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chirally pure prodrugs and their converting enzymes lead to high supersaturation and rapid transcellular permeation of benzodiazepines.water-soluble prodrugs can be rapidly converted by enzymes to hydrophobic drugs, whose aqueous thermodynamic solubilities are low, but are maintained in aqueous solution at supersaturated concentrations due to slow precipitation kinetics. recently, we investigated avizafone (avf) in combination with aspergillus oryzae protease as a prodrug/enzyme system intended to produce supersaturated diazepam (dzp). several fold enhancement of permeation of supersaturated dzp across madin-darby canine kidney ...201627342435
immobilization of aspergillus oryzae  β-galactosidase on cellulose acetate-polymethylmethacrylate membrane and its application in hydrolysis of lactose from milk and whey.the present study demonstrates the immobilization of aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase on cellulose acetate-polymethylmethacrylate (ca-pmma) membrane and its application in hydrolyzing lactose in dairy industries. the effect of physical and chemical denaturants like ph, temperature, product inhibition by galactose, storage stability, and reuse number of the enzyme immobilized on ca-pmma membrane has been investigated. lactose was hydrolyzed from milk and whey in batch reactors at 50°c by free a ...201427350979
structural characterization, catalytic, kinetic and thermodynamic properties of aspergillus oryzae tannase.tannase (ec.3.1.1.20) from aspergillus oryzae was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation (75%), gel filtration chromatography through sephadex g-100, and g-200. the purified enzyme was monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 106kda. the activation energy for tannic acid hydrolysis was 32.6kjmol(-1) and its temperature quotient (q10) was 1.0. the pka1 and pka2 values of acidic and basic limbs of the active site residues were 4.6 and 6.4. the calculated values of thermodynamic parameter ...201627373426
identification and heterologous expression of the topopyrone nonaketide synthase gene from phoma sp.non-reducing iterative type i polyketide synthase genes, pnk1 and pnk2, were cloned from the fungus phoma sp. baua2861, which produces the topoisomerase i inhibitors, topopyrones a to d. heterologous expression of these polyketide synthase genes under the α-amylase promoter in aspergillus oryzae was carried out to identify their functions. the pnk2 transformant produced topopyrones c, d, and haematommone. therefore, the pnk2 gene was found to encode for the topopyrone nonaketide synthase.201627373651
purification and characterization of isoamyl alcohol oxidase ("mureka"-forming enzyme).isoamyl alcohol oxidase (iaaod) was purified to apparent homogeneity on sds-page from ultrafiltration (uf) concentrated sake. iaaod was a glycoprotein, a monomeric protein with an apparent molecular mass of 73 and 87 kda, by sds-page and gel filtration on hplc, respectively. iaaod showed high substrate specificity toward c5 branched-chain alkyl alcohol (isoamyl alcohol), and no activity toward shorter (c1-c4) or longer (c7-c10) alkyl alcohols tested. iaaod was stable between ph 3.0-6.0 at 25°c. ...199927380232
transglycosylation of thiamin by fungal β-n-acetylhexosaminidases.a new thiamin glycoside, e.g., thiamin β-d-2-deoxy-2-acetamidoglucopyranoside was prepared by transglycosylation by β-n-acetylhexosaminidase from aspergillus oryzae and characterized spectrally. series of other fungal β-n-acetyl-hexosaminidases from a. awamori, a. tamari, a. terreus, and penicillium oxalicum were shown to be able to synthesize the same compound in lower yields.199827392399
cysteine protease inhibitors produced by the industrial koji mold, aspergillus oryzae o-1018.aspergillus oryzae o-1018 (ferm p-15834) separated from industrial koji for brewing sake was found to produce five papain-inhibitory compounds in the culture supernatant. the five isolated inhibitors were named cpi-1 to cpi-5, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and chemical degradation. we determined the structures of cpi-2, cpi-3 and cpi-4 as 4-amino-1-[[n- [(2s, 3s)-3-trans-carboxyoxiran-2-carbonyl]-l-isoleucyl] amino]butane, 5-amino-1-[[n-[(2s, 3s)-3-trans-carboxyo ...199827392587
isolation of taka-amylase a peptides required for substrate binding.an α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae, taka-amylase a (taa), was cleaved into peptide fragments by an acid protease. inactivation of taa was greatly retarded by the addition of α-cyclodextrin or ca(2+). taa peptide fragments were separated into two groups having no and high affinity to the substrate, soluble starch. this separation was done by the forced affinity chromatography method by a column of epichlorohydrin cross-linked soluble starch gel. three peptides were isolated from the high-affini ...199727396736
comparative genomic analysis identified a mutation related to enhanced heterologous protein production in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.genomic mapping of mutations using next-generation sequencing technologies has facilitated the identification of genes contributing to fundamental biological processes, including human diseases. however, few studies have used this approach to identify mutations contributing to heterologous protein production in industrial strains of filamentous fungi, such as aspergillus oryzae. in a screening of a. oryzae strains that hyper-produce human lysozyme (hly), we previously isolated an aut1 mutant tha ...201627405439
preventive effects of fermented brown rice and rice bran against prostate carcinogenesis in trap rats.fermented brown rice and rice bran with aspergillus oryzae (fbra) is considered to have the potential to prevent chemically-induced carcinogenesis in multiple organs of rodents. in the present study, we evaluated the possible chemopreventive effects of fbra against prostate tumorigenesis. six-week-old male rats of the transgenic rat for adenocarcinoma of prostate (trap) strain were fed diets containing 5% or 10% fbra for 15 weeks. animals were sacrificed at 21 weeks of age, and the ventral and l ...201627409632
biohydrogen production in the suspended and attached microbial growth systems from waste pastry hydrolysate.waste pastry was hydrolyzed by glucoamylase and protease which were obtained from solid state fermentation of aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae to produce waste pastry hydrolysate. then, the effects of hydraulic retention times (hrts) (4-12h) on hydrogen production rate (hpr) in the suspended microbial growth system (continuous stirred tank reactor, cstr) and attached microbial growth system (continuous mixed immobilized sludge reactor, cmisr) from waste pastry hydrolysate were investig ...201627416509
transformation of litchi pericarp-derived condensed tannin with aspergillus awamori.condensed tannin is a ubiquitous polyphenol in plants that possesses substantial antioxidant capacity. in this study, we have investigated the polyphenol extraction recovery and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) scavenging activity of the extracted polyphenol after litchi pericarp is treated with aspergillus awamori, aspergillus sojae or aspergillus oryzae. we have further explored the activity of a. awamori in the formation of condensed tannin. the treatment of a. awamori appeared to produce ...201627420043
comparative thermal inactivation analysis of aspergillus oryzae and thiellavia terrestris cutinase: role of glycosylation.cutinase thermostability is important so that the enzymes can function above the glass transition of what are often rigid polymer substrates. a detailed thermal inactivation analysis was performed for two well-characterized cutinases, aspergillus oryzae cutinase (aoc) and thiellavia terrestris cutinase (ttc). both aoc and ttc are prone to thermal aggregation upon unfolding at high temperature, which was found to be a major reason for irreversible loss of enzyme activity. our study demonstrates t ...201727425027
