Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: ii. stocker systems. | fall weaned angus calves grazed stockpiled 1) tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.), 2) tall fescue-red clover (trifolium pratense l.), or 3) tall fescue-alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) or were barn-fed, 4) tall fescue hay, 5) orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.)-alfalfa hay, or 6) tall fescue silage from late october to early april during each of 5 yr. infection of the fescue with acremonium coenophialum ranged from 0 to 55%. there were two replications each of steers and heifers for each fora ... | 1992 | 1312526 |
| recombinant pollen allergens from dactylis glomerata: preliminary evidence that human ige cross-reactivity between dac g ii and lol p i/ii is increased following grass pollen immunotherapy. | we previously described the isolation of three identical complementary dna (cdna) clones, constructed from orchard/cocksfoot grass (dactylis glomerata) anther messenger rna (mrna), expressing a 140,000 mw beta-galactosidase fusion protein recognized by ige antibodies in atopic sera. partial nucleotide sequencing and inferred amino acid sequence showed greater than 90% homology with the group ii allergen from lolium perenne (lol ii) indicating they encode the group ii equivalent, dac g ii. wester ... | 1992 | 1526648 |
| [sensitivity and specificity of the determination of ige using chemiluminescence (cla allergy test)]. | we studied 80 patients. all patients underwent a thorough clinical evaluation, including a comprehensive study and physical examination of the ear, nose, throat and chest. each patient underwent prick testing and a nasal provocation test. in addition, blood was drawn for the allergen-specific ige test (rast) and total serum ige levels. we selected 11 allergens for this study: grass (dactylis glomerata-orchard grass, phelum pratense-timothy grass, lolium-raygrass), weeds (chenipodium, parietaria) ... | 1992 | 1509983 |
| replication and encapsidation of the viroid-like satellite rna of lucerne transient streak virus are supported in divergent hosts by cocksfoot mottle virus and turnip rosette virus. | cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus supports replication and encapsidation of the viroid-like satellite rna (sat-rna) of lucerne transient streak virus (ltsv) in two monocotyledonous species, triticum aestivum and dactylis glomerata. additionally, ltsv sat-rna replicates effectively in the presence of turnip rosette sobemovirus in brassica rapa, raphanus raphanistrum and sinapsis arvensis, but not in thlaspi arvense or nicotiana bigelovii, indicating that host species markedly influence this interactio ... | 1993 | 7682254 |
| nucleotide sequence of cdna encoding the group ii allergen of cocksfoot/orchard grass (dactylis glomerata), dac g ii. | cocksfoot/orchard grass (dactylis glomerata) anther cdna clones encoding the group ii allergen dac g ii were previously isolated on the basis of immunoreactivity of human, rabbit, and murine antibodies with a 24-kda protein expressed as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase. nucleotide sequencing reveals an open reading frame predicting expression of a 98-amino-acid (11-kda) polypeptide exhibiting > 90% homology with the group ii allergen of lolium perenne, lol p ii. in vitro translation of d ... | 1993 | 8116860 |
| influence of forage species and diet particle size on the passage of digesta and nylon particles from the reticulorumen of steers. | to assess factors that influence the passage of digesta from the reticulorumen, ruminally fistulated steers (387 kg) were fed to appetite in a 4 x 4 latin square design either orchardgrass (og) (dactylis glomerata l.) or switchgrass (sg) (panicum virgatum l.) hays. the two hays were fed in either the long form or ground to pass a 2-cm screen. steers fed og diets had greater dmi (p < .05) than steers fed sg diets (11.7 vs 10.4 kg/d respectively). particle size of ruminal digesta and feces determi ... | 1993 | 8226378 |
| an integrated, dynamic model of feed hydration and digestion, and subsequent bacterial mass accumulation in the rumen. | hydration of feeds and bacterial attachment to feed particles are thought to play major roles in rumen digestion of fibrous feedstuffs. the objective of the present study was to integrate these phenomena in a mechanistic model that could be used for data analysis. the proposed model was based on the conversion of biomass, where digestion end-products can be used for the synthesis of bacterial mass. digestion of the potentially digestible fraction and subsequent accumulation of bacterial mass was ... | 1993 | 8260474 |
| purification of human igg4 subclass with allergen-specific blocking activity. | blocking antibodies (bab) induced by allergen immunotherapy are restricted to the igg1 and igg4 subclasses, with igg1 predominating early and igg4 coming later. study of igg4 bab has been limited, in part, by the absence of a method to purify igg4. we describe a rapid immunoaffinity chromatographic method for the purification of that subclass from whole serum. starting serum (tr) contained 90 micrograms/ml dactylis glomerata (orchard grass) pollen (dgp)-specific igg4, measured by indirect elisa. ... | 1993 | 8409473 |
| in vivo assessment of mast cell functional alteration induced by l-leucine methyl ester, using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis technique. | we have recently reported that in vitro, mast cells were sensitive to the action of l-leucine methyl ester (leu-ome), a lysosomotropic compound. we now report the in vivo effect of leu-ome on mast cells, qualitatively assessed by using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (pca) reaction. the l- but not the d-stereoisomer of leu-ome (25 mm) injected together with dactylis glomerata, pollen-specific, ige-containing serum inhibited the pca reaction in rat skin triggered by a subsequent challenge with ... | 1993 | 8428165 |
| isotypic analysis of grass pollen-specific immunoglobulins in human plasma. 1. specialization of certain classes and subclasses in the immune response. | the specificity and isotypic profile of humoral immune responses to dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) pollen was studied by isoelectric focusing (ief)-immunoprint analysis using 26 human plasma samples with high levels of dactylis pollen-specific igg4 (igg4+ plasma) and 25 human plasma samples with low levels of specific igg4 (normal plasma). over 60 individual protein components in an aqueous pollen extract were separated by ief and immunoprinted onto nitrocellose (nc). following plasma incubation ... | 1993 | 8428167 |
| inhibition of sucrose:sucrose fructosyl transferase by cations and ionic strength. | fructans are storage carbohydrates found in many temperate grasses. the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of most fructans is sucrose:sucrose fructosyl transferase (sst). in this report, we demonstrate that k+ and ionic strength noncompetitively inhibit the activity of sst from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) stems. the ki for this inhibition is high, 122 mm, but in the range of concentrations of k+ found in the tissue (205-314 mm). addition of kcl to the assay system had no effect on the ph ... | 1993 | 12231714 |
| two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis with immobilized ph gradients of dactylis glomerata pollen allergens. | we studied orchard grass pollen allergens (dactylis glomerata) by a new two-dimensional electrophoretic technique which is the combination of isoelectric focusing (ief) in immobilized ph gradient (ipg) and horizontal sds-page. the ipg-dalt (two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with immobilized ph gradients in the first dimension) electrophoresis was made with four different but complementary ph gradients: 3-10.5, 4-9, 4-7, 6.3-10.5. we also compared the behavior of allergens in native and denatur ... | 1993 | 8400888 |
