Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted ascending)
Filter
[industrialization of medicinal plant tissue culture].compared with other countries, the industrialization of medicinal plant tissue culture is more important for our country because china is consuming and exporting the most amounts of herb materials in the world. each year, many papers and patents are published on cell cultures of popular medicinal plants, such as taxus sp., catharanthus roseus, and panax ginseng, and, meanwhile, the research on organ cultures of medicinal plants is increasing very quickly, which is deepening the study of medicina ...200315139118
molecular cloning and characterization of a glucosyltransferase catalyzing glucosylation of curcumin in cultured catharanthus roseus cells.catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures are capable of converting exogenously supplied curcumin to various glucosides. the glucosylation efficiency is enhanced by addition of methyl jasmonate (mj) to the cultures prior to curcumin administration. two cdnas encoding udp-glucosyltransferases (caugt1 and caugt2) were isolated from a cdna library of cultured c. roseus cells, using a pcr method directed at the conserved udp-binding domain of plant glycosyltransferases. the sequence identity betw ...200415178322
vindoline synthesis in in vitro shoot cultures of catharanthus roseus.vindoline, the major alkaloid in cultures of catharanthus roseus shoots, reached 2 mg g(-1) dry wt after 27 d in culture. maximal vindoline accumulation coincided with maximum activities of deacetoxyvindoline 4-hydroxylase, deacetylvindoline acetyl-coa acetyl transferase and tryptophan decarboxylase. shoot exposure to jasmonate shortened the time required for the maximal vindoline accumulation to 14 d.200415200179
novel bisindole derivatives of catharanthus alkaloids with potential cytotoxic properties.pantropical plant catharanthus roseus (l) g. don is known as a source of valuable bisindole alkaloids: vinblastine (vbl) and vincristine (vcr), oncolytics widely used as sulfates in therapy of malignant diseases. they are biosynthesized in the plant from monoindolic vindoline and catharanthine, both derived from l-tryptophan and loganine units. in the course of phytochemical screening of this plant cultivated in poland and considered as a home source of vbl and vcr we developed a new isolation m ...200315206784
growth and terpenoid indole alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus hairy root clones in relation to left- and right-termini-linked ri t-dna gene integration.hairy root cultures of catharanthus roseus var. prabal were established by infecting the leaves with agrobacterium rhizogenes agropine-type a4 strain. two hundred and fifty independent root clones were evaluated for growth, morphology, number of integration of ri t-dna genes and alkaloid contents. on the basis of growth pattern, type of branching and number of lateral roots we were able to separate the hairy root clones into four categories. however based on the integration of the ri t(l)-dna an ...200415221274
alkaloid accumulation in catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures fed with stemmadenine.feeding stemmadenine to catharanthus roseus cell suspension culture resulted in the accumulation of catharanthine, tabersonine and condylocarpine. condylocarpine is not an intermediate in the pathway to catharanthine or tabersonine when it is fed to the cultures. the results support the hypothesis that stemmadenine is an intermediate in the pathway to catharanthine and tabersonine.200415269549
salt-induced lipid changes in catharanthus roseus cultured cell suspensions.salt treatment strongly affected cell growth by decreasing dry weight. exposure of catharanthus roseus cell suspensions to increasing salinity significantly enhanced total lipid (tl) content. the observed increase is mainly due to high level of phospholipids (pl). hundred mm nacl treatment increased phospholipid species phosphatidylcholine (pc) and phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), whereas it reduced glycolipid ones monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (mgdg) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg) but not s ...200415279997
metabolic discrimination of catharanthus roseus leaves infected by phytoplasma using 1h-nmr spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis.a comprehensive metabolomic profiling of catharanthus roseus l. g. don infected by 10 types of phytoplasmas was carried out using one-dimensional and two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy followed by principal component analysis (pca), an unsupervised clustering method requiring no knowledge of the data set and used to reduce the dimensionality of multivariate data while preserving most of the variance within it. with a combination of these techniques, we were able to identify those metabolites that ...200415286294
alkaloid metabolism in wounded catharanthus roseus seedlings.the effect of mechanical wounding on alkaloid metabolism was analyzed in catharanthus roseus seedlings. wounding induced an increase in ajmalicine accumulation, whereas catharanthine remained unaffected. a positive dual effect on vindoline was noticed. short and mid-term effects were detected between 12 and 24 h after mechanical damage was inflicted, and apparently resulted from the accelerated transformation of the tabersonine intermediaries to vindoline. long-term effects involved a generalize ...201615331091
zinc finger proteins act as transcriptional repressors of alkaloid biosynthesis genes in catharanthus roseus.in catharanthus roseus cell suspensions, the expression of several terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic genes, including two genes encoding strictosidine synthase (str) and tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc), is coordinately induced by fungal elicitors such as yeast extract. to identify molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of these genes, a yeast one-hybrid screening was performed with an elicitor-responsive part of the tdc promoter. this screening identified three members of the cys(2)/ ...200415465826
elicitor-induced nitric oxide burst is essential for triggering catharanthine synthesis in catharanthus roseus suspension cells.elicitor prepared from the cell walls of penicillium citrinum induced multiple responses in catharanthus roseus suspension cells, including rapid generation of nitric oxide (no), sequentially followed by enhancement of catharanthine production by c. roseus cells. elicitor-induced catharanthine biosynthesis was blocked by no-specific scavenger 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide and nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibitor s,s'-1,3-phenylene-bis(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis-isothi ...200515480633
metabolic engineering of the indole pathway in catharanthus roseus hairy roots and increased accumulation of tryptamine and serpentine.transgenic hairy roots of catharanthus roseus were established with glucocorticoid inducible tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc) expression alone or in combination with inducible expression of a feedback-resistant anthranilate synthase alpha subunit (asalpha) from arabidopsis. northern blot analysis confirmed transcription of the anthranilate synthase gene upon induction in the double line (tdc+asalpha) and in vitro enzyme assays confirmed increased resistance to feedback inhibition by tryptophan. in ...200415491856
distribution of phytoplasmas in infected plants as revealed by real-time pcr and bioimaging.phytoplasmas are cell wall-less bacteria inhabiting the phloem and utilizing it for their spread. infected plants often show changes in growth pattern and a reduced crop yield. a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-pcr) assay and a bioimaging method were developed to quantify and localize phytoplasmas in situ. according to the q-pcr assay, phytoplasmas accumulated disproportionately in source leaves of euphorbia pulcherrima and, to a lesser extent, in petioles of source leaves an ...200415553243
