Publications

compartmentalized microchannel array for high-throughput analysis of single cell polarized growth and dynamics.	interrogating polarized growth is technologically challenging due to extensive cellular branching and uncontrollable environmental conditions in conventional assays. here we present a robust and high-performance microfluidic system that enables observations of polarized growth with enhanced temporal and spatial control over prolonged periods. the system has built-in tunability and versatility to accommodate a variety of scientific applications requiring precisely controlled environments. using t ...	2015	26530004
cellobionic acid utilization: from neurospora crassa to saccharomyces cerevisiae.	economical production of fuels and chemicals from plant biomass requires the efficient use of sugars derived from the plant cell wall. neurospora crassa, a model lignocellulosic degrading fungus, is capable of breaking down the complex structure of the plant cell wall. in addition to cellulases and hemicellulases, n. crassa secretes lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos), which cleave cellulose by generating oxidized sugars-particularly aldonic acids. however, the strategies n. crassa emplo ...	2015	26279678
analysis of circadian rhythms in the basal filamentous ascomycete pyronema confluens.	many organisms use circadian clocks to adapt to daily changes in the environment. major insights into the molecular mechanisms of circadian oscillators have been gained through studies of the model organism neurospora crassa; however, little is known about molecular components of circadian clocks in other fungi. an important part of the n. crassa circadian clock is the frequency (frq) gene, homologs of which can be found in sordariomycetes, dothideomycetes, and leotiomycetes, but not eurotiomyce ...	2015	26254031
optimal codons in tremella fuciformis end in c/g, a strong difference with known tremella species.	tremella fuciformis is a popular edible fungus with fruiting bodies that can be produced in large quantities at low costs, while it is easy to transform and cultivate as yeast. this makes it an attractive potential bioreactor. enhanced heterologous gene expression through codon optimization would be useful, but until now codon usage preferences in t. fuciformis remain unknown. to precisely determine the preferred codon usage of t. fuciformis we sequenced the genome of strain tr26 resulting in a ...	2015	26253954
a tool set for the genome-wide analysis of neurospora crassa by rt-pcr.	neurospora crassa is an important model organism for filamentous fungi as well as for circadian biology and photobiology. although the community-accumulated tool set for the molecular analysis of neurospora is extensive, two components are missing: (1) dependable reference genes whose level of expression are relatively constant across light/dark cycles and as a function of time of day and (2) a catalog of primers specifically designed for real-time pcr (rt-pcr). to address the first of these we ...	2015	26248984
two microtubule-plus-end binding proteins lis1-1 and lis1-2, homologues of human lis1 in neurospora crassa.	lis1 is a microtubule (mt) plus-end binding protein that interacts with the dynein/dynactin complex. in humans, lis1 is required for proper nuclear and organelle migration during cell growth. although gene duplication is absent from neurospora crassa, we found two paralogues of human lis1. we named them lis1-1 and lis1-2 and studied their dynamics and function by fluorescent tagging. at the protein level, lis1-1 and lis1-2 were very similar. although, the characteristic coiled-coil motif was not ...	2015	26231681
transcription profiling of the neurospora crassa response to a group of synthetic (thio)xanthones and a natural acetophenone.	xanthones are a class of heterocyclic compounds characterized by a dibenzo-γ-pyrone nucleus. analysis of their mode of action in cells, namely uncovering alterations in gene expression, is important because these compounds have potential therapeutic applications. thus, we studied the transcriptional response of the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa to a group of synthetic (thio)xanthone derivatives with antitumor activity using high throughput rna sequencing. the induction of abc transporters ...	2015	26484172
identification and characterization of lfd-2, a predicted fringe protein required for membrane integrity during cell fusion in neurospora crassa.	the molecular mechanisms of membrane merger during somatic cell fusion in eukaryotic species are poorly understood. in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa, somatic cell fusion occurs between genetically identical germinated asexual spores (germlings) and between hyphae to form the interconnected network characteristic of a filamentous fungal colony. in n. crassa, two proteins have been identified to function at the step of membrane fusion during somatic cell fusion: prm1 and lfd-1. the abse ...	2015	25595444
hypotonic stress-induced calcium signaling in saccharomyces cerevisiae involves trp-like transporters on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.	saccharomyces cerevisiae cells respond to hypotonic stress (hts) by a cytosolic calcium rise, either generated by an influx of calcium from extracellular medium, when calcium is available, or by a release from intracellular stores in scarcity of extracellular calcium. calcium release from intracellular compartments is peculiarly inhibited by external calcium in a calcineurin-independent and cch1-, but not mid1-, driven manner. hts-induced calcium release is also negatively regulated by the er pr ...	2015	25573187
cell fusion in neurospora crassa.	in recent years, the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa has advanced as a model organism for studying eukaryotic cell-cell communication and fusion. cell merger in this fungus employs an unusual mode of communication, in which the fusion partners appear to switch between signal sending and receiving. many molecular factors mediating this intriguing mechanism and the subsequent membrane merger have been identified. it has become apparent that conserved factors, such as map kinases, nadph oxidas ...	2015	26340439
paramutation phenomena in plants.	paramutation is a particular epigenetic phenomenon discovered in zea mays by alexander brink in the 1950s, and then also found in other plants and animals. brink coined the term paramutation (from the greek syllable "para" meaning beside, near, beyond, aside) in 1958, with the aim to differentiate paramutation from mutation. the peculiarity of paramutation with respect to other gene silencing phenomena consists in the ability of the silenced allele (named paramutagenic) to silence the other alle ...	2015	26335267
don't go with the cytoplasmic flow.	cytoplasmic streaming occurs in a variety of organisms, but its biological function is often unclear. in this issue of developmental cell, pieuchot et al. (2015) report that streaming creates subcellular compartments in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa. nuclei immobilized within these compartments differentiate and may drive a compartment-specific genetic program.	2015	26305589
involvement of the adaptor protein 3 complex in lignocellulase secretion in neurospora crassa revealed by comparative genomic screening.	lignocellulase hypersecretion has been achieved in industrial fungal workhorses such as trichoderma reesei, but the underlying mechanism associated with this process is not well understood. although previous comparative genomic studies have revealed that the mutagenic t. reesei strain rut-c30 harbors hundreds of mutations compared with its parental strain qm6a, how these mutations actually contribute to the hypersecretion phenotype remains to be elucidated.	2015	26300971
