Publications

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[presence of yohimbine (quebrachin) in the roots of madagascar periwinkle, lochnera lancea]. 195613373134
alkaloids of vinca rosea linn. (catharanthus roseus g. don.). v. preparation and characterization of alkaloids. 195913854990
a note on the alkaloids of vinca rosea linn. (catharanthus roseus g. don.). ii. catharanthine, lochnericine, vindolinine, and vindoline. 195913641069
current status of research on the alkaloids of vinca rosea linn. (catharanthus roseus g. don). 196213918740
alkaloids of vinca rosea linn. (catharanthus roseus g. don.) xii. preparation and characterization of trace alkaloids. 196213918739
alkaloids of vinca rosea linn. (catharanthus roseus g. don). xv. analysis of vinca alkaloids by thin-layer chromatography. 196314022560
alkaloids of vinca rosea linn. (catharanthus roseus g. don). xxiv. vinaspine, vincathicine, rovidine, desacetyl vlb, and vinaphamine. 196414249445
catharosine, a new alkaloid from catharanthus roseus g.don. 19655842019
[on alkaloid formation in tissue culture by catharanthus roseus g. don]. 196514331116
[the antitumour action and toxicity of the alkaloidal fraction ac-875 from catharanthus roseus]. 19655898964
effect of colchicine and catharanthus roseus (vinca rosea) alkaloids on mitosis of syrian hamster bone marrow cells. 196514300954
medicinal plants--old and new.the historic role of plants in healing declined early in the twentieth century with the ascendency of synthetic drugs, even though a number of basic medical tools, such as opium, strychnine, and cocaine, are of botanical origin. in recent years, interest in natural products has been restored dramatically by the discovery of penicillin, plant-derived tranquilizers, and plant precursors of cortisone. contrary to previous beliefs, botanical drugs are proving more economical than synthetics and hold ...19685644801
effect of gibberellic acid on the growth, alkaloid production, and vlb content of catharanthus roseus. 19685652148
the catharanthus roseus (vinca rosea) alkaloids: a new class of stathmokinetic agents. 19685659730
[alkaloids of catharanthus roseus g. don.--new group of biologically active compounds]. 19684872670
growth and alkaloid formation in catharanthus roseus tissue cultures. 19695812244
[alkaloids with tumor inhibiting action from catharanthus roseus]. 19695769032
the effect of antibiotics on the growth of catharanthus roseus tissue cultures. 19705495518
[place of vinca rosea alkaloids (catharanthus roseus) in the treatment of hodgkin's disease]. 19734198540
evidence against the occurrence of adenosine-3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in higher plants.previous reports on the incorporation of [(14)c]adenine into adenosine-3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic amp) in oat (avena sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) coleoptile sections, chick-pea (cicer arietinum l.) embryos and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) aleurone layers were reexamined. separation of labelled nucleotides on deae-sephadex a 25 showed that a peak of (14)c activity, previously considered to be cyclic amp, is not identical with this compound. attempts to detect the cyclic nucleotide by ...197424442328
vinca alkaloids xxxv.1 desacetoxyvinblastine a new minor alkaloid from vinca rosea l. (catharanthus roseus g. don). 19751116520
alkaloids of vinca rosea l. (catharanthus roseus g. don) xxxvi: isolation and characterization of new dimeric alkaloids.in a continuing effort to study thoroughly the alkaloids of catharanthus roseus, new dimeric alkaloids were isolated and characterized. structures are proposed for leurocolombine and vinamidine based on uv, ir, pmr, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and cmr. pseudovincaleukoblastine diol was identified by pmr and mass spectrometry. leurocolombine exhibited antimitotic activity and marginal antitumor activity against the ridgeway osteogenic sarcoma.19751206487
letter: biosynthesis of the indole alkaloids. a cell-free system from catharanthus roseus. 19751184890
[production of indole alkaloids in tissue cultures of catharanthus roseus (author's transl)]. 1976959385
alkaloids of vinca rosea l. (catharanthus roseus g. don). xxxvii. structure of vincathicine. 19763633
synthesis of ajmalicine and related indole alkaloids by cell free extracts of catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures. 197611128
[microbiological analysis of vindolinina (an alkaloid isolated from catharanthus roseus) and some of its structural changes].bacteriostatic properties of vindolinina (an alkaloid isolated from catharanthus roseus that has an ester group within its molecule) as well as of its alkaline-hydrolysis product (vindolininic acid) crystallized as chlorhydrate, and of the product of its reduction with lithium and aluminum hydrides (vindolininol) are compared. several strains of bacteria pathogenic to man (proteus, escherichia, shigella, staphylococcus, and pseudomonas) cultured in nutritive-agar dishes containing disks and incu ...1976802793
purification and properties of strictosidine synthetase (an enzyme condensing tryptamine and secologanin) from catharanthus roseus cultured cells.strictosidine synthetase, which catalyzes the condensation of tryptamine with secologanin to form strictosidine (isovincoside), was purified 740-fold to homogeneity from cultured cells of catharanthus roseus in 10% yield. the specific activity is 5.85 nkat/mg. the molecular weight as estimated by gel filtration is 38,000. the isoelectric point is 4.6. apparent km values for tryptamine and secologanin are 0.83 and 0.46 mm, respectively. the enzyme shows a broad ph optimum between 5.0 and 7.5. the ...1976476085
