| nitrate and nitrite in vegetables from north china: content and intake. | the contents of nitrate and nitrite in potato, cabbage, chinese cabbage, scallion (shallot), celery, cucumber, tomato, eggplant and wax gourd taken from the north china market from 1998 to 1999 were determined. these vegetables provide the major contribution to the nitrate intake from the diet. the highest content of nitrate was found in celery followed by chinese cabbage, cabbage, scallion, wax gourd and eggplant. for all the products, a great variation in the content of nitrate was found. gene ... | 2002 | 12623672 |
| molecular diversity of turncurtoviruses in iran. | turnip curly top virus (tctv) is the only member of the newly established genus turncurtovirus (family geminiviridae). as part of an ongoing study to identify additional plant hosts and the diversity of turncurtoviruses, between 2012 and 2014, we sampled symptomatic turnip plants and other crops in the provinces fars and khorasan razavi (southern and northeastern iran, respectively). infection by turncurtoviruses was tested by pcr and/or rolling-circle amplification (rca) coupled with restrictio ... | 2016 | 26611911 |
| slicing and binding by ago3 or aub trigger piwi-bound pirna production by distinct mechanisms. | in drosophila ovarian germ cells, piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) direct aubergine and argonaute3 to cleave transposon transcripts and instruct piwi to repress transposon transcription, thereby safeguarding the germline genome. here, we report that rna cleavage by argonaute3 initiates production of most piwi-bound pirnas. we find that the cardinal function of argonaute3, whose pirna guides predominantly correspond to sense transposon sequences, is to produce antisense pirnas that direct transcrip ... | 2015 | 26340424 |
| the three lineages of the diploid hybrid verticillium longisporum differ in virulence and pathogenicity. | verticillium longisporum is an economically important vascular pathogen of brassicaceae crops in different parts of the world. v. longisporum is a diploid hybrid that consists of three different lineages, each of which originated from a separate hybridization event between two different sets of parental species. we used 20 isolates representing the three v. longisporum lineages and the relative v. dahliae, and performed pathogenicity tests on 11 different hosts, including artichoke, cabbage, cau ... | 2015 | 25585057 |
| leaf morphological characters can be a factor for intra-varietal preference of whitefly bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) among eggplant varieties. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) meam1, is considered a serious pest of horticultural and many other crops. while eggplant (solanum melongena) is one of the most favored host plants, the whiteflies exhibit preferences among different varieties. we hypothesized that certain morphological leaf characteristics of different varieties, like leaf trichome density, trichome length, leaf lamina thickness and leaf color, may affect whitefly landing, feeding and ovipositio ... | 2016 | 27081849 |
| traffic-related trace element fate and uptake by plants cultivated in roadside soils in toronto, canada. | this research examines traffic-related trace element emissions and their uptake by plants grown in urban roadside environments in toronto, canada. oregano (origanum vulgare), beets (beta vulgaris) and eggplants (solanum melongena) were cultivated at four locations with variable traffic-related metal inputs in 2010. the top 30 cm of soil at the medium-traffic location was first replaced with a triple mix soil (topsoil, compost and peat) to control for pre-existing contamination. the same soil was ... | 2013 | 23178768 |
| genome wide screening of rnai factors of sf21 cells reveal several novel pathway associated proteins. | rna interference (rnai) leads to sequence specific knock-down of gene expression and has emerged as an important tool to analyse gene functions, pathway analysis and gene therapy. although rnai is a conserved cellular process involving common elements and factors, species-specific differences have been observed among different eukaryotes. identification of components for rnai pathway is pursued intensively and successful genome-wide screens have been performed for components of rnai pathways in ... | 2014 | 25199785 |
| nitrate and nitrite content in organically cultivated vegetables. | the nitrate and nitrite content of leaf vegetables (swiss chard, sea beet, spinach and cabbage), "inflorescence" vegetables (cauliflower) and fruit vegetables (eggplant and vegetable marrow) grown with organic fertilizers have been determined by a modified cadmium–griess method. samples were purchased from organic food stores as well as collected directly from an organic farm in madrid (spain). nitrate levels were much higher in the leaf vegetables (especially swiss chard species; average over t ... | 2010 | 24785312 |
| changes in soil bacterial community structure as a result of incorporation of brassica plants compared with continuous planting eggplant and chemical disinfection in greenhouses. | greenhouse eggplant monocropping in china has contributed to the aggravation of soil-borne diseases, reductions in crop quality and yield, and the degradation of physical and chemical soil properties. crop rotation is one effective way of alleviating the problems of continuous cropping worldwide; however, few studies have reported changes in soil bacterial community structures and physical and chemical soil properties after brassica vegetables had been rotated with eggplant in greenhouses. in th ... | 2017 | 28346463 |
| occurrence and characterization of hypovirulence in the tan sclerotial isolate s10 of sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | spontaneously-occurring hypovirulence in the tan sclerotial isolate s10 of sclerotinia sclerotiorum from sunflower in canada was characterized and compared to another hypovirulent isolate ep-1pn of s. sclerotiorum from eggplant in china. hypovirulent isolates derived from s10 were purified by single hyphal tip isolations from colonies of s10 showing abnormal growth on potato dextrose agar (pda) and tested for pathogenicity on leaves of canola (brassica napus cv. 'westar'). these abnormal isolate ... | 2003 | 15000237 |
| effect of brick kiln emissions on commonly used vegetables of kashmir valley. | to study the impact of brick kiln emissions on plant growth and productivity, a study was conducted on various biochemical parameters of three main vegetables brassica oleracea l., phaseolus vulgaris l., and solanum melongena l. cultivated in the vicinity of the brick kiln area of the panzan village of district budgam (j&k). plants in the vicinity of brick kilns are direct recipients of emissions and therefore important materials for assessing potential effects of kiln pollutants. the biochemica ... | 2015 | 26788302 |
| acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated co(2) in five c(3) species. | the effect of long-term (weeks to months) co(2) enhancement on (a) the gas-exchange characteristics, (b) the content and activation state of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco), and (c) leaf nitrogen, chlorophyll, and dry weight per area were studied in five c(3) species (chenopodium album, phaseolus vulgaris, solanum tuberosum, solanum melongena, and brassica oleracea) grown at co(2) partial pressures of 300 or 900 to 1000 microbars. long-term exposure to elevated co(2) affected the ... | 1989 | 16666587 |
| radiation preservation of foods of plant origin. part vi. mushrooms, tomatoes, minor fruits and vegetables, dried fruits, and nuts. | in this concluding article in the series on the technological feasibility of ionizing radiation treatment for shelf life improvement of fruits and vegetables, the present status of research on several commodities that have not been dealt with earlier is discussed. the commodities include mushrooms, tomatoes, pineapples, lychees, longans, rambutans, mangostenes, guavas, sapotas, loquats, ber, soursops, passion fruits, persimmons, figs, melons, cucumbers, aubergines, globe artichokes, endives, let ... | 1988 | 3280249 |