live imaging of β-1,3-glucan synthase fks-1 in neurospora crassa hyphae.	the subcellular localization and dynamics of fks-1, the putative catalytic subunit of the β-1,3-glucan synthase complex, was analyzed in growing hyphae of neurospora crassa by live confocal microscopy. gfp-tagged fks-1 accumulated at the outer layer of the spitzenkörper (spk), and at the apical plasma membrane (pm). fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis revealed arrival of fks-1-containing carriers first at the immediate surroundings of the core region of the spk, and thereafter to ...	2015	26150287
the bzip transcription factor hac-1 is involved in the unfolded protein response and is necessary for growth on cellulose in neurospora crassa.	high protein secretion capacity in filamentous fungi requires an extremely efficient system for protein synthesis, folding and transport. when the folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (er) is exceeded, a pathway known as the unfolded protein response (upr) is triggered, allowing cells to mitigate and cope with this stress. in yeast, this pathway relies on the transcription factor hac1, which mediates the up-regulation of several genes required under these stressful conditions. in this w ...	2015	26132395
endogenous small rna mediates meiotic silencing of a novel dna transposon.	genome defense likely evolved to curtail the spread of transposable elements and invading viruses. a combination of effective defense mechanisms has been shown to limit colonization of the neurospora crassa genome by transposable elements. a novel dna transposon named sly1-1 was discovered in the genome of the most widely used laboratory "wild-type" strain fgsc 2489 (or74a). meiotic silencing by unpaired dna, also simply called meiotic silencing, prevents the expression of regions of the genome ...	2015	26109355
fluorescent markers for the spitzenkörper and exocytosis in zymoseptoria tritici.	fungal hyphae are highly polarized cells that invade their substrate by tip growth. in plant pathogenic fungi, hyphal growth is essential for host invasion. this makes polarity factors and secretion regulators potential new targets for novel fungicides. polarization requires delivery of secretory vesicles to the apical spitzenkörper, followed by polarized exocytosis at the expanding cell tip. here, we introduce fluorescent markers to visualize the apical spitzenkörper and the apical site of exoc ...	2015	26092802
structure of importin-α from a filamentous fungus in complex with a classical nuclear localization signal.	neurospora crassa is a filamentous fungus that has been extensively studied as a model organism for eukaryotic biology, providing fundamental insights into cellular processes such as cell signaling, growth and differentiation. to advance in the study of this multicellular organism, an understanding of the specific mechanisms for protein transport into the cell nucleus is essential. importin-α (imp-α) is the receptor for cargo proteins that contain specific nuclear localization signals (nlss) tha ...	2015	26091498
involvement of mitochondrial proteins in calcium signaling and cell death induced by staurosporine in neurospora crassa.	staurosporine-induced cell death in neurospora crassa includes a well defined sequence of alterations in cytosolic calcium levels, comprising extracellular ca(2+) influx and mobilization of ca(2+) from internal stores. here, we show that cells undergoing respiratory stress due to the lack of certain components of the mitochondrial complex i (like the 51kda and 14kda subunits) or the ca(2+)-binding alternative nadph dehydrogenase nde-1 are hypersensitive to staurosporine and incapable of setting ...	2015	26004627
biological significance of photoreceptor photocycle length: vivid photocycle governs the dynamic vivid-white collar complex pool mediating photo-adaptation and response to changes in light intensity.	most organisms on earth sense light through the use of chromophore-bearing photoreceptive proteins with distinct and characteristic photocycle lengths, yet the biological significance of this adduct decay length is neither understood nor has been tested. in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa vivid (vvd) is a critical player in the process of photoadaptation, the attenuation of light-induced responses and the ability to maintain photosensitivity in response to changing light intensities. de ...	2015	25978382
experimental demonstration of the benefits of somatic fusion and the consequences for allorecognition.	allorecognition, the ability to distinguish "self" from "nonself" based on allelic differences at allorecognition loci, is common in all domains of life. allorecognition restricts the opportunities for social parasitism, and is therefore crucial for the evolution of cooperation. however, the maintenance of allorecognition diversity provides a paradox. if allorecognition is costly relative to cooperation, common alleles will be favored. thus, the cost of allorecognition may reduce the genetic var ...	2015	25688421
identification of allorecognition loci in neurospora crassa by genomics and evolutionary approaches.	understanding the genetic and molecular bases of the ability to distinguish self from nonself (allorecognition) and mechanisms underlying evolution of allorecognition systems is an important endeavor for understanding cases where it becomes dysfunctional, such as in autoimmune disorders. in filamentous fungi, allorecognition can result in vegetative or heterokaryon incompatibility, which is a type of programmed cell death that occurs following fusion of genetically different cells. allorecogniti ...	2015	26025978
population genomic analyses reveal possible drivers of population divergence.	recent advances in sequencing technology and efficiency enable new and improved methods to investigate how populations diverge and species evolve. fungi have relatively small and simple genomes and can often be cultured in the laboratory. fungal populations can thus be sequenced for a relatively low cost, which makes them ideal for population genomic analyses. in several recent population genomic studies, wild populations of fungal model organisms and human pathogens have been analysed, for exam ...	2015	26013991
the chestnut blight fungus for studies on virus/host and virus/virus interactions: from a natural to a model host.	the chestnut blight fungus, cryphonectria parasitica, is an important plant pathogenic ascomycete. the fungus hosts a wide range of viruses and now has been established as a model filamentous fungus for studying virus/host and virus/virus interactions. this is based on the development of methods for artificial virus introduction and elimination, host genome manipulability, available host genome sequence with annotations, host mutant strains, and molecular tools. molecular tools include sub-cellu ...	2015	25454384
control of mrna stability in fungi by nmd, ejc and cbc factors through 3'utr introns.	in higher eukaryotes the accelerated degradation of mrnas harboring premature termination codons is controlled by nonsense-mediated mrna decay (nmd), exon junction complex (ejc), and nuclear cap-binding complex (cbc) factors, but the mechanistic basis for this quality-control system and the specific roles of the individual factors remain unclear. using neurospora crassa as a model system, we analyzed the mechanisms by which nmd is induced by spliced 3'-utr introns or upstream open reading frames ...	2015	26048019
