Publications
Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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functional expression and purification of cyp93c20,a plant membrane-associated cytochrome p450 from medicago truncatula. | plants possess very large numbers of biosynthetic cytochrome p450 enzymes. in spite of the importance of these enzymes for the synthesis of bioactive plant secondary metabolites, only two plant p450 structures has been obtained to date. isoflavone synthase (ifs) is a membrane-associated cytochrome p450 enzyme catalyzing the entry-point reaction into isoflavonoid biosynthesis. ifs from the model legume medicago truncatula (cyp93c20) was engineered by deleting the membrane-spanning domain and inse ... | 2010 | 21138770 |
both plant and bacterial nitrate reductases contribute to nitric oxide production in medicago truncatula nitrogen-fixing nodules. | nitric oxide (no) is a signaling and defense molecule of major importance in living organisms. in the model legume medicago truncatula, no production has been detected in the nitrogen fixation zone of the nodule, but the systems responsible for its synthesis are yet unknown and its role in symbiosis is far from being elucidated. in this work, using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we explored the enzymatic source of no production in m. truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti nodules under normo ... | 2010 | 21139086 |
a medicago truncatula nadph oxidase is involved in symbiotic nodule functioning. | the plant plasma membrane-localized nadph oxidases, known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (rbohs), appear to play crucial roles in plant growth and development. they are involved in important processes, such as root hair growth, plant defence reactions and abscisic acid signalling. using sequence similarity searches, we identified seven putative rboh-encoding genes in the medicago truncatula genome. a phylogenetic reconstruction showed that rboh gene duplications occurred in legume speci ... | 2010 | 21155825 |
evidence that the exoh gene of sinorhizobium meliloti does not appear to influence symbiotic effectiveness with medicago truncatula 'jemalong a17'. | the purpose of this study was to identify strains of sinorhizobium meliloti that formed either an effective or completely ineffective symbiosis with medicago truncatula l. 'jemalong a17' and, subsequently, to determine whether differences existed between their exoh genes. sinorhizobium meliloti tii7 and a5 formed an effective and ineffective symbiosis with m. truncatula 'jemalong a17', respectively. using a multilocus sequence typing method, both strains were shown to have chromosomes identical ... | 2010 | 21164569 |
fluorescent pseudomonads harboring type iii secretion genes are enriched in the mycorrhizosphere of medicago truncatula. | type iii secretion systems (t3sss) of gram-negative bacteria mediate direct interactions with eukaryotic cells. pseudomonas spp. harboring t3ss genes (t3ss+) were previously shown to be more abundant in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil. to discriminate the contribution of roots and associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) on the enrichment of t3ss+ fluorescent pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of medicago truncatula, their frequency was assessed among pseudomonads isolated from mycorrhizal a ... | 2011 | 21204867 |
structure-function similarities between a plant receptor-like kinase and the human interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4. | phylogenetic analysis has previously shown that plant receptor-like kinases (rlks) are monophyletic with respect to the kinase domain and share an evolutionary origin with the animal interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase/pelle-soluble kinases. the lysin motif domain-containing receptor-like kinase-3 (lyk3) of the legume medicago truncatula shows 33% amino acid sequence identity with human irak-4 over the kinase domain. using the structure of this animal kinase as a template, homology modeling ... | 2011 | 21205819 |
immature seeds and embryos of medicago truncatula cultured in vitro. | legumes are an important source of proteins and lipids for food and feed. in addition, they are -environmentally friendly because of their capacity to fix nitrogen through a symbiosis with rhizobium that permits them to produce abundant proteins even in the absence of nitrogen fertilization. seed development in plants follows three chronological steps (1) seed coat differentiation, embryo morphogenesis and endosperm development; (2) embryo maturation with storage accumulation and (3) dehydration ... | 2011 | 21207260 |
genic snp markers and legume synteny reveal candidate genes underlying qtl for macrophomina phaseolina resistance and maturity in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l) walp.]. | macrophomina phaseolina is an emerging and devastating fungal pathogen that causes significant losses in crop production under high temperatures and drought stress. an increasing number of disease incidence reports highlight the wide prevalence of the pathogen around the world and its contribution toward crop yield suppression. in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l) walp.], limited sources of low-level host resistance have been identified, the genetic basis of which is unknown. in this study we report ... | 2011 | 21208448 |
identification of legume ropgef gene families and characterization of a medicago truncatula ropgef mediating polar growth of root hairs. | root hairs play important roles in the interaction of plants with their environment. root hairs anchor the plant in the soil, facilitate nutrient uptake from the rhizosphere, and participate in symbiotic plant-microbe interactions. these specialized cells grow in a polar fashion which gives rise to their elongated shape, a process mediated in part by a family of small gtpases known as rops. ropgefs (gef, guanine nucleotide exchange factor) activate rops to effect tip growth in arabidopsis pollen ... | 2011 | 21223388 |
A phylogenetic strategy based on a legume-specific whole genome duplication yields symbiotic cytokinin type-a response regulators. | Legumes host their Rhizobium spp. symbiont in novel root organs called nodules. Nodules originate from differentiated root cortical cells that dedifferentiate and subsequently form nodule primordia, a process controlled by cytokinin. A whole-genome duplication has occurred at the root of the legume Papilionoideae subfamily. We hypothesize that gene pairs originating from this duplication event and are conserved in distinct Papilionoideae lineages have evolved symbiotic functions. A phylogenetic ... | 2011 | 22034625 |
Regulation of Compound Leaf Development in Medicago truncatula by Fused Compound Leaf1, a Class M KNOX Gene. | Medicago truncatula is a legume species belonging to the inverted repeat lacking clade (IRLC) with trifoliolate compound leaves. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying development of trifoliolate leaves in legumes remain largely unknown. Here, we report isolation and characterization of fused compound leaf1 (fcl1) mutants of M. truncatula. Phenotypic analysis suggests that FCL1 plays a positive role in boundary separation and proximal-distal axis development of compound leaves. Map-based ... | 2011 | 22080596 |
Triterpene Functional Genomics in Licorice for Identification of CYP72A154 Involved in the Biosynthesis of Glycyrrhizin. | Glycyrrhizin, a triterpenoid saponin derived from the underground parts of Glycyrrhiza plants (licorice), has several pharmacological activities and is also used worldwide as a natural sweetener. The biosynthesis of glycyrrhizin involves the initial cyclization of 2,3-oxidosqualene to the triterpene skeleton ß-amyrin, followed by a series of oxidative reactions at positions C-11 and C-30, and glycosyl transfers to the C-3 hydroxyl group. We previously reported the identification of a cytochrome ... | 2011 | 22128119 |