| comparison of three horizontal two-dimensional electrophoretic techniques to separate grass pollen allergens. | the identification and characterization of allergenic components are important for improving both diagnosis and therapy of allergy. we have studied grass pollen crude extract for better characterization of the allergen repertoire recognized by allergic patient ige antibodies. two-dimensional electrophoresis are the methods of choice to define physico-chemical characteristics of the allergens as they give isoelectric points and molecular mass of the analyzed samples. we compared the advantages an ... | 1994 | 8003933 |
| dmisa (dissociated membrane immunosorbent assay), a new elisa technique performed with blotted samples. | this study describes the use of electrophoretically purified antigens blotted onto nitrocellulose, as solid phase antigens for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. this procedure is called dmisa, for dissociated membrane immunosorbent assay. the method is illustrated using immunoblotted antigens of dactylis glomerata grass pollen extract. the band of interest was located on a print of nitrocellulose by light staining (india ink), then the corresponding strip of nitrocellulose was cut out. immedia ... | 1994 | 8308278 |
| influence of low temperature preincubation on somatic embryogenesis and ethylene emanation from orchardgrass leaves. | the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of low temperature (4 degrees c) preincubation on somatic embryogenesis from orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) leaf cultures and to relate these effects to ethylene emanation during the preincubation and incubation periods. experiments were also conducted with an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (aoa). segments from the innermost two leaves were cultured on sh medium with 30 micromoles dicamba at 4 degrees c for 1 t ... | 1994 | 11537966 |
| optimization and characterization of freeze-dried multilamellar liposomes incorporating different standardized allergen extracts. | desensitization therapy for type i allergy is now current practice. liposomes have been proposed as a support for allergens to improve safety and effectiveness. the aim of this work was to optimize liposomal formulations of three different standardized allergen extracts and to test their allergenicity in vitro and in a preclinical trial. allergen extracts (dactylis glomerata, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and cat hair and dander) were associated with multilamellar liposomes of varying composit ... | 1994 | 7653744 |
| isolation and characteristics of the protozoal and bacterial fractions from bovine ruminal contents. | four cows were fed once a day either a cocksfoot hay diet (h) or a diet consisting of 65% hay and 35% pelleted ground barley (hb). 15(nh4)2so4 was continuously infused into the rumen as a microbial marker and ruminal digesta samples were collected during the 24-h postprandial period for the isolation of liquid-associated protozoa and bacteria (lap, lab) and particle-associated bacteria (pab). there were marked differences between ruminal ph diurnal variations with diets h and hb. irrespective of ... | 1994 | 7730192 |
| seasonal asthma caused by airborne platanus pollen. | this work describes three patients suffering from bronchial asthma after being naturally exposed to airborne plane-tree pollen. the three patients gave immediate response in skin tests and dual response in bronchial provocations using platanus hybrida extract. there was specific seric ige activity against this/these antigen(s) with the cap system. the three patients also showed significant correlation (p < 0.001) between their rhinitis and asthma symptom-scores registered on their diary cards an ... | 1994 | 7889425 |
| evaluation of brassicas in grazing systems for sheep: i. quality of forage and animal performance. | four years of grazing trials were conducted with brassica forages to evaluate their chemical composition and effect on adg of fattening lambs and breeding ewes in late fall. brassicas tested included kales (brassica oleracea l. var. acephala dc), turnips (b. rapa l.), and a chinese cabbage hybrid (b. rapa l. x b. pekinensis [lour.] rupr.). daily gains of lambs varied widely among years (19 to 330 g/d); adg on brassicas were, however, generally higher than on stockpiled kentucky 31 tall fescue (f ... | 1994 | 7928762 |
| analysis of human t cell clones reactive with group v grass pollen allergens. | twenty-seven t cell clones (tcc) reactive with group v allergens of phleum pratense (phlp v) were established from the peripheral blood of 3 patients allergic to grass pollen. twenty-four tcc showed the helper cell phenotype cd3+, cd4+, cd8-; the remaining clones were cd3+cd4-cd8+. t cell recognition of phlp v was exclusively hla-dr restricted. many of the phlp v reactive tcc (19 of 27; 70%) were stimulated additionally by other group v allergens isolated from lolium perenne, poa pratensis, and ... | 1994 | 7981611 |
| digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and voluntary intake of ensiled crab waste-wheat straw mixtures fed to sheep. | crab waste and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) straw mixtures, ensiled with different additives, were evaluated in metabolism and palatability trials. crab waste and straw were mixed in proportions of 1:1, wet basis, with 20% water and different additives, and ensiled in 210-l metal drums double-lined with polyethylene bags. thirty crossbred wethers (40 kg initial bw) were fed a 1) basal diet consisting of 75% orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) hay and 25% concentrate, 2) ensiled crab waste-wheat ... | 1994 | 8181970 |
| t-cell epitopes of phl p 1, major pollen allergen of timothy grass (phleum pratense): evidence for crossreacting and non-crossreacting t-cell epitopes within grass group i allergens. | the use of peptides representing t-cell epitopes of allergens is a modern concept for improvement of specific immunotherapy. a prerequisite for this approach is the identification of t-cell epitopes of atopic allergens. | 1995 | 8543758 |
| spatial and temporal genetic variation in british field populations of the grain aphid sitobion avenae (f.) (hemiptera: aphididae) studied using rapd-pcr. | the grain aphid sitobion avenae (f.) was collected from winter wheat and adjacent cocksfoot grass at two locations in southern england and at four times in the year (april-july). genetic variation between individual aphids was then investigated using random amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction. individuals caught in wheat and cocksfoot during april provided very different and highly diagnostic banding patterns that were independent of location. this host-based genetic differentiab ... | 1995 | 8587889 |
| characterization of cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus genomic rna and sequence comparison with related viruses. | the genome of cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) is a positive-sense ssrna molecule of 4082 nucleotides as revealed by sequencing the entire genome. the 5'-untranslated region of the genome is 69 nucleotides and the 3'-untranslated region is 225 nucleotides in length. the coding region contains four open reading frames (orfs). the organization of cfmv orfs differs significantly from that of the previously sequenced sobemoviruses southern bean mosaic virus and rice yellow mottle virus. orf1 encodes a ... | 1995 | 7595389 |