effect of mechanical denaturation on surface free energy of protein powders.globular proteins are important both as therapeutic agents and excipients. however, their fragile native conformations can be denatured during pharmaceutical processing, which leads to modification of the surface energy of their powders and hence their performance. lyophilized powders of hen egg-white lysozyme and β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae were used as models to study the effects of mechanical denaturation on the surface energies of basic and acidic protein powders, respectively. t ...201627434157
using a flexible shaft agitator to enhance the rheology of a complex fungal fermentation culture.the rheology behavior of biological fluids particularly when the viscosity is high and rheology is complex, is an important issue to understand, particularly for studies in mass-transfer and for solving technical problems with mixing in stirred bioreactors. in this paper, the use of a swingstir(®) impeller during the fermentation of aspergillus oryzae resulted in decreases from the parameters of a power-law model, in viscosity and in the thixotropic behavior of a cultivation broth. the results s ...201627438373
increased enzyme production under liquid culture conditions in the industrial fungus aspergillus oryzae by disruption of the genes encoding cell wall α-1,3-glucan synthase.under liquid culture conditions, the hyphae of filamentous fungi aggregate to form pellets, which reduces cell density and fermentation productivity. previously, we found that loss of α-1,3-glucan in the cell wall of the fungus aspergillus nidulans increased hyphal dispersion. therefore, here we constructed a mutant of the industrial fungus a. oryzae in which the three genes encoding α-1,3-glucan synthase were disrupted (tripleδ). although the hyphae of the tripleδ mutant were not fully disperse ...201627442340
sequential mixed cultures: from syngas to malic acid.synthesis gas (syngas) fermentation using acetogenic bacteria is an approach for production of bulk chemicals like acetate, ethanol, butanol, or 2,3-butandiol avoiding the fuel vs. food debate by using carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen from gasification of biomass or industrial waste gases. suffering from energetic limitations, yields of c4-molecules produced by syngas fermentation are quite low compared with abe fermentation using sugars as a substrate. on the other hand, fungal pro ...201627445993
autolysis of aspergillus oryzae mycelium and effect on volatile flavor compounds of soy sauce.the autolyzed mycelia of aspergillus oryzae are rich in proteins, nucleic acids, sugar, and other biomacromolecules, and are one of the main contributors to the flavor profile of commercially important fermented goods, including soy sauce and miso. we induced autolysis of the mycelia of a. oryzae over 1 to 10 d, and found that the maximum dissolved amounts of total protein and nucleic acid ratio accounted for 28.63% and 88.93%, respectively. the organic acid content, such as citric acid, tartari ...201627464006
characterizations of the submerged fermentation of aspergillus oryzae using a fullzone impeller in a stirred tank bioreactor.a fullzone (fz) impeller was used in the first study of the characteristics involved in the fermentation of aspergillus oryzae. both the experimental and simulation results of this study revealed novel findings into the positive relationship between the global-axial mixing patterns of a fz impeller and fermentation efficiency. the mixing results when using the fz impeller compared with a double rushton turbine (drt) impeller indicated that the culture mixed by the fz resulted in a more homogeneo ...201727475924
screening for antimicrobial activity of wood rotting higher basidiomycetes mushrooms from uruguay against phytopathogens.in this work, the antimicrobial activity of extracts of wood rotting higher basidiomycetes mushrooms isolated from eucalyptus plantations in uruguay was studied using bacterial and fungal phytopathogens as targets. fifty-one extracts from mycelia and growth broth were prepared from higher basidiomycetes mushrooms, from which eight extracts (from ganoderma resinaceum, laetiporus sulphureus, dictyopanus pusillus, and bjerkandera adusta) showed antimicrobial activity against xanthomonas vesicatoria ...201627481160
effects of addition of aspergillus oryzae culture and 2-hydroxyl-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid on milk performance and rumen fermentation of dairy cows.to investigate effects of aspergillus oryzae culture (aoc) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (hmb) on milk performance and rumen fermentation of dairy cows. sixty-four multiparous chinese holstein cows were randomly allocated into four experimental diets: (i) control diet; (ii) aoc diet: 5 g aoc/day per head; (iii) hmb diet: 25 g hmb/day; and (iv) ah diet: 5 g aoc plus 25 g hmb/day. added hmb tended to increase the yield of milk protein (p = 0.06) and 3.5% fat-corrected milk (p = 0.08) ...201727506446
functional and transcriptomic analysis of the key unfolded protein response transcription factor haca in aspergillus oryzae.haca is a conserved basic leucine zipper transcription factor that serves as the master transcriptional regulator in the unfolded protein response (upr). to comprehensively evaluate the role of haca in aspergillus oryzae, a homokaryotic haca disruption mutant (haca-de) and a strain that expressed a constitutively active form of haca (haca-ca) were successfully generated, and transcriptome analyses of these mutants were performed. growth and phenotypic profiles demonstrated that hyphal growth and ...201627520586
expression, purification and identification of a thermolysin-like protease, neutral protease i, from aspergillus oryzae with the pichia pastoris expression system.neutral proteases are widely used in the textile, food and medical industries. this study was designed to obtain high expression levels of neutral protease i from aspergillus oryzae 3.042 by using pichia pastoris gs115 as the host strain for industrial purposes. the coding sequence of the target gene was modified, synthesized, and then cloned into the expression vector phbm905bdm, which harbored the d1+2 × 201 aox1 promoter and the mf4i leader sequence. the recombinant plasmid was transformed in ...201627539551
overproduction, purification and characterization of adenylate deaminase from aspergillus oryzae.adenylate deaminase (ampd, ec 3.5.4.6) is an aminohydrolase that widely used in the food and medicine industries. in this study, the gene encoding aspergillus oryzae ampd was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. induction with 0.75 mm isopropyl β-d-l-thiogalactopyranoside resulted in an enzyme activity of 1773.9 u/ml. recombinant ampd was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using nickel affinity chromatography, and its molecular weight was calculated as 78.6 kda. purified ampd exhibited ...201627539573
evaluation of commercial soy sauce koji strains of aspergillus oryzae for γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) production.in this study, four selected commercial strains of aspergillus oryzae were collected from soy sauce koji. these a. oryzae strains designated as nsk, nsz, nsj and nst shared similar morphological characteristics with the reference strain (a. oryzae frr 1675) which confirmed them as a. oryzae species. they were further evaluated for their ability to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) by cultivating the spore suspension in a broth medium containing 0.4 % (w/v) of glutamic acid as a substrate for ga ...201627541157
