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enzymatic synthesis of 2-aminoethyl β-d-galactopyranoside catalyzed by aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase.glycosidases provide a powerful resource for in vitro synthesis of novel anomerically pure glycosides. generation of new low molecular weight galactosides is of interest since they are potential galectin inhibitors. galectins are molecular targets for cancer therapy and thus their inhibitors are potential antitumor agents. here we report the enzymatic synthesis and structural characterization of 2-aminoethyl β-d-galactopyranoside. critical parameters for transgalactosylation using either soluble ...201223357285
a straightforward access to tmg-chitooligomycins and their evaluation as β-n-acetylhexosaminidase inhibitors.a chemo-biotechnological approach is reported for the synthesis of tmg-chitooligomycins, co-n (nme(3)). their abilities to inhibit β-n-acetylhexosaminidases (hexnacases), from aspergillus oryzae (aohex, fungi), canavalia ensiformis (cehex, plant) hexnacases and a chitobiase from serratia marcescens (smchb, bacteria) were studied and compared with their precursors co-n (n). co-n (nme(3)) were revealed as potent inhibitors for aohex and smchb with a proved chain length effect while co-n (n) was a ...201223333949
identification of csypyrone b2 and b3 as the minor products of aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csyb.since our first report on the identification of the fungal type iii polyketide synthase (pks) genes csya~d in aspergillus oryzae rib40, type iii pks homologues have also been found in other fungal species. we previously reported the isolation and structural determination of csypyrone b1 as the main product of csyb when inductively expressed in aspergillus oryzae. herein we report the isolation and identification of the two minor products of the csyb transformant in addition to csypyrone b1 as 4- ...201223290452
lethal and mutagenic effects of ion beams and γ-rays in aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae is a fungus that is used widely in traditional japanese fermentation industries. in this study, the lethal and mutagenic effects of different linear energy transfer (let) radiation in freeze-dried conidia of a. oryzae were investigated. the lethal effect, which was evaluated by a 90% lethal dose, was dependent on the let value of the ionizing radiation. the most lethal ionizing radiation among that tested was (12)c(5+) ion beams with an let of 121kev/μm. the (12)c(5+) ion beam ...201223280012
in vitro antifungal activity of dehydrozingerone and its fungitoxic properties.the efficacy of dehydrozingerone (dz; dehydroderivative of zingerone) as an antifungal agent and its mode of action against food spoilage fungal pathogens was studied and presented. dz is a constituent of ginger (zingiber officinale rhizomes) and structural half analogue of curcumin. its efficacy against aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus ochraceus, fusarium oxysporum and penicillium chrysogenum was evaluated. effect of dz on the growth and sporulation of a. o ...201223278709
assessing the genome-wide effect of promoter region tandem repeat natural variation on gene expression.copy number polymorphisms of nucleotide tandem repeat (tr) regions, such as microsatellites and minisatellites, are mutationally reversible and highly abundant in eukaryotic genomes. studies linking tr polymorphism to phenotypic variation have led some to suggest that tr variation modulates and majorly contributes to phenotypic variation; however, studies in which the authors assess the genome-wide impact of tr variation on phenotype are lacking. to address this question, we quantified relations ...201223275886
an integrative process model of enzymatic biodiesel production through ethanol fermentation of brown rice followed by lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis in a water-containing system.we attempted to integrate lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis into fermentative bioethanol production. to produce bioethanol, ethanol fermentation from brown rice was conducted using a tetraploid saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing α-amylase and glucoamylase. the resultant ethanol was distilled and separated into three fractions with different concentrations of water and fusel alcohols. in ethanolysis using the first fraction with 89.3% ethanol, a recombinant aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst e ...201223273281
the hydrolysis of agro-industrial residues by holocellulose-degrading enzymes.holocellulose structures from agro-industrial residues rely on main and side chain attacking enzymes with different specificities for complete hydrolysis. combinations of crude enzymatic extracts from different fungal species, including aspergillus terreus, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma longibrachiatum, were applied to sugar cane bagasse, banana stem and dirty cotton residue to investigate the hydrolysis of holocellulose structures. a. terreus and a. oryzae were the best ...201224031857
bismuth-inhibitory effects on bacteria and stimulation of fungal growth in vitro.bismuth salicylate was found to inhibit the growth of a range of bacteria and yeast, "candida albicans". in general the growth of bacteria did not result in increase in bismuth solubilisation, in contrast, bismuth solubilisation increased following the growth of c. albicans. a significant increase in the biomass (dry weight) of aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae occurred in vitro when these fungi were grown in the presence of bismuth salicylate. biomass increase occurred over a range of bi ...201223961173
functional analysis of fara transcription factor in the regulation of the genes encoding lipolytic enzymes and hydrophobic surface binding protein for the degradation of biodegradable plastics in aspergillus oryzae.fara is a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcription factor which upregulates genes required for growth on fatty acids in filamentous fungi like aspergillus nidulans. fara is also highly similar to the cutinase transcription factor ctf1α of fusarium solani which binds to the cutinase gene promoter in this plant pathogen. this study determines whether fara transcriptional factor also works in the regulation of genes responsible for the production of cutinase for the degradation of a biodegradable plastic, pol ...201222280964
cloning and characterization of a gene coding for a major extracellular chitosanase from the koji mold aspergillus oryzae.a gene coding for a major extracellular chitosanase was isolated from aspergillus oryzae iam2660. it had a multi-domain structure composed of a signal peptide, a catalytic domain, thr- and pro-rich linkers, and repeated peptides (the r3 domain) from the n-terminus. the r3 domain bound to insoluble powder chitosan, but it did not promote the hydrolysis rate of the chitosanase to any extent.201222232262
Alternative routes of acetyl-CoA synthesis identified by comparative genomic analysis: involvement in the lipid production of oleaginous yeast and fungi.For a bio-based economy, microbial lipids offer a potential solution as alternative feedstocks in the oleochemical industry. The existing genome data for the promising strains, oleaginous yeasts and fungi, allowed us to investigate candidate orthologous sequences that participate in their oleaginicity. Comparative genome analysis of the non-oleaginous (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans and Ashbya gossypii) and oleaginous strains (Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus oryzae ...201222016567