| teppeki, selective insecticide about bombus terrestris. | at a time when a highly controversial debate about the causes of the widespread deaths of bees is taking place all over europe, which accused the agriculture and its practices with particular reference to the harmful effects of some insecticides, it seems important to point out as another insecticide, the teppeki, can be selective about bumble and have a good compatibility with the activity of the apiaries. this insecticide has the active ingredient flonicamid (500 g/kg) belonging to a new chemi ... | 2009 | 20222598 |
| the evaluation of food allergy on behavior in autistic children. | despite many efforts, the etiology of autism remains unknown. food allergy has been suggested as a pathogenic factor in autism spectrum disorder (asd). our aim in this study was to determine whether food allergy could be considered as a risk factor for autistic children. | 2012 | 26989707 |
| mutations to the pirna pathway component aubergine enhance meiotic drive of segregation distorter in drosophila melanogaster. | diploid sexual reproduction involves segregation of allelic pairs, ensuring equal representation of genotypes in the gamete pool. some genes, however, are able to "cheat" the system by promoting their own transmission. the segregation distorter (sd) locus in drosophila melanogaster males is one of the best-studied examples of this type of phenomenon. in this system the presence of sd on one copy of chromosome 2 results in dysfunction of the non-sd-bearing (sd(+)) sperm and almost exclusive trans ... | 2013 | 23267055 |
| synthesis of theaflavin from epicatechin and epigallocatechin by plant homogenates and role of epicatechin quinone in the synthesis and degradation of theaflavin. | oxidation products of (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin by treatment with homogenates of 62 plants belonging to 49 families were compared. forty-six plants were capable of synthesizing theaflavin, a black tea pigment, regardless of whether they contained catechins. loquat, japanese pear, and blueberry had activities higher than that of fresh tea leaves after 5 h of treatment; furthermore, these plants oxidized theaflavin to theanaphthoquinone. an additional new metabolite, dehydrotheasine ... | 2002 | 11902970 |
| cloning and bioinformatic analysis of full-length novel pepper (capsicum annuum) genes taf10 and taf13. | we isolated two tata-binding protein-associated factor (taf) genes, taf10 and taf13, from pepper (capsicum annuum). the complete coding sequences were amplified using reverse transcriptase-pcr on the basis of conserved sequence information of eggplant and several other plant species. nucleotide sequence analysis of these two genes revealed that the pepper taf10 gene encodes a protein of 103 amino acids that belongs to the taf10 superfamily. the pepper taf10 gene was highly expressed in the peric ... | 2013 | 24391043 |
| life history and life tables of bactericera cockerelli (homoptera: psyllidae) on eggplant and bell pepper. | the development, survivorship, and fecundity of the potato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli (sulc), fed on eggplant (solanum melongena l., variety special hibush) and bell pepper (capsicum annuum l., variety capsitrano) were studied in the laboratory at 26.7 +/- 2 degrees c, 70 +/- 5% rh, and at a photoperiod of 14:10 (l:d) h. immature b. cockerelli developed faster (24.1 d) when fed on eggplant than on bell pepper (26.2 d). survival rates of immature stages from egg to adult emergence were highe ... | 2009 | 20021762 |
| weed management in solanaceae crops in portugal. | portugal has very good climatic-edafic conditions for solanaceae crops, regarding to either yield quality or quantity. tomato (lycopersicon esculentum miller.), potato (solanum tuberosum l.) and pepper (capsicum annuum l.) are the most social-economically important solanaceae and aubergine (solanum melongena l.) area of cultivation is increasing. tomato is cultivated for fresh consumption and, primarily, for industrial processing. is one of the most profitable vegetable crop and the main vegetab ... | 2008 | 19226844 |
| qtl analysis of plant development and fruit traits in pepper and performance of selective phenotyping. | a qtl analysis was performed to determine the genetic basis of 13 horticultural traits conditioning yield in pepper (capsicum annuum). the mapping population was a large population of 297 recombinant inbred lines (ril) originating from a cross between the large-fruited bell pepper cultivar 'yolo wonder' and the small-fruited chilli pepper 'criollo de morelos 334'. a total of 76 qtls were detected for 13 fruit and plant traits, grouped in 28 chromosome regions. these qtls explained together betwe ... | 2009 | 19219599 |
| development of a real-time pcr method for the differential detection and quantification of four solanaceae in gmo analysis: potato (solanum tuberosum), tomato (solanum lycopersicum), eggplant (solanum melongena), and pepper (capsicum annuum). | the labeling of products containing genetically modified organisms (gmo) is linked to their quantification since a threshold for the presence of fortuitous gmos in food has been established. this threshold is calculated from a combination of two absolute quantification values: one for the specific gmo target and the second for an endogenous reference gene specific to the taxon. thus, the development of reliable methods to quantify gmos using endogenous reference genes in complex matrixes such as ... | 2008 | 18303841 |
| anthocyanins, colour and antioxidant properties of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and violet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) peel extracts. | acetone extracts from eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and violet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) peels both belonging to the solanaceae plant family were characterized with respect to their anthocyanin profiles, colour qualities and antioxidant capacities. according to hplc-dad-ms3 analyses the major anthocyanin in eggplant was delphinidin-3-rutinoside, while the predominant pigment in violet pepper was assigned to delphinidin-3-trans-coumaroylrutinoside-5-glucoside. since virtually all anthocyanins ... | 2009 | 16989312 |
| determination of cadmium and lead in vegetables by stripping chronopotentiometry. | a method for the determination of cadmium and lead in vegetables by stripping chronopotentiometric analysis, after digestion of the sample with concentrated sulphuric acid and dry-ashing, is described. metal ions were concentrated as their amalgams on a glassy carbon-working electrode previously coated with a thin mercury film and then stripped by a suitable oxidant. potential and time data were digitally derived and e was plotted versus dt/de(-1), thus increasing both the sensitivity of the met ... | 2004 | 15204545 |
| plant hydraulic conductance measured by the high pressure flow meter in crop plants. | a new high pressure flow meter (hpfm) method for measuring plant hydraulic conductances (k) was investigated to examine whether its results are comparable to those from a conventional evaporative flux (ef) method in crops. hydraulic conductance (k) was measured by the two methods under quasi-steady-state conditions in six crops grown in pots: soybean (glycine max l. merr. cv. tsurunoko daizu), sunflower (helianthus annuus l. cv. russian mammoth), kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. cv. tsurunashi ... | 2000 | 10938875 |