suppressing the neurospora crassa circadian clock while maintaining light responsiveness in continuous stirred tank reactors.	neurospora crassa has been utilized as a model organism for studying biological, regulatory, and circadian rhythms for over 50 years. these circadian cycles are driven at the molecular level by gene transcription events to prepare for environmental changes. n. crassa is typically found on woody biomass and is commonly studied on agar-containing medium which mimics its natural environment. we report a novel method for disrupting circadian gene transcription while maintaining light responsiveness ...	2015	26031221
combinatorial control of light induced chromatin remodeling and gene activation in neurospora.	light is an important environmental cue that affects physiology and development of neurospora crassa. the light-sensing transcription factor (tf) wcc, which consists of the gata-family tfs wc1 and wc2, is required for light-dependent transcription. sub1, another gata-family tf, is not a photoreceptor but has also been implicated in light-inducible gene expression. to assess regulation and organization of the network of light-inducible genes, we analyzed the roles of wcc and sub1 in light-induced ...	2015	25822411
neurospora importin α is required for normal heterochromatic formation and dna methylation.	heterochromatin and associated gene silencing processes play roles in development, genome defense, and chromosome function. in many species, constitutive heterochromatin is decorated with histone h3 tri-methylated at lysine 9 (h3k9me3) and cytosine methylation. in neurospora crassa, a five-protein complex, dcdc, catalyzes h3k9 methylation, which then directs dna methylation. here, we identify and characterize a gene important for dcdc function, dim-3 (defective in methylation-3), which encodes t ...	2015	25793375
dawn- and dusk-phased circadian transcription rhythms coordinate anabolic and catabolic functions in neurospora.	circadian clocks control rhythmic expression of a large number of genes in coordination with the 24 hour day-night cycle. the mechanisms generating circadian rhythms, their amplitude and circadian phase are dependent on a transcriptional network of immense complexity. moreover, the contribution of post-transcriptional mechanisms in generating rhythms in rna abundance is not known.	2015	25762222
the cullin-4 complex dcdc does not require e3 ubiquitin ligase elements to control heterochromatin in neurospora crassa.	the cullin-4 (cul4) complex dcdc (dim-5/-7/-9/cul4/ddb1 complex) is essential for dna methylation and heterochromatin formation in neurospora crassa. cullins form the scaffold of cullin-ring e3 ubiquitin ligases (crls) and are modified by the covalent attachment of nedd8, a ubiquitin-like protein that regulates the stability and activity of crls. we report that neddylation is not required for cul4-dependent dna methylation or heterochromatin formation but is required for the dna repair functions ...	2015	25362134
engineering neurospora crassa for improved cellobiose and cellobionate production.	we report engineering neurospora crassa to improve the yield of cellobiose and cellobionate from cellulose. a previously engineered strain of n. crassa (f5) with six of seven β-glucosidase (bgl) genes knocked out was shown to produce cellobiose and cellobionate directly from cellulose without the addition of exogenous cellulases. in this study, the f5 strain was further modified to improve the yield of cellobiose and cellobionate from cellulose by increasing cellulase production and decreasing p ...	2015	25381238
the rab gtpase ypt-1 associates with golgi cisternae and spitzenkörper microvesicles in neurospora crassa.	vesicle traffic involves budding, transport, tethering and fusion of vesicles with acceptor membranes. gtp-bound small rab gtpases interact with the membrane of vesicles, promoting their association with other factors before their subsequent fusion. filamentous fungi contain at their hyphal apex the spitzenkörper (spk), a multivesicular structure to which vesicles concentrate before being redirected to specific cell sites. the regulatory mechanisms ensuring the directionality of the vesicles tha ...	2015	25425138
functional characterization and low-resolution structure of an endoglucanase cel45a from the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa or74a: thermostable enzyme with high activity toward lichenan and β-glucan.	biomass is the most abundant and short-term renewable natural resource on earth whose recalcitrance toward enzymatic degradation represents significant challenge for a number of biotechnological applications. the not so abundant but critically necessary class of gh45 endoglucanases constitutes an essential component of tailored industrial enzyme cocktails because they randomly and internally cleave cellulose molecules. moreover, gh45 glucanases are core constituents of major-brand detergent form ...	2015	25711741
heterologous expression of mitochondria-targeted microbial nitrilase enzymes increases cyanide tolerance in arabidopsis.	anthropogenic activities have resulted in cyanide (cn) contamination of both soil and water in many areas of the globe. while plants possess a detoxification pathway that serves to degrade endogenously generated cn, this system is readily overwhelmed, limiting the use of plants in bioremediation. genetic engineering of additional cn degradation pathways in plants is one potential strategy to increase their tolerance to cn. here we show that heterologous expression of microbial nitrilase enzymes ...	2015	25711239
a transcriptomic analysis of neurospora crassa using five major crop residues and the novel role of the sporulation regulator rca-1 in lignocellulase production.	crop residue is an abundant, low-cost plant biomass material available worldwide for use in the microbial production of enzymes, biofuels, and valuable chemicals. however, the diverse chemical composition and complex structure of crop residues are more challenging for efficient degradation by microbes than are homogeneous polysaccharides. in this study, the transcriptional responses of neurospora crassa to various plant straws were analyzed using rna-seq, and novel beneficial factors for biomass ...	2015	25691917
multiple cellular roles of neurospora crassa plc-1, spla2, and cpe-1 in regulation of cytosolic free calcium, carotenoid accumulation, stress responses, and acquisition of thermotolerance.	phospholipase c1 (plc1), secretory phospholipase a2 (spla2) and ca(2+)/h(+) exchanger proteins regulate calcium signaling and homeostasis in eukaryotes. in this study, we investigate functions for phospholipase c1 (plc-1), spla2 (spla2) and a ca(2+)/h(+) exchanger (cpe-1) in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa. the δplc-1, δspla2, and δcpe-1 mutants exhibited a growth defect on medium supplemented with the divalent ionophore a23187, suggesting that these genes might play a role in regulatio ...	2015	25636422
the role of cercospora zeae-maydis homologs of rhodobacter sphaeroides 1o2-resistance genes in resistance to the photoactivated toxin cercosporin.	the photosynthetic bacterium rhodobacter sphaeroides and plant pathogenic fungus cercospora nicotianae have been used as models for understanding resistance to singlet oxygen ((1)o(2)), a highly toxic reactive oxygen species. in rhodobacter and cercospora, (1)o(2) is derived, respectively, from photosynthesis and from the (1)o(2)-generating toxin cercosporin which the fungus produces to parasitize plants. we identified common genes recovered in transcriptome studies of putative (1)o(2)-resistanc ...	2015	25670706
methods to study molecular mechanisms of the neurospora circadian clock.	eukaryotic circadian clocks are comprised of interlocked autoregulatory feedback loops that control gene expression at the levels of transcription and translation. the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa is an excellent model for the complex molecular network of regulatory mechanisms that are common to all eukaryotes. at the heart of the network, posttranslational regulation and functions of the core clock elements are of major interest. this chapter discusses the methods used currently to stud ...	2015	25662455
