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de-novo biosynthesis of chlorinated aromatics by the white-rot fungus bjerkandera sp. bos55. formation of 3-chloro-anisaldehyde from glucose.the white-rot fungus bjerkandera sp. bos55 produced de-novo several aromatic metabolites. besides veratryl alcohol and veratraldehyde, compounds which are known to be involved in the ligninolytic system of several other white-rot fungi, other metabolites were formed. these included anisaldehyde, 3-chloro-anisaldehyde and a yet unknown compound containing two chlorine atoms. additionally gc/ms analysis revealed the production of small amounts of anisyl alcohol and 3-chloro-anisyl alcohol. after 1 ...19921299620
screening of basidiomycetes for lignin peroxidase genes using a dna probe.basidiomycetes were screened for lignin peroxidase (lpo) genes using a dna probe prepared from the lpo restriction fragment of phanerochaete chrysosporium. southern blot analysis showed restriction fragments of chromosomal dna of bjerkandera adusta and coriolus consors hybridized with the probe. bjerkandera adusta produced lpo in a glucose-peptone medium. ion-exchange chromatography showed that this fungus produced multiple molecular forms of lpo. one of the enzymes, lpo-2, was purified and char ...19901366392
molecular analysis of a bjerkandera adusta lignin peroxidase gene.a cdna clone, lambda lpo-1, encoding a major lignin peroxidase from the basidiomycete bjerkandera adusta was isolated and characterized. the nucleotide sequence of lambda lpo-1 predicts a mature protein consisting of 349 amino acids with a molecular weight of 37,225 preceded by a signal peptide of 23 amino acid residues. we have also cloned and sequenced the gene encoding lignin peroxidase from b. adusta. comparison of these sequences reveals a lignin peroxidase gene structure consisting of 1,11 ...19911367394
biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by new isolates of white rot fungi.eight rapid poly r-478 dye-decolorizing isolates from the netherlands were screened in this study for the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) supplied at 10 mg liter(-1). several well-known ligninolytic culture collection strains, phanerochaete chrysosporium bkm-f-1767, trametes versicolor paprican 52, and bjerkandera adusta cbs 595.78 were tested in parallel. all of the strains significantly removed anthracene, and nine of the strains significantly removed benzo(a)pyrene be ...19921637159
characterization of lignin peroxidase-encoding genes from lignin-degrading basidiomycetes.two closely linked lignin peroxidase (lpo)-encoding genes (lpo) from phanerochaete chrysosporium were isolated. nucleotide sequence studies indicated that the two genes are separated by 1.3 kb of flanking dna and transcribed in opposite directions. cloned p. chrysosporium lpo gene probes have been shown to hybridize to multiple sequences present in the dnas of the white-rot fungi, bjerkandera adusta, coriolus versicolor and fomes lignosus, but no hybridization was detected with dna from pleurotu ...19902373364
aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase from the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. gene cloning, sequence analysis, expression, and purification of the recombinant enzyme.a cdna clone encoding a ligninolytic aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (aad; ec 1.1.1.91) from the white-rot basidiomycete fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium was isolated and characterized. the nucleotide sequence obtained reveals an open reading frame encoding a protein of 385 amino acids. substantial homology (49.3% identity and 67.3% similarity, respectively) was observed between aad and an open reading frame sequence present on chromosome iii of saccharomyces cerevisiae. a southern blot analysis sh ...19947961751
comparison of gas chromatography and mineralization experiments for measuring loss of selected polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in cultures of white rot fungi.two methods were used to compare the biodegradation of six polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners by 12 white rot fungi. four fungi were found to be more active than phanerochaete chrysosporium atcc 24725. biodegradation of the following congeners was monitored by gas chromatography: 2,3-dichlorobiphenyl, 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl, 2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl (2,4',5-tcb), 2,2',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl. the congener tested for mine ...19989603809
a study on reducing substrates of manganese-oxidizing peroxidases from pleurotus eryngii and bjerkandera adusta.a novel peroxidase, oxidizing mn2+ and different aromatic compounds, was isolated. hydroquinones, substituted phenols, dyes, other aromatic compounds and mn2+ were compared as reducing substrates, and conclusions presented in the light of a molecular model built by homology modeling. the enzymes showed the fastest reaction rates with mn2+, but the highest affinity corresponded to hydroquinones and dyes. oxidation of reactive black 5 (an azo-dye not oxidized by mn3+) was non-competitively inhibit ...19989654123
transformation of industrial dyes by manganese peroxidases from bjerkandera adusta and pleurotus eryngii in a manganese-independent reaction.we investigated the transformation of six industrial azo and phthalocyanine dyes by ligninolytic peroxidases from bjerkandera adusta and other white rot fungi. the dyes were not oxidized or were oxidized very little by phanerochaete chrysosporium manganese peroxidase (mnp) or by a chemically generated mn3+-lactate complex. lignin peroxidase (lip) from b. adusta also showed low activity with most of the dyes, but the specific activities increased 8- to 100-fold when veratryl alcohol was included ...19989687431
purification and characterization of peroxidases from the dye-decolorizing fungus bjerkandera adusta.a peroxidase oxidizing mn2+ (mnp) is described for the first time in bjerkandera adusta, a fungus efficiently degrading xenobiotic compounds. the mnp appeared as two isoenzymes, which were purified to homogeneity together with two lignin peroxidases (lip). their n-terminal sequences were identical, but the mnp isoenzymes showed more basic isoelectric points and differences in amino acid composition and catalytic properties. the b. adusta lip is similar to lip from phanerochaete chrysoporium. how ...19989711838