evaluation of multiplexed pcr and liquid-phase array for identification of respiratory fungal pathogens.invasive fungal infections are the cause of serious morbidity and high mortality in immunocompromised patients. early laboratory diagnostic options remain limited; however, rapid detection and accurate identification may improve outcome. herein, multiplexed pcr followed by liquid-phase array was evaluated for detection and identification of common respiratory fungal pathogens, including aspergillus fumigatus, rhizopus microsporus, scedosporium apiospermum and fusarium solani. the limit of detect ...201222435876
gliotoxin effects on fungal growth: mechanisms and exploitation.although initially investigated for its antifungal properties, little is actually known about the effect of gliotoxin on aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi. we have observed that exposure of a. fumigatus to exogenous gliotoxin (14 μg/ml), under gliotoxin-limited growth conditions, results in significant alteration of the expression of 27 proteins (up- and down-regulated >1.9-fold; p<0.05) including de novo expression of cu, zn superoxide dismutase, up-regulated allergen asp f3 expression and ...201222405895
comparative genome analysis between aspergillus oryzae strains reveals close relationship between sites of mutation localization and regions of highly divergent genes among aspergillus species.aspergillus oryzae has been utilized for over 1000 years in japan for the production of various traditional foods, and a large number of a. oryzae strains have been isolated and/or selected for the effective fermentation of food ingredients. characteristics of genetic alterations among the strains used are of particular interest in studies of a. oryzae. here, we have sequenced the whole genome of an industrial fungal isolate, a. oryzae rib326, by using a next-generation sequencing system and com ...201222912434
a comparative study of hydrolysis and transglycosylation activities of fungal β-glucosidases.β-glucosidases (bgs) from aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, magnaporthe grisea, neurospora crassa, and penicillium brasilianum were purified to homogeneity, and investigated for their (simultaneous) hydrolytic and transglycosylation activity in samples with high concentrations of either cellobiose or glucose. the rate of the hydrolytic process (which converts one cellobiose to two glucose molecules) shows a maximum around 10-15 mm cellobiose and decreases with further ...201322311644
investigation of malic acid production in aspergillus oryzae under nitrogen starvation conditions.malic acid has great potential for replacing petrochemical building blocks in the future. for this application, high yields, rates, and titers are essential in order to sustain a viable biotechnological production process. natural high-capacity malic acid producers like the malic acid producer aspergillus flavus have so far been disqualified because of special growth requirements or the production of mycotoxins. as a. oryzae is a very close relative or even an ecotype of a. flavus, it is likely ...201323892740
antifungal effect of allium tuberosum, cinnamomum cassia, and pogostemon cablin essential oils and their components against population of aspergillus species.antifungal activity of allium tuberosum (at), cinnamomum cassia (cc), and pogostemon cablin (patchouli, p) essential oils against aspergillus flavus strains 3.2758 and 3.4408 and aspergillus oryzae was tested at 2 water activity levels (aw : 0.95 and 0.98). main components of tested essential oils were: allyl trisulfide 40.05% (at), cinnamaldehyde 87.23% (cc), and patchouli alcohol 44.52% (p). the minimal inhibitory concentration of the plant essential oils against a. flavus strains 3.2758 and 3 ...201323647469
isolation and characterization of a proteinaceous antifungal compound from lactobacillus plantarum yml007 and its application as a food preservative.korean kimchi is known for its myriad of lactic acid bacteria (lab) with diverse bioactive compounds. this study was undertaken to isolate an efficient antifungal lab strain among the isolated kimchi labs. one thousand and four hundred labs isolated from different kimchi samples were initially screened against aspergillus niger. the strain exhibiting the highest antifungal activity was identified as lactobacillus plantarum yml007 by 16s rrna sequencing and biochemical assays using api 50 chl kit ...201323565693
synthesis of novel 2-amino-4-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3'-yl)-6-aryl-4h-pyran-3-carbonitrile derivatives as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.as a part of systematic investigation of synthesis and biological activities of indole analogues linked to various heterocyclic systems, we have synthesized new compounds viz., 2-amino-4-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3'-yl)-6-aryl-4h-pyran-3-carbonitriles (2a-i), 4,5-diamino-6-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3'-yl)-8-aryl-2-oxo-2,6-dihydrodipyrano [2,3-b:3,2-e]pyridine-3-carbonitriles (3a-i), 4-amino-5-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3-yl)-7-aryl-1h-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(5h)-ones ( ...201323454016
effect of heavy atoms on the thermal stability of α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae.currently, there are no versatile and established methods for improving stability of proteins. in an entirely different approach from conventional techniques such as mutagenesis, we attempted to enhance enzyme stability of α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae using a heavy-atom derivatization technique. we evaluated changes in stability using differential scanning calorimetry (dsc). candidate heavy atoms were identified using the heavy-atom database system hatodas, a web-based tool designed to assi ...201323451229
separation and characterization of the immunostimulatory components in unpolished rice black vinegar (kurozu).unpolished rice black vinegar (kurozu), a traditional japanese vinegar, is considered to have beneficial health effects. kurozu is produced via a static fermentation process involving the saccharification of rice by aspergillus oryzae, alcohol fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid by acetic acid bacteria such as acetobacter pasteurianus. since this process requires about 6 months' fermentation and then over a year of aging, most of these organisms ...201323810669
food waste as nutrient source in heterotrophic microalgae cultivation.glucose, free amino nitrogen (fan), and phosphate were recovered from food waste by fungal hydrolysis using aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae. using 100g food waste (dry weight), 31.9 g glucose, 0.28 g fan, and 0.38 g phosphate were recovered after 24h of hydrolysis. the pure hydrolysate has then been used as culture medium and nutrient source for the two heterotrophic microalgae schizochytrium mangrovei and chlorella pyrenoidosa, s. mangrovei and c. pyrenoidosa grew well on the complex ...201323587816
identification of ophiobolin f synthase by a genome mining approach: a sesterterpene synthase from aspergillus clavatus.during a screening of putative diterpene synthase genes found in public databases using the aspergillus oryzae expression system, it was found that a single transformant with the acla_76850 gene from a. clavatus produced a sesterterpene alcohol, ophiobolin f, and three minor sesterterpene hydrocarbons. the sesterterpene synthase has two catalytically independent domains (prenyltransferase/terpene cyclase) which are homologous to those of diterpene synthase, fusicoccadiene synthase. coevolution o ...201323324037
development of a pyrg mutant of aspergillus oryzae strain s1 as a host for the production of heterologous proteins.the ease with which auxotrophic strains and genes that complement them can be manipulated, as well as the stability of auxotrophic selection systems, are amongst the advantages of using auxotrophic markers to produce heterologous proteins. most auxotrophic markers in aspergillus oryzae originate from chemical or physical mutagenesis that may yield undesirable mutations along with the mutation of interest. an auxotrophic a. oryzae strain s1 was generated by deleting the orotidine-5'-monophosphate ...201324381522