artificial modification of an enzyme for construction of cross-reactive polyion complexes to fingerprint signatures of proteins and mammalian cells.a novel strategy for construction of cross-reactive enzyme-based sensors have been developed based on chemical modification of lysine ε-nh3(+) groups in β-galactosidase (β-gal) from aspergillus oryzae with various acid anhydrides. modification of lysine side chains markedly altered the kinetic parameters of β-gal (km and kcat), whereas catalytic activity remained and the tertiary structure was maintained for all modified β-gals. the addition of cationic pegylated polymers to reactive solutions c ...201627548408
regioselective dichlorination of a non-activated aliphatic carbon atom and phenolic bismethylation by a multifunctional fungal flavoenzyme.the regioselective functionalization of non-activated carbon atoms such as aliphatic halogenation is a major synthetic challenge. a novel multifunctional enzyme catalyzing the geminal dichlorination of a methyl group was discovered in aspergillus oryzae (koji mold), an important fungus that is widely used for asian food fermentation. a biosynthetic pathway encoded on two different chromosomes yields mono- and dichlorinated polyketides (diaporthin derivatives), including the cytotoxic dichlorodia ...201627559694
fermented brown rice extract stimulates bdnf gene transcription in c6 glioma cells: possible connection with ho-1 expression.fermented brown rice with aspergillus oryzae, designated as fbra, is known to be commercially available dietary fiber-rich food, which is appreciated as prebiotics to improve intestinal microflora, and also shown to contain various biologically active substances including polyphenolic compounds. on the other hand, polyphenolic compounds have been suggested to stimulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) gene in connection with the expression of heme oxidase-1 (ho-1) gene ...201727560964
japanese traditional dietary fungus koji aspergillus oryzae functions as a prebiotic for blautia coccoides through glycosylceramide: japanese dietary fungus koji is a new prebiotic.the japanese traditional cuisine, washoku, considered to be responsible for increased longevity among the japanese, comprises various foods fermented with the non-pathogenic fungus aspergillus oryzae (koji). we have recently revealed that koji contains an abundant amount of glycosylceramide. intestinal microbes have significant effect on health. however, the effects of koji glycosylceramide on intestinal microbes have not been studied.201627563516
korean ginseng berry fermented by mycotoxin non-producing aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae: ginsenoside analyses and anti-proliferative activities.to transform ginsenosides, korean ginseng berry (kgb) was fermented by mycotoxin non-producing aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae. changes of ginsenoside profile and anti-proliferative activities were observed. results showed that a. niger tended to efficiently transform protopanaxadiol (ppd) type ginsenosides such as rb1, rb2, rd to compound k while a. oryzae tended to efficiently transform protopanaxatriol (ppt) type ginsenoside re to rh1 via rg1. butanol extracts of fermented kgb showed ...201627582326
enzymatic production of 5'-inosinic acid by amp deaminase from a newly isolated aspergillus oryzae.5'-adenylic acid deaminase (amp deaminase), an important enzyme for the food industry, can catalyze the irreversible hydrolysis of adenosine monophosphate (amp) to inosine monophosphate (imp) and ammonia. in this study, a new strain was screened that efficiently produces 3191.6u/g of amp deaminase at 32°c. after purification, the optimal temperature and ph of the amp deaminase were found to be 40°c and 6.0, respectively, but it was partially inhibited by fe(3+), cu(2+), al(3+), and zn(2+). with ...201727596420
optimized expression of prolyl aminopeptidase in pichia pastoris and its characteristics after glycosylation.prolyl aminopeptidases are specific exopeptidases that catalyze the hydrolysis of the n-terminus proline residue of peptides and proteins. in the present study, the prolyl aminopeptidase gene (pap) from aspergillus oryzae jn-412 was optimized through the codon usage of pichia pastoris. both the native and optimized pap genes were inserted into the expression vector ppic9 k and were successfully expressed in p. pastoris. additionally, the activity of the intracellular enzyme expressed by the reco ...201627628336
identification of a novel sesquiterpene biosynthetic machinery involved in astellolide biosynthesis.esterified drimane-type sesquiterpene lactones such as astellolides display various biological activities and are widely produced by plants and fungi. given their low homology to known sesquiterpene cyclases, the genes responsible for their biosynthesis have not been uncovered yet. here, we identified the astellolide gene cluster from aspergillus oryzae and discovered a novel sesquiterpene biosynthetic machinery consisting of astc, asti, and astk. all these enzymes are annotated as haloacid deha ...201627628599
biosynthesis of shearinine: diversification of a tandem prenyl moiety of fungal indole diterpenes.the late-stage biosynthetic pathway of the indole diterpene shearinine involving four enzymatic reactions (janqdoj) was elucidated by an efficient heterologous expression system using aspergillus oryzae. key oxidative cyclization, forming a characteristic a/b bicyclic shearinine core by flavoprotein oxidase, was studied using a substrate analogue and a buffer containing h2(18)o. these experimental data provided evidence that jano catalyzes two-step oxidation via a hydroxylated product and that t ...201627632559
mitochondria-localized phospholipase a2, aoplaa, in aspergillus oryzae displays phosphatidylethanolamine-specific activity and is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial phospholipid composition.in mammals, cytosolic phospholipases a2 (cpla2s) play important physiological roles by releasing arachidonic acid, a precursor for bioactive lipid mediators, from the biological membranes. in contrast, fungal cpla2-like proteins are much less characterized and their roles have remained elusive. aoplaa is a cpla2-like protein in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae which, unlike mammalian cpla2, localizes to mitochondria. in this study, we investigated the biochemical and physiological funct ...201627634187
genome sequence of aspergillus luchuensis nbrc 4314.awamori is a traditional distilled beverage made from steamed thai-indica rice in okinawa, japan. for brewing the liquor, two microbes, local kuro (black) koji mold aspergillus luchuensis and awamori yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae are involved. in contrast, that yeasts are used for ethanol fermentation throughout the world, a characteristic of japanese fermentation industries is the use of aspergillus molds as a source of enzymes for the maceration and saccharification of raw materials. here we ...201627651094
effect of different amylases on the utilization of cornstarch in broiler chickens.this study compared the effect of different amylases on the utilization of cornstarch in broiler chickens fed a corn-based diet. three-day-old arbor acres plus male chickens were randomly divided into 7 treatments and fed a diet supplemented with different sources and concentrations of amylase: 1,500 u/kg and 3,000 u/kg α-1,4 amylase from aspergillus oryzae (α-amylase a); 480 u/kg and 960 u/kg α-1,4 amylase from bacillus subtilis (α-amylase b); 200 u/kg and 400 u/kg α-1,6 isoamylase from b. subt ...201627664199
fungal fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass for itaconic and fumaric acid production.the production of high-value chemicals from natural resources as alternative of petroleum-based products is currently expanding in parallel with biorefinery. the use of lignocellulosic biomass as raw material is promising to achieve economic and environmental sustainability. filamentous fungi, particularly aspergillus species, are already used industrially to produce organic acid as well as many enzymes. the production of lignocellulose degrading enzymes opens the possibility for direct fungal f ...201627666988