dissecting the mechanisms of the clock in neurospora.	the circadian clock exists to synchronize inner physiology with the external world, allowing life to anticipate and adapt to the continual changes that occur in an organism's environment. the clock architecture is highly conserved, present in almost all major branches of life. within eukaryotes, the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa has consistently been used as an excellent model organism to uncover the basic circadian physiology and molecular biology. the neurospora model has elucidated our ...	2015	25662450
circadian rhythms. decoupling circadian clock protein turnover from circadian period determination.	the mechanistic basis of eukaryotic circadian oscillators in model systems as diverse as neurospora, drosophila, and mammalian cells is thought to be a transcription-and-translation-based negative feedback loop, wherein progressive and controlled phosphorylation of one or more negative elements ultimately elicits their own proteasome-mediated degradation, thereby releasing negative feedback and determining circadian period length. the neurospora crassa circadian negative element frequency (frq) ...	2015	25635104
synthesis of a new glycosphingolipid, neurosporaside, from neurospora crassa.	the glycosphingolipid neurosporaside (α-d-glcp-(1 → 2)-β-d-galp-(1 → 6)-β-d-galp-(1 → 6)-β-d-galp-(1 →)-cer) occurs in neurospora crassa. we attempted to synthesize neurosporaside by block synthesis (route a) and linear synthesis (route b). oligosaccharide derivatives were synthesized using trimethylsilyltrifluoromethanesulfonate and n-iodosuccinimide/trifluoromethane sulfonic acid as promoters. the target tetrasaccharide could not be attained via route a, but route b showed potential: glycosidi ...	2015	25659120
complex formation of rna silencing proteins in the perinuclear region of neurospora crassa.	in neurospora, genes not paired during meiosis are targeted by meiotic silencing by unpaired dna (msud). here, our bimolecular fluorescence complementation (bifc) study suggests that rna-directed rna polymerase, dicer, argonaute, and others form a silencing complex in the perinuclear region, with intimate interactions among the majority of them. we have also shown that sad-2 is likely the anchor for this assembly.	2015	25644701
neurospora heterokaryons with complementary duplications and deficiencies in their constituent nuclei provide an approach to identify nucleus-limited genes.	introgression is the transfer of genes or genomic regions from one species into another via hybridization and back-crosses. we have introgressed four translocations (eb4, ibj5, uk14-1, and b362i) from neurospora crassa into n. tetrasperma. this enabled us to construct two general types of heterokaryons with mat-a and mat-a nuclei of different genotypes: one type is [t + n] (with one translocation nucleus and one normal sequence nucleus), and the other is [dp + df] (with one nucleus carrying a du ...	2015	25897010
genome-wide analysis of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response during lignocellulase production in neurospora crassa.	lignocellulolytic fungal cells suffer endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress during lignocellulase synthesis; however, an understanding of this integrated process on a genome-wide scale remains poor. here, we undertook a systematic investigation of this process in neurospora crassa (n. crassa) using transcriptomic analysis coupled with genetic screens.	2015	25883682
inferring bona fide transfrags in rna-seq derived-transcriptome assemblies of non-model organisms.	de novo transcriptome assembly of short transcribed fragments (transfrags) produced from sequencing-by-synthesis technologies often results in redundant datasets with differing levels of unassembled, partially assembled or mis-assembled transcripts. post-assembly processing intended to reduce redundancy typically involves reassembly or clustering of assembled sequences. however, these approaches are mostly based on common word heuristics and often create clusters of biologically unrelated sequen ...	2015	25880035
reconstruction of the carnitine biosynthesis pathway from neurospora crassa in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae.	industrial synthesis of l-carnitine is currently performed by whole-cell biotransformation of industrial waste products, mostly d-carnitine and cronobetaine, through specific bacterial species. no comparable system has been established using eukaryotic microorganisms, even though there is a significant and growing international demand for either the pure compound or carnitine-enriched consumables. in eukaryotes, including the fungus neurospora crassa, l-carnitine is biosynthesized through a four ...	2015	25851717
production of cellobionate from cellulose using an engineered neurospora crassa strain with laccase and redox mediator addition.	we report a novel production process for cellobionic acid from cellulose using an engineered fungal strain with the exogenous addition of laccase and a redox mediator. a previously engineered strain of neurospora crassa (f5∆ace-1∆cre-1∆ndvb) was shown to produce cellobionate directly from cellulose without the addition of exogenous cellulases. specifically, n. crassa produces cellulases, which hydrolyze cellulose to cellobiose, and cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh), which oxidizes cellobiose to cel ...	2015	25849253
draft genome sequence of neurospora crassa strain fgsc 73.	we report the elucidation of the complete genome of the neurospora crassa (shear and dodge) strain fgsc 73, a mat-a, trp-3 mutant strain. the genome sequence around the idiotypic mating type locus represents the only publicly available sequence for a mat-a strain. 40.42 megabases are assembled into 358 scaffolds carrying 11,978 gene models.	2015	25838471
global analysis of predicted g protein-coupled receptor genes in the filamentous fungus, neurospora crassa.	g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) regulate facets of growth, development, and environmental sensing in eukaryotes, including filamentous fungi. the largest predicted gpcr class in these organisms is the pth11-related, with members similar to a protein required for disease in the plant pathogen magnaporthe oryzae. however, the pth11-related class has not been functionally studied in any filamentous fungal species. here, we analyze phenotypes in available mutants for 36 gpcr genes, including 20 ...	2015	26464358
direct target network of the neurospora crassa plant cell wall deconstruction regulators clr-1, clr-2, and xlr-1.	fungal deconstruction of the plant cell requires a complex orchestration of a wide array of intracellular and extracellular enzymes. in neurospora crassa, clr-1, clr-2, and xlr-1 have been identified as key transcription factors regulating plant cell wall degradation in response to soluble sugars. the xlr-1 regulon was defined using a constitutively active mutant allele, resulting in hemicellulase gene expression and secretion under noninducing conditions. to define genes directly regulated by c ...	2015	26463163
linear discriminant analysis identifies mitochondrially localized proteins in neurospora crassa.	besides their role as powerhouses, mitochondria play a pivotal role in the spatial organization of numerous enzymatic functions. they are connected to the er, and many pathways are organized through the mitochondrial membranes. thus, the precise definition of mitochondrial proteomes remains a challenging task. here, we have established a proteomic strategy to accurately determine the mitochondrial localization of proteins from the fungal model organism neurospora crassa. this strategy relies on ...	2015	26215788