deletion of creb in aspergillus oryzae increases secreted hydrolytic enzyme activity.aspergillus oryzae has been used in the food and beverage industry for centuries, and industrial strains have been produced by multiple rounds of selection. targeted gene deletion technology is particularly useful for strain improvement in such strains, particularly when they do not have a well-characterized meiotic cycle. phenotypes of an aspergillus nidulans strain null for the creb deubiquitinating enzyme include effects on growth and repression, including increased activity levels of various ...201323835170
base composition and nucleosome density in exonic and intronic regions in genes of the filamentous ascomycetes aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus oryzae.we sequenced nucleosomal dna fragments of the filamentous ascomycetes aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus oryzae and then mapped those sequences on their genomes. we compared the gc content and nucleosome density in the exonic and intronic regions in the genes of a. nidulans and a. oryzae. although the gc content and nucleosome density in the exonic regions tended to be higher than those in the intronic regions, the difference in the distribution of the gc content was more notable than that of ...201323664982
[influence of fungal elicitor and macroporous resin on shikonin accumulation in hairy roots of arnebia euchroma (royle) johnst].in order to investigate the effects of fungal elicitor and macroporous adsorption resin on shikonin accumulation in hairy roots of arnebia euchroma (royle) johnst, we used spectrophotometry to determine the total naphthoquinone content of the hairy roots, by adding different volume ratio of aspergillus niger elicitor, aspergillus oryzae elicitor, and the macroporous resin into the m-9 liquid medium at different culture time. the results show that the total naphthoquinone content was 2.28 times h ...201323697166
occurrence of toxigenic aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins in selected food commodities of asian origin sourced in the west of scotland.the occurrence of aspergillus moulds and aflatoxins in 12 commercially-available dried foods of asian origin were examined. all food samples, except green beans and three types of dried fruit, contained multiple genera of moulds of which aspergillus (55%) was the most frequently detected. penicillium (15%), rhizopus (11%), mucor (3%), monascus (1%), eurotium (1%) and unidentified (14%) were also observed. the occurrence of aflatoxigenic moulds, however, did not correspond with the occurrence of ...201323416649
high production of llama variable heavy-chain antibody fragment (vhh) fused to various reader proteins by aspergillus oryzae.llama variable heavy-chain antibody fragment (vhh) fused to four different reader proteins was produced and secreted in culture medium by aspergillus oryzae. these fusion proteins consisted of n-terminal reader proteins, vhh, and a c-terminal his-tag sequence which facilitated purification using one-step his-tag affinity chromatography. sds-page analysis of the deglycosylated purified fusion proteins confirmed that the molecular weight of each corresponded to the expected sum of vhh and the resp ...201322752366
identification of antifungal niphimycin from streptomyces sp. kp6107 by screening based on adenylate kinase assay.microbial culture extracts are used for natural product screening to find antifungal lead compounds. a microbial culture extract library was constructed using 343 actinomycete isolates to examine the value of the adenylate kinase (ak) assay for screening to identify antifungal metabolites that disrupt cell integrity in plant pathogenic fungi. a culture extract of streptomyces sp. strain kp6107 lysed cells of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici which resulted in high ak activity. the active ingr ...201322915202
endophytes from an australian native plant are a promising source of industrially useful enzymes.endophytes are microorganisms that live within plant tissues that are potential sources of novel bioactive compounds, including enzymes. we have identified endophytes of the australian native plant eremophilia longifolia which were screened for the production of industrially useful enzymes. seventeen fungal endophytes were isolated from the leaves of e. longifolia and enzyme production was investigated within a range of ph (3.5, 5.5, 7 and 9) and temperatures (9, 25, 37 and 50 °c). amylase was t ...201323054705
activation mechanism of melb tyrosinase from aspergillus oryzae by acidic treatment.the pro form of recombinant tyrosinase from aspergillus oryzae (melb) shows no catalytic activity, but acid treatment (around ph 3.5) of protyrosinase activates it to induce tyrosinase activity. circular dichroism spectra, gel filtration analysis, and colorimetric assay have indicated that acid treatment around ph 3.5 induced the disruption of the conformation of the c-terminal domain covering the enzyme active site. these structural changes induced by the acid treatment may open the entrance to ...201323053534
characterization of a novel lipolytic enzyme from aspergillus oryzae.in this study, we report the characterization of a protein from aspergillus oryzae, exhibiting sequence identity with paraben esterase from the genus aspergillus. the coding region of 1,586 bp, including a 77-bp intron, encoded a protein of 502 amino acids. the gene without the signal peptide of 19 amino acids was cloned into a vector, ppiczαc, and expressed successfully in pichia pastoris as an active extracellular protein. the purified recombinant protein had ph and temperature optima of 7.0-8 ...201323001008
engineering hyperthermostability into a mesophilic family 11 xylanase from aspergillus oryzae by in silico design of n-terminus substitution.a mesophilic xylanase from aspergillus oryzae cicc40186 (abbreviated to aoxyn11a) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 11. the thermostability of aoxyn11a was significantly improved by substituting its n-terminus with the corresponding region of a hyperthermostable family 11 xylanase, evxyn11(ts) . the suitable n-terminus of aoxyn11a to be replaced was selected by the comparison of b-factors between aoxyn11a and evxyn11(ts) , which were generated and calculated after a 15 ns molecular dynamic ( ...201323097144
a robust whole-cell biocatalyst that introduces a thermo- and solvent-tolerant lipase into aspergillus oryzae cells: characterization and application to enzymatic biodiesel production.to develop a robust whole-cell biocatalyst that works well at moderately high temperature (40-50°c) with organic solvents, a thermostable lipase from geobacillus thermocatenulatus (btl2) was introduced into an aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst. the lipase-hydrolytic activity of the immobilized a. oryzae (r-btl) was highest at 50°c and was maintained even after an incubation of 24-h at 60°c. in addition, r-btl was highly tolerant to 30% (v/v) organic solvents (dimethyl carbonate, ethanol, ...201323608501
microbial lipid production from potato processing wastewater using oleaginous filamentous fungi aspergillus oryzae.use of potato processing wastewater for microbial lipid production by oleaginous filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae was studied with the purpose of recycling potato processing wastewater for biodiesel production. the wastewater contained high concentrations of solids, starch and nutrients. sterilization of the potato processing wastewater resulted in a thick gelatinized medium, causing the fungi to grow slow. in order to overcome this problem, the wastewater was diluted with tap water at thre ...201323597680