tnt1 retrotransposon tagging of stf in medicago truncatula reveals tight coordination of metabolic, hormonal and developmental signals during leaf morphogenesis. | tnt1 (transposable element if nicotiana tabaccum cell type 1) is one of the very few active ltr retrotransposons used for gene tagging in plants. in the model legume medicago truncatula, tnt1 has been effectively used as a gene knock-out tool to generate several very useful mutants. stenofolia (stf) is such a mutant identified by tnt1 insertion in a wuschel-like homeobox transcription factor. stf is required for blade outgrowth, leaf vascular patterning and female reproductive organ development ... | 2011 | 22545243 |
phosphorous deficiency decreases nitrogenase activity but increases proton efflux in n2-fixing medicago truncatula. | effects of sinorhizobium strain and p nutrition on n(2)-dependent growth, nitrogenase activity and proton efflux by nodulated roots were investigated in the model legume medicago truncatula cultivar jemalong grown in hydroaeroponic culture in symbioses with sinorhizobium meliloti strains 102f51 and 2011. sinorhizobium strain had strong effects on nitrogenase activity and n(2)-dependent growth, with s. meliloti 102f51 being the more efficient strain. apparent and total nitrogenase activities, mea ... | 2011 | 21334214 |
interactions of arabidopsis and m. truncatula with the same pathogens differ in dependence on ethylene and ethylene response factors. | microbial pathogens inflict large losses to agriculture annually and thus mechanisms of plant resistance and how to deploy them to enhance disease resistance in crops are foci of much research interest. we recently described the important role of ethylene and ethylene response transcription factors (erfs), particularly mterf1-1, in mediating resistance to the fungal pathogen rhizoctonia solani in the model legume, medicago truncatula. previous studies on the closely related aterf14, a master reg ... | 2011 | 21389781 |
leveraging genomic resources of model species for the assessment of diversity and phylogeny in wild and domesticated lentil. | advances in comparative genomics have provided significant opportunities for analysis of genetic diversity in species with limited genomic resources, such as the genus lens. medicago truncatula expressed sequence tags (ests) were aligned with the arabidopsis thaliana genome sequence to identify conserved exon sequences and splice sites in the ests. conserved primers (cps) based on m. truncatula est sequences flanking one or more introns were then designed. a total of 22% of the cps produced poly ... | 2011 | 21454287 |
nitric oxide is required for an optimal establishment of the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. | nitric oxide (no) is a gaseous molecule that participates in numerous plant signalling pathways. it is involved in plant responses to pathogens and development processes such as seed germination, flowering and stomatal closure. using a permeable no-specific fluorescent probe and a bacterial reporter strain expressing the lacz gene under the control of a no-responsive promoter, we detected no production in the first steps, during infection threads growth, of the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium ... | 2011 | 21457261 |
identification and characterisation of seed storage protein transcripts from lupinus angustifolius. | in legumes, seed storage proteins are important for the developing seedling and are an important source of protein for humans and animals. lupinus angustifolius (l.), also known as narrow-leaf lupin (nll) is a grain legume crop that is gaining recognition as a potential human health food as the grain is high in protein and dietary fibre, gluten-free and low in fat and starch. | 2011 | 21457583 |
mate2 mediates vacuolar sequestration of flavonoid glycosides and glycoside malonates in medicago truncatula. | the majority of flavonoids, such as anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and isoflavones, are stored in the central vacuole, but the molecular basis of flavonoid transport is still poorly understood. here, we report the functional characterization of a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter (mate2), from medicago truncatula. mate 2 is expressed primarily in leaves and flowers. despite its high similarity to the epicatechin 3'-o-glucoside transporter mate1, mate2 cannot efficiently transport proan ... | 2011 | 21467581 |
symbiont identity matters: carbon and phosphorus fluxes between medicago truncatula and different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | many studies have scrutinized the nutritional benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal associations to their host plants, while the carbon (c) balance of the symbiosis has often been neglected. here, we present quantification of both the c costs and the phosphorus (p) uptake benefits of mycorrhizal association between barrel medic (medicago truncatula) and three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species, namely glomus intraradices, glomus claroideum, and gigaspora margarita. plant growth, p uptake and c a ... | 2011 | 21472448 |
generation of composite plants in medicago truncatula used for nodulation assays. | similar to agrobacterium tumerfaciens, agrobacterium rhizogenes can transfer foreign dnas into plant cells based on the autonomous root-inducing (ri) plasmid. a. rhizogenes can cause hairy root formation on plant tissues and form composite plants after transformation. on these composite plants, some of the regenerated roots are transgenic, carrying the wild type t-dna and the engineered binary vector; while the shoots are still non-transgenic, serving to provide energy and growth support. these ... | 2011 | 21490571 |
crosstalk between the nodulation signaling pathway and the autoregulation of nodulation in medicago truncatula. | • a subset of clavata3/endosperm-surrounding region-related (cle) peptides are involved in autoregulation of nodulation (aon) in medicago truncatula (e.g. mtcle12 and mtcle13). however, their linkage to other components of the aon pathways downstream of the shoot-derived inhibitor (sdi) is not understood. • we have ectopically expressed the putative peptide ligand encoding genes mtcle12 and mtcle13 in m. truncatula which abolished nodulation completely in wild-type roots but not in the supernodu ... | 2011 | 21507004 |
transformed hairy roots of discaria trinervis: a valuable tool for studying actinorhizal symbiosis in the context of intercellular infection. | among infection mechanisms leading to root nodule symbiosis, the intercellular infection pathway is probably the most ancestral but also one of the least characterized. intercellular infection has been described in discaria trinervis, an actinorhizal plant belonging to the rosales order. to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying intercellular infection with frankia, we set up an efficient genetic transformation protocol for d. trinervis based on a. rhizogenes. we showed that composite plan ... | 2011 | 21585269 |
transcriptome sequencing of lentil based on second-generation technology permits large-scale unigene assembly and ssr marker discovery. | abstract: background: lentil (lens culinaris medik.) is a cool-season grain legume which provides a rich source of protein for human consumption. in terms of genomic resources, lentil is relatively underdeveloped, in comparison to other fabaceae species, with limited available data. there is hence a significant need to enhance such resources in order to identify novel genes and alleles for molecular breeding to increase crop productivity and quality. results: tissue-specific cdna samples from si ... | 2011 | 21609489 |
