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the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick peas (cicer arietinum l.). purification and properties of the inhibitors.from a crude extract of chick peas (cicer arietinum l.) inhibitors of trypsin and chymotrypsin were isolated by affinity chromatography on a column of trypsin-sepharose 6b. the content of inhibitors was found to be 1.5 g/kg. they were further separated into six isoinhibitors by ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex a-25. two of the isoinhibitors accounted for about 50% of the isolated inhibitors and were further purified to a homogeneous state. the isoinhibitors had a molecular weight of ...19751266
[purification and properties of two beta-glycosidases from cicer arietinum l. with preferential specificity for biochanin a 7-beta-apiosylglucoside (author's transl)].four different beta-glycosidases have been separated from leaves of chick pea plants, cicer arietinum l., by deae-cellulose chromatography. one is specific for isoflavone 7-beta-glucosides and has been described elsewhere. two others showed very similar protein properties and identical catalytic activities. they have been further purified and both appeared as single, homogeneous protein bands after alkaline disc electrophoresis as well as isoelectric focusing. isoelectric points are at ph 4.35 a ...197614068
characterization of beta-glucosidase isoenzymes possibly involved in lignification from chick pea (cicer arietinum l.) cell suspension cultures.crude cell wall preparations from cicer arietinum l. cell suspension cultures show high activity for the hydrolysis of coniferyl alcohol beta-d-glucoside (coniferin). various beta-glucosidase activities could be solubilized from these preparations by 0.5 m nacl treatment and one of these could be shown to possess a high activity for the hydrolysis of coniferin. the enzyme activities were purified to near homogeneity by sephadex g-200 and cm-sephadex chromatography. isoelectric focussing indicate ...197825181
influence of treflan, lindane, and ceresan on different parameters of symbiotic nitrogen fixation and yield in cicer arietinum. 197556828
starch degradation during germination of civer arietinum l. seeds.the variations in starch and soluble sugar content, in phosphorylase and amylase activities in cotyledons of germinating seeds of cicer arietinum l. are determined. results from various experiments prove that the alpha-amylases are chiefly responsible for amylase activity. phosphorylase plays an important rôle during the first two days of germination, but it is relegated to a secondary position as the amylase activity increases. disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel shows the existence of a ...197878513
the effect of bengal gram on acid mucopolysaccharide distribution in egg-yolk induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. 1975129434
hypolipidemic principles of cicer arietinum: biochanin-a and formononetin.two isoflavones, biochanin-a and formononetin isolated from gram cicer arietinum, have been shown to possess hypolipidemic properties for triton wr-1339 induced hyperlipidemia in male albino rats, when administered as a crude extract or as individual compounds.1976177835
[metabolism of nicotinic acid in plant cell suspension cultures, iii: formation and metabolism of trigonelline (author's transl)].cell suspension cultures of phaseolus aureus, glycinemax., cicer arietinum and chenopodium rubrum convert nicotinic acid and nicotinamide into n-methyl nicotinic acid (trigonelline). application of [carboxyl-14c]- and [n-methyl-14c]nicotinic acid to cell cultures demonstrated that 1) the nicotinic acid moiety of trigonelline is funnelled into the pyridine nucleotide cycle, 2) trigonelline is demethylated partly oxidatively, but predominantly non-oxidatively, transferring the methyl carbon atom t ...1976185134
effect of different levels of pulse protein (bengal gram) on some tissue enzymes, serum copper, liver copper, hemoglobin, hematocrit value & excretion of copper in urine & feces. 1979232076
beta-glucosidases from cicer arietinum l. purification and properties of isoflavone-7-o-glucoside-specific beta-glucosidases.beta-glucosidases specific for isoflavone 7-o-glucosides have been isolated from garbanzo plants, cicer arietinum l. these aryl-beta-glucohydrolases occur in the different organs of the plant as multiple molecular forms. the major isoenzymes of the roots, the leaves and the hypocotyl were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. when subjected to isoelectric focussing in polyac rylamide gels the electrophoretically homogeneous glucohydrolases were found to consist of one or two major and several ...1975240725