functional analysis of abp1p-interacting proteins involved in endocytosis of the mcc component in aspergillus oryzae.we have investigated the functions of three endocytosis-related proteins in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. yeast two-hybrid screening using the endocytic marker protein aoabp1 (a.oryzae homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae abp1p) as a bait identified four interacting proteins named aip (aoabp1 interacting proteins). in mature hyphae, egfp (enhanced green fluorescent protein) fused to aips colocalized with aoabp1 at the hyphal tip region and the plasma membrane, suggesting that aips fu ...201323597630
fungus-specific sirtuin hstd coordinates secondary metabolism and development through control of laea.the sirtuins are members of the nad(+)-dependent histone deacetylase family that contribute to various cellular functions that affect aging, disease, and cancer development in metazoans. however, the physiological roles of the fungus-specific sirtuin family are still poorly understood. here, we determined a novel function of the fungus-specific sirtuin hstd/aspergillus oryzae hst4 (aohst4), which is a homolog of hst4 in a. oryzae yeast. the deletion of all histone deacetylases in a. oryzae demon ...201323729383
rapid enzyme production and mycelial growth in solid-state fermentation using the non-airflow box.solid-state fermentation (ssf) has become an attractive alternative to submerged fermentation (smf) for the production of enzymes, organic acids, and secondary metabolites, while there are many problems during the culture of ssf. we recently created a ssf system using a non-airflow box (nab) in order to resolve the problems, which enabled the uniform culture in the whole substrate and high yield of many enzymes. in this paper, further characterization of ssf using the nab was carried out to obta ...201323727349
a compendium of causative agents of occupational asthma.the objective is to provide an evidence-based compendium of allergenic and irritant agents that are known to cause occupational asthma in order to improve diagnostics and disease management.201323706060
molecular markers for barrett's esophagus and its progression to cancer.there is a clinical need for biomarkers that can improve diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification of esophageal lesions. here we review the current literature and highlight the most important, recent advancements in biomarkers as a supplement to histopathology for management of patients with barrett's esophagus.201323689523
the crystal structure of acidic β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae.the crystal structure of the industrially important aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase has been determined at 2.60 å resolution. the ao-β-gal is a large (985 residues) monomeric multi-domain enzyme that has a catalytic (α/β)8-barrel domain. an electron density map revealed extensive n-glycosylation between the domain interfaces suggesting that the oligosaccharide-chains would have a stabilizing role for the structure of ao-β-gal. comparison of structure with other β-galactosidase structures of g ...201323688418
comparative genomic analysis of aspergillus oryzae strains 3.042 and rib40 for soy sauce fermentation.the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae 3.042 (chinese strain) is a close relative of a. oryzae rib40 (japanese strain), which is the important agent used for soy sauce fermentation. the genome of a. oryzae 3.042 was sequenced and compared with a. oryzae rib40 in an attempt to understand why different soy sauce flavors are produced by these strains. the a. oryzae 3.042 chromosome is 36,547,279bp and contains 11,399 protein-encoding genes. mummer analysis revealed that the genomes of a. oryzae ...201323673060
gamma radiation mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using fermented soybean-garlic aqueous extract and their antimicrobial activity.aspergillus oryzae was used to enhance the mobilization of antioxidants of soybean matrix along with garlic as a co-substrate by modulating polyphenolic substances during solid-state fermentation. mobilized polyphenols were used as a green tool for synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles (aunps). the radiation-induced aunps synthesis is a simple, clean and inexpensive process which involves radiolysis of aqueous solution that provides an efficient method to reduce metal ions. gamma irr ...201323667801
fine de novo sequencing of a fungal genome using only solid short read data: verification on aspergillus oryzae rib40.the development of next-generation sequencing (ngs) technologies has dramatically increased the throughput, speed, and efficiency of genome sequencing. the short read data generated from ngs platforms, such as solid and illumina, are quite useful for mapping analysis. however, the solid read data with lengths of <60 bp have been considered to be too short for de novo genome sequencing. here, to investigate whether de novo sequencing of fungal genomes is possible using only solid short read seque ...201323667655
enhanced production of bovine chymosin by autophagy deficiency in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae has been utilized as a host for heterologous protein production because of its high protein secretory capacity and food-safety properties. however, a. oryzae often produces lower-than-expected yields of target heterologous proteins due to various underlying mechanisms, including degradation processes such as autophagy, which may be a significant bottleneck for protein production. in the present study, we examined the production of heterologous protein in several autophagy (aoa ...201323658635
improved production of protease-resistant phytase by aspergillus oryzae and its applicability in the hydrolysis of insoluble phytates.among three hundred isolates of filamentous fungi, aspergillus oryzae sbs50 secreted higher phytase activity at ph 5.0, 35 °c and 200 rpm after 96 h of fermentation. starch and beef extract supported the highest phytase production than other carbon and nitrogen sources. a nine-fold improvement in phytase production was achieved due to optimization. supplementation of the medium with inorganic phosphate repressed the enzyme synthesis. among surfactants tested, tween 80 increased fungal growth and ...201323652971
increased production of fatty acids and triglycerides in aspergillus oryzae by enhancing expressions of fatty acid synthesis-related genes.microbial production of fats and oils is being developed as a means of converting biomass to biofuels. here we investigate enhancing expression of enzymes involved in the production of fatty acids and triglycerides as a means to increase production of these compounds in aspergillus oryzae. examination of the a. oryzae genome demonstrates that it contains two fatty acid synthases and several other genes that are predicted to be part of this biosynthetic pathway. we enhanced the expression of fatt ...201322733113
deglycosylation of isoflavones in isoflavone-rich soy germ flour by aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247.aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247 was selected as an efficient daidzein-producing fungus from strains of the genus aspergillus by using 5% (w/v) soy germ flour (sgf) as an isoflavone-glycoside-rich medium. the culture conditions, including sgf concentration, agitation speed, initial ph, temperature, and time, were optimized as follows: 7% (w/v) sgf, initial ph 6.0, 33 °c, 300 rpm, and 24 h in a 100 ml baffled flask. the determined amount of isoflavone aglycons in sgf using 50% ethyl acetate was the ...201324266868
