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legume genomics: understanding biology through dna and rna sequencing.the legume family (leguminosae) consists of approx. 17 000 species. a few of these species, including, but not limited to, phaseolus vulgaris, cicer arietinum and cajanus cajan, are important dietary components, providing protein for approx. 300 million people worldwide. additional species, including soybean (glycine max) and alfalfa (medicago sativa), are important crops utilized mainly in animal feed. in addition, legumes are important contributors to biological nitrogen, forming symbiotic rel ...201424769535
snp marker discovery, linkage map construction and identification of qtls for enhanced salinity tolerance in field pea (pisum sativum l.).field pea (pisum sativum l.) is a self-pollinating, diploid, cool-season food legume. crop production is constrained by multiple biotic and abiotic stress factors, including salinity, that cause reduced growth and yield. recent advances in genomics have permitted the development of low-cost high-throughput genotyping systems, allowing the construction of saturated genetic linkage maps for identification of quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with traits of interest. genetic markers in clos ...201324134188
comparative sequence analysis of nitrogen fixation-related genes in six legumes.legumes play an important role as food and forage crops in international agriculture especially in developing countries. legumes have a unique biological process called nitrogen fixation (nf) by which they convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. although legume genomes have undergone polyploidization, duplication and divergence, nf-related genes, because of their essential functional role for legumes, might have remained conserved. to understand the relationship of divergence and evolutionary p ...201323986765
in vivo inhibition of helicoverpa armigera gut pro-proteinase activation by non-host plant protease inhibitors.we evaluated 22 different host and non-host plant protease inhibitors (pis) for in vivo inhibition of helicoverpa armigera gut pro- and proteinases, and their biological activity against the pod borer, h. armigera, the most important pest of agriculture and horticultural crops worldwide. in vitro activation of h. armigera gut pro-proteinases (hagpps) in larvae fed on non-host plant pis showed significant in vivo inhibition of hagpps activation in solution as well as in gel assays. the larvae fed ...201020416317
advances in development of transgenic pulse crops.it is three decades since the first transgenic pulse crop has been developed. todate, genetic transformation has been reported in all the major pulse crops like vigna species, cicer arietinum, cajanus cajan, phaseolus spp, lupinus spp, vicia spp and pisum sativum, but transgenic pulse crops have not yet been commercially released. despite the crucial role played by pulse crops in tropical agriculture, transgenic pulse crops have not moved out from laboratories to large farm lands compared to the ...200818055156
characterization of alpha-mannosidase from erythrina indica seeds and influence of endogenous lectin on its activity.alpha-mannosidase from erythrina indica seeds is a zn(2+) dependent glycoprotein with 8.6% carbohydrate. the enzyme has a temperature optimum of 50 degrees c and energy of activation calculated from arrhenius plot was found to be 23 kj mol(-1). n-terminal sequence up to five amino acid residues was found to be dtqen (asp, thr, gln, glu, and asn). in chemical modification studies treatment of the enzyme with nbs led to total loss of enzyme activity and modification of a single tryptophan residue ...200716935428
subtilisin inhibitors in legume seeds.subtilisin inhibitors (si) having an average molecular mass of 8 kda purified from jack beans (canavalia ensiformis) and broad beans (vicia faba) to electrophoretical homogeneity are compared to those isolated from chick peas (cicer arietinum) and black beans (phaseolus vulgaris). the specificity spectrum of si is restricted to microbial serine proteinases. their interaction with subtilisin carlsberg is variable, obtaining the highest value for black bean, followed by broad bean, chick pea and j ...19883060146
influence of sodium selenite on growth, nutrient utilization and selenium uptake in cavia porcellus.a 70 day experiment on forty guinea pigs (cavia porcellus) was conducted to find the influence of different level of sodium selenite (inorganic selenium supplementation) on growth, nutrient utilization and selenium uptake. the sodium selenite was supplemented into a basal diet at 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 ppm, respectively and the basal diet comprised of 25% ground cowpea (vigna unguiculata) hay, 30% ground maize (zea mays) grain, 22% ground gram (cicer arietinum) grain, 9.5% deoiled rice (oryza sativ ...201224163954
removal of mercury from aqueous solutions using activated carbon prepared from agricultural by-product/waste.removal of mercury from aqueous solutions using activated carbon prepared from ceiba pentandra hulls, phaseolus aureus hulls and cicer arietinum waste was investigated. the influence of various parameters such as effect of ph, contact time, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dose for the removal of mercury was studied using a batch process. the experiments demonstrated that the adsorption process corresponds to the pseudo-second-order-kinetic models and the equilibrium adsorption data ...200918313830
near-isogenic lines of desi chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) that differ in milling ease: differences in chemical composition.milling performance is an important attribute for desi chickpea and other pulses, as varieties that are more difficult-to-mill lead to processing yield loss and damage to the resulting split cotyledons (dhal) such as chipping and abrasion which are unattractive to the consumer. poor milling performance leads to poor dhal quality and therefore lower prices and profitability along the pulse value chain. the pulse breeding australia chickpea program identified near-isogenic desi lines that differed ...201728303051
effect of sodium selenite on isoflavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) sprouts.isoflavonoid compositions, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) activity and antioxidant capacity were evaluated in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) sprouts germinated after soaking with different sodium selenite (na2seo3) concentrations (0, 1 and 2mg/100g seeds). chickpea seeds were germinated during four days at 24°c and the isoflavonoid profiles and concentrations evaluated by hplc-uv daily during four days of germination. eleven isoflavones and two pterocarpan phytoalexins forms were identified in ...201728254020
genetic variation of a global germplasm collection of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) including italian accessions at risk of genetic erosion.chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is one of the most important legumes worldwide. we addressed this study to the genetic characterization of a germplasm collection from main chickpea growing countries. several italian traditional landraces at risk of genetic erosion were included in the analysis. twenty-two simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers, widely used to explore genetic variation in plants, were selected and yielded 218 different alleles. structure analysis and hierarchical clustering indicated ...201728250595