valorization of sugar-to-ethanol process waste vinasse: a novel biorefinery approach using edible ascomycetes filamentous fungi.the aim of the present work was to study the integration of edible ascomycetes filamentous fungi into the existing sugar- or molasses-to-ethanol processes, to grow on vinasse or stillage and produce ethanol and protein-rich fungal biomass. two fungal strains, neurospora intermedia and aspergillus oryzae were examined in shake flasks and airlift-bioreactors, resulting in reduction of vinasse cod by 34% and viscosity by 21%. utilization of glycerol and sugars were observed, yielding 202.4 or 222.8 ...201627668880
degradation of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by a filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae m-4 strain with self-protection transformation.a novel filamentous fungus m-4 strain was isolated from soy sauce koji and identified as aspergillus oryzae (collection number: cgmcc 11645) on the basis of morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer sequence. m-4 could degrade 80.62 % of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-pba; 100 mg l(-1)) within 5 days. 3-pba degradation occurred in accordance with first-order kinetics. the degradation metabolites of 3-pba were identified through high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectromet ...201627678114
aspergillus oryzae-saccharomyces cerevisiae consortium allows bio-hybrid fuel cell to run on complex carbohydrates.consortia of aspergillus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisiae are examined for their abilities to turn complex carbohydrates into ethanol. to understand the interactions between microorganisms in consortia, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy is used to follow the concentrations of various metabolites such as sugars (e.g., glucose, maltose), longer chain carbohydrates, and ethanol to optimize consortia conditions for the production of ethanol. it is shown that with proper design a. oryzae can ...201627681904
optimisation of nutritional requirements for dopamine synthesis by calcium alginate-entrapped mutant strain of aspergillus oryzae ems-6.the optimisation of nutritional requirements for dopamine (da) synthesis by calcium alginate-entrapped mutant variant of aspergillus oryzae ems-6 using submerged fermentation technique was investigated. a total of 13 strains were isolated from soil. isolate i-2 was selected as a better producer of da and improved by exposing with ethyl methylsulphonate (ems). ems-6 was selected as it exhibited 43 μg/ml da activity. the mutant variable was further treated with low levels of l-cysteine hcl to make ...201727686520
simultaneous hydrolysis and co-fermentation of whey lactose with wheat for ethanol production.whey permeate was used as a co-substrate to replace part of the wheat for ethanol production by saccharomyces cerevisiae. the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was achieved with β-galactosidase added at the onset of the fermentation to promote whey lactose hydrolysis. aspergillus oryzae and kluyveromyces lactis β-galactosidases were two enzymes selected and used in the co-fermentation of wheat and whey permeate for the comparison of their effectiveness on lactose hydrolysis. the pos ...201627693727
aoatg26, a putative sterol glucosyltransferase, is required for autophagic degradation of peroxisomes, mitochondria, and nuclei in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.autophagy is a conserved process in eukaryotic cells for degradation of cellular proteins and organelles. in filamentous fungi, autophagic degradation of organelles such as peroxisomes, mitochondria, and nuclei occurs in basal cells after the prolonged culture, but its mechanism is not well understood. here, we functionally analyzed the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae aoatg26, an ortholog of the sterol glucosyltransferase ppatg26 involved in pexophagy in the yeast pichia pastoris. deletion ...201727696999
genome mining and motif truncation of glycoside hydrolase family 5 endo-β-1,4-mannanase encoded by aspergillus oryzae rib40 for potential konjac flour hydrolysis or feed additive.two novel glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (gh5) β-mannanases (aoman5a and aoman5b) were identified from aspergillus oryzae rib40 by genome mining. the aoman5a contains a predicted family 1 carbohydrate binding module (cbm-1), located at its n-terminal. the aoman5a, aoman5b and truncated mutant aoman5aδcl (truncating the n-terminal cbm and linker of aoman5a) were expressed retaining the n-terminus of the native protein in pichia pastoris gs115 by ppic9k(m). the specific enzyme activity of the purifie ...201627702490
subcellular localization of acyl-coa binding protein in aspergillus oryzae is regulated by autophagy machinery.in eukaryotic cells, acyl-coa binding protein (acbp) is important for cellular activities, such as in lipid metabolism. in the industrially important fungus aspergillus oryzae, the acbp, known as aoacbp, has been biochemically characterized, but its physiological function is not known. in the present study, although we could not find any phenotype of aoacbp disruptants in the normal growth conditions, we examined the subcellular localization of aoacbp to understand its physiological function. us ...201627725156
fungal elicitors enhance ginsenosides biosynthesis, expression of functional genes as well as signal molecules accumulation in adventitious roots of panax ginseng c. a. mey.in this work, we selected three fungi strains (aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus and aspergillus oryzae) as elicitors prepared from mycelium or fermentation broth to improve ginsenosides production in adventitious roots culture. the results showed that ginsenosides production (29.90±4.67mgg(-1)) was significantly enhanced upon elicitation with 200mgl(-1)a. niger elicitor prepared from mycelium, which was 3.52-fold of untreated group. hplc-esi-ms(n) analysis was performed, showing that ginsen ...201627746309
a glycoprotein α-amylase inhibitor from withania somnifera differentially inhibits various α-amylases and affects the growth and development of tribolium castaneum.identification and characterisation of plant defensive molecules enrich our resources to design crop protection strategies. in particular, plant-derived proteinaceous inhibitor(s) of insect digestive enzymes appear to be a safe, sustainable and attractive option.201627770482
detailed analysis of targeted gene mutations caused by the platinum-fungal talens in aspergillus oryzae rib40 strain and a ligd disruptant.transcription activator-like effector nucleases (talens), which can generate dna double-strand breaks at specific sites in the desired genome locus, have been used in many organisms as a tool for genome editing. in aspergilli, including aspergillus oryzae, however, the use of talens has not been validated. in this study, we performed genome editing of a. oryzae wild-type strain via error of nonhomologous end-joining (nhej) repair by transient expression of high-efficiency platinum-fungal talens ...201727780671
valorization of by-products from palm oil mills for the production of generic fermentation media for microbial oil synthesis.this study demonstrates the production of a generic nutrient-rich feedstock using by-product streams from palm oil production that could be used as a substitute for commercial fermentation supplements. solid-state fermentations of palm kernel cake (pkc) and palm-pressed fiber (ppf) were conducted in tray bioreactors and a rotating drum bioreactor by the fungal strain aspergillus oryzae for the production of crude enzymes. the production of protease was optimized (319.3 u/g) at an initial moistur ...201627787766