allelic differences at two loci govern different mechanisms of intraflower self-pollination in self-pollinating strains of periwinkle.periwinkle [catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don], an ornamental and medicinal plant, is a self-compatible, insect-pollinated plant species in which intraflower self-pollination does not occur because of spatial separation of the stigma and anthers. recently three self-pollinating strains-mj, vi, and or-were identified. self-pollination in these strains was found to be brought about by continuous increase in gynoecium length from anthesis to self-pollination, in contrast to non-self-pollinating strai ...200615598715
activation of the oxidative burst by yeast elicitor in catharanthus roseus cells occurs independently of the activation of genes involved in alkaloid biosynthesis.in catharanthus roseus cell suspensions, expression of several terpenoid indole alkaloid (tia) biosynthetic genes, including those encoding strictosidine synthase and tryptophan decarboxylase, is coordinately induced by fungal elicitors such as yeast extract (ye). this induction is mediated by several signaling steps including the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid, and the activation of the jasmonic acid-responsive orca transcription factors. we investigated a possible role of reactive oxygen specie ...200415604717
enhancement of ajmalicine production in catharanthus roseus cell cultures with methyl jasmonate is dependent on timing and dosage of elicitation.the optimum growth stage for enhancing ajmalicine production in catharanthus roseus cultures with methyl jasmonate (mj) was after 6 d growth. mj added at 10 or 100 microm on day 6 gave a maximum ajmalicine production of 10.2 mg l(-1), a 300% increase over that of non-elicited cultures.200415604804
[advances in the study of vincristine: an anticancer ingredient from catharanthus roseus].vincristine is a dimer-indo-alkaloid which is extracted from the leaves of catharanthus roseus. it is effective to treat acute lymphocytic cell leukemia, hodgkin disease and non-hodgkin disease clinically. but the severe side effects, such as neurotoxic and tissue damage, limit its application. in this paper, we summarize physical, chemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetical properties of vcr and advances in decreasing its side effects. in clinic, association with other medication is adopted ...200315615402
synthesis and biological evaluation with plant cells of new fosmidomycin analogues containing a benzoxazolone or oxazolopyridinone ring.fosmidomycin, 3-(n-formyl-n-hydroxyamido) propylphosphonic acid sodium salt, is an efficient inhibitor of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate (doxp) reductoisomerase, the second enzyme of the 2c-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (mep) pathway notably present in plasmodium species. we have synthesized a new series of analogues of fosmidomycin, containing a benzoxazolone, benzoxazolethione or oxazolopyridinone ring. as the mep pathway is involved in the biosynthesis of all isoprenoids, accumulation of aj ...200415662959
methyljasmonate accelerates catabolism of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids in catharanthus roseus during leaf processing.variations in alkaloid pattern during drying of leaves (leaf processing) showed that treatment with methyljasmonate can induce formation of bisindole alkaloids as a result of catabolism of the monomeric alkaloids catharanthine and vindoline. a two-fold increase in 3',4'-anhydrovinblastine was shown in treated leaves especially from day 8 until day 21. serpentine also increased in the same period under the treatment as a catabolic product of ajmalicine. basic peroxidases that are responsible for ...200515664467
sugar import and phytopathogenicity of spiroplasma citri: glucose and fructose play distinct roles.we have shown previously that the glucose pts (phosphotransferase system) permease enzyme ii of spiroplasma citri is split into two distinct polypeptides, which are encoded by two separate genes, crr and ptsg. a s. citri mutant was obtained by disruption of ptsg through homologous recombination and was proved unable to import glucose. the ptsg mutant (gii3-glc1) was transmitted to periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) plants through injection to the leaf-hopper vector. in contrast to the previously c ...200515672816
simultaneous quantification of some pharmaceutical catharanthus roseus leaf and root terpenoid indole alkaloids and their precursors in single runs by reversed-phase liquid chromatography.a new, rapid, sensitive, and reproducible reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (lc) method with photodiode array detection is described. it allows, in a single run of 30 min, simultaneous separation of 6 pharmaceutically and biologically important catharanthus roseus leaf and root terpenoid indole alkaloids (tias) and 3 of their precursors: tia precursors tryptophan, tryptamine, and loganine; and tias serpentine, catharanthine, ajmalicine, vincristine, vinblastine, and vindoline. the method inv ...200815675438
proteome analysis of the medicinal plant catharanthus roseus.a proteomic approach is undertaken aiming at the identification of novel proteins involved in the alkaloid biosynthesis of catharanthus roseus. the c. roseus cell suspension culture a11 accumulates the terpenoid indole alkaloids strictosidine, ajmalicine and vindolinine. cells were grown for 21 days, and alkaloid accumulation was monitored during this period. after a rapid increase between day 3 and day 6, the alkaloid content reached a maximum on day 16. systematic analysis of the proteome was ...200515682277
expression of terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic pathway genes corresponds to accumulation of related alkaloids in catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don.madagascar periwinkle, catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don, a medicinally important plant, produces anticancer dimeric alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine, in the leaves and accumulates antihypertensive alkaloids, ajmalicine and serpentine, in the roots. this plant grows wild in distant tropical and sub-tropical geographical locations with different agro-climates and shows wide variations in morphological and alkaloid yield-related traits. in order to understand the correlation between the expres ...200515714355
purification, molecular cloning, and cell-specific gene expression of the alkaloid-accumulation associated protein crps in catharanthus roseus.identification of molecular markers of monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (mia) accumulation in cell-suspension cultures of madagascar periwinkle (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don) was performed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. comparison of the protein patterns from alkaloid-producing and non-producing cells showed the specific occurrence of a 28 kda polypeptide restricted to cells accumulating mias. the polypeptide was purified by preparative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ...200515737982
effect of nitric oxide on catharanthine production and growth of catharanthus roseus suspension cells.sodium nitroprusside (snp) was used as the donor of nitric oxide (no) to investigate its effect on catharanthine synthesis and the growth of catharanthus roseus suspension cells. the results showed that snp at high concentrations (10.0 and 20.0 mmol/l) stimulated catharanthine formation of c. roseus cells, but inhibited growth of the cells. low concentrations of snp (0.1 and 0.5 mmol/l) enhanced the growth of c. roseus cells, but had no effect on catharanthine synthesis. the maximum total cathar ...200515744842