fiber, intestinal sterols, and colon cancer.it has been postulated that dietary fiber's protective effect against the development of colon cancer, diverticular disease, and atherosclerosis may be due to the adsorption and/or dilution of intestinal sterols such as bile acids and neural sterols and their bacterial metabolites by component(s) of fiber. dietary fiber is made up of four major components-cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin. there is evidence that hemicellulose and pectin may induce an increase in fecal bile acid excret ...1978343568
[aflatoxins produced by aspergillus flavus in soya and other legumes].there is no doubt that our programme of applied nutrition must include soya on account of the high nutritive value of the legume. this underlines research undertaken here regarding the risks of contamination by a. flavus and the subsequent formation of aflatoxins on and in soya beans. we have studied on parallel lines soya beans and other legumes important in the local dietary habits. these legumes are either obtained locally or imported. on every specimen of legume we have tried to confirm, or ...1977418721
isoflavones and hypercholesterolemia in rats.isoflavones isolated from three commonly used pulses such as bengalgram (cicer arietinum), greengram (phaseolus aureus) and blackgram (phaseolus mungo) and p-coumaric acid were supplemented to hypercholesterolemia-inducing diet of rats. among isoflavones, biochanin a and formononetin showed hypolipidemic activity but diadzein did not; p-coumaric acid also produced a significant reduction in serum cholesterol levels.1979459719
digestibility of raw and cooked starches from legume seeds using the laboratory rat.the in vivo digestibility and growth responses to diets containing raw and cooked legume starches were determined using male wistar rats. these starches were obtained from seven legumes including smooth- and wrinkled-seeded field peas, navy beans, kidney beans, garbanzo beans, mung beans and lentils. wheat and potato starch diets were fed for comparative purposes. with the exception of potato and the field pea starches, rats fed uncooked starch diets had higher weight gains than those fed cooked ...1979512695
respiratory activity during germination of seeds of cicer arietinum l. ii. effect of some metabolic inhibitors and mitochondrial activities.changes in respiration rate during the early period of germination of cicer arietinum l. seeds were studied. three phases were distinguished. during phases i and ii the rq was higher than unity. sodium fluoride showed no effect on gaseous exchange during phase i while in phases ii and iii a progressive increase in the inhibition of the respiratory activity was obtained. iodoacetate inhibited oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide evolution from the beginning of germination. the activities of mitochond ...1979542702
a rat bioassay for measuring the comparative availability of carbohydrates and its application to legume foods, pure carbohydrates and polyols.an assay was developed to evaluate the bioavailability of dietary carbohydrate by slope-ratio analysis of weight gain and plasma ketones of rats fed a carbohydrate-free diet supplemented with glucose as a standard and selected food items, pure carbohydrates and polyols. the diet was based on 35% food grade oleic acid, 12% casein protein supplemented with methionine (0.3%) and arginine (0.2%), 7.5% soybean oil, 37% cellulose, minerals and vitamins. glucose, as the reference standard, or test mate ...1979574537
adsorption of bile salts from aqueous solution by plant fibre and cholestyramine.1. adsorption of bile salts by dietary fibre is believed to promote their excretion and hence to reduce the serum cholesterol level in man and experimental animals. 2. we have tested a number of plant fibre fractions and other related materials for their ability to adsorb bile salts from aqueous solution. the "insoluble" plant fractions were from "dry grain" (a residue from brewing), apple, wheat bran, lucerne (medicago sativa), soya beans, mung beans (phaseolus mungo), chick peas (cicer arieti ...1978698168
effect of bengal gram supplementation on glycosaminoglycan fractions in egg-yolk induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. 1978700829
rna polymerase & protein synthesizing activity in developing bengal gram cotyledons. 1978738744
a trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor from chick peas (cicer arietinum).1. a trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor was isolated by extraction of chick-pea meal at ph8.3, followed by (nh4)2so4 precipitation and successive column chromatography on cm-cellulose and calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite). 2. the inhibitor was pure by polyacrylamide-gel and cellulose acetate electrophoresis and by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. 3. the inhibitor had a molecular weight of approx. 10000 as determined by ultracentrifugation and by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in ...1976791269