harvest-inducibility of the promoter of alfalfa s-adenosyl-l: -methionine: trans-caffeoyl-coa3-o-methyltransferase gene. | a major limitation on the expression of some foreign proteins in transgenic plants is the toxic effect of such proteins on the host plant resulting in inhibition of normal growth and development. a solution to this problem is to control the expression of genes for such proteins by means of inducible promoters, as is frequently done in microbial systems. a cdna clone was obtained from subtractive hybridization of non-harvested and harvested alfalfa leaf tissue, named hi12. the hi12 cdna was ident ... | 2011 | 21667113 |
pseudonodule formation by wild type and symbiotic mutant medicago truncatula in response to auxin transport inhibitors. | rhizobium and allied bacteria form symbiotic nitrogen fixing nodules on legume roots. plant hormones play key roles in nodule formation. we treated medicago truncatula roots with auxin transport inhibitors (atis) n-(1-naphthyl)phthalamic acid (npa) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (tiba), to induce the formation of pseudonodules. m. truncatula mutants defective for rhizobial nod factor signal transduction still formed pseudonodules in response to atis. however, a m. truncatula ethylene-insensitive ... | 2011 | 21809981 |
molecular adaptation in flowering and symbiotic recognition pathways: insights from patterns of polymorphism in the legume medicago truncatula. | abstract: background: we studied patterns of molecular adaptation in the wild mediterranean legume medicago truncatula. we focused on two phenotypic traits that are not functionally linked: flowering time and perception of symbiotic microbes. phenology is an important fitness component, especially for annual plants, and many instances of molecular adaptation have been reported for genes involved in flowering pathways. while perception of symbiotic microbes is also integral to adaptation in many ... | 2011 | 21806823 |
expression analysis of clavata1-like and nodulin21-like genes from pinus sylvestris during ectomycorrhiza formation. | the ecology and physiology of ectomycorrhizal (ecm) symbiosis with conifer trees are well documented. in comparison, however, very little is known about the molecular regulation of these associations. in an earlier study, we identified three ecm-regulated pinus expressed sequence tags (est), two of which were identified as homologous to the medicago truncatula nodulin mtn21. the third est was a homologue to the receptor-like kinase clavata1. we have characterized the expression patterns of these ... | 2011 | 21751039 |
the exudate from an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus induces nitric oxide accumulation in medicago truncatula roots. | nitric oxide (no) is a signaling molecule involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. while there is evidence for no accumulation during legume nodulation, almost no information exists for arbuscular mycorrhizas (am). here, we investigated the occurrence of no in the early stages of medicago truncatula-gigaspora margarita interaction, focusing on the plant response to fungal diffusible molecules. no was visualized in root organ cultures and seedlings by confocal microscopy using ... | 2011 | 21744141 |
symbiotic rhizobia bacteria trigger a change in localization and dynamics of the medicago truncatula receptor kinase lyk3. | to form nitrogen-fixing symbioses, legume plants recognize a bacterial signal, nod factor (nf). the legume medicago truncatula has two predicted nf receptors that direct separate downstream responses to its symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti. nod factor perception encodes a putative low-stringency receptor that is responsible for calcium spiking and transcriptional responses. lysin motif receptor-like kinase3 (lyk3) encodes a putative high-stringency receptor that mediates bacterial infection. we l ... | 2011 | 21742993 |
medicago truncatula ipd3 is a member of the common symbiotic signaling pathway required for rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbioses. | legumes form endosymbiotic associations with nitrogen fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi which facilitate nutrient uptake. both symbiotic interactions require a molecular signal exchange between the plant and the symbiont and this involves a conserved symbiosis (sym) signaling pathway. in order to identify plant genes required for intracellular accommodation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and am fungi, we characterized medicago truncatula symbiotic mutants defective for rhizobial ... | 2011 | 21692638 |
expression of coordinately regulated defence response genes and analysis of their role in disease resistance in medicago truncatula. | microarray technology was used to identify the genes associated with disease defence responses in the model legume medicago truncatula. transcript profiles from m. truncatula cv. jemalong genotype a17 leaves inoculated with colletotrichum trifolii and erysiphe pisi and roots infected with phytophthora medicaginis were compared to identify the genes expressed in response to all three pathogens and genes unique to an interaction. the a17 genotype is resistant to c. trifolii and e. pisi, exhibiting ... | 2011 | 21726379 |
medicago truncatula cyp716a12 is a multifunctional oxidase involved in the biosynthesis of hemolytic saponins. | saponins, a group of glycosidic compounds present in several plant species, have aglycone moieties that are formed using triterpenoid or steroidal skeletons. in spite of their importance as antimicrobial compounds and their possible benefits for human health, knowledge of the genetic control of saponin biosynthesis is still poorly understood. in the medicago genus, the hemolytic activity of saponins is related to the nature of their aglycone moieties. we have identified a cytochrome p450 gene (c ... | 2011 | 21821776 |
STENOFOLIA Regulates Blade Outgrowth and Leaf Vascular Patterning in Medicago truncatula and Nicotiana sylvestris. | Dicot leaf primordia initiate at the flanks of the shoot apical meristem and extend laterally by cell division and cell expansion to form the flat lamina, but the molecular mechanism of lamina outgrowth remains unclear. Here, we report the identification of STENOFOLIA (STF), a WUSCHEL-like homeobox transcriptional regulator, in Medicago truncatula, which is required for blade outgrowth and leaf vascular patterning. STF belongs to the MAEWEST clade and its inactivation by the transposable element ... | 2011 | 21719692 |
strigolactone biosynthesis in medicago truncatula and rice requires the symbiotic gras-type transcription factors nsp1 and nsp2. | legume gras (gai, rga, scr)-type transcription factors nodulation signaling pathway1 (nsp1) and nsp2 are essential for rhizobium nod factor-induced nodulation. both proteins are considered to be nod factor response factors regulating gene expression after symbiotic signaling. however, legume nsp1 and nsp2 can be functionally replaced by nonlegume orthologs, including rice (oryza sativa) nsp1 and nsp2, indicating that both proteins are functionally conserved in higher plants. here, we show that n ... | 2011 | 22039214 |
Recent Progress in Development of Tnt1 Functional Genomics Platform for Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus in Bulgaria. | Legumes, as protein-rich crops, are widely used for human food, animal feed and vegetable oil production. Over the past decade, two legume species, Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus, have been adopted as model legumes for genomics and physiological studies. The tobacco transposable element, Tnt1, is a powerful tool for insertional mutagenesis and gene inactivation in plants. A large collection of Tnt1-tagged lines of M. truncatula cv. Jemalong was generated during the course of the project ... | 2011 | 21966253 |
CYP716A Subfamily Members are Multifunctional Oxidases in Triterpenoid Biosynthesis. | Triterpenoids are a diverse group of secondary metabolites that are associated with a variety of biological activities. Oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and betulinic acid are common triterpenoids in plants with diverse biological activities, including antifungal, antibacterial, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or antitumor activities. In the present study, using the gene co-expression analysis tool of Medicago truncatula, we found a strong correlation between CYP716A12 and ß-amyrin synth ... | 2011 | 22039103 |
