Publications

expression and sequence comparison of the aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubigensis genes encoding polygalacturonase ii.	the structure and expression of the polygalacturonase-encoding pgaii genes of two recently recognized species, aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubigensis, was investigated. while the structure of the pgaii genes is very similar, showing 83% dna sequence identity and 94% identity at the amino acid level, they have diverged significantly. the nh2-terminal sequence suggests that these pgs are made as pre pro-proteins and the secretory propeptide of the pgii precursors shows sequence homology with ...	1991	1878999
structural features of a polygalacturonase gene cloned from aspergillus oryzae kbn616.	a genomic gene encoding a polygalacturonase from aspergillus oryzae, used in soy sauce production, was cloned and sequenced. the structural gene comprises 1227 bp coding for 363 amino acids with a putative prepropeptide of 28 amino acids and the open reading frame is disrupted by two short introns of 57 bp and 81 bp. the deduced amino acid sequence of the mature protein showed 63, 63, 63 and 64% homology with those of aspergillus niger polygalacturonase i, aspergillus niger polygalacturonase ii, ...	1993	8359678
mitochondrial dna restriction fragment length polymorphisms in field isolates of the aspergillus niger aggregate.	the mitochondrial dnas (mtdnas) and the ribosomal repeat unit (ribosomal dna, rdna) of black aspergillus isolates collected in various parts of the world were examined. wide-ranging mtdna variation was observed in natural populations of the aspergillus niger aggregate. most isolates were classifiable as a. niger or aspergillus tubingensis according to their rdna and mtdna patterns. the mtdna variation was distributed unevenly in the populations studied. the mtdnas of most of the isolates collect ...	1994	7922884
double-stranded rna mycoviruses in section nigri of the aspergillus genus.	double-stranded rna bands were detected electrophoretically in about 7% of natural isolates and in 13 of 51 collection strains belonging in section nigri of the genus aspergillus. the identity of these bands was proved by s1 nuclease and rnase treatment. most of the virus-containing natural isolates came from indonesia. electron microscopic examination of the strains revealed the presence of virus-like particles in the mycelia of the strains examined. all of the virus-like particles were isometr ...	1994	8039055
regulation of the xylanase-encoding xlna gene of aspergillus tubigensis.	a gene encoding an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase from aspergillus tubigensis was cloned by oligonucleotide screening using oligonucleotides derived from amino acid sequence data obtained from the purified protein. the isolated gene was functional as it could be expressed in the very closely related fungus aspergillus niger. the xylanase encoded by this gene is synthesized as a protein of 211 amino acids. after cleavage of the presumed prepropeptide this results in a mature protein of 184 amino acids wi ...	1994	8065265
primary structure and characterization of an exopolygalacturonase from aspergillus tubingensis.	from the culture fluid of the hyphal fungus aspergillus tubingensis, an exopolygalacturonase with a molecular mass of 78 kda, an isoelectric point in the ph-range 3.7-4.4 and a ph optimum of 4.2 was purified. the enzyme has been characterized as an exopolygalacturonase [poly(1,4-alpha-d-galacturonide)galacturonohydrolase] that cleaves monomer units from the non-reducing end of the substrate molecule. k(m) and vmax for polygalacturonic acid hydrolysis were 3.2 mg ml-1 and 3.1 mg ml-1 and 255 u mg ...	1996	8856078
the faea genes from aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis encode ferulic acid esterases involved in degradation of complex cell wall polysaccharides.	we report the cloning and characterization of a gene encoding a ferulic acid esterase, faea, from aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis. the a. niger and a. tubingensis genes have a high degree of sequence identity and contain one conserved intron. the gene product, faea, was overexpressed in wild-type a. tubingensis and a protease-deficient a. niger mutant. overexpression of both genes in wild-type a. tubingensis and an a. niger protease-deficient mutant showed that the a. tubingensis g ...	1997	9406381
molecular cloning, primary structure, and properties of a new glycoamidase from the fungus aspergillus tubigensis.	a new glycoamidase, peptide-n4-(n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase (pngase) at, was discovered in the eukaryote aspergillus tubigensis. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity, and the dna sequence was determined by cloning in escherichia coli. over 80% of the deduced amino acid sequence was verified independently by edman analysis and/or electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry of protease fragments of native pngase at. this glycoamidase contains 12 potential asparagine-linked glyc ...	1997	9312552
cloning of a protopectinase gene of trichosporon penicillatum and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	a protopectinase (ppase)-encoding gene, pse3, from trichosporon penicillatum was cloned by colony hybridization using two oligonucleotide probes synthesized from the n-terminal amino acid sequences of native ppase se1 and one peptide from a lysyl endopeptidase digest. nucleotide sequencing revealed that pse3 contains an orf encoding a 367 amino acid protein. mature ppase se3 is composed of 340 amino acids and the n-terminus of the orf appeared to correspond to a signal peptide and a propeptide p ...	1997	9168614
arabinoxylan degradation by fungi: characterization of the arabinoxylan-arabinofuranohydrolase encoding genes from aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis.	the genes encoding the enzyme arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase, which releases l-arabinose from arabinoxylan, have been cloned from the closely related fungi aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis and were shown to be functional in a. niger. integration of multiple copies in the genome resulted in over-expression of the enzymes. the arabinofuranohydrolases encoded comprise 332 amino acids and have 94% amino acid identity. their primary structure is not related to those of other alpha-l ...	1997	9000377
targeted mutants of cochliobolus carbonum lacking the two major extracellular polygalacturonases.	the filamentous fungus cochliobolus carbonum produces endo-alpha 1,4-polygalacturonase (endopg), exo-alpha 1,4-polygalacturonase (exopg), and pectin methylesterase when grown in culture on pectin. residual activity in a pgn1 mutant (lacking endopg) was due to exopg activity, and the responsible protein has now been purified. after chemical deglycosylation, the molecular mass of the purified protein decreased from greater than 60 to 45 kda. the gene that encodes exopg, pgx1, was isolated with pcr ...	1998	9546185
overexpression of pngase at from baculovirus-infected insect cells.	peptide-n4-(n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminyl asparagine amidase) from aspergillus tubigensis (pngase at) was expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells. the recombinant pngase at was secreted and purified to homogeneity with a yield of 9.5 mg per liter of infected cell medium. recombinant pngase at migrated upon sds-page as a single-chain protein with a molecular mass of 78 kda. this contrasts with the native aspergillus enzyme which is "nicked" and migrates as two subunits each with a molecular ...	1998	9790895