| a molecular marker for in situ genetic resource conservation of capsicum annuum var. acuminatum (solanaceae). | the thailand cultivar pepper 'phrik man bangchang' (capsicum annuum var. acuminatum, solanaceae) was originally cultivated in the bangchang subdistrict, amphawa district in samut songkhram province. the cultivated areas are limited; we verified its distribution in thailand for in situ 'phrik man bangchang' genetic resource conservation. samples were collected from the original cultivation area of bangchang subdistrict (or) and were randomly explored in ratchaburi province (rb), khon kaen provinc ... | 2013 | 23479155 |
| androgenesis in solanaceae. | the solanaceae is one of the most important families for global agriculture. among the different solanaceous species, tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), potato (solanum tuberosum), tomato (solanum lycopersicum), eggplant (solanum melongena), and pepper (capsicum annuum) are five crops of outstanding importance worldwide. in these crops, maximum yields are produced by hybrid plants created by crossing pure (homozygous) lines with the desired traits. pure lines may be produced by conventional breeding m ... | 2016 | 26619864 |
| trapping whiteflies? a comparison of greenhouse whitefly (trialeurodes vaporariorum) responses to trap crops and yellow sticky traps. | greenhouse whiteflies, trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood), are notorious pests that, through the reduction of crop yields and excretion of honeydew, cause significant economic losses for sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) growers. chemical and biological controls are the two most common forms of whitefly management in greenhouses. consequently, insecticide resistance and inadequate control have rejuvenated interest in alternative tactics. in the present study, whitefly responses to trap crops ( ... | 2011 | 21394873 |
| effect of altered sink: source ratio on photosynthetic metabolism of source leaves. | when seven crop species were grown under identical environmental conditions, decreased sink:source ratio led to a decreased photosynthetic rate within 1 to 3 days in cucumis sativus l., gossypium hirsutum l., and raphanus sativus l., but not in capsicum annuum l., solanum melongena l., phaseolus vulgaris l., or ricinus communis l. the decrease was not associated with stomatal closure. in cotton and cucumber, sink removal led to an increase in starch and sugar content, in glucose 6-phosphate and ... | 1987 | 16665777 |
| accumulation and transport of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid in plant cuticles: i. sorption in the cuticular membrane and its components. | partition coefficients (k) of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-d) have been determined for the system plant cuticle/aqueous buffer. cuticles isolated enzymatically from leaves (clivia miniata, ficus elastica, citrus aurantium, hedera helix, pyrus communis cv. conférence and cv. williams, olea europaea) and fruits (lycopersicon esculentum, capsicum annuum, solanum melongena, cucumis sativus) were utilized. only the nondissociated species of 2,4-d was sorbed by cuticles and their lipophilic c ... | 1984 | 6734501 |
| pharmacological reactivity of isolated guinea pig ileum to ethanol leaf extracts of amaranthus caudatus and solanum melongena. | the pharmacological reactivity of guinea pig ileum to ethanol leaf extract of amaranthus caudatus and solanum melongena were determined in vitro. parameters evaluated include the threshold value and the concentration ratio (cr). the potency of the plant extracts as expressed by ec50, the emax (maximum response) and its corresponding concentration were determined from the concentration response curve in the absence or presence of 2x10-7 m atropine or 2x10-7 m mepyramine. the study showed that the ... | 2012 | 23235311 |
| water permeability of plant cuticles : dependence of permeability coefficients of cuticular transpiration on vapor pressure saturation deficit. | using the system vapor/membrane/liquid, permeability coefficients of cuticular transpiration (p ct) were determined as functions of water activity in the vapor (a wv). enzymatically isolated cuticular membranes (cm) of citrus aurantium l. and nonisolated cm of onion bulb scales and eggplant fruits were investigated. p ct of citrus and eggplant cm decreased with decreasing a wv, while permeability coefficients of cm of onion were independent of a wv. extraction of soluble cuticular lipids (scl) f ... | 1979 | 24407329 |
| synergistic antioxidative properties of phenolics from natural origin toward low-density lipoproteins depend on the oxidation system. | using an approach in line with that of a previous report, we assessed the antioxidant activity of several natural, polyphenol- or tocotrienol-rich mixtures: extracts from elaesis guineensis oil (a) and vitis vinifera (b), a coffea robusta powder (c), and extracts from olea europea mill wastewaters (d), solanum melongena (e), and lycopersicon esculentum (f). the copper- and 2-2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (aaph)-oxidation systems were used in the presence of low-density lipoprotein. f ... | 2002 | 12487753 |
| the cucurbitaceae and solanaceae illustrated in medieval manuscripts known as the tacuinum sanitatis. | beginning in the last two decades of the 14th century, richly illuminated versions of the tacuinum sanitatis, the latin translation of an 11th-century arabic manuscript known as taqwim al-sihha bi al-ashab al-sitta, were produced in northern italy. these illustrated manuscripts provide a window on late medieval life in that region by containing some 200 full-page illustrations, many of which vividly depict the harvest of vegetables, fruits, flowers, grains, aromatics and medicinal plants. our ob ... | 2009 | 19318382 |
| antifeedants against acusta despesta from the japanese cedar, cryptomeria japonica. | during our studies on the components in japanese cedar, cryptomeria japonica, we found that the crude methanol extract of c. japonica showed intense antifeeding activity against one snail species, acusta despesta, which is well-known as a pest of many vegetables and crops. the active components in the extract were separated into the hexane and ethyl acetate soluble fractions. from the active ethyl acetate soluble fraction, two norlignans, sequirin-c and agatharesinol, were isolated and identifie ... | 2012 | 11371016 |
| nutrient composition of the leaves and flowers of colocasia esculenta and the fruits of solanum melongena. | the nutrient composition, of colocasia esculenta flowers (cf) and leaves (cl), and the green fruits of solanum melongena (sm) were carried out as a means to determine their nutritional potential. results showed that these food materials had high moisture and fiber levels which ranged between 888 and 906 g.kg-1; and 204 and 303 g.kg-1 dry weight (dw) for moisture and fiber respectively. the calorific values were between 3889 and 4001 kcals.kg-1 dw, while the total lipids ranged from 53 in cf to 7 ... | 1996 | 8811722 |
| the relationship of certain tymoviruses assessed from the amino acid composition of their coat proteins. | the amino acid composition of the coat proteins of the following viruses is reported: andean potato latent, clitoria yellow vein, desmodium yellow mottle, dulcamara mottle, eggplant mosaic, okra mosaic, ononis yellow mosaic, scrophularia mottle, and, as controls, cocksfoot mild mosaic and cocksfoot mottle viruses. these data, together with some already published, were used to compute classifications of the tymoviruses. these classifications show a general similarity to koenig's serological class ... | 1980 | 7372445 |
| multi-residue matrix solid-phase dispersion method for the determination of six synthetic pyrethroids in vegetables followed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. | an effective multi-residue matrix solid-phase dispersion (mspd) extraction and gas chromatographic-electron-capture detection method for the determination of six synthetic pyrethroids (fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin) in 5 g of vegetables (west indian gherkin, eggplant, pak-choi, cabbage and garden peas) is described. the method uses a florisil-based mspd column for direct in-line clean-up with n-hexane-acetone (9:1). recoveries calculated at 0. ... | 1995 | 7735459 |