[fungal activity of various alkaloids isolated from catharanthus roseus g. don].evaluation is made of the fungal activity of ajmalicine, aparacine, catarantine, reserpine, tetrahydroalstonine, vincubine, vindoline and vindolinina--alkaloids isolated from c. roseus growing in cuba--on new fungi strains and yeasts which include some of human clinical interest. the method employed was the diffusion in an agar mean with sections or cylinders containing solutions of the alkaloids at 2% and 3% concentrations. the best results are obtained with an aparicine base, while tetrahydroa ...197798170
indole aldaloid biosynthesis: partial purification of "ajmalicine synthetase" from catharanthus roseus. 1977861021
alkaloids of vinca rosea l. (catharanthus roseus g. don). 38. 4'-dehydrated derivatives.a series of 4'-dehydrated derivatives of various dimeric vinca alkaloids has been synthesized to further define the structure-activity relationships of vinca alkaloids with onolytic potency. the concentrated sulfuric acid dehydration in most cases gave mixtures of the 3',4'-and two isomeric 4',20'-alkenes, which were isolated and characterized primarily by proton and 13c nmr. compound tested for antitumor activity include the three dehydro isomers of 4'-deacetylvinblastine, 4-deacetylvincristine ...1977576619
subcellular localization of a cytochrome p-450-dependent monogenase in vesicles of the higher plant catharanthus roseus.the intracellular location of a cytochrome p-450-dependent monoterpene hydroxylase from the higher plant, catharanthus roseus, has been investigated. by differential and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, utilizing marker enzymes and electron microscopy, the monooxygenase was demonstrated to be associated with vesicles having a membrane thickness of 40-60 nm. the vesicles could be distinguished from endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and plasma membrane and were found in ...1977833200
distribution and accumulation of alkaloids in catharanthus roseus g. don during development.pattern of the total alkaloids distribution and accumulation in catharanthus roseus g. don was investigated during six different stages of flowering and fruiting. the highest concentration of alkaloids (mg perivine/g dry weight) was found in the roots at the start of flowering and the minimum in the stems during full fruiting stage; the rate of alkaloidal accumulation in the leaves, stems and roots tended to decrease during fruit maturation. the most active stage of alkaloidal biosynthesis was a ...1978674322
composition of the cell wall formed by protoplasts isolated from cell suspension cultures of vinca rosea.the biochemistry of cell-wall regeneration in protoplasts obtained from vinca rosea l. (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don) cells grown in suspension culture by isolating the regenerated wall and the extracellular polysaccharides of protoplasts cultured for various periods, and investigating their composition. gas-liquid chromatography and tracer studies with d-[u-(14)c]glucose showed that the sugar composition of the extracellular polysaccharides was similar to that of the original cell culture, c ...197824414558
morphogenetic factors controlling differentiation and dedifferentiation of epidermal cells in the gynoecium of catharanthus roseus : i. the role of pressure and cell confinement.to test the morphogenetic role of equilateral stress and physiological confinement in dedifferentiation of epidermal cells, impermeable barriers of goldmetal foil were placed between the postgenitally fusing epidermal surfaces in the gynoecium of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don. cells contacting the foil barrier were firmly compressed and air spaces were almost eliminated, thus mimicking an internal cellular environment. however, the cells adjacent to the barriers retained epidermal characterist ...197824408100
purification and properties of strictosidine synthase, the key enzyme in indole alkaloid formation.a new enzyme, strictosidine synthase, which catalyzes the synthesis of 3-alpha(s)-strictosidine from tryptamine and secologanin was isolated from the soluble protein extract of catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures and was purified approximately 50-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, column chromatography on deae-cellulose. ultrogel aca34 and isoelectric focusing. the apparent molecular weight of the enzyme was 34000. the ph optimum was 6.8, apparent km values for tryptamine and secol ...1979510306
5-methyltryptophan resistant cells of catharanthus roseus.several cell lines resistant to 5-methyltryptophan were selected from wild type cells of different catharanthus roseus suspension cultures. the resistant cells had up to 30 times the normal levels of free tryptophan. despite the increased pool size of tryptophan anthranilate synthetase activity of resistant cells was as sensitive to inhibition by l-tryptophan as wild type cells. the overproduction of tryptophan did not lead to intensified accumulation of tryptamine nor of indole alkaloids. this ...1979158896
a bioassay of antimitotic alkaloids of catharanthus roseus. 1979461560
on the role of s: sulfotransferases in assimilatory sulfate reduction by plant cell suspension cultures.cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don were grown under s-auxotrophic (1.8 mm sulfate) and under s-heterotrophic (0.5 and 1.0 mm cysteine or methionine) conditions. the development of activity of the thiol sulfotransferases was followed during the complete growth period. under auxotrophic growth, an nadph-dependent s: sulfotransferase and a gsh-dependent s: sulfotransferase developed identically, whereas under heterotrophic growth, differences in the amount of enzymes and in ...197924407385