fungal degradation of lipophilic extractives in eucalyptus globulus woodsolid-state fermentation of eucalypt wood with several fungal strains was investigated as a possible biological pretreatment for decreasing the content of compounds responsible for pitch deposition during cl2-free manufacture of paper pulp. first, different pitch deposits were characterized by gas chromatography (gc) and gc-mass spectrometry (ms). the chemical species identified arose from lipophilic wood extractives that survived the pulping and bleaching processes. second, a detailed gc-ms ana ...199910103223
degradation of three phenylurea herbicides (chlortoluron, isoproturon and diuron) by micromycetes isolated from soil.as part of a study conducted on the fate of xenobiotics in the environment, a selection of 100 strains of micromycetes (ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and yeasts) have been cultivated in liquid synthetic medium with 3 phenylurea herbicides: chlortoluron and isoproturon (100mg l-1) and diuron (20mg l-1). while 17 strains depleted isoproturon over 50% only 4 depleted diuron and 2 chlortoluron at the same level. the best results were obtained with bjerkandera adusta and oxysporus sp which were the mos ...199910230047
biochemical characterization, cdna cloning and protein crystallization of aryl-alcohol oxidase from pleurotus pulmonarius.aryl-alcohol oxidase (aao) involved in lignin degradation by pleurotus pulmonarius has been purified and characterized. the enzyme was produced in glucose-peptone medium and isolated in a sole chromatographic step using sephacryl s-200. the purified enzyme is an extracellular glycoprotein with 14% n-carbohydrate content and an estimated molecular mass of 70.5 kda and pi of 3.95. the kinetic studies showed the highest enzyme affinity against p-anisyl alcohol, with constants similar to those of pl ...200010606774
fungal degradation of fluorene.a selection of 30 strains of micromycetes known as good degraders of polychlorinated aromatic compounds, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been investigated to degrade fluorene. toxicity assays, first evaluated on solid media, have shown high growth inhibition at concentrations above 0.001 g l-1 only towards 23% of strains. degradation of fluorene (0.005 g l-1) was then investigated in liquid synthetic medium for 2 days and evaluated by hplc. among the 30 ...200010665449
different fungal manganese-oxidizing peroxidases: a comparison between bjerkandera sp. and phanerochaete chrysosporium.two manganese-oxidizing peroxidases differing in glycosylation degree were purified from fermenter cultures of bjerkandera sp. they were characterized and compared with the three manganese-oxidizing peroxidase isoenzymes obtained from the well-known ligninolytic fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. all the enzymes showed similar molecular masses but those from p. chrysosporium had less acidic isoelectric point. moreover, the latter strictly required mn2+ to oxidize phenolic substrates whereas the ...200010682282
novel scheme for biosynthesis of aryl metabolites from l-phenylalanine in the fungus bjerkandera adusta.aryl metabolite biosynthesis was studied in the white rot fungus bjerkandera adusta cultivated in a liquid medium supplemented with l-phenylalanine. aromatic compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following addition of labelled precursors ((14)c- and (13)c-labelled l-phenylalanine), which did not interfere with fungal metabolism. the major aromatic compounds identified were benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde (bitter almond aroma), and benzoic acid. hydroxy- and methoxybenzylic ...200010742235
formation of acyl radical in lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid by manganese-dependent peroxidase from ceriporiopsis subvermispora and bjerkandera adusta.lipid peroxidation by managanese peroxidase (mnp) is reported to decompose recalcitrant polycyclic aromatic hydrocabon (pah) and nonphenolic lignin models. to elucidate the oxidative process, linoleic acid and 13(s)-hydroperoxy-9z,11e-octadecadienoic acid [13(s)-hpode] were reacted with mnps from ceriporiopsis subvermispora and bjerkandera adusta and the free radicals produced were analyzed by esr. when the mnps were reacted with 13(s)-hpode in the presence of mn(ii), h2o2 and tert-nitrosobutane ...200010866827
mn-peroxidase from bjerkandera adusta 90-41. purification and substrate specificity.mn-peroxidase has been purified to homogeneity from culture liquid of white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta 90-41 grown on medium containing lignosulfonates. according to the data on sds-page and isoelectrofocusing, the molecular mass of the enzyme is 43 kd and the isoelectric point is 3.5. the ph-optimum in the reaction of mnso4 oxidation is 4.5. the substrate specificity of the enzyme has been studied. in contrast to previously known mn-peroxidases from b. adusta, the isolated enzyme has no acti ...200010887291
polymerization of guaiacol by lignin-degrading manganese peroxidase from bjerkandera adusta in aqueous organic solvents.lignin-degrading manganese (ii) peroxidase (mnp) purified from the culture of a wood-rotting basidiomycete, bjerkandera adusta, was used in the polymerization of guaiacol. mnp was found to catalyze polymerization of guaiacol in 50% aqueous acetone, dimethyl formamide, methanol, ethanol, dioxane, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol and methylcellosolve. maximum yield of polyguaiacol was achieved in 50% aqueous acetone. the weight average molecular weight (mw) of the polymer was estimated to be 30,300 b ...200010952012
southern blot screening for lignin peroxidase and aryl-alcohol oxidase genes in 30 fungal species.screening to detect genes encoding lignin peroxidase (lip) and aryl-alcohol oxidase (aao) has been carried out with 30 fungal strain using dna probes from genes lpo of phanerochaete chrysosporium (encoding lip isoenzyme h8) and aao of pleurotus eryngii. evidence for the presence of genes closely related to lpo was found in bjerkandera adusta, fomes fomentarius, ganoderma applanatum, ganoderma australe, lentinula degener, peniophora gigantea, p. chrysosporium, phanerochaete flavido-alba and trame ...200011051421
in vitro activities of approved and investigational antifungal agents against 44 clinical isolates of basidiomycetous fungi.the in vitro activity of amphotericin b, fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole was evaluated against 44 clinical isolates of filamentous basidiomycetous fungi. no statistically significant differences were noted between schizophyllum commune (n = 5), coprinus species (n = 8), bjerkandera adusta (n = 14), and sterile, uncharacterized basidiomycetes (n = 17).200111158771