| [on the phenolic acids of vegetables. ii. hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids of fruit and seed vegetables (author's transl)]. | fruits of solanaceae (tomatoes, eggplant, and sweet peppers) almost exclusively contain hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives with caffeic acid dominating. fruits of cucurbitaceae (cucumbers, melons, pumpkins, and zucchini) are extraordinary, because they show very low concentrations of phenolic acids (up to 10 mg/kg) accumulated in the peels. peas and broad beans have relatively small contents of phenolic acids too. their husks show like beans considerable concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acid deri ... | 1975 | 1224795 |
| [a case of food poisoning due to ingestion of eggplant, solanum melongena, grafted on devil's trumpet, datura metel]. | a husband and wife successively visited an emergency room with symptoms of staggering, slurred speech, mydriasis, and drowsiness, three hours after separately eating spaghetti with meat sauce. the sauce contained eggplant that had been grafted onto a devil's trumpet, datura metel. scopolamine and atropine were detected in the leftover sauce and in the sera of the patients. this is the first case of food poisoning related to datura in okinawa, japan and also might be the first report of food pois ... | 2008 | 19029791 |
| kc167, a widely used drosophila cell line, contains an active primary pirna pathway. | piwi family proteins bind to small rnas known as piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) and play essential roles in the germline by silencing transposons and by promoting germ cell specification and function. here we report that the widely used kc167 cell line, derived from drosophila melanogaster embryos, expresses pirnas that are loaded to aub and piwi. kc167 pirnas are produced by a canonical, primary pirna biogenesis pathway, from phased processing of precursor transcripts by the zuc endonuclease, a ... | 2017 | 27789612 |
| the tudor domain protein tapas, a homolog of the vertebrate tdrd7, functions in the pirna pathway to regulate retrotransposons in germline of drosophila melanogaster. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) are a special class of small rnas that provide defense against transposable elements in animal germline cells. in drosophila, germline pirnas are thought to be processed at a unique perinuclear structure, the nuage, that houses pirna pathway proteins including the piwi clade of argonaute family proteins, along with several tudor domain proteins, rna helicases and nucleases. we previously demonstrated that tudor domain protein tejas (tej), an ortholog of vertebrate ... | 2014 | 25287931 |
| the dexh box helicase domain of spindle-e is necessary for retrotransposon silencing and axial patterning during drosophila oogenesis. | transposable selfish genetic elements have the potential to cause debilitating mutations as they replicate and reinsert within the genome. therefore, it is critical to keep the cellular levels of these elements low. this is especially true in the germline where these mutations could affect the viability of the next generation. a class of small noncoding rnas, the piwi-associated rnas, is responsible for silencing transposable elements in the germline of most organisms. several proteins have been ... | 2014 | 25239103 |
| sequence-dependent but not sequence-specific pirna adhesion traps mrnas to the germ plasm. | the conserved piwi family of proteins and piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) have a central role in genomic stability, which is inextricably linked to germ-cell formation, by forming piwi ribonucleoproteins (pirnps) that silence transposable elements. in drosophila melanogaster and other animals, primordial germ-cell specification in the developing embryo is driven by maternal messenger rnas and proteins that assemble into specialized messenger ribonucleoproteins (mrnps) localized in the germ (pole) ... | 2016 | 26950602 |
| paramutation in drosophila requires both nuclear and cytoplasmic actors of the pirna pathway and induces cis-spreading of pirna production. | transposable element activity is repressed in the germline in animals by piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas), a class of small rnas produced by genomic loci mostly composed of te sequences. the mechanism of induction of pirna production by these loci is still enigmatic. we have shown that, in drosophila melanogaster, a cluster of tandemly repeated p-lacz-white transgenes can be activated for pirna production by maternal inheritance of a cytoplasm containing homologous pirnas. this activated state is ... | 2015 | 26482790 |
| pirna-mediated transposon regulation and the germ-line mutation rate in drosophila melanogaster males. | transposons, especially retrotransposons, are abundant in the genome of drosophila melanogaster. these mobile elements are regulated by small rnas that interact with the piwi family of proteins-the piwi-interacting or pirnas. the piwi proteins are encoded by the genes argonaute3 (ago3), aubergine (aub), and piwi. heterochromatin protein 1 (hp1), a chromatin-organizing protein encoded by the suppressor of variegation 205 [su(var)205] gene, also plays a role in this regulation. to assess the mutat ... | 2015 | 25769182 |
| ago3 slicer activity regulates mitochondria-nuage localization of armitage and pirna amplification. | in drosophila melanogaster the reciprocal "ping-pong" cycle of piwi-interacting rna (pirna)-directed rna cleavage catalyzed by the endonuclease (or "slicer") activities of the piwi proteins aubergine (aub) and argonaute3 (ago3) has been proposed to expand the secondary pirna population. however, the role of ago3/aub slicer activity in pirna amplification remains to be explored. we show that ago3 slicer activity is essential for pirna amplification and that ago3 inhibits the homotypic aub:aub pin ... | 2014 | 25049272 |
| genetic interactions between p elements involved in pirna-mediated repression of hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila melanogaster. | previous studies have shown that telomeric p elements inserted at the left end of the x chromosome are anchors of the p cytotype, the maternally inherited state that regulates p-element activity in the germ line of drosophila melanogaster. this regulation is mediated by small rnas that associate with the piwi family of proteins (pirnas). we extend the analysis of cytotype regulation by studying new combinations of telomeric and nontelomeric p elements (tps and non-tps). tps interact with each ot ... | 2014 | 24902606 |
| profiles of pirna abundances at emerging or established pirna loci are determined by local dna sequences. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) ensure transposable element silencing in drosophila, thereby preserving genome integrity across generations. primary pirnas arise from the processing of long rna transcripts produced in the germ line by a limited number of telomeric and pericentromeric loci. primary pirnas bound to the argonaute protein aubergine then drive the production of secondary pirnas through the "ping-pong" amplification mechanism that involves an interplay with pirnas bound to the argonaut ... | 2013 | 23880829 |
| maternal enhancement of cytotype regulation in drosophila melanogaster by genetic interactions between telomeric p elements and non-telomeric transgenic p elements. | the x-linked telomeric p elements (tps) tp5 and tp6 regulate the activity of the entire p element family because they are inserted in a major locus for the production of piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas). the potential for this cytotype regulation is significantly strengthened when either tp5 or tp6 is combined with a non-telomeric x-linked or autosomal transgene that contains a p element. by themselves, none of the transgenic p elements have any regulatory ability. synergism between the telomeric ... | 2012 | 23374243 |