[ajmalicine assay in catharanthus roseus g. don. a comparison between densitometric, spectrometric and hight performance liquid chromatographic methods (author's transl)]. 1979543596
[evaluation of antimicrobial activity of indol alkaloids].in pursuing the study of the antimicrobial properties of alkaloids prepared from cuban plants the activity of 10 indol alkaloids and 4 semisynthetic variables obtained from three plants--catharanthus roseus g. don., vallesia antillana wood and ervatamia coronaria staph, of the family apocynaceae--growing in cuba was assessed in vitro. the alkaloids and the variables used were catharantine, vindoline, vindolinine, perivine, reserpine, tabernaemontanine, tetrahydroalstonine, aparicine, vindolinic ...1979399043
inhibition of anthocyanin formation in seedlings and flowers by the enantiomers of α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid and their n-benzyloxycarbonyl derivatives.both enantiomers of α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid (aopp), potent inhibitors of l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and their n-benzyloxycarbonyl (n-boc) derivatives inhibit anthocyanin formation in developing flowers of ipomoea tricolor cav. and catharanthus roseus don. as well as in seedlings of brassica oleracea var. caulo-rapa dc (kohlrabi) and b. oleracea var. capitata l. (red cabbage) with little interference with their normal development. kohlrabi seedlings tolerate up to 0.3 mm l-aopp and ...197924407328
incorporation of [2(14)c]malonyl coa into fatty acids by a cell-free extract of catharanthus roseus suspension culture cells.a cell-free extract containing the enzymes for de-novo synthesis, elongation and desaturation of fatty acids was prepared from cultured cells of catharanthus roseus g. don. (14)c-fatty acids synthesized by the extract from [2-(14)c]malonyl coa substrate were palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0) and oleic (18:1). dialyzed extract was active and stable at room temperature and at 4° c, but was inactivated on boiling. there was an absolute requirement for nadph for incorporation of [2-(14)c]malonyl coa i ...198024306892
the effect of different temperatures on fatty-acid synthesis and polyunsaturation in cell suspension cultures.cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus g. don, glycine max (l.) merr. and nicotiana tabacum l. were incubated with [(14)c]acetate, [(14)c]oleic acid and [(14)c]linoleic acid at five different temperatures ranging from 15 to 35° c. when the incubation temperature was increased, [(14)c]acetate was incorporated preferentially into [(14)c]palmitate, with a concomitant drop in [(14)c]oleate formation. between 15 and 20° c, [(14)c]oleic acid accumulated in c. roseus cells. in all cultures, op ...198024311159
fatty-acid composition and biosynthesis in cell suspension cultures of glycine max (l.) merr., catharanthus roseus g. don and nicotiana tabacum l.the fatty-acid composition of c. roseus and n. tabacum cell suspension cultures was unaffected by subculture on wood and braun, murashige and skoog, or gamborg b5c media. however, placing the cultures - which were normally grown at 25° c - at 15° c reduced growth but resulted in enhanced formation of oleic and linolenic acids in c. roseus cultures and increased levels of linoleic and linolenic acids in cultures of g. max and n. tabacum, respectively. the incorporation of [(14)c]acetate into [(14 ...198024311158
alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don. : vi. variation in alkaloid spectra of cell lines derived from one single leaf.analysis of 76 cell clones derived from one leaf of a periwinkle plant (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don) showed the occurrence of corynanthe-, strychnos-, and aspidosperma-type alkaloids. the majority of clones (62%) displayed compounds of all three types. variation of the alkaloid spectra of the cell clones was low when compared to that found previously with serially subcultured callus and cell suspensions derived from different plants.198124258743
alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus cell cultures viii.a cell line of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don coded prl # 200, was characterized with respect to its biosynthetic capabilities for indolealkaloids, in particular catharanthine, in suspension cultures. other alkaloids isolated are vallesiachotamine isomers, ajmalicine, hörhammericine, hörhammerinine, vindolinine, 19-epivindolinine and strictosidine lactam.198117401876
characterization of a monoterpene hydroxylase from cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don.conditions have been established for the optimization of the specific activity of a membrane-bound monoterpene hydroxylase from cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus. in time course studies, the hydroxylase and nadph-cytochrome c reductase exhibited maximal activities 18-20 days after inoculation, i.e., during early stationary phase. by late stationary phase, enzyme activity had declined. in contrast an enzyme of primary metabolism achieved optimal specific activity by the 12th day and ...198124258855
phytohormones in the formation of crown gall tumors.crown gall tumors were initiated in a variety of plant species by infection with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 and the concomitant changes in the tissue levels of phytohormones, mainly indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and cytokinins, were analyzed. a comparison was made of these hormones with those produced by virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterium in liquid culture and with those of bacteria-free crown gall callus cultures. specific radioimmunoassays were employed for hormone determina ...198124276937