the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick pears (cicer arietinum l). the relationships among the six isoinhibitors.the six isoinhibitors of trypsin and chymotrypsin which were previously purified from a crude extract of chick peas were further studied with the intention of establishing the relationships among them. exposure of each fraction to active, matrix-bound trypsin resulted in a decrease of the specific inhibitory activities towards trypsin of fractions p-1, p-3 and p-5 while those of p-4 and p-6 were increased. each of these fractions was separated into several sub-fractions after chromatography on a ...1977849741
[purification of peroxidases and separation of isoperoxidases from various plant species (author's transl)].the partial purification of peroxidase (ec.1.11.1.7) and separation of isoperoxidases by disc electrophoresis from cucurbita pepo l., phaseolus vulgaris l., cicer arietinum l. and hordeum, secale and triticum sp., have been studied. peroxidase from fruit of pumpkin and from 6-day-old coleoptiles of french bean and chick pea has been partially purified, 128-, 174-, and 140-fold, respectively. the apparent km at the optimum ph were: pumpkin (epicarp.), 2.7 x 10(-4) m; barley, common rye and wheat ...1977897327
studies on the effect of bengal gram supplementation on aortic lipid synthesis and tissue lipid distribution in cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. 1977924473
the effect of bengal gram on acid mucopolysaccharide content of aorta in experimental atherosclerosis. 19761017863
nutritive studies on some raw and prepared leguminous seeds commonly used in the arab republic of syria.1. the proximate analysis of raw syrian lentils (lens esculentus), variety red chick pea (cicer arietinum) variety balady, has been made. the protein content of the two raw seeds were 23 and 22 g% for lentils and chick peas, respectively. ethereal extract, fiber, ash, calcium, phosphorus and iron content of the two raw seeds have been also assayed. 2. the levels of most of the amino acids were also estimated in the raw and cooked seeds. it was found that tryptophan- and sulphur-containing amino ...19761020373
the exploitation of natural genetic variability for tthe improvement of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). 19761073217
lipid protein inter-relationship in aortic tissue of experimentally induced atherosclerosis in rabbits and its alteration by bengal gram. 19751218871
[limiting amino acids of chickpeas (cicer arietinum) for chickens and pigs].three experiments, two with broilers and one with pig, were conducted to determine the limiting amino acids of chickpea (cicer arietinum). in the first 15% protein diets based on autoclaved chickpea were supplemented with methionine (0.20%), either alone or combined with threonine (0.025%) with no significant effect on growth or feed convertion of chicks; however, the addition of methionine tended to improve both parameters in relation to the unsupplemented diet. in the second experiment methion ...19751220614
tryptophan metabolism in cicer arietinum.crude extracts of cicer arietinum seedlings contain enzymes that mediate the oxidation of tryptophan. the most active is formylase followed by tryptophan oxygenase and kynureninase. tryptophan is also utilized for the synthesis of indolyl-3-acetic acid. the stimulation of tryptophan oxygenase in seedlings incubated in presnece of indolyl-3-acetic acid has been shown by specific labelling of haem moeity and the apoenzyme not to involve de novo synthesis.19751244106
the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick peas (cicer arietinum l). identification of the trypsin-reactive site, partial-amino-acid sequence and further physico-chemical properties of the major inhibitor.the two principal isoinhibitors p-5 and p-6 isolated earlier from the seeds of chick peas (cicer arietinum l.) by a procedure involving biospecific affinity chromatography on active, matrix-bound trypsin are shown to be the virgin and trypsin-modified forms of the same inhibitor. the virgin inhibitor p-5 consists of a single peptide chain of 66 amino acid residues cross-linked by seven disulfide bridges. upon interaction with the matrix-bound trypsin under the conditions used the virgin inhibito ...19761261538