agua, the gene encoding an extracellular alpha-glucuronidase from aspergillus tubingensis, is specifically induced on xylose and not on glucuronic acid.	an extracellular alpha-glucuronidase was purified and characterized from a commercial aspergillus preparation and from culture filtrate of aspergillus tubingensis. the enzyme has a molecular mass of 107 kda as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 112 kda as determined by mass spectrometry, has a determined pi just below 5.2, and is stable at ph 6.0 for prolonged times. the ph optimum for the enzyme is between 4.5 and 6.0, and the temperature optimum is 70 d ...	1998	9440512
performance of selected microbial pectinases on synthetic monomethyl-esterified di- and trigalacturonates.	two monomethyl esters of alpha-(1-4)-linked d-galacturonic dimers and three monomethyl esters of alpha-(1-4)-linked d-galacturonic acid trimers were synthesized chemically and further used as substrates in order to establish the substrate specificity of six different endopolygalacturonases from aspergillus niger, one exopolygalacturonase from aspergillus tubingensis, and four selected erwinia chrysanthemi pectinases; exopolygalacturonan hydrolase x (pehx), exopolygalacturonate lyase x (pelx), ex ...	1999	10601263
new pcr method to differentiate species in the aspergillus niger aggregate.	the dna that encodes the 5.8s gene of the ribosomal rna and the two intergenic spacers its1 and its2 of the two proposed type strains of the aspergillus niger aggregate (a. niger and aspergillus tubingensis) have been sequenced. by comparison of sequences we have found that both species could be differentiated by rsai digestion of the pcr products of the mentioned regions. this method could be a useful tool in the identification of strains of the a. niger aggregate, especially in studies that in ...	1999	10556711
the exopolygalacturonase from aspergillus tubingensis is also active on xylogalacturonan.	apple-pectin hairy regions were prepared from apple pectin by combined action of the recombinant aspergillus niger enzymes endopolygalacturonase ii and pectin methylesterase and the a. tubigensis exopolygalacturonase. using this enzymically prepared pectin fraction, an additional activity of the a. tubigensis exopolygalacturonase was discovered only when the substrate was chemically saponified and when d-galacturonate, a potent inhibitor of the enzyme, was removed from the incubation mixture. th ...	1999	10467119
inverting character of alpha-glucuronidase a from aspergillus tubingensis.	alpha-glucuronidase a from aspergillus tubingensis was found to be capable of liberating 4-o-methyl-d-glucuronic acid (meglca) only from those beechwood glucuronoxylan fragments in which the acid is attached to the non-reducing terminal xylopyranosyl residue. reduced aldotetrauronic acid, 4-o-methyl-d-glucuronosyl-alpha-1,2-d-xylopyranosyl-beta-1,4-xylopyranosyl-beta-1,4-xylitol, was found to be a suitable substrate to follow the stereochemical course of the hydrolytic reaction catalyzed by the ...	2000	10779688
endo-xylogalacturonan hydrolase, a novel pectinolytic enzyme.	we screened an aspergillus tubingensis expression library constructed in the yeast kluyveromyces lactis for xylogalacturonan-hydrolyzing activity in microwell plates by using a bicinchoninic acid assay. this assay detects reducing carbohydrate groups when they are released from a carbohydrate by enzymatic activity. two k. lactis recombinants exhibiting xylogalacturonan-hydrolyzing activity were found among the 3,400 colonies tested. the cdna insert of these recombinants encoded a 406-amino-acid ...	2000	10618200
cloning and disruption of pgx4 encoding an in planta expressed exopolygalacturonase from fusarium oxysporum.	fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, the causal agent of tomato vascular wilt, produces an array of pectinolytic enzymes, including at least two exo-alpha1,4-polygalacturonases (exopgs). a gene encoding an exopg, pgx4, was isolated with degenerate polymerase chain reaction primers derived from amino acid sequences conserved in two fungal exopgs. pgx4 encodes a 454 amino acid polypeptide with nine potential n-glycosylation sites and a putative 21 amino acid n-terminal signal peptide. the deduce ...	2000	10755298
cloning, sequencing and expression of an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from aspergillus sojae.	the arabinofuranosidase gene was cloned from the cdna of aspergillus sojae. it was found to contain an open reading frame composed of 984 base pairs (bp) and to encode 328 amino acid residues (aa). the cdna sequence suggested that the mature enzyme is preceded by a 26-aa signal sequence and the molecular mass was predicted to be 32,749 da. the a. sojae arabinofuranosidase consists of a single catalytic domain; it does not have a specific substrate-binding domain such as the xylan-binding domain ...	2000	16232740
a universal assay for screening expression libraries for carbohydrases.	although many assays are available for the screening of expression libraries for carbohydrases, some enzymes cannot be detected because their substrates are incompatible with the existing assays. one thing that all carbohydrases have in common is that they increase the number of reducing ends when degrading their substrates. in this paper we explore the possibility of detecting this increase with the highly sensitive bicinchoninic acid (bca) reducing value assay. this assay can be used for the d ...	2000	16232711
dihydrocarbazole alkaloids from aspergillus tubingensis.	investigation of the fungus aspergillus tubingensis has led to the isolation and identification of two dihydrocarbazole-containing compounds (1 and 2). details of the purification and structure elucidation of 1 and 2 are described. this is the first known report of dihydrocarbazole-containing compounds to be isolated from a living system.	2001	11421760
identification, classification and phylogeny of the aspergillus section nigri inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.	the partial mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 32 strains of 12 species belonging to aspergillus section nigri was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced directly. using 402 nucleotide characters, nucleotide-based and amino acid-based phylogenetic trees were inferred and the genetic divergence among the species was evaluated. based on analyses of the 402-bp nucleotide and 133-amino acid sequences, strains were divided into 11 dna types and five amino acid types. aspergillus n ...	2001	11425482
beta-glucosidase multiplicity from aspergillus tubingensis cbs 643.92: purification and characterization of four beta-glucosidases and their differentiation with respect to substrate specificity, glucose inhibition and acid tolerance.	from aspergillus tubingensis cbs 643.92 four distinct beta-glucosidases (i-iv) were purified by a four-step purification procedure. sds-page revealed molecular masses of 131, 126, 54 and 54 kda, respectively, and their isoelectric points were determined to be 4.2, 3.9, 3.7 and 3.6, respectively. the beta-glucosidases exhibited high diversity with respect to ph and temperature optima and stability, as well as to substrate specificity and glucose tolerance. the major beta-glucosidase (i) preferent ...	2001	11330708
biosolubilization of poorly soluble rock phosphates by aspergillus tubingensis and aspergillus niger.	three isolates of aspergillus tubingensis and two isolates of aspergillus niger isolated from rhizospheric soils were tested on solubilization of different rock phosphates. all the isolates of aspergillus were capable of solubilizing all the natural rock phosphates. a. tubingensis (at1) showed maximum percent solubilization in all the rock phosphates tested in this study when compared to other isolates. this isolate also showed highest phosphorus (p) solubilization when grown in the presence of ...	2002	12139336