catharanthus alkaloids. xxxiv. catharanthamine, a new antitumor bisindole alkaloid from catharanthus roseus. 19817264679
current status of plant products reported to inhibit sperm.this report reviews research on plant-derived agents that prevent sperm production if taken orally by the male or that incapacitate or kill sperm on contact if used vaginally by the female. it would be of great value to develop fertility inhibitors that are totally selective for reproductive systems and enzymes, and there is a possibility that a plant-derived drug may have this effect. plants that have been studied for their fertility inhibiting effects in the male include: aristolochia indica l ...198212179631
a p nuclear magnetic resonance study of intracellular ph of plant cells cultivated in liquid medium.(31)p nuclear magnetic resonance has been used to study the vacuolar and cytoplasmic ph of acer pseudoplatanus, catharanthus roseus, and glycine max cells grown as cell suspensions. the adaptation of this technique to plant cells grown in liquid medium is described with emphasis on the removal of mn(2+) and phosphate from the extracellular medium and on providing the o(2) supply of the cells in the nuclear magnetic resonance tube and the various problems of calibration. aerobic and anaerobic cel ...198216662631
immobilization of strictosidine synthase from catharanthus cell cultures and preparative synthesis of strictosidine.strictosidine synthase was partially purified from catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures and immobilized on cnbr-activated sepharose. the immobilized enzyme exhibits a thermostability increased 300 fold over that of the soluble enzyme and catalyses exclusively the formation of the 3alpha(s)-isomer, strictosidine. gram quantities of this biologically active glucoalkaloid, which hitherto had been difficult to synthesize and purify, were prepared.198217396930
quinone reductases of higher plants.nad(p)h: quinone oxidoreductase (dt-diaphorase) was detected in 100000 x g supernatant fractions of extracts of a wide variety of higher plants. smaller amounts were also found in microsomes and chloroplast fractions. the enzyme was partially purified from soluble extracts of several plants and the quinone reductase from catharanthus roseus was enriched 25-fold. plant quinone reductases have molecular weights in the range of 38000-53000 as determined by gel filtration. the plant enzyme is far le ...19827140760
efficient incorporation of 10-hydroxygeraniol and 10-hydroxynerol into indole alkaloids by a cell suspension culture of catharanthus roseus.a cell suspension culture of catharanthus roseus was evaluated with regard to its potential usage in studies of early stage indole alkaloid biosynthesis. employing this material, 1,1,7-trideutero-10-hydroxygeraniol and 1,1,7-trideutero-10-hydroxynerol were incorporated into the alkaloids ajmalicine and strictosidine lactam in approximate proportions of 50% and 80% respectively.198217402127
sulfate reduction in catharanthus roseus (l.) : identification and subcellular localization of a particulate adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate-reducing activity in cells from cell suspension cultures.cell homogenates from catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don. grown s-autotrophically on sulfate in the dark are capable of reducing adenylysulfate (aps) to cysteine. this reduction required a particulate protein fraction from the cell extract and reduced ferredoxin as the electron donor. the protein fraction (mw 700,000±50,000) was found to contain fd:nadp(+) reductase, glutathione reductase and an unspecific dithiol reductase, and aps-sulfotransferase and thiosulfonate reductase activity. resolution ...198224271669
alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus cell cultures : xii. biosynthetic capacity of callus from original explants and regenerated shoots.callus derived from hypocotyls of periwinkle, catharanthus roseus, responded to culture on nutrient media supplementedwith iaa, ba, and zeatin with shoot formation at low frequencies. however, shoot regenerating callus could be very successfully propagated and subcultured. alkaloid profiles of callus derived from the original explants (hypocotyls) as well as callus derived from regenerated shoots were almost identical. subcultures of old callus (initiated in 1978) failed completely to grow shoot ...198224259128
cryopreservation of periwinkle, catharanthus roseus cells cultured in vitro.a procedure for prolonged cryogenic storage of periwinkle cell cultures is described. cells derived from periwinkle, catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don, and subcultured as suspension in 1-b5c nutrient medium have been frozen, stored in liquid nitrogen (-196°c) for 11 weeks, thawed and recultured. maximal survival was achieved when 3-4 day-old cells precultured for 24 h in nutrient medium with 5% dmso were frozen at slow cooling rates of 0.5 or 1°c/min prior to storage in liquid nitrogen. the only l ...198224259127
initiation, maintenance and alkaloid content of catharanthus roseus leaf organ cultures. 198217396784
[quantitative and qualitative hplc-analysis of indole alkaloids from catharanthus roseus cell cultures.].hplc separation conditions for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of indole alkaloids from catharanthus roseus tissue cultures were discribed as well as sample preparation procedures with extrelut and bond elut scx cartridges, which allow a quicker and more effective sample clean up as the classical alkaline chloroform extraction method. the methods are suitable for very small amounts of cell material.198317404909