evaluation of extraction and degradation methods to obtain chickpeasaponin b1 from chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).the objective of this research is to implement extraction and degradation methods for the obtainment of 3-o-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl] soyasapogenol b (chickpeasaponin b1) from chickpea. the effects of microwave-assisted extraction (mae) processing parameters-such as ethanol concentration, solvent/solid ratio, extraction temperature, microwave irradiation power, and irradiation time-were evaluated. using 1g of material with 8 ml of 70% aqueous ethanol and an extraction time ...201728230799
root traits confer grain yield advantages under terminal drought in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).chickpea, the second most important legume crop, suffers major yield losses by terminal drought stress (ds). stronger root system is known to enhance drought yields but this understanding remains controversial. to understand precisely the root traits contribution towards yield, 12 chickpea genotypes with well-known drought response were field evaluated under drought and optimal irrigation. root traits, such as root length density (rld), total root dry weight (rdw), deep root dry weight (deep rdw ...201728163361
arsenic tolerant trichoderma sp. reduces arsenic induced stress in chickpea (cicer arietinum).toxic metalloids including arsenic (as) can neither be eliminated nor destroyed from environment; however, they can be converted from toxic to less/non-toxic forms. the form of as species and their concentration determines its toxicity in plants. therefore, the microbe mediated biotransformation of as is crucial for its plant uptake and toxicity. in the present study the role of as tolerant trichoderma in modulating as toxicity in chickpea plants was explored. chickpea plants grown in arsenate s ...201728153415
yeatsam analysis of the walnut and chickpea transcriptome reveals key genes undetected by current annotation tools.background: the transcriptome, a treasure trove of gene space information, remains severely under-used by current genome annotation methods.  methods: here, we present an annotation method in the yeats suite (yeatsam), based on information encoded by the transcriptome, that demonstrates artifacts of the assembler, which must be addressed to achieve proper annotation.  results and discussion: yeatsam was applied to the transcriptome obtained from twenty walnut tissues and compared to maker-p anno ...201628105312
reconstruction of a composite comparative map composed of ten legume genomes.the fabaceae (legume family) is the third largest and the second of agricultural importance among flowering plant groups. in this study, we report the reconstruction of a composite comparative map composed of ten legume genomes, including seven species from the galegoid clade (medicago truncatula, medicago sativa, lens culinaris, pisum sativum, lotus japonicus, cicer arietinum, vicia faba) and three species from the phaseoloid clade (vigna radiata, phaseolus vulgaris, glycine max). to accomplish ...201728090266
characterization of cyclitol glycosides by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.several cyclitol glycosides have been characterised as trimethylsilyl derivatives by their gas chromatographic (gc) retention data (linear retention indices) and electron impact mass spectrometric (ms) profiles. both gc-ms results have been related to cyclitol glycosides structural features. abundance ratios of characteristic m/z ions 133/129 and 260/265 have been proposed to distinguish glycosyl-inositols from glycosyl-methyl-inositols. these ratios in combination with the presence or absence o ...201728073452
recent breeding programs enhanced genetic diversity in both desi and kabuli varieties of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).in order to understand the impact of breeding on genetic diversity and gain insights into temporal trends in diversity in chickpea, a set of 100 chickpea varieties released in 14 countries between 1948 and 2012 were re-sequenced. for analysis, the re-sequencing data for 29 varieties available from an earlier study was also included. copy number variations and presence absence variations identified in the present study have potential to drive phenotypic variations for trait improvement. re-sequen ...201627982107
genome-wide analysis of the aquaporin gene family in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).aquaporins (aqps) are essential membrane proteins that play critical role in the transport of water and many other solutes across cell membranes. in this study, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis identified 40 aqp genes in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). a complete overview of the chickpea aqp (caaqp) gene family is presented, including their chromosomal locations, gene structure, phylogeny, gene duplication, conserved functional motifs, gene expression, and conserved promoter motifs. to unders ...201627965700
cdna-aflp analysis of transcripts induced in chickpea plants by tio2 nanoparticles during cold stress.we evaluated the effect of tio2 nanoparticles (nps) on cold tolerance (ct) development in two chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) genotypes (sel96th11439, cold tolerant, and ilc533, cold susceptible) by using cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) technique during the first and sixth days of cold stress (cs) at 4 °c. selective amplification by primer combinations generated 4200 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) while 100 of them (2.62%) were differentially expressed. during cs, 60 d ...201727907856
mining the cicer arietinum genome for the mildew locus o (mlo) gene family and comparative evolutionary analysis of the mlo genes from medicago truncatula and some other plant species.the mildew locus o (mlo) gene family is ubiquitous in land plants. some members of this gene family are involved in negative regulation of powdery mildew resistance, while others are involved in several other biological functions. mlo proteins have characteristic seven transmembrane domains and a calmodulin-binding domain at their c-termini, and are associated with plasma membrane. the mlo gene family has been studied in several economically important cereals, but little information is available ...201727900493
rapid multi-residue analysis of pesticides in pulses by lc-ms/ms.rapid multi-residue analysis of pesticides in pulses was developed using lc-ms/ms. pesticide residues in 5 g of homogenized pulses were extracted with 30 ml of acetonitrile and salted out with 4 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 2 g of sodium chloride in the presence of citrate buffer in a disposable tube. the resulting residues were extracted with 30 ml of acetonitrile, and co-extractives were removed on a handmade four-layer column, consisting of a layer of z-sep/c18 (20 mg/50 mg) dry parti ...201627784865
colloidal nanomolybdenum influence upon the antioxidative reaction of chickpea plants (cicer arietinum l.).the use of colloidal solutions of metals as micronutrients enhances plant resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions and ensures high yields of food crops. the purpose of the study was a comparative evaluation of presowing treatment with nanomolybdenum and microbiological preparation impact upon the development of adaptive responses in chickpea plants. oxidative processes did not develop in all variants of the experiment but in variants treated with microbial preparation, and joint actio ...201627783378
health risks and benefits of chickpea (cicer arietinum) consumption.chickpeas (cps) are one of the most commonly consumed legumes, especially in the mediterranean area as well as in the western world. being one of the most nutritional elements of the human diet, cp toxicity and allergy have raised health concerns. cps may contain various antinutritional compounds, including protease inhibitors, phytic acid, lectins, oligosaccharides, and some phenolic compounds that may impair the utilization of the nutrients by people. also, high consumption rates of cps have e ...201727779388
