation and this was polymerized by cu(2)o added to the medium. f. oxysporum gj4 was unable to degrade phenol at concentrations greater than 2mm when cu(2)o was present in the liquid growth medium. catechol polymerization and deposition on the fungal surface was thought to be the main reason for the cessation ... | 2009 | 19211129 |
| crawler, a novel tc1/mariner-type transposable element in aspergillus oryzae transposes under stress conditions. | a novel active transposable element, designated crawler, has been isolated from an industrial strain (osi1013) of aspergillus oryzae as an insertion sequence within the niad gene encoding nitrate reductase. it is 1290bp in length with imperfect terminal inverted repeats of 28bp and is flanked by 2bp (ta) target site duplications. it contains an open reading frame with no introns that encodes a putative transposase (aota) of 357 amino acid residues, which is highly homologous to the transposase e ... | 2009 | 19269345 |
| eukaryotic nirk genes encoding copper-containing nitrite reductase: originating from the protomitochondrion? | although denitrification or nitrate respiration has been found among a few eukaryotes, its phylogenetic relationship with the bacterial system remains unclear because orthologous genes involved in the bacterial denitrification system were not identified in these eukaryotes. in this study, we isolated a gene from the denitrifying fungus fusarium oxysporum that is homologous to the bacterial nirk gene responsible for encoding copper-containing nitrite reductase (nirk). characterization of the gene ... | 2009 | 19270125 |
| pomegranin, an antifungal peptide from pomegranate peels. | a new antifungal peptide designated as pomegranin, with an n-terminal sequence resembling that of rice disease resistance nb-s-lrr-like protein, was isolated from fresh pomegranate peels by ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on superdex 75. pomegranin was unadsorbed on deae-cellulose but adsorbed on affi-gel blue gel. it exhibited a molecular mass of 11 kda in both gel filtration an ... | 2009 | 19149678 |
| rna silencing is required for arabidopsis defence against verticillium wilt disease. | rna silencing is a conserved mechanism in eukaryotes that plays an important role in various biological processes including regulation of gene expression. rna silencing also plays a role in genome stability and protects plants against invading nucleic acids such as transgenes and viruses. recently, rna silencing has been found to play a role in defence against bacterial plant pathogens in arabidopsis through modulating host defence responses. in this study, it is shown that gene silencing plays ... | 2009 | 19098131 |
| the role of crustins in litopenaeus vannamei in response to infection with shrimp pathogens: an in vivo approach. | crustin antimicrobial peptides, identified in crustaceans, are hypothesized to have both antimicrobial and protease inhibitor activity based on their primary structure and in vitro assays. in this study, a reverse genetic approach was utilized to test the hypothesis that crustins are antimicrobial in vivo in response to bacterial and fungal challenge. injection of double-stranded rna specific to a 120-bp region of lvabp1, one of the most prominent crustin isoforms, yielded a significant reductio ... | 2009 | 19100764 |
| identification of fungal species by fragment length analysis of the internally transcribed spacer 2 region. | the rapid identification of fungal pathogens in clinical specimens is a prerequisite for timely onset of the most appropriate treatment. the aim of the present study was to develop a sensitive and rapid method for the species-specific identification of clinically relevant fungi. we employed fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-fragment length analysis of the highly variable internally transcribed spacer 2 (its2) region to identify individual fungal species by their specific amplicon sizes ... | 2009 | 19104852 |
| variation and phylogeny of fusarium oxysporum isolates based on nucleotide sequences of polygalacturonase genes. | the nucleotide sequences of two endopolygalacturonase genes (pg1 and pg5) and two exopolygalacturonase genes (pgx1 and pgx4), which encode members of a major family of secreted cell-wall-degrading enzymes (cwdes), were compared to detect the extent of genetic variation among isolates of fusarium oxysporum. the nucleotide variation rate in exons was 0.23-0.93%, higher than that in introns (0.01-0.64%) and untranslated regions (utrs) (0.07-0.25%), resulting in 0.05-0.31% variation in amino acids. ... | 2009 | 21566363 |