combinatorial natural products: from cloning to analysis.medicinal compounds from plants represent one of the largest and most diverse groups of plant secondary metabolites. the advent of advanced bioinformatics tools and modern genetic technology allowed for manipulation of biosynthetic pathways with the potential of generating novel chemical entities. first, public databases of secondary metabolite related enzymes were interrogated to identify relevant plant genes from vinca rosea (catharanthus roseus) and other species. genes of interest were teste ...200515790307
plant cell culture monitoring using an in situ multiwavelength fluorescence probe.a multiwavelength fluorescence probe is proposed for in situ monitoring of eschscholtzia californica and catharanthus roseus plant cell cultures. the potential of the probe as a tool for real-time estimation of biomass and production in secondary metabolites has been studied. the probe excitation range is 270-550 nm and the emission range is 310-590 nm, with a step of 20 nm for both excitation and emission filters. many endogenous fluorophores such as nad(p)h, riboflavins (riboflavin and derivat ...201315801802
characterization of a polyclonal antiserum against the monoterpene monooxygenase, geraniol 10-hydroxylase from catharanthus roseus.geraniol 10-hydroxylase (g10h) is a p450 containing enzyme which is the first committed step in the biosynthesis of monoterpene indole alkaloids (mias), including the catharanthus roseus-anticancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine. it is thought that g10h has a regulatory role in mia production. in the present paper, we report the characterization of a polyclonal serum raised against the purified g10h polypeptide. anti-g10h igg was able to inhibit the g10h activity and also recognized the g10h ...200515900881
cytochrome p450 2d6 (cyp2d6) inhibitory constituents of catharanthus roseus.the meoh-soluble fraction of the water extract of catharanthus roseus from indonesia, having shown potent inhibitory activity on the metabolism mediated by cyp2d6, was subjected to activity-guided isolation to yield two triterpenes, ursolic acid (1) and oleanolic acid (2), and three alkaloids, vindoline (3), ajmalicine (4), and serpentine (5). the isolated compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity on the metabolism mediated by cyp3a4 or cyp2d6 using [n-methyl-14c]erythromycin or [o-met ...200515930738
caax-prenyltransferases are essential for expression of genes involvedin the early stages of monoterpenoid biosynthetic pathway in catharanthus roseus cells.caax-prenyltransferases (caax-ptases) catalyse the covalent attachment of isoprenyl groups to conserved cysteine residues located at the c-terminal caax motif of a protein substrate. this post-translational modification is required for the function and/or subcellular localization of some transcription factors and components of signal transduction and membrane trafficking machinery. caax-ptases, including protein farnesyltransferase (pft) and type-i protein geranylgeranyltransferase (pggt-i), are ...200515952070
phytic acid synthesis and vacuolar accumulation in suspension-cultured cells of catharanthus roseus induced by high concentration of inorganic phosphate and cations.we have established a new system for studying phytic acid, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (insp(6)) synthesis in suspension-cultured cells of catharanthus. insp(6) and other intermediates of myo-inositol (ins) phosphate metabolism were measured using an ion chromatography method. the detection limit for insp(6) was less than 50 nm, which was sufficient to analyze ins phosphates in living cells. synthesis of ins phosphates was induced by incubation in high inorganic phosphate medium. insp(6) was m ...200515965017
cytokinin and ethylene control indole alkaloid production at the level of the mep/terpenoid pathway in catharanthus roseus suspension cells.the madagascar periwinkle catharanthus roseus accumulates a number of terpenoid indole alkaloids, some of which have high therapeutic interest. the biotechnological approach with cells in vitro remains an alternative to the field culture of periwinkle for the production of such compounds. we previously reported that two phytohormones, cytokinin and ethylene, remarkably enhanced the accumulation of alkaloids in periwinkle cell suspensions. in this work, we investigated the effects of these hormon ...200515971133
[role of elements and physiologically active compounds in the regulation of synthesis and accumulation of indole alkaloids in catharanthus roseus l].effects of various elements (co, ni, zn, w, mn, cr, b, mo, fe, and v), natural and synthetic auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellin on biosynthesis and accumulation of indole alkaloids was studied at increasing concentrations in the model system of madagascar periwinkle seedlings (catharanthus roseus l.). the main types of concentration dependences for the effect of physiologically active compounds under study were evaluated. a possible mechanism of the influence of zn and auxin on this process was ...200615977796
processing methods for differential analysis of lc/ms profile data.liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (lc/ms) has been widely used in proteomics and metabolomics research. in this context, the technology has been increasingly used for differential profiling, i.e. broad screening of biomolecular components across multiple samples in order to elucidate the observed phenotypes and discover biomarkers. one of the major challenges in this domain remains development of better solutions for processing of lc/ms data.200516026613
fosmidomycin analogues as inhibitors of monoterpenoid indole alkaloid production in catharanthus roseus cells.substituted 3-[2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl]oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-2(3h)-ones were obtained by functionalization at 6-position with various substituents (aryl, vinyl, carbonyl chains) via reactions catalysed with palladium. we found that these new fosmidomycin analogues inhibited the accumulation of ajmalicine, a marker of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids production in plant cells. some of them have greater inhibitory effect than fosmidomycin and fully inhibit alkaloid accumulation at the concentr ...200516054176
[a study on the hairy root culture and antitumor alkaloids production of catharanthus roseus].to establish transformation system and obtain alkaloids from the hairy root of catharanthus roseus.200516075710
biotransformation of alpha-santonin by cell suspension cultures of five plants.cell suspension cultures of five plants (catharanthus roseus, ginkgo biloba, platycodon grandiflorum, taxus cuspidata, phytolacca asinosa) were employed to bioconvert the eudesmanolide compound, alpha-santonin. reactions occurring were hydroxylation (c-1, c-11 and c-15), reduction of the double bond [1(2) or 3(4)], rearrangment of the eudesmanolide skeleton to a guaianolide skeleton and lactone-ring hydrolysis. four new compounds were identified.200516086262
ajmalicine production in methyl jasmonate-induced catharanthus roseus cell cultures depends on ca2+ level.cytosolic ca(2+) and jasmonate mediate signals that induce defense responses in plants. in this study, the interaction between ca(2+) and methyl jasmonate (mj) in modulating defense responses was investigated by monitoring ajmalicine production in catharanthus roseus suspension cultures. c. roseus suspensions were treated with nine combinations of cacl(2) (3, 23, and 43 mm) and mj (0, 10, and 100 microm) on day 6 of growth. increased ca(2+) influx through the addition of extracellular cacl(2) su ...200516094527