enzymatic synthesis of novel oligosaccharides from n-acetylsucrosamine using β-fructofuranosidase from aspergillus oryzae.mycelia of aspergillus oryzae nbrc100959 contain 2 types of β-fructofuranosidases, transfructosylation-catalyzing enzyme (βffasei), and hydrolysis-catalyzing enzyme (βffaseii). using βffasei extracted from the mycelia of strain nbrc100959, two novel oligosaccharides consisting of glcnac and fructose, β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2↔1)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranoside (n-acetyl-1-kestosamine, 1-kesnac) and β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-β-d-fructofuran ...201324246554
production of biodiesel from plant oil hydrolysates using an aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst highly expressing candida antarctica lipase b.for enzymatic biodiesel production from plant oil hydrolysates, an aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst that expresses candida antarctica lipase b (r-calb) with high esterification activity was developed. each of soybean and palm oils was hydrolyzed using candida rugosa lipase, and the resultant hydrolysates were subjected to esterification where immobilized r-calb was used as a catalyst. in esterification, r-calb afforded a methyl ester content of more than 90% after 6 h with the addition ...201322850174
protective effects of the fermented laminaria japonica extract on oxidative damage in llc-pk1 cells.this study investigated the protective effect of the butanol (buoh) fraction from fermented laminaria japonica extract (bflj) on aaph-induced oxidative stress in porcine kidney epithelial cells (llc-pk1 cells). l. japonica was fermented by aspergillus oryzae at 35±1°c for 72 h. freeze-dried fermented l. japonica was extracted with distilled water, and the extracted solution was mixed with ethanol and then centrifuged. the supernatant was subjected to sequential fractionation with various solvent ...201324551823
cloning and expression of a family 10 xylanase gene (aoxyn10) from aspergillus oryzae in pichia pastoris.a full-length cdna sequence of aoxyn10, a gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 10 xylanase from aspergillus oryzae, was amplified from the total rna by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends. the cdna sequence is 1,689 bp, containing 5', 3' untranslated regions and a 1,422 bp open reading frame (orf) that encodes a 21-aa signal peptide and a 452-aa mature peptide (designated aoxyn10). multi-alignment revealed that aoxyn10 contains two regions: a catalytic domain (cd) and a family ...201324492599
modes of inhibition of α -amylase and α -glucosidase by aqueous extract of morinda lucida benth leaf.diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. the management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. this may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and α-glucosidase inhibitors. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of morinda lucida leaf extracts on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. this was performed using α-amylase from aspergillus or ...201324455701
canola cake as a potential substrate for proteolytic enzymes production by a selected strain of aspergillus oryzae: selection of process conditions and product characterization.oil cakes have excellent nutritional value and offer considerable potential for use in biotechnological processes that employ solid-state fermentation (ssf) for the production of high value products. this work evaluates the feasibility of using canola cake as a substrate for protease production by a selected strain of aspergillus oryzae cultivated under ssf. the influences of the following process parameters were considered: initial substrate moisture content, incubation temperature, inoculum si ...201324455400
hydrolysis of green tea residue protein using proteolytic enzyme derived from aspergillus oryzae.free amino acids are important chemical components which impact the taste of green tea infusion. the hydrolysis of water-insoluble protein in the green tea residue helps to increase the contents of free amino acids components except theanine. studies indicate that the hydrolysis of the tea protein could be restricted due to interaction of polyphenols with protein. the experiment indicates that the hydrolysis of tea protein by protease is the main trend when the polyphenols concentration is lower ...201324425904
a comparative study of extraction techniques for maximum recovery of glutamate decarboxylase (gad) from aspergillus oryzae nsk.γ-amino butyric acid (gaba) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the mammalian central nervous system that plays a vital role in regulating vital neurological functions. the enzyme responsible for producing gaba is glutamate decarboxylase (gad), an intracellular enzyme that both food and pharmaceutical industries are currently using as the major catalyst in trial biotransformation process of gaba. we have successfully isolated a novel strain of aspergillus oryzae nsk that possesses a relati ...201324321181
the henry reaction in [bmim][pf₆]-based microemulsions promoted by acylase.an environmentally-friendly, enzyme-promoted procedure for the henry reaction was first studied using water-in-[bmim][pf6] microemulsions as reaction medium. the amano acylase from aspergillus oryzae showed better catalytic activity for the addition reactions of nitromethane with a series of aromatic aldehydes, and a highest yield of 90% was obtained.201324284489
molecular identification of isolated fungi from stored apples in riyadh, saudi arabia.fungi causes most plant disease. when fruits are stored at suboptimal conditions, fungi grows, and some produce mycotoxin which can be dangerous for human consumption. studies have shown that the penicillium and monilinia species commonly cause spoilage of fruits, especially apples. several other genera and species were reported to grow to spoil fruits. this study was conducted to isolate and identify fruit spoilage by fungi on apples collected in riyadh, saudi arabia and conduct a molecular ide ...201324235866
production and characterization of a new α-glucosidase inhibitory peptide from aspergillus oryzae n159-1.an α-glucosidase inhibitor was developed from aspergillus oryzae n159-1, which was screened from traditional fermented korean foods. the intracellular concentration of the inhibitor reached its highest level when the fungus was cultured in tryptic soy broth medium at 27℃ for five days. the inhibitor was purified using a series of purification steps involving ultrafiltration, sephadex g-25 gel permeation chromatography, strong cation exchange solid phase extraction, reverse-phase high performance ...201324198670
identification of pyroglutamyl peptides in japanese rice wine (sake): presence of hepatoprotective pyroglu-leu.japanese rice wine, sake, is made from steamed rice, water, and lactic acid by "multiple parallel fermentation" with mold (aspergillus oryzae) and yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). nineteen pyroglutamyl peptides were identified in commercially available sake. among them, pyroglu-leu and pyroglu-gln were the major constituents. pyroglu-leu has been demonstrated to attenuate hepatitis and colitis in animal models. commercial products (n = 5) contained pyroglu-leu at concentrations ranging from 40 ...201324175632
glycosylation analysis of recombinant neutral protease i from aspergillus oryzae expressed in pichia pastoris.neutral protease i from aspergillus oryzae 3.042 was expressed in pichia pastoris and its n-glycosylation properties were analyzed. after purification by nickel-affinity chromatography column, the recombinant neutral protease (rnpi) was confirmed to be n-glycosylated by periodicacid/schiff's base staining and endo h digestion. moreover, the deglycosylated protein's molecular weight decreased to 43.3 kda from 54.5 kda analyzed by sds-page and maldi-tof-ms, and the hyperglycosylation extent was 21 ...201324078118