[time course of growth, evolution of sugar-nitrogen metabolism and accumulation of alkaloids in a cell suspension of catharanthus roseus.].intra and extra-cellular accumulation of three alkaloid markers, the disappearance of major nutrients from the medium and the evolution of phosphates, nitrates, ammonium ions, glucose and starch in the cells were observed during a time course study using a suspension of catharanthus roseus. the accumulation of alkaloids is a complex phenomenon, not entirely unconnected with growth, which involves diffusion into the medium and cellular catabolism. it is difficult to relate the phenomenon to the a ...198317404908
isolation of new alkaloids from catharanthus roseus. 198317405031
the role of 9- and/or 10-oxygenated derivatives of geraniol, geranial, nerol, and neral in the biosynthesis of loganin and ajmalicine.a number of deuterium labelled 9- and/or 10-oxygenated derivatives of geraniol, geranial, nerol, and neral were used as substrates in feeding experiments with a cell suspension culture of catharanthus roseus. the 9- and 10-oxo derivatives of geraniol, geranial, nerol, and neral as well as 9,10-dihydroxygeraniol, 9-oxo-10-hydroxygeraniol, and 9,9,10,10-tetraethoxygeranial were found to be good precursors of the indole alkaloid ajmalicine. the compounds 9-hydroxygeraniol, 9-hydroxynerol, 9,10-dihy ...198317405022
indole alkaloid formation and storage in cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus.the localization and storage of alkaloids were investigated in a low producing cell suspension culture of catharanthus roseus(l.) g. don. (apocynaceae). fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy indicate alkaloid accumulation to occur inside the vacuoles of particular cells. these alkaloid storage cells exhibit a vacuolar ph of 3, while "normal" cells of a suspension culture have a vacuolar ph of about 5. alkaloids are taken up in their unprotonated forms, trapped by protonation inside the ...198317404935
dissimilation of methionine in cell suspension cultures from catharanthus roseus l.plant cell suspension cultures from catharanthus roseus were investigated for their capability to dissimilate methionine or its analogs in order to reutilize the sulphane group for cysteine biosynthesis. three steps have been described as prerequisites of this process: (a) oxidative degradation by the amino-acid oxidase of methionine giving rise to methanethiol production; (b) demethylation by methyltransferases leading to homocysteine and s-methylmethionine (c) replacement of the homocysteine s ...198324264927
indole alkaloids from catharanthus roseus tissue cultures iv1: 16r-19,20-e-isositsirikin, 16r-19,20-z-isositsirikin and 21-hydroxycyclolochnerin.from catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures 16 r-19,20- e-isositsirikine ( 1), 16 r-19,20- z-isositsirikine ( 2) and a new sarpagine type indole alkaloid ( 5) have been isolated. the structures have been deduced from spectroscopic data; that of 5 has been confirmed by x-ray analysis.198417340304
quantitation of the delivery of liposome contents into plant protoplasts.a procedure for the quantitation of the delivery of liposome contents into catharanthus roseus protoplasts has been developed. the method is based on the uptake of liposome encapsulated methylumbelliferyl beta-d-glucoside and its enzymatic hydrolysis to yield fluorescent methylumbelliferone. since the free glucoside is not taken up by the protoplasts to a significant extent, the delivery of material in the nanomole range can be measured with ease.19846476383
expression of the plant sulphite reductase in cell suspension cultures from catharanthus roseus l.sulphur-heterotrophic growth exhibited a dual response to the expression of sulphate-assimilating enzymes. the level of atp-sulphurylase (ec 2.7.7.4) appeared "repressed" while sulphite reductase (ec 1.8.7.1) and o-acetyl-l-serine sulphhydrylase (ec 4.2.99.8) were "derepressed" and coordinated in their occurrence. the capability of the cells to reduce adenylylphosphosulphate or 3'-phospho adenylylphosphosulphate to cysteine coincided with the activity of sulphite reductase. the expression of the ...198424258417
influence of sucrose on levels of ajmalicine, serpentine, and tryptamine in catharanthus roseus cells in vitro.the fates of major nutritional elements and the synthesis of tryptophan, tryptamine and 2 alkaloid markers in c. roseus cells, cultivated in media containing 20 and 60 g/l of sucrose, were studied. sucrose effects were greatest, with these parameters, during the stationary growth phase. intracellular ajmalicine and serpentine levels increased with sucrose concentration, whereas intracellular tryptamine (nitrogen precursor) levels were unaffected. the role of sucrose in the alkaloid pathway is di ...198417340363
liposomes as vehicles for transferring low molecular weight compounds into periwinkle protoplasts.the uptake of liposomal contents into catharanthus roseus protoplasts has been quantitated. hi.phest uptake was obtained from positively charged vesicles (1.09% of vesicle contents per 10(7) protoplasts) in the presence of 10% w/v polyethylene glycol 4000. significant uptake was also observed from negatively charged vesicles (0.1% of vesicle contents per 10(7) protoplasts) in the presence of 25% polyethylene glycol 1540. the uptake of vesicle contents from negatively charged liposomes was confir ...198423195500
fine control of purine nucleotide biosynthesis in intact cells of catharanthus roseus.adenine exogenously supplied to intact catharanthus roseus cells was converted to adenine nucleotides. this treatment inhibited the incorporation of [(14)c]formate into total purines (purine bases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids). since the availability of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (prpp) appeared to exceed the requirement for de novo purine biosynthesis, its inhibition by exogenously supplied adenine was presumably due to an increase in adenine nucleotide concentration with result ...198423195382