| phenotypic analysis of arabidopsis mutants: oomycete pathogens. | various fungal pathogens are used in arabidopsis pathogen studies, including fusarium oxysporum, alternaria brassicicola, botrytis cinerea, and others. the oomycete pathogen peronospora parasitica has been used by several groups and is described in this protocol. working with peronospora is complicated by the fact that it is an obligate biotroph, and consequently cultures must be maintained on living plants. there is no central repository for peronospora stocks, but most investigators who work w ... | 2009 | 20147042 |
| shifts in banana root exudate profiles after colonization with the non-pathogenic fusarium oxysporum strain fo162. | the non-pathogenic fungus fusorium oxysporum strain fo162 can efficiently colonize banana roots and reduce infecting by the burrowing nematode radopholus similis. it is assumed that the fungus triggers a systemic reaction in the plant, which is affecting the biochemical composition of the root exudates and is thus causing the reduction in nematode colonization. to characterize these shifts, a continuous flow experiment was set up to collect root metabolites on a matrix (xad-4). based on hplc ana ... | 2009 | 20222617 |
| influence of mineral amendment on disease suppressive activity of pseudomonas fluorescens to fusarium wilt of chickpea. | fusarium wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri causes considerable yield loss of chickpea. pseudomonas fluorescens4-92 (pf4-92) strain can suppress the disease. amendment of zinc edta and copper edta could not suppress the disease significantly when used alone; however, they significantly suppressed the disease in presence of pf4-92. in vitro observation showed that at 40, 30 and 20microgml(-1) concentrations of these minerals, i.e. zn, cu and zn plus cu, respectively, completely repre ... | 2009 | 17604612 |
| study on the diversity of endophytic communities from rice (oryza sativa l.) and their antagonistic activities in vitro. | endophytic populations were isolated from 2400 segments of oryza sativa collected from bhadra river project area, southern india during december 2005 (winter) and april 2006 (summer). overall colonization rates from surface sterilized tissues were 40.3% in roots and 25.83% in leaves during winter season, 20.15% in roots and 8.66% in leaves during summer season. nineteen different fungal taxa, a streptomyces sp. and bacterial species were isolated. streptomyces sp., chaetomium globosum, penicilli ... | 2009 | 17433644 |
| synergistic effect of beneficial rhizosphere microflora in biocontrol and plant growth promotion. | biological systems are getting more relevance than chemical control of plant pathogens as they are not only eco-friendly and economic in approach but are also involved in improving the soil consistency and maintenance of natural soil flora. plant growth promoting rhizosphere microorganisms were isolated from three different tree rhizospheres using selective culture media. five microorganisms were selected from each rhizosphere soil based on their efficiency and screened for their ability to prom ... | 2009 | 18792056 |
| bioreduction of platinum salts into nanoparticles: a mechanistic perspective. | a mechanism for the bioreduction of h2ptcl6 and ptcl2 into platinum nanoparticles by a hydrogenase enzyme from fusarium oxysporum is proposed. octahedral h2ptcl6 is too large to fit into the active region of the enzyme and, under conditions optimum for nanoparticle formation (ph 9, 65 degrees c), undergoes a two-electron reduction to ptcl2 on the molecular surface of the enzyme. this smaller molecule is transported through hydrophobic channels within the enzyme to the active region where, under ... | 2009 | 18773149 |
| biocontrol and other beneficial activities of bacillus subtilis isolated from cowdung microflora. | bacillus subtilis strains isolated from cowdung (cd) had several beneficial attributes, which included biocontrol, plant growth promotion, sulphur (s) oxidation, phosphorus (p) solubilization and production of industrially important enzymes (amylase and cellulase). the b. subtilis strains from cd inhibited the in vitro growth of fungi, fusarium oxysporum (25-34%) and botryodiplodia theobromae (100%), isolated from the postharvest rots of yam (dioscorea rotundata) tubers. other than biocontrol, b ... | 2009 | 17320363 |
| the influence of environmental factors on growth and interactions between embellisia allii and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae isolated from garlic. | embellisia allii results in the formation of a bulb canker and black soot on the surface of different alliums and it has been frequently detected on garlic bulbs together with the spoilage fungus, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, which causes bulb basal plate rot. in this study, the influence of water activity (a(w)) and temperature on mycelial growth of e. allii and f. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, conidial size and sporulation of e. allii, interactions between e. allii and f. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, ... | 2010 | 20153538 |