contribution of nfp lysm domains to the recognition of nod factors during the medicago truncatula/sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. | the root nodule nitrogen fixing symbiosis between legume plants and soil bacteria called rhizobia is of great agronomical and ecological interest since it provides the plant with fixed atmospheric nitrogen. the establishment of this symbiosis is mediated by the recognition by the host plant of lipo-chitooligosaccharides called nod factors (nfs), produced by the rhizobia. this recognition is highly specific, as precise nf structures are required depending on the host plant. here, we study the imp ... | 2011 | 22087221 |
from model to crop: functional analysis of a stay-green gene in the model legume medicago truncatula and effective use of the gene for alfalfa improvement. | medicago truncatula has been developed into a model legume. its close relative alfalfa (medicago sativa) is the most widely grown forage legume crop in the united states. by screening a large population of m. truncatula mutants tagged with the transposable element of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) cell type1 (tnt1), we identified a mutant line (nf2089) that maintained green leaves and showed green anthers, central carpels, mature pods, and seeds during senescence. genetic and molecular analyses rev ... | 2011 | 21957014 |
glutamine synthetase is a molecular target of nitric oxide in root nodules of medicago truncatula and is regulated by tyrosine nitration. | nitric oxide (no) is emerging as an important regulatory player in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis, but its biological role in nodule functioning is still far from being understood. to unravel the signal transduction cascade and ultimately no function, it is necessary to identify its molecular targets. this study provides evidence that glutamine synthetase (gs), a key enzyme for root nodule metabolism, is a molecular target of no in root nodules of medicago truncatula, being regulated by tyrosine ... | 2011 | 21914816 |
protection of sinorhizobium against host cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides is critical for symbiosis. | sinorhizobium meliloti differentiates into persisting, nitrogen-fixing bacteroids within root nodules of the legume medicago truncatula. nodule-specific cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides (ncr amps) and the bacterial baca protein are essential for bacteroid development. however, the bacterial factors central to the ncr amp response and the in planta role of baca are unknown. we investigated the hypothesis that baca is critical for the bacterial response towards ncr amps. we found that baca was ... | 2011 | 21990963 |
in medicago truncatula, water deficit modulates the transcript accumulation of components of small rna pathways. | small rnas (srnas) are 20-24 nucleotide (nt) rnas and are involved in plant development and response to abiotic stresses. plants have several srna pathways implicated in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing of gene expression. two key enzyme families common to all pathways are the dicer-like (dcl) proteins involved in srnas maturation and the argonautes (agos) involved in the targeting and functional action of srnas. post-transcriptional silencing mediated by agos may occur by ... | 2011 | 21569262 |
isolation and characterization of a harvest-inducible gene hi11 and its promoter from alfalfa. | the harvesting and storing of alfalfa is a routine practice in the agricultural industry worldwide. to investigate gene expression in harvested alfalfa, cdna from non-harvested and harvested plants in the field was subjected to subtractive hybridization to identify, in particular, those genes that are induced by the harvesting treatment. one cdna clone, named hi11, was isolated and analysed. the full length cdna of the hi11 gene was cloned by race amplification. the hi11 gene, which has high hom ... | 2011 | 20238171 |
biosynthesis of udp-xylose and udp-arabinose in sinorhizobium meliloti 1021: first characterization of a bacterial udp-xylose synthase, and udp-xylose 4-epimerase. | sinorhizobium meliloti is a soil bacterium that fixes nitrogen after being established inside nodules that can form on the roots of several legumes, including medicago truncatula. a mutation in an s. meliloti gene (lpsb) required for lipopolysaccharide synthesis has been reported to result in defective nodulation and an increase in the synthesis of a xylose-containing glycan. glycans containing xylose as well as arabinose are also formed by other rhizobial species, but little is known about thei ... | 2011 | 20847005 |
reverse genetics in medicago truncatula using tnt1 insertion mutants. | medicago truncatula has been chosen as one of the two model species for legume molecular genetics and functional genomics studies. with the imminent completion of m. truncatula genome sequencing, availability of large-scale mutant populations becomes a priority. over the last 5 years, nearly 12,000 insertion lines, which represent approximately 300,000 insertions, have been generated at the samuel roberts noble foundation using the tobacco retrotransposon tnt1. individual genomic dna was isolate ... | 2011 | 20931380 |
the medicago genome provides insight into the evolution of rhizobial symbioses. | legumes (fabaceae or leguminosae) are unique among cultivated plants for their ability to carry out endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation with rhizobial bacteria, a process that takes place in a specialized structure known as the nodule. legumes belong to one of the two main groups of eurosids, the fabidae, which includes most species capable of endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation. legumes comprise several evolutionary lineages derived from a common ancestor 60 million years ago (myr ago). papilionoids ar ... | 2011 | 22089132 |
laser microdissection unravels cell-type-specific transcription in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots, including caat-box transcription factor gene expression correlating with fungal contact and spread. | arbuscular mycorrhizae (am) are the most widespread symbioses on earth, promoting nutrient supply of most terrestrial plant species. to unravel gene expression in defined stages of medicago truncatula root colonization by am fungi, we here combined genome-wide transcriptome profiling based on whole mycorrhizal roots with real-time reverse transcription-pcr experiments that relied on characteristic cell types obtained via laser microdissection. our genome-wide approach delivered a core set of 512 ... | 2011 | 22034628 |
the root determined nodulation1 gene regulates nodule number in roots of medicago truncatula and defines a highly conserved, uncharacterized plant gene family. | the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules in legumes is tightly controlled by a long-distance signaling system in which nodulating roots signal to shoot tissues to suppress further nodulation. a screen for supernodulating medicago truncatula mutants defective in this regulatory behavior yielded loss-of-function alleles of a gene designated root determined nodulation1 (rdn1). grafting experiments demonstrated that rdn1 regulatory function occurs in the roots, not the shoots, and is essential for n ... | 2011 | 21742814 |
mtbhlh1, a bhlh transcription factor involved in medicago truncatula nodule vascular patterning and nodule to plant metabolic exchanges. | this study aimed at defining the role of a basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) transcription factor gene from medicago truncatula, mtbhlh1, whose expression is upregulated during the development of root nodules produced upon infection by rhizobia bacteria. we used mtbhlh1 promoter::gus fusions and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses to finely characterize the mtbhlh1 expression pattern. we altered mtbhlh1 function by expressing a dominantly repressed construct (cres-t ... | 2011 | 21679315 |