| homology-dependent silencing by an exogenous sequence in the drosophila germline. | the study of p transposable element repression in drosophila melanogaster led to the discovery of the trans-silencing effect (tse), a homology-dependent repression mechanism by which a p-transgene inserted in subtelomeric heterochromatin (telomeric associated sequences) represses in trans, in the female germline, a homologous p-lacz transgene inserted in euchromatin. tse shows variegation in ovaries and displays a maternal effect as well as epigenetic transmission through meiosis. in addition, t ... | 2012 | 22413086 |
| pirna pathway and the potential processing site, the nuage, in the drosophila germline. | the accurate transfer of genetic material in germline cells during the formation of gametes is important for the continuity of the species. however, animal germline cells face challenges from transposons, which seek to spread themselves in the genome. this review focuses on studies in drosophila melanogaster on how the genome protects itself from such a mutational burden via a class of gonad-specific small interfering rnas, known as pirnas (piwi-interacting rnas). in addition to silencing transp ... | 2012 | 23741748 |
| drosophila piwi functions downstream of pirna production mediating a chromatin-based transposon silencing mechanism in female germ line. | transposon control is a critical process during reproduction. the piwi family proteins can play a key role, using a pirna-mediated slicing mechanism to suppress transposon activity posttranscriptionally. in drosophila melanogaster, piwi is predominantly localized in the nucleus and has been implicated in heterochromatin formation. here, we use female germ-line-specific depletion to study piwi function. this depletion of piwi leads to infertility and to axis specification defects in the developin ... | 2011 | 22160707 |
| heterotypic pirna ping-pong requires qin, a protein with both e3 ligase and tudor domains. | pirnas guide piwi proteins to silence transposons in animal germ cells. reciprocal cycles of pirna-directed rna cleavage--catalyzed by the piwi proteins aubergine (aub) and argonaute3 (ago3) in drosophila melanogaster--expand the population of antisense pirnas in response to transposon expression, a process called the ping-pong cycle. heterotypic ping-pong between aub and ago3 ensures that antisense pirnas predominate. we show that qin, a pirna pathway gene whose protein product contains both e3 ... | 2011 | 22099305 |
| maternal impairment of transposon regulation in drosophila melanogaster by mutations in the genes aubergine, piwi and suppressor of variegation 205. | tp5, a p element inserted in the telomere-associated sequences of the x chromosome, represses the excision of other p elements in the germ line through a combination of maternal and zygotic effects. the maternal component of this repression is impaired by heterozygous mutations in the aubergine and suppressor of variegation 205 genes; one mutation in the piwi gene also appears to impair repression. in the female germ line, the level of tp5 mrna is increased by these impairing mutations. the impa ... | 2010 | 20943007 |
| elective affinities: a tudor-aubergine tale of germline partnership. | in drosophila melanogaster and many other metazoans, the specification of germ cells requires cytoplasmic inheritance of maternally synthesized rna and protein determinants, which are assembled in electron-dense cytoplasmic structures known as germ or polar granules, found at the posterior end of the oocytes. recent studies have shown that the formation of germ granules is dependent on the interaction of proteins containing tudor domains with the piwi-interacting rna (pirna)-binding piwi protein ... | 2010 | 20844011 |
| peculiarities of pirna-mediated post-transcriptional silencing of stellate repeats in testes of drosophila melanogaster. | silencing of stellate genes in drosophila melanogaster testes is caused by antisense pirnas produced as a result of transcription of homologous suppressor of stellate (su(ste)) repeats. mechanism of pirna-dependent stellate repression remains poorly understood. here, we show that deletion of su(ste) suppressors causes accumulation of spliced, but not nonspliced stellate transcripts both in the nucleus and cytoplasm, revealing post-transcriptional degradation of stellate rna as the predominant me ... | 2009 | 19321499 |
| cytotype regulation in drosophila melanogaster: synergism between telomeric and non-telomeric p elements. | the x-linked telomeric p elements tp5 and tp6 interact synergistically with non-telomeric p elements to repress hybrid dysgenesis. in this repression, the telomeric p elements exert maternal effects, which, however, are not sufficient to establish synergism with the non-telomeric p elements. once synergism is established, the capacity to repress dysgenesis in the offspring of a cross persists for at least two generations after removing the telomeric p element from the genotype. at the molecular ... | 2009 | 20122295 |
| pirnas mediate posttranscriptional retroelement silencing and localization to pi-bodies in the drosophila germline. | nuage, a well-conserved perinuclear organelle found in germline cells, is thought to mediate retroelement repression in drosophila melanogaster by regulating the production of piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas). in this study, we present evidence that the nuage-pirna pathway components can be found in cytoplasmic foci that also contain retroelement transcripts, antisense pirnas, and proteins involved in messenger rna (mrna) degradation. these mrna degradation proteins, decapping protein 1/2 (dcp1/2) ... | 2009 | 19651888 |
| does rna interference influence meiotic crossing over in drosophila melanogaster? | mutations in the rna interference (rnai) genes aubergine (aub), homeless and piwi were tested for effects on the frequency, distribution and coincidence of meiotic crossovers in the long arm of the x chromosome. some increases in crossover frequency were seen in these tests, but they may have been due to a maternal effect of the balancer chromosomes that were used to maintain the rnai mutations in stocks rather than to the rnai mutations themselves. these same balancers produced strong zygotic i ... | 2008 | 18593512 |
| different aubergine alleles confirm the specificity of different rnai pathways in drosophila melanogaster. | the crystal-stellate system is one of the best-known examples of heterochromatin-euchromatin interaction. the components of this system are homologous repetitive sequences clustered in three regions: 12e1 and h27 on the x and h11 on the y. the symptom of a disrupted crystal-stellate interaction is the presence of crystals in the spermatocytes of males lacking the crystal region. stellate silencing is based on the rnai process. many modifiers of this system have been isolated and many of these ar ... | 2009 | 19242123 |
| telomeric trans-silencing: an epigenetic repression combining rna silencing and heterochromatin formation. | the study of p-element repression in drosophila melanogaster led to the discovery of the telomeric trans-silencing effect (tse), a repression mechanism by which a transposon or a transgene inserted in subtelomeric heterochromatin (telomeric associated sequence or tas) has the capacity to repress in trans in the female germline, a homologous transposon, or transgene located in euchromatin. tse shows variegation among egg chambers in ovaries when silencing is incomplete. here, we report that tse d ... | 2007 | 17941712 |