curvularia haloperoxidase: antimicrobial activity and potential application as a surface disinfectant.	a presumed antimicrobial enzyme system, the curvularia haloperoxidase system, was examined with the aim of evaluating its potential as a sanitizing agent. in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, curvularia haloperoxidase facilitates the oxidation of halides, such as chloride, bromide, and iodide, to antimicrobial compounds. the curvularia haloperoxidase system caused several-log-unit reductions in counts of bacteria (pseudomonas spp., escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, aeromonas salmonicida, s ...	2003	12902249
mitochondrial dna organisation of the mtdna type 2b of aspergillus tubingensis compared to the aspergillus niger mtdna type 1a.	a physical and functional map of aspergillus tubingensis mtdna type 2b was constructed and compared to aspergillus niger typei a mtdna. the gene content and order, as well as the patterns of restriction sites, were similar. two unidentified orfs and several repeat elements were found in the region between the ndhl and ndh4 genes on both mtdnas. the sizes of the a. niger and a. tubingensis mtdnas were 31.23 and 33.06 kb. respectively, the difference was principally attributed to the altered intro ...	2004	15600010
characterization and mode of action of an exopolygalacturonase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima.	an intracellular pectinolytic enzyme, pelb (tm0437), from the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima was functionally produced in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. pelb belongs to family 28 of the glycoside hydrolases, consisting of pectin-hydrolysing enzymes. as one of the few bacterial exopolygalacturonases, it is able to remove monogalacturonate units from the nonreducing end of polygalacturonate. detailed characterization of the enzyme showed that pelb is highly thermo-a ...	2005	16262687
study of spanish grape mycobiota and ochratoxin a production by isolates of aspergillus tubingensis and other members of aspergillus section nigri.	the native mycobiota of five grape varieties grown in spain has been studied. four (bobal, tempranillo, garnacha, and monastrell) were red varieties and one (moscatel) was white. the main fungal genera isolated were alternaria, cladosporium, and aspergillus. the isolation frequency of aspergillus spp. section nigri in contaminated samples was 82%. ochratoxin a (ota) production was assessed using yeast extract-sucrose broth supplemented with 5% bee pollen. cultures of 205 isolates from this secti ...	2005	16085865
aspergillus vadensis, a new species of the group of black aspergilli.	a strain from the group of black aspergilli was analysed in detail to determine the species to which it belongs. a detailed analysis of morphology, rflp patterns and metabolite profiles was carried out. in addition, a phylogenetic tree was constructed for the black aspergilli using the its and the beta-tubulin sequences of the individual strains. the new species differs by its poor growth on glycerol and galacturonate and its unique extrolite profile consisting of aurasperone b, nigragillin, asp ...	2005	15803385
isolation and sequencing of a new glucoamylase gene from an aspergillus niger aggregate strain (dsm 823) molecularly classified as aspergillus tubingensis.	based on morphological characteristics the taxa included in the aspergillus aggregate can hardly be differentiated. for that reason the phylogeny of this genus was revised several times as different criteria, from morphological to later molecular, were used. we found, comparing nucleotide sequences of the its-region, that the strain aspergillus niger (dsm 823) which is claimed to be identical to the strains atcc 10577, imi 027809, nctc 7193 and nrrl 2322 can be molecularly classified as aspergil ...	2005	16284933
aflp characterization of southern europe population of aspergillus section nigri from grapes.	members of aspergillus belonging to section nigri are distributed worldwide and are mainly responsible for the ochratoxin a accumulation in grapes and wine, particularly in southern europe. limited information is available on the species composition and genetic variability of black aspergilli strains occurring on grapes. we analyzed 283 representative strains from the main wine producing european countries collected in 2001-2002 (italy, france, spain, portugal, greece and israel) using amplified ...	2006	16682091
ochratoxin a production and amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of aspergillus carbonarius, aspergillus tubingensis, and aspergillus niger strains isolated from grapes in italy.	ochratoxin a is a potent nephrotoxin and a possible human carcinogen that can contaminate various agricultural products, including grapes and wine. the capabilities of species other than aspergillus carbonarius within aspergillus section nigri to produce ochratoxin a from grapes are uncertain, since strain identification is based primarily on morphological traits. we used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) and genomic dna sequences (rrna, calmodulin, and beta-tubulin genes) to ident ...	2006	16391107
an its-rflp method to identify black aspergillus isolates responsible for ota contamination in grapes and wine.	ochratoxigenic mycobiota in grapes from representative wine regions in valencia was identified. black aspergilli were predominant among the different aspergillus spp. isolated. restriction digestion analysis of the its products was tested as a rapid method to identify isolates of black aspergillus species from grapes. restriction endonuclease digestion of the its products using the endonucleases hhai, nlaiii and rsai, distinguished five types of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) co ...	2007	16870292
interpretation of mtdna rflp variability among aspergillus tubingensis isolates.	aspergillus tubingensis isolates collected from distant geographic areas were earlier classified into six groups on the basis of the mtdna rflp variability they exhibited (mtdna types 2a-2f). in the present work, we investigated the reason for the intraspecific mtdna variability and we describe here how this fungus, with a relatively small mitochondrial genome, can display intraspecific polymorphism due to intron acquisition and also sporadic point mutations affecting the recognition motifs of t ...	2007	17043909
asperpyrone d and other metabolites of the plant-associated fungal strain aspergillus tubingensis.	bioactivity-guided fractionation of a cytotoxic extract of aspergillus tubingensis, a fungal strain occurring in the rhizosphere of the sonoran desert plant, fallugia paradoxa, afforded a dimeric naphtho-gamma-pyrone asperpyrone d, nine known naphtho-gamma-pyrones, funalenone, and the cytotoxic cyclic penta-peptide, malformin a1.	2007	17150233
aspergillus brasiliensis sp. nov., a biseriate black aspergillus species with world-wide distribution.	a novel species, aspergillus brasiliensis sp. nov., is described within aspergillus section nigri. this species can be distinguished from other black aspergilli based on intergenic transcribed region, beta-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences, by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and by extrolite profiles. a. brasiliensis isolates produced naphtho-gamma-pyrones, tensidol a and b and pyrophen in common with aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis, but also several unique comp ...	2007	17684283
polymerase chain reaction (pcr) identification of aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis based on the calmodulin gene.	aspergillus niger and a. tubingensis, species belonging to section nigri, are commonly found in plant products and processed food, such as grapes, cereals, coffee, and derived products. these two species are very difficult to differentiate by classical morphological criteria and some isolates are known to produce ochratoxin a. the exact identification of these two species is very important to avoid the overestimation of toxicological contamination and related risks. a polymerase chain reaction ( ...	2007	17886188