instability of indole alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures.using serpentine fluorescence as an indicator of alkaloid production in cultured catharanthus roseus cells, 6 cell lines producing alkaloid in excess of 300 mg/l were selected from more than 2 x 10 (5) individual colonies and their alkaloid production was monitored over a period of 8 years. rapid loss of productivity invariably occurred during the first few months of cultivation, and spontaneous recovery of the initial production rates was never observed. production of the indole alkaloid precur ...198417340345
tryptophan decarboxylase from catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures: purification, molecular and kinetic data of the homogenous protein.the purification of tryptophan decarboxylase from catharanthus roseus (tdc, e.c.:4.1.1.27), to apparent homogeneity, is described. the enzyme represents a soluble protein with a molecular weight of 115 000±3 000, consisting of 2 identical subunits of 54 000±1 000. the pi was estimated to be 5.9 and the km for l-tryptophan was found to be 7.5×10(-5) m. phenylalanine, tyrosine and dopa were not decarboxylated by tryptophan decarboxylase from catharanthus cells. similar to the aromatic amino acid d ...198424310513
a highly selective alkaloid uptake system in vacuoles of higher plants.vacuoles were isolated from different plant cell cultures and the transport mechanism for alkaloid uptake at the tonoplast membrane, as well as the compartmentation of enzymes and products inside the cells were investigated. while serpentine, the major alkaloid of catharanthus roseus cells, is definitely located inside the vacuole, two key enzymes of the indole-alkaloid pathway, strictosidine synthase and a specific glucosidase, are located in the cytosol. transport of alkaloids across the tonop ...198424253097
cryopreservation of alkaloid-producing cell cultures of periwinkle (catharanthus roseus).a procedure for cryogenic storage of alkaloid producing cell lines of periwinkle, catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don., has been developed. the procedure differs from established cryopreservation protocols in several aspects. specifically, 4-day-old suspension subcultures of three cell lines were precultured in nutrient media supplemented with 1 molar sorbitol for 6 to 20 hours. the cells were then incubated in nutrient media with 1 molar sorbitol plus 5% dmso in an ice bath for 1 hour and, thereaft ...198416663695
freezing characteristics of cultured catharanthus roseus (l). g. don cells treated with dimethylsulfoxide and sorbitol in relation to cryopreservation.the freezing behavior of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) and sorbitol solutions and periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) cells treated with dmso and sorbitol alone and in combination was examined by nuclear magnetic resonance and differential thermal analysis. incorporation of dmso or sorbitol into the liquid growth medium had a significant effect in the temperature range for initiation to completion of ice crystallization. compared to the control, less water crystallized at temperatures below -30 degrees ...198416663694
n-deformyl vincristine a bisalkaloid from catharanthus roseus.a bisalkaloid from catharanthus roseus is n-deformyl vincristine (ndf). its structure was clarified by spectroscopic methods.198417340313
polycationic polypeptides: a possible model for the penetration-enhancing factor in the invasion of host cells by toxoplasma gondii.the effect of polycationic polypeptides (polylysine, polyarginine and polyhistidine) on the invasion of mammalian cells and plant protoplasts by toxoplasma gondii was studied. in jm cells, a human lymphoblastoid cell line with t cell characteristics, all polycationic polypeptides used increased the invasion rate in a concentration-dependent manner. this effect and the morphological changes revealed by electron microscopy resembled the action of the penetration-enhancing factor previously describ ...19846736923
antifertility efficacy of catharanthus roseus linn: a biochemical and histological study.oral administration of catharanthus roseus linn, leaf extract caused widespread testicular necrosis, hyalinization of tubules and sertoli cell-only-syndrome. biochemical studies revealing notable reduction in glycogen and fructose levels in reproductive tissues support the histological observations and confirm the antifertility properties of c. roseus extract.19854036518
induction of de-novo synthesis of tryptophan decarboxylase in cell suspensions of catharanthus roseus.tryptophan decarboxylase (ec 4.2.1.27) is synthesized de-novo by catharanthus roseus cells shortly after the cells have been transferred into culture medium in which monoterpenoid indole alkaloids are formed. the enzyme production, monitored by in-vivo labelling with [(35)s]methionine and immunoprecipitation, precedes the apparent maximal enzyme activity by 10-12 h. from the time course of the descending enzyme activity after induction, a half-life of 21 h for tryptophan decarboxylase in c. rose ...198524241615
alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don cell cultures. xiii. effects of bioregulators on indole alkaloid biosynthesis.a study on the effect of various bioregulators on the biosynthesis of ajmalicine (8) and catharanthine (9) in plant tissue cultures of catharanthus roseus is described. it is shown that 1,1-dimethylpiperidine bromide (3) and 2-diethylaminoethyl-3,4-dimethylphenylether (7) are effective in increasing these alkaloid levels in the cell line prl #200. such studies may prove beneficial in larger scale experiments designed for the production of these alkaloids.198524253983