| unique germ-line organelle, nuage, functions to repress selfish genetic elements in drosophila melanogaster. | the nuage is an electron-dense perinuclear structure that is known to be a hallmark of animal germ-line cells. although the conservation of the nuage throughout evolution accentuates its essentiality, its role(s) and the exact mechanism(s) by which it functions in the germ line still remain unknown. here, we report a nuage component, krimper (krimp), in drosophila melanogaster and show that it ensures the repression of the selfish genetic elements in the female germ line. the krimp loss-of-funct ... | 2007 | 17428915 |
| cytotype regulation by telomeric p elements in drosophila melanogaster: evidence for involvement of an rna interference gene. | p elements inserted at the left telomere of the x chromosome evoke the p cytotype, a maternally inherited condition that regulates the p-element family in the drosophila germline. this regulation is completely disrupted in stocks heterozygous for mutations in aubergine, a gene whose protein product is involved in rna interference. however, cytotype is not disrupted in stocks heterozygous for mutations in two other rnai genes, piwi and homeless (spindle-e), or in a stock heterozygous for a mutati ... | 2007 | 17603126 |
| the rna interference proteins and vasa locus are involved in the silencing of retrotransposons in the female germline of drosophila melanogaster. | rna interference (rnai) is considered as a defense against expansion of transposable elements. the proteins related to rna helicase and argonaute families are involved in rnai process in different organisms. it was shown that argonaute aubergine and putative rna helicase spindle-e proteins were essential for rnai in drosophila. here, we describe the role of aubergine (aub) and spindle-e (spn-e) genes in the control of ltr retrotransposon copia and nonltr telomeric het-a and i retrotransposons in ... | 2004 | 17194939 |
| genome-wide analysis of mrnas regulated by drosha and argonaute proteins in drosophila melanogaster. | rna silencing pathways are conserved gene regulation mechanisms that elicit decay and/or translational repression of mrnas complementary to short interfering rnas and micrornas (mirnas). the fraction of the transcriptome regulated by these pathways is not known, but it is thought that each mirna may have hundreds of targets. to identify transcripts regulated by silencing pathways at the genomic level, we examined mrna expression profiles in drosophila melanogaster cells depleted of four argonaut ... | 2006 | 16581772 |
| rnai is an antiviral immune response against a dsrna virus in drosophila melanogaster. | drosophila melanogaster has a robust and efficient innate immune system, which reacts to infections ranging from bacteria to fungi and, as discovered recently, viruses as well. the known drosophila immune responses rely on humoral and cellular activities, similar to those found in the innate immune system of other animals. recently, rnai or 'rna silencing' has arisen as a possible means by which drosophila can react to a specific pathogens, transposons and retroviral elements, in a fashion simil ... | 2006 | 16611236 |
| dissection of a natural rna silencing process in the drosophila melanogaster germ line. | to date, few natural cases of rna-silencing-mediated regulation have been described. here, we analyzed repression of testis-expressed stellate genes by the homologous suppressors of stellate [su(ste)] repeats that produce sense and antisense short rnas. the stellate promoter is dispensable for suppression, but local disturbance of complementarity between the stellate transcript and the su(ste) repeats impairs silencing. using in situ rna hybridization, we found temporal control of the expression ... | 2004 | 15254241 |
| aubergine mutations in drosophila melanogaster impair p cytotype determination by telomeric p elements inserted in heterochromatin. | transposable p elements inserted in the heterochromatic telomeric associated sequences on the x chromosome (1a site) of drosophila melanogaster have a very strong capacity to elicit the p cytotype, a maternally transmitted condition which represses p element transposition and p-induced hybrid dysgenesis. this repressive capacity has previously been shown to be sensitive to mutant alleles of the gene su(var)205, which encodes hp1 (heterochromatin protein 1), thus suggesting a role for chromatin s ... | 2004 | 15372228 |
| heterochromatic silencing and hp1 localization in drosophila are dependent on the rnai machinery. | genes normally resident in euchromatic domains are silenced when packaged into heterochromatin, as exemplified in drosophila melanogaster by position effect variegation (pev). loss-of-function mutations resulting in suppression of pev have identified critical components of heterochromatin, including proteins hp1, hp2, and histone h3 lysine 9 methyltransferase. here, we demonstrate that this silencing is dependent on the rna interference machinery, using tandem mini-white arrays and white transge ... | 2004 | 14752161 |
| variable expression levels detected in the drosophila effectors of pirna biogenesis. | pirnas (piwi-interacting rnas) are a class of small interfering rnas that play a major role in the regulation of transposable elements (tes) in drosophila and are considered of fundamental importance in gonadal development. genes encoding the effectors of the pirna machinery are thus often thought to be highly constrained. on the contrary, as actors of genetic immunity, these genes have also been shown to evolve rapidly and display a high level of sequence variability. in order to assess the sup ... | 2014 | 24361206 |
| transcriptional polymorphism of pirna regulatory genes underlies the mariner activity in d. simulans testes. | during colonization of new areas, natural populations have to deal with changing environments, and transposable elements (tes) can be useful "tools" in the adaptation process since they are major contributor to the structural and functional evolution of genomes. in this general context, the activity (copy number, transcriptional and excision rate) of the mariner mos1 element was estimated in 19 natural populations of d. simulans. it is shown (1) that mos1 expression is always higher and more var ... | 2017 | 28401606 |
| multifaceted effects of host plants on entomopathogenic nematodes. | the success of parasites can be impacted by multi-trophic interactions. tritrophic interactions have been observed in parasite-herbivore-host plant systems. here we investigate aspects of multi-trophic interactions in a system involving an entomopathogenic nematode (epn), its insect host, and host plant. novel issues investigated include the impact of tritrophic interactions on nematode foraging behavior, the ability of epns to overcome negative tritrophic effects through genetic selection, and ... | 2016 | 26896698 |
| effect of some diets on macrolophus pygmaeus rambur (hemiptera: miridae) fitness under laboratory conditions. | fitness parameters of omnivore predatory bug macrolophus pygmaeus were studied on various diets consisting of green peach aphid myzus persicae + eggplant leaf disc, eggs of ephestia kuehniella + eggplant leafdisc, pollen + eggplant leaf disc, eggs of e. kuehniella + pollen + eggplant leaf disc. the experiments were began from 1- day nymphs until 32-day adults. the tests were done at 25 degress c, 65+/-5% rh, 16l: 8d h photoperiod. the results showed that adding floral material to the animal prey ... | 2006 | 17385505 |
| discovery of an unknown diversity of leucinodes species damaging solanaceae fruits in sub-saharan africa and moving in trade (insecta, lepidoptera, pyraloidea). | the larvae of the old world genera leucinodes guenée, 1854 and sceliodes guenée, 1854 are internal feeders in the fruits of solanaceae, causing economic damage to cultivated plants like solanummelongena and solanumaethiopicum. in sub-saharan africa five nominal species of leucinodes and one of sceliodes occur. one of these species, the eggplant fruit and shoot borer leucinodesorbonalis guenée, 1854, is regarded as regularly intercepted from africa and asia in europe, north and south america and ... | 2015 | 25632252 |