transcriptional profiling of medicago truncatula under salt stress identified a novel cbf transcription factor mtcbf4 that plays an important role in abiotic stress responses. | salt stress hinders the growth of plants and reduces crop production worldwide. however, different plant species might possess different adaptive mechanisms to mitigate salt stress. we conducted a detailed pathway analysis of transcriptional dynamics in the roots of medicago truncatula seedlings under salt stress and selected a transcription factor gene, mtcbf4, for experimental validation. | 2011 | 21718548 |
lc/ms profiling of flavonoid glycoconjugates isolated from hairy roots, suspension root cell cultures and seedling roots of medicago truncatula. | hairy roots and suspension cell cultures are commonly used in deciphering different problems related to the biochemistry and physiology of plant secondary metabolites. here, we address about the issue of possible differences in the profiles of flavonoid compounds and their glycoconjugates derived from various plant materials grown in a standard culture media. we compared profiles of flavonoids isolated from seedling roots, hairy roots, and suspension root cell cultures of a model legume plant, m ... | 2011 | 22039365 |
identification and characterization of thioredoxin h isoforms differentially expressed in germinating seeds of the model legume medicago truncatula. | thioredoxins (trxs) h, small disulfide reductases, and nadp-thioredoxin reductases (ntrs) have been shown to accumulate in seeds of different plant species and play important roles in seed physiology. however, little is known about the identity, properties, and subcellular location of trx h isoforms that are abundant in legume seeds. to fill this gap, in this work, we characterized the trx h family of medicago truncatula, a model legume, and then explored the activity and localization of trx h i ... | 2011 | 21239621 |
transcription reprogramming during root nodule development in medicago truncatula. | many genes which are associated with root nodule development and activity in the model legume medicago truncatula have been described. however information on precise stages of activation of these genes and their corresponding transcriptional regulators is often lacking. whether these regulators are shared with other plant developmental programs also remains an open question. here detailed microarray analyses have been used to study the transcriptome of root nodules induced by either wild type or ... | 2011 | 21304580 |
exploring the genetic diversity of ethiopian grass pea (lathyrus sativus l.) using est-ssr markers. | expressed sequence tags (ests) in public databases and cross-species transferable markers are considered to be a cost-effective means for developing sequence-based markers for less-studied species. in this study, est-simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers developed from lathyrus sativus l. est sequences and cross-transferable est-ssrs derived from medicago truncatula l. were utilized to investigate the genetic diversity among grass pea populations from ethiopia. a total of 45 alleles were detected ... | 2011 | 22924019 |
stars and symbiosis: microrna- and microrna*-mediated transcript cleavage involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. | the majority of plants are able to form the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) symbiosis in association with am fungi. during symbiosis development, plant cells undergo a complex reprogramming resulting in profound morphological and physiological changes. micrornas (mirnas) are important components of the regulatory network of plant cells. to unravel the impact of mirnas and mirna-mediated mrna cleavage on root cell reprogramming during am symbiosis, we carried out high-throughput (illumina) sequencing ... | 2011 | 21571671 |
comparative evolution of photosynthetic genes in response to polyploid and nonpolyploid duplication. | the likelihood of duplicate gene retention following polyploidy varies by functional properties (e.g. gene ontologies or protein family domains), but little is known about the effects of whole-genome duplication on gene networks related by a common physiological process. here, we examined the effects of both polyploid and nonpolyploid duplications on genes encoding the major functional groups of photosynthesis (photosystem i, photosystem ii, the light-harvesting complex, and the calvin cycle) in ... | 2011 | 21289102 |
comparative analysis of mirnas and their targets across four plant species. | microrna (mirna) mediated regulation of gene expression has been recognized as a major posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism also in plants. we performed a comparative analysis of mirnas and their respective gene targets across four plant species: arabidopsis thaliana (ath), medicago truncatula(mtr), brassica napus (bna), and chlamydomonas reinhardtii (cre). | 2011 | 22067256 |
whole-genome nucleotide diversity, recombination, and linkage disequilibrium in the model legume medicago truncatula. | medicago truncatula is a model for investigating legume genetics, including the genetics and evolution of legume-rhizobia symbiosis. we used whole-genome sequence data to identify and characterize sequence polymorphisms and linkage disequilibrium (ld) in a diverse collection of 26 m. truncatula accessions. our analyses reveal that m. truncatula harbors both higher diversity and less ld than soybean (glycine max) and exhibits patterns of ld and recombination similar to arabidopsis thaliana. the p ... | 2011 | 21949378 |
standardizing seed dormancy research. | seeds are very attractive and convenient for molecular genetic studies that challenge principal biological phenomena related to the initiation and suppression of growth (e.g., germination and dormancy, respectively). the number of reports in this field is rapidly expanding. seed dormancy is a widely misinterpreted biological attribute. one of the main reasons is the general neglect of reliable dormancy assays; often, the sole criterion of current dormancy assays is the total germination of a see ... | 2011 | 21898248 |
the mitochondrial proteome of the model legume medicago truncatula. | legumes carry out special biochemical functions, e.g. the fixation of molecular nitrogen based on a symbiosis with proteobacteria. at the cellular level, this symbiosis has to be implemented into the energy metabolism of the host cell. to provide a basis for future analyses, we have characterized the protein complement of mitochondria of the model legume medicago truncatula using two-dimensional isoelectric focussing (ief) and blue-native (bn)-sds-page. while the ief reference map resulted mainl ... | 2011 | 21893218 |
durable broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance in pea er1 plants is conferred by natural loss-of-function mutations in psmlo1. | loss-of-function alleles of plant-specific mlo (mildew resistance locus o) genes confer broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance in monocot (barley) and dicot (arabidopsis thaliana, tomato) plants. recessively inherited powdery mildew resistance in pea (pisum sativum) er1 plants is, in many aspects, reminiscent of mlo-conditioned powdery mildew immunity, yet the underlying gene has remained elusive to date. we used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based approach to amplify a candidate mlo cdna ... | 2011 | 21726385 |
developmental analysis of a medicago truncatula smooth leaf margin1 mutant reveals context-dependent effects on compound leaf development. | compound leaf development requires highly regulated cell proliferation, differentiation, and expansion patterns. we identified loss-of-function alleles at the smooth leaf margin1 (slm1) locus in medicago truncatula, a model legume species with trifoliate adult leaves. slm1 encodes an auxin efflux carrier protein and is the ortholog of arabidopsis thaliana pin-formed1 (pin1). auxin distribution is impaired in the slm1 mutant, resulting in pleiotropic phenotypes in different organs. the most strik ... | 2011 | 21693694 |