expression of the arabidopsis feedback-insensitive anthranilate synthase holoenzyme and tryptophan decarboxylase genes in catharanthus roseus hairy roots.in plants, the indole pathway provides precursors for a variety of secondary metabolites. in catharanthus roseus, a decarboxylated derivative of tryptophan, tryptamine, is a building block for the biosynthesis of terpenoid indole alkaloids. previously, we manipulated the indole pathway by introducing an arabidopsis feedback-insensitive anthranilate synthase (as) alpha subunit (trp5) cdna and c. roseus tryptophan decarboxylase gene (tdc) under the control of a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter in ...200616188339
transient effects of overexpressing anthranilate synthase alpha and beta subunits in catharanthus roseus hairy roots.catharanthus roseus produces two economically valuable anticancer drugs, vinblastine and vincristine. these drugs are members of the terpenoid indole alkaloids and accumulate in small quantities within the plant; thus these two drugs are expensive to produce. metabolic engineering efforts have focused on increasing the alkaloids in this pathway through various means such as elicitation, precursor feeding, and gene overexpression. recently we successfully expressed arabidopsis genes encoding a fe ...200616209565
simultaneous determination of vincristine, vinblastine, catharanthine, and vindoline in leaves of catharanthus roseus by high-performance liquid chromatography.a simple reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method is developed for the simultaneous quantitation of the anticancerous drugs vincristine, vinblastine, and their precursors catharanthine and vindoline using a merck chromolith performance reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography column. a better resolution is obtained in comparison with available particulate-type c18 columns. the column provides good reproducibility and peak symmetry. chromatography is carried isocratically with a ...200516212789
rapid identification of vinca alkaloids by direct-injection electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry and confirmation by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.a simple and rapid method for the identification of vinca alkaloids from a crude extract of catharanthus roseus g. don (apocynaceae) by direct-injection electrospray ionisation (esi) and tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) has been developed. the alkaloids vindoline, vindolidine, vincristine and vinblastine were evaluated in a commercial extract of c. roseus using this method. catharanthine and its isomers 19s-vindolinine and vindolinine were detected in the commercial product by direct injection e ...200616223089
development of an apparatus for monitoring protoplast isolation from plant tissues based on both dielectric and optical methods.in order to develop a method allowing objective determination of the optimal conditions for the isolation of protoplasts, the process of protoplast isolation from plant tissues was quantitatively evaluated. first, a specialized spectrophotometer cuvette (working volume = 2.0 ml) was designed for the continuous monitoring of protoplast isolation from plant tissues based on the optical method. homogeneous mixing of tissue sections and the protoplast suspension in the cuvette was accomplished by me ...199916232551
production of 5'-phosphodiesterase by catharanthus roseus cells promoted by heat-degraded products generated from uronic acid.polyalginate was autoclaved at 121 degrees c for 20 min and its molecular weight distribution was analyzed. the autoclaved alginate yielded alginate polymer, oligomer and heat degraded products (hdps). each of the separated substances promoted 5'-phosphodiesterase (5'-pdase) production in suspension culture of catharanthus roseus cells. hdps could also be generated from other uronic acids (galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid) by autoclave treatment. the most effective substance in the hdps was ...200216233285
a novel hydroxylase from catharanthus roseus participating in the hydroxylation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid.a novel 55-kda hydroxylase was isolated from cultured cells of catharanthus roseus by a three-step procedure: anion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography and hydroxylapatite adsorption chromatography. the enzyme specifically catalyzed the hydroxylation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid to give 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. the enzyme activity was optimal at ph 7.8 and was completely inhibited by divalent cations, such as cu(2+) and hg(2+). the enzyme showed sequence similarity to certain plant fl ...200416233668
development of a novel system for producing ajmalicine and serpentine using direct culture of leaves in catharanthus roseus intact plant.due to problems of production instability, the production of plant secondary metabolites using dedifferentiated cells (callus) is not always feasible on an industrial scale. to propose a new methodology, which does not use dedifferentiated cells, a novel system for producing useful secondary metabolites using the direct culture of intact plant leaves was developed. catharanthus roseus was used as a model medicinal plant to produce terpenoid indole alkaloids (tias) by suspension culture of the le ...200516233779
effects of terpenoid precursor feeding on catharanthus roseus hairy roots over-expressing the alpha or the alpha and beta subunits of anthranilate synthase.among the pharmacologically important terpenoid indole alkaloids produced by catharanthus roseus are the anti-cancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine. these two drugs are produced in small yields within the plant, which makes them expensive to produce commercially. metabolic engineering has focused on increasing flux through this pathway by various means such as elicitation, precursor feeding, and introduction of genes encoding specific metabolic enzymes into the plant. recently in our lab, a f ...200616240438
terpenoid indole alkaloid production by catharanthus roseus hairy roots induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring rol abc genes.we have established catharanthus roseus hairy root cultures transgenic for the rol abc genes from t(l)-dna of the agropine-type agrobacterium rhizogenes strain a4. the rol abc hairy root lines exhibit a wild-type hairy root syndrome in terms of growth and morphology on solid medium. however, they differ from wild-type hairy root lines in that they more frequently have excellent adaptability to liquid medium and do not appear to form calli during cultivation. moreover, they do not produce detecta ...200616261632
localization of tabersonine 16-hydroxylase and 16-oh tabersonine-16-o-methyltransferase to leaf epidermal cells defines them as a major site of precursor biosynthesis in the vindoline pathway in catharanthus roseus.the madagascar periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) produces the well known and remarkably complex anticancer dimeric alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine, which are derived by the coupling of vindoline and catharanthine monomers. recent data from in situ rna hybridization and immunolocalization suggest that combinatorial cell factories within the leaf are involved in vindoline biosynthesis. in this study, the cell types responsible for vindoline biosynthesis were identified by laser-capture microd ...200516262708
magnetic field exposure stiffens regenerating plant protoplast cell walls.single suspension-cultured plant cells (catharanthus roseus) and their protoplasts were anchored to a glass plate and exposed to a magnetic field of 302 +/- 8 mt for several hours. compression forces required to produce constant cell deformation were measured parallel to the magnetic field by means of a cantilever-type force sensor. exposure of intact cells to the magnetic field did not result in any changes within experimental error, while exposure of regenerating protoplasts significantly incr ...200616304695