deletion of afpab1 causes increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and hypovirulence in aspergillus fumigatus.aspergillus fumigatus afpab1 is the ortholog of the aspergillus oryzae cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein granules aopab1 that function to depress the initiation of translation during stress. a. fumigatus can regulate its cellular physiology in response to environmental stresses, but there has been no research on pab1 in a. fumigatus. the associated gene afpab1 was replaced with a hygromycin-selectable marker to generate the strain δafpab1. phenotypic analysis showed that the δafpab1 grew m ...201627801871
the construction and use of versatile binary vectors carrying pyrg auxotrophic marker and fluorescent reporter genes for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae is a safe mold widely used in food industry. it is also considered as a microbial cell factory for production of recombinant proteins and enzymes. currently, genetic manipulation of filamentous fungi is achieved via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation methods usually employing antibiotic resistance markers. these methods are hardly usable for a. oryzae due to its strong resistance to the common antifungal compounds used for fungal transformation. in this study, w ...201627804102
aflatoxin b1 detoxification by aspergillus oryzae from meju, a traditional korean fermented soybean starter.aflatoxins are classified as group 1 (carcinogenic to humans) by the international agency for research on cancer (iarc). in this study, a total of 134 fungal strains were isolated from 65 meju samples, and two fungal isolates were selected as potential aflatoxin b₁ (afb₁)-biodetoxification fungi. these fungi were identified as aspergillus oryzae mao103 and a. oryzae mao104 by sequencing the beta-tubulin gene. the two a. oryzae strains were able to degrade more than 90% of afb1 (initial concentra ...201627817189
comparison of the effects of dietary single and multi-probiotics on growth, non-specific immune responses and disease resistance in starry flounder, platichthys stellatus.an 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotics on growth performance and non-specific immune responses in starry flounder, platichthys stellatus. fish averaging 46.5 ± 0.65 g (mean ± sd) were fed one of the six experimental diets; one control (cont), and five other diets were prepared by supplementing single-probiotics 1 (bacillus subtilis; sp1, 2 × 10(9) cfu kg(-1) diet), single-probiotics 2 (bacillus licheniformis; sp2, 2 × 10(9) cfu kg(-1) diet), multi-pro ...201627818339
erratum to: japanese traditional dietary fungus koji aspergillus oryzae functions as a prebiotic for blautia coccoides through glycosylceramide: japanese dietary fungus koji is a new prebiotic.[this corrects the article doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-2950-6.].201627822443
enhanced production of fructosyltransferase in aspergillus oryzae by genome shuffling.to breed aspergillus oryzae strains with high fructosyltransferase (ftase) activity using intraspecific protoplast fusion via genome-shuffling.201727853895
simultaneous conversion of free fatty acids and triglycerides to biodiesel by immobilized aspergillus oryzae expressing fusarium heterosporum lipase.the presence of high levels of free fatty acids (ffa) in oil is a barrier to one-step biodiesel production. undesirable soaps are formed during conventional chemical methods, and enzyme deactivation occurs when enzymatic methods are used. this work investigates an efficient technique to simultaneously convert a mixture of free fatty acids and triglycerides (tag). a partial soybean hydrolysate containing 73.04% free fatty acids and 24.81% triglycerides was used as a substrate for the enzymatic pr ...201727860394
secretory expression, purification, characterization, and application of an aspergillus oryzae prolyl aminopeptidase in bacillus subtilis.cdna coding a prolyl aminopeptidase (pap) was cloned from aspergillus oryzae and over expressed in bacillus subtilis with a 6×his tag in n-terminus. the recombinant prolyl aminopeptidase was secreted to extracellular by adding 2 mm cacl2 and 5% d-sorbitol in tb medium; the enzyme activity in fermented supernatant increased from 7.2 to 41.5 u ml(-1). it has been purified 4.3-fold through ni-chelating affinity chromatography with a recovery of 47.3%. the purified enzyme is stable below 50 °c and w ...201627889870
co-metabolic degradation of β-cypermethrin and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by co-culture of bacillus licheniformis b-1 and aspergillus oryzae m-4.the degradation efficiency of organic contaminants and their associated metabolites by co-culture of microbes is mainly limited by toxic intermediates from co-metabolic degradation. in this study, we investigated the degradation of β-cypermethrin (β-cy) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-pba) by co-culture of bacillus licheniformis b-1 and aspergillus oryzae m-4, as well as the influences of β-cy and 3-pba metabolites on their degradation and the growth of strains b-1 and m-4. our results indicated th ...201627898684
analysis of the ionic interaction between the hydrophobin roda and two cutinases of aspergillus nidulans obtained via an aspergillus oryzae expression system.hydrophobins are amphipathic secretory proteins with eight conserved cysteine residues and are ubiquitous among filamentous fungi. in the fungus aspergillus oryzae, the hydrophobin rola and the polyesterase cutl1 are co-expressed when the sole available carbon source is the biodegradable polyester polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (pbsa). rola promotes the degradation of pbsa by attaching to the particle surface, changing its structure and interacting with cutl1 to concentrate cutl1 on the pbsa ...201727917435
mutational analysis of kex2 recognition sites and a disulfide bond in tannase from aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae tannase (aotana), which contains two kex2 recognition sites at positions arg311 and arg316, consists of two subunits that are generated by the cleavage of tannase gene product by the kex2 protease. based on the crystal structure of feruloyl esterase from aspergillus oryzae (aofaeb), which has been classified as a member of the fungal tannase family, the catalytic triad residues of aotana are predicted to be ser195, asp455, and his501, with the serine and histidine residues bro ...201727919681
rice koji extract enhances lipid metabolism through proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparα) activation in mouse liver.koji is made from grains fermented with aspergillus oryzae and is essential for the production of many traditional japanese foods. many previous studies have shown that koji contributes to the improvement of dyslipidemia. however, little is known regarding the underlying mechanism of this effect. furthermore, the compound contributing to the activation of lipid metabolism is unknown. we demonstrated that rice koji extract (rke) induces the mrna expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated rec ...201627934292
self-excising cre/mutant lox marker recycling system for multiple gene integrations and consecutive gene deletions in aspergillus oryzae.in this study, we developed a self-excising cre/loxp-mediated marker recycling system with mutated lox sequences to introduce a number of biosynthetic genes into aspergillus oryzae. to construct the self-excising marker cassette, both the selectable marker, the aspergillus nidulans adea gene, and the cre recombinase gene (cre), conditionally expressed by the xylanase-encoding gene promoter, were designed to be located between the mutant lox sequences, lox66 and lox71. however, construction of th ...201728011085