effect of the combined physical and chemical treatments with microbial fermentation on corn straw degradation.in order to improve corn straw degradation, steam explosion, sodium hydroxide soaking and aspergillus oryzae fermentation were used. the optimal sodium hydroxide pretreatment condition for lignin degradation was obtained. the degradation rates of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were 54.68%, 17.76% and 33.14% for the exploded straw (p<0.05); 67.92%, 2.44% (p>0.05) and 76.54% for the alkali-treated straw (p<0.05); 75.98%, 39.93% and 77.88% for the exploded and alkali-treated straw (p<0.05), re ...201324063818
the crystal structure of an extracellular catechol oxidase from the ascomycete fungus aspergillus oryzae.catechol oxidases (ec 1.10.3.1) catalyse the oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones. these oxidases contain two copper ions (cua and cub) within the so-called coupled type 3 copper site as found in tyrosinases (ec 1.14.18.1) and haemocyanins. the crystal structures of a limited number of bacterial and fungal tyrosinases and plant catechol oxidases have been solved. in this study, we present the first crystal structure of a fungal catechol oxidase from aspergillus oryzae (aoco ...201324043469
effects of food lectins on the transport system of human intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers.the effects of 16 lectins isolated from foodstuff on the transport system across human intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers were investigated by using four fluorescent markers: lucifer yellow (ly) for the paracellular pathway, fluorescein (fl) for the monocarboxylic acid transporter-mediated pathway, rhodamine 123 for the p-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pathway, and calcein for the multidrug resistance associated protein-related efflux pathway. the transepithelial electrical resistance (ter) values ...201324018688
aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csyb uses a fatty acyl starter for the biosynthesis of csypyrone b compounds.csypyrones b1, b2 and b3 are α-pyrones that can be obtained from aspergillus oryzae expressing csyb, which is a type iii polyketide synthase. we investigated the biosynthesis of the csypyrone b compounds using [1-(13)c] and [2-(13)c] acetate feeding experiments. (13)c nmr analyses of the methyl esters of the csypyrone b compounds fed with the (13)c-labeled acetates showed that the carboxyl carbons of the csypyrone b side-chains were derived from the c-2 methyl carbon of the acetate. these result ...201324011646
microbial floral dynamics of chinese traditional soybean paste (doujiang) and commercial soybean paste.traditional soybean paste from shandong liangshan and tianyuan jiangyuan commercial soybean paste were chosen for analysis and comparison of their bacterial and fungal dynamics using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and 16s rrna gene clone libraries. the bacterial diversity results showed that more than 20 types of bacteria were present in traditional shandong soybean paste during its fermentation process, whereas only six types of bacteria were present in the commercial soybean paste. th ...201324002452
screening of extracts from natural feed ingredients for their ability to reduce enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 adhesion to porcine intestinal epithelial cell-line ipec-j2.enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 is the most prevalent enteropathogen in weaned piglets, with the ability to express fimbria f4 and specifically attach to intestinal receptors in the young piglet. the prevention of etec k88 adhesion to the epithelium by interfering in this fimbria-receptor recognition provides an alternative approach to prevent the initial stage of disease. the aim of this study is to screen, among different feed ingredients (fi), their ability to reduce etec k88 atta ...201323992796
aspergillus oryzae aoso is a novel component of stress granules upon heat stress in filamentous fungi.stress granules are a type of cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein (mrnp) granule formed in response to the inhibition of translation initiation, which typically occurs when cells are exposed to stress. stress granules are conserved in eukaryotes; however, in filamentous fungi, including aspergillus oryzae, stress granules have not yet been defined. for this reason, here we investigated the formation and localization of stress granules in a. oryzae cells exposed to various stresses using an e ...201323991062
random mutagenesis of the aspergillus oryzae genome results in fungal antibacterial activity.multidrug-resistant bacteria cause severe infections in hospitals and communities. development of new drugs to combat resistant microorganisms is needed. natural products of microbial origin are the source of most currently available antibiotics. we hypothesized that random mutagenesis of aspergillus oryzae would result in secretion of antibacterial compounds. to address this hypothesis, we developed a screen to identify individual a. oryzae mutants that inhibit the growth of methicillin-resista ...201323983696
reduction of the degradation activity of umami-enhancing purinic ribonucleotide supplement in miso by the targeted suppression of acid phosphatases in the aspergillus oryzae starter culture.miso (fermented soybean paste) is a traditional japanese fermented food, and is now used worldwide. the solid-state culture of filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae, grown on rice is known as rice-koji, and is important as a starter for miso fermentation because of its prominent hydrolytic enzyme activities. recently, commercial miso products have been supplemented with purinic ribonucleotides, such as inosine monophosphate (imp) and guanine monophosphate, to enhance the characteristic umami ta ...201323973834
metabolic engineering of aspergillus oryzae nrrl 3488 for increased production of l-malic acid.malic acid, a petroleum-derived c4-dicarboxylic acid that is used in the food and beverage industries, is also produced by a number of microorganisms that follow a variety of metabolic routes. several members of the genus aspergillus utilize a two-step cytosolic pathway from pyruvate to malate known as the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rtca) pathway. this simple and efficient pathway has a maximum theoretical yield of 2 mol malate/mol glucose when the starting pyruvate originates from glycolysis ...201323925533
engineering the thermostability of a xylanase from aspergillus oryzae by an enhancement of the interactions between the n-terminus extension and the β-sheet a2 of the enzyme.a mesophilic aspergillus oryzae xylanase (aoxyn11a) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 11. hydrogen bonds and a disulfide bridge were introduced between the n-terminus extension and the β-sheet a2 of aoxyn11a, which were located in the corresponding region of a hyperthermostable xylanase. the mutants were designated as aoxyn11a(c5) and aoxyn11a(c5-c32), respectively. the thermostabilities of aoxyn11a and the mutants were assessed by the molecular dynamics simulations. after being incubated at ...201323907668
comparison and analysis of the genomes of two aspergillus oryzae strains.a. oryzae 3.042 (china) and a. oryzae rib40 (japan) used for soy sauce fermentation show some regional differences. we sequenced the genome of a. oryzae 3.042 and compared it to a. oryzae rib40 in an attempt to understand why different features are shown by these two a. oryzae strains. we predict 11,399 protein-coding genes in a. oryzae 3.042. the genomes of these two a. oryzae strains are collinear revealed by mummer analysis, indicating that the differences are not obvious between them. severa ...201323889147
mycoflora of soybeans used for meju fermentation.diverse fungi are present in korean traditional meju and they are known to play an important role in fermented soybean products. to determine the origin of the fungi in meju, we examined the mycoflora of soybeans from 10 traditional meju factories. the samples were untreated or treated with sodium hypochlorite, and placed on malt extract agar (mea), dichloran 18% glycerol agar (dg18), and dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar (drbc) medium. a total of 794 fungal strains were isolated and th ...201323874133