isolation and 13c-nmr studies on cathovaline, an alkaloid from the leaves of catharanthus roseus.studies on the alkaloidal constituents of the leaves of catharanthus roseus have resulted in the isolation of cathovaline. (13)c-nmr studies have been carried out on the alkaloid using adept and apt pulse sequences. cathovaline has not been previously reported from this plant but has been isolated from the roots of catharanthus lanceus (boj. ex. a. de) pich (1) and catharanthus ovalis markgraf, sp. nov. (2).198517342609
partial purification and characterization of a nadph dependent tetrahydroalstonine synthase from catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures.a new enzyme was discovered which specifically hydrogenates the iminium form of cathenamine at position 21 to yield the heteroyohimbine alkaloid tetrahydroalstonine. the enzyme was partially purified (35-fold) from catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures. it was shown to use exclusively nadph as reductant, the ph optimum is at 6.6, the temperature optimum at 30°c, the half life of the soluble enzyme preparation is 26 min at 37°c, and the molecular weight is 81 000 ± 3%. evidence is presente ...198524253886
effect of non - monetary inputs on the yiedling performance of periwinkle (catharanthus sp.).an experiment to study the effect of inter and intra row spacing on the yielding performance of periwinkle species was conducted at nagarjun medicinal and aromatic plants research scheme, p. k. v., akola (m. s.) during 1980 - 81 to 82 - 83. three species viz., catharanthus roseus, catharanthus alba and catharanthus oscillatus did not differ significantly in respect of dried foliage and root yields. inter and intra row spacing of 30 and 20 cm. respectively produced the highest foliage and root yi ...198522557502
late enzymes of vindoline biosynthesis : s-adenosyl-l-methionine: 11-o-demethyl-17-o-deacetylvindoline 11-o-methyltransferase and unspecific acetylesterase.from differentiated plants of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don we have isolated a specific enzyme of the vindoline biosynthetic pathway catalysing the s-adenosylmethionine-dependent methylation of 11-o-demethyl-17-o-deacetyl-vindoline. the enzyme we named s-adenosyl-l-methionine : 11-o-demethyl-17-o-deacetylvindoline 11-o-methyltransferase. this transferase exhibits a high substrate specificity. obviously the o-methylation at c-11 precedes the o-acetylation at the c-17 position during the biosynt ...198524254077
late enzymes of vindoline biosynthesis. acetyl-coa: 17-o-deacetylvindoline 17-o-acetyl-transferase.from differentiated plants of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don, a specific enzyme was isolated and named acetyl-coa : 17-o-deacetylvindoline 17-o-acetyltransferase, acting on the biosynthetic formation of the aspidosperma type alkaloid vindoline.the enzyme shows a high selectivity towards different substrates. the acetyl-coa-dependent transferase also catalyses the reverse reaction by hydrolysis of the 17-o-acetyl group of vindoline in the presence of free coa. this enzyme is localized only in vi ...198524254076
cation stimulation of the proton-translocating redox activity at the plasmalemma of catharanthus roseus cells.cultured catharanthus roseus cells exhibit transmembrane ferricyanide reduction through a plasma membrane redox system which may be associated with proton translocation. evidence shows that endogenous pyridine nucleotides serve as hydrogen donors for the reaction. the proton translocating function of the redox system is confirmed, in intact cells and isolated protoplasts, by the ability of ca(2+) and other cations to increase both the redox activity and the efflux of protons. the role of the cat ...198524254070
a phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance study of phosphate uptake and storage in cultured catharanthus roseus and daucus carota plant cells.high resolution 31p nmr spectra (103.2 mhz) of oxygenated catharanthus roseus and daucus carota cells grown in suspension cultures were obtained using a solenoidal perfusion probe. the spectra showed resonances for various phosphorylated metabolites such as atp, adp, nad(p)(h), nucleoside diphosphoglucose, and sugar phosphates. the relative levels of the phosphorylated metabolites remained constant throughout the growth curve. no resonances for storage compounds such as polyphosphates, pyrophosp ...19853972837
metabolic fate of inorganic phosphate absorbed by suspension cultured cells of catharanthus roseus.the absorption and metabolism of [(32)p]inorganic phosphate (pi) by suspension cultured cells of catharanthus roseus was studied. the cells absorbed 46 % of the pi from fresh medium during the first day after inoculation. more than 90% of the pi had been absorbed by the end of the culture period (10 days). free pi in the cells decreased with growth and more than 85% of the absorbed [(32)p]pi was found as organic phosphates at the stationary phase. a large proportion of the absorbed pi was incorp ...198523196007
immobilization of plant protoplasts: viability studies.protoplasts of daucus carota ca68 and catharanthus roseus have been immobilized by entrapment in gelforming polysaccharides (kappa-carrageenan, agarose and alginate). uniform spherical beads of carrageenan and agarose containing the protoplasts have been prepared by utilizing an inert hydrophobic phase (vegetable oil). the entrapped protoplasts are viable and stabilized towards osmotic shock by the polymeric backbone. standard methods have been used to study the viability and integrity of the en ...198524253638