effect of long-term phosphate starvation on the levels and metabolism of purine nucleotides in suspension-cultured catharanthus roseus cells.the effect of long-term phosphate (pi) starvation of up to 3 weeks on the levels of purine nucleotides and related compounds was examined using suspension-cultured catharanthus roseus cells. levels of adenine and guanine nucleotides, especially atp and gtp, were markedly reduced during pi-starvation. there was an increase in the activity of rnase, dnase, 5'- and 3'-nucleotidases and acid phosphatase, which may participate in the hydrolysis of nucleic acids and nucleotides. accumulation of adenos ...200616321409
epidermis is a pivotal site of at least four secondary metabolic pathways in catharanthus roseus aerial organs.catharanthus roseus produces a wide range of secondary metabolites, some of which present high therapeutic values such as antitumoral monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (mias), vinblastine and vincristine, and the hypotensive mia, ajmalicine. we have recently shown that a complex multicellular organisation of the mia biosynthetic pathway occurred in c. roseus aerial organs. in particular, the final steps of both the secoiridoid-monoterpene and indole pathways specifically occurred in the epidermis o ...200616322983
isolation of a cdna encoding the alpha-subunit of caax-prenyltransferases from catharanthus roseus and the expression of the active recombinant protein farnesyltransferase.crfta/ggt_ia (af525030), a cdna encoding the ?-subunit of the two types of caax-prenyltransferase (caax-ptase), i.e. protein farnesyltransferase (pft) and type i protein geranylgeranyltransferase, was cloned from catharanthus roseus via a pcr strategy. crfta/ggt_ia is 1381-bp long and bears a 999-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 332 residues (fta) that shares 66% identity with its lycopersicon esculentum orthologue. southern blot analysis revealed that fta is encoded by a single gene ...200516341273
nonradioactive screening method for isolation of disease-specific probes to diagnose plant diseases caused by mycoplasmalike organisms.dna fragments of tomato big bud (bb) mycoplasmalike organism (mlo) in diseased periwinkle plants (catharanthus roseus l.) were cloned to psp6 plasmid vectors and amplified in escherichia coli jm83. a nonradioactive method was developed and used to screen for mlo-specific recombinants. cloned dna probes were prepared by nick translation of the mlo recombinant plasmids by using biotinylated nucleotides. the probes all hybridized with nucleic acid from bb mlo-infected, but not healthy, plants. resu ...199016348195
genetic interrelatedness among clover proliferation mycoplasmalike organisms (mlos) and other mlos investigated by nucleic acid hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses.dna was isolated from clover proliferation (cp) mycoplasmalike organism (mlo)-diseased periwinkle plants (catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don.) and cloned into psp6 plasmid vectors. cp mlo-specific recombinant dna clones were biotin labeled and used as probes in dot hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses to study the genetic interrelatedness among cp mlo and other mlos, including potato witches'-broom (pwb) mlo. results from dot hybridization analyses indicated that both ...199116348604
effect of salinity and different nitrogen sources on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and indole alkaloid content in catharanthus roseus seedlings.the activities of antioxidant enzymes viz. glutathione reductase, gr; superoxide dismutase, sod; peroxidase, pod; catalase, cat and glutathione-s-transferase, gst and alkaloid accumulation were investigated in leaf pairs (apical, middle, basal) and in roots of catharanthus roseus seedlings under the conditions of different nitrogen sources (20 mm kno(3) and 2 mm nh(4)cl) and salinity, in the absence (non-saline control) and in the presence of 100 mm nacl in the nutrient solution. salinity caused ...200616360799
cyp3a4 and cyp2d6 inhibitory activities of indonesian medicinal plants.thirty samples of indonesian medicinal plants were analyzed for their capacity to inhibit in vitro metabolism by human cytochrome p450 3a4 (cyp3a4) and cyp2d6 with a radiometric assay. the meoh-soluble fractions of 25 samples, prepared from water extracts, demonstrated inhibitory activity more than 50% on the metabolism mediated by cyp3a4, and 21 samples on the metabolism mediated by cyp2d6. among the meoh-soluble fractions, piper nigrum leaf showed the highest inhibitory activity against cyp3a4 ...200616360935
precursor limitations in methyl jasmonate-induced catharanthus roseus cell cultures.jasmonates enhance the expression of various genes involved in terpenoid indole alkaloid (tia) biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus. we applied precursor feeding to our c. roseus suspensions to determine how methyl jasmonate (mj) alters the precursor availability for tia biosynthesis. c. roseus suspensions were induced with mj (100 microm) on day 6 and fed loganin (0.30 mm), tryptamine (0.15 mm), loganin plus tryptamine, or geraniol (0.1-1.0 mm) on day 7. while mj increased ajmalicine production ...200616432630
development of a kinetic metabolic model: application to catharanthus roseus hairy root.a kinetic metabolic model describing catharanthus roseus hairy root growth and nutrition was developed. the metabolic network includes glycolysis, pentose-phosphate pathway, tca cycle and the catabolic reactions leading to cell building blocks such as amino acids, organic acids, organic phosphates, lipids and structural hexoses. the central primary metabolic network was taken at pseudo-steady state and metabolic flux analysis technique allowed reducing from 31 metabolic fluxes to 20 independent ...200616453114
micropropagation: a tool for the production of high quality plant-based medicines.medicinal plants are the most important source of life saving drugs for the majority of the world's population. the biotechnological tools are important to select, multiply and conserve the critical genotypes of medicinal plants. plant tissue culture techniques offer an integrated approach for the production of standardized quality phytopharmaceutical through mass-production of consistent plant material for physiological characterization and analysis of active ingredients. micropropagation proto ...200616472132
gene-to-metabolite networks for terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus cells.rational engineering of complicated metabolic networks involved in the production of biologically active plant compounds has been greatly impeded by our poor understanding of the regulatory and metabolic pathways underlying the biosynthesis of these compounds. whereas comprehensive genome-wide functional genomics approaches can be successfully applied to analyze a select number of model plants, these holistic approaches are not yet available for the study of nonmodel plants that include most, if ...200616565214
methylation of sulfhydryl groups: a new function for a family of small molecule plant o-methyltransferases.in plants, type i and ii s-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent o-methyltransferases (omts) catalyze most hydroxyl group methylations of small molecules. a homology-based rt-pcr strategy using catharanthus roseus (madagascar periwinkle) rna previously identified six new type i plant omt family members. we now describe the molecular and biochemical characterization of a seventh protein. it shares 56-58% identity with caffeic acid omts (comts), but it failed to methylate comt substrates, and had no act ...200616623883