| allergenic relationship between taxonomically diverse pollens. | skin tests and tests for ige antibodies show that subjects are usually sensitive to a number of different pollens, frequently from taxonomically diverse species which are assumed to be allergenically non-crossreactive. this suggests that the presence of ige antibody-reactivity to an individual pollen may not necessarily have resulted from contact with that pollen or even with a taxonomically closely related species. | 1995 | 8521178 |
| comparative studies of allergenic extracts prepared from freshly collected, dried, or dried and defatted pollen. | fresh pollen samples of parietaria judaica, betula pubescens, dactylis glomerata and olea europaea were collected and aliquot portions of these pollens were stored after drying in hot air, while other portions were dried and then defatted with diethylether. the different pollen materials were extracted with aqueous media to obtain the non-dialyzable allergenic protein constituents. review of the production data, together with comparative analyses of the uv-absorption spectra and of ige binding p ... | 1995 | 7582159 |
| the putative replicase of the cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus is translated as a part of the polyprotein by -1 ribosomal frameshift. | the polyprotein of cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus (cfmv) is encoded by two overlapping open reading frames (orf). the orf 2a codes for the putative vpg and serine protease and the orf 2b codes for the putative replicase. the consensus signals for a -1 ribosomal frameshifting event are found at the very beginning of the overlapping region of these orfs. the shifty heptanucleotide in cfmv is uuuaaac, and the secondary structure after the shifty sequence is predicted to be a stem-loop. in vitro trans ... | 1995 | 7886961 |
| enhancement of somatic embryogenesis in orchardgrass leaf cultures by epinephrine. | epinephrine at 10-100 μm stimulated somatic embryogenesis from orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) leaves cultured on sh medium with 30 μm of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa). ethylene emanation was increased at epinephrine concentrations greater than 10 μm. decarboxylation by the leaves of [1-(14)c]iaa included in the medium was decreased almost 3-fold by 10 μm epinephrine. epinephrine at 10 μm enhanced the number of regenerated plants on sh medium with 30 μm dicamba (sh-30). ethylene emanation was ... | 1995 | 24194312 |
| grass pollen immunotherapy induces highly cross-reactive igg antibodies to group v allergen from different grass species. | sera from two groups of patients receiving grass pollen immunotherapy were tested on igg reactivity with group v allergen from six different grass species. one group of patients was treated with a mixture of 10 grass species, and the other with a mixture of five. only lolium perenne, dactylis glomerata, and phleum pratense were present in both mixtures. although anthoxanthum odoratum and secale cereale were absent from the mixture of five, igg responses to ant o v and sec c v were comparable in ... | 1995 | 7677246 |
| growth, proline accumulation and water relations of nacl-selected and non-selected callus lines of dactylis glomerata l. | sodium chloride-tolerant calli were selected from leaf-derived embryogenic calli of dactylis glomerata l. on agar solidified medium supplemented with 200 mm nacl, a concentration lethal to non-selected calli. growth characteristics, water relations and proline accumulation pattern were compared in selected and non-selected lines. the objective was to gain an understanding of the mechanism(s) of tolerance in the nacl-tolerant line. growth in the selected line, as expressed in terms of tolerance i ... | 1995 | 11538458 |
| determination of sensitivity of inhalant allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in west athens. | in this study we have determined the sensitivity to inhalant (pollen and non-pollen) allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis from west athens, greece. the frequency of spt positivity was highest for dactylis glomerata, parietaria, olea europea, dermatophagoides and several moulds. | 1995 | 8919218 |
| an investigation of the differential performance of clones of the aphid sitobion avenae on two host species. | individuals of the grain aphid sitobion avenae were collected from wheat and cocksfoot stands around hampshire, uk, during march and april 1994. eight wheat and eight cocksfoot aphid clones were chosen on the basis of readily distinguishable rapd-pcr fingerprint profiles. the performances (weight, fecundity and survival) of successive generations of each of these clones were then carefully monitored in the laboratory as new generations of aphids were transferred either to winter wheat or to cock ... | 1995 | 28307595 |
| [olive pollinosis in japan]. | olive (olea europaes) is the most important allergic tree in the mediterranean area. that is widely distributed at syodoshima in japan. i observed olive pollination period and studied the patients with pollinosis. the patients were examined by skin test, measuring of specific ige antibody and nasal provocation test with olive pollen extract. allergic responses to olive pollen were found to be present in 16.3% of pollinosis patients. and cross-reactivity between olive and grass pollen (dactylis g ... | 1995 | 8857110 |
| effects of organic solvent extracts from herbage on feeding behavior in goats. | the effects of organic solvent extracts from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv. friend), orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l. cv. akimidori) andlolium ×festuca hybrid on the hay consumption of goats were measured by simple two-choice feeding assays. orchardgrass hay treated with methanol extracts (resuspended in water) of perennial ryegrass showed an increased intake by goats compared to untreated hay (p < 0.01). the palatability of hay tended to be slightly decreased by spraying it with p ... | 1996 | 24227483 |
| efficacy of intranasally applied dimethindene maleate solution as spray in adult volunteers with symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in the vienna challenge chamber. | twelve asymptomatic subjects (4 female, 8 male), being allergic to grass pollen proved by positive anamnesis, positive prick-test and positive nasal provocation test, were challenged under controlled conditions with purified airborne grass pollen of dactylis glomerata in the vienna challenge chamber (vcc), located at the universitätsklinik für hals-nasen-ohrenheilkunde, allgemeines krankenhaus (akh), der stadt wien, vienna (austria) by means of a double-blind, randomised, cross-over design, with ... | 1996 | 9125281 |
| cloning, sequencing and immunological characterization of dac g 3, a major allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. | preliminary work showed that a 14-kda allergen with a pi of 9 was recognized by more than 60% of sera from dactylis glomerata (dac g) pollen-allergic individuals. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this dac g allergen was determined by edman degradation and compared with that of lol p 3, a major allergen of lolium perenne. a sequence identity of 65% was found, suggesting that the dac g allergen could be the homologue of lol p 3 and therefore named dac g 3. we report the cloning and sequence a ... | 1996 | 8811075 |