the phenotype of a phospholipase c (plc-1) mutant in a filamentous fungus, neurospora crassa.	in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa, phospholipase c may play a role in hyphal extension at the growing tips as part of a growth-sensing mechanism that activates calcium release from internal stores to mediate continued expansion of the hyphal tip. one candidate for a tip-localized phospholipase c is plc-1. we characterized morphology and growth characteristics of a knockout mutant (ko plc-1) and a rip mutated strain (rip plc-1) (missense mutations and a nonsense mutation render the gene ...	2015	26212074
[quantitative assessment of the combined effect of the nitrogen status, light and dehydration of mycelium on conidiation in neurospora crassa].	we performed a quantitative assessment of the conidia yield in neurospora crassa in response to treatment with different conidiation effectors. depending on nitrogen source and intactness of nitrite reductase (nir) and nitrate reductase (nr), light and dehydration affected the number of viable conidia produced by the ascomycete. in most variants of the nitrogen status, the combined action of light and dehydration synergistically increased the conidia yield. conidiation in wild-type cells cultiva ...	2015	26204777
epigenetic and posttranslational modifications in light signal transduction and the circadian clock in neurospora crassa.	blue light, a key abiotic signal, regulates a wide variety of physiological processes in many organisms. one of these phenomena is the circadian rhythm presents in organisms sensitive to the phase-setting effects of blue light and under control of the daily alternation of light and dark. circadian clocks consist of autoregulatory alternating negative and positive feedback loops intimately connected with the cellular metabolism and biochemical processes. neurospora crassa provides an excellent mo ...	2015	26198228
metabolic impacts of using nitrogen and copper-regulated promoters to regulate gene expression in neurospora crassa.	the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa is a long-studied eukaryotic microbial system amenable to heterologous expression of native and foreign proteins. however, relatively few highly tunable promoters have been developed for this species. in this study, we compare the tcu-1 and nit-6 promoters for controlled expression of a gfp reporter gene in n. crassa. although the copper-regulated tcu-1 has been previously characterized, this is the first investigation exploring nitrogen-controlled nit-6 ...	2015	26194204
characterization of a novel prevacuolar compartment in neurospora crassa.	using confocal microscopy, we observed ring-like organelles, similar in size to nuclei, in the hyphal tip of the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa. these organelles contained a subset of vacuolar proteins. we hypothesize that they are novel prevacuolar compartments (pvcs). we examined the locations of several vacuolar enzymes and of fluorescent compounds that target the vacuole. vacuolar membrane proteins, such as the vacuolar atpase (vma-1) and the polyphosphate polymerase (vtc-4), were obse ...	2015	26453652
molecular basis for the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of thymine-7-hydroxylase in fungi.	tet proteins play a vital role in active dna demethylation in mammals and thus have important functions in many essential cellular processes. the chemistry for the conversion of 5mc to 5hmc, 5fc and 5cac catalysed by tet proteins is similar to that of t to 5hmu, 5fu and 5cau catalysed by thymine-7-hydroxylase (t7h) in the nucleotide anabolism in fungi. here, we report the crystal structures and biochemical properties of neurospora crassa t7h. t7h can bind the substrates only in the presence of c ...	2015	26429971
structural and functional characterization of a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase with broad substrate specificity.	the recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) carry out oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides and are of major importance for efficient processing of biomass. nclpmo9c from neurospora crassa acts both on cellulose and on non-cellulose β-glucans, including cellodextrins and xyloglucan. the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of nclpmo9c revealed an extended, highly polar substrate-binding surface well suited to interact with a variety of sugar substrates. the ability o ...	2015	26178376
deletion of homologs of the srebp pathway results in hyper-production of cellulases in neurospora crassa and trichoderma reesei.	the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa efficiently utilizes plant biomass and is a model organism for genetic, molecular and cellular biology studies. here, a set of 567 single-gene deletion strains was assessed for cellulolytic activity as compared to the wild-type parental strain. mutant strains included were those carrying a deletion in: (1) genes encoding proteins homologous to those implicated in the saccharomyces cerevisiae secretion apparatus; (2) genes that are homologous to those know ...	2015	26288653
tuning the phase of circadian entrainment.	the circadian clock coordinates daily physiological, metabolic and behavioural rhythms. these endogenous oscillations are synchronized with external cues ('zeitgebers'), such as daily light and temperature cycles. when the circadian clock is entrained by a zeitgeber, the phase difference ψ between the phase of a clock-controlled rhythm and the phase of the zeitgeber is of fundamental importance for the fitness of the organism. the phase of entrainment ψ depends on the mismatch between the intrin ...	2015	26136227
genome-wide redistribution of h3k27me3 is linked to genotoxic stress and defective growth.	h3k9 methylation directs heterochromatin formation by recruiting multiple heterochromatin protein 1 (hp1)-containing complexes that deacetylate histones and methylate cytosine bases in dna. in neurospora crassa, a single h3k9 methyltransferase complex, called the dim-5,-7,-9, cul4, ddb1 complex (dcdc), is required for normal growth and development. dcdc-deficient mutants are hypersensitive to the genotoxic agent methyl methanesulfonate (mms), but the molecular basis of genotoxic stress is unclea ...	2015	26578794
identification of ttaggg-binding proteins in neurospora crassa, a fungus with vertebrate-like telomere repeats.	to date, telomere research in fungi has mainly focused on saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe, despite the fact that both yeasts have degenerated telomeric repeats in contrast to the canonical ttaggg motif found in vertebrates and also several other fungi.	2015	26577093
mathematical modeling and validation of glucose compensation of the neurospora circadian clock.	autonomous circadian oscillations arise from transcriptional-translational feedback loops of core clock components. the period of a circadian oscillator is relatively insensitive to changes in nutrients (e.g., glucose), which is referred to as "nutrient compensation". recently, a transcription repressor, csp-1, was identified as a component of the circadian system in neurospora crassa. the transcription of csp-1 is under the circadian regulation. intriguingly, csp-1 represses the circadian trans ...	2015	25863073