hepatoprotective effect and chemical assessment of a selected egyptian chickpea cultivar.chickpea (cicer arietinum) is a legume of the family fabaceae, subfamily faboideae. in egypt, chickpea seeds are usually consumed at raw green and tender stage, or in the form of mature dry seeds. in our previous study, 'giza 1' seeds exhibited stronger antioxidant activity and higher total phenol content than those from other egyptian cultivars. in order to assess the biological potential of 'giza 1' seeds in vivo, the extraction procedure was reproduced here. the extract was standardized using ...201627733831
differentially expressed galactinol synthase(s) in chickpea are implicated in seed vigor and longevity by limiting the age induced ros accumulation.galactinol synthase (gols) catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of raffinose family oligosaccharide (rfo) biosynthetic pathway, which is a highly specialized metabolic event in plants. increased accumulation of galactinol and rfos in seeds have been reported in few plant species, however their precise role in seed vigor and longevity remain elusive. in present study, we have shown that galactinol synthase activity as well as galactinol and raffinose content progressively increase as seed d ...201627725707
exploring drought stress-regulated genes in senna (cassia angustifolia vahl.): a transcriptomic approach.de novo assembly of reads produced by next-generation sequencing (ngs) technologies offers a rapid approach to obtain expressed gene sequences for non-model organisms. senna (cassia angustifolia vahl.) is a drought-tolerant annual undershrub of caesalpiniaceae, a subfamily of fabaceae. there are insufficient transcriptomic and genomic data in public databases for understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the drought tolerance of senna. therefore, the main purpose of this study was to know ...201727709374
shoot traits and their relevance in terminal drought tolerance of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).chickpea is the second most important legume crop largely grown under semi-arid tropics where terminal drought is one of the major constraints for its productivity. a trait-based selection had been considered more beneficial in drought tolerance breeding to overcome the environmental influence on drought yields. large number of traits had been suggested in literature, with less indication on their importance and priority, for use in such breeding programs resulting in poor utilization of critica ...201627698531
cicertransdb 1.0: a resource for expression and functional study of chickpea transcription factors.transcription factor (tf) databases are major resource for systematic studies of tfs in specific species as well as related family members. even though there are several publicly available multi-species databases, the information on the amount and diversity of tfs within individual species is fragmented, especially for newly sequenced genomes of non-model species of agricultural significance.201627472917
pre-sowing static magnetic field treatment for improving water and radiation use efficiency in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) under soil moisture stress.soil moisture stress during pod filling is a major constraint in production of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), a fundamentally dry land crop. we investigated effect of pre-sowing seed priming with static magnetic field (smf) on alleviation of stress through improvement in radiation and water use efficiencies. experiments were conducted under greenhouse and open field conditions with desi and kabuli genotypes. seeds exposed to smf (strength: 100 mt, exposure: 1 h) led to increase in root volume an ...201627442612
evaluation of ubtan - a traditional indian skin care formulation.'ubtan' is a traditional herbal formulation in the indian system of medicine being used in india and its subcontinent for a long time. several commercial skin care formulations are marketed throughout this region as the name of ubtan. therefore, it is worthwhile to evaluate ubtan in respect of its efficacy as skin care formulation.201627416804
comparison of antioxidant enzyme activities and dna damage in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) genotypes exposed to vanadium.the present study was done to elucidate the effects of vanadium (v) on photosynthetic pigments, membrane damage, antioxidant enzymes, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) integrity in the following chickpea genotypes: c-44 (tolerant) and balkasar (sensitive). changes in these parameters were strikingly dependent on levels of v, at 60 and 120 mg v l(-1) induced dna damage in balkasar only, while photosynthetic pigments and protein were decreased from 15 to 120 mg v l(-1) and membrane was also ...201627411539
time-independent and time-dependent rheological characterization of dispersions with varying contents of chickpea flour and gum arabic employing the multiple loop experiments.the chickpea (cicer arietinum) flour dispersions as the model system with different contents of flour (37% to 43%) and gum arabic (0% to 5%) were subjected to multiple loop experiments for simultaneous determination of the time-independent and time-dependent rheological characteristics. the herschel-bulkley model was suitable (0.993 ≤ r ≤ 0.999) to relate the time-independent characteristics linking shear stress and shear rate data for the individual upward and downward curves. the yield stress, ...201627331658
qtl mapping of early flowering and resistance to ascochyta blight in chickpea.in western canada, chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) production is challenged by short growing seasons and infestations with ascochyta blight. research was conducted to determine the genetic basis of the association between flowering time and reaction to ascochyta blight in chickpea. ninety-two chickpea recombinant inbred lines (rils) developed from a cross between iccv 96029 and cdc frontier were evaluated for flowering responses and ascochyta blight reactions in growth chambers and fields at multi ...201627244453
purification, characterization and allergenicity assessment of 26kda protein, a major allergen from cicer arietinum.chickpea (cp), a legume of the family fabaceae, is an important nutrient-rich food providing protein, essential amino acids, vitamins, dietary fibre, and minerals. unfortunately, several ige-binding proteins in cp have been detected that are responsible for allergic manifestations in sensitized population. therefore, the prevalence of cp induced allergy prompted us towards purification, characterization and allergenicity assessment of a major ∼26kda protein from chickpea crude protein extract (c ...201627200483
calcium and potassium supplementation enhanced growth, osmolyte secondary metabolite production, and enzymatic antioxidant machinery in cadmium-exposed chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).this work examined the role of exogenously applied calcium (ca; 50 mm) and potassium (k; 10 mm) (alone and in combination) in alleviating the negative effects of cadmium (cd; 200 μm) on growth, biochemical attributes, secondary metabolites and yield of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). cd stress significantly decreased the length and weight (fresh and dry) of shoot and root and yield attributes in terms of number of pods and seed yield (vs. control). exhibition of decreases in chlorophyll (chl) a, ...201627200003