| size-exclusion liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis of pollen allergens. | allergens from the pollen of phleum pratense, dactylis glomerata. arrhenatherum elatius, secale cereale, lolium perrene and festuca sp. were analysed by size-exclusion chromatography (sec) and capillary electrophoresis (ce). sec was used for the determination of the molecular masses of main allergens. a ce method, using either 150 mmol/l phosphoric acid (ph 1.8) or a micellar system consisting of 50 mmol/l sodium dodecyl sulphate-20 mmol/l borate (ph 9.35), was developed as a rapid and efficient ... | 1996 | 8798911 |
| influence of barley and buffer supplements on quantitative aspects of ruminal fiber digestion of cows. | four jersey cows, fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas, were used to assess the specific effects of changes in ruminal ph that were induced by barley addition to a hay diet on ruminal fiber digestion. cows received successively 100% unchopped cocksfoot hay (diet h), 65% hay and 35% pelleted ground barley (diet hb), and hb plus a continuous intraruminal infusion of bicarbonate salt solution (diet hbb). cows were limit-fed once daily at 7 kg of dm day-1. the ruminal fractional passage rate of ... | 1996 | 8767054 |
| isotypic analysis of grass pollen-specific antibodies in human plasma. 4. biological activity of allergen-specific and autoanti-ige antibody fractions on basophil histamine release. | blocking antibodies are defined as antibodies that compete with ige for binding to allergens due to their specificity for those allergens. thus, they may inhibit allergen-induced basophil and mast cell ige-dependent mediator release both in vivo and in vitro. | 1996 | 8955580 |
| characterization of dac g 4, a major basic allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. | monoclonal antibodies were produced against dac g 4, a purified major basic allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. their ability to be used for immunopurification of dac g 4 was studied on a biacore apparatus (pharmacia). the allergen was purified by affinity chromatography with one monoclonal antibody. its precise molecular mass, 59,185 +/- 30 d, was determined by mass spectrometry. its isoelectric point is 10.4. sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting show ... | 1996 | 8977507 |
| forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: iii. finishing systems. | fall-weaned angus calves grazed or were fed different forages during winter followed by 1) n-fertilized tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.) grazed alone, 2) bluegrass (poa pratensis l.)-white clover (trifolium repens l.) sequence grazed with tall fescue-red clover (trifolium pratense l.), or 3) bluegrass-white clover sequence grazed with alfalfa (medicago sativa l.)-orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.). heifers were supplemented with grain at 1% of bw from april until slaughter in july. on ... | 1996 | 8707721 |
| influence of sampling time and diet on amino acid composition of protozoal and bacterial fractions from bovine ruminal contents. | four ruminally cannulated cows were used to compare amino acid (aa) composition of protozoal and bacterial fractions as affected by sampling time and diet. cows were given once a day restricted feed (80% of ad libitum intake) of 7 kg dm with two successive diets. diet hb was 65% cocksfoot hay and 35% pelleted ground barley, and diet h was 100% cocksfoot hay. samples of whole ruminal contents were taken 2, 5, 8, 11, and 23 h after feeding for diet hb and 2 h after feeding for diet h to isolate th ... | 1996 | 8726749 |
| kinetics of cell-wall digestion of orchardgrass and alfalfa silages treated with cellulase and formic acid. | the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of cellulase (from trichoderma longibrachiatum) combined with formic acid, applied before ensiling, on the subsequent concentration and composition of the cell wall and on the extent and rate of in situ cell-wall digestion of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) and alfalfa (medicago sativa l.). treated and control forages of both plant species were ensiled for at least 60 d before being ruminally digested by two fistulated cows. analyse ... | 1996 | 9029359 |
| ruminal undegradability of blood meal and effects of blood meal on ruminal and postruminal digestion in steers consuming vegetative orchardgrass hay. | four crossbred steers (360 +/- 3 kg) cannulated at the rumen and duodenum were used in a 4 x 4 latin square design to examine the effects of supplemental blood meal (bm) on voluntary intake, digesta kinetics, ruminal fermentation, site and extent of digestion, and bacterial protein synthesis in steers fed vegetative orchardgrass hay (dactylis glomerata l.). the levels of bm supplementation were 0, .07, .13, and .20 kg/d. voluntary intake of om (8.35 kg/d) was not significantly affected by bm sup ... | 1997 | 9331885 |
| genetic structure of an aphid studied using microsatellites: cyclic parthenogenesis, differentiated lineages and host specialization. | in a previous study, samples of the grain aphid sitobion avenae (f.) were collected from wheat and adjacent cocksfoot hosts in a population thought to be primarily parthenogenetic, and dna from individual aphids was analysed with a multilocus technique. here we have applied single-locus microsatellites and a mitochondrial dna marker to a subset of the same dna extracts, and have made several additional inferences about important genetic and population processes in s. avenae. microsatellite analy ... | 1997 | 9394464 |
| evaluation of a mobile computerized grain feeder for lactating cows grazing grass pasture. | the objective of this study was to evaluate a mobile computerized grain feeder for use to feed individually holstein cows grazing grass pasture. thirty-two holstein cows averaging 95 d of lactation and 39.3 kg/d of milk were rotationally grazed on predominantly dactylis glomerata pastures for 9 wk starting in early may. cows were blocked according to parity, days of lactation, and milk yield. cows were randomly assigned to a control group in which cows were individually fed grain twice daily at ... | 1997 | 9436109 |
| effects of dietary supplementation on nutrient digestion and the milk yield of intensively grazed lactating dairy cows. | fourteen midlactation holstein cows were used in an 80-d study to examine supplementation strategies during intensive rotational grazing. factors examined were the concentration of protein in the supplement [12 or 16% crude protein (cp) on a dry matter basis] and the amount of supplement offered (6.4 or 9.6 kg/d per cow). the supplement was offered in equal portions three times daily after milking. pasture, composed of alfalfa (medicago sativa) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata), was divided ... | 1997 | 9436110 |
| variability in the pattern of random amplified polymorphic dna. | the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique is a simple method to detect dna polymorphism. it is sensitive to reaction conditions. small changes in the reactants' concentration cause variations in amplification products. using dna from asparagus officinalis, dactylis glomerata, mercurialis annua and escherichia coli, we examined variability in the amplification pattern associated with reaction constituents. an increase in the ratio of taq dna polymerase to dna in the reaction increased ... | 1997 | 9504820 |
| long-term responsiveness to free air co2 enrichment of functional types, species and genotypes of plants from fertile permanent grassland. | to test inter- and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to elevated co2, 9-14 different genotypes of each of 12 perennial species from fertile permanent grassland were grown in lolium perenne swards under ambient (35 pa) and elevated (60 pa) atmospheric partial pressure of co2 (pco2) for 3 years in a free air carbon dioxide enrichment (face) experiment. the plant species were grouped according to their functional types: grasses (l. perenne, l. multiflorum, arrhenatherum elatius, dacty ... | 1997 | 28307292 |