membrane transporters in self resistance of cercospora nicotianae to the photoactivated toxin cercosporin.	the goal of this work is to characterize membrane transporter genes in cercospora fungi required for autoresistance to the photoactivated, active-oxygen-generating toxin cercosporin they produce for infection of host plants. previous studies implicated a role for diverse membrane transporters in cercosporin resistance. in this study, transporters identified in a subtractive cdna library between a cercospora nicotianae wild type and a cercosporin-sensitive mutant were characterized, including two ...	2015	25862648
the putative cellodextrin transporter-like protein clp1 is involved in cellulase induction in neurospora crassa.	neurospora crassa recently has become a novel system to investigate cellulase induction. here, we discovered a novel membrane protein, cellodextrin transporter-like protein 1 (clp1; ncu05853), a putative cellodextrin transporter-like protein that is a critical component of the cellulase induction pathway in n. crassa. although clp1 protein cannot transport cellodextrin, the suppression of cellulase induction by this protein was discovered on both cellobiose and avicel. the co-disruption of the c ...	2015	25398875
prevalent and distinct spliceosomal 3'-end processing mechanisms for fungal telomerase rna.	telomerase rna (ter) is an essential component of the telomerase ribonucleoprotein complex. the mechanism for ter 3'-end processing is highly divergent among different organisms. here we report a unique spliceosome-mediated ter 3'-end cleavage mechanism in neurospora crassa that is distinct from that found specifically in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. while the s. pombe ter intron contains the canonical 5'-splice site guaugu, the n. crassa ter intron contains a non-canonical 5'-sp ...	2015	25598218
development and physiological characterization of cellobiose-consuming yarrowia lipolytica.	yarrowia lipolytica is a promising production host for a wide range of molecules, but limited sugar consumption abilities prevent utilization of an abundant source of renewable feedstocks. in this study we created a y. lipolytica strain capable of utilizing cellobiose as a sole carbon source by using endogenous promoters to express the cellodextrin transporter cdt-1 and intracellular β-glucosidase gh1-1 from neurospora crassa. the engineered strain was also capable of simultaneous co-consumption ...	2015	25421388
a novel cryptochrome-dependent oscillator in neurospora crassa.	several lines of evidence suggest that the circadian clock is constructed of multiple molecular feedback oscillators that function to generate robust rhythms in organisms. however, while core oscillator mechanisms driving specific behaviors are well described in several model systems, the nature of other potential circadian oscillators is not understood. using genetic approaches in the fungus neurospora crassa, we uncovered an oscillator mechanism that drives rhythmic spore development in the ab ...	2015	25361899
two pentatricopeptide repeat domain proteins are required for the synthesis of respiratory complex i.	in this study pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) proteins in filamentous ascomycetes are identified and functionally characterized. ppr proteins, which have in common a degenerated 35 amino acid motif often arranged in multiple tandems, are known to be implicated in various steps of rna metabolism in mitochondria and chloroplasts. in filamentous ascomycetes we identified a common set of nine ppr proteins. for seven of these proteins, which were not yet characterized, knockout mutants of neurospora c ...	2015	25108509
deciphering the uniqueness of mucoromycotina cell walls by combining biochemical and phylogenomic approaches.	most fungi from the mucoromycotina lineage occur in ecosystems as saprobes, although some species are phytopathogens or may induce human mycosis. mucoromycotina represent early diverging models that are most valuable for understanding fungal evolution. here we reveal the uniqueness of the cell wall structure of the mucoromycotina rhizopus oryzae and phycomyces blakesleeanus compared with the better characterized cell wall of the ascomycete neurospora crassa. we have analysed the corresponding po ...	2015	25143134
viba, a homologue of a transcription factor for fungal heterokaryon incompatibility, is involved in antifungal compound production in the plant-symbiotic fungus epichloë festucae.	symbiotic association of epichloae endophytes (epichloë/neotyphodium species) with cool-season grasses of the subfamily pooideae confers bioprotective benefits to the host plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. while the production of fungal bioprotective metabolites is a well-studied mechanism of host protection from insect herbivory, little is known about the antibiosis mechanism against grass pathogens by the mutualistic endophyte. in this study, an epichloë festucae mutant defective in ...	2015	24906411
mechanism of the neurospora circadian clock, a frequency-centric view.	circadian clocks are self-sustaining timekeepers found in almost all organisms on earth. the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa is a preeminent model for eukaryotic circadian clocks. investigations of the neurospora circadian clock system have led to elucidation of circadian clock regulatory mechanisms that are common to all eukaryotes. in this work, we will focus on the neurospora circadian oscillator mechanism with an emphasis on the regulation of the core clock component frequency.	2015	25302868
nothing special in the specialist? draft genome sequence of cryomyces antarcticus, the most extremophilic fungus from antarctica.	the draft genome of the antarctic endemic fungus cryomyces antarcticus is presented. this rock inhabiting, microcolonial fungus is extremely stress tolerant and it is a model organism for exobiology and studies on stress resistance in eukaryots. since this fungus is a specialist in the most extreme environment of the earth, the analysis of its genome is of important value for the understanding of fungal genome evolution and stress adaptation. a comparison with neurospora crassa as well as with o ...	2014	25296285
extracellular calcium triggers unique transcriptional programs and modulates staurosporine-induced cell death in neurospora crassa.	alterations in the intracellular levels of calcium are a common response to cell death stimuli in animals and fungi and, particularly, in the neurospora crassa response to staurosporine. we highlight the importance of the extracellular availability of ca(2+) for this response. limitation of the ion in the culture medium further sensitizes cells to the drug and results in increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ros). conversely, an approximately 30-fold excess of external ca(2+) leads ...	2014	28357255
the rna helicase frh is an atp-dependent regulator of ck1a in the circadian clock of neurospora crassa.	the neurospora clock protein frq forms a complex with casein kinase 1a (ck1a) and frh, a dead box-containing rna helicase with a clock-independent essential function in rna metabolism. in the course of a circadian period, frq is progressively hyperphosphorylated and eventually degraded. timed hyperphosphorylation of frq is crucial for timekeeping of the clock. here we show that the atpase activity of frh attenuates the kinetics of ck1a-mediated hyperphosphorylation of frq. hyperphosphorylation o ...	2014	24710172
the evolutionary history of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ergothioneine.	ergothioneine (egt) is a histidine betaine derivative that exhibits antioxidant action in humans. egt is primarily synthesized by fungal species and a number of bacterial species. a five-gene cluster (egta, egtb, egtc, egtd &egte) responsible for egt production in mycobacteria smegmatis has recently been identified. the first fungal biosynthetic egt gene (ncegt-1) has also been identified in neurospora crassa. ncegt-1 contains domains similar to those found in m. smegmatis egtb and egtd. egt is ...	2014	25068406