inhibition of species of the aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a production in grapes by fusapyrone.	fusapyrone (fp), an antifungal natural compound, was tested against the three main ochratoxigenic species of the aspergillus section nigri. the mics at 24 h were 6.0, 11.6, and 9.9 mug/ml for aspergillus carbonarius, aspergillus tubingensis, and aspergillus niger, respectively. strong inhibition of growth and morphological changes were still observed at half the mic after 7 days. the application of a 100 mug/ml fp solution in a laboratory assay on artificially inoculated grapes resulted in a sig ...	2008	18263739
effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on phosphate solubilization by a wild-type strain and uv-induced mutants of aspergillus tubingensis.	the mechanisms of action of phosphate solubilization were studied in the wild-type strain aspergillus tubingensis and the phenotypic mutants derived from it. the p solubilization activities of these isolates were measured in liquid media using different carbon and nitrogen sources. all the mutants showed higher p solubilization compared to the wild type. glucose and sucrose significantly promoted p solubilization compared to fructose, lactose, galactose, and xylose. potassium nitrate significant ...	2008	18663523
ultraviolet-c and induced stilbenes control ochratoxigenic aspergillus in grapes.	this study investigated the efficacy of ultraviolet-c (254 nm) and induced stilbenes to inhibit aspergillus carbonarius and aspergillus tubingensis and control ochratoxin a production in grapes. in addition, the stilbene synthesis as a response to uv-c treatment and to infection of ochratoxigenic aspergillus was compared. the initial microbial inactivation by a previously optimized uv-c illumination protocol for increasing trans-resveratrol content in grapes (50 w/m (2), 40 cm, 60 s) was similar ...	2008	18841974
isolation and identification of a strain of aspergillus tubingensis with deoxynivalenol biotransformation capability.	deoxynivalenol (don) is one of the most common contaminants of various foodstuffs. a biotransformation system was used in order to lessen the toxicity of don. a strain of aspergillus (nja-1) was isolated from soil and cultured in an inorganic salt medium containing don. bt2a/bt2b primers were used to amplify the beta-tubulin gene of nja-1. sequence analysis the pcr product and morphology observation indicated that nja-1 belonged to aspergillus tubingensis (aerobic fungi). the dna sequence inform ...	2008	19330081
comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of aspergillus niger mtdna type 1a and aspergillus tubingensis mtdna type 2b.	to understand the differences in the organization of mitochondrial genomes of the very closely related aspergillus niger and aspergillus tubingensis species, we determined the complete genome sequence of the 1a mtdna type of a. niger and 2b mtdna type of a. tubingensis and now we provide a comparative analysis of the two mtdnas. we found that (1) the organization (gene content and order) of the two genomes is almost identical and (2) the size difference between them is principally attributed to ...	2008	18318841
infectious keratitis caused by aspergillus tubingensis.	to report 2 cases of keratomycosis caused by aspergillus tubingensis.	2009	19654512
decolorization and semi-batch continuous treatment of molasses distillery wastewater by aspergillus tubingensis dct6.	large quantities of deeply pigmented molasses distillery wastewater (mdw), are discharged during the production of bio-ethanol from molasses. conventional biological wastewater treatment is not effective in removing the molasses pigments. in the present study, a mdw treatment system was developed with combination treatment involving biodecolorization and biotreatment by aspergillus tubingensis dct6, together with physical decolorization by ozonation after treatment by activated sludge. a. tubing ...	2009	19494457
cr(vi) reduction by an aspergillus tubingensis strain: role of carboxylic acids and implications for natural attenuation and biotreatment of cr(vi) contamination.	experiments conducted in shake flask cultures, in minimal medium of ph 5.3 containing 50 microg ml(-1)cr(vi) with glucose as a carbon source, indicated that the biomass of aspergillus sp. strain ed8, a chromate-tolerant fungal strain previously isolated from a chromium-polluted soil, responds to the presence of citrate in the medium by increasing the rate of cr(vi) reduction; this effect required the use of live biomass and was not observed in medium with lactate. other natural carboxylic acids ...	2009	19286242
molecular identification of aspergillus species collected for the transplant-associated infection surveillance network.	a large aggregate collection of clinical isolates of aspergilli (n = 218) from transplant patients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis was available from the transplant-associated infection surveillance network, a 6-year prospective surveillance study. to determine the aspergillus species distribution in this collection, isolates were subjected to comparative sequence analyses by use of the internal transcribed spacer and beta-tubulin regions. aspergillus fumigatus was the predominant ...	2009	19675215
impact of some environmental factors on growth and production of ochratoxin a of/by aspergillus tubingensis, a. niger, and a. carbonarius isolated from moroccan grapes.	the effects of temperature, water activity (aw), incubation time, and their combinations on radial growth and ochratoxin a (ota) production of/by eight aspergillus niger aggregate strains (six a. tubingensis and two a. niger) and four a. carbonarius isolated from moroccan grapes were studied. optimal conditions for the growth of most studied strains were shown to be at 25 degrees c and 0.95 aw. no growth was observed at 10 degrees c regardless of the water activity and isolates. the optimal temp ...	2009	19763414
three dimeric naphtho-γ-pyrones from the mangrove endophytic fungus aspergillus tubingensis isolated from pongamia pinnata.	three new dimeric naphtho-γ-pyrones, named rubasperone a (1), rubasperone b (2), and rubasperone c (3), together with two known compounds, rubrofusarin (4) and rubrofusarin b (5), were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus aspergillus tubingensis (gx1-5e). their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including ir, ms, and 1d and 2d nmr. the structures of 1 and 2 were further confirmed by x-ray crystallography. in the bioactivity assays against tyrosinase and α-glucosidase, r ...	2010	20506081
identification and characterisation of human pathogenic filamentous fungi and susceptibility to thymus schimperi essential oil.	summary twenty-eight clinical fungal isolates were characterised by morphological (macro- and micro-features and growth response at 25, 30 and 37 degrees c) and molecular (nuclear rdna-internal transcriber spacer, calmodulin, cytochrome c oxidase 1 and the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii) analyses. the clinical fungal isolates were ascribed to the following taxa: penicillium chrysogenum, verticillium sp., aspergillus tubingensis, aspergillus minutus, beauveria bassiana and microsporum gypse ...	2010	20633233