| gramineae pollen as trigger factors of atopic eczema: evaluation of diagnostic measures using the atopy patch test. | after contact with grass pollen, seasonal exacerbations of eczematous skin lesions have been described in a subgroup of patients with atopic eczema (ae). epicutaneous patch testing with aeroallergens (atopy patch test. apt) has been used to investigate these patients. we performed comparative apt in 79 patients with ae and 20 control subjects (14 non-atopic volunteers and six patients with grass pollen allergic rhinoconjunctivitis). subjects were tested with grass pollen allergen extract in petr ... | 1997 | 9292067 |
| cross-reactivity to olive tree pollen and orchard grass pollen in patients with pollinosis. | we studied 92 patients with allergic rhinitis in syodoshima, japan, during the pollen season between april and june to evaluate the cross-reactivity to different antigens, including pollen from the olive tree (olea europaea) and orchard grass (dactylis glomerata). olive tree pollen was present in the atmosphere for 23 days, from may 19 to june 12, 1994. specific ige antibodies for olive tree pollen antigen were present in 21 (26.9%) of the 78 patients with allergic rhinitis. nine (24.3%) of the ... | 1997 | 9227797 |
| spaceflight reduces somatic embryogenesis in orchardgrass (poaceae). | somatic embryos initiate and develop from single mesophyll cells in in vitro cultured leaf segments of orchard-grass (dactylis glomerata l.). segments were plated at time periods ranging from 21 to 0.9 d (21 h) prior to launch on an 11 d spaceflight (sts-64). using a paired t-test, there was no significant difference in embryogenesis from preplating periods of 14 d and 21 d. however, embryogenesis was reduced by 70% in segments plated 21 h before launch and this treatment was significant at p=0. ... | 1998 | 11541444 |
| effect of extreme walking conditions for dairy cows on milk yield, chemical composition, and somatic cell count. | thirty-two cows (16 montbeliardes and 16 tarentaises) in midlactation were used in an experiment utilizing a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. throughout the trial, cows received first-cutting cocksfoot hay for ad libitum intake supplemented with a fixed amount of concentrate that was individually adapted to the milk yield of each cow. during a 23-d experimental period, one group of cows walked 9.6 km/d; the other group of cows remained in the barn. cows that walked daily ate less hay ( ... | 1998 | 9594388 |
| detection and quantification of group 4 allergens in grass pollen extracts using monoclonal antibodies. | grass pollen extracts are complex mixtures consisting of different major allergenic and non-allergenic components. phl p 4 is an important allergen, because more than 75% of grass pollen allergic patients produce specific ige antibodies against group 4 allergens. | 1998 | 9720813 |
| supplementation of rumen-undegradable protein to the diets of early lactation holstein cows on grass pasture. | the objectives were to evaluate supplements differing in rumen-undegradable protein (rup) on the performance of early lactation cows on grass pasture. twenty-four holstein cows averaging 68 d of lactation and 39.8 kg/d of milk were rotationally grazed on predominantly dactylis glomerata pasture for 8 wk. cows were blocked according to parity, milk yield, and days of lactation and were randomly assigned to a grain mixture with a low or high rup content. pasture and the low and high rup grain mixt ... | 1998 | 9749386 |
| environmental priming influences allergen-specific nasal reactivity. | preceding mucosal response to one allergen leads to the priming of the nasal mucosal response to another allergen. this study aimed to determine whether environmental allergens, especially ubiquitous animal dander, can induce nasal priming. | 1998 | 9930593 |
| transpiration rates and canopy conductance of pinus radiata growing with different pasture understories in agroforestry systems. | we measured tree transpiration and canopy conductance in pinus radiata d. don at two low rainfall sites of differing soil fertility in canterbury, new zealand. at the more fertile lincoln site, we also assessed the effects of two common pasture grasses on tree transpiration and canopy conductance. at the less fertile eyrewell forest site, the effect of no understory, and the effects of irrigation in combination with mixtures of grass or legume species were determined. tree xylem sap flux (f(d)') ... | 1998 | 12651344 |
| meat quality of cryptorchid lambs grazing either dryland or irrigated perennial pasture with some silage supplementation. | the meat quality of lambs grazed on perennial pasture (ryegrass lolium perenne, cocksfoot, dactylis glomerata and white clover trifolium repens) was examined in three treatments; group 1 (s) lambs were grazed on dryland pasture for 30 days and then offered a supplement of pasture silage ad libitum until slaughter, 30 days later (n = 21). lambs in group 2 (p) were grazed on dryland pasture throughout (n = 28) and those in group 3 (ip) on irrigated pasture (n = 28). lambs in group ip had a signifi ... | 1998 | 22060577 |
| effect of plant species on the larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes which parasitise sheep. | faeces containing trichostrongylus colubriformis and/or ostertagia circumcincta eggs were used to provide four contaminations in each of 2 years on plots of browntop, yorkshire fog, ryegrass, tall fescue, lucerne, chicory, cocksfoot, white clover, and prairie grass and in the second year a mixed sward of ryegrass/white clover. third stage larvae were recovered from faeces and from four strata of herbage, 0-2.5, 2.5-5, 5-7.5 and > 7.5 cm above the soil surface at 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 14 weeks afte ... | 1998 | 9650060 |
| how far can we simplify in vitro diagnostics for grass pollen allergy?: a study with 17 whole pollen extracts and purified natural and recombinant major allergens. | current diagnostics for grass pollen allergy are composed of mixtures of pollen of different grass species. their complex composition hampers accurate standardization. | 1998 | 9723659 |
| [antigen specific immunoglobulin e to grass and weed pollens in the plasma of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis]. | the study involved 22 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis between 13 and 53 years of age. the level of antigen specific ige (as ige) to 5 grass and 3 weed pollens was determined with the use of cap feia (pharmacia, uppsala, sweden). the control group consisted of 20 persons. all above as ige were significantly higher in the patients with seasonal allergic rhinithis than in the control group. the most commonly present hypersensitivities were to meadow fescue (festuca elatior), meadow grass ( ... | 1999 | 10337158 |
| identification of genes encoding for the cocksfoot mottle virus proteins. | cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus (cfmv) has a monopartite single-stranded positive-sense rna genome. in wheat germ extract, in vitro translation of cfmv virion rna resulted in the production of four major proteins of 100, 71, 34 and 12 kda. in this paper we show the individual genes from which these polypeptides are synthesised. polyclonal antisera against the proteins encoded by all open reading frames (orfs) of cfmv were produced. antibodies were used to immunoprecipitate the in vitro translation ... | 1999 | 10486110 |