screening of micro-organisms for decolorization of melanins produced by bluestain fungi.a total of 17 fungi and four bacteria were screened for their ability to decolorize melanin, using isolated extracellular melanin of the bluestain fungus aureobasidium pullulans as substrate. on agar media, decolorization was observed by four fungal strains: bjerkandera adusta vtt-d-99746, galactomyces geotrichum vtt-d-84228, trametes hirsuta vtt-d-95443 and trametes versicolor vtt-d-99747. the four fungi were more efficient on nitrogen-limited medium than on complete medium. the melanin-decolor ...200111330716
effect of growth conditions on the production of manganese peroxidase by three strains of bjerkandera adusta.we were looking for a strain of bjerkandera adusta that produces high titres of manganese peroxidase under optimal conditions for large-scale enzyme purification. we have chosen two strains from the university of alberta microfungus collection and herbarium, uamh 7308 and 8258, and compared the effects of growth conditions and medium composition on enzyme production with the well-characterized strain bos55 (atcc 90940). of four types of cereal bran examined, rice bran at 3% (w/v) in 60 mm phosph ...200111358165
chlorometabolite production by the ecologically important white rot fungus bjerkandera adusta.two strains of the basidiomycete, bjerkandera adusta (daom 215869 and bos55) produce in static liquid culture, phenyl, veratryl, anisyl and chloroanisyl metabolites (cam's) (alcohols, acids and aldehydes) as well as a series of compounds not previously known to be produced by bjerkandera species: 1-phenyl, 1-anisyl, 1-(3-chloro-4-methoxy) and 1-(3,5-dichloro-4-methoxy) propan-1,2-diols, predominantly as erythro diastereomers with ir, 2s absolute configurations. 1-anisyl-propan-1,2-diol and 1-(3, ...200111545526
sulfophthalimide as major metabolite formed from sulfonated phthalocyanine dyes by the white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta.the reaction products formed during the decolorization of the sulfophthalocyanine textile dyes reactive blue 15 (rb15) and reactive blue 38 (rb38) by the white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. sulfophthalimides (spi; 3 and 4) were identified as major metabolites by comparison with synthesized reference compounds. spi was formed from both ...200111583845
production of new unsaturated lipids during wood decay by ligninolytic basidiomycetes.lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for a 7-week in vitro decay of eucalypt wood by four ligninolytic basidiomycetes. the sound wood contained up to 75 mg of lipophilic compounds per 100 g of wood. hydrolysis of sterol esters, which represented 38% of total wood lipids, occurred during the fungal decay. the initial increase of linoleic and other free unsaturated fatty acids paralleled the decrease of sterol esters. moreover, new lipid compounds were found at advanced sta ...200211872486
the relative ability of fungi from sphagnum fuscum to decompose selected carbon substrates.nine species from a suite of 55 microfungi isolated from living and decomposing sphagnum fuscum were selected for studies of in vitro decomposition of tannic acid, cellulose, and starch. in vitro decomposition of s. fuscum plants and spruce wood chips was also examined. oidiodendron maius and oidiodendron scytaloides degraded tannic acid, giving a positive reaction for polyphenol oxidases. most taxa degraded cellulose and starch via the synthesis of cellulases and amylase, respectively. mass los ...200211989764
effect of pollutants on the ergosterol content as indicator of fungal biomass.ergosterol content was determined in 20 white-rot fungi isolates and the values ranged from 2380 to 13060 microg g(-1) fungal biomass. significant changes of ergosterol content according the physiological stage for bjerkandera adusta 4312 and coriolopsis gallica 8260 were found, showing the highest values during the stationary phase. however, in the case of phanerochaete chrysosporium 3642, no changes were detected during growth. the effect of pollutants, such as heavy metals and fungicides, on ...200212031573
purification, characterization, and chemical modification of manganese peroxidase from bjerkandera adusta uamh 8258.ten strains of bjerkandera adusta from the university of alberta microfungus collection and herbarium (uamh) were compared for manganese peroxidase production. the enzyme from b. adusta uamh 8258 was chosen for further study. after purification the enzyme showed a molecular weight of 43 kda on 15% sds-page, 36.6 kda on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, and an isoelectric point of 3.55. the n-terminal amino acid sequence was determined to be vaxpdgvntat ...200212070683
stereoselective biosynthesis of chloroarylpropane diols by the basidiomycete bjerkandera adusta.previously we have shown that 1-arylpropane-1,2-diols are catabolic products of l-phenylalanine during idiophasic metabolism of b. adusta that are stereoselectively biosynthesized from a c(7)-unit (ring+benzylic carbon) and a c(2)-unit as predominantly erythro 1r, 2s enantiomers.in order to probe the mechanism of 1-arylpropane-1,2-diol formation, the products of the incubation of isotopically labelled aromatic aldehydes as substrates with bjerkandera adusta (daom 215869) have been characterized. ...200312738275
stereoselective biosynthesis of chloroarylpropane diols by the basidiomycete bjerkandera adusta: exploring the roles of amino acids, pyruvate, glycerol and phenyl acetyl carbinol.bjerkandera adusta produces many chlorometabolites including chlorinated anisyl metabolites (cams) and 1-arylpropane-1,2-diols (1, 2, 3, 4) as idiophasic metabolic products of l-phenylalanine. these diols are stereoselectively biosynthesized from a c7-unit (benzylic, from l-phenylalanine) and a c2-unit, of unknown origin, as predominantly erythro (1r,2s) enantiomers. of the labeled amino acids tested as possible c2-units, at the 4-10 mm level, none were found to efficiently label the 2,3-propane ...200314612230
microsomal transformation of organophosphorus pesticides by white rot fungi.the enzymatic mechanism for the transformation of organophosphorus pesticides (opps) by different white-rot fungi strains was studied. with the exception of ganoderma applanatum 8168, all strains from a collection of 17 different fungi cultures were able to deplete parathion. three strains showing the highest activities were selected for further studies: bjerkandera adusta 8258, pleurotus ostreatus 7989 and phanerochaete chrysosporium 3641. these strains depleted 50 to 96% of terbufos, azinphos- ...200314669870