multiple post-domestication origins of kabuli chickpea through allelic variation in a diversification-associated transcription factor.chickpea (cicer arietinum) is among the founder crops domesticated in the fertile crescent. one of two major forms of chickpea, the so-called kabuli type, has white flowers and light-colored seed coats, properties not known to exist in the wild progenitor. the origin of the kabuli form has been enigmatic. we genotyped a collection of wild and cultivated chickpea genotypes with 538 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and examined patterns of molecular diversity relative to geographical sources ...201627193699
identification of pharmaceutical excipient behavior of chickpea (cicer arietinum) starch in gliclazide immediate release tablets.in the past few years, there are number of researchers carrying out their research on the excipients derived from polysaccharides and some of these researches show that natural excipients are comparable and can serve as an alternative to the synthetic excipients. hence, the objectives of this research are to characterize the naturally sourced chickpea starch powder and to study the pharmaceutical excipient behavior of chickpea starch in gliclazide immediate release (ir) tablets. in this research ...201627180440
box-behnken design for extraction optimization, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of cicer arietinum l. hull polysaccharides.the optimal extraction conditions with a yield of 5.37±0.15% for extraction of polysaccharides from chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) hull (chps) were determined as extraction temperature 99°c, extraction time 2.8h and ratio of water to raw material 24ml/g. three fractions of chps-1, chps-2 and chps-3, with average molecular weight of 3.1×10(6), 1.5×10(6) and 7.8×10(5)da, respectively, were obtained from crude chps by chromatography of deae fast flow and sephadex g-100. chps-1 was composed of mannos ...201627178941
garbanzo-icchen-cowardly-pox. 201627168209
determination of photoperiod-sensitive phase in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).photoperiod is one of the major environmental factors determining time to flower initiation and first flower appearance in plants. in chickpea, photoperiod sensitivity, expressed as delayed to flower under short days (sd) as compared to long days (ld), may change with the growth stage of the crop. photoperiod-sensitive and -insensitive phases were identified by experiments in which individual plants were reciprocally transferred in a time series from ld to sd and vice versa in growth chambers. e ...201627148306
vegetative and reproductive growth of salt-stressed chickpea are carbon-limited: sucrose infusion at the reproductive stage improves salt tolerance.reproductive processes of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) are particularly sensitive to salinity. we tested whether limited photoassimilate availability contributes to reproductive failure in salt-stressed chickpea. rupali, a salt-sensitive genotype, was grown in aerated nutrient solution, either with non-saline (control) or 30mm nacl treatment. at flowering, stems were either infused with sucrose solution (0.44m), water only or maintained without any infusion, for 75 d. the sucrose and water infu ...201627140441
salt sensitivity in chickpea is determined by sodium toxicity.salt sensitivity in chickpea is determined by na(+) toxicity, whereas relatively high leaf tissue concentrations of cl(-) were tolerated, and the osmotic component of 60-mm nacl was not detrimental. chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is sensitive to salinity. this study dissected the responses of chickpea to osmotic and ionic components (na(+) and/or cl(-)) of salt stress. two genotypes with contrasting salt tolerances were exposed to osmotic treatments (-0.16 and -0.29 mpa), na(+)-salts, cl(-)-salts ...201627114264
gel-based and gel-free search for plasma membrane proteins in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) augments the comprehensive data sets of membrane protein repertoire.plasma membrane (pm) encompasses total cellular contents, serving as semi-porous barrier to cell exterior. this living barrier regulates all cellular exchanges in a spatio-temporal fashion. most of the essential tasks of pms including molecular transport, cell-cell interaction and signal transduction are carried out by their proteinaceous components, which make the pm protein repertoire to be diverse and dynamic. here, we report the systematic analysis of pm proteome of a food legume, chickpea a ...201627109347
improved phytophthora resistance in commercial chickpea (cicer arietinum) varieties negatively impacts symbiotic gene signalling and symbiotic potential in some varieties.breeding disease-resistant varieties is one of the most effective and economical means to combat soilborne diseases in pulse crops. commonalities between pathogenic and mutualistic microbe colonization strategies, however, raises the concern that reduced susceptibility to pathogens may simultaneously reduce colonization by beneficial microbes. we investigate here the degree of overlap in the transcriptional response of the phytophthora medicaginis susceptible chickpea variety 'sonali' to the ear ...201627103212
rhizosphere priming effect on soil organic carbon decomposition under plant species differing in soil acidification and root exudation.effects of rhizosphere properties on the rhizosphere priming effect (rpe) are unknown. this study aimed to link species variation in rpe with plant traits and rhizosphere properties. four c3 species (chickpea, cicer arietinum; field pea, pisum sativum; wheat, triticum aestivum; and white lupin, lupinus albus) differing in soil acidification and root exudation, were grown in a c4 soil. the co2 released from soil was trapped using a newly developed naoh-trapping system. white lupin and wheat showe ...201627101777
response of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) to terminal drought: leaf stomatal conductance, pod abscisic acid concentration, and seed set.flower and pod production and seed set of chickpea (cicer arietinuml.) are sensitive to drought stress. a 2-fold range in seed yield was found among a large number of chickpea genotypes grown at three dryland field sites in south-western australia. leaf water potential, photosynthetic characteristics, and reproductive development of two chickpea genotypes with contrasting yields in the field were compared when subjected to terminal drought in 106kg containers of soil in a glasshouse. the termina ...201627099375
draft genome sequencing and secretome analysis of fungal phytopathogen ascochyta rabiei provides insight into the necrotrophic effector repertoire.constant evolutionary pressure acting on pathogens refines their molecular strategies to attain successful pathogenesis. recent studies have shown that pathogenicity mechanisms of necrotrophic fungi are far more intricate than earlier evaluated. however, only a few studies have explored necrotrophic fungal pathogens. ascochyta rabiei is a necrotrophic fungus that causes devastating blight disease of chickpea (cicer arietinum). here, we report a 34.6 megabase draft genome assembly of a. rabiei. t ...201627091329
removal of 4-nitrophenol from water using ag-n-p-tridoped tio2 by photocatalytic oxidation technique.photocatalytic oxidation using semiconductor nanoparticles is an efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective process for the removal of organic pollutants, such as dyes, pesticides, phenols, and their derivatives in water. in the present study, nanosize ag-n-p-tridoped titanium(iv) oxide (tio2) was prepared by using sol-gel-synthesized ag-doped tio2 and soybean (glycine max) or chickpea (cicer arietinum) seeds as nonmetallic bioprecursors. as-synthesized photocatalysts were characterized using x ...201627081309