| a comparative analysis of extraction methods for the recovery of anguina sp. from grass seed samples. | four procedures were compared in their efficacy to extract juveniles of anguina agrostis from commercial grass seed. the procedures included those currently used by the state regulatory laboratories of oregon and california, as well as new tests developed to determine juvenile viability for the phytosanitary certification of fumigated grass seed. eleven seed lots of agrostis tenuis (bentgrass) and dactylis glomerata (orchardgrass) naturally infested with varying levels of juveniles of anguina we ... | 1999 | 19270928 |
| physicochemical and immunologic characterization of low-molecular-weight allergoids of dactylis glomerata pollen proteins. | orchard grass (dactylis glomerata) pollen proteins were chemically modified by means of acid anhydrides (maleic and succinic anhydride) to obtain low-molecular-weight allergoids. chemical modification in both cases led to the replacement of one positive charge (epsilon amino group of lys) by one negative charge, yielding proteins with changed physicochemical properties in comparison to the native orchard grass-pollen proteins. | 1999 | 10221435 |
| chloroplast dna variation in dactylis glomerata l. taxa endemic to the macaronesian islands | in the dactylis glomerata infraspecific polyploid grass complex, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) of chloroplast dna (cpdna) were studied in diploid and tetraploid populations of several taxa endemic to macaronesia (madeira and the canary islands) and in populations from the african and european continental areas closest to macaronesia. two chlorotypes, which differed by a single 290-bp length mutation, were observed in the macaronesian and the continental populations. chlorotyp ... | 1999 | 10620224 |
| dry matter allocation and nitrogen productivity explain growth responses to photoperiod and temperature in forage grasses. | the mechanisms responsible for fluctuations in species composition of semi-natural grassland are not well understood. to identify plant traits that determine the poor competitive ability of festuca pratensis compared to dactylis glomerata especially during summer, the growth of both grasses was monitored over time and at different temperatures and photoperiods. plants of both grasses were grown from seed with non-limiting nutrient supply at three day/night temperatures (11/6, 18/13 and 25/20°c) ... | 1999 | 28308353 |
| [investigations on the fermentation quality of silage from low-nitrate green forage]. | in 3-year-experiments green forage from dactylis glomerata and festuca species, produced by differentiated cutting frequencies, was ensiled under laboratory conditions. the forage was almost without nitrate. because of the higher content of water-soluble carbohydrates the fermentability coefficients of festuca species were above of dactylis glomerata. the fermentability coefficients of both plant species were inferior in the second and third cut, even if the first cut was delayed until july. des ... | 1999 | 10548978 |
| [in process citation] | the phyllochron of cocksfoot (dactylis glomerata l.) was studied over a 6-week period with two levels of nitrogen supply (0 and 150 kg ha-1) and three cutting regimes which mimic lenient (p), severe (s) and continuous (c) grazing. the phyllochron was highest for treatment with n supply and it decreased from the p to the c defoliation regimes. during the study period, the phyllochron and the sheath length throughout the successive leaves appeared to increase, except for the c treatments. these pa ... | 1999 | 10505244 |
| inhibition of the seasonal ige increase to dactylis glomerata by daily sodium chloride nasal-sinus irrigation during the grass pollen season. | 1999 | 10482855 | |
| substitution of mainly lysyl groups of the proteins in an extract of dactylis glomerata by succinic and maleic anhydrides. | 1999 | 10442536 | |
| fitting a regression model for genotype-by-environment data on heading dates in grasses by methods for nonlinear mixed models. | the analysis of agricultural crop variety trials is usually complicated by the presence of genotype-by-environment interaction. a number of methods and models have been proposed to tackle this problem. one of the most common methods is the regression approach due to yates and cochran (1938, journal of agricultural science 28, 556-580), in which performances of genotypes in the environments are regressed onto environmental means. the underlying regression model contains a multiplicative term with ... | 1999 | 11315057 |
| a simple method to determine leaf angles of grass species. | there are several very accurate methods to determine leaf angles in closed canopies. however, these are generally very time-consuming or require special equipment. average canopy leaf angles were derived from simple height and blade length measurements. an exponential relationship between the height/length ratio and the average blade leaf angle was used. the method was tested for two grass species, dactylis glomerata and festuca arundinacea, grown under different uv-b levels. the results clearly ... | 2000 | 10944161 |
| consequences of phenotypic plasticity vs. interspecific differences in leaf and root traits for acquisition of aboveground and belowground resources. | trade-offs between acquisition capacities for aboveground and belowground resources were investigated by studying the phenotypic plasticity of leaf and root traits in response to different irradiance levels at low nutrient supply. two congeneric grasses with contrasting light requirements, dactylis glomerata and d. polygama, were used. the aim was to analyze phenotypic covariation in components of leaf area and root length in response to above- and belowground resource limitation and the consequ ... | 2000 | 10719001 |
| differential effects of light quality, provided by different grass neighbours, on the growth and morphology of trifolium repens l. (white clover). | the ability to respond in a specific manner to different light conditions imposed by different species of grass is a major factor contributing to white clover persistence in pastures. gaps in a pasture provide light with a higher red:far-red ratio (r:fr) and higher photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd) than the light filtered through neighbours. white clover (trifolium repens l.) was grown under different light conditions in ways that tried to simulate as closely as possible some of the ligh ... | 2000 | 24595840 |
| respiratory costs and rate of protein turnover in the roots of a fast-growing (dactylis glomerata l.) and a slow-growing (festuca ovina l.) grass species. | protein turnover is generally regarded as one of the most important maintenance processes in plants in terms of energy requirements. in this study, the contribution of protein turnover to the respiratory costs for maintenance in the roots of two grass species, the fast-growing d. actylis glomerata l. and the slow-growing f. estuca ovina l., is evaluated. plants were grown under controlled-environment conditions in a nutrient solution to which no(3)- was added at a relative addition rate of 0.2 a ... | 2000 | 10948236 |
| rna-binding activities of cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus proteins. | cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) has a positive-sense ssrna genome containing four open reading frames (orfs). orf1 encoded protein (p1) is the putative movement protein; the product of orf2a (p2a) contains vpg and the motifs characteristic of serine proteases. p2b, encoded by orf2b, is the putative rna-dependent rna polymerase. p3, the coat protein, is encoded by orf3. cfmv p1, p2a, p2b, and p3, containing a six histidine tag at the amino terminus, were expressed in escherichia coli, purified and ... | 2000 | 10725552 |