manganese-lignin peroxidase hybrid from bjerkandera adusta oxidizes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons more actively in the absence of manganese.we studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) oxidation using whole cells and purified manganese-lignin peroxidase (mnlip) from bjerkandera adusta uamh 8258. although the metabolism of pahs by b. adusta has been previously demonstrated, less than 5% mineralization of 14c-labelled pahs occurred in this study over a 40-day period. oxidation of pahs was examined by a purified mnlip hybrid isoenzyme in the presence and absence of manganous ions. the rate of pah oxidation was decreased by the pres ...200314735217
extracellular enzyme activities of bjerkandera adusta r59 soil strain, capable of daunomycin and humic acids degradation.geotrichum-like strain r59, the anamorphic form of the white-rot fungus, bjerkandera adusta, was isolated from soil. it was found to completely decolorize and degrade 10% daunomycin post-production effluent during 10 days of incubation at 26 degrees c. strain r59 produced only low levels of ligninolytic enzymes when grown on wheat straw- or beech sawdust-containing media, but in the presence of humic acids derived from brown coal it synthesized significant amounts of laccase and lipase. this phe ...200515711793
a rapid method to quantify pro-oxidant activity in cultures of wood-decaying white-rot fungi.a new, rapid method for evaluation of lipid peroxidation promoting (pro-oxidant) activity in cultures of wood-decaying fungi was developed. the method is based on measurement of the rate of oxygen consumption in the reaction of linoleic acid peroxidation initiated by fungal culture filtrates. the liquid cultures of the white-rot fungi bjerkandera adusta and phanerochaete chrysosporium grown on wheat straw-containing glucose-peptone-corn steep liquor medium possessed significant levels of the pro ...200515722153
tryptophan-based radical in the catalytic mechanism of versatile peroxidase from bjerkandera adusta.versatile peroxidase (vp) from bjerkandera adusta is a structural hybrid between lignin (lip) and manganese (mnp) peroxidase. this hybrid combines the catalytic properties of the two above peroxidases, being able to oxidize typical lip and mnp substrates. the catalytic mechanism is that of classical peroxidases, where the substrate oxidation is carried out by a two-electron multistep reaction at the expense of hydrogen peroxide. elucidation of the structures of intermediates in this process is c ...200515766255
mineralization of 14c-labelled synthetic lignin and extracellular enzyme activities of the wood-colonizing ascomycetes xylaria hypoxylon and xylaria polymorpha.two wood-dwelling ascomycetes, xylaria hypoxylon and xylaria polymorpha, were isolated from rotting beech wood. lignin degradation was studied following the mineralization of a synthetic [formula: see text]-labelled lignin in solid and liquid media. approximately 9% of the synthetic lignin was mineralized by x. polymorpha during the growth on beech wood meal, and the major fraction (65.5%) was polymerized into water- and dioxan-insoluble material. both fungi produced laccase (up to 1,200 u l-1) ...200616021487
microbial conversion of daunomycin wastes in unsteril soil inoculated with bjerkandera adusta r59.effect of cooperation between native soil microorganisms and white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta r59 on degradation of daunomycin post-production wastes in soil was described. pure cultures of b. adusta r59 strain were capable to decolorize and decompose that cytostatic xenobiotic in liquid media. presence of r59 strain in studied daunomycin waste/soil systems increased the rate of the antibiotic conversion. the markers of that process were changes of waste biomass or daunomycin concentration (i ...200616133332
lignin-degrading enzyme production by bjerkandera adusta immobilized on polyurethane foam.production of the lignin-degrading enzymes lignin peroxidase (lip), manganese peroxidase (mnp), and laccase (lac) by the white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta was investigated experimentally using polyurethane foam (puf) as a carrier of immobilized fungal mycelia. an immobilized cell culture with a low-nitrogen medium yielded significantly greater lip, mnp, and lac activities in comparison with those obtained in a liquid culture. the maximum activities of the three enzymes were 450, 370, and 100 u ...199916232571
fungal and enzymatic decolourisation of artificial textile dye baths.a textile dye reactive black 5 was used in screening 25 fungal strains for their decolourising ability. the most promising strains were tested in a medium containing specific constituents of a dye bath in order to approach real application conditions. it was shown that the concentrations of the constituents had to be reduced to allow fungal growth. decolourisation started in cultures of geotrichum candidum but was not complete. only bjerkandera adusta was able to decolourise the black-blue colou ...200616310823
expression on wood, molecular cloning and characterization of three lignin peroxidase (lip) encoding genes of the white rot fungus phlebia radiata.lignin peroxidase (lip) is the first enzyme connected to oxidative breakdown of the aromatic plant heteropolymer lignin and related xenobiotics. however, this extracellular enzyme has been described in only a few species of wood-decaying basidiomycetous fungi. the white rot basidiomycete phlebia radiata 79 readily produces a versatile set of lignin-oxidizing enzymes including lignin and manganese peroxidases (lips and mnps) and laccases. here we describe genomic and primary structure of two new ...200616333658
mechanism of versatile peroxidase inactivation by ca(2+) depletion.versatile peroxidase (vp) from bjerkandera adusta, as other class ii peroxidases, is inactivated by ca(2+) depletion. in this work, the spectroscopic characterizations of ca(2+)-depleted vp at ph 4.5 (optimum for activity) and ph 7.5 are presented. previous works on other ligninolytic peroxidases, such as lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase, have been performed at ph 7.5; nevertheless, at this ph these enzymes are inactive independently of their ca(2+) content. at ph 7.5, uv-vis spectra i ...200616488071