| nonomuraea solani sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from eggplant root (solanum melongena l.). | a novel actinomycete, designated strain neau-z6(t), was isolated from eggplant (solanum melongena l.) root. phylogenetic analysis based on the 16s rrna gene sequence showed that strain neau-z6(t) belonged to the genus nonomuraea, with highest sequence similarity to nonomuraea monospora pt 708(t) (98.83 %), nonomuraea rosea gw 12687(t) (98.55 %) and nonomuraea rhizophila yim 67092(t) (98.02 %). sequence similarities between strain neau-z6(t) and other species of the genus nonomuraea ranged from 9 ... | 2013 | 23203622 |
| the effect of host plants on tetranychus evansi, tetranychus urticae (acari: tetranychidae) and on their fungal pathogen neozygites floridana (entomophthorales: neozygitaceae). | in a series of tritrophic-level interaction experiments, the effect of selected host plants of the spider mites, tetranychus evansi and tetranychus urticae, on neozygites floridana was studied by evaluating the attachment of capilliconidia, presence of hyphal bodies in the infected mites, mortality from fungal infection, mummification and sporulation from fungus-killed mite cadavers. host plants tested for t. evansi were tomato, cherry tomato, eggplant, nightshade, and pepper while host plants t ... | 2011 | 21510956 |
| potential economic pests of solanaceous crops: a new species of solanum-feeding psyllid from australia and first record from new zealand of acizzia solanicola (hemiptera: psyllidae). | acizzia credoensis sp. n. is described from a single population on the native plant, solanum lasiophyllum, from semi-arid western australia. the host range of acizzia solanicola kent & taylor, initially recorded as damaging eggplant, s. melongena, in commercial crops and gardens and on wild tobacco bush, s. mauritianum in eastern australia, is expanded to include the following solanaceae: rock nightshade, s. petrophilum, cape gooseberry, physalis peruviana, and an undetermined species of angel's ... | 2013 | 24698916 |
| a new species of solanum (solanaceae) from south africa related to the cultivated eggplant. | a new andromonoecious species related to the eggplant and belonging to solanum subgenus leptostemonum from southern africa is described. solanum umtuma voronts. & s.knapp, sp. nov. is found in the eastern part of south africa, and is sympatric with its close relative solanum linnaeanum hepper & p.m-l.jaeger. it is morphologically very similar to solanum cerasiferum dunal of northern tropical africa. a comparison table with similar and closely related species is provided, as are a distribution ma ... | 2012 | 22287927 |
| description of thecavermiculatus andinus n.sp. (meloidoderidae), a round cystoid nematode from the andes mountains of peru. | thecavermiculatus andinus n.sp. is described and illustrated from oxalis tuberosa originally collected in the vicinity of lake titicaca high in the andes mountains of southern peru. this new species differs markedly front the other two species in the genus, especially in having a much greater female vulval-anal distance and annules with lined punctation on most of the female body with a lacelike pattern restricted to the posterior portion, particularly at the vulva and anus which do not protrude ... | 1983 | 19295818 |
| behavioral response of nothanguina phyllobia to selected plant species. | the silver-leaf nightshade nenmtode, nothanguina phyllobia, is a promising biological control agent for its only reported host, solanum elaeagnifolium cav. when infective larvae of n. phyllobia and stem tissue of 39 econmnically important plant species were suspended in 0.5% water agar, nematodes aggregated about s. elaeagnifolium, solanum carolinense l., solanum melongena l., solanum tuberosum l., and prunus caroliniana (mill.) ait. nematodes responded to solanum spp. via positive chemotaxis an ... | 1979 | 19305532 |
| detection of new viruses in alfalfa, weeds and cultivated plants growing adjacent to alfalfa fields in saudi arabia. | a total of 1368 symptomatic plant samples showing different virus-like symptoms such as mottling, chlorosis, mosaic, yellow mosaic, vein clearing and stunting were collected from alfalfa, weed and cultivated plant species growing in vicinity of alfalfa fields in five principal regions of alfalfa production in saudi arabia. das-elisa test indicated occurrence of 11 different viruses in these samples, 10 of which were detected for the first time in saudi arabia. eighty percent of the alfalfa sampl ... | 2017 | 28855829 |
| determination of diphenylamine in agricultural products by hplc-fl. | a method for the determination of diphenylamine in agricultural products was developed. diphenylamine was extracted with acetonitrile from a sample under an acidic condition, passed through a c18 cartridge column, re-extracted with n-hexane, cleaned up on a psa cartridge column, determined by hplc with fluorescence detector and confirmed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. average recoveries (n=5) from brown rice, corn, soybeans, potato, cabbage, eggplant, spinach, orange, ap ... | 2016 | 28025454 |
| eggplant resistance to the ralstonia solanacearum species complex involves both broad-spectrum and strain-specific quantitative trait loci. | bacterial wilt (bw) is a major disease of solanaceous crops caused by the ralstonia solanacearum species complex (rssc). strains are grouped into five phylotypes (i, iia, iib, iii, and iv). varietal resistance is the most sustainable strategy for managing bw. nevertheless, breeding to improve cultivar resistance has been limited by the pathogen's extensive genetic diversity. identifying the genetic bases of specific and non-specific resistance is a prerequisite to breed improvement. a major gene ... | 2017 | 28580001 |
| vulnerability assessment of new jersey's food supply to invasive species: the new jersey import project. | the united states' environment and economy have been severely impacted by unintentionally introduced biological organisms for the last 100 years. our ecosystems and biological reserves of conservation importance are regularly invaded by non-indigenous species. to help prevent future invaders from entering the ports, this project undertaken at the port of elizabeth proposed to: 1. catalog the different vegetable and fruit crops entering this country; 2. evaluate the potential risk to new jersey c ... | 2006 | 17145643 |
| growth reponses of eggplant and soybean seedlings to mechanical stress in greenhouse and outdoor environments. | eggplant (solanum melongena l. var. esculentum 'burpee's black beauty') and soybean [glycine max (l.) merr. 'wells ii'] seedlings were assigned to a greenhouse or a windless or windy outdoor environment. plants within each environment received either periodic seismic (shaking) or thigmic (flexing or rubbing) treatment, or were left undisturbed. productivity (dry weight) and dimensional (leaf area and stem length) growth parameters generally were reduced more by mechanical stress in the greenhous ... | 1986 | 11539764 |
| the analysis of physiological variations in m2 generation of solanum melongena l. mutagenized by ethyl methane sulfonate. | the eggplant was mutagenized with ethyl methane sulfonate (ems) to enhance its genetic variability in our previous paper. in this article, we further analyzed the phenotype of m2 generation of mutant eggplants. a total of 325 independent m2 families were investigated for phenotypic variation. in addition to the visible phenotypic variation, chlorogenic acid (cga) concentrations were analyzed in 26 fruits of mutants with high performance liquid chromatography assay. seventeen fruits exhibited sig ... | 0 | 28154575 |