assessment of a bacterial 6-phytase in the diets of broiler chickens.two 21-d broiler experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of a bacterial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal molecular markers. two hundred forty birds in 5 treatments (experiment 1) or 256 birds in 4 treatments (experiment 2) were used. the treatments included a negative control diet that was marginally deficient in p (nc) or nc plus tricalcium phosphate, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 phytase units/kg (experiment 1), and nc or nc ...201323873558
effect of the combined probiotics with aflatoxin b₁-degrading enzyme on aflatoxin detoxification, broiler production performance and hepatic enzyme gene expression.in order to degrade aflatoxin b₁ (afb₁), afb₁-degrading microbes (probiotics) such as lactobacillus casei, bacillus subtilis and pichia anomala, and the afb₁-degrading enzyme from aspergillus oryzae were selected and combined to make feed additive. seventy-five 43-day-old male arbor acres broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups, 15 broilers for each group. the broilers were given with 5 kinds of diets such as the basal diet, 400 μg/kg afb₁ supplement without feed additive, and 200, 400, 800 ...201323831311
characterization of a (d)-stereoselective aminopeptidase (dama) exhibiting aminolytic activity and halophilicity from aspergillus oryzae.β-aminopeptidases exhibit both hydrolytic and aminolytic (peptide bond formation) activities and have only been reported in bacteria. we identified a gene encoding the β-aminopeptidase homolog from a genome database of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. the gene was overexpressed in a. oryzae, and the resulting recombinant enzyme was purified. apart from bacterial homologs [β-ala-para-nitroanilide (pna)], the enzyme preferred d-leu-pna and d-phe-pna as substrates. therefore, we designate ...201323821291
synthesis and antifungal activities of cyclic octa-lipopeptide burkholdine analogues.synthesis and antifungal activity of cyclic octapeptide derivatives of burkholdines are described. to construct cyclic octapeptides, the combination of fmoc-spps and cyclization with dic/hobt in the solution phase was employed. synthesized peptides were evaluated for antifungal activity with mic values against saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae, and candida viswanathii. as a result, the lipid side chain and the stereochemistry of each amino acid of bk-1097 analogues significantly affec ...201323769641
structurally diverse chaetophenol productions induced by chemically mediated epigenetic manipulation of fungal gene expression.epigenetic manipulation of gene expression in chaetomium indicum using a hdac inhibitor led to the isolation of structurally diverse chaetophenols, and 3, 4 and 5 bear unprecedented polycyclic skeletons. the expression of two silent genes (pksch-1 and pksch-2) for nonreducing pkss involved in chaetophenol biosynthesis was associated with an increase of histone acetylation level. the heterologous gene expression study in aspergillus oryzae revealed pksch-2 to be the nr-pks gene for 8.201323767797
crystal structures of copper-depleted and copper-bound fungal pro-tyrosinase: insights into endogenous cysteine-dependent copper incorporation.tyrosinase, a dinuclear copper monooxygenase/oxidase, plays a crucial role in the melanin pigment biosynthesis. the structure and functions of tyrosinase have so far been studied extensively, but the post-translational maturation process from the pro-form to the active form has been less explored. in this study, we provide the crystal structures of aspergillus oryzae full-length pro-tyrosinase in the holo- and the apo-forms at 1.39 and 2.05 å resolution, respectively, revealing that phe(513) on ...201323749993
production of 8-hydroxydaidzein from soybean extract by aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247.aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247 was selected from among 60 fungal strains as an effective 7,8,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (8-hydroxydaidzein)-producing fungus. the optimal culture conditions for production by this strain in a 7-l fermentor were found to be 30 °c, ph 6, and 300 rpm. under these conditions, a. oryzae kacc 40247 produced 62 mg/l of 8-hydroxydaidzein from soybean extract in 30 h, with a productivity of 2.1 mg/l/h. these are the highest production and productivity for 8-hydroxydaidzein eve ...201323748754
high-level extracellular production and characterization of candida antarctica lipase b in pichia pastoris.the gene encoding lipase b from candida antarctica (calb) was expressed in pichia pastoris after it was synthesized by the recursive pcr and cloned into the pichia expression plasmid, ppiczαa. the calb was successfully secreted in the recombinant p. pastoris strain x-33 with an apparent molecular weight of 34 kda. for 140 h flask culture, the dry cell weight and the extracellular lipase activity reached at 5.4 g/l and 57.9 u/l toward p-nitrophenyl palmitate, respectively. when we performed the f ...201323571105
time-dependent correlation of the microbial community and the metabolomics of traditional barley nuruk starter fermentation.the microbial community and the metabolites of barley nuruk were studied to determine the time-dependent correlation between the fermentation of microbes and metabolites. samples were analyzed by a polyphasic approach based on culture-dependent, culture-independent (pcr-dgge and qpcr analysis), and metabolite analysis using gc-ms. barley nuruk consists of varying amounts of bacteria, yeasts, and molds. the pcr-dgge results showed that only one phylotype, aspergillus oryzae, was predominant throu ...201323563559
inhibition kinetics of lipid oxidation of model foods by using antioxidant extract of fermented soybeans.fermentation by using aspergillus oryzae has been reported to increase antioxidant activity of soybeans significantly. the effectiveness of the extract from fermented soybeans was studied in 3 model foods with different complexities, i.e., linoleic acid emulsion, sunflower oil emulsions and bulk sunflower oil. for the emulsion systems, oxidation at two different ph values (4.5 and 7) was also compared. a reparameterised logistic equation was used to describe and to predict the experimental data. ...201323561179
identification of telomerase rnas from filamentous fungi reveals conservation with vertebrates and yeasts.telomeres are the nucleoprotein complexes at eukaryotic chromosomal ends. telomeric dna is synthesized by the ribonucleoprotein telomerase, which comprises a telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert) and a telomerase rna (ter). ter contains a template for telomeric dna synthesis. filamentous fungi possess extremely short and tightly regulated telomeres. although tert is well conserved between most organisms, ter is highly divergent and thus difficult to identify. in order to identify the ter seque ...201323555591
enhanced thermostability of a mesophilic xylanase by n-terminal replacement designed by molecular dynamics simulation.xylanases have attracted much attention owing to their potential applications. the applicability of xylanases, however, was bottlenecked by their low stabilities at high temperature or extreme ph. the purpose of this work was to enhance the thermostability of a mesophilic xylanase by n-terminal replacement.201323512640