development of fungal inocula for bioaugmentation of contaminated soils.this report describes novel fungal inocula for bioaugmentation of soils contaminated with hazardous organic compounds. the inocula are in the form of pelleted solid substrates coated with a sodium alginate suspension of fungal spores or mycelial fragments and incubated until overgrown with the mycelium of selected lignin-degrading fungi. the organisms evaluated were phanerochaete chrysosporium (bkm f-1767, atcc 42725), p. sordida (hhb-8922-sp), irpex lacteus (mad-517, atcc 11245), bjerkandera ad ...199616535337
complete decolorization of the anthraquinone dye reactive blue 5 by the concerted action of two peroxidases from thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1.it is useful to identify and examine organisms that may prove useful for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. here, we report the purification and characterization of a new versatile peroxidase (vp) from the decolorizing microbe, thanatephorus cucumeris dec 1 (tcvp1). the purified tcvp1 after mono p column chromatography showed a single band at 43 kda on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. amino acid sequencing revealed that the n terminus of tcvp1 had the highest ...200616944133
ability of fungi to degrade synthetic polymer nylon-6.fifty-eight fungi have been tested for their ability to degrade a recalcitrant synthetic polymer polyamide-6, generally known as nylon-6. most of them were isolated from a factory producing nylon-6. after preliminary screening, 12 strains were selected for submerged culture in a medium with nylon fibres as the only n-source. no degradation was observed with the isolates from the factory. wood degrading fungi from a culture collection, however, degraded nylon after incubation for several weeks. b ...200717257652
a novel thermostable lipase from basidiomycete bjerkandera adusta r59: characterisation and esterification studies.microbial lipases are widely diversified in their enzymatic properties and substrate specificities, which make them very attractive for industrial application. partially purified lipase from bjerkandera adusta r59 was immobilized on controlled porous glass (cpg) and its properties were compared with those of the free enzyme. the free and immobilized lipases showed optimal activities at 45 and 50 degrees c, respectively. both enzyme forms were highly thermostable up to 60 degrees c. the enzymes w ...200717566803
screening of fungal isolates and properties of ganoderma applanatum intended for olive mill wastewater decolourization and dephenolization.to investigate different autochthonous isolates of wood-rotting fungi for the removal of both colour and phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewaters (omw).200717718838
an anamorph of the white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta capable of colonizing and degrading compact disc components.a geotrichum-like fungus isolated from a biodeteriorated compact disc (cd) was able to degrade in vitro the components of different cd types. the fungal hyphae inside the cd fragments grew through the aluminium layer and produced the solubilization of this metal. furthermore, examination of cds by scanning electron microscopy showed that the fungus was able to destroy the pits and lands structures grooved in the polycarbonate layer, confirming degradation of this aromatic polymer. the fungus sec ...200717854471
prospective survey of indoor fungal contamination in hospital during a period of building construction.an 18-month survey of indoor fungal contamination was conducted in one haematology unit during a period of construction work. air was sampled with a portable air system impactor and surfaces with contact sabouraud plates. during this survey the mean concentration of viable fungi in air was 4.2 cfu/m(3) and that for surfaces was 1.7 cfu/plate. at the beginning of construction work, there were increases in airborne fungal spores (from 3.0 to 9.8 cfu/m(3)) in the unit, but concentrations did not ex ...200718037534
selenium induces manganese-dependent peroxidase production by the white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta (willdenow) p. karsten.in this study, selenium (se) induction of the ligninolytic enzyme manganese-dependent peroxidase (mnp) production, and the effects on the oxidative state in the white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta (willdenow) p. karsten were demonstrated. low concentration of se (0.5 mm) caused up to a twofold increase in mnp production (0.81 +/- 0.05 u/ml) when compared to control (0.39 +/- 0.07 u/ml), whereas higher concentrations of se (200 mm) inhibited (0.03 +/- 0.01 u/ml) mnp production. addition of high c ...200818227976
chloroperoxidase-mediated transformation of highly halogenated monoaromatic compounds.peroxidase transformations of widely distributed pollutants, tetra- and penta-chlorinated phenols and anilines, were studied using different peroxidases. chloroperoxidase from caldariomyces fumago was able to transform tetra- and penta-chlorinated phenols and anilines, while horseradish peroxidase, lignin peroxidase from phanerochaete chrysosporium and versatile peroxidase from bjerkandera adusta were able only to transform the halogenated phenols. chloroperoxidase showed a specific activity on ...200818439646
hypersensitivity pneumonitis and bronchial asthma attacks caused by environmental fungi.we report a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and asthma attacks caused by environmental fungi in a 75-year-old man. the diagnosis was established by inhalation challenge with bjerkandera adusta and aspergillus fumigatus. the patient was admitted for treatment of fever, wheezing, and dyspnea. chest computed tomography showed small nodular shadows with diffuse, partially patchy, ground-glass opacities. the findings of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were compatible with hypersensitivity pneumonit ...200818493169
remediation of textile dye waste water using a white-rot fungus bjerkandera adusta through solid-state fermentation (ssf).a strict screening strategy for microorganism selection was followed employing a number of white-rot fungi for the bioremediation of textile effluent, which was generated from one ireland-based american textile industry. finally, one fungus bjerkandera adusta has been investigated in depth for its ability to simultaneously degrade and enrich the nutritional quality of highly coloured textile effluent-adsorbed barley husks through solid-state fermentation (ssf). certain important parameters such ...200818496771