| nutritional value and antioxidant content of seed-containing and seedless eggplant fruits of two cultivars grown under protected cultivation during autumn-winter and spring-summer. | due to their low carbohydrate and high antioxidant content, eggplants are beneficial for the human diet. at <15 °c, pollen production and fertility are reduced and plant-growth regulators may be used to set seedless fruit. because only the agronomic effects of hormone are well-documented, we investigated the composition and metabolism during the development/maturation of seed-containing and seedless fruits of two cultivars grown over two seasons. | 0 | 28134448 |
| characterization of spermidine hydroxycinnamoyl transferases from eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and its wild relative solanum richardii dunal. | eggplant produces a variety of hydroxycinnamic acid amides (hcaas) that have an important role in plant development and adaptation to environmental changes. in this study, we identified and characterized a spermidine hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (sht) from eggplant (solanum melongena) and its wild relative s. richardii, designated as smsht and srsht, respectively. smsht was abundant in flowers and fruits, whereas the level of srsht was remarkably low in all tissues. heat-shock/drought treatment ... | 0 | 28018606 |
| responses of he-ne laser irradiation on agronomical characters and chlorogenic acid content of brinjal (solanum melongena l.) var. mattu gulla. | exposure to laser irradiation on seeds brings about the changes in agronomical characteristics of the plants. solanum melongena l. var. mattu gulla, a variety of brinjal is of high economic value due to its unique colour and flavour. the aim of the study was to understand the influence of helium-neon (he-ne) laser irradiation on agronomical characters of solanum melongena l. var. mattu gulla in the field conditions. various growth characteristics including seed germination percentage, survival r ... | 0 | 27693761 |
| genetic and mechanistic diversity of pirna 3'-end formation. | small regulatory rnas guide argonaute (ago) proteins in a sequence-specific manner to their targets and therefore have important roles in eukaryotic gene silencing. of the three small rna classes, micrornas and short interfering rnas are processed from double-stranded precursors into defined 21- to 23-mers by dicer, an endoribonuclease with intrinsic ruler function. piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas)-the 22-30-nt-long guides for piwi-clade ago proteins that silence transposons in animal gonads-are g ... | 2016 | 27851737 |
| an "aubergine" in the heart: huge native mitral valve endocarditis caused by streptococcus agalactiae. | | 2017 | 28815399 |
| functional characterization of the powdery mildew susceptibility gene smmlo1 in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is one of the most important vegetables among the solanaceae and can be a host to fungal species causing powdery mildew (pm) disease. specific homologs of the plant mildew locus o (mlo) gene family are pm susceptibility factors, as their loss of function results in a recessive form of resistance known as mlo resistance. in a previous work, we isolated the eggplant mlo homolog smmlo1. smmlo1 is closely related to mlo susceptibility genes characterized in other plan ... | 0 | 28070852 |
| phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase and isocitrate lyase in both tomato fruits and leaves, and in the flesh of peach and some other fruits. | in this study the occurrence of a number of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis was investigated in both tomato fruits and leaves during their development and senescence and in some other fruits. the enzymes studied were phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (ppdk) and glyoxysomal isocitrate lyase (icl). ppdk was detected in the ripe flesh of tomato, and much smaller amounts were detected in the flesh of both peach and pepper, whereas it was not detected (no ... | 0 | 27450492 |
| insights in the fruit flesh browning mechanisms in solanum melongena genetic lines with opposite postcut behavior. | color, taste, flavor, nutritional value, and shelf life are important factors determining quality and healthiness of food and vegetables. these factors are strongly affected by browning processes, occurring after fruit or vegetable cutting. characterization of ten eggplant genotypes for chlorogenic acid (cga) content, total phenols (tp), polyphenoloxidase (ppo) activity, and browning tendency corroborated a lack of significant correlations between biochemical factors and fruit flesh browning. fu ... | 0 | 27198496 |
| dissipation of deltamethrin, triazophos, and endosulfan in ready mix formulations in tomato (lycopersicon esculentum l.) and egg plant (solanum melongena l.). | persistence of delltamethrin, endosulfan, and triazophos in egg plant and tomato was studied following application of two ready mix formulations of insecticides viz. deltametrhin and endosulfan (cobra 5000; 0.75% deltamethrin + 29.5% endosulfan) and deltamethrin and triazophos (annaconda plus; 1% deltamethrin + 35% triazophos) at recommended (1.0 l/ha and double dose 2.0 l/ha). the residues of deltamethrin persisted till 7 and 5 days in tomato and egg plant fruits, respectively, in the ready mix ... | 0 | 25966882 |
| pleurotus eryngii immobilized amberlite xad-16 as a solid-phase biosorbent for preconcentrations of cd2+ and co2+ and their determination by icp-oes. | this article reports a method that is used for the preconcentration and determination of cd(2+) and co(2+) in vegetables, using pleurotus eryngii immobilized amberlite xad-16 as a solid-phase biosorbent. the concentrations of metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical spectrometry (icp-oes). critical parameters, such as the ph of the solution, flow rate, the amount of biosorbent, type and volume of eluent, and the sample volume, that affect the solid-phase extraction (spe) proc ... | 2012 | 22967585 |
| salicylic acid seed priming instigates defense mechanism by inducing pr-proteins in solanum melongena l. upon infection with verticillium dahliae kleb. | salicylic acid (sa) is a hormone connected with various cellular functions including the fight against invading pathogens. priming of seeds pre-sowing is a very simple method to the farmers' to produce better growth, yield and manage the pathogens. the present study was aimed to determine the growth and disease resistance ability in brinjal seeds primed with different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mm) of sa under greenhouse conditions. priming of seeds with sa significantly increased s ... | 2017 | 28578205 |
| [changes in weight of fresh and dried vegetables on cooking]. | the present study represents part of a more important work relative to normal food refuse and change of weight of varied food according to different ways of cooking. the study has been realized on vegetables and some fruits of frequent utilization in the population. it was accomplished by 25 voluntary housekeepers from paris and marseille during a whole year according to precise instructions about the method of weighings, every vegetable having to be weighed, three times at different intervals, ... | 1976 | 970838 |
| karyotypic variability in plants of solanum melongena regenerated from callus grown in presence of culture filtrate of verticillium dahliae. | plantlets were regenerated from calli derived from leaf expiants of three genotypes of solanum melongena (two parental genotypes and their hybrid). the cytological analysis showed that a) plants regenerated were all mixoploid, b) toxic medium (basal medium added with filtrate culture of verticillium dahliae) was able to evidence karyotypic differences between genotypes not displayed by plants regenerated from callus grown on control medium, c) chromosomal mosaicism persists up to plant maturity ... | 1984 | 24258559 |