auxins induce tryptophan decarboxylase activity in radicles of catharanthus seedlings.germinating seedlings of catharanthus roseus produce monoterpenoid indole alkaloids as a result of a transient increase of tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc) activity. the influence of auxins on this transient rise of tdc activity was studied. external application of indolebutyric acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at a concentration of 20 to 40 mum enhanced and prolonged the rise in tdc activity in developing seedlings. auxin treatment also influenced the morphology of the seedlings; it induced ...199216653009
phytochrome is involved in the light-regulation of vindoline biosynthesis in catharanthus.the enzyme acetylcoenzyme a:deacetylvindoline 4-o-acetyl-transferase (dat) catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of the monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, vindoline. previous studies have shown that the appearance of dat activity in etiolated seedlings of catharanthus roseus is induced by exposure of seedlings to light and that enzyme activity is restricted principally to the cotyledons. evidence is now presented that phytochrome is involved in the light-mediated induction of dat activity in ...199216653011
molecular analysis and heterologous expression of an inducible cytochrome p-450 protein from periwinkle (catharanthus roseus l.).we screened cdna libraries from periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) cell cultures induced for indole alkaloid synthesis and selected clones for induced cytochrome p-450 (p-450) proteins by differential hybridization, size of the hybridizing mrna, and presence of amino acid motifs conserved in many p-450 families. four cdnas satisfying these criteria were analyzed in detail. they were grouped in two classes (pcros1, pcros2) that represented two closely related genes of a new p-450 family designated ...199216653087
nucleotide sequence of a cdna encoding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase from catharanthus roseus. 199216653173
a p nuclear magnetic resonance study of intracellular ph of plant cells cultivated in liquid medium.(31)p nuclear magnetic resonance has been used to study the vacuolar and cytoplasmic ph of acer pseudoplatanus, catharanthus roseus, and glycine max cells grown as cell suspensions. the adaptation of this technique to plant cells grown in liquid medium is described with emphasis on the removal of mn(2+) and phosphate from the extracellular medium and on providing the o(2) supply of the cells in the nuclear magnetic resonance tube and the various problems of calibration. aerobic and anaerobic cel ...198216662631
freezing characteristics of cultured catharanthus roseus (l). g. don cells treated with dimethylsulfoxide and sorbitol in relation to cryopreservation.the freezing behavior of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) and sorbitol solutions and periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) cells treated with dmso and sorbitol alone and in combination was examined by nuclear magnetic resonance and differential thermal analysis. incorporation of dmso or sorbitol into the liquid growth medium had a significant effect in the temperature range for initiation to completion of ice crystallization. compared to the control, less water crystallized at temperatures below -30 degrees ...198416663694
cryopreservation of alkaloid-producing cell cultures of periwinkle (catharanthus roseus).a procedure for cryogenic storage of alkaloid producing cell lines of periwinkle, catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don., has been developed. the procedure differs from established cryopreservation protocols in several aspects. specifically, 4-day-old suspension subcultures of three cell lines were precultured in nutrient media supplemented with 1 molar sorbitol for 6 to 20 hours. the cells were then incubated in nutrient media with 1 molar sorbitol plus 5% dmso in an ice bath for 1 hour and, thereaft ...198416663695
cytoplasmic ph regulation in acer pseudoplatanus cells: i. a p nmr description of acid-load effects.modifications of cytoplasmic ph in acer pseudoplatanus l. cells cultivated in suspension have been induced by acid-loads and studied by using (31)p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the initial drop of cytoplasmic ph, observed in the first minutes of exposure to weak lipophilic acids, was followed by a slow recovery to reach a plateau phase with a ph value lower than the initial one. conversely, removal of the acid led to a sharp increase of cytoplasmic ph with in most cases an overshoot ...198616665119
subcellular localization of enzymes involved in indole alkaloid biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus.the subcellular localization of enzymes involved in indole alkaloid biosynthesis in leaves of catharanthus roseus has been investigated. tryptophan decarboxylase and strictosidine synthase which together produce strictosidine, the first indole alkaloid of this pathway, are both cytoplasmic enzymes. s-adenosyl-l-methionine: 16-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxytabersonine-n-methyltransferase which catalyses the third to last step in vindoline biosynthesis could be localized in the chloroplasts of cath ...198716665811
developmental regulation of enzymes of indole alkaloid biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus.developing seedlings of catharanthus roseus were analyzed for appearance of tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc), strictosidine synthase (ss), n-methyltransferase (nmt) and o-acetyltransferase (dat) enzyme activities. ss enzyme activity appeared early after germination and was present throughout most of the developmental study. tdc activity was highly regulated and peaked over a 48 hour period achieving a maximum by day of 5 of seedling development. both tdc and ss were present in all tissues of the s ...198816665928
characterization of alkaloid uptake by catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don protoplasts.the accumulation of alkaloids by protoplasts of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don var. little bright eye was studied to determine the specificity of uptake and the role of ion trapping in the storage of alkaloids. accumulation of the indole alkaloids vindoline, ajmalicine, tabersonine, and vinblastine was found to be biphasic, with an initial burst of uptake followed by a slow, prolonged phase of accumulation. the concentration and ph dependence of the initial burst of uptake for vindoline suggest ...198816666154
regulation of vacuolar ph of plant cells: i. isolation and properties of vacuoles suitable for p nmr studies.for the first time, the (31)p nuclear magnetic resonance technique has been used to study the properties of isolated vacuoles of plant cells, namely the vacuolar ph and the inorganic phosphate content. catharanthus roseus cells incubated for 15 hours on a culture medium enriched with 10 millimolar inorganic phosphate accumulated large amounts of inorganic phosphate in their vacuoles. vacuolar phosphate ions were largely retained in the vacuoles when protoplasts were prepared from the cells and v ...198916666513
regulation of vacuolar ph of plant cells: ii. a p nmr study of the modifications of vacuolar ph in isolated vacuoles induced by proton pumping and cation/h exchanges.the vacuolar ph and the trans-tonoplast deltaph modifications induced by the activity of the two proton pumps h(+)-atpase and h(+)-ppase and by the proton exchanges catalyzed by the na(+)/h(+) and ca(2+)/h(+) antiports at the tonoplast of isolated intact vacuoles prepared from catharanthus roseus cells enriched in inorganic phosphate (y mathieu et al 1988 plant physiol [in press]) were measured using the (31)p nmr technique. the h(+)-atpase induced an intravacuolar acidification as large as 0.8 ...198916666525