metabolism of halogenated compounds in the white rot fungus bjerkandera adusta studied by membrane inlet mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry.membrane inlet mass spectrometry has been used for the characterization of halogenated organic compounds produced by the fungus bjerkandera adusta. using this technique we obtained electron impact-, chemical ionization-, electron capture negative chemical ionization-mass spectra and tandem mass spectra directly from the growth medium. through this direct analysis of the samples we identified novel bioconversion products and confirmed recently published data on the production of both chlorinated ...199618627084
expression of soluble versatile peroxidase of bjerkandera adusta in escherichia coli.versatile peroxidase from white rot fungus bjerkandera adusta was over-expressed in a soluble form in escherichia coli. in the constructed enzyme model based on the selected gene from b. adusta, the active sites for oxidation of mn(2+) ions and for oxidation of aromatic substrates were identified, both characteristic for versatile peroxidase. for over-expression of the recombinant enzyme different host strains, media formulations, growth temperatures, and fusion partners were tested. with the ba ...200918707878
[thiomorpholine transformation by the fungus bjerkandera adusta].a screening of lignin-degrading basidial fungi that can grow in the presence of thiomorpholine derivatives (the mixture of 1,4-perhydrothiazines) has been performed. strain bjerkandera adusta vkm f-3477 was shown to have the maximal rate of growth in the presence of these compounds, and its capacity for thiomorpholine degradation was studied. the methods of quantitative analysis of thiomorpholine and its degradation products on the basis of thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid c ...200819004342
isolation and screening of natural organic matter-degrading fungi.drinking water quality and its treatment are negatively impacted by the presence of coloured natural organic matter (nom) derived from the breakdown of animal and plant materials. ligninolytic fungi (i.e., white rot fungi - wrf) secrete non-specific oxidative enzymes that can oxidise a wide range of recalcitrant organic compounds. the potential for these organisms to decolourise concentrated aquatic nom was investigated. twenty-one isolates from diverse fungal genera were screened using nom plat ...200919233448
biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting compounds and suppression of estrogenic activity by ligninolytic fungi.endocrine-disrupting compounds (edcs) represent a large group of substances of natural and anthropogenic origin. they are widely distributed in the environment and can pose serious risks to aquatic organisms and to public health. in this study, 4-n-nonylphenol, technical 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol a, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, and triclosan were biodegraded by eight ligninolytic fungal strains (irpex lacteus 617/93, bjerkandera adusta 606/93, phanerochaete chrysosporium me 446, phanerochaete magnol ...200919243809
profiles and seasonal distribution of airborne fungi in indoor and outdoor environments at a french hospital.a one-year prospective survey of fungal air contamination was conducted in outdoor air and inside two haematological units of a french hospital. air was sampled with a portable air system impactor. during this period of survey, the mean viable fungal load was 122.1 cfu/m(3) in outdoor air samples, and 4.1 and 3.9 cfu/m(3) in samples from adult and pediatric haematology units, respectively. in outdoor samples, cladosporium was the dominant genus (55%) while in the clinical units, penicillium sp. ...200919286244
induction of extracellular hydroxyl radical production by white-rot fungi through quinone redox cycling.a simple strategy for the induction of extracellular hydroxyl radical (oh) production by white-rot fungi is presented. it involves the incubation of mycelium with quinones and fe(3+)-edta. succinctly, it is based on the establishment of a quinone redox cycle catalyzed by cell-bound dehydrogenase activities and the ligninolytic enzymes (laccase and peroxidases). the semiquinone intermediate produced by the ligninolytic enzymes drives oh production by a fenton reaction (h(2)o(2) + fe(2+) --> oh + ...200919376892
biodegradation aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs): a review.pahs are aromatic hydrocarbons with two or more fused benzene rings with natural as well as anthropogenic sources. they are widely distributed environmental contaminants that have detrimental biological effects, toxicity, mutagenecity and carcinogenicity. due to their ubiquitous occurrence, recalcitrance, bioaccumulation potential and carcinogenic activity, the pahs have gathered significant environmental concern. although pah may undergo adsorption, volatilization, photolysis, and chemical degr ...200919442441
modification of wheat straw lignin by solid state fermentation with white-rot fungi.the potential of crude enzyme extracts, obtained from solid state cultivation of four white-rot fungi (trametes versicolor, bjerkandera adusta, ganoderma applanatum and phlebia rufa), was exploited to modify wheat straw cell wall. at different fermentation times, manganese-dependent peroxidase (mnp), lignin peroxidase (lip), laccase, carboxymethylcellulase (cmcase), avicelase, xylanase and feruloyl esterase activities were screened and the content of lignin as well as hydroxycinnamic acids in fe ...200919450975
are stag beetles fungivorous?stag beetle larvae generally feed on decaying wood; however, it was unknown whether they can use wood-rotting fungi alone as food. here, to clarify this, newly hatched larvae of dorcus rectus (motschulsky) (coleoptera: lucanidae) were reared for 14 days on artificial diets containing a fixed amount of freeze-dried mycelia of the following fungi: bjerkandera adusta, trametes versicolor, pleurotus ostreatus, and fomitopsis pinicola. the mean incremental gain in larval body mass was greatest on die ...200919607834
is bjerkandera adusta important to fungus-associated chronic cough as an allergen? eight cases' reports.recently, we have reported a new clinical disease concept called fungus-associated chronic cough (facc), which entailed the following manifestations: (1) chronic cough; (2) the presence of environmental fungi, particularly basidiomycetous (bm) fungi, in the sputum; and (3) good clinical response to antifungal drugs. to clarify the relationship between the exposure to environmental fungi and the development of cough attacks, we reviewed the clinical records of patients with facc and performed a m ...200919863292