nitric oxide mitigates salt stress by regulating levels of osmolytes and antioxidant enzymes in chickpea.this work was designed to evaluate whether external application of nitric oxide (no) in the form of its donor s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine (snap) could mitigate the deleterious effects of nacl stress on chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) plants. snap (50 μm) was applied to chickpea plants grown under non-saline and saline conditions (50 and 100 mm nacl). salt stress inhibited growth and biomass yield, leaf relative water content (lrwc) and chlorophyll content of chickpea plants. high salinity incr ...201627066020
jalal a. aliyev (1928-2016): a great scientist, a great teacher and a great human being.jalal a. aliyev was a distinguished and respected plant biologist of our time, a great teacher, and great human being. he was a pioneer of photosynthesis research in azerbaijan. almost up to the end of his life, he was deeply engaged in research. his work on the productivity of wheat, and biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology of gram (chick pea) are some of his important legacies. he left us on february 1, 2016, but many around the world remember him as he was engaged in international dia ...201627000095
sensory and physicochemical studies of thermally micronized chickpea (cicer arietinum) and green lentil (lens culinaris) flours as binders in low-fat beef burgers.pulses are known to be nutritious foods but are susceptible to oxidation due to the reaction of lipoxygenase (lox) with linolenic and linoleic acids which can lead to off flavors caused by the formation of volatile organic compounds (vocs). infrared micronization at 130 and 150 °c was investigated as a heat treatment to determine its effect on lox activity and vocs of chickpea and green lentil flour. the pulse flours were added to low-fat beef burgers at 6% and measured for consumer acceptabilit ...201626990186
galactinol synthase enzyme activity influences raffinose family oligosaccharides (rfo) accumulation in developing chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) seeds.to understand raffinose family oligosaccharides (rfo) metabolism in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) seeds, rfo accumulation and corresponding biosynthetic enzymes activities were determined during seed development of chickpea genotypes with contrasting rfo concentrations. rfo concentration in mature seeds was found as a facilitator rather than a regulating step of seed germination. in mature seeds, raffinose concentrations ranged from 0.38 to 0.68 and 0.75 to 0.99 g/100 g, whereas stachyose concen ...201626953100
ascochyta blight: isolation, characterization, and development of a rapid method to detect inhibitors of the chickpea fungal pathogen ascochyta rabiei.ascochyta blight is the major disease attacking chickpea (cicer arietinum) around the world. since its first time report of isolation in argentina in 2012, the pathogen has caused severe economic losses and has acquired a great importance. we report here the isolation of ascochyta rabiei from infected chickpea beans cultivated in santa fe, argentina; its identification by morphological analysis and molecular biology techniques based on internal transcribed spacer (its) sequence alignment, its bi ...201626895871
erratum to: cloning and characterization of a novel nac family gene carnac1 from chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). 201626867591
two complete genome sequences of phasey bean mild yellows virus, a novel member of the luteoviridae from australia.we present here the complete genome sequences of a novel polerovirus from trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover) and cicer arietinum (chickpea) and compare these to a partial viral genome sequence obtained from macroptilium lathyroides (phasey bean). we propose the name phasey bean mild yellows virus for this novel polerovirus.201626847905
an evaluation of edta additions for improving the phytoremediation efficiency of different plants under various cultivation systems.previous studies have shown that phytoremediation usually requires soil amendments, such as chelates, to mobilize low bioavailability heavy metals for better plant absorption and, consequently, for remediation efficiency. a total dry biomass of 3.39 and 0.0138 kg per plant was produced by a phytoremediator, eucalyptus globulus, and a nitrogen fixing crop, cicer arietinum (chickpea), respectively. the accumulation of pb in e. globulus and chickpea reached 1170.61 and 1.33 mg per plant (700 and 32 ...201626846211
whole genome re-sequencing reveals genome-wide variations among parental lines of 16 mapping populations in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is the second most important grain legume cultivated by resource poor farmers in south asia and sub-saharan africa. in order to harness the untapped genetic potential available for chickpea improvement, we re-sequenced 35 chickpea genotypes representing parental lines of 16 mapping populations segregating for abiotic (drought, heat, salinity), biotic stresses (fusarium wilt, ascochyta blight, botrytis grey mould, helicoverpa armigera) and nutritionally important (pr ...201626822060
characterising root trait variability in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) germplasm.chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is an important grain legume crop but its sustainable production is challenged by predicted climate changes, which are likely to increase production limitations and uncertainty in yields. characterising the variability in root architectural traits in a core collection of chickpea germplasm will provide the basis for breeding new germplasm with suitable root traits for the efficient acquisition of soil resources and adaptation to drought and other abiotic stresses. t ...201628338728
terminal bacteroid differentiation is associated with variable morphological changes in legume species belonging to the inverted repeat-lacking clade.medicago and closely related legume species from the inverted repeat-lacking clade (irlc) impose terminal differentiation onto their bacterial endosymbionts, manifested in genome endoreduplication, cell enlargement, and loss of cell-division capacity. nodule-specific cysteine-rich (ncr) secreted host peptides are plant effectors of this process. as bacteroids in other irlc legumes, such as cicer arietinum and glycyrrhiza lepidota, were reported not to display features of terminal differentiation ...201626713350
development of molecular map and identification of qtls linked to fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea.a number of genetic maps for fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea have been reported in earlier studies, however qtls identified for fusarium wilt resistance were unstable. hence, the present study aims to map novel molecular markers and to identify qtls for fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea. an intraspecific linkage map of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) was constructed using f10-f11 recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross between k850 and wr315 segregating for h2 locus. a set of ...201526690528
carnac4, a nac-type chickpea transcription factor conferring enhanced drought and salt stress tolerances in arabidopsis.carnac4 is a typical stress-responsive nac transcription factor and enhances drought and salt stress tolerances in transgenic arabidopsis. chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is relatively vulnerable to abiotic stress conditions, but the tolerance mechanisms for such stresses in chickpea are largely unknown. to identify stress-related factors in chickpea, we previously constructed a cdna library of chickpea leaves exposed to drought stress conditions. a cdna encoding a putative nac transcription facto ...201626650836