identification of a gh62 α-l-arabinofuranosidase specific for arabinoxylan produced by penicillium chrysogenum.	an arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase (axs5) was purified from the culture filtrate of penicillium chrysogenum 31b. a cdna encoding axs5 (axs5) was isolated by in vitro cloning using the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the native enzyme as a starting point. the deduced amino acid sequence of the axs5 gene has high similarities with those of arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolases of aspergillus niger, aspergillus tubingensis, and aspergillus sojae. module sequence analysis revealed that a "glyco ...	2010	21181156
isolation and identification of two new fungal strains for xylanase production.	fungi are well known for their ability to excrete enzymes into the environment. the aim of this work was to evaluate xylanase production by fungi isolated from soil. one hundred and thirty-six fungal isolates were screened for xylanase production. two xylanase producing isolates, fss117 and fss129, were identified on the basis of analyses of 5,8s gene sequencing. the closest phylogenetic neighbors according to 5,8s gene sequence data for the two isolates were aspergillus tubingensis and aspergil ...	2010	20383603
Species assignment and antifungal susceptibilities of black aspergilli recovered from otomycosis cases in Iran.	Black aspergilli are among the main causative agents of otomycosis worldwide. In this study, the species assignment of black aspergilli isolated from otomycosis cases in Iran was carried out using sequence analysis of part of the calmodulin gene. The results indicate that Aspergillus niger is not the only black Aspergillus species involved in otomycosis cases in Iran: Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus tubingensis are also able to cause ear infections. Antifungal susceptibility tests were carri ...	2011	21895787
Genetic re-identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of Aspergillus section Nigri strains of the BCCM/IHEM collection.	Black Aspergilli are widely distributed in the environment and are frequently reported as causative agents of different types of mycoses. Many taxonomical revisions have been made, and presently 19 different species are accepted. In this study we (re-) identified 123 strains of the Aspergillus niger group of the BCCM/IHEM collection to check for the presence of species other than A. niger in both environmental and clinical samples. The susceptibility for antifungal drugs was compared between A. ...	2011	21929560
Aspergillus niger contains the cryptic phylogenetic species A. awamori.	Aspergillus section Nigri is an important group of species for food and medical mycology, and biotechnology. The Aspergillus niger 'aggregate' represents its most complicated taxonomic subgroup containing eight morphologically indistinguishable taxa: A. niger, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus acidus, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus costaricaensis, Aspergillus lacticoffeatus, Aspergillus piperis, and Aspergillus vadensis. Aspergillus awamori, first described by Nakazawa, has been compar ...	2011	22036292
in vitro antifungal activity of terpinen-4-ol, eugenol, carvone, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) and thymol against mycotoxigenic plant pathogens.	the aim of this study was to examine the effect of five naturally occurring compounds from essential oils on 10 different species of mycotoxigenic fungi involved in several plant diseases. the antifungal activities of terpinen-4-ol, eugenol, carvone, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) and thymol were observed in vitro on fusarium subglutinans, fusarium cerealis, fusarium verticillioides, fusarium proliferatum, fusarium oxysporum, fusarium sporotrichioides, aspergillus tubingensis, aspergillus carbonarius, ...	2011	22257275
production of xylanase under solid-state fermentation by aspergillus tubingensis jp-1 and its application.	the production of extracellular xylanase by a locally isolated strain of aspergillus tubingensis jp-1 was studied under solid-state fermentation. among the various agro residues used wheat straw was found to be the best for high yield of xylanase with poor cellulase production. the influence of various parameters such as initial ph, moisture, moistening agents, nitrogen sources, additives, surfactants and pretreatment of substrates were investigated. the production of the xylanase reached a peak ...	2012	22271252
season and tissue type affect fungal endophyte communities of the indian medicinal plant tinospora cordifolia more strongly than geographic location.	a total of 1,151 endophytic fungal isolates representing 29 taxa were isolated from symptom-less, surface-sterilized segments of stem, leaf, petiole, and root of tinospora cordifolia which had been collected at three locations differing in air pollution in india (ramnagar, banaras hindu university, maruadih) during three seasons (summer, monsoon, winter). endophytes were most abundant in leaf tissues (29.38% of all isolates), followed by stem (18.16%), petiole (10.11%), and root segments (6.27%) ...	2012	22430503
microbial dynamics of commercial makgeolli depending on the storage temperature.	market fresh makgeolli was stored at different temperatures of 4°c and 25°c to assess the change of the microbial diversity according to the storage temperature and period. yeast counts increased until day 3 of storage and decreased thereafter. general and lactic acid bacterial counts continuously increased during storage. the data indicated that the control of growth of microorganisms, particularly general bacteria and lactic acid bacteria (lab), is essential. total acid levels started to decre ...	2012	22713986
optimization of inulinase production by a newly isolated aspergillus tubingensis cr16 using low cost substrates.	production of an extracellular, thermostable inulinase was carried out by a newly isolated strain of aspergillus tubingensis cr16 using wheat bran and corn steep liquor (csl) under solid state fermentation (ssf). response surface methodology (rsm) involving box behnken design (bbd) was employed for the optimization of process parameters viz. time period of fermentation, % moisture content, inoculum size and ph of the medium. maximum yield of inulinase was 257±11.4 u/g, obtained by inoculating 5 ...	2012	24751068
assessment of the ochratoxin a production ability of aspergillus tubingensis.	aspergillus tubingensis is a black aspergillus frequently isolated from different agricultural products, including grapes. conflicting results have been published in recent years about its ability to produce ochratoxin a (ota), a potent nephrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin. this study re-examined six a. tubingensis strains deposited in international culture collections for ota production. ota could not be detected in any a. tubingensis extract using hplc coupled with a fluorescence detector (f ...	2012	22827810
microsatellite repeat dynamics in mitochondrial genomes of phytopathogenic fungi: frequency and distribution in the genic and intergenic regions.	the frequency and distribution of microsatellites were analyzed in the 19 mitogenomes of phytopathogenic fungi covering five phyla. our analysis revealed that in all the mitogenomes studied, the frequency and relative abundance varied, and it was neither influenced by genome size nor by gc content. ssrs were found to be differential distributed in genic and intergenic regions. an average of 5.14 (23.6%) ssrs were present in genic sequences and 21.7 (76.4%) ssrs were located in the intergenic seq ...	2012	23275715
involvement of the opportunistic pathogen aspergillus tubingensis in osteomyelitis of the maxillary bone: a case report.	aspergillus tubingensis is a black aspergillus belonging to the aspergillus section nigri, which includes species that morphologically resemble aspergillus niger. recent developments in species determination have resulted in clinical isolates presumed to be aspergillus niger being reclassified as aspergillus tubingensis by sequencing. we present a report of a patient with an osteomyelitis of the maxillary bone with a probable invasive aspergillus tubingensis infection.	2013	23374883