further enhanced production of heterologous proteins by double-gene disruption (δaosedd δaovps10) in a hyper-producing mutant of aspergillus oryzae.the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae is used as one of the most favored hosts for heterologous protein production due to its ability to secrete large amounts of proteins into the culture medium. we previously generated a hyper-producing mutant strain of a. oryzae, aut1, which produced 3.2- and 2.6-fold higher levels of bovine chymosin (chy) and human lysozyme (hly), respectively, compared with the wild-type strain. however, further enhancement of heterologous protein production by multiple ...201323504109
effects of a novel bacterial phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in diets fed to weanling or growing pigs.in 2 experiments, 48 weanling (initial bw: 13.5 ± 2.4 kg, exp. 1) and 24 growing pigs (initial bw: 36.2 ± 4.0 kg, exp. 2) were used to determine effects of a novel bacterial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on the apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of phosphorus and calcium in corn-soybean meal diets fed to weanling and growing pigs. in exp. 1 and 2, pigs were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments using a randomized complete block design and a balanced 2 period changeover des ...201323497607
preparation of progenin iii from total steroidal saponins of dioscorea nipponica makino using a crude enzyme from aspergillus oryzae strain.progenin iii, one of the most active spirostanol saponins, is a potential candidate for anti-cancer therapy due to its strong antitumor activity and low hemolytic activity. however, the concentration of progenin iii is extremely low in natural dioscorea plants. in this paper, the progenin iii production from total steroidal saponins of dioscorea nipponica makino was studied using the crude enzyme from aspergillus oryzae dlfcc-38. the crude enzyme converting total steroidal saponins into progenin ...201323471779
protodioscin-glycosidase-1 hydrolyzing 26-o-β-d-glucoside and 3-o-(1 → 4)-α-l-rhamnoside of steroidal saponins from aspergillus oryzae.a novel protodioscin-(steroidal saponin)-glycoside hydrolase, named protodioscin-glycosidase-1 (pgase-1), was purified and characterized from the aspergillus oryzae strain. the molecular mass of this enzyme was determined to be about 55 kda based on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. pgase-1 was able to hydrolyze the terminal 26-o-β-d-glucopyranoside of protodioscin (furostanoside) to produce dioscin (spirostanoside), and then further hydrolyze the terminal 3-o-(1 → 4)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside ...201323467827
breeding research on sake yeasts in japan: history, recent technological advances, and future perspectives.sake is an alcoholic beverage of japan, with a tradition lasting more than 1,300 years; it is produced from rice and water by fermenting with the koji mold aspergillus oryzae and sake yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. breeding research on sake yeasts was originally developed in japan by incorporating microbiological and genetic research methodologies adopted in other scientific areas. since the advent of a genetic paradigm, isolation of yeast mutants has been a dominant approach for the breeding o ...201323464572
fuzzy logic control of rotating drum bioreactor for improved production of amylase and protease enzymes by aspergillus oryzae in solid-state fermentation.in this study, we compared the performance of two control systems, fuzzy logic control (flc) and conventional control (cc). the control systems were applied for controlling temperature and substrate moisture content in a solidstate fermentation for the biosynthesis of amylase and protease enzymes by aspergillus oryzae. the fermentation process was achieved in a 200 l rotating drum bioreactor. three factors affecting temperature and moisture content in the solid-state fermentation were considered ...201323462006
nad⁺-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (xdha) and l-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase (lada) deletion mutants of aspergillus oryzae for improved xylitol production.xylitol dehydrogenase (xdha) and l-arabitol dehydrogenase (lada) are two key enzymes in xylan metabolism catalyzing the oxidation of xylitol to d-xylulose and arabitol to l-xylulose, respectively. in aspergillus oryzae, xdha and lada are encoded by xdha and lada. we deleted xdha and lada and xdha-lada to generate mutants with decreased dehydrogenase activities and increased xylitol production. the mutants were constructed by homologous transformation into a. oryzae p4 (∆pyrg) using pyrg as a sel ...201323436125
2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-phenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside derivatives as fluorescent pigment dyeing substrates and their application for the assay of β-d-galactosidase activities.2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-phenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside derivatives were synthesized as novel artificial fluorescent pigment dyeing substrates for β-d-galactosidase. the substrates, which exhibited non-fluorescence or weak fluorescence in solution phase, were smoothly hydrolyzed by β-d-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae and yielded a water-insoluble strong fluorescent pigment. the difference of fluorescent intensity exhibited a linear relationship with the amount of enzyme.201323434417
hierarchical meso-macroporous silica grafted with glyoxyl groups: opportunities for covalent immobilization of enzymes.hierarchical meso-macroporous silica (average mesopore diameter 20 nm) was synthesized and chemically modified to be used as a support for the immobilization of lipases from candida antarctica b and alcaligenes sp. and β-galactosidases from bacillus circulans and aspergillus oryzae. catalytic activities and thermal stabilities of enzymes immobilized by multipoint covalent attachment in silica derivatized with glyoxyl groups were compared with those immobilized in glyoxyl-agarose, assessing bioca ...201323416689
manr, a transcriptional regulator of the β-mannan utilization system, controls the cellulose utilization system in aspergillus oryzae.manr, a dna-binding protein possessing the zn(ii)(2)cys(6) binuclear cluster domain, acts as a positive regulator of mannanolytic enzyme genes in aspergillus oryzae. in this study, we found that manr controlled the expression not only of mannanolytic enzyme genes but also of cellulolytic enzyme genes in a. oryzae, based on dna microarray analysis of a manr-disruptant and a manr-overexpressing strain. a new model for the regulation of cellulase and hemicellulase genes mediated by manr and xlnr in ...201323391935
effect of a fermented brown rice extract on the gastrointestinal function in methotrexate-treated rats.we investigated the protective effect of a hydrous ethanol extract of brown rice fermented with aspergillus oryzae (erf) which contained nucleobases and low fiber on the methotrexate (mtx)-induced gastrointestinal damage in rats. the rats were assigned to three groups: control (con), mtx, and mtx-erf. the rats in the con and mtx groups were fed for 4 weeks on a basal diet, and those in the mtx-erf group were fed on a 9.16% erf-containing basal diet. the rats in the mtx and mtx-erf groups were ad ...201323391910
heterologous expression and characterization of a glycoside hydrolase family 45 endo-β-1,4-glucanase from a symbiotic protist of the lower termite, reticulitermes speratus.the termite symbiotic system is one of the efficient lignocellulose degradation systems. we tried to express and characterize a novel cellulolytic enzyme from this system. here, we report the isolation of an endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene homolog of glycoside hydrolase family 45 from a symbiotic protistan community of reticulitermes speratus. heterologous expression of this gene was performed using the expression system of aspergillus oryzae. analysis of enzymatic properties revealed 786 μmol/min/mg ...201323354496
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