phase-specific polypeptides and poly(a) rnas during the cell cycle in synchronous cultures of catharanthus roseus cells.this study shows an overall analysis of gene expression during the cell cycle in synchronous suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus cells. first, the cellular cytoplasmic proteins were fractionated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and visualized by staining with silver. seventeen polypeptides showed qualitative or quantitative changes during the cell cycle. second, the rates of synthesis of cytoplasmic proteins were also investigated by autoradiography by labeling cells with [(35)s]met ...198916666641
diacylglycerol kinase from suspension cultured plant cells : purification and properties.diacylglycerol kinase (atp:1,2-diacylglycerol 3-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.107) from suspension-cultured catharanthus roseus cells was extracted from a membrane fraction with 0.6% triton x-100 and 150 millimolar nacl and was purified about 900-fold by deae-cellulose, blue sepharose, gel permeation, and phenyl-sepharose chromatography. the enzyme is obviously membrane bound as activity in the cytosol could not be detected. in the presence of detergents such as triton x-100 (3-[3-cholamidopropyl ...198916666963
immunological detection and quantitation of tryptophan decarboxylase in developing catharanthus roseus seedlings.l-tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc) (ec 4.2.1.27) enzyme activity was induced in cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus after treatment with a pythium aphanidermatum elicitor preparation. the enzyme was extracted from lyophilized cells containing high levels of tdc and the protein was purified to homogeneity. the pure protein was used to produce highly specific polyclonal antibodies, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to quantitate the level of tdc antigen durin ...198916667047
carrier-mediated uptake of 1-(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in vacuoles isolated from catharanthus roseus cells.the uptake of 1-(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (macc), the conjugated form of the ethylene precursor, into vacuoles isolated from catharanthus roseus cells has been studied by silicone layer floatation filtering. the transport across the tonoplast of macc is stimulated fourfold by 5 millimolar mgatp, has a k(m) of about 2 millimolar, an optimum ph around 7, and an optimum temperature at 30 degrees c. several effectors known to inhibit atpase (n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) and to c ...198916667182
proton/phosphate stoichiometry in uptake of inorganic phosphate by cultured cells of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don.upon absorption of phosphate, cultured cells of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don caused a rapid alkalinization of the medium in which they were suspended. the alkalinization continued until the added phosphate was completely exhausted from the medium, at which time the ph of the medium started to drop sharply toward the original ph value. phosphate exposure caused the ph of the medium to increase from ph 3.5 to values as high as 5.8, while the rate of phosphate uptake was constant throughout (10- ...199016667491
isolation and characterization of a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase involved in the second-to-last step in vindoline biosynthesis.young leaves from catharanthus roseus plants contain the enzymes which convert the monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, tabersonine by three hydroxylations, two methylations, and one acetylation step to vindoline. a novel direct enzyme assay has been developed for a hydroxylase involved in vindoline biosynthesis, which catalyzes the c4-hydroxylation of 2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-n(1)-methyltabersonine to the 3,4-dihydroxy derivative. the enzyme showed an absolute requirement for 2-oxoglutarate and enzymati ...199016667836
high levels of tryptamine accumulation in transgenic tobacco expressing tryptophan decarboxylase.a full-length complementary dna clone encoding tryptophan decarboxylase (tdc; ec 4.1.1.28) from catharanthus roseus (de luca v, marineau c, brisson n [1989] proc natl acad sci usa 86: 2582-2586) driven by the camv 35s promoter was introduced into tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) to direct the synthesis of the protoalkaloid tryptamine from endogenous tryptophan. young, fully expanded leaves of camv 35s-tdc transformed plants had from four to 45 times greater tdc activity than did controls. tryptamine ...199016667846
isolation of genes that are preferentially expressed at the g(1)/s boundary during the cell cycle in synchronized cultures of catharanthus roseus cells.a cdna library was screened for genes that may be involved in the progression of the cell cycle of cells of higher plants. the catharanthus roseus l. (g) don. cells were synchronized by the double phosphate starvation method, and a lambdagt11 cdna library was prepared using poly(a)(+) rna from cells in the s phase of the cell cycle. two independent sequences, cyc02 and cyc07, were identified by differential screening. the levels of cyc02 and cyc07 mrnas increased dramatically, but transiently, a ...199116667998
polyamines and the cell cycle of catharanthus roseus cells in culture.investigation was made on the effect of partial depletion of polyamines (pas), induced by treatment with inhibitors of the biosynthesis of pas, on the distribution of cells at each phase of the cell cycle in catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don. cells in suspension cultures, using flow cytometry. more cells treated with inhibitors of arginine decarboxylase (adc) and ornithine decarboxylase (odc) were accumulated in the g(1) phase than those in the control, while the treatment with an inhibitor of spe ...199116668290
diacylglycerol kinase from suspension cultured plant cells : characterization and subcellular localization.diacylglycerol kinase (adenosine 5'-triphosphate:1,2-diacylglycerol 3-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.107), purified from suspension cultured catharanthus roseus cells (j wissing, s heim, kg wagner [1989] plant physiol 90: 1546-1551), was further characterized and its subcellular location was investigated. the enzyme revealed a complex dependency on lipids and surfactants; its activity was stimulated by certain phospholipids, with phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol as the most effective ...199216668739
cytoplasmic acidification induced by inorganic phosphate uptake in suspension cultured catharanthus roseus cells: measurement with fluorescent ph indicator and p-nuclear magnetic resonance.cytoplasmic acidification during inorganic phosphate (pi) absorption by catharanthus roseus cells were studied by means of a fluorescent ph indicator, 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5 carboxyfluorescein (acetomethylester) (bcecf), and (31)p-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. cytoplasmic acidification measured by decrease in the fluorescence intensity started immediately after pi application. within a minute or so, a stable state was attained and no further acidification occurred, whereas pi ab ...199216668939
catharanthus roseus shoot cultures for the production of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids.a protocol for the establishment of in vitro shoot cultures of catharanthus roseus is described. shoots can be maintained for more than 1 yr without evidence of tissue vitrification, disaggregation, or callus formation. vindoline was the main alkaloid accumulated, reaching values similar to those found in leaves from field-grown plants, after a long period of culture. an induction methodology to reduce such waiting time is also presented.200616673929