high-density linkage map construction and mapping of seed trait qtls in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) using genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs).this study reports the use of genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) for large-scale snp discovery and simultaneous genotyping of recombinant inbred lines (rils) of an intra-specific mapping population of chickpea contrasting for seed traits. a total of 119,672 raw snps were discovered, which after stringent filtering revealed 3,977 high quality snps of which 39.5% were present in genic regions. comparative analysis using physically mapped marker loci revealed a higher degree of synteny with medicago in ...201526631981
rapid activation of catalase followed by citrate efflux effectively improves aluminum tolerance in the roots of chick pea (cicer arietinum).the present study demonstrates the comparative response of two contrasting genotypes (aluminum (al) tolerant and al sensitive) of chick pea (cicer arietinum) against al stress. the al-tolerant genotype (rsg 974) showed lesser inhibition of root growth as well as lower oxidative damages, measured in terms of the accumulation of h2o2 and lipid peroxidation compared to the al-sensitive genotype (rsg 945). the accumulation of al by roots of both genotypes was almost equal at 96 and 144 h after al tr ...201626615604
molecular and functional diversity of pgpr fluorescent pseudomonads based on 16s rdna-rflp and rapd markers.the genetic and functional diversity of plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (pgpr) fluorescent pseudomonads associated with chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) rhizosphere was analyzed. in total, 34 isolates along with two reference isolates were screened for various plant growth promoting traits (phosphorous solubilization, acc deaminase, hcn, iaa and siderophore productions) and antagonist activity against four fungal phytopathogens and three bacterial pathogens. most of the isolates, that showed ...201526521562
correction: genome wide identification of lim genes in cicer arietinum and response of ca-2lims in development, hormone and pathogenic stress. 201526505628
ecological risk assessment of edta-assisted phytoremediation of cd under different cultivation systems.a long-term field experiment was designed to assess remediation efficiency and ecological risk of phytoremediation of cd under different cultivation systems with or without ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (edta). edta can significantly improve the phytoremediation effectiveness of a historically polluted e-waste dismantling site through enhancing cd uptake by plants in all cultivation systems along with higher ecological risks to different receptors especially in the presence of cicer arietinu ...201626499324
prioritization of candidate genes in "qtl-hotspot" region for drought tolerance in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).a combination of two approaches, namely qtl analysis and gene enrichment analysis were used to identify candidate genes in the "qtl-hotspot" region for drought tolerance present on the ca4 pseudomolecule in chickpea. in the first approach, a high-density bin map was developed using 53,223 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) identified in the recombinant inbred line (ril) population of icc 4958 (drought tolerant) and icc 1882 (drought sensitive) cross. qtl analysis using recombination bins as ...201526478518
interactive effects of silicon and arbuscular mycorrhiza in modulating ascorbate-glutathione cycle and antioxidant scavenging capacity in differentially salt-tolerant cicer arietinum l. genotypes subjected to long-term salinity.salinity is the major environmental constraint that affects legume productivity by inducing oxidative stress. individually, both silicon (si) nutrition and mycorrhization have been reported to alleviate salt stress. however, the mechanisms adopted by both in mediating stress responses are poorly understood. thus, pot trials were undertaken to evaluate comparative as well as interactive effects of si and/or arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) in alleviating nacl toxicity in modulating oxidative stress and ...201626468060
genetic relationship in cicer sp. expose evidence for geneflow between the cultigen and its wild progenitor.there is a debate concerning mono- or poly-phyletic origins of the near eastern crops. in parallel, some authors claim that domestication was not possible within the natural range of the wild progenitors due to wild alleles flow into the nascent crops. here we address both, the mono- or poly-phyletic origins and the domestications within or without the natural range of the progenitor, debates in order to understand the relationship between domesticated chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) and its wild ...201526447951
development of gene-based markers for use in construction of the chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) genetic linkage map and identification of qtls associated with seed weight and plant height.seed weight and plant height are important agronomic traits and contribute to seed yield. the objective of this study was to identify qtls underlying these traits using an intra-specific mapping population of chickpea. a f11 population of 177 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between sbd377 (100-seed weight--48 g and plant height--53 cm) and bgd112 (100-seed weight--15 g and plant height--65 cm) was used. a total of 367 novel est-derived functional markers were developed which includ ...201526446030
transmembrane start domain proteins: in silico identification, characterization and expression analysis under stress conditions in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).steroidogenic acute regulatory related transfer (start) proteins that are involved in transport of lipid molecules, play a myriad of functions in insects, mammals and plants. these proteins consist of a modular start domain of approximately 200 amino acids which binds and transfers the lipids. in the present study we have performed a genome-wide search for all start domain proteins in chickpea. the search identified 36 chickpea genes belonging to the start domain family. through a phylogenetic t ...201626445326
assessment of antioxidant enzyme activity and mineral nutrients in response to nacl stress and its amelioration through glutathione in chickpea.salinity stress has been reckoned as one of the major threat towards crop productivity as it causes significant decline in the yield. the impact of nacl stress (0, 1, 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg l(-1)) as well as glutathione (10 mg l(-1)) either alone or in combination has been evaluated on the induction of multiple shoots, antioxidant enzymes' activity, lipid peroxidation, relative permeability, concentration of nutrients, photosynthetic pigments, protein and proline content of nodal segments of chi ...201626440314
cell surface interaction of annexin a2 and galectin-3 modulates epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in her-2 negative breast cancer cells.overexpression and activation of tyrosine kinase receptors like egfr and src regulate the progression and metastasis of her-2 negative breast cancer. recently we have reported the role of cell membrane interaction of phospholipid-binding protein annexin a2 (anxa2) and egfr in regulating cellular signaling in the activation of angiogenesis, matrix degradation, invasion, and cancer metastasis. beta-galactoside-specific animal lectin galectin-3 is an apoptosis inhibitor, and cell surface-associated ...201626438086