| regulation of -1 ribosomal frameshifting directed by cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus genome. | the polyprotein of cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) is encoded by two overlapping open reading frames (orfs). the putative replicase of cfmv is produced as a part of the polyprotein from orf2b by the -1 ribosomal frameshifting mechanism. the signals leading to -1 ribosomal frameshifting directed by cfmv rna are the slippery heptamer uuuaaac and a stem-loop structure starting seven nucleotides downstream from the heptamer. we studied the effect of different parts of the cfmv genome on the -1 ribosom ... | 2000 | 10848968 |
| effect of level of whole cottonseed on intake, digestibility, and performance of growing male goats fed hay-based diets. | twenty-four purebred boer (capra hircus hircus) and 12 male kids of 1/2 boer breeding (initial bw 21 +/- .5 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design to study the effects of increasing level of whole cottonseed (wcs) on adg, serum urea n, plasma gossypol, live grades, and intake of dm, cp, ndf, adf, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, ether extract, and free gossypol. a subgroup of 16 purebred goats was used to determine digestibility using a 5-d total fecal collection. goats were blocke ... | 2000 | 10875652 |
| characterization of vpg and the polyprotein processing of cocksfoot mottle virus (genus sobemovirus). | the polyprotein of cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv; genus sobemovirus:) is translated from two overlapping open reading frames (orfs) 2a and 2b by a -1 ribosomal frameshifting mechanism. in this study, a 12 kda protein was purified from viral rna-derived samples that appears to correspond to the cfmv genome-linked protein (vpg). according to the determined n-terminal amino acid sequence, the vpg domain is located between the serine proteinase and replicase motifs and the n terminus of vpg is cleave ... | 2000 | 11038392 |
| secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of the fixation of 15n-labelled no in pollen grains. | we used secondary ion mass spectrometry to image cellular targets of nitrogen oxides (widespread air pollutants) in pollen grains of birch (betula verrucosa ehrh.) and cockfoot (dactylis glomerata l.). the pollen samples were exposed to air supplemented with high doses of 15no. the pollen grains were then fixed, dehydrated using a newly developed 'vapour phase' preparation method and embedded in lrw resin. semithin sections were then analysed. imaging was performed in scanning mode. as usual, th ... | 2000 | 10810006 |
| intake, digestibility, and composition of orchardgrass and alfalfa silages treated with cellulase, inoculant, and formic acid fed to lambs. | the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of a cellulase (from trichoderma longibrachiatum) alone or combined with a bacterial inoculant (lactobacillus plantarum and pediococcus cerevisiae) or formic acid on composition, intake, and digestibility of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) and alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silages. orchardgrass and alfalfa were harvested at the early heading stage and at the early bloom stage of maturity and wilted to approximately 22 and 32% dm, resp ... | 2000 | 11063325 |
| enzyme, bacterial inoculant, and formic acid effects on silage composition of orchardgrass and alfalfa. | we evaluated the effects of cellulase (from trichoderma longibrachiatum) application rates on neutral detergent fiber (ndf) concentration and fermentation products of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) and alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silages harvested with decreasing dry matter (dm) digestibility. additionally, the impacts of inoculant (lactobacillus plantarum and pediococcus cerevisiae), pectinase (from aspergillus niger), or formic acid on silage composition were studied. forages wilted to ... | 2000 | 10908057 |
| immunochemical characterization of two pichia pastoris-derived recombinant group 5 dactylis glomerata isoallergens. | grass pollen of the poaceae grasses are known to be highly allergenic. major allergens from the species lolium, phleum, poa and holcus have been cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins, but of the important species dactylis glomerata no recombinants are available. | 2001 | 11752876 |
| cell-to-cell movement of potato virus x involves distinct functions of the coat protein. | complementation of movement-deficient potato virus x (pvx) coat protein (cp) mutants, namely pvx.cp-xho lacking the 18 c-terminal amino acid residues and pvx.deltacp lacking the entire cp gene, was studied by transient co-expression with heterologous proteins. these data demonstrated that the potyvirus cps and both the major and minor cps of beet yellows closterovirus could complement cell-to-cell movement of pvx.cp-xho but not pvx.deltacp. these data also indicated that the c-terminally truncat ... | 2001 | 11161285 |
| accumulation of metals in vegetation from an alkaline artificial soil. | this research was conducted to determine whether elevated concentrations of metals in biosolids would result in increased accumulation of these metals in plants growing on an alkaline, artificial soil created by addition of municipal sewage biosolids to inorganic waste materials during reclamation of a filled lime settling basin. accumulation of metals in vegetation growing on this alkaline, artificial soil was compared with accumulation in vegetation growing on a natural, reference soil that ha ... | 2001 | 11381785 |
| identification of seed gall nematodes of agronomic and regulatory concern with pcr-rflp of its1. | a molecular analysis of eight described species of seed gall nematode, along with six undescribed isolates from different hosts, has revealed a strong association between nucleotide sequence polymorphism and host status. each anguinid nematode associated with a unique host produced a unique pcr-rflp pattern for the its1 region. anguina species that had been synonymized in the past, anguina agrostis, a. funesta, and a. wevelli (afrina wevelli), were readily discriminated. two undescribed species ... | 2001 | 19265880 |
| poaceae in the natural diet of the snail helix aspersa müller (gastropoda, pulmonata). | the natural diet of helix aspersa was studied in two populations by analysing faeces. picris echioides, carduus tenuifloris, urtica dioica, galium molugo (dicotyledons) and poaceae (monocotyledons) were the principal resources of the studied populations. the species of poaceae ingested by helix aspersa in july were determined by analysing the phytoliths present in the faeces. festuca rubra, dactylis glomerata and bromus hordeaceus seemed to be attractive for the snails whereas elytrigia repens w ... | 2001 | 11725705 |
| growth in elevated co(2) can both increase and decrease photochemistry and photoinhibition of photosynthesis in a predictable manner. dactylis glomerata grown in two levels of nitrogen nutrition. | biochemically based models of c(3) photosynthesis can be used to predict that when photosynthesis is limited by the amount of rubisco, increasing atmospheric co(2) partial pressure (pco(2)) will increase light-saturated linear electron flow through photosystem ii (j(t)). this is because the stimulation of electron flow to the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle (j(c)) will be greater than the competitive suppression of electron flow to the photorespiratory carbon oxidation cycle (j(o)). where ... | 2001 | 11706199 |