effect of cereal-legume chapati diets on absorption and retention of calcium.wheat chapati, wheat + bengal gram (80:20 and 70:30) chapatis and casein diets, at 10 percent protein level, were fed to rats for 12 weeks to study the effect on calcium utilization. the supplementation of bengal gram to wheat diets significantly improved the calcium absorption. the urinary calcium excretion in wheat + bengal gram chapati diets was significantly less than that of wheat chapati diet fed group. the in vivo 45ca absorption (cpm/100 microliters serum) was also less in wheat chapati ...19921315433
[nutritional quality of a protein concentrate of chick-peas (cicer arietinum) obtained by ultrafiltration].the nutritive quality of a protein concentrate from chickpea (cicer arietinum) obtained by ultrafiltration was evaluated. three biological assays and the apparent protein digestibility (apd) were utilized. in addition, the effect of the supplementation with methionine to protein concentrate was observed. the protein efficiency ratio (per), net protein ratio (npr) and nitrogen utilization (nu) were 1.86, 3.11 and 3.11 respectively, compared with the values of casein anrc of 2.50 4.02 y 4.01. only ...19921342179
sensory evaluation of and acceptability trials on biscuits prepared from raw and malted wheat (triticum aestivum)-bengal gram (cicer arietinum) mixes with or without a green leafy vegetable.biscuits were prepared by varying the amounts of the basic ingredients to arrive at the most acceptable recipe. the final recipe contained 40 g of mix, 40 g of jaggery and 20 g of ghee. sensory evaluation of biscuits containing 5 or 10% colocasia leaf powder by composite scoring test and hedonic scale showed that the former type of biscuit was preferred over the latter. the acceptability trial conducted on 42, 3 to 6 year old children showed that biscuits from either malted mix with or without 7 ...19921438072
glycaemic index of conventional carbohydrate meals.the glycaemic index (gi) and the triacylglycerol response were measured in thirty non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients given 50 g portions of five different conventional indian meals containing semolina (triticum aestivum) cooked by two different methods, or combinations of semolina and pulse (black gram dhal (phaseolus mungo), green gram dhal (phaseolus aureus) or bengal gram dhal (cicer arietum)). there were no significant differences among meals in mean gi except for meals based o ...19921445824
cytochemical characterization of two types of nuclear bodies in cicer arietinum l.the present study was carried out to characterize two distinct types of nuclear bodies, the nucleolus-associated bodies (nabs) and the satellites (sats) using some specific staining, enzyme and immunogold labeling techniques in cicer arietinum l. these bodies are of interest as the functional components of plant nucleus. dna-specific staining and labeling with anti-dna, a monoclonal antibody, were employed to verify the presence of dna in nabs as well as in sats. the enzyme-gold labeling techniq ...19921493794
oligonucleotide fingerprinting of plant and fungal genomes: a comparison of radioactive, colorigenic and chemiluminescent detection methods.digoxigenated oligonucleotide probes complementary to simple repetitive dna sequences were introduced into nonradioactive fingerprint analysis of plant and fungal dna. the fragment patterns, obtained by blot hybridization of taqi-restricted dna from chickpea (cicer arietinum) and its fungal pathogen ascochyta rabiei with digoxigenated probes and either a colorigenic or a chemiluminescent detection method, were compared to those obtained with 32p-labeled probes. in combination with alkaline phosp ...19921592040
effect of processing on some chemical and nutritional characteristics of pre-cooked and dehydrated legumes.the effect of processing on chemical composition and protein quality of three legumes was studied. the species analyzed were beans (phaseolus vulgaris), tórtola and coscorrón varieties; lentils (lens esculenta), laird variety; and chick peas (cicer arietinum), california-inia variety. the legumes were soaked in a solution of na2 edta at 0.03% for 16 h and cooked for a predetermined period for each species. they were dried in a tray drier with cross currents of air flowing at a speed of 10 m/min ...19911656424
studies on serum and tissue lipid fractions in bengal gram induced retardation of experimental atherosclerosis.serum and tissue lipid levels were studied in rabbits in whom egg yolk was used to induce atherosclerosis and bengal gram was supplemented in the diet as a lipodiatic agent. monthly serological and tissue studies were done to assess the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids and it was found that egg yolk feeding leads to statistically significant increases in all these fractions in the serum, liver, adrenals, heart and aorta. bengal gram supplementation of the diet led to ...19911668206