genome wide identification of lim genes in cicer arietinum and response of ca-2lims in development, hormone and pathogenic stress.the eukaryotic lineage-specific lim protein (lin11, isl1, and mec3) family play pivotal role in modulation of actin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. the systematic investigation of this family has not been carried in detail and rare in legumes. current study involves the mining of cicer arietinum genome for the genes coding for lim domain proteins and displayed significant homology with lim genes of other species. the analysis led to the identification of 15 members, which were positione ...201526418014
antioxidant potential of aqueous extract of some food grain powder in meat model system.in-vitro antioxidant activity of some food grains [sprouted mung bean (vigna radiata), mung bean, sprouted chana (cicer arietinum), chana, corn (zea mays), methi (trigonella foenum-graecum) and rajma (phaseolus vulgaris)] powder extracts (fge) was estimated by dpph free radical scavenging activity (sa) method. total phenolics and reducing power were also estimated in these extracts. the antioxidant potential of these extracts was also estimated in a meat model system. total phenolics in fge rang ...201426396344
genome-wide insertion-deletion (indel) marker discovery and genotyping for genomics-assisted breeding applications in chickpea.we developed 21,499 genome-wide insertion-deletion (indel) markers (2- to 54-bp in silico fragment length polymorphism) by comparing the genomic sequences of four (desi, kabuli and wild c. reticulatum) chickpea [cicer arietinum (l.)] accessions. indel markers showing 2- to 6-bp fragment length polymorphism among accessions were abundant (76.8%) in the chickpea genome. the physically mapped 7,643 and 13,856 markers on eight chromosomes and unanchored scaffolds, respectively, were structurally and ...201526385353
purification of free arginine from chickpea (cicer arietinum) seeds.chickpea is a grain legume widely consumed in the mediterranean region and other parts of the world. chickpea seeds are rich in proteins but they also contain a substantial amount of free amino acids, especially arginine. hence chickpea may represent a useful source of free amino acids for nutritional or pharmaceutical purposes. arginine is receiving great attention in recent years because it is the substrate for the synthesis of nitric oxide, an important signaling molecule involved in numerous ...201626304327
an advanced draft genome assembly of a desi type chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is an important pulse legume crop. we previously reported a draft genome assembly of the desi chickpea cultivar icc 4958. here we report an advanced version of the icc 4958 genome assembly (version 2.0) generated using additional sequence data and an improved genetic map. this resulted in 2.7-fold increase in the length of the pseudomolecules and substantial reduction of sequence gaps. the genome assembly covered more than 94% of the estimated gene space and predict ...201526259924
crystal structure of mg(2+) containing hemopexin-fold protein from kabuli chana (chickpea-white, cw-25) at 2.45 å resolution reveals its metal ion transport property.plant seeds contain a number of proteins which play important roles in the protection and the process of germination of seeds. we have isolated and purified a 25 kda protein from kabuli chana (cicer arietinum l., chickpea-white, cw-25). the cw-25 protein was crystallized using 0.5 m magnesium acetate, 0.1 m sodium cacodylate and 20 % (w/v) polyethylene glycol 8000, ph 6.5. the crystals of cw-25 belonged to space group p3 with unit cell dimensions, a = b = 80.5 å, and c = 69.2 å. the structure of ...201526242869
quantitative profiling of polar primary metabolites of two chickpea cultivars with contrasting responses to salinity.this study reports a gc-qqq-ms method for the quantification of forty-eight primary metabolites from four major classes (sugars, sugar acids, sugar phosphates, and organic acids) which can be applied to a number of biological systems. the method was validated in terms of linearity, reproducibility and recovery, using both calibration standards and real samples. additionally, twenty-eight biogenic amines and amino acids were quantified using an established lc-qqq-ms method. both gc-qqq-ms and lc- ...201526204234
marker-trait association study for protein content in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is the second most important cool season food legume cultivated in arid and semiarid regions of the world. the objective of the present study was to study variation for protein content in chickpea germplasm, and to find markers associated with it. a set of 187 genotypes comprising both international and exotic collections, and representing both desi and kabuli types with protein content ranging from 13.25% to 26.77% was used. twenty-three ssr markers representing al ...201526174675
effect of acetyl esterification on physicochemical properties of chick pea (cicer arietinum l.) starch.acetyl esterification of isolated bengal gram starch was carried out using acetic anhydride as reactant. modification of native starch at variant concentrations of acetic anhydride (6, 8 and 10 %, w/w) resulted in modified starch with 2.14, 3.35, 4.47% acetyl content and 0.082, 0.130 and 0.176° of substitution (ds) respectively. the acetyl esterification of native starch brought significant changes in physicochemical properties with respect to pasting behavior, granule morphology, thermal proper ...201526139882
possible antiosteoporotic mechanism of cicer arietinum extract in ovariectomized rats.the present study aimed to throw the light on the anti-osteoprotic mechanism of cicer arietinum extract (cae) seeds against ovariectomized (ovx) rats.201526097532
salt sensitivity in chickpea: growth, photosynthesis, seed yield components and tissue ion regulation in contrasting genotypes.chickpea is a relatively salt sensitive species but shows genotypic variation for salt tolerance, measured as grain yield per plant in mild-to-moderately saline soil. this experiment was designed to evaluate some physiological responses to salinity in three contrasting genotypes. one tolerant (genesis836), one moderately tolerant (jg11) and one sensitive (rupali) genotype were grown for 108d in non-saline nutrient solution (controls) and two levels of salinity treatment (30 and 60mm nacl). no pl ...201526037693
no evidence for fabaceae gametophytic self-incompatibility being determined by rosaceae, solanaceae, and plantaginaceae s-rnase lineage genes.fabaceae species are important in agronomy and livestock nourishment. they have a long breeding history, and most cultivars have lost self-incompatibility (si), a genetic barrier to self-fertilization. nevertheless, to improve legume crop breeding, crosses with wild si relatives of the cultivated varieties are often performed. therefore, it is fundamental to characterize fabaceae si system(s). we address the hypothesis of fabaceae gametophytic (g)si being rnase based, by recruiting the same s-rn ...201526032621
two key genomic regions harbour qtls for salinity tolerance in iccv 2 × jg 11 derived chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) recombinant inbred lines.although chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), an important food legume crop, is sensitive to salinity, considerable variation for salinity tolerance exists in the germplasm. to improve any existing cultivar, it is important to understand the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying this tolerance.201525994494