genetic control of anastomosis in podospora anserina.	we developed a new microscopy procedure to study anastomoses in the model ascomycete podospora anserina and compared it with the previous method involving the formation of balanced heterokaryons. both methods showed a good correlation. heterokaryon formation was less quantifiable, but enabled to observe very rare events. microscopic analysis evidenced that anastomoses were greatly influence by growth conditions and were severely impaired in the idc mutants of the pampk1, pampk2, idc1 and panox1 ...	2014	25064063
genome-wide characterization of light-regulated genes in neurospora crassa.	the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa responds to light in complex ways. to thoroughly study the transcriptional response of this organism to light, rna-seq was used to analyze capped and polyadenylated mrna prepared from mycelium grown for 24 hr in the dark and then exposed to light for 0 (control) 15, 60, 120, and 240 min. more than three-quarters of all defined protein coding genes (79%) were expressed in these cells. the increased sensitivity of rna-seq compared with previous microarray s ...	2014	25053707
activation of a trp-like channel and intracellular ca2+ dynamics during phospholipase-c-mediated cell death.	the model organism neurospora crassa undergoes programmed cell death when exposed to staurosporine. here, we show that staurosporine causes defined changes in cytosolic free ca(2+) ([ca(2+)]c) dynamics and a distinct ca(2+) signature that involves ca(2+) influx from the external medium and internal ca(2+) stores. we investigated the molecular basis of this ca(2+) response by using [ca(2+)]c measurements combined with pharmacological and genetic approaches. phospholipase c was identified as a piv ...	2014	25037570
the combined structural and kinetic characterization of a bacterial nitronate monooxygenase from pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1 establishes nmo class i and ii.	nitronate monooxygenase (nmo) oxidizes the mitochondrial toxin propionate 3-nitronate (p3n) to malonate semialdehyde. the enzyme has been previously characterized biochemically in fungi, but no structural information is available. based on amino acid similarity 4,985 genes are annotated in the genbank(tm) as nmo. of these, 4,424 (i.e. 89%) are bacterial genes, including several pseudomonads that have been shown to use p3n as growth substrate. here, we have cloned and expressed the gene pa4202 of ...	2014	25002579
dead-box protein cyt-19 is activated by exposed helices in a group i intron rna.	dead-box proteins are nonprocessive rna helicases and can function as rna chaperones, but the mechanisms of their chaperone activity remain incompletely understood. the neurospora crassa dead-box protein cyt-19 is a mitochondrial rna chaperone that promotes group i intron splicing and has been shown to resolve misfolded group i intron structures, allowing them to refold. building on previous results, here we use a series of tertiary contact mutants of the tetrahymena group i intron ribozyme to d ...	2014	25002474
snowyowl: accurate prediction of fungal genes by using rna-seq and homology information to select among ab initio models.	locating the protein-coding genes in novel genomes is essential to understanding and exploiting the genomic information but it is still difficult to accurately predict all the genes. the recent availability of detailed information about transcript structure from high-throughput sequencing of messenger rna (rna-seq) delineates many expressed genes and promises increased accuracy in gene prediction. computational gene predictors have been intensively developed for and tested in well-studied animal ...	2014	24980894
heterologous expression and kinetic characterisation of neurospora crassa β-xylosidase in pichia pastoris.	to degrade plant hemicelluloses fungi employ β-xylosidases to hydrolyse xylooligosaccharides, released by endo-xylanases, into xylose. we have expressed the β-xylosidase from neurospora crassa in pichia pastoris under the control of alcohol oxidase 1 (aox1) promoter. the recombinant enzyme is optimally active at 50 °c and ph 5.0 with km and vmax values of 8.9 mm and 1052 μmol min⁻¹ mg⁻¹ respectively against 4-nitrophenyl β-xylopyranoside. xylose is a non-competitive inhibitor with a k(i) of 1.72 ...	2014	24629269
natural antisense transcripts and long non-coding rna in neurospora crassa.	the prevalence of long non-coding rnas (lncrna) and natural antisense transcripts (nats) has been reported in a variety of organisms. while a consensus has yet to be reached on their global importance, an increasing number of examples have been shown to be functional, regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. here, we use rna sequencing data from the abi solid platform to identify lncrna and nats obtained from samples of the filamentous fungus neurospora c ...	2014	24621812
evidence of a critical role for cellodextrin transporte 2 (cdt-2) in both cellulose and hemicellulose degradation and utilization in neurospora crassa.	cdt-1 and cdt-2 are two cellodextrin transporters discovered in the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa. previous studies focused on characterizing the role of these transporters in only a few conditions, including cellulose degradation, and the function of these two transporters is not yet completely understood. in this study, we show that deletion of cdt-2, but not cdt-1, results in growth defects not only on avicel but also on xylan. cdt-2 can be highly induced by xylan, and this mutant has ...	2014	24586693
transcriptional comparison of the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa growing on three major monosaccharides d-glucose, d-xylose and l-arabinose.	d-glucose, d-xylose and l-arabinose are the three major monosaccharides in plant cell walls. complete utilization of all three sugars is still a bottleneck for second-generation cellulolytic bioethanol production, especially for l-arabinose. however, little is known about gene expression profiles during l-arabinose utilization in fungi and a comparison of the genome-wide fungal response to these three major monosaccharides has not yet been reported.	2014	24581151
identification and characterization of a galacturonic acid transporter from neurospora crassa and its application for saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation processes.	pectin-rich agricultural wastes potentially represent favorable feedstocks for the sustainable production of alternative energy and bio-products. their efficient utilization requires the conversion of all major constituent sugars. the current inability of the popular fermentation host saccharomyces cerevisiae to metabolize the major pectic monosaccharide d-galacturonic acid (d-gala) significantly hampers these efforts. while it has been reasoned that the optimization of cellular d-gala uptake wi ...	2014	24502254
bright to dim oscillatory response of the neurospora circadian oscillator.	the fungus neurospora crassa constitutes an important model system extensively used in chronobiology. several studies have addressed how environmental cues, such as light, can reset or synchronize a circadian system. by means of an optimized firefly luciferase reporter gene and a controllable lighting system, we show that neurospora can display molecular circadian rhythms in dim light when cultures receive bright light prior to entering dim light conditions. we refer to this behavior as the "bri ...	2014	24492882