role of bengal gram (cicer arietinum) seed coat as an antiatherogenic agent in rabbits.bengal gram seed coat appeared to be a potent hypocholesterolemic/hypolipidemic agent in rabbits. when fed to hypercholesterolemic rabbits, it lowered hepatic cholesterol/lipid much more than in the control group. aortic lipid levels were rather marginally increased but the increase was less in bengal gram seed coat fed rabbits. though seed coat of bengal gram failed to prevent the development of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, but certainly it slowed down the process of its dev ...19911668207
agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of chickpea, cicer arietinum l.in leaf and stem explants of chickpea, wild type strains of agrobacteria were able to induce tumors. these tumors were capable of phytohormone independent growth. a supervirulent strain a281 was found to be most effective. thus, using an agrobacterium r1601, which carries genes conferring supervirulent phenotype along with a plant selectable marker gene (npt ii), transformed calli of chickpea were selected in the presence of 100 micrograms/ml level of kanamycin. molecular analyses of genomic dna ...19911769719
serum lipid and lipoprotein fractions in bengal gram and biochanin a induced alterations in atherosclerosis.serum lipids and lipoproteins were studied in rabbits fed on egg yolk supplemented diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. bengal gram and synthetically pure isoflavone biochanin a have been used as lipodiatic agents in this study. rabbits were divided into four groups: group a were fed on egg yolk supplement alone to form the positive control group, group b were fed with 40 gms of overnight soaked bengal gram (cicer arietinum), group c were fed with 50 mgs of biochanin a fortnightly, group d was n ...19911800305
fate and interconversion of endosulfan i, ii and sulfate on gram crop (cicer arietinum linn.) in subtropical environment. 19911813085
[obtention of a protein concentrate of chickpea (cicer arietinum) by ultrafiltration].a protein concentrate was obtained from chick-pea (cicer arietinum) flour aqueous extract. the factor involved in the recovery of protein were the flour: water ratio, and the ph. the best aqueous extract was subjected to infiltration in a romicon hf1/2sss unit equipped with hollow fiber membranes cartridges with a nominal molecular-weight cut-off point of 50,000 daltons. the concentrate was spray-dried and the product obtained had the following composition, expressed in g/100 g: 67.8 protein wit ...19911841540
determination of oxyfluorfen herbicide and oxyfluorfen amine residues in garbanzo beans by liquid chromatography.oxyfluorfen and oxyfluorfen amine were determined by liquid chromatography (lc) with ultraviolet (uv) and photoconductivity detection (pcd). a simple extraction procedure acceptably recovered both analytes from garbanzo beans over a wide range of fortifications (0.05 to 20 ppm) (83 +/- 4 for oxyfluorfen; 85 +/- 4 for oxyfluorfen amine). percent recoveries decreased slightly as the fortification level decreased. both analytes could be determined simultaneously at a concentration greater than 0.2 ...20151874702
pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis in elicitor-challenged chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) cell cultures. purification, characterization and cdna cloning of nadph:isoflavone oxidoreductase.nadph:isoflavone oxidoreductase (ifr) is the first soluble enzyme of the pterocarpan-specific part of phytoalexin biosynthesis in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). the enzyme was purified to apparent homogeneity by a five-step procedure from chickpea cell cultures treated with yeast extract as elicitor. analysis by gel filtration and sds/page showed that the enzyme consists of a single polypeptide with a molecular mass of 36 kda. km values for the substrates 2'-hydroxyformononetin, 2'-hydroxypseudo ...19911915347
seed protein fractions and amino acid composition in gram (cicer arietinum).six chickpea strains were analysed for their protein content and various protein fractions. the protein content ranged from 20.9-25.27%. albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin contents ranged from 8.39-12.31%; 53.44-60.29%; 3.12-6.89% and 19.38-24.40% respectively. salt soluble proteins (albumin + globulin) and globulins resolved into 19-23 bands whereas albumin proteins resolved into 30-34 bands. the molecular weights of various polypeptides ranged from 10-91 kd. amino acid analysis of total ...19911924186