potential impact of rising atmospheric co2 on quality of grains in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).experiments were conducted in open-top chambers to assess the effect of atmospheric co2 enrichment (e-co2) on the quality of grains in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) crop. physical attributes of the grains was not affected, but the hydration and swelling capacities of the flour increased. increase in carbohydrates and reduction in protein made the grains more carbonaceous (higher c:n) under e-co2. among other mineral nutrients, k, ca and zn concentrations decreased, while p, mg, cu, fe, mn and b ...201525977047
development and integration of genome-wide polymorphic microsatellite markers onto a reference linkage map for constructing a high-density genetic map of chickpea.the identification of informative in silico polymorphic genomic and genic microsatellite markers by comparing the genome and transcriptome sequences of crop genotypes is a rapid, cost-effective and non-laborious approach for large-scale marker validation and genotyping applications, including construction of high-density genetic maps. we designed 1494 markers, including 1016 genomic and 478 transcript-derived microsatellite markers showing in-silico fragment length polymorphism between two paren ...201525974327
increased rate of drying reduces metabolic inequity and critical water content in radicles of cicer arietinum l.orthodox seed serves as easily accessible model to study desiccation-sensitivity in plant tissues because once they undergo germination, they become sensitive to desiccation imposed injuries. in the proposed study, effects of rate of drying on the viability, electrolyte leakage, superoxide accumulation, lipid-protein oxidation and antioxidant enzymes were explored in excised radicles of cicer arietinum l. under dehydration and wet storage. for both the drying conditions, desiccation could be exp ...201525931777
high throughput sequencing of small rna component of leaves and inflorescence revealed conserved and novel mirnas as well as phasirna loci in chickpea.among legumes, chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is the second most important crop after soybean. micrornas (mirnas) play important roles by regulating target gene expression important for plant development and tolerance to stress conditions. additionally, recently discovered phased sirnas (phasirnas), a new class of small rnas, are abundantly produced in legumes. nevertheless, little is known about these regulatory molecules in chickpea. the small rna population was sequenced from leaves and flower ...201525900565
repeat length variation in the 5'utr of myo-inositol monophosphatase gene is related to phytic acid content and contributes to drought tolerance in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).myo-inositol metabolism plays a significant role in plant growth and development, and is also used as a precursor for many important metabolites, such as ascorbate, pinitol, and phytate. phytate (inositol hexakisphosphate) is the major storage pool for phosphate in the seeds. it is utilized during seed germination and growth of the developing embryo. in addition, it is implicated in protection against oxidative stress. in the present study, a panel of chickpea accessions was used for an associat ...201525888598
identification of an scar marker related to female phenotype in idesia polycarpa maxim.idesia polycarpa maxim. is a dioecious species. because of the lack of morphological and cytological methods available for identifying its sex during the long juvenile stage, the application of molecular markers in sex identification may facilitate sex determination in the seedling stage. the objective of this study was to use sequence-related amplified polymorphism to identify sex-linked markers in i. polycarpa and convert these markers into sequence-characterized amplified region markers, whic ...201525867347
calcium binding properties of calcium dependent protein kinase 1 (cacdpk1) from cicer arietinum.calcium plays a crucial role as a secondary messenger in all aspects of plant growth, development and survival. calcium dependent protein kinases (cdpks) are the major calcium decoders, which couple the changes in calcium level to an appropriate physiological response. the mechanism by which calcium regulates cdpk protein is not well understood. in this study, we investigated the interactions of ca(2+) ions with the cdpk1 isoform of cicer arietinum (cacdpk1) using a combination of biophysical to ...201525855000
investigation of genes encoding calcineurin b-like protein family in legumes and their expression analyses in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).calcium ion (ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that transmits various internal and external signals including stresses and, therefore, is important for plants' response process. calcineurin b-like proteins (cbls) are one of the plant calcium sensors, which sense and convey the changes in cytosolic ca2+-concentration for response process. a search in four leguminous plant (soybean, medicago truncatula, common bean and chickpea) genomes identified 9 to 15 genes in each species that encode cbl ...201525853855
trichoderma inoculation augments grain amino acids and mineral nutrients by modulating arsenic speciation and accumulation in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).trichoderma reesei is an industrially important fungi which also imparts stress tolerance and plant growth promotion in various crops. arsenic (as) contamination of field soils is one of the challenging problems in agriculture, posing potential threats for both human health and the environment. plants in association with microbes are a liable method to improve metal tolerance and enhance crop productivity. chickpea (cicer arietinum l.), is an important grain legume providing cheap source of prot ...201525839184
analysis of acetohydroxyacid synthase1 gene in chickpea conferring resistance to imazamox herbicide.chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) production in the canadian prairies is challenging due to a lack of effective weed management mainly because of poor competition ability of the crop and limited registered herbicide options. chickpea genotype with resistance to imidazolinone (imi) herbicides has been identified. a point mutation in the acetohydroxyacid synthase1 (ahas1) gene at c581 to t581, resulting in an amino acid substitution from ala194 to val194 (position 205, standardized to arabidopsis), co ...201425830785
dna methylation and physio-biochemical analysis of chickpea in response to cold stress.cold stress (cs) signals are translated into physiological changes as products of direct and/or indirect of gene expression regulated by different factors like dna methylation. in this study, some of these factors were comparatively studied in two chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) genotypes (sel96th11439, cold-tolerant genotype, and ilc533, cold susceptible one) under control (23 °c) and days 1, 3, and 6 after exposing the seedlings to cs (4 °c). under cs, tolerant genotype prevented h2o2 accumulati ...201625820678
a new set of ests from chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) embryo reveals two novel f-box genes, carf-box_pp2 and carf-box_lysm, with potential roles in seed development.considering the economic importance of chickpea (c. arietinum l.) seeds, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying seed development for which a cdna library was constructed from 6 day old chickpea embryos. a total of 8,186 ests were obtained from which 4,048 high quality ests were assembled into 1,480 unigenes that majorly encoded genes involved in various metabolic and regulatory pathways. of these, 95 ests were found to be involved in ubiquitination related protein degradation pa ...201525803812
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