regulation of product synthesis in cell cultures of catharanthus roseus. effect of culture temperature.a three year old, alkaloid producing cell line of catharanthus roseus, maintained at 25°c, was grown on 2% sucrose at various temperatures from 10° to 45°c. growth rates were maximal at 35°c but declined rapidly above 35°c and below 25°c. maximum serpentine yields reached a peak at between 20°c and 25°c and fell sharply above and below these temperatures, while ajmalicine showed a sharp peak of accumulation at 20°c. the variable serpentine/ajmalicine ratio at different growth temperatures sugges ...198624248397
the proton-pumps at the plasmalemma of catharanthus roseus cells.cultured catharanthus roseus cells exhibit transmembrane ferricyanide (fic) reduction which is associated with a proton translocation and a decrease in the atp content of the cells. the h+ efflux and the atp consumption may be counteracted by vanadate, a specific inhibitor of the atpase activity, and by na2wo4 which prevents fic reduction. from these data it is concluded that the redox chain could be coupled with atp hydrolysis for electrogenic proton extrusion which may involve a redox control ...19862878688
does a proton-pumping atpase exist in the tonoplast?in order to account for the accumulation of metabolites in plant vacuoles, the existence of a proton-pumping atpase has been widely suggested in the literature. the demonstration of such a tonoplast-bound atpase was merely based on the characterization of a nitrate-sensitive microsomal fraction. in some examples, this atpase activity has been evidenced on vacuole preparations obtained under conditions which were criticized by boller. the application of the reverse phase high-performance liquid c ...19862878687
cytoplasmic ph regulation in acer pseudoplatanus cells: i. a p nmr description of acid-load effects.modifications of cytoplasmic ph in acer pseudoplatanus l. cells cultivated in suspension have been induced by acid-loads and studied by using (31)p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the initial drop of cytoplasmic ph, observed in the first minutes of exposure to weak lipophilic acids, was followed by a slow recovery to reach a plateau phase with a ph value lower than the initial one. conversely, removal of the acid led to a sharp increase of cytoplasmic ph with in most cases an overshoot ...198616665119
growth kinetics of dioscorea deltoidea and catharanthus roseus in batch culture.sugar-limited batch growth of dioscorea deltoidea and catharanthus roseus plant cell cultures was studied in a 14-l stirred tank fermentor. with dissolved oxygen concentration monitored and maintained at nonlimiting levels, growth rates and ratios of dry weight to fresh weight were found to be strongly influenced by sugar concentration. linear relationships between respiration rate and growth rate were observed, and respiration rate was found to drop to a maintenance level after sugar had been f ...198618553873
permeabilization of plant cells: (31)p nmr studies on the permeability of the tonoplast.a suspension culture of catharanthus roseus has been used to study the permeability of cell membranes after treatment with various concentrations of a permeabilizing agent (dmso). the uptake and release (after permeabilization) of inorganic phosphate (pi) by cells have been investigated by (32)p radiotracer and non-invasive phosphorus-31 nmr experiments. these studies have demonstrated that measurements of the pi-efflux from plant cells provide a reliable measure of the permeability of the tonop ...198624247956
geraniol-10-hydroxylase of catharanthus roseus and its correlation with indole alkaloid biosynthesis. 198617345379
indole alkaloid accumulation and tryptophan decarboxylase activity in catharanthus roseus cells cultured in three different media.catharanthus roseus cells were cultured in three types of media. these media were: a low sucrose subculture medium and two high sucrose media, each of which differed in their mineral and hormonal contents. the kinetics of tryptophan decarboxylase activity and the accumulations of tryptophan, tryptamine, ajmalicine and serpentine were different in each series but no correlation between maximum enzyme activity and alkaloid contents was observed. ajmalicine and serpentine productions were unaffecte ...198624247959
alkaloid accumulation in ca-alginate entrapped cells of catharanthus roseus: using a limiting growth medium.the limitation of growth of catharanthus roseus cells was investigated with a view to their entrapment in a ca-alginate matrix. an examination of the effects of lowered 2,4-d and phosphate concentrations on cell viability and indole alkaloid biosynthesis enabled a growth limiting and product formation stimulating medium to be designed. entrapped cells showed a retention of both respiratory activity and biosynthetic capacity over an extended period of time compared with free cells. evidence is pr ...198624248253
photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures of periwinkle (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don): transition from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic growth.chlorophyllous, heterotrophic periwinkle (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don) cells were capable of sustained photoautotrophic growth in sugar-free b5 medium containing naphthaleneacetic acid and kinetin when provided with a co2-enriched atmosphere. an increase in cell fresh weight, first observed approximately 2 weeks after transfer from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic conditions, coincided with the development of maximum chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity. electron micrographs reve ...198624248131
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