biogenic antimicrobial silver nanoparticles produced by fungi.	aspergillus tubingensis and bionectria ochroleuca showed excellent extracellular ability to synthesize silver nanoparticles (ag np), spherical in shape and 35 ± 10 nm in size. ag np were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction analysis, and photon correlation spectroscopy for particle size and zeta potential. proteins present in the fungal filtrate and in ag np dispersion were analyzed by electrophoresis (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). ag ...	2013	22707055
fungal diversity of rice straw for meju fermentation.	rice straw is closely associated with meju fermentation and it is generally known that the rice straw provides meju with many kinds of microorganisms. in order to elucidate the origin of meju fungi, the fungal diversity of rice straw was examined. rice straw was collected from 12 jang factories where meju are produced, and were incubated under nine different conditions by altering the media (mea, drbc, and dg18), and temperature (15°c, 25°c, and 35°c). in total, 937 strains were isolated and ide ...	2013	24043125
crystal structure of endo-xylogalacturonan hydrolase from aspergillus tubingensis.	endo-xylogalacturonan hydrolase is a member of glycoside hydrolase family 28 (gh28) that hydrolyzes the glycosidic bond between two β-xylose-substituted galacturonic acid residues in pectin. presented here is the x-ray crystal structure of the endo-xylogalacturonan hydrolase from aspergillus tubingensis (xgha) at 1.75 å resolution. the high degree of structural conservation in the active site and catalytic apparatus compared with polygalacturonases indicates that cleavage of the substrate procee ...	2013	24034788
enantioconvergent biohydrolysis of racemic styrene oxide to r-phenyl-1, 2-ethanediol by a newly isolated filamentous fungus aspergillus tubingensis tf1.	an effort was made to isolate biocatalysts hydrolyzing epoxides from various ecological niches of northeast india, a biodiversity hot spot zone of the world and screened for epoxide hydrolase activity to convert different racemic epoxides to the corresponding 1, 2-vicinal diols. screening of a total of 450 microorganisms isolated was carried out using nbp colorimetric assay. one of the strains tf1, after internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis, identified as aspergillus tubingensis, showed ...	2013	23797508
disruption of the l-arabitol dehydrogenase encoding gene in aspergillus tubingensis results in increased xylanase production.	fungal xylanases are of major importance to many industrial sectors, such as food and feed, paper and pulp, and biofuels. improving their production is therefore highly relevant. we determined the molecular basis of an improved xylanase-producing strain of aspergillus tubingensis that was generated by uv mutagenesis in an industrial strain improvement program. using enzyme assays, gene expression, sequencing of the lada locus in the parent and mutant, and complementation of the mutation, we were ...	2013	23713061
discovery of novel secreted fungal sulfhydryl oxidases with a plate test screen.	sulfhydryl oxidases (sox) are fad-dependent enzymes capable of oxidising free thiol groups and forming disulphide bonds. although the quantity of scientific papers and suggested applications for sox is constantly increasing, only a limited number of microbial sox have been reported and are commercially available. hence, the aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable qualitative plate test for screening novel secreted fungal sox. the screening was based on the ellman's reagent, i.e. 5,5 ...	2013	23417429
raw starch conversion by saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing aspergillus tubingensis amylases.	starch is one of the most abundant organic polysaccharides available for the production of bio-ethanol as an alternative transport fuel. cost-effective utilisation of starch requires consolidated bioprocessing (cbp) where a single microorganism can produce the enzymes required for hydrolysis of starch, and also convert the glucose monomers to ethanol.	2013	24286270
biodiversity of aspergillus section nigri populations in argentinian vineyards and ochratoxin a contamination.	aspergillus section nigri are described as the main source of ochratoxin a (ota) contamination in grapes and wine worldwide. the knowledge of the factors affecting grape contamination by species included in this section and ota production is essential to be able to reduce their presence, not only to improve wine quality, but also to maintain their safety. therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the incidence of aspergillus section nigri species harvested in different grape-growing re ...	2013	24010597
sexual reproduction in aspergillus tubingensis from section nigri.	a sclerotium-forming member of aspergillus section nigri was sampled from a population in a single field in north carolina, usa, and identified as a. tubingensis based on genealogical concordance analysis. aspergillus tubingensis was shown to be heterothallic, with individual strains containing either a mat1-1 or mat1-2 mating-type gene. strains of opposite mating type were crossed on mixed cereal agar and incubated for 5-6 months. stromata typically formed 1-2 indehiscent ascocarps containing a ...	2013	23709489
exposure assessment of lovastatin in pu-erh tea.	this paper reports the results of an extensive survey on the levels of lovastatin in pu-erh tea samples. the microbial source of lovastatin was assessed by testing the ability of fungi with higher isolation frequency in the pu-erh tea samples to produce lovastatin on czapek yeast extract agar (cya). lovastatin was not detected in any of the raw pu-erh tea samples without storage but was found in almost all the ripe pu-erh tea samples, with lovastatin contents ranging from 20.61 ng/gdw to 226.38 ...	2013	23587710
proteome-based profiling of hypercellulase-producing strains developed through interspecific protoplast fusion between aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus tubingensis.	thirty heterokaryons, formed by protoplast fusion of aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus tubingensis, were selected on the basis of their ability to grow on 2-deoxyglucose (0.2 %, w/v) and intermediate spore color. these heterokaryons were studied for cellulase production using shake flask and solid substrate cultures at 40 °c. fusants 51 and 28 exhibited appreciably higher levels of endoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and fpase activities when compared with parental strains. emplo ...	2013	23197346
distribution and mycotoxigenic potential of aspergillus section nigri species in naturally contaminated almonds.	in a previous study, inedible almond pick-out samples were assayed for aflatoxin and aflatoxigenic aspergillus species. these samples contained high populations of black-spored aspergillus section nigri species. to investigate whether these species may contribute to the total potential mycotoxin content of almonds, aspergillus section nigri strains were isolated from these samples and assayed for ochratoxin a (ota) and fumonisin b2 (fb2). the majority of isolates (117 strains, 68%) were identifi ...	2013	23575138
enhanced cellulase producing mutants developed from heterokaryotic aspergillus strain.	a heterokaryon 28, derived through protoplast fusion between aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus tubingensis (dal8), was subjected cyclic mutagenesis followed by selection on increasing levels of 2-deoxy glucose (2-dg) as selection marker. the derived deregulated cellulase hyper producing mutant '64', when compared to fusant 28, produced 9.83, 7.8, 3.2, 4.2 and 19.74 folds higher endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, fpase and xylanase, respectively, under shake cultures. the sequenc ...	2014	24491293