molecular cloning and expression of fungal cellobiose transporters and β-glucosidases conferring efficient cellobiose fermentation in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	cellobiose was once regarded as a byproduct that should be removed from biomass hydrolysates because of its inhibitory activity to cellulases. it was revealed, however, that cellobiose could serve as a co-substrate for xylose fermentation by engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae. despite its advantages, to date, little is known about cellodextrin transporters that endow s. cerevisiae with cellobiose transporting ability. in this study, engineered s. cerevisiae strains capable of fermenting cellobi ...	2014	24184384
a kinetic study of the effects of light on circadian rhythmicity of the frq promoter of neurospora crassa.	the role of the frq gene in the neurospora crassa circadian rhythm has been widely studied, but technical limitations have hindered a thorough analysis of frq circadian expression waveform. through our experiments, we have shown an improved precision in defining neurospora's circadian rhythm kinetics using a codon optimized firefly luciferase gene reporter linked to a frq promoter. in vivo examination of this real-time reporter has allowed for a better understanding of the relationship of the li ...	2014	24492881
an in vitro peptide complementation assay for cyt-18-dependent group i intron splicing reveals a new role for the n-terminus.	the mitochondrial tyrosyl trna synthetase from neurospora crassa (cyt-18 protein) is a bifunctional group i intron splicing cofactor. cyt-18 is capable of splicing multiple group i introns from a wide variety of sources by stabilizing the catalytically active intron structures. cyt-18 and mt tyrrss from related fungal species have evolved to assist in group i intron splicing in part by the accumulation of three n-terminal domain insertions. biochemical and structural analysis indicate that the n ...	2014	24520960
directed evolution of a cellodextrin transporter for improved biofuel production under anaerobic conditions in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	introduction of a cellobiose utilization pathway consisting of a cellodextrin transporter and a β-glucosidase into saccharomyces cerevisiae enables co-fermentation of cellobiose and xylose. cellodextrin transporter 1 (cdt1) from neurospora crassa has been established as an effective transporter for the engineered cellobiose utilization pathways. however, cellodextrin transporter 2 (cdt2) from the same species is a facilitator and has the potential to be more efficient than cdt1 under anaerobic c ...	2014	24519319
determinants of regioselective hydroxylation in the fungal polysaccharide monooxygenases.	the ubiquitous fungal polysaccharide monooxygenases (pmos) (also known as gh61 proteins, lpmos, and aa9 proteins) are structurally related but have significant variation in sequence. a heterologous expression method in neurospora crassa was developed as a step toward connecting regioselectivity of the chemistry to pmo phylogeny. activity assays, as well as sequence and phylogenetic analyses, showed that the majority of fungal pmos fall into three major groups with distinctive active site surface ...	2014	24350607
global analysis of serine/threonine and tyrosine protein phosphatase catalytic subunit genes in neurospora crassa reveals interplay between phosphatases and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.	protein phosphatases are integral components of the cellular signaling machinery in eukaryotes, regulating diverse aspects of growth and development. the genome of the filamentous fungus and model organism neurospora crassa encodes catalytic subunits for 30 protein phosphatase genes. in this study, we have characterized 24 viable n. crassa phosphatase catalytic subunit knockout mutants for phenotypes during growth, asexual development, and sexual development. we found that 91% of the mutants had ...	2014	24347630
evidence for transceptor function of cellodextrin transporters in neurospora crassa.	neurospora crassa colonizes burnt grasslands and metabolizes both cellulose and hemicellulose from plant cell walls. when switched from a favored carbon source to cellulose, n. crassa dramatically up-regulates expression and secretion of genes encoding lignocellulolytic enzymes. however, the means by which n. crassa and other filamentous fungi sense the presence of cellulose in the environment remains unclear. previously, we have shown that a n. crassa mutant carrying deletions of three β-glucos ...	2014	24344125
a c4-oxidizing lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase cleaving both cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.	lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable resource that significantly can substitute fossil resources for the production of fuels, chemicals, and materials. efficient saccharification of this biomass to fermentable sugars will be a key technology in future biorefineries. traditionally, saccharification was thought to be accomplished by mixtures of hydrolytic enzymes. however, recently it has been shown that lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) contribute to this process by catalyzing oxidati ...	2014	24324265
global gene expression and focused knockout analysis reveals genes associated with fungal fruiting body development in neurospora crassa.	fungi can serve as highly tractable models for understanding genetic basis of sexual development in multicellular organisms. applying a reverse-genetic approach to advance such a model, we used random and multitargeted primers to assay gene expression across perithecial development in neurospora crassa. we found that functionally unclassified proteins accounted for most upregulated genes, whereas downregulated genes were enriched for diverse functions. moreover, genes associated with development ...	2014	24243796
a comparative systems analysis of polysaccharide-elicited responses in neurospora crassa reveals carbon source-specific cellular adaptations.	filamentous fungi are powerful producers of hydrolytic enzymes for the deconstruction of plant cell wall polysaccharides. however, the central question of how these sugars are perceived in the context of the complex cell wall matrix remains largely elusive. to address this question in a systematic fashion we performed an extensive comparative systems analysis of how the model filamentous fungus neurospora crassa responds to the three main cell wall polysaccharides: pectin, hemicellulose and cell ...	2014	24224966
solution structure and interface-driven self-assembly of nc2, a new member of the class ii hydrophobin proteins.	hydrophobins are fungal proteins that self-assemble spontaneously to form amphipathic monolayers at hydrophobic:hydrophilic interfaces. hydrophobin assemblies facilitate fungal transitions between wet and dry environments and interactions with plant and animal hosts. nc2 is a previously uncharacterized hydrophobin from neurospora crassa. it is a highly surface active protein and is able to form protein layers on a water:air interface that stabilize air bubbles. on a hydrophobic substrate, nc2 fo ...	2014	24218020
the proteome and phosphoproteome of neurospora crassa in response to cellulose, sucrose and carbon starvation.	improving cellulolytic enzyme production by plant biomass degrading fungi holds great potential in reducing costs associated with production of next-generation biofuels generated from lignocellulose. how fungi sense cellulosic materials and respond by secreting enzymes has mainly been examined by assessing function of transcriptional regulators and via transcriptional profiling. here, we obtained global proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiles of the plant biomass degrading filamentous fungus neu ...	2014	24881580