application of lectin array technology for biobetter characterization: its correlation with fcγriii binding and adcc.lectin microarray technology was applied to compare the glycosylation pattern of the monoclonal antibody mb311 expressed in sp2.0 cells to an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic effector function (adcc)-optimized variant (mb314). mb314 was generated by a plant expression system that uses genetically modified moss protoplasts (physcomitrella patens) to generate a de-fucosylated version of mb311. in contrast to mb311, no or very low interactions of mb314 with lectins aspergillus oryzae l-fucose ...201628029136
structural and catalytic properties of s1 nuclease from aspergillus oryzae responsible for substrate recognition, cleavage, non-specificity, and inhibition.the single-strand-specific s1 nuclease from aspergillus oryzae is an archetypal enzyme of the s1-p1 family of nucleases with a widespread use for biochemical analyses of nucleic acids. we present the first x-ray structure of this nuclease along with a thorough analysis of the reaction and inhibition mechanisms and of its properties responsible for identification and binding of ligands. seven structures of s1 nuclease, six of which are complexes with products and inhibitors, and characterization ...201628036383
invasive forms of candida and aspergillus in sputum samples of pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending the tuberculosis reference laboratory in ghaemshahr, northern iran: an analysis of samples collected during the past 10years.tuberculosis (tb) continues to be a major public health problem worldwide. this is especially true in northern iran, which has high tb prevalence. the chronic nature of this disease is further exacerbated if it is accompanied by fungal infection, which usually remains undiagnosed and thus untreated. thus, mycotic infections add fatal dimensions to pulmonary tb. our objective was to determine the prevalence of invasive forms of fungal elements in sputum samples collected from patients with pulmon ...201628043539
learning from oligosaccharide soaks of crystals of an aa13 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase: crystal packing, ligand binding and active-site disorder.lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) are a class of copper-dependent enzymes discovered within the last ten years. they oxidatively cleave polysaccharides (chitin, lignocellulose, hemicellulose and starch-derived), presumably making recalcitrant substrates accessible to glycoside hydrolases. recently, the first crystal structure of an lpmo-substrate complex was reported, giving insights into the interaction of lpmos with β-linked substrates (frandsen et al., 2016). the lpmos acting on α-l ...201728045386
a novel zn2-cys6 transcription factor atrr plays a key role in an azole resistance mechanism of aspergillus fumigatus by co-regulating cyp51a and cdr1b expressions.successful treatment of aspergillosis caused by aspergillus fumigatus is threatened by an increasing incidence of drug resistance. this situation is further complicated by the finding that strains resistant to azoles, the major antifungal drugs for aspergillosis, have been widely disseminated across the globe. to elucidate mechanisms underlying azole resistance, we identified a novel transcription factor that is required for normal azole resistance in aspergillus fungi including a. fumigatus, as ...201728052140
deletion of admb gene encoding a fungal adam affects cell wall construction in aspergillus oryzae.mammals possess a unique signaling system based on the proteolytic mechanism of a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (adams) on the cell surface. we found two genes encoding adams in aspergillus oryzae and named them adma and admb. we produced adma and admb deletion strains to elucidate their biological function and clarify whether fungal adams play a similar role as in mammals. the ∆adma∆admb and ∆admb strains were sensitive to cell wall-perturbing agents, congo red, and calcofluor white. moreo ...201728058997
cellular responses to the expression of unstable secretory proteins in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.filamentous fungi are often used as cell factories for recombinant protein production because of their ability to secrete large quantities of hydrolytic enzymes. however, even using strong transcriptional promoters, yields of nonfungal proteins are generally much lower than those of fungal proteins. recent analyses revealed that expression of certain nonfungal secretory proteins induced the unfolded protein response (upr), suggesting that they are recognized as proteins with folding defects in f ...201728064367
evaluation of pyrolysis oil as carbon source for fungal fermentation.pyrolysis oil, a complex mixture of several organic compounds, produced during flash pyrolysis of organic lignocellulosic material was evaluated for its suitability as alternative carbon source for fungal growth and fermentation processes. therefore several fungi from all phyla were screened for their tolerance toward pyrolysis oil. additionally aspergillus oryzae and rhizopus delemar, both established organic acid producers, were chosen as model organisms to investigate the suitability of pyrol ...201628066378
proteolysis in tempeh-type products obtained with rhizopus and aspergillus strains from grass pea (lathyrus sativus) seeds.tempeh is a food product obtained from legumes by means of solid-state fermentation with rhizopus sp. our previous research proved that mixed-culture inoculum may also be successfully applied. the objective of present research was to study the proteolytic activity of r. microsporus var. chinensis and a. oryzae during tempeh-type fermentation of grass pea seeds, and the effect of inoculum composition on the protein level and in vitro protein bioavailability in products.201728068010
microbial diversity during fermentation of sweet paste, a chinese traditional seasoning, using pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.the aim of this study was to elucidate the changes in the microbial community and biochemical properties of a traditional sweet paste during fermentation. pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis showed that aspergillus oryzae was the predominant species in the koji and the majority of the fungi isolated belonged to 2 zygosaccharomyces species in the mash. the bacterial dgge profiles revealed the presence of bacillus subtilis during fermentation, and lactobacillus acidipiscis, ...201728081358
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for rapid identification of fungal rhinosinusitis pathogens.filamentous fungi are among the most important pathogens, causing fungal rhinosinusitis (frs). current laboratory diagnosis of frs pathogens mainly relies on phenotypic identification by culture and microscopic examination, which is time consuming and expertise dependent. although matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) ms has been employed to identify various fungi, its efficacy in the identification of frs fungi is less clear.201728100314
biochemical characterization of thermostable β-1,4-mannanase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 134 from aspergillus oryzae.a β-1,4-mannanase, termed aoman134a, that belongs to the gh 134 family was identified in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. recombinant aoman134a was expressed in pichia pastoris, and the purified enzyme produced mannobiose, mannotriose, mannotetraose, and mannopentaose from galactose-free β-mannan, with mannotriose being the predominant reaction product. the catalytic efficiency (k cat/k m ) of aoman134a was 6.8-fold higher toward galactomannan from locust bean gum, than toward galactom ...201728105485