multi-resistant aspergillosis due to cryptic species.	reports of cryptic species causing aspergillosis in humans are increasing in the literature. cryptic species are defined as those which are morphologically indistinguishable, although their identifications can be confirmed using molecular or other techniques which continue to become more widely available in the clinical setting. antifungal resistance has often been noted in these cases, and indeed there does appear to be a higher prevalence of reduced susceptibility in cryptic species. many of t ...	2014	24969615
comparison of species composition and fumonisin production in aspergillus section nigri populations in maize kernels from usa and italy.	fumonisin contamination of maize is considered a serious problem in most maize-growing regions of the world, due to the widespread occurrence of these mycotoxins and their association with toxicosis in livestock and humans. fumonisins are produced primarily by species of fusarium that are common in maize grain, but also by some species of aspergillus sect. nigri, which can also occur on maize kernels as opportunistic pathogens. understanding the origin of fumonisin contamination in maize is a ke ...	2014	25087207
taxonomic re-evaluation of black koji molds.	black koji molds including its albino mutant, the white koji mold, have been widely used for making the distilled spirit shochu in northeast asia because they produce citric acid which prevents undesirable contamination from bacteria. since inui reported aspergillus luchuensis from black koji in okinawa in 1901, many fungal names associated with black koji molds were reported. however, some species are similar and differentiation between species is difficult. fungal taxonomists tried to arrange ...	2014	24281756
sensitivity of neurospora crassa to a marine-derived aspergillus tubingensis anhydride exhibiting antifungal activity that is mediated by the mas1 protein.	the fungus aspergillus tubingensis (strain oy907) was isolated from the mediterranean marine sponge ircinia variabilis. extracellular extracts produced by this strain were found to inhibit the growth of several fungi. among the secreted extract components, a novel anhydride metabolite, tubingenoic anhydride a (1) as well as the known 2-carboxymethyl-3-hexylmaleic acid anhydride, asperic acid, and campyrone a and c were purified and their structure elucidated. compound 1 and 2-carboxymethyl-3-hex ...	2014	25257783
mechanisms of interaction of chromium with aspergillus niger var tubingensis strain ed8.	experiments were conducted to determine the mechanisms of interaction with chromium of aspergillus niger var tubingensis strain ed8 in batch culture and in bioreactor experiments. results obtained in this work showed that the interaction of a. niger var tubingensis ed8 with cr(vi) is based mainly in a reduction process and also, secondly, in a sorption process. using electron microscopy techniques the ultrathin sections obtained from the mycelium biomass produced by the fungus in batch cultures ...	2014	24607453
conversion of fusaric acid to fusarinol by aspergillus tubingensis: a detoxification reaction.	the fungus fusarium oxysporum causes wilt diseases of plants and produces a potent phytotoxin fusaric acid (fa), which is also toxic to many microorganisms. an aspergillus tubingensis strain with high tolerance to fa was isolated from soil and designated as cdrat01. hplc analysis of culture filtrates from a. tubingensis isolate cdrat01 grown with the addition of fa indicated the formation of a metabolite over time that was associated with a decrease of fa. spectral analysis and chemical synthesi ...	2014	24352475
what causes canine sino-nasal aspergillosis? a molecular approach to species identification.	on the basis of phenotypic identification methods, aspergillus fumigatus is reported as the most commonly identified aetiological agent of canine sino-nasal aspergillosis (sna). however, definitive identification of aspergillus spp. using phenotypic features alone is unreliable. the aim of this study was to determine the molecular identities of fungal species causing sna in dogs. genomic dna was extracted from 91 fungal isolates from 90 dogs diagnosed with sna in australia, the usa and belgium, ...	2014	24559745
analyses of black aspergillus species of peanut and maize for ochratoxins and fumonisins.	the genus aspergillus section nigri, or the black aspergilli, represents genetically closely related species that produce the mycotoxins, ochratoxins and the fumonisins. fumonisin b1 (fb1) is of an added concern because it is also a virulence factor for maize. our preliminary data indicated that black aspergilli could develop asymptomatic infections with maize and peanuts plants. symptomless infections are potential problems, because under favorable conditions, there is a potential for accumulat ...	2014	24780336
ecophysiological characterization of aspergillus carbonarius, aspergillus tubingensis and aspergillus niger isolated from grapes in spanish vineyards.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of black aspergilli isolated from berries from different agroclimatic regions of spain. growth characterization (in terms of temperature and water activity requirements) of aspergillus carbonarius, aspergillus tubingensis and aspergillus niger was carried out on synthetic grape medium. a. tubingensis and a. niger showed higher maximum temperatures for growth (>45 °c versus 40-42 °c), and lower minimum aw requirements (0.83 aw versus 0.87 aw) th ...	2014	24412963
overexpression of aspergillus tubingensis faea in protease-deficient aspergillus niger enables ferulic acid production from plant material.	the production of ferulic acid esterase involved in the release of ferulic acid side groups from xylan was investigated in strains of aspergillus tubingensis, aspergillus carneus, aspergillus niger and rhizopus oryzae. the highest activity on triticale bran as sole carbon source was observed with the a. tubingensis t8.4 strain, which produced a type a ferulic acid esterase active against methyl p-coumarate, methyl ferulate and methyl sinapate. the activity of the a. tubingensis ferulic acid este ...	2014	24664515
fungal diversity in grape must and wine fermentation assessed by massive sequencing, quantitative pcr and dgge.	the diversity of fungi in grape must and during wine fermentation was investigated in this study by culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. carignan and grenache grapes were harvested from three vineyards in the priorat region (spain) in 2012, and nine samples were selected from the grape must after crushing and during wine fermentation. from culture-dependent techniques, 362 isolates were randomly selected and identified by 5.8s-its-rflp and 26s-d1/d2 sequencing. meanwhile, genomi ...	2015	26557110
biocontrol of tomato plant diseases caused by fusarium solani using a new isolated aspergillus tubingensis ctm 507 glucose oxidase.	the present study focuses on the potential of glucose oxidase (god) as a promising biocontrol agent for fungal plant pathogens. in fact, a new god producing fungus was isolated and identified as an aspergillus tubingensis. god (125 au) has been found to inhibit fusarium solani growth and spore production. indeed, god caused the reduction of spores, the formation of chlamydospores, the induction of mycelial cords and the vacuolization of mycelium. in vivo assays, god acted as a curative treatment ...	2015	26299190