| antifungal activities of ethanolic extract from jatropha curcas seed cake. | phorbol ester extraction was carried out from jatropha curcas seed cake, a by-product from the bio-diesel fuel industry. four repeated extractions from 5 g j. curcas seed cake using 15 ml of 90% (v/v) ethanol and a shaking speed of 150 rev/min gave the highest yield of phosbol esters. the ethanolic extract of j. curcas seed cake showed antifungal activities against important phytofungal pathogens: fusarium oxysporum, pythium aphanidermatum, lasiodiplodia theobromae, curvularia lunata, fusarium s ... | 2010 | 20208435 |
| investigation of factors influencing spore germination of paenibacillus polymyxa accc10252 and sqr-21. | bioorganic fertilizer containing paenibacillus polymyxa sqr-21 showed very good antagonistic activity against fusarium oxysporum. to optimize the role of p. polymyxa sqr-21 in bioorganic fertilizer, we conducted a study of spore germination under various conditions. in this study, l-asparagine, glucose, fructose and k(+) (agfk), and sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and lactose) plus l-alanine were evaluated to determine their ability to induce spore germination of two strains; p. polymyxa acc ... | 2010 | 20309541 |
| haemolymph protein and lipid profile of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infected by fungi. | the current study evaluates the protein and lipid profile of haemolymph of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus engorged females infected by metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana or fusarium oxysporum. ticks were immersed or inoculated with conidial suspension. haemolymph was collected from the dorsal surface of engorged females. the results showed altered total protein amounts; however, no significant difference was observed on electrophoretic profile among haemolymph samples. in addition, ... | 2010 | 20537114 |
| antifungal activity of eugenol against penicillium, aspergillus, and fusarium species. | the antifungal activity of eugenol in a model system against aspergilli (aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, and emericella nidulans), penicilli (penicillium expansum, penicillium glabrum, and penicillium italicum), and fusaria (fusarium oxysporum and fusarium avenaceum) was investigated. minimum detection time (time to attain a colony diameter of 1 cm) and the kinetic parameters were evaluated. the effectiveness of the active compound seemed to be strain or genus dependent; 100 mg/liter rep ... | 2010 | 20537272 |
| nuclear dynamics during germination, conidiation, and hyphal fusion of fusarium oxysporum. | in many fungal pathogens, infection is initiated by conidial germination. subsequent stages involve germ tube elongation, conidiation, and vegetative hyphal fusion (anastomosis). here, we used live-cell fluorescence to study the dynamics of green fluorescent protein (gfp)- and cherry fluorescent protein (chfp)-labeled nuclei in the plant pathogen fusarium oxysporum. hyphae of f. oxysporum have uninucleated cells and exhibit an acropetal nuclear pedigree, where only the nucleus in the apical comp ... | 2010 | 20543061 |
| fusarium oxysporum homogenates and jasmonate induce limited sanguinarine accumulation in argemone mexicana cell cultures. | in vitro cultures of argemone mexicana (papaveraceae) were induced from leaves of mature plants. sanguinarine, a benzophenanthridine, was the main alkaloid in the cultures, even in the absence of inducers of secondary metabolism. the accumulation of this metabolite was increased by adding methyl jasmonate and fungal elicitors, although in a limited fashion in comparison to other sanguinarine-producing species. evidence of a transport mechanism, which may be related to the magnitude of the respon ... | 2010 | 20349332 |
| characterization of a novel plantain asr gene, mpasr, that is regulated in response to infection of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and abiotic stresses. | asr (abscisic acid, stress, ripening induced) genes are typically upregulated by a wide range of factors, including drought, cold, salt, abscisic acid (aba) and injury; in addition to plant responses to developmental and environmental signals. we isolated an asr gene, mpasr, from a suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) cdna library of cold induced plantain (musa paradisiaca) leaves. mpasr expression was upregulated in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense infected plantain leaves, peels and ro ... | 2010 | 20377692 |