identification of a novel penicillium chrysogenum rhamnogalacturonan rhamnohydrolase and the first report of a rhamnogalacturonan rhamnohydrolase gene.rhamnogalacturonan (rg) i is one of the main components of pectins in the plant cell wall. we recently reported two rg i-degrading enzymes, endo-rg and exo-rg lyases, secreted by penicillium chrysogenum 31b. here, our aims were to purify a rg rhamnohydrolase (pcrgrh78a) from the culture filtrate of this strain and to characterize this enzyme. on the basis of the internal amino acid sequences, the encoding gene, pcrgrh78a, was cloned and overexpressed in aspergillus oryzae. the deduced amino acid ...201728110667
tolerance and stress response of sclerotiogenic aspergillus oryzae g15 to copper and lead.aspergillus oryzae g15 was cultured on czapek yeast extract agar medium containing different concentrations of copper and lead to investigate the mechanisms sustaining metal tolerance. the effects of heavy metals on biomass, metal accumulation, metallothionein (mt), malondialdehyde (mda), superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), and peroxidase (pod) were evaluated. cu and pb treatment remarkably delayed sclerotial maturation and inhibited mycelial growth, indicating the toxic effects of the m ...201728132138
effects of nonionic surfactants on pellet formation and the production of β-fructofuranosidases from aspergillus oryzae kb.aspergillus oryzae kb produces two β-fructofuranosidases (f1 and f2). f1 has high transferring activity and produces fructooligosaccharides from sucrose. mycelial growth pellets were altered by the addition of tween 20, 40 and 80 (hlb=16.7, 15.6 and 15.0, respectively) in liquid medium cultures to form small spherical pellets. the particle size of the pellets decreased with the hlb value, which corresponds to an increase in surfactant hydrophobicity. selective f1 production and pellet size were ...201728159248
synthesis of lactulose in batch and repeated-batch operation with immobilized β-galactosidase in different agarose functionalized supports.lactulose synthesis was done in repeated-batch mode with aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase immobilized in glyoxyl-agarose (ga-βg), amino-glyoxyl-agarose (am-ga-βg) and chelate-glyoxyl-agarose (che-ga-βg), at fructose/lactose molar ratios of 4, 12 and 20. highest yields of lactulose in batch were obtained with che-ga-βg (0.21, 0.29 and 0.32g·g(-1)) for 4, 12 and 20 fructose/lactose molar ratios respectively; when operating in 10 repeated batches highest product to biocatalyst mass ratios were ob ...201728160659
fed-batch operation for the synthesis of lactulose with β-galactosidase of aspergillus oryzae.fed-batch synthesis of lactulose from lactose and fructose with aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase was evaluated, obtaining a concentration of 40.4g·l(-1), which is 20% higher than obtained in batch, while the concentration of transgalactosylated oligosaccharides (tos) was reduced by 98%. therefore, selectivity of lactulose synthesis can be significantly higher by operating in fed-batch mode. the enzyme-limiting substrate mass ratio (e/s) is a critical variable in fed-batch operation. higher val ...201728162924
reaction kinetics and galactooligosaccharide product profiles of the β-galactosidases from bacillus circulans, kluyveromyces lactis and aspergillus oryzae.β-galactosidase enzymes are used in the dairy industry to convert lactose into galactooligosaccharides (gos) that are added to infant formula to mimic the molecular sizes and prebiotic functions of human milk oligosaccharides. here we report a detailed analysis of the clearly different gos profiles of the commercial β-galactosidases from bacillus circulans, kluyveromyces lactis and aspergillus oryzae. also the gos yields of these enzymes differed, varying from 48.3% (b. circulans) to 34.9% (k. l ...201728193420
positive and negative aspects of green coffee consumption - antioxidant activity versus mycotoxins.the quality of coffee depends not only on the contents of healthy compounds but also on its contamination with microorganisms that can produce mycotoxins during development, harvesting, preparation, transport and storage.201728195330
immobilization of aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase in an agarose matrix functionalized by four different methods and application to the synthesis of lactulose.aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase was immobilized in monofunctional glyoxyl-agarose and heterofunctional supports (amino-glyoxyl, carboxy-glyoxyl and chelate-glyoxyl agarose), for obtaining highly active and stable catalysts for lactulose synthesis. specific activities of the amino-glyoxyl agarose, carboxy-glyoxyl agarose and chelate-glyoxyl agarose derivatives were 3676, 430 and 454iu/g biocatalyst with half-life values at 50°c of 247, 100 and 100h respectively. specific activities of 3490, 25 ...201728214445
effect of magnesium acetate on the antimold activity of lactobacillus.the antimold activity of lactic acid bacteria (lab) is used in food biopreservation. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of magnesium acetate added to de man rogosa sharpe (mrs) medium on the antimold activity of three lab strains ( lactobacillus plantarum , lactobacillus brevis , and lactobacillus fermentum ) against molds contaminating food ( aspergillus oryzae , aspergillus niger , penicillium chrysogenum , fusarium avenaceum , and rhizopus arrhizus ) and their ability to produce ...201728221876
aos28d, a proline-xaa carboxypeptidase secreted by aspergillus oryzae.prolyl peptidases of the merops s28 family are of particular interest because they are key enzymes in the digestion of proline-rich peptides. a blast analysis of the aspergillus oryzae genome revealed sequences coding for four proteases of the s28 family. three of these proteases, aos28a, aos28b, and aos28c, were previously characterized as acidic prolyl endopeptidases. the fourth protease, aos28d, showed high sequence divergence with other s28 proteases and belongs to a phylogenetically distinc ...201728229206
mixed colonies of aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae cooperatively degrading wheat bran.in both natural and man-made environments, microorganisms live in mixed populations, while in laboratory conditions monocultures are mainly used. microbial interactions are often described as antagonistic, but can also be neutral or cooperative, and are generally associated with a metabolic change of each partner and cause a change in the pattern of produced bioactive molecules. a. niger and a. oryzae are two filamentous fungi widely used in industry to produce various enzymes (e.g. pectinases, ...201728232095
immobilization of laccase from aspergillus oryzae on graphene nanosheets.laccase enzymes of aspergillus oryzae were immobilized on graphene nanosheets by physical adsorption and covalent bonding. morphological features of the graphene sheets were characterized via microscopy techniques. the immobilization by adsorption was carried out through contact between graphene and solution of laccase enzyme dissolved in deionized water. the adsorption process followed a freundlich model, showing no tendency to saturation within the range of values used. the process of immobili ...201728237573
a comparative secretome analysis of industrial aspergillus oryzae and its spontaneous mutant zjgs-lz-21.aspergillus oryzae koji plays a crucial role in fermented food products due to the hydrolytic activities of secreted enzymes. in the present study, we performed a comparative secretome analysis of the industrial strain of aspergillus oryzae 3.042 and its spontaneous mutantzjgs-lz-21. one hundred and fifty two (152) differential protein spots were excised (p<0.05), and 25 proteins were identified. of the identified proteins, 91.3% belonged to hydrolytic enzymes acting on carbohydrates or proteins ...201728237882