the medicago flowering locus t homolog, mtfta1, is a key regulator of flowering time. | flowering locus t (ft) genes encode proteins that function as the mobile floral signal, florigen. in this study, we characterized five ft-like genes from the model legume, medicago (medicago truncatula). the different ft genes showed distinct patterns of expression and responses to environmental cues. three of the ft genes (mtfta1, mtftb1, and mtftc) were able to complement the arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) ft-1 mutant, suggesting that they are capable of functioning as florigen. mtfta1 is ... | 2011 | 21685176 |
developing a method for customized induction of flowering. | the ability to induce flowering on demand is of significant biotechnological interest. ft protein has been recently identified as an important component of the mobile flowering hormone, florigen, whose function is conserved across the plant kingdom. we therefore focused on manipulation of both endogenous and heterologous ft genes to develop a floral induction system where flowering would be inhibited until it was induced on demand. the concept was tested in the model plant arabidopsis thaliana ( ... | 2011 | 21481273 |
evolution of the number of lrrs in plant disease resistance genes. | the largest group of plant resistance (r) genes contain the regions that encode the nucleotide-binding site (nbs) and leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domains (nbs-lrr genes). to gain new resistance, amino acid substitutions and changes in number of the lrrs that recognize the presence of pathogens are considered important. in this study, we focus on the evolution of the number of lrrs and analyze the genome data of five plant species, arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa, medicago truncatula, lotus japo ... | 2011 | 21442326 |
plantmirnapred: efficient classification of real and pseudo plant pre-mirnas. | micrornas (mirnas) are a set of short (21-24 nt) non-coding rnas that play significant roles as post-transcriptional regulators in animals and plants. while some existing methods use comparative genomic approaches to identify plant precursor mirnas (pre-mirnas), others are based on the complementarity characteristics between mirnas and their target mrnas sequences. however, they can only identify the homologous mirnas or the limited complementary mirnas. furthermore, since the plant pre-mirnas a ... | 2011 | 21441575 |
a stress-associated protein containing a20/an1 zing-finger domains expressed in medicago truncatula seeds. | mtsap1 (medicago truncatula stress-associated protein 1) was revealed as a down-regulated gene by suppressive subtractive hybridization between two mrna populations of embryo axes harvested before and after radicle emergence. mtsap1 is the first gene encoding a sap with a20 and an1 zinc-finger domains characterized in m. truncatula. mtsap1 protein shares 54% and 62% homology with atsap7 (arabidopsis thaliana) and osisap8 (oryza sativa) respectively, with in particular a strong homology in the a2 ... | 2011 | 21296585 |
the pea gigas gene is a flowering locus t homolog necessary for graft-transmissible specification of flowering but not for responsiveness to photoperiod. | garden pea (pisum sativum) was prominent in early studies investigating the genetic control of flowering and the role of mobile flowering signals. in view of recent evidence that genes in the flowering locus t (ft) family play an important role in generating mobile flowering signals, we isolated the ft gene family in pea and examined the regulation and function of its members. comparison with medicago truncatula and soybean (glycine max) provides evidence of three ancient subclades (fta, ftb, an ... | 2011 | 21282524 |
the re-establishment of desiccation tolerance in germinated arabidopsis thaliana seeds and its associated transcriptome. | the combination of robust physiological models with "omics" studies holds promise for the discovery of genes and pathways linked to how organisms deal with drying. here we used a transcriptomics approach in combination with an in vivo physiological model of re-establishment of desiccation tolerance (dt) in arabidopsis thaliana seeds. we show that the incubation of desiccation sensitive (ds) germinated arabidopsis seeds in a polyethylene glycol (peg) solution re-induces the mechanisms necessary f ... | 2011 | 22195004 |
mining functional microsatellites in legume unigenes. | highly polymorphic and transferable microsatellites (ssrs) are important for comparative genomics, genome analysis and phylogenetic studies. development of novel species-specific microsatellite markers remains a costly and labor-intensive project. therefore, interest has been shifted from genomic to genic markers owing to their high inter-species transferability as they are developed from conserved coding regions of the genome. this study concentrates on comparative analysis of genic microsatell ... | 2011 | 22125396 |
large-scale transcriptome analysis in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), an orphan legume crop of the semi-arid tropics of asia and africa. | chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is an important legume crop in the semi-arid regions of asia and africa. gains in crop productivity have been low however, particularly because of biotic and abiotic stresses. to help enhance crop productivity using molecular breeding techniques, next generation sequencing technologies such as roche/454 and illumina/solexa were used to determine the sequence of most gene transcripts and to identify drought-responsive genes and gene-based molecular markers. a total o ... | 2011 | 21615673 |
development and use of genic molecular markers (gmms) for construction of a transcript map of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). | a transcript map has been constructed by the development and integration of genic molecular markers (gmms) including single nucleotide polymorphism (snp), genic microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (ssr) and intron spanning region (isr)-based markers, on an inter-specific mapping population of chickpea, the third food legume crop of the world and the first food legume crop of india. for snp discovery through allele re-sequencing, primer pairs were designed for 688 genes/expressed sequence ta ... | 2011 | 21384113 |
arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphopodia and germinated spore exudates trigger ca2+ spiking in the legume and nonlegume root epidermis. | • the aim of this study was to investigate ca(2+) responses to endosymbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi in the host root epidermis following pre-infection hyphopodium formation in both legumes and nonlegumes, and to determine to what extent these responses could be mimicked by germinated fungal spore exudate. • root organ cultures of both medicago truncatula and daucus carota, expressing the nuclear-localized cameleon reporter nupyc2.1, were used to monitor am-elicited ca(2+) responses in ... | 2011 | 20880223 |
fenpropimorph and fenhexamid impact phosphorus translocation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | fenpropimorph and fenhexamid are sterol biosynthesis inhibitor (sbi) molecules widely used to control diseases in agriculture. both molecules, at increasing concentrations, have been shown to impact on the non-target arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi. root colonization, spore production and mycelium architecture, including the branched absorbing structures which are thought to be involved in phosphorus (p) uptake, were affected. in the present study, we investigated the capacity of glomus sp. mu ... | 2011 | 21085999 |
the rice miniature inverted repeat transposable element mping is an effective insertional mutagen in soybean. | insertional mutagenesis of legume genomes such as soybean (glycine max) should aid in identifying genes responsible for key traits such as nitrogen fixation and seed quality. the relatively low throughput of soybean transformation necessitates the use of a transposon-tagging strategy where a single transformation event will produce many mutations over a number of generations. however, existing transposon-tagging tools being used in legumes are of limited utility because of restricted transpositi ... | 2011 | 21844309 |
capturing cold-stress-related sequence diversity from a wild relative of common bean (phaseolus angustissimus). | one restriction to the cultivation of common bean, phaseolus vulgaris l., is its limited tolerance to low temperatures. in the present study, subtraction suppression hybridization was employed to enrich for stress responsive genes in both a chilling-susceptible common bean and a relatively more chilling-tolerant wild bean species, phaseolus angustissimus. for each species, approximately 11 000 expressed sequence tags were generated. comparative sequence analysis of the est collection with the av ... | 2011 | 21797793 |
border sequences of medicago truncatula cle36 are specifically cleaved by endoproteases common to the extracellular fluids of medicago and soybean. | cle (clavata3/esr-related) peptides are developmental regulators that are secreted into the apoplast. little is known about the role of the sequences that flank cle peptides in terms of their biological activity or how they are targeted by proteases that are known to liberate the final active cle peptides from their precursor sequences. the biological activity of medicago truncatula cle36, which possesses broadly conserved border sequences flanking the putative final active cle36 peptide product ... | 2011 | 21633083 |
characterisation of the legume serk-nik gene superfamily including splice variants: implications for development and defence. | somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (serk) genes are part of the regulation of diverse signalling events in plants. current evidence shows serk proteins function both in developmental and defence signalling pathways, which occur in response to both peptide and steroid ligands. serks are generally present as small gene families in plants, with five serk genes in arabidopsis. knowledge gained primarily through work on arabidopsis serks indicates that these proteins probably interact with a ... | 2011 | 21385462 |
a legume specific protein database (legprot) improves the number of identified peptides, confidence scores and overall protein identification success rates for legume proteomics. | a legume specific protein database (legprot) has been created containing sequences from seven legume species, i.e., glycine max, lotus japonicus, medicago sativa, medicago truncatula, lupinusalbus, phaseolus vulgaris, and pisum sativum. the database consists of amino acid sequences translated from predicted gene models and 6-frame translations of tentative consensus (tc) sequences assembled from expressed sequence tags (ests) and singleton ests. this database was queried using mass spectral data ... | 2011 | 21353266 |
[cloning and characterization of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary coa reductase cdna of glycyrrhiza uralensis]. | to clone and analysis the sequence of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary coa reductase (hmgr) cdna from glycyrrhiza uralensis. | 2011 | 21837964 |
leaf morphology in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp]: qtl analysis, physical mapping and identifying a candidate gene using synteny with model legume species. | cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp] exhibits a considerable variation in leaf shape. although cowpea is mostly utilized as a dry grain and animal fodder crop, cowpea leaves are also used as a high-protein pot herb in many countries of africa. | 2012 | 22691139 |
genome-enabled insights into legume biology. | legumes are the third-largest family of angiosperms, the second-most-important crop family, and a key source of biological nitrogen in agriculture. recently, the genome sequences of glycine max (soybean), medicago truncatula, and lotus japonicus were substantially completed. comparisons among legume genomes reveal a key role for duplication, especially a whole-genome duplication event approximately 58 mya that is shared by most agriculturally important legumes. a second and more recent genome du ... | 2012 | 22404476 |
large-scale development of cost-effective snp marker assays for diversity assessment and genetic mapping in chickpea and comparative mapping in legumes. | a set of 2486 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were compiled in chickpea using four approaches, namely (i) solexa/illumina sequencing (1409), (ii) amplicon sequencing of tentative orthologous genes (togs) (604), (iii) mining of expressed sequence tags (ests) (286) and (iv) sequencing of candidate genes (187). conversion of these snps to the cost-effective and flexible throughput competitive allele specific pcr (kaspar) assays generated successful assays for 2005 snps. these marker assays h ... | 2012 | 22703242 |
transcriptional responses to drought stress in root and leaf of chickpea seedling. | chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is an important pulse crop grown mainly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. due to its taxonomic proximity with the model legume medicago truncatula and its ability to grow in arid soil, chickpea has its unique advantage to understand how plant responds to drought stress. in this study, an oligonucleotide microarray was used for analyzing the transcriptomic profiles of unigenes in leaf and root of chickpea seedling under drought stress, respectively. mic ... | 2012 | 22562393 |
characterization and genetic analysis of an ein4-like sequence (caetr-1) located in qtl(ar1) implicated in ascochyta blight resistance in chickpea. | two alleles of a chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) ethylene receptor-like sequence (caetr-1) were sequence-characterized using synteny analysis with genome sequences of medicago truncatula l. the full length of the sequence obtained in the accession flip84-92c resistant to ascochyta blight (caetr-1a) span 4,428 bp, including the polyadenylation signal in the 3'-untranslated region (utr), whereas it has a 730 bp deletion in the 3'-utr region in the susceptible accession pi359075 (caetr-1b). the deduc ... | 2012 | 22238063 |
large-scale development of cost-effective single-nucleotide polymorphism marker assays for genetic mapping in pigeonpea and comparative mapping in legumes. | single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps, >2000) were discovered by using rna-seq and allele-specific sequencing approaches in pigeonpea (cajanus cajan). for making the snp genotyping cost-effective, successful competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (kaspar) assays were developed for 1616 snps and referred to as pkams (pigeonpea kaspar assay markers). screening of pkams on 24 genotypes [23 from cultivated species and 1 wild species (cajanus scarabaeoides)] defined a set of 1154 polym ... | 2012 | 23103470 |
legumeip: an integrative database for comparative genomics and transcriptomics of model legumes. | legumes play a vital role in maintaining the nitrogen cycle of the biosphere. they conduct symbiotic nitrogen fixation through endosymbiotic relationships with bacteria in root nodules. however, this and other characteristics of legumes, including mycorrhization, compound leaf development and profuse secondary metabolism, are absent in the typical model plant arabidopsis thaliana. we present legumeip (http://plantgrn.noble.org/legumeip/), an integrative database for comparative genomics and tran ... | 2012 | 22110036 |
identification and expression analysis of multiple fro gene copies in medicago truncatula. | iron (fe) is an essential element for plant growth. commonly, this element is found in an oxidized form in soil, which is poorly available for plants. therefore, plants have evolved ferric-chelate reductase enzymes (fro) to reduce iron into a more soluble ferrous form. fe scarcity in plants induce the fro enzyme activity. although the legume medicago truncatula has been employed as a model for fro activity studies, only one copy of the m. truncatula mtfro1 gene has been characterized so far. in ... | 2012 | 23096909 |
in silico identification of known osmotic stress responsive genes from arabidopsis in soybean and medicago. | plants experience various environmental stresses, but tolerance to these adverse conditions is a very complex phenomenon. the present research aimed to evaluate a set of genes involved in osmotic response, comparing soybean and medicago with the well-described arabidopsis thaliana model plant. based on 103 arabidopsis proteins from 27 categories of osmotic stress response, comparative analyses against genosoja and medicago truncatula databases allowed the identification of 1,088 soybean and 1,21 ... | 2012 | 22802716 |
overall picture of expressed heat shock factors in glycine max, lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula. | heat shock (hs) leads to the activation of molecular mechanisms, known as hs-response, that prevent damage and enhance survival under stress. plants have a flexible and specialized network of heat shock factors (hsfs), which are transcription factors that induce the expression of heat shock proteins. the present work aimed to identify and characterize the glycine max hsf repertory in the soybean genome project (genosoja platform), comparing them with other legumes (medicago truncatula and lotus ... | 2012 | 22802710 |
[expression analysis of the medicago truncatula floral specific expression genes]. | the expression of genes specific to floral organ is important for the floral organ formation and development in medicago truncatula. screening of the genes specifically expressed in m. truncatula flowers and comparing the expression patterns of their orthologous homologous genes among different model plants can provide novel insights into the functions of these genes in controlling the floral organ development in m. truncatula. according to the expression profile data of pistillata (pi), we scre ... | 2012 | 22659435 |
texture of cellulose microfibrils of root hair cell walls of arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula, and vicia sativa. | cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth, and has qualities that make it suitable for biofuel. there are new tools for the visualisation of the cellulose synthase complexes in living cells, but those do not show their product, the cellulose microfibrils (cmfs). in this study we report the characteristics of cell wall textures, i.e. the architectures of the cmfs in the wall, of root hairs of arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula and vicia sativa and compare the different techniques ... | 2012 | 22458271 |
transcriptome sequencing of field pea and faba bean for discovery and validation of ssr genetic markers. | field pea (pisum sativum l.) and faba bean (vicia faba l.) are cool-season grain legume species that provide rich sources of food for humans and fodder for livestock. to date, both species have been relative 'genomic orphans' due to limited availability of genetic and genomic information. a significant enrichment of genomic resources is consequently required in order to understand the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits, and to support germplasm enhancement, genetic diversity, pop ... | 2012 | 22433453 |
boosting the globalization of plant proteomics through inppo: current developments and future prospects. | the international plant proteomics organization (inppo) is a non-profit-organization consisting of people who are involved or interested in plant proteomics. inppo is constantly growing in volume and activity, which is mostly due to the realization among plant proteomics researchers worldwide for the need of such a global platform. their active participation resulted in the rapid growth within the first year of inppo's official launch in 2011 via its website (www.inppo.com) and publication of th ... | 2012 | 22290804 |
development of high-throughput snp-based genotyping in acacia auriculiformis x a. mangium hybrids using short-read transcriptome data. | next generation sequencing has provided comprehensive, affordable and high-throughput dna sequences for single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) discovery in acacia auriculiformis and acacia mangium. like other non-model species, snp detection and genotyping in acacia are challenging due to lack of genome sequences. the main objective of this study is to develop the first high-throughput snp genotyping assay for linkage map construction of a. auriculiformis x a. mangium hybrids. | 2012 | 23265623 |
subcellular targeting of an evolutionarily conserved plant defensin mtdef4.2 determines the outcome of plant-pathogen interaction in transgenic arabidopsis. | the medicago truncatula gene encoding an evolutionarily conserved antifungal defensin mtdef4.2 was cloned and characterized. in silico expression analysis indicated that mtdef4.2 is expressed in many tissues during the normal growth and development of m. truncatula. mtdef4.2 exhibits potent broad-spectrum antifungal activity against various fusarium spp. transgenic arabidopsis thaliana lines in which mtdef4.2 was targeted to three different subcellular compartments were generated. these lines we ... | 2012 | 22776629 |
loss of abaxial leaf epicuticular wax in medicago truncatula irg1/palm1 mutants results in reduced spore differentiation of anthracnose and nonhost rust pathogens. | to identify genes that confer nonhost resistance to biotrophic fungal pathogens, we did a forward-genetics screen using medicago truncatula tnt1 retrotransposon insertion lines. from this screen, we identified an inhibitor of rust germ tube differentation1 (irg1) mutant that failed to promote preinfection structure differentiation of two rust pathogens, phakopsora pachyrhizi and puccinia emaculata, and one anthracnose pathogen, colletotrichum trifolii, on the abaxial leaf surface. cytological an ... | 2012 | 22294617 |
identification and characterization of resistance to cowpea aphid (aphis craccivora koch) in medicago truncatula. | cowpea aphid (cpa; aphis craccivora) is the most important insect pest of cowpea and also causes significant yield losses in other legume crops including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins and peanuts. in many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sap-sucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly emerged cpa biotypes. | 2012 | 22759788 |
promex - a mass spectral reference database for plant proteomics. | the promex database is one of the main collection of annotated tryptic peptides in plant proteomics. the main objective of the promex database is to provide experimental ms/ms-based information for cell type-specific or sub-cellular proteomes in arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula, chlamydomonas reinhardtii, lotus japonicus, lotus corniculatus, phaseolus vulgaris, lycopersicon esculentum, solanum tuberosum, nicotiana tabacum, glycine max, zea mays, bradyrhizobium japonicum, and sinorhizobi ... | 2012 | 22685450 |
an overall evaluation of the resistance (r) and pathogenesis-related (pr) superfamilies in soybean, as compared with medicago and arabidopsis. | plants have the ability to recognize and respond to a multitude of pathogens, resulting in a massive reprogramming of the plant to activate defense responses including resistance (r) and pathogenesis-related (pr) genes. abiotic stresses can also activate pr genes and enhance pathogen resistance, representing valuable genes for breeding purposes. the present work offers an overview of soybean r and pr genes present in the genosoja (brazilian soybean genome consortium) platform, regarding their st ... | 2012 | 22802711 |