| molecular characterization of fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae by issr and rapd markers on eggplant. | fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae is a major soil-borne pathogen of eggplant (solanum melongena). issr and rapd markers were used to characterize fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae isolates collected from eggplant fields in southern turkey. those isolates were not pathogenic to tomato. pathogens were identified by their morphology, and their identity was confirmed by pcr amplification using the specific primer pf02-3. the isolates were classified into groups on the basis of issr and rapd fingerprin ... | 2010 | 20390339 |
| co-composting of solid and liquid olive mill wastes: management aspects and the horticultural value of the resulting composts. | successful co-composting of solid and liquid olive mill wastes (omw) and obtaining a product of horticultural value may increase the viability of this recycling approach. two composting cycles were performed, in which olive mill solid wastes (omsw) were used to form five mixtures, wetted either with fresh water or with olive mill wastewater (omww). up to approximately 0.3m(3) of omww could be applied to each m(3) of the raw materials without negatively affecting the chemical, physical and hortic ... | 2010 | 20399644 |
| when do arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi protect plant roots from pathogens? | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi are mainly thought to facilitate phosphorus uptake in plants, but they can also perform several other functions that are equally beneficial. our recent study sheds light on the factors determining one such function, enhanced plant protection from root pathogens. root infection by the fungal pathogen fusarium oxysporum was determined by both plant susceptibility and the ability of an am fungal partner to suppress the pathogen. the non-susceptible plant species (a ... | 2010 | 20400855 |
| recombinant amaranth cystatin (ahcpi) inhibits the growth of phytopathogenic fungi. | phytocystatins are cysteine proteinase inhibitors from plants implicated in defense mechanisms against insects and plant pathogens. we have previously characterized an amaranth cystatin cdna and analyzed its response to different kinds of abiotic stress [37]. in order to characterize amaranth cystatin, the coding sequence was expressed in escherichia coli using the pqe-2 vector. recombinant cystatin was predominantly found in the soluble fraction of the cell extract. large amounts (266 mgl(-1)) ... | 2010 | 20403704 |
| the arms race between tomato and fusarium oxysporum. | the interaction between tomato and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici has become a model system for the study of the molecular basis of disease resistance and susceptibility. gene-for-gene interactions in this system have provided the basis for the development of tomato cultivars resistant to fusarium wilt disease. over the last 6 years, new insights into the molecular basis of these gene-for-gene interactions have been obtained. highlights are the identification of three avirulence genes in ... | 2010 | 20447279 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new thiazole, thiophene and pyrazole derivatives containing benzothiazole moiety. | in an attempt to find a new class of antimicrobial agents, a series of thiazole, thiophene, pyrazole and other related products containing benzothiazole moiety were prepared via the reaction of n-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-cyanoacetamide (1) with appropriate chemical reagents. these compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes), gram-negative bacteria (pseudomonas phaseolicola and pseudomonas fluorescens) and ... | 2010 | 20605657 |
| the two-component histidine kinase fhk1 controls stress adaptation and virulence of fusarium oxysporum. | fungal histidine kinases (hks) have been implicated in different processes, such as the osmostress response, hyphal development, sensitivity to fungicides and virulence. members of hk class iii are known to signal through the hog mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk), but possible interactions with other mapks have not been explored. in this study, we have characterized fhk1, encoding a putative class iii hk from the soil-borne vascular wilt pathogen fusarium oxysporum. inactivation of fhk1 re ... | 2010 | 20447287 |
| antagonism of some aquatic hyphomycetes against plant pathogenic fungi. | the antagonistic activity of five aquatic hyphomycetes, viz., heliscus lugdunensis, tetrachaetum elegans, tetracladium breve, t. marchalianum, and t. nainitalense, against seven plant pathogenic fungi was studied using a dual culture technique. inhibitory activity of tested aquatic hyphomycetes was determined by measuring the radial growth of plant pathogenic fungi on dual culture plates. tetrachaetum elegans showed antagonistic activity against colletotrichum falcatum, fusarium oxysporum, pyric ... | 2010 | 20454756 |