phytoalexins as part of induced defence reactions in plants: their elicitation, function and metabolism.microbial infection of plants or elicitation of cell cultures initiates substantial metabolic changes directed at the induction of defence reactions. the antimicrobial phytoalexins deserve special attention because they represent one essential component of plant resistance. the great structural diversity of phytoalexins and possible cellular sites for their toxic activity are discussed. pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis in cicer arietinum is an example of the induction of extended biosyntheti ...19902086034
preliminary observations on leukaemia specific agglutinins from seeds.semipurified saline extracts of seeds from crotolaria juncea, cassia marginata, ficus racemosa, cicer arietinum (l-532), gossipium indicum (g-27), melia composita, acacia lenticularis, meletia ovalifolia, acacia catechu and peltophorum ferrenginium were tested for leukoagglutinating activity against whole leukocytes and mononuclear cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (34), acute myeloblastic leukaemia (5), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (7), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (3), vario ...19902347609
protein digestibility (in vitro) of chickpea and blackgram seeds as affected by domestic processing and cooking.protein digestibility (in vitro) of grains of chickpea (cicer arietinum) and blackgram (vigna mungo) cultivars varied from 48 to 53% and 52 to 58%, respectively. soaking, cooking (both of unsoaked and soaked seeds), autoclaving and sprouting improved significantly the protein digestibility of all the cultivars of chickpea and blackgram. autoclaving was found to be most effective followed by cooking and sprouting; cooking of sprouts had only marginal effect. protein digestibility was higher when ...19892762243
enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in fast-growing rhizobium grown on hexoses or succinate.enzymatic evidence supports that succinate mediates repression of hexose-catabolising enzymes in fast-growing rhizobium sp. (cicer arietinum). enzymes of the embden-myerhof-parnas, entner-doudoroff and pentose phosphate pathways were found present in hexose-grown cells but not in succinate-grown cells. these however could be induced by the presence of hexoses.19892777319
amine oxidase from lathyrus cicera and phaseolus vulgaris: purification and properties.cu-amine oxidases (amine oxygen oxidoreductase deaminating, copper containing e.c. 1.4.3.6.) are found in all forms of life (1). they catalyze the following general reaction: r-ch2-nh2 + o2 + h2o----r-cho + nh3 + h2o2. cu-amine oxidases (cu-aos) have been extracted from different leguminosae: pisum sativum (2-3), lathyrus sativus (4), lens esculenta (5), vicia faba (6), cicer arietinum (7), glycine max (8) but not from phaseolus vulgaris. palavan and galston (9), in a study of polyamine biosynth ...19892798365
cross-allergenicity in the legume botanical family in children with food hypersensitivity. ii. laboratory correlates.only two of 41 legume-allergic patients diagnosed by double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenge or "convincing history" of anaphylaxis had an ige-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to more than one member of the legume family. however, extensive immunologic cross-reactivity was demonstrated among legume antigens on immunoblot and immunodot-blot analyses and prick skin tests. the proteins of six legumes (peanut, soybean, lima bean, pea, garbanzo bean, and green beans) were separated by ...19892809025
chemical composition and nutritional value of mexican varieties of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).chemical composition and protein quality of the main chickpea varieties cultivated in mexico were determined. the raw and cooked chickpeas analyzed were: surutato, surutato 77, sonora, sonora 80, porquero, macarena, breve duro and a mixture of broken seeds used mainly for animal feeding. the chemical composition of the raw chickpea studied was very similar; the average values of the nutrients were: ash 3.1 +/- 0.2, fat 5.0 +/- 1.0, protein 19.5 +/- 1.2 and fiber 3.7 +/- 2.1. cooking diminished o ...19872852802
subtilisin inhibitors in legume seeds.subtilisin inhibitors (si) having an average molecular mass of 8 kda purified from jack beans (canavalia ensiformis) and broad beans (vicia faba) to electrophoretical homogeneity are compared to those isolated from chick peas (cicer arietinum) and black beans (phaseolus vulgaris). the specificity spectrum of si is restricted to microbial serine proteinases. their interaction with subtilisin carlsberg is variable, obtaining the highest value for black bean, followed by broad bean, chick pea and j ...19883060146