| a new attempt to study biomineralised silica bodies in dactylis glomerata l. | the accumulation process of inorganic compounds in animals and plants by biomineralisation is not well understood nowadays, though it may be the key to an environmental-compatible production of modern materials in future. in this paper a new attempt will be made on the investigation of silica accumulation in grasses (especially dactylis glomerata l.). the silicic acid agglomerates in dactylis glomerata l. were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive ... | 2002 | 12397507 |
| drought survival, summer dormancy and dehydrin accumulation in contrasting cultivars of dactylis glomerata. | to study survival under prolonged and severe drought in the perennial grass dactylis glomerata we compared dormant, resistant and sensitive cultivars (cvs.) in both field and glasshouse experiments. water status, membrane stability and expression of dehydrins were assessed in the immature leaf bases, which are the last surviving organs. analysis of leaf elongation and senescence of aerial tissues showed that dormancy was exhibited by the potentially dormant cultivar (cv.) only in the field. this ... | 2002 | 12207661 |
| the contribution of roots and shoots to whole plant nitrate reduction in fast- and slow-growing grass species. | the hypothesis was tested that slow-growing grass species perform a greater proportion of total plant no3- reduction in their roots than do fast-growing grasses. eight grass species were selected that differed in maximum relative growth rate (rgr) and net no3- uptake rate (nnur). plants were grown with free access to nutrients in hydroponics under controlled-environment conditions. the site of in vivo no3- reduction was assessed by combining in vivo no3- reductase activity (nra) assays with biom ... | 2002 | 12096102 |
| a model of lamina digestibility of orchardgrass as influenced by nitrogen and defoliation. | the morphogenesis of grass-sward regrowth drives the relationship between sward management effects and herbage digestibility. our objective was to create a model of herbage digestibility for a range of n fertilizer levels and defoliation practices on the basis of changes in vegetative grass tiller structure rather than on dates of cutting or grazing. an experiment was conducted for two spring and two summer regrowths to examine the digestibility of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) whole lami ... | 2002 | 11756277 |
| supplementation with partially hydrogenated oil in grazing dairy cows in early lactation. | effects of partially hydrogenated oil on performance, loss of body weight and body condition score, and blood metabolite and hormone concentrations were evaluated in 37 multiparous holstein cows in grazing conditions during the first 100 d of lactation. six additional holstein cows, each fitted with a ruminal cannula, were allocated to a replicated 3 x 3 latin square to evaluate effects of supplemental fat on rumen environment and pasture digestion. all cows grazed mixed pastures based on alfalf ... | 2002 | 11949863 |
| the complete sequence of the genome of cocksfoot streak virus (csv), a grass infecting potyvirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of cocksfoot streak virus (csv) has been determined. the viral genome comprises 9663 nucleotides, excluding a 3'-terminal poly(a) sequence. the genome of csv has a 133 nt 5'-non coding and a 260 nt 3'-non coding region. the rna of csv encodes a single polyprotein of 3089 amino acid residues and has a deduced genome organization typical for a member of the family potyviridae. csv is transmissible by aphids and has a narrow host range in the gramineae. it was compa ... | 2002 | 12181676 |
| roles of the plasma membrane and the cell wall in the responses of plant cells to freezing. | in an effort to clarify the responses of a wide range of plant cells to freezing, we examined the responses to freezing of the cells of chilling-sensitive and chilling-resistant tropical and subtropical plants. among the cells of the plants that we examined, those of african violet ( saintpaulia grotei engl.) leaves were most chilling-sensitive, those of hypocotyls in mungbean [ vigna radiata (l.) r. wilcz.] seedlings were moderately chilling-sensitive, and those of orchid [ paphiopedilum insign ... | 2002 | 12244442 |
| seedling development and field performance of prairiegrass, grazing bromegrass, and orchardgrass. | seedling establishment is a critical phase in pasture management. knowledge of the seedling development of new forages is necessary to develop management practices and recommend species mixtures for pasture seedings. we compared seedling growth and development of prairiegrass (bromus willdenowii kunth = b. catharticus vahl), grazing bromegrass (b. stamineus desv.), and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) in controlled environment and field studies. seedlings were sampled weekly for 7 wk in the ... | 2002 | 11756278 |
| species and nitrogen effect on growth rate, tiller density, and botanical composition in grass hay production. | numerous studies have evaluated growth, stand dynamics, and botanical composition of grass swards separately, but little information is available on the interaction of these factors. the objectives of this study were to determine the response of growth rate, tiller density, and botanical composition in orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.), smooth bromegrass (bromus inermis leyss.), and timothy (phleum pratense l.) to different n levels. growth rates ranged from 8.6 to 1.54, 9.14 to 0.67, and 4.1 ... | 2002 | 11756276 |
| supplemental carbohydrate sources for lactating dairy cows on pasture. | two experiments were conducted to evaluate steam-flaked corn and nonforage fiber sources as supplemental carbohydrates for lactating dairy cows on pasture. cows were allotted to a new paddock of an orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) pasture twice daily in one group in both trials. in experiment 1, 28 holstein cows, averaging 216 d in milk, were randomly assigned to either a cracked-corn (cc) or a steam-flaked (sfc) supplement in a split plot design. the supplement contained 66.7% of corn and a ... | 2003 | 12703627 |
| the three-dimensional structure of cocksfoot mottle virus at 2.7 a resolution. | cocksfoot mottle virus is a plant virus that belongs to the genus sobemovirus. the structure of the virus has been determined at 2.7 a resolution. the icosahedral capsid has t = 3 quasisymmetry and 180 copies of the coat protein. except for a couple of stacked bases, the viral rna is not visible in the electron density map. the coat protein has a jelly-roll beta-sandwich fold and its conformation is very similar to that of other sobemoviruses and tobacco necrosis virus. the n-terminal arm of one ... | 2003 | 12781716 |
| effect of soil type and fertilization level on mineral concentration of pasture: potential relationships to ruminant performance and health. | a three-year study was conducted to measure the effects of varying levels of dairy slurry application on mineral concentration of forages from three soils types. slurry was applied to orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata [l.] cv. pennlate) growing in 60-cm diameter drainage lysimeters to measure the effect of four levels of slurry (urine and feces) n application (0, 168, 336, and 672 kg of n.ha-1.yr-1) on mineral (p, k, ca, mg) concentration of the forage on three soil types (hagerstown, hartleton, ... | 2003 | 12817509 |