| production of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles in water extracts of the fungus amylomyces rouxii strain ksu-09. | a fungal strain, ksu-09, isolated from the roots of date palm (phoenix dactylifera), was identified as amylomyces rouxii based on sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of its rrna genes. mycelia-free water extracts obtained from mycelium suspended in water for 72h facilitated the production of stable, predominantly monodispersed and spherical silver nanoparticles (agnps) in the size range of 5-27nm upon addition of 1mm silver nitrate, as determined by the xrd, afm and ... | 2010 | 20619641 |
| structural, spectral and biological studies of binuclear tetradentate metal complexes of n3o schiff base ligand synthesized from 4,6-diacetylresorcinol and diethylenetriamine. | the binuclear schiff base, h2l, ligand was synthesized by reaction of 4,6-diacetylresorcinol with diethylenetriamine in the molar ratio 1:2. the coordination behavior of the h2l towards cu(ii), ni(ii), co(ii), zn(ii), fe(iii), cr(iii), vo(iv) and uo2(vi) ions has been investigated. the elemental analyses, magnetic moments, thermal studies and ir, electronic, 1h nmr, esr and mass spectra were used to characterize the isolated ligand and its metal complexes. the ligand acts as dibasic with two n3o ... | 2010 | 20627808 |
| formation of fumonisins and other secondary metabolites by fusarium oxysporum and f. proliferatum: a comparative study. | the principal aim of this study was to estimate the formation of fumonisins (fb(1) and fb(2)), moniliformin (mon), and ergosterol (erg) by fusarium oxysporum and fusarium proliferatum, while the formation of beauvericin (bea) was estimated by the latter fusarium species only. moreover, the effect of temperature on the biosynthesis of mycotoxins was also evaluated. fumonisins were formed by f. proliferatum, with the highest yield at 18 degrees c (720.0-1976.6 microg g(-1) for fb(1), 74.2-670.8 mi ... | 2010 | 20455157 |
| stable integration and expression of wasabi defensin gene in "egusi" melon (colocynthis citrullus l.) confers resistance to fusarium wilt and alternaria leaf spot. | production of "egusi" melon (colocynthis citrullus l.) in west africa is limited by fungal diseases, such as alternaria leaf spot and fusarium wilt. in order to engineer "egusi" resistant to these diseases, cotyledonary explants of two "egusi" genotypes, 'ejagham' and nhc1-130, were transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha101 harbouring wasabi defensin gene (isolated from wasabia japonica l.) in a binary vector pekh1. after co-cultivation for 3 days, infected explants were transferr ... | 2010 | 20552202 |
| cu(ii): a "signaling molecule" of the mangrove endophyte fusarium oxysporum zzf51? | we previously reported the isolation of cu-fusaric acid (cu-fa) complex from the mangrove endophyte fusarium oxysporum zzf51. in this study, we explored the mechanism of cu-fa production in the strain zzf51 by comparing with that of another endophyte fusarium sp. b2, which produced fa but not cu-fa in the same culture condition. the results allowed us to hypothesize that cu(2+) may act as a "signaling molecule" to awaken the silent fa biosynthetic genes in zzf51, inducing intracellular productio ... | 2010 | 20526798 |
| trichoderma harzianum and glomus intraradices modify the hormone disruption induced by fusarium oxysporum infection in melon plants. | the plant hormones salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja), ethylene (et), and abscisic acid (aba) are known to play crucial roles in plant disease and pest resistance. changes in the concentrations of these plant hormones in melon plant shoots, as a consequence of the interaction between the plant, the pathogen fusarium oxysporum, the antagonistic microorganism trichoderma harzianum, and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices were investigated. attack by f. oxysporum activated a ... | 2010 | 20528186 |
| allelochemical tricin in rice hull and its aurone isomer against rice seedling rot disease. | one promising area of rice disease management is the potential of exploiting biological control agents. rice seedling rot disease caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi has become a dominant disease problem because of greater use of direct seeding. rice hull has been potentially used to control paddy weeds, but little information is available on rice disease. this study was conducted to investigate the relationships between disease incidence and soil amended with tricin-releasing rice hull, and t ... | 2010 | 20730995 |