purification, biochemical characterization and antifungal activity of a novel aspergillus tubingensis glucose oxidase steady on broad range of ph and temperatures.	this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antifungal efficiency of aspergillus tubingensis ctm 507 glucose oxidase (god) against plant pathogenic fungi. god displayed a wide inhibitory spectrum toward different fungi at a concentration of 20 au. the god had a strong inhibitor effect on mycelia growth and spore germination of pythium ultimum. interestingly, the god exhibited a potent in vivo antifungal effect against p. ultimum responsible for potato plants disease. the anti ...	2015	26280215
anti-tmv activity of malformin a1, a cyclic penta-peptide produced by an endophytic fungus aspergillus tubingensis fjbj11.	plant-associated microorganisms are known to produce a variety of metabolites with novel structures and interesting biological activities. an endophytic fungus fjbj11, isolated from the plant tissue of brucea javanica (l.) merr. (simaroubaceae), was proven to be significantly effective in producing metabolites with anti-tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) activities. the isolate was identified as aspergillus tubingensis fjbj11 based on morphological characteristics and its sequence. bioassay-guided isola ...	2015	25775156
kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of a halotolerant β-galactosidase produced by halotolerant aspergillus tubingensis gr1.	β-galactosidase from halotolerant aspergillus tubingensis gr1 was purified by two-step purification process comprising ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by size exclusion chromatography (sec). the recovery of β-galactosidase after sec was found to be 1.40% with 58.55-fold increase in specific activity. the molecular weight of β-galactosidase protein was found to be 93 kda by sds-page. activation energy for o-nitrophenol β-d-galactopyranoside (onpg) hydrolysis was 32.88 kj mol(-1), while te ...	2015	25656109
utilization of agro-industrial waste for β-galactosidase production under solid state fermentation using halotolerant aspergillus tubingensis gr1 isolate.	a halotolerant fungal isolate aspergillus tubingensis gr1 was isolated from the man-made solar saltern located at khambhat, gujarat, india, and identified using 28s rdna partial genome sequencing. this isolate was studied for β-galactosidase production under solid state fermentation using wheat bran and deproteinized acid cheese whey. the influence of various agro-industrial wastes, nitrogen source and other growth conditions on β-galactosidase production was investigated using 'one-factor-at-a- ...	2015	28324562
hplc-spe-nmr characterization of major metabolites in salvia fruticosa mill. extract with antifungal potential: relevance of carnosic acid, carnosol, and hispidulin.	plant pathogenic fungi are considered of significant economic importance for adversely affecting both quantitatively and qualitatively fresh and processed produce. extracts of salvia fruticosa were initially screened for their antifungal activity, and the ethyl acetate fraction, being the most active, was further analyzed using hplc-spe-nmr hyphenation. the methoxylated flavones hispidulin, salvigenin, and cirsimaritin and the diterpenes carnosic acid, carnosol, and 12-methoxycarnosic acid were ...	2015	25537192
diversity of black aspergilli isolated from raisins in argentina: polyphasic approach to species identification and development of scar markers for aspergillus ibericus.	aspergillus section nigri is a heterogeneous fungal group including some ochratoxin a producer species that usually contaminate raisins. the section contains the series carbonaria which includes the toxigenic species aspergillus carbonarius and nontoxigenic aspergillus ibericus that are phenotypically undistinguishable. the aim of this study was to examine the diversity of black aspergilli isolated from raisins and to develop a specific genetic marker to distinguish a. ibericus from a. carbonari ...	2015	26114593
effect of water activity, temperature, and mixed fungal spore interactions on ochratoxin a production by aspergillus carbonarius.	the purpose of this work was to investigate the potential of two nontoxigenic aspergillus section nigri species (aspergillus tubingensis and aspergillus japonicus) to influence the in vitro ochratoxin a (ota) production of three toxigenic aspergillus carbonarius isolates (ac-28, ac-29, and ac-33) from greek vineyards of different geographical areas. ota accumulation was evaluated by inoculation of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 ratios of mixed spore suspensions on a synthetic grape juice ...	2015	25710154
detection and discrimination of four aspergillus section nigri species by pcr.	species of aspergillus section nigri are not easily distinguished by traditional morphological techniques, and typically are identified by dna sequencing methods. we developed four pcr primers to distinguish between aspergillus niger, aspergillus welwitschiae, aspergillus carbonarius and aspergillus tubingensis, based on species-conserved differences in the calmodulin gene sequence. pcr amplification from total dna using these primers was species specific; no amplification occurred from nontarge ...	2015	25384730
biodegradation of hdpe by aspergillus spp. from marine ecosystem of gulf of mannar, india.	high density polyethylene (hdpe) is the most commonly found non-degradable solid waste among the polyethylene. in this present study, hdpe degrading various fungal strains were isolated from the polyethylene waste dumped marine coastal area and screened under in vitro condition. based on weight loss and ft-ir spectrophotometric analysis, two fungal strains designated as vrkpt1 and vrkpt2 were found to be efficient in hdpe degradation. through the sequence analysis of its region homology, the iso ...	2015	26006776
characterization of the bioactive metabolites from a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their exploitation as antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting agents.	a plant growth-promoting bacterial strain, pm 105, isolated from a tea plantation soil from the north eastern region of india was identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa through classical and 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) gene sequencing. further studies with this strain confirmed broad spectrum antifungal activity against ten human and plant pathogenic fungal pathogens viz. aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus tubingensis, candida albicans, colletotrichum gloeospori ...	2015	25832181
fungal isolates from a pu-erh type tea fermentation and their ability to convert tea polyphenols to theabrownins.	the natural microbiota involved in the fermentation influence the quality and taste of fully postfermented teas such as china's pu-erh tea. ten microbial isolates representing 6 species were recovered from a solid-state fermentation of a pu-erh type tea. the isolates were aspergillus tubingensis, aspergillus marvanovae, rhizomucor pusillus, rhizomucor tauricus, aspergillus fumigatus, and candida mogii. with the exception of a. marvanovae and c. mogii, all these microorganisms have been previousl ...	2015	25799937
triazole susceptibilities in thermotolerant fungal isolates from outdoor air in the seoul capital area in south korea.	emerging fungi resistant to triazoles are a concern because of the increased use of medical triazoles and exposure to agricultural triazoles. however, little is known about the levels of triazole susceptibility in outdoor airborne fungi making it difficult to assess the risks of inhalation exposure to airborne, antifungal-resistant fungi. this study examined triazole susceptibilities of the airborne thermotolerant fungi isolated from the ambient air of the seoul capital area of south korea. we u ...	2015	26405807