industrial dye degradation and detoxification by basidiomycetes belonging to different eco-physiological groups.twenty-five basidiomycetes belonging to 17 species and ascribable to different eco-physiological groups were screened for their ability to decolorize 9 commercially important industrial dyes comprising a variety of anthraquinonic, azoic and phtalocyanin chromophores. the influence of the culture medium, particularly its c:n ratio, on decolourisation capacity was considered on solid substrate. three strains of bjerkandera adusta performed the highest decolourisation yields being able to degrade a ...201020042288
scale-up of a bioprocess for textile wastewater treatment using bjerkandera adusta.twelve basidiomycetes were investigated for their ability to degrade 13 industrial dyes and to treat four model wastewaters from textile and tannery industry, defined on the basis of discharged amounts, economic relevance and representativeness of chemical structures of the contained dyes. the best degradation yields were recorded for one strain of bjerkandera adusta able to completely decolourise most of the dyes and to decolourise and detoxify three simulated wastewaters, showing a significant ...201020071167
the effect of combination enzymatic and advanced oxidation process treatments on the colour of pulp and paper mill effluent.the efficiency of advanced oxidation processes (aops), enzymatic treatment and combined enzymatic/aop sequences for the colour remediation of soda and chemimechanical pulp and paper mill effluent was investigated. the results indicated that under all circumstances, the aop using ultraviolet irradiation (photo-fenton) was more efficient in the degradation of effluent components in comparison with the dark reaction. it was found that both versatile peroxidase (vp) from bjerkandera adusta and lacca ...201020450108
survey of ectomycorrhizal, litter-degrading, and wood-degrading basidiomycetes for dye decolorization and ligninolytic enzyme activity.basidiomycetes are essential in forest ecology, being deeply involved in wood and litter decomposition, humification, and mineralization of soil organic matter. the fungal oxidoreductases involved in these processes are today the focus of much attention with a view to their applications. the ecological role and potential biotechnological applications of 300 isolates of basidiomycetes were assessed, taking into account the degradation of model dyes in different culture conditions and the producti ...201020585855
fluoride-dependent conversion of organic compounds mediated by manganese peroxidases in the absence of mn(2+) ions.manganese peroxidase generally mediates the oxidation of mn(2+) to mn(3+) with h(2)o(2) as an oxidant. several manganese peroxidases purified from different lignin-degrading fungi were found to mediate a fluoride-dependent conversion of organic substrates such as monochlorodimedone or 2,6-dimethoxyphenol in the absence of manganese ions. using the manganese peroxidase mnp-1 from bjerkandera adusta strain ud1, these fluoride-dependent reactions were studied with respect to different substrates co ...201020666406
microarray analysis of differential gene expression elicited in trametes versicolor during interspecific mycelial interactions.trametes versicolor is an important white rot fungus of both industrial and ecological interest. saprotrophic basidiomycetes are the major decomposition agents in woodland ecosystems, and rarely form monospecific populations, therefore interspecific mycelial interactions continually occur. interactions have different outcomes including replacement of one species by the other or deadlock. we have made subtractive cdna libraries to enrich for genes that are expressed when t. versicolor interacts w ...201020943176
evaluation of different lignocellulosic substrates for the production of cellulases and xylanases by the basidiomycete fungi bjerkandera adusta and pycnoporus sanguineus.agricultural waste products are potential resources for the production of a number of industrial compounds, including biofuels. basidiomycete fungi display a battery of hydrolytic enzymes with prospective use in lignocellulosic biomass transformation, however little work has been done regarding the characterization of such activities. growth in several lignocellulosic substrates (oak and cedar sawdust, rice husk, corn stubble, wheat straw and jatropha seed husk) and the production of cellulases ...201020963471
oxidation of pharmaceutically active compounds by a ligninolytic fungal peroxidase.pharmaceuticals are an important group of emerging pollutants with increasing interest due to their rising consumption and the evidence for ecotoxicological effects associated to trace amounts in aquatic environments. in this paper, we assessed the potential degradation of a series of pharmaceuticals: antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole), antidepressives (citalopram hydrobromide and fluoxetine hydrochloride), antiepileptics (carbamazepine), anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac and naproxen) and estroge ...201020972884
amplification of mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal dna of polypores and its potential for phylogenetic analysis.there has been a systematic need to seek adequate phylogenetic markers that can be applied in phylogenetic analyses of fungal taxa at various levels. the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal dna (mt ssu rdna) is generally considered to be one of the molecules that are appropriate for phylogenetic analyses at a family level. in order to obtain universal primers for polypores of hymenomycetes, mt ssu rrna genes were cloned from bjerkandera adusta, ganoderma lucidum, phlebiopsis gigantea, and phel ...200221156556
wood decomposing abilities of diverse lignicolous fungi on nondecayed and decayed beech wood.we tested the decay abilities of 28 isolates from 28 lignicolous fungal species (basidiomycota, ascomycota and zygomycota) with the pure culture test. we used beech wood powder in varying moisture conditions and decay stages (nondecayed, intermediately decayed and well decayed) as substrates. the weight loss in wood powder was -0.2-17.8%. five isolates of basidiomycota (bjerkandera adusta, mycena haematopus, omphalotus guepiniformis, trametes hirsuta, trametes versicolor) caused high weight loss ...201121262989