| identification of a hypothetical protein from podospora anserina as a nitroalkane oxidase. | the flavoprotein nitroalkane oxidase (nao) from fusarium oxysporum catalyzes the oxidation of primary and secondary nitroalkanes to their respective aldehydes and ketones. structurally, the enzyme is a member of the acyl-coa dehydrogenase superfamily. to date no enzymes other than that from f. oxysporum have been annotated as naos. to identify additional potential naos, the available database was searched for enzymes in which the active site residues asp402, arg409, and ser276 were conserved. of ... | 2010 | 20481475 |
| cloning, heterologous expression, and functional characterization of a chitinase gene, lbchi32, from limonium bicolor. | in the present study, an endochitinase gene, lbchi32, was cloned from limonium bicolor. the cdna sequence of lbchi32 was 1,443 bp in length and encoded 319 amino acid residues. the dna sequence of lbchi32 was 2,512 bp in length and contained three exons and two introns. the lbchi32 gene was inserted into a ppic9 vector and transferred into pichia pastoris strains gs115 and km71 for heterologous expression. sds-page analyses indicated that lbchi32 was expressed in both gs115 and km71 and that it ... | 2010 | 20512617 |
| morphological changes of fusarium oxysporum induced by cf66i, an antifungal compound from burkholderia cepacia. | the morphological effects of cf66i, an antifungal compound produced by burkholderia cepacia, on growing hyphae of fusarium oxysporum were studied by fluorescence microscopy (fm) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). at 20 μg/ml, cf66i strongly inhibited growth and induced significant changes of the hyphal morphology. these changes included swelling of hyphae with considerable thickening cell wall and abnormal chitin deposition, which was indicative of the alterations in cell wall structure ... | 2010 | 20495943 |
| pathogenicity of fusarium oxysporum against the larvae of culex quinquefasciatus (say) and anopheles stephensi (liston) in laboratory. | the entomopathogenic fungi fusarium oxysporum are the next generation mosquito controlling agent. f. oxysporum basically contains unique toxin and can be a selectively good agent in tropical countries. we are reporting here the efficacy of the metabolites of f. oxysporum against the larvae of anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus in the laboratory. f. oxysporum was grown on czapek dox broth. the bioassays were run at five different concentrations (1.30, 1.60, 1.77, 1.90, and 2.00 ppm). ... | 2010 | 20499096 |
| a nitrogen response pathway regulates virulence functions in fusarium oxysporum via the protein kinase tor and the bzip protein meab. | during infection, fungal pathogens activate virulence mechanisms, such as host adhesion, penetration and invasive growth. in the vascular wilt fungus fusarium oxysporum, the mitogen-activated protein kinase fmk1 is required for plant infection and controls processes such as cellophane penetration, vegetative hyphal fusion, or root adhesion. here, we show that these virulence-related functions are repressed by the preferred nitrogen source ammonium and restored by treatment with l-methionine sulf ... | 2010 | 20639450 |
| pathogenicity of fusarium isolates to striga hermonthica in burkina faso. | striga hermonthica (del.) benth. is an important constraint to cereal crop production in burkina faso, of which sorghum (sorghum bicolor l. moench) is the most important component. native fusarium species to use as bio-control agents to s. hermonthica has been investigated. fifty one fusarium isolates obtained from diseased plants of s. hermonthica were evaluated for their pathogenicity against striga under controlled environmental conditions. of 51 fusarium isolates, 14 were pathogenic to s. he ... | 2010 | 20464941 |
| the genomic organization of plant pathogenicity in fusarium species. | comparative genomics is a powerful tool to infer the molecular basis of fungal pathogenicity and its evolution by identifying differences in gene content and genomic organization between fungi with different hosts or modes of infection. through comparative analysis, pathogenicity-related chromosomes have been identified in fusarium oxysporum and fusarium solani that contain genes for host-specific virulence. lateral transfer of pathogenicity chromosomes, inferred from genomic data, now has been ... | 2010 | 20471307 |
| development of the molecular methods for rapid detection and differentiation of fusarium oxysporum and f. oxysporum f. sp. niveum in taiwan. | fusarium wilt, caused by fusarium oxysporum (fo), is one of the most important fungal diseases worldwide. like other plant pathogens, fo displays specialized forms in association with its hosts. for example, f. oxysporum f. sp. niveum (fon) is the damaging pathogen causing fusarium wilt disease on watermelon, whereas f. oxysporum f. sp. cubense is the pathogen that infects banana. a rapid and reliable pathogen identification or disease diagnosis is essential for the integrated disease management ... | 2010 | 20471505 |