model plants for studying the interaction between methylobacterium mesophilicum and xylella fastidiosa.over the last few years, endophytic bacterial communities associated with citrus have been studied as key components interacting with xylella fastidiosa. in this study, we investigated the possible interaction between the citrus endophyte methylobacterium mesophilicum sr1.6/6 and x. fastidiosa in model plants such as catharanthus roseus (madagaskar periwinkle) and nicotiana clevelandii (clevelands tobacco). the aim of this study was to establish the fate of m. mesophilicum sr1.6/6 after inoculat ...200616699566
metabolic engineering of cell cultures versus whole plant complexity in production of bioactive monoterpene indole alkaloids: recent progress related to old dilemma.monoterpene indole alkaloids (mias) are a large class of plant alkaloids with significant pharmacological interest. the sustained production of mias at high yields is an important goal in biotechnology. intensive effort has been expended toward the isolation, cloning, characterization and transgenic modulation of genes involved in mia biosynthesis and in the control of the expression of these biosynthesis-related genes. at the same time, considerable progress has been made in the detailed descri ...200616716935
molecular cloning and expression of a cdna encoding a hybrid histidine kinase receptor in tropical periwinkle catharanthus roseus.signalling pathways involving histidine kinase receptors (hkrs) are widely used by prokaryotes and fungi to regulate a large palette of biological processes. in plants, hkrs are known to be implicated in cytokinin, ethylene, and osmosensing transduction pathways. in this work, a full length cdna named crcik was isolated from the tropical species catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don. it encodes a 1205 amino acid protein that belongs to the hybrid hkr family. the deduced amino acid sequence shows the h ...200616773556
identification of a low vindoline accumulating cultivar of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don by alkaloid and enzymatic profiling.the madagascar periwinkle [catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don] is a commercially important horticultural flower species and is the only source of the monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (mias), vinblastine and vincristine, key pharmaceutical compounds used to combat a number of different cancers. the present study uses high performance liquid chromatography for metabolic profiling of the mias extracted from seedlings and young leaves of 50 different flowering cultivars of c. roseus to show that, except ...200616806326
expressed sequence tags from madagascar periwinkle (catharanthus roseus).the madagascar periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) is well known to produce the chemotherapeutic anticancer agents, vinblastine and vincristine. in spite of its importance, no expressed sequence tag (est) analysis of this plant has been reported. two cdna libraries were generated from rna isolated from the base part of young leaves and from root tips to select 9,824 random clones for unidirectional sequencing, to yield 3,327 related sequences and 1,696 singletons by cluster analysis. putative funct ...200616870181
cloning, characterization and localization of three novel class iii peroxidases in lignifying xylem of norway spruce (picea abies).plant class iii peroxidases (poxs) take part in the formation of lignin and maturation of plant cell walls. however, only a few examples of such peroxidases from gymnosperm tree species with highly lignified xylem tracheids have been implicated so far. we report here cdna cloning of three xylem-expressed class iii peroxidase encoding genes from norway spruce (picea abies). the translated proteins, px1, px2 and px3, contain the conserved amino acids required for heme-binding and peroxidase cataly ...200616897487
predicting leaf-level fluxes of o3 and no2: the relative roles of diffusion and biochemical processes.pollutants like o(3) and no(2) enter leaves through the stomata and cause damage during reactions with components of biological cell membranes. the steady-state flux rates of these gases into the leaf are determined by a series of physical and biochemical resistances including stomatal aperture, reactions occurring within the cell wall and the ability of the leaf to remove the products of apoplastic reactions. in the present study, multiple regression models incorporating stomatal conductance, a ...200616913863
preparation of mixed alginate elicitors with high activity for the efficient production of 5'-phosphodiesterase by catharanthus roseus cells.when various autoclaved microbial cells suspensions (exogenous elicitors) were added to catharanthus roseus cell cultures, its growth was inhibited but 5'-phosphodiesterase (pdase) production was stimulated. the greatest effect was with autoclaved alteromonas macleodii: the dry cell concentration decreased from 13 to 10.9 mg/ml while pdase production increased from 0.022 to 0.235 u/ml. a combination of a. macleodii (as exogenous elicitor) and 0.1%(w/v) alginate oligomers (ao: acting as both endo ...200616937247
plasmid psci6 from spiroplasma citri gii-3 confers insect transmissibility to the non-transmissible strain s. citri 44.the insect-transmissible strain gii-3 of spiroplasma citri contains plasmids psci1-6, five of which (psci1-5) encode adhesin-like proteins and one (psci6) encodes protein p32, which has been associated with insect transmissibility. in contrast, s. citri strains asp-1 and 44, which cannot be transmitted via injection into the leafhopper vector circulifer haematoceps, lack these proteins and also do not carry plasmids psci1-6. to further study the apparent relationship between the presence of plas ...200616946265
inorganic phosphate uptake in intact vacuoles isolated from suspension-cultured cells of catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don under varying pi status.inorganic phosphate (pi) uptake across the vacuolar membrane of intact vacuoles isolated from catharanthus roseus suspension-cultured cells was measured. under low pi status, pi uptake into the vacuole was strongly activated compared to high pi status. since pi uptake across the vacuolar membrane is correlated with h+ pumping, we examined the dependency of h+ pumping on plant pi status. both h+ pumping and the activities of the vacuolar h+-pumps, the v-type h+-atpase and the h+-ppase were enhanc ...200716955272
development of a quantitative method for determination of the optimal conditions for protoplast isolation from cultured plant cells.an index [kv: average isolation rate of viable protoplast (number/ml min)] was established to evaluate the optimal conditions for protoplast isolation from cultured plant cells. the optimal conditions for protoplasts isolation from nicotiana tabacum by2 cultured cells could be determined on the basis of the kv [31.7 x 10(3) (number/ml min)]. the colony-forming efficiency of the protoplasts was about 46%. the optimal conditions for protoplasts isolation from catharanthus roseus [kv = 38.1 x 10(3) ...200616955360
ethnomedicines used in trinidad and tobago for urinary problems and diabetes mellitus.this paper is based on ethnobotanical interviews conducted from 1996-2000 in trinidad and tobago with thirty male and female respondents.200617040567
transcriptome analysis in catharanthus roseus leaves and roots for comparative terpenoid indole alkaloid profiles.in catharanthus roseus (l.) g. don each tissue is known to produce a distinct spectrum of terpenoid indole alkaloids. since the invaluable antineoplastic bisindole alkaloids are restricted to the aerial parts of the plant and do not occur in its underground tissues, identification of the structural and regulatory factors operating distinctly in the shoot/leaf of the plant will be a necessity for modulation of bisindole alkaloid biosynthesis. this study aimed at elucidating the differential gene ...200617050644
Displaying items 301 - 400 of 989