loosenin, a novel protein with cellulose-disrupting activity from bjerkandera adusta.expansins and expansin-like proteins loosen cellulose microfibrils, possibly through the rupture of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. together with the use of lignocellulolytic enzymes, these proteins are potential molecular tools to treat plant biomass to improve saccharification yields.201121314954
combined cross-linked enzyme aggregates from versatile peroxidase and glucose oxidase: production, partial characterization and application for the elimination of endocrine disruptors.versatile peroxidase (vp) from bjerkandera adusta was insolubilized in the form of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (clea®s). of the initially applied activity 67% was recovered as clea®s. co-aggregation of vp with glucose oxidase from aspergillus niger led to an increased activity recovery of 89%. the combined clea®s showed higher stability against h(2)o(2) and exerted vp activity upon glucose addition. the elimination of the endocrine disrupting chemicals bisphenol a, nonylphenol, triclosan, 17α ...201121504845
biocatalytic generation of mn(iii)-chelate as a chemical oxidant of different environmental contaminants.the objective of this study was to investigate the enzymatic generation of the mn(3+) -malonate complex and its application to the process of oxidizing several organic compounds. the experimental set-up consisted of an enzymatic reactor coupled to an ultrafiltration membrane, providing continuous generation of mn(3+) -malonate from a reaction medium containing versatile peroxidase (an enzyme produced by bjerkandera adusta strain bos55), h(2) o(2) , mnso(4,) and malonate. the effluent of the enzy ...201121509948
degradation of the synthetic dye amaranth by the fungus bjerkandera adusta dec 1: inference of the degradation pathway from an analysis of decolorized products.we examined the degradation of amaranth, a representative azo dye, by bjerkandera adusta dec 1. the degradation products were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), visible absorbance, and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (esi-tof-ms). at the primary culture stage (3 days), the probable reaction intermediates were 1-aminonaphthalene-2,3,6-triol, 4-(hydroxyamino) naphthalene-1-ol, and 2-hydroxy-3-[2-(4-sulfophenyl) hydrazinyl] benzenesulfonic acid. afte ...201121526388
co-cultured production of lignin-modifying enzymes with white-rot fungi.co-cultivation was a potential strategy in lignocellulolytic biodegradation with producing high activity enzymes due to their synergistic action. the objective of this study was to investigate the rarely understood effects of co-culturing of two white-rot fungi on lignin-modifying enzymes (lmes) production. six species, bjerkandera adusta, phlebia radiata, pleurotus ostreatus, dichomitus squalens, hypoxylon fragiforme and pleurotus eryngii, were cultured in pairs to study the production of lmes. ...201121647688
mineralization of mono-nitrophenols by bjerkandera adusta and lentinus squarrosulus and their extracellular ligninolytic enzymes.nitroaromatic compounds constitute a major class of widely distributed environmental contaminants. fifty fungal strains were screened for their potential to tolerance with 2-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol on solid medium supplemented with 2% malt extract (mea). growth rate (mm/day) was determined at three concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mm) of all the three nitrophenols. from the fifty fungal strains only bjerkandera adusta and lentinus squarrosulus were able to tolerate all the th ...201121656814
Isolation and evaluation of terrestrial fungi with algicidal ability from Zijin Mountain, Nanjing, China.Approximately 60 fungal isolates from Zijin Mountain (Nanjing, China) were screened to determine their algicidal ability. The results show that 8 fungi belonging to Ascomycota and 5 belonging to Basidiomycota have algicidal ability. Of these fungi, Irpex lacteus T2b, Trametes hirsuta T24, Trametes versicolor F21a, and Bjerkandera adusta T1 showed strong algicidal ability. The order of fungal chlorophyll-a removal efficiency was as follows: T. versicolor F21a > I. lacteus T2b > B. adusta T1 > T. ...201121887638
Sensitization to Bjerkandera adusta enhances severity of cough symptom in patients with fungus-associated chronic cough (FACC).The aim of the present study was to clarify the influence of sensitization to Bjerkandera adusta (B. adusta) on the clinical manifestation in patients with fungus-associated chronic cough (FACC).201121891982
decolourisation and detoxification in the fungal treatment of textile wastewaters from dyeing processes.in this study a selected fungal strain, bjerkandera adusta (willdenow) p. karsten mut 3060, was tested in different culture conditions to assess its real potential for bioremediation of textile wastewaters in terms of both decolourisation and detoxification. the fungus efficiently decolourised (colour removal up to 96%) four simulated wastewaters that mimic the recalcitrance of real ones for ph values, concentration of dyes, additives and salts. in the culture condition with the lowest n content ...201121911089
biodegradation of chlorobenzoic acids by ligninolytic fungi.we investigated the abilities of several perspective ligninolytic fungal strains to degrade 12 mono-, di- and trichloro representatives of chlorobenzoic acids (cbas) under model liquid conditions and in contaminated soil. attention was also paid to toxicity changes during the degradation, estimated using two luminescent assay variations with vibrio fischeri. the results show that almost all the fungi were able to efficiently degrade cbas in liquid media, where irpex lacteus, pycnoporus cinnabari ...201121963171
endophytic fungi from vitis labrusca l. ('niagara rosada') and its potential for the biological control of fusarium oxysporum.we investigated the diversity of endophytic fungi found on grape (vitis labrusca cv. niagara rosada) leaves collected from salesópolis, sp, brazil. the fungi were isolated and characterized by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis, followed by sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 rdna. in addition, the ability of these endophytic fungi to inhibit the grapevine pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp herbemontis was determined in vitro. we also observed that the climatic factors, such as temperature ...201223315803
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