in vitro secretion and uptake of radioactive vitamin a in rats fed different dietary proteins.generally, protein energy malnutrition is accompanied with vitamin a deficiency. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the importance of the quality and the quantity of dietary proteins on the in vitro secretion and uptake of vitamin a in growing rats. the results show that the in vitro release of radioactive vitamin a was greater in rats fed bengal gram diets as compared to those fed casein diets. however, this relationship between the two groups of rats was reversed for the in vitro upt ...19873103524
distribution of vitamin a in various organs of rats in relation to the quality and the quantity of dietary proteins.the influence of the quality and the quantity of dietary proteins on the distribution of a single massive dose of vitamin a in various organs of growing wistar strain rats has been studied by using casein and bengal gram diets at 20% and 10% protein levels. the distribution of [3h]-retinyl acetate in various tissues was also investigated in these dietary conditions. the results show that the hepatic storage of dietary as well as a single massive dose (20,000 i.u.) of vitamin a was profoundly dec ...19873111110
[use of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) in non-dairy formulas. ii. nitrogen balance in children with lactose intolerance, fed with a formula based on chickpea and a commercial soybean product].the nutritive value of chick-pea and soy infant formulas was evaluated. nitrogen balance was performed in 17 malnourished babies, seven of which were fed with the chick-pea formula, and 10 with the soy commercial formula (sobee). the percentage of absorption, retention and biological value of the chick-pea formula were 72.4, 26.4 and 35.1, respectively and 69.6, 24.3 and 34.0 in the same order, with the soy formula. since the nutritional quality of the chick-pea was not different to the commerci ...20113146951
nutritional evaluation of chickpea and germinated chickpea flours.the ability of seed germination to increase the nutritional quality of chickpea was studied. chickpea flours germinated for 0, 24 and 48 h were evaluated nutritionally by determination of protein efficiency ratio (per), net protein ratio (npr), digestibility and essential amino acid availability "in vivo". a significant increase in ascorbic acid was observed during germination. per and npr values indicated that germinated chickpea flours compared favorably to casein. protein digestibility decrea ...19883200798
the effect of bengal gram feeding on the haemostatic status of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. 19873273584
bioavailability of copper to rats from various foodstuffs and in the presence of different carbohydrates.copper bioavailability was studied in rats using an extrinsic cu label. copper absorption from sunflower seeds (46%), peanuts (41%), cooked shrimp (50%), and cooked beef (40%) was as good or better than copper sulfate (46%). copper from plant foods (sunflower seeds, garbanzo beans, peanuts) was absorbed equally as well as copper from animal foods (beef, shrimp, chicken liver), 39 +/- 7% vs 43 +/- 7%, p greater than 0.05. there was no significant difference in percentage cu absorption between int ...19883340618
studies on the etiology and pathogenesis of motor neuron diseases. ii. clinical and electrophysiologic features of pyramidal dysfunction in macaques fed lathyrus sativus and idpn.a primate model of lathyrism has been produced in well-nourished male cynomolgus monkeys chronically fed a fortified diet composed of lathyrus sativus (chickling or grass pea) and given daily per os an alcoholic extract of this legume. animals given a diet of non-neurotoxic cicer arietinum (chick pea) cross-matched with the nutritional properties of the experimental diet served as controls. another group of animals received the same diet and oral doses of beta, beta'-iminodipropionitrile (idpn), ...19883347349
effect of extrusion processing on the nutritional quality of protein in rice-legume blends.the effect of extrusion processing using wenger x-5 extruder on the quality of products of rice-legume (75:25) blends was investigated. the products were palatable and had a good texture. the nutritional quality of protein in the extrudates was significantly improved. the protein efficiency ratio values of rice-soybean, rice-bengal gram and rice-black gram products were: 2.25, 2.30 and 2.28 as compared to 2.10, 1.89 and 1.98 for the respective raw blends. extrusion processing reduced the phytate ...19883362195
hepatic and serum arginase and ornithine transcarbamylase activities of rats maintained on diets of different protein quality.groups of rats were fed diets containing 15