functional expression of a novel α-amylase from antarctic psychrotolerant fungus for baking industry and its magnetic immobilization.α-amylase plays a pivotal role in a broad range of industrial processes. to meet increasing demands of biocatalytic tasks, considerable efforts have been made to isolate enzymes produced by extremophiles. however, the relevant data of α-amylases from cold-adapted fungi are still insufficient. in addition, bread quality presents a particular interest due to its high consummation. thus developing amylases to improve textural properties could combine health benefits with good sensory properties. fu ...201728245836
analysis of microbial diversity in shenqu with different fermentation times by pcr-dgge.shenqu is a fermented product that is widely used in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) to treat indigestion; however, the microbial strains in the fermentation process are still unknown. the aim of this study was to investigate microbial diversity in shenqu using different fermentation time periods. dgge (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) profiles indicated that a strain of pediococcus acidilactici (band 9) is the predominant bacteria during fermentation and tha ...201728256389
in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of talaromyces flavus sp5 inhabited in the marine sediment of southern coast of india.marine sediment samples were collected from the coastal areas of southern india, particularly in kanyakumari district. twenty-eight different fungal strains were isolated. the screening of fungi from marine sediment was done to isolate a potent fungus that can produce bioactive compounds for biomedical applications. only three strains viz trichoderma gamsii sp4, talaromyces flavus sp5 and aspergillus oryzae sp6 were screened for further studies. the intracellular bioactive compounds were extract ...201628262118
biosorption of copper (ii) from aqueous solutions by sclerotiogenic aspergillus oryzae g15.this study aimed at investigating the biosorption of the copper(ii) from aqueous solutions by sclerotiogenic aspergillus oryzae g15. potentiometric titration analysis results indicated that carboxyl group was mainly responsible for cu(ii) adsorption. sclerotia were superior biosorbent than mycelia, which could be ascribed to the higher amount of carboxyl sites exposed after differentiation. langmuir isotherm model fitted well the absorption process of mycelia and sclerotia with the maximum theor ...201728276318
high-efficiency extracellular release of free fatty acids from aspergillus oryzae using non-ionic surfactants.free fatty acids (ffas) are useful for generating biofuel compounds and functional lipids. microbes are increasingly exploited to produce ffas via metabolic engineering. however, in many microorganisms, ffas accumulate in the cytosol, and disrupting cells to extract them is energy intensive. thus, a simple cost-effective extraction technique must be developed to remove this drawback. we found that ffas were released from cells of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae with high efficiency whe ...201728300661
ovicidal effect of chitinase and protease enzymes produced by soil fungi on the camel tick hyalomma dromedarii eggs (acari:ixodidae).the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitinase and protease enzymes produced by environmentally safe soil fungi; aspergillus sp. nrc 4/5h; mucor sp. nrc 5; trichoderma sp. nrc 4/56; aspergillus sojae; mucor ranosisinus; aspergillus oryzae on embryo development of the camel tick hyalomma dromedarii eggs. the experiment was carried out on the 7 day aged eggs. concentrations of the chitinase and protease crude enzymes [1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 (v/v)] were prepared from six stock so ...201728316424
carbon and nitrogen depletion-induced nucleophagy and selective autophagic sequestration of a whole nucleus in multinucleate cells of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.autophagy is a conserved cellular degradation process in eukaryotes, in which cytoplasmic components and organelles are digested in vacuoles/lysosomes. recently, autophagic degradation of nuclear materials, termed "nucleophagy", has been reported. in the multinucleate filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae, a whole nucleus is degraded by nucleophagy after prolonged culture. while developing an h2b-egfp processing assay for the evaluation of nucleophagy in a. oryzae, we found that nucleophagy is e ...201728331162
cell wall α-1,3-glucan prevents α-amylase adsorption onto fungal cell in submerged culture of aspergillus oryzae.we have previously reported that α-amylase (taka-amylase a, taa) activity disappears in the later stage of submerged aspergillus oryzae culture as a result of taa adsorption onto the cell wall. chitin, one of the major components of the cell wall, was identified as a potential factor that facilitates taa adsorption. however, taa adsorption only occurred in the later stage of cultivation, although chitin was assumed to be sufficiently abundant in the cell wall regardless of the submerged culture ...201728356219
evaluating the effects of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation on antifungal and radical scavenging activities of oliveria decumbens and chaerophyllum macropodum essential oils.in this study, radical scavenging and antifungal activities of chaerophyllum macropodum and oliveria decumbens essential oils (eos) extracted with microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (mahd) were evaluated in comparison with the same eos extracted by conventional hydrodistillation (hd). the final eo yields that were obtained using hd (after 150 min) and mahd (after 45 min) were 1.72 and 1.67% for c. macropodum and 8.10 and 7.91% for o. decumbens, respectively. there were no significant differenc ...201728371590
quantitative evaluation of haze formation of koji and progression of internal haze by drying of koji during koji making.the construction of an experimental system that can mimic koji making in the manufacturing setting of a sake brewery is initially required for the quantitative evaluation of mycelia grown on/in koji pellets (haze formation). koji making with rice was investigated with a solid-state fermentation (ssf) system using a non-airflow box (nab), which produced uniform conditions in the culture substrate with high reproducibility and allowed for the control of favorable conditions in the substrate during ...201728373030
structural features of aspergillus niger β-galactosidase define its activity against glycoside linkages.β-galactosidases are biotechnologically interesting enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis or transgalactosylation of β-galactosides. among them, the aspergillus niger β-galactosidase (anβgal) belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 35 (gh35) and is widely used in the industry due to its high hydrolytic activity which is used to degrade lactose. we present here its three-dimensional structure in complex with different oligosaccharides, to illustrate the structural determinants of the broad speci ...201728391618
improved α-amylase production by dephosphorylation mutation of cred, an arrestin-like protein required for glucose-induced endocytosis of maltose permease and carbon catabolite derepression in aspergillus oryzae.aspergillusoryzae produces copious amount of amylolytic enzymes, and malp, a major maltose permease, is required for the expression of amylase-encoding genes. the expression of these genes is strongly repressed by carbon catabolite repression (ccr) in the presence of glucose. malp is transported from the plasma membrane to the vacuole by endocytosis, which requires the homolog of e6-ap carboxyl terminus ubiquitin ligase hula, an ortholog of yeast rsp5. in yeast, arrestin-like proteins mediate en ...201728455339
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