Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID
Filter
rooting and establishment of in vitro grown shoot tip explants of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).shoot tip explants of 5.chickpea varieties were evaluated for efficiency of rooting using ms basal medium (1/4, 1/2 and full strength). maximum rooting was observed in 3 varieties when cultured in ms medium with 1/4 strength. plantlets thus developed, were further cultured in hoagland solution (1/4 strength) for 15-20 days which enhanced root number and root length. such plantlets established well in vermiculite/soil.19968979490
a gene for maackiain detoxification from a dispensable chromosome of nectria haematococca.in nectria haematococca the mak1 gene product converts a chick-pea (cicer arietinum) phytoalexin, maackiain, into a less toxic compound. the presence of mak1 in this fungal pathogen is also correlated with high virulence on chick-pea. previous genetic analysis suggested that mak1 is located on a meiotically unstable, dispensable chromosome. the unstable nature of this chromosome facilitated mak1 cloning by allowing us to identify a subset of genomic cosmid clones likely to contain mak1. truncate ...19968709942
construction and screening of subgenomic library of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) for legumin genes and their analysis.legumin storage protein genes of chickpea were identified by hybridizing restricted chickpea genomic dna transferred on southern blot with heterologous pea legumin cdna probes. southern hybridization of restricted chickpea genomic dna with pea legumin pdub6 and pdub8 cdna probes indicated presence of pea legumin homologous sequences in chickpea. about 4-5 kb ecori fragment was hybridized with both the probes used. dna corresponding to this size was isolated from the gel and used for construction ...19968792635
high-performance liquid chromatography/continuous-flow liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry of flavonoid glycosides in leguminous plant extracts.a method for the identification of flavonoid glycosides utilizing continuous-flow liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (cf-lsims) is presented. minimum detectable quantities (mdqs) were determined for three model flavonoid glycosides (rutin, naringin and esculin) by both positive ion direct insertion probe (dip)-lsims (1.6 nmol, 1.7 nmol and 730 pmol, respectively) and positive ion cf-lsims (330 pmol, 340 pmol and 290 pmol, respectively). optimization of cf-lsims instrumental parameters was pe ...19968799289
improving chickpea yield by incorporating resistance to ascochyta blight.ascochyta blight [ascochyta rabiei (pass.) lab.] is the most destructive disease of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), but it can be managed effectively by the use of resistant cultivars. therefore, a breeding programme was initiated during 1977-78 at icarda, syria, to breed blight-resistant, high-yielding chickpeas with other desirable agronomic traits. crosses were made in main season at tel hadya, syria, and the f1s were grown in the off season at terbol, lebanon. the f2, f4 and f5 generations we ...199624166317
chromatin characterization by banding techniques, in situ hybridization, and nuclear dna content in cicer l. (leguminosae).the karyotypes of three accessions, one each from three annual species of the genus cicer, namely cicer arietinum, cicer reticulation, and cicer echinospermum, were examined and compared using c-banding, the fluorochromes chromomycin a3, dapi, and hoechst 33258, in situ hybridization of the 18s-5.8s-25s and 5s rdna sequences, and silver staining. the nuclear dna content of the three species and the amount of heterochromatin were also determined. the results suggest an evolutionary pathway in whi ...199618469891
effect of phosphorus deficiency on growth angle of basal roots in phaseolus vulgaris.root architectural plasticity might be an important factor in the acquisition by plants of immobile nutrients such as phosphorus (p). in this study, we examined the effect of p availability on the orientation of basal roots with respect to gravity, and thereby on the growth angle of these roots of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.). in one set of studies the growth angle of basal roots of bean seedlings was measured over time. sixteen bean genotypes were examined; six showed a decrease in root ...199611541132
template mixing: a method of enhancing detection and interpretation of codominant rapd markers.ten codominant rapd markers, ranging in size from about 300 to about 1350 bp, were identified in mapping populations of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) and diploid strawberry (fragaria vesca l.). a distinguishing feature of all ten markers, and perhaps of codominant rapd markers in general, was the presence in heterozygous individuals of a non-parental, heteroduplex band migrating more slowly than either of the respective parental bands. this non-parental band could also be generated by mixing par ...199524169884
the potential of microsatellites for hybridization- and polymerase chain reaction-based dna fingerprinting of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) and related species.the genetic variability in agronomically important chickpea accessions (cicer arietinum l.) as detected by single-locus restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) probes, random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and isoenzyme markers, is rather low. recently, highly polymorphic microsatellites became the markers of choice for linkage mapping and population studies. we are currently following two main strategies to exploit the variability of microsatellites and adjacent sequences for genetic ...19958582367
abundance and polymorphism of di-, tri-and tetra-nucleotide tandem repeats in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).the abundance and polymorphism of 38 different simple-sequence repeat motifs was studied in four accessions of cultivated chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) by in-gel hybridization of synthetic oligonucleotides to genomic dna digested with 14 different restriction enzymes. among 38 probes tested, 35 yielded detectable hybridization signals. the abundance and level of polymorphism of the target sequences varied considerably. the probes fell into three broad categories: (1) probes yielding distinct, po ...199524173788
unusual sequence and characteristics of a chick-pea seed protein which is regulated by abscisic acid and is similar to late-embryogenesis-abundant proteins.the cdna clone gab-9 was selected from a cdna gene library constructed from the mrna of embryonic axes of chick-pea (cicer arietinum l.) seeds imbibed for 12 h in the presence of abscisic acid. the sequence of this cdna has an open reading frame of 546 nucleotides that code for 182 amino acids. the polypeptide encoded by the corresponding mrna is of approx. 20.5 kda, is basic, and has a broad hydrophobic central region flanked by two hydrophilic regions. the unusual characteristics of this prote ...19957647687
effect of heat treatment and germination on alpha amylase inhibitor activity in chick peas (cicer arietinum l.).chick pea seeds of twenty eight varieties were analysed for alpha amylase inhibitor activity (aia) using salivary amylase. the effects of heat treatment and germination on the activity of the antinutritional factor was investigated. heat treatment and germination decreased the activity of amylase inhibitor. chick pea meal was also subjected to uv irradiation and pressure cooking. these treatments decreased alpha amylase inhibitor activity. the amylase inhibitor activity decreased as the days of ...19947855080
detection of ribosomal dna sites in lentil and chickpea by fluorescent in situ hybridization.hybridization sites of an rdna probe coding for the 18s, 5.8s, and 26s genes were detected on lentil and chickpea somatic chromosomes using fluorescent in situ hybridization. one pair of hybridization sites was detected in cultivated lentil lens culinaris l. and wild lentil l. orientalis (boiss.) hand.-mazz., and in both the hybridization sites of the ribosomal probe correspond to the secondary constriction. in cultivated chickpea cicer arietinum three pairs of rdna sites were detected and in th ...199418470114
whole plant regeneration of cicer arietinum from callus cultures via organogenesis.a protocol for whole plant regeneration of cicer arietinum l. cv. c-235 via organogenesis from callus has been developed. callus initiation was best when immature leaflets were cultured on ms medium containing 5 or 25 μm 2,4-d or naa in combination with 10 μm ba, or 25 μm 2,4-d alone. the callus grew most vigorously on ms medum supplemented with 10 μm naa and 5 μmba. best shoot differentiation was obtained from calli derived from the basal portion of shoot tips on ms medium supplemented with 10 ...199424194130
plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).efficient plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis has been developed in chickpea cultivar c235. leaf explants, on ms medium supplemented with 1.25 mg/l 2,4-d and 0.25 mg/l kinetin, yielded somatic embryos with high efficiency during dark incubation. ms medium supplemented with b5 vitamins, 0.125 mg/l iba and 2 mg/l bap was found suitable for embryo maturation. the well formed embryos germinated into plantlets on basal b5 medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/l bap. further development into healt ...199424194028
ethylene regulates the expression of a cysteine proteinase gene during germination of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to conserved regions of cysteine proteinases were used as primers in the rt-pcr amplification of a fragment of cdna corresponding to a region of a cysteine proteinase gene expressed during germination of chickpea (cac for cicer arietinum cysteine proteinase). the identity of the pcr-amplified fragment was confirmed by sequencing and the fragment used as a probe to investigate the pattern of cac gene expression during germination and its hormonal regulatio ...19948018870
active oxygen generation in gamma-irradiated whole seedlings of cicer arietinum l.whole seedlings of cicer arietinum l. when exposed to 819 gy gamma-radiation, were found to emit ultraweak intensity luminescence. the phenomenon was oxygen-dependent, and the intensity of emission could be suppressed by post-irradiation treatment with catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbic acid. deuterium oxide and luminol amplified the emission intensity. these results suggest that singlet oxygen is a cause of the emission during the post-irradiation phase.20138023703
plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in chick pea (cicer arietinum l.).five genotypes of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) pg1, pg5, pg12, n59 and c235 were evaluated for induction of somatic embryogenesis. somatic embryogenesis was induced from immature cotyledons of genotypes pg12 and c235 and immature embryo axes of genotypes pg5, pg12 and c235. genotypes n59 and pg1 showed no response. the maximum frequency of globular embryo formation occurred in cotyledonary segments on ms medium with 3.0 mg/l 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-t). further embryo developmen ...199324201882
somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from callus cultures of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained from immature leaflet callus of chickpea. numerous globular embryos developed on the surface of callus on murashige and skoog's (1962) medium containing 25 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. these globular embryos differentiated into mature somatic embryos upon removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. the maturation of embryos was significantly affected by ph, photoperiod, abscisic acid and genotype. callus continued to produce somatic ...199324196114
the fine structure of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) chromosomes as revealed by pachytene analysis.a standard pachytene karyotype of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is presented for the first time. individual pachytene chromosomes were identified and described in detail. an idiogram was prepared on the basis of chromosome length, arm ratio, and distribution of heterochromatin and euchromatin. chickpea pachytene chromosomes belong to the "differentiated" type with darker staining heterochromatin proximal to and lighter staining euchromatin distal to the centromeres. chromosomes were numbered fro ...199324193714
inheritance and linkage relationships of morphological and isozyme loci in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).inheritance and linkage relationships of several morphological and isozyme loci are described in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). segregation data obtained from several f2 families confirmed the previously observed mode of inheritance for most of the morphological loci. additional morphological markers in chickpea are also described. most of the isozyme loci studied showed codominant expression and fit expected mendelian segregation ratios. however, distorted ratios were also observed for some loc ...199324193588
use of predator odors to protect chick-peas from predation by laboratory and wild mice.synthetic stoat odor (3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane and 2-propylthietane) and fox fecal odor (2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline) at various concentrations were applied to chick-peas (cicer arietinum) at sowing in an investigation aimed at reducing damage caused by house mice (mus musculus). stoat odor at 10% concentration exerted a measure of protection, as did 1% fox odor against predation by laboratory mice. wild mice were less affected by synthetic predator odor and appeared to have a shorter m ...199324249004
[development of a feeding formula from a protein concentrate of chick-pea (cicer arietinum)].a medical formula was developed from a chick-pea (cicer arietinum) protein concentrate obtained by ultrafiltration (67.8% of protein). additionally sucrose, methionine, milk flavor, and mixtures of corn and coconut oils, vitamins and minerals were used, to perform fao/who standards. all ingredients were blended in water to 50 degrees c, and the mixture was spray-dried with a spray-drier using inlet and outlet air temperatures of 170 and 90 degrees c respectively. the nutritive value of the formu ...19938002703
genetic transformation in the grain legume cicer arietinum l. (chickpea).in the grain legume cicer arietinum l. (chickpea), the seed-derived embryo axes deprived of the apical meristem were able to regenerate adventitious shoots on murashige and skoog (1962) medium supplemented with kinetin. this protocol was suitable for agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer by the co-cultivation technique. chickpea transgenic plants showed neomycin phosphotransferase ii and ß-glucuronidase activities and the presence in their genome of integrated bacterial dna.199324197018
genetic analysis of agronomic characters in chickpea. ii. estimates of genetic variances from line × tester mating designs.thirty line x tester experiments involving diverse chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) germplasm were conducted over 8 years and three locations to determine the nature of the genetic variance for grain yield and related characters, and the effects of generation and environment on these genetic parameters. days-to-flowering, 100-seed mass, and seeds per pod were predominantly under the control of additive genetic variance, while both additive and non-additive genetic components of variance were import ...199324196152
cytochemical characterization of two types of nuclear bodies in cicer arietinum l.the present study was carried out to characterize two distinct types of nuclear bodies, the nucleolus-associated bodies (nabs) and the satellites (sats) using some specific staining, enzyme and immunogold labeling techniques in cicer arietinum l. these bodies are of interest as the functional components of plant nucleus. dna-specific staining and labeling with anti-dna, a monoclonal antibody, were employed to verify the presence of dna in nabs as well as in sats. the enzyme-gold labeling techniq ...19921493794
genetic analysis of agronomic characters in chickpea : i. estimates of genetic variances from diallel mating designs.twenty-eight diallel trials over 8 years and two locations were analysed to estimate genetic variances for agronomic characters of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). the data were analysed according to method 4 and model i of griffing (1956). days to flowering, plant height, and seed size were found to be predominantly under additive inheritance and were highly predictable. both additive and non-additive genetic components were important for seed yield, number of branches, pods per plant, and seeds ...199224202919
isozyme polymorphism and phylogenetic interpretations in the genus cicer l.allozyme variation among 50 accessions representing the cultivated chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) and eight wild annual cicer species was scored and used to assess genetic diversity and phylogeny. sixteen enzyme systems revealed 22 putative and scorable loci of which 21 showed polymorphism. variation was prevalent between species (dst = 0.510) but not within species (hs = 0.050). no variation for isozyme loci was detected in the cultivated chickpea accessions. cicer reticulatum had the highest pr ...199224202680
genetic analysis of the role of phytoalexin detoxification in virulence of the fungus nectria haematococca on chickpea (cicer arietinum).chickpea (cicer arietium l.) produces the antimicrobial compounds (phytoalexins) medicarpin and maackiain in response to infection by microorganisms. nectria haematococca mating population (mp) vi, a fungus pathogenic on chickpea, can metabolize maackiain and medicarpin to less toxic products. these reactions are thought to be detoxification mechanisms in n. haematococca mp vi and required for pathogenesis by this fungus on chickpea. in the present study, these hypotheses were tested by examinin ...199216348672
three genes for metabolism of the phytoalexin maackiain in the plant pathogen nectria haematococca: meiotic instability and relationship to a new gene for pisatin demethylase.some isolates of the plant-pathogenic fungus nectria haematococca mating population (mp) vi metabolize maackiain and medicarpin, two antimicrobial compounds (phytoalexins) synthesized by chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). the enzymatic modifications by the fungus convert the phytoalexins to less toxic derivatives, and this detoxification has been proposed to be important for pathogenesis on chickpea. in the present study, loci controlling maackiain metabolism (mak genes) were identified by crosses a ...199216348671
[obtention of a protein concentrate of chickpea (cicer arietinum) by ultrafiltration].a protein concentrate was obtained from chick-pea (cicer arietinum) flour aqueous extract. the factor involved in the recovery of protein were the flour: water ratio, and the ph. the best aqueous extract was subjected to infiltration in a romicon hf1/2sss unit equipped with hollow fiber membranes cartridges with a nominal molecular-weight cut-off point of 50,000 daltons. the concentrate was spray-dried and the product obtained had the following composition, expressed in g/100 g: 67.8 protein wit ...19911841540
gene action for cold tolerance in chickpea.six crosses were investigated using combining ability and generation mean analyses for reaction to cold tolerance in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). the combining ability variances revealed the significance of both additive and nonadditive gene effects, with preponderance of additive gene effects. the generation mean analysis revealed the presence of genie interactions in addition to additive and dominance gene effects. among the interactions, additive×additive and dominance×dominance with duplic ...199124213339
ethylene production and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid conjugation in thermoinhibited cicer arietinum l. seeds.the effect of supraoptimal temperatures (30 degrees c, 35 degrees c) on germination and ethylene production of cicer arietinum (chick-pea) seeds was measured. compared with a 25 degrees c control, these temperatures inhibited both germination and ethylene production. the effect of supraoptimal temperatures could be alleviated by treating the seeds with ethylene. it was concluded that one effect of high temperature on germination was due to its negative effect on ethylene production. this inhibit ...199116668358
seed protein fractions and amino acid composition in gram (cicer arietinum).six chickpea strains were analysed for their protein content and various protein fractions. the protein content ranged from 20.9-25.27%. albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin contents ranged from 8.39-12.31%; 53.44-60.29%; 3.12-6.89% and 19.38-24.40% respectively. salt soluble proteins (albumin + globulin) and globulins resolved into 19-23 bands whereas albumin proteins resolved into 30-34 bands. the molecular weights of various polypeptides ranged from 10-91 kd. amino acid analysis of total ...19911924186
effect of processing on some chemical and nutritional characteristics of pre-cooked and dehydrated legumes.the effect of processing on chemical composition and protein quality of three legumes was studied. the species analyzed were beans (phaseolus vulgaris), tórtola and coscorrón varieties; lentils (lens esculenta), laird variety; and chick peas (cicer arietinum), california-inia variety. the legumes were soaked in a solution of na2 edta at 0.03% for 16 h and cooked for a predetermined period for each species. they were dried in a tray drier with cross currents of air flowing at a speed of 10 m/min ...19911656424
determination of oxyfluorfen herbicide and oxyfluorfen amine residues in garbanzo beans by liquid chromatography.oxyfluorfen and oxyfluorfen amine were determined by liquid chromatography (lc) with ultraviolet (uv) and photoconductivity detection (pcd). a simple extraction procedure acceptably recovered both analytes from garbanzo beans over a wide range of fortifications (0.05 to 20 ppm) (83 +/- 4 for oxyfluorfen; 85 +/- 4 for oxyfluorfen amine). percent recoveries decreased slightly as the fortification level decreased. both analytes could be determined simultaneously at a concentration greater than 0.2 ...20151874702
influence of phosphate and zinc on growth, nodulation and mineral composition of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) under salt stress.zn(2+) at 5 ppm and phosphate at 20 and 40 ppm improved the growth and nodulation of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) at two levels of salinity (4.34 and 8.3 ds m(-1)). augmentation with zn(2+) at 5 ppm provided protection to the plant under saline conditions by reducing the na(+):k(+) ratio in the shoot. the shoot nitrogen content with 5 ppm zn(2+) and 20 ppm phosphate was equal to that of a non-saline control. no significant effect on nitrogenase activity was observed.199124424933
elicitor-induced metabolic changes in cell cultures of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivars resistant and susceptible to ascochyta rabiei : ii. differential induction of chalcone-synthase-mrna activity and analysis of in-vitro-translated protein patterns.cell-suspension cultures of two chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivars, resistant (ilc 3279) and susceptible (ilc 1929) to the fungus ascochyta rabiei (pass.) lab., showed differential accumulation of the phytoalexins medicarpin and maackiain, and transient induction of related enzyme activities after application of an a. rabiei-derived elicitor. the chalcone-synthase (chs) activity (ec 2.3.1.74) which is involved in the first part of phytoalexin biosynthesis exhibited a maximum 8-12 h after el ...199024197107
elicitor-induced metabolic changes in cell cultures of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivars resistant and susceptible to ascochyta rabiei : i. investigations of enzyme activities involved in isoflavone and pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis.cell-suspension cultures of ascochyta rabiei-resistant (ilc 3279) and -susceptible (ilc 1929) chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivars were compared with regard to their elicitor-induced accumulation of pterocarpan phytoalexins and increases in the activities of biosynthetic enzymes. the growth performances and protein patterns of the two cell-culture lines were essentially identical. treatment of cell cultures with a polysaccharide elicitor from a. rabiei induced fivefold-higher amounts of the p ...199024197106
the role of cis-carotenoids in abscisic acid biosynthesis.evidence has been obtained which is consistent with 9'-cis-neoxanthin being a major precursor of abscisic acid (aba) in higher plants. a mild, rapid procedure was developed for the extraction and analysis of carotenoids from a range of tissues. once purified the carotenoids were identified from their light-absorbance properties, reactions with dilute acid, high-performance liquid chromatography rts, mass spectra and the quasiequilibria resulting from iodine-catalysed or chlorophyllsensitised pho ...199024197007
spatial and functional correlation between diamine-oxidase and peroxidase activities and their dependence upon de-etiolation and wounding in chick-pea stems.the activities of diamine oxidase (dao, ec 1.4.3.6) and peroxidase (pod, ec 1.11.1.7) were determined along the stems of light-grown cicer arietinum l. (chick-pea) seedlings. enzyme activities were evaluated in the soluble, lightly bound (salt extraction) and tightly bound (driselase digestion) wall fractions, and in residual fractions obtained from the different internodes. apparent tissue distributions of both enzymes and lignin depositions were visualised by means of histochemical and immunoh ...199024197003
testing values of crested porcupine habitats by experimental food patches.we established depletable, artificial food patches in three habitats used by indian crested porcupines (hystrix indica) in a desert biome, and measured the number of food items remaining (i.e., "giving up density"=gud) following nightly foraging bouts. porcupines discriminated between resource types (peanuts vs. garbanzo beans), and exhibited clear habitat preferences in the face of uniform resource availability in time and space. lowest gud's (=lowest foraging costs) were in the habitat of dens ...199028313185
influence of endogenous cytokinins on reverse mobilization in cotyledons of cicer arietinum l: reproduction of endogenous levels of total cytokinins, zeatin, zeatin riboside, and their corresponding glucosides.the embryonic axis plays an essential role in the mobilization of the main reserves of the cotyledons of seeds of cicer arietinum l. cv castellana. this control by the axis of the metabolism of the storage products of the cotyledons largely takes place through the cytokinins, which are transported from the embryonic axis to the cotyledons where the mobilization of reserves begins. the principal regulatory role of the endogenous cytokinins concerns the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins; th ...199016667549
phytoalexins as part of induced defence reactions in plants: their elicitation, function and metabolism.microbial infection of plants or elicitation of cell cultures initiates substantial metabolic changes directed at the induction of defence reactions. the antimicrobial phytoalexins deserve special attention because they represent one essential component of plant resistance. the great structural diversity of phytoalexins and possible cellular sites for their toxic activity are discussed. pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis in cicer arietinum is an example of the induction of extended biosyntheti ...19902086034
cross-allergenicity in the legume botanical family in children with food hypersensitivity. ii. laboratory correlates.only two of 41 legume-allergic patients diagnosed by double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenge or "convincing history" of anaphylaxis had an ige-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to more than one member of the legume family. however, extensive immunologic cross-reactivity was demonstrated among legume antigens on immunoblot and immunodot-blot analyses and prick skin tests. the proteins of six legumes (peanut, soybean, lima bean, pea, garbanzo bean, and green beans) were separated by ...19892809025
potential of recycling gamma-irradiated sewage sludge for use as a fertilizer: a study on chickpea (cicer arietinum).the effects of gamma-irradiated sludge on the growth and yield of chickpea (cicer arietinum) in pot cultures have been studied. compared to plants grown only in soil, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of plants grown in soil supplemented with unirradiated sludge were found to be significantly reduced. this inhibition in growth was found to be nullified when plants were grown in soil supplemented with gamma-irradiated sludge, suggesting that gamma radiation induced inactivation of toxic su ...198915092481
amine oxidase from lathyrus cicera and phaseolus vulgaris: purification and properties.cu-amine oxidases (amine oxygen oxidoreductase deaminating, copper containing e.c. 1.4.3.6.) are found in all forms of life (1). they catalyze the following general reaction: r-ch2-nh2 + o2 + h2o----r-cho + nh3 + h2o2. cu-amine oxidases (cu-aos) have been extracted from different leguminosae: pisum sativum (2-3), lathyrus sativus (4), lens esculenta (5), vicia faba (6), cicer arietinum (7), glycine max (8) but not from phaseolus vulgaris. palavan and galston (9), in a study of polyamine biosynth ...19892798365
partial purification and characterization of nadp-isocitrate dehydrogenase from immature pod walls of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).nadp(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase (threo-ds-isocitrate: nadp(+) oxidoreductase [decarboxylating]; ec 1.1.1.42) (idh) from pod walls of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) was purified 192-fold using ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex a-50, and gel filtration through sephadex g-200. the purified enzyme, having a molecular weight of about 126,000, exhibited a broad ph optima from 8.0 to 8.6. it was quite stable at 4 degrees c and had an absolute requirement for a ...198816666218
isolation and characterization of a novel haemoprotein b-559 from bengal gram (cicer arietinum).a haemoprotein was purified to apparent homogeneity from bengal-gram seeds. the purified protein exhibited an absorption maximum at 412 nm (soret band) that upon reduction with dithionite gave rise to a shift in the soret band to 426 nm with concomitant appearance of an alpha-band at 559 nm and a beta-band at 530 nm. in the reduced state the bengal-gram haemoprotein showed reactivity towards co, nitrite and hydroxylamine. sds/polyacrylamide-slab-gel electrophoresis showed that the haemoprotein h ...19873663098
[diet therapy of hyperlipidemia in children].a classification of hyperlipidemias (hlp) in children has been presented in which the main types and forms of the disease are described. the general principles of the diet therapy in children with hlp have been formulated. it is stressed that the ration should include the products containing lipotropic substances, and possessing anticholesterol properties. a special attention is paid to chick-pea (cicer arietinum) that contains essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids with antiscler ...20063590677
diurnal patterns of canopy photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) under field conditions.diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate (pn), evapotranspiration rate (et) and water use efficiency (wue=pn/et) of field grown chickpea (cicer arietinum) l. cv. h-355 were studied from the vegetative phase through maturirty at haryana agricultural university farm, hissar, india. the maximum photosynthetic rate (pn max) increased from the initial vegetative phase to pod formation and declined at a rapid rate from pod filling to maturity. the response of pn to photosynthetic photon flux density ...198724435463
microbiological quality of sausages containing chickpea flour (cicer arietinum).english-type fresh skinless pork sausages in which 30% of the protein was replaced by unheated chickpea flour or by chickpea flour heated at 80°c for 1 h were evaluated microbiologically. during storage at 0°c, but not 22°c, incorporation of unheated chickpea flour lowered the microbiological quality of the sausages, but incorporation of chickpea flour previously heated at 80°c for 1 h led to no less of microbiological quality.198722056048
effects of distillery waste on the performance of cicer arietinum l.the impact of distillery effluent in various concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) on the seed germination, speed of germination index, growth behaviour, leaf area, biomass, net primary productivity, pigment content, reproductive capacity, seed output, seed weight, seed density and the seed protein content of cicer arietinum l. plants was investigated. the percentage and speed of germination of seeds were increasingly retarded with increase in effluent concentration and at 100% con ...198715092803
metabolism and enzymology of isoflavone malonylglucosides and pterocarpan phytoalexins in cicer arietinum. 198617345376
purfication and properties of a specific isoflavone 7-o-glucoside-6''-malonate malonyestrase from roots of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).protein extracts from roots of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) plants contained high esterase activity hydrolyzing malonate hemiesters of isoflavone 7-o-glucosides. using 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone (biochanin a) 7-o-glucoside-6"-malonate as a substrate, a specific malonylesterase was purified about 700-fold to near homogeneity. the purified enzyme possesses an extremely low enzyme activity with synthetic esterase substrates. various putative nonspecific esterases, as tested with alpha-naph ...19863740841
purification and properties of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from immature pods of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.31) was purified to homogeneity with about 29% recovery from immature pods of chickpea using ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose chromatography, and gel filtration through sephadex g-200. the purified enzyme with molecular weight of about 200,000 daltons was a tetramer of four identical subunits and exhibited maximum activity at ph 8.1. mg(2+) ions were specifically required for the enzyme activity. the enzyme showed typical hyperbolic kinetic ...198616664628
effectiveness of selection methods in chickpea cicer arietinum under different environments.three selection procedures, single-seed-descent, selection of the best 5% in both seed size and seed yield per plant were followed in two divergent crosses of chickpea under four environments in order to study the improvement of seed yield. analysis of variance showed wide ranges of variability for all characters except days to maturity. seed size (ssb) was found to be superior to single seed (ssd), followed by seed yield (yb), for developing high yielding lines. fertility and spacing had no inf ...198524253125
genetic divergence and biology of adaptation incicer arietinum l.the role of 19 structural, developmental and biochemical traits in relation to specific adaptation was analysed in a set of 17 diverse lines with quantified adaptation, representing contemporary cultivars and land races of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), using multivariate analysis. significant varietal variation was observed for most characters, particularly for the activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase (nr) and protein content in the plant. the distance analysis (d(2)-statistic) revealed tha ...198524253907
altered development of polysomal rna activity in chick-pea (cicer arietinum l.) embryonic axes. effects of abscisic acid and temperature.the in vitro activity of polysomal polyadenylated rna (poly(a)rna) was studied using chick-pea (cicer arietinum l.) embryonic axes subjected to treatments retarding germination (h2o 30°c and abscisic acid [aba] 30°c) or inducing a false germination (thiourea 30°c) in which normal protein synthesis and growth did not occur. all treatments induced a smaller proportion of poly(a)rna compared with the control (h2o 25°c). however, poly(a)rna obtained in the presence of aba had a similar in vitro acti ...198524248226
nutritional evaluation of sausages containing chick pea flour (cicer arietinum).nutritional evaluation of protein quality was carried out on english-type fresh skinless pork sausages in which 30% of the protein had been replaced by chick pea flour. net protein utilisation, biological value and protein efficiency ratio were unaffected by 30 % meat protein replacement. comparison of the amino acid composition with the biological values suggested some reduction in amino acid availability due to cooking.198522056074
partial characterization of subtilisin isoinhibitors from chick peas (cicer arietinum). 19853915845
malonyl-coenzyme a:isoflavone 7-o-glucoside-6"-o-malonyltransferase from roots of chick pea (cicer arietinum l.).a malonyltransferase which catalyzes the malonylation of isoflavone 7-o-glucosides in position 6 of the glucose moiety using malonyl-coenzyme a as acyl donor has been purified 157-fold from 4-day-old roots of chick pea (cicer arietinum l.). the enzyme showed a ph optimum of 8.0 and a molecular weight of 112,000. the km for malonylcoenzyme a was 48 microm and, for the chick pea isoflavones biochanin a and formononetin, 36 and 24 microm, respectively. various other isoflavone, flavone, and flavono ...19846497385
early generation yield testing versus visual selection in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).four f3 populations of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) were simultaneously evaluated for yield in an f3 yield trial and in single plant progeny rows. ten high yielding, 10 low yielding and 10 randomly sampled lines, along with 10 lines visually selected for yield from the progeny rows, were retained for further evaluation. the lines from each of the four selection groups in each population were bulked and evaluated in a replicated yield trial at three locations and four environments. the bulk of v ...198424257825
isolation of sodium chloride-tolerant callus line of cicer arietinum l. cv. bg-203.a nacl-tolerant callus line of cicer arietinum has been isolated, as a spontaneous variant, on agar-solidified ms-medium supplemented with 100 mm nacl. the growth of this line, in the presence of 100 mm nacl, was comparable to that of the nacl-sensitive callus line growing in the absence of nacl. regarding relative tolerance of the two callus lines towards nacl (0 to 200 mm), the tolerant line performed poorly in the absence of nacl and exhibited optimal growth at 50 mm nacl. the tolerance persi ...198424253390
high performance liquid chromatographic separation of isoflavones and structural elucidation of isoflavone 7-o-glucoside 6''-malonates from cicer arietinum.an efficient separation by hplc of isoflavone aglycones and glucosides on reversed - phase columns is described. the main isoflavone constituents of cicer arietinum l., various trifolium species, baptisia australis l. and ononis spinosa l. are formononetin 7-o-glucoside 6''-malonate and biochanin a 7-o-glucoside 6''-malonate.198317404971
induced autotetraploidy in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).in chickpea, out of three colchicine concentrations and two treatment durations used (combinations of 0.25, 0.05, 0.025% colchicine and 4 and 6 h duration), seed treatment with 0.25% for 4 h proved to be the most effective in producing autotetraploids. colchicine treatment on seedlings failed. the induced tetraploidy was accompanied by larger leaves, flowers, stomata, pollen grains and seeds. mean percentage stainable pollen and podset were reduced, but some plants had relatively normal meiosis ...198324263339
pangamic acid, a stamina building, antistress and anti-hyperlipidemic principle from cicer arietinum l. 19836865453
hormonal regulation of growth of cicer arietinum l. epicotyls. changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall.the growth capacity of the epicotyls of cicer arietinum l. decreased from the sub-apical region to the basal region. the pectic fraction content falls from the upper to the lower part of the epicotyls. contrary to this, the α-cellulose content was lower in the upper part and higher in the basal one. the hemicellulosic content was almost constant over the whole epicotyl. treatment of the epicotyls with iaa or ga3, compounds which induce growth in epicotyls, induced a decrease in galactose content ...198224257764
role of indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid and kinetin on epicotyl growth in cicer arietinum l. 19827170429
biochemical changes in cicer arietinum seedling on exposure to endosulphan. 19826762334
peroxidase and iaa oxidase in germinating seeds of cicer arietinum l.peroxidase and indole acetic oxidase (ia oxidase) activities in seeds of cicer arietinum l. were studied at 72 h of germination. both activities behaved differently in relation to optimum ph, stability against temperature and time of storage of 4 degrees c. disc electrophoresis on polyacrilamide gel showed the existence of five anionic and three cationic isoenzymes with peroxidase activity by using benzidine as substrate; three of the anionic isoenzymes and one cationic isoenzyme possessed a sim ...19827122973
nutritional status of cuban refugees: a field study on the health and nutriture of refugees processed at opa locka, florida.a field study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status of newly arrived cuban refugees. the protocol consisted of socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric, laboratory, and dietary investigations. a total of 138 refugees was studied at opa locka, fl. the results revealed that 25% of children suffered from malnutrition mostly of the first degree. second degree malnutrition was rare and cases of third degree malnutrition or infantile kwashiorkor were not found. obesity was found in 17% of wo ...19827064909
reduction of postprandial plasma glucose by bengal gram dal (cicer arietinum) and rajmah (phaseolus vulgaris).postprandial plasma glucose levels were measured in six healthy subjects at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after taking 50 g of carbohydrate in the form of wheat, rice, bengal gram dal (channa dal), and rajmah (red kidney beans) and compared with the plasma glucose values obtained after taking 50 g dextrose. bangal gram dal and rajmah, when compared with dextrose, were found to be more effective in reducing postprandial plasma glucose levels than wheat and rice. moreover, the mean peak rise ...19817304486
udp-glucose:isoflavone 7-o-glucosyltransferase from roots of chick pea (cicer arietinum l.). 19816458246
immunohistochemical localization of β-glucosidases in lignin and isoflavone metabolism in cicer arietinum l. seedlings.coniferin specific- and isoflavone 7-glucoside specific β-glucosidases have been localized in stem and root sections of chick pea (cicer arietinum l.) seedlings by the indirect immunofluorometrical method. the coniferin specific β-glucosidase has been found in the cell walls of the tracheary elements and of the endo-, epi-, and exodermis. all these tissues are known to contain either lignin or polymers, like suberin and cutin, which consist partially of phenylpropanoid elements. the localization ...198124301164
studies on desi and kabuli chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cultivars. 3. mineral and trace element composition. 20017309995
purification and characterization of a membrane-bound atp diphosphohydrolase from cicer arietinum (chick-pea)roots.microsomal membranes from cicer arietinum (chick-pea) roots contained an atp phosphohydrolase activity that could be solubilized by high-ionic-strength media. the enzyme has been purified to homogeneity by affinity and ion-exchange chromatography. it has the properties of an atp diphosphohydrolase (apyrase, ec 3.6.1.5) that hydrolyses different nucleoside di- and tri-phosphates but has no activity towards monophosphoric esters and pyrophosphate. no stimulation by k+ could be demonstrated for eit ...19816275835
[charakterisierung einer udpg-isoflavon-7-0-glucosyltransferase aus wurzeln der kichererbse (cicer arietinum l.).]. 198117401910
[immunofluorometrische lokalisation von beta-glucosidasen in cicer arietinum l. keimlingen.]. 198117401889
relationship between nonprotein nitrogen and total nitrogen in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) seed. 20137229221
preliminary characterization of a cholinesterase from roots of bengal gram - cicer arietinum l.a cholinesterase was isolated and purified (65-fold) from roots of bengal gram (cicer arietinum l.) seedlings. it hydrolyzes acetylcholine and acetylthiocholine more readily than propionylthiocholine or butyrylthiocholine. the enzyme has high affinity for acetylthiocholine (km=150 μm) and is inhibited by animal anticholinesterases, neostigmine and physostigmine, and by phosfon-d, a plant growth retardant.198025385985
preformed mrna in cotyledons of ungerminated seeds of cicer arietinum l.polyadenylated rna was isolated from total rna extracted from cotyledons of ungerminated or 18-hour-germinated chick-pea seeds by affinity chromatography on oligo(dt)-cellulose. both poly(a)-containing rna fractions exhibited a template activity when assayed in two cell-free translation systems, wheat germ extracts, and nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysates. translation of preformed mrna from cotyledons of dry seeds was completely abolished in the presence of several inhibitors of polypeptide ch ...198016661345
respiratory activity during germination of seeds of cicer arietinum l. ii. effect of some metabolic inhibitors and mitochondrial activities.changes in respiration rate during the early period of germination of cicer arietinum l. seeds were studied. three phases were distinguished. during phases i and ii the rq was higher than unity. sodium fluoride showed no effect on gaseous exchange during phase i while in phases ii and iii a progressive increase in the inhibition of the respiratory activity was obtained. iodoacetate inhibited oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide evolution from the beginning of germination. the activities of mitochond ...1979542702
quantitative inheritance and barriers to crossability in cicer arietinum l.three different diallel crosses were studied in cicer arietinum; two of size 6×6, one within each of the two botanical groups 'macrosperma' and 'microsperma' of the cultivated subspecies, and one of 9×9 involving lines covering most of the morphological variation of chickpea. barriers to crossability present neither a botanical nor a geographical pattern, being probably a direct consequence of interactions between genotypes. the genetic systems of twelve quantitative characters were analysed. fu ...197924306384
characterization of beta-glucosidase isoenzymes possibly involved in lignification from chick pea (cicer arietinum l.) cell suspension cultures.crude cell wall preparations from cicer arietinum l. cell suspension cultures show high activity for the hydrolysis of coniferyl alcohol beta-d-glucoside (coniferin). various beta-glucosidase activities could be solubilized from these preparations by 0.5 m nacl treatment and one of these could be shown to possess a high activity for the hydrolysis of coniferin. the enzyme activities were purified to near homogeneity by sephadex g-200 and cm-sephadex chromatography. isoelectric focussing indicate ...197825181
appearance of an alternate pathway cyanide-resistant during germination of seeds of cicer arietinum.the combined action of the inhibitors antimycin a and cyanide with benzohydroxamic acid indicates the presence of a cyanide-resistant pathway of respiration in chick pea (cicer arietinum l.) seeds. the appearance of this pathway takes place during germination. during the first 12 hours of germination, the respiration is predominantly cyanide-sensitive, showing after this time a shift to an "alternate" respiration which is sensitive to benzohydroxamic acid, reaching the maximal cyanide resistance ...197716660130
[purification of peroxidases and separation of isoperoxidases from various plant species (author's transl)].the partial purification of peroxidase (ec.1.11.1.7) and separation of isoperoxidases by disc electrophoresis from cucurbita pepo l., phaseolus vulgaris l., cicer arietinum l. and hordeum, secale and triticum sp., have been studied. peroxidase from fruit of pumpkin and from 6-day-old coleoptiles of french bean and chick pea has been partially purified, 128-, 174-, and 140-fold, respectively. the apparent km at the optimum ph were: pumpkin (epicarp.), 2.7 x 10(-4) m; barley, common rye and wheat ...1977897327
the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick pears (cicer arietinum l). the relationships among the six isoinhibitors.the six isoinhibitors of trypsin and chymotrypsin which were previously purified from a crude extract of chick peas were further studied with the intention of establishing the relationships among them. exposure of each fraction to active, matrix-bound trypsin resulted in a decrease of the specific inhibitory activities towards trypsin of fractions p-1, p-3 and p-5 while those of p-4 and p-6 were increased. each of these fractions was separated into several sub-fractions after chromatography on a ...1977849741
[purification and properties of two beta-glycosidases from cicer arietinum l. with preferential specificity for biochanin a 7-beta-apiosylglucoside (author's transl)].four different beta-glycosidases have been separated from leaves of chick pea plants, cicer arietinum l., by deae-cellulose chromatography. one is specific for isoflavone 7-beta-glucosides and has been described elsewhere. two others showed very similar protein properties and identical catalytic activities. they have been further purified and both appeared as single, homogeneous protein bands after alkaline disc electrophoresis as well as isoelectric focusing. isoelectric points are at ph 4.35 a ...197614068
a trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor from chick peas (cicer arietinum).1. a trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor was isolated by extraction of chick-pea meal at ph8.3, followed by (nh4)2so4 precipitation and successive column chromatography on cm-cellulose and calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite). 2. the inhibitor was pure by polyacrylamide-gel and cellulose acetate electrophoresis and by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. 3. the inhibitor had a molecular weight of approx. 10000 as determined by ultracentrifugation and by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in ...1976791269
adaptive responses and genetic divergence in a world germplasm collection of chick pea (cicer arietinum l.).a world germplasm collection of 5477 lines of chick pea were evaluated for eight characters related to fitness and yield at two locations in india. multivariate analyses as mahalanobis d (2) statistic, canonical analysis, and factor analysis were used for the classification of this material and to assess the genetic divergence between them.on d (2) analysis and grouping the whole collection fell into six clusters with substantial genetic divergence between them. despite the overall parallelism b ...197624414620
the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick peas (cicer arietinum l). identification of the trypsin-reactive site, partial-amino-acid sequence and further physico-chemical properties of the major inhibitor.the two principal isoinhibitors p-5 and p-6 isolated earlier from the seeds of chick peas (cicer arietinum l.) by a procedure involving biospecific affinity chromatography on active, matrix-bound trypsin are shown to be the virgin and trypsin-modified forms of the same inhibitor. the virgin inhibitor p-5 consists of a single peptide chain of 66 amino acid residues cross-linked by seven disulfide bridges. upon interaction with the matrix-bound trypsin under the conditions used the virgin inhibito ...19761261538
the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick peas (cicer arietinum l.). purification and properties of the inhibitors.from a crude extract of chick peas (cicer arietinum l.) inhibitors of trypsin and chymotrypsin were isolated by affinity chromatography on a column of trypsin-sepharose 6b. the content of inhibitors was found to be 1.5 g/kg. they were further separated into six isoinhibitors by ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex a-25. two of the isoinhibitors accounted for about 50% of the isolated inhibitors and were further purified to a homogeneous state. the isoinhibitors had a molecular weight of ...19751266
beta-glucosidases from cicer arietinum l. purification and properties of isoflavone-7-o-glucoside-specific beta-glucosidases.beta-glucosidases specific for isoflavone 7-o-glucosides have been isolated from garbanzo plants, cicer arietinum l. these aryl-beta-glucohydrolases occur in the different organs of the plant as multiple molecular forms. the major isoenzymes of the roots, the leaves and the hypocotyl were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. when subjected to isoelectric focussing in polyac rylamide gels the electrophoretically homogeneous glucohydrolases were found to consist of one or two major and several ...1975240725
further studies on the relationship between the rates of nitrate uptake, growth and conductivity changes in the medium of plant cell suspension cultures.the changes in packed cell volume and in nitrate content and conductivity of the medium during the growth cycle of cell suspension cultures from petroselinum hortense hoffm., glycine max merr., and haplopappus gracilis a. grey in a chemically defined medium were compared. in all three cases sigmoidal curves obtained for large decreases in the conductivity were paralleled by similar curves for the rates of nitrate depletion from the medium until this nutrient was completely exhausted. further dec ...197524435270
tryptophan metabolism in cicer arietinum.crude extracts of cicer arietinum seedlings contain enzymes that mediate the oxidation of tryptophan. the most active is formylase followed by tryptophan oxygenase and kynureninase. tryptophan is also utilized for the synthesis of indolyl-3-acetic acid. the stimulation of tryptophan oxygenase in seedlings incubated in presnece of indolyl-3-acetic acid has been shown by specific labelling of haem moeity and the apoenzyme not to involve de novo synthesis.19751244106
purification and properties of a s-adenosylmethionine: isoflavone 4'-o-methyltransferase from cell suspension cultures of cicer arietinum l. 19744452353
biochemical changes in seeds of cicer arietinum, l. during germination. 19744438791
incorporation of (u-14c)aspartate into lysine, threonine and other amino acids in bengal gram (cicer arietinum). 19734792947
domestication of pulses in the old world: legumes were companions of wheat and barley when agriculture began in the near east.this article reviews the available information on the place of origin and time of domestication of the cultivated pea (pisum sativum), lentil (lens culinaris), broad bean (vicia faba), bitter vetch (v. ervilia), and chickpea (cicer arietinum). on the basis of (i) an examination and evaluation of archeological remains and (ii) an identification of the wild progenitors and delimitation of their geographic distribution, it was concluded that pea and lentil should be regarded as founder crops of old ...197317737521
Displaying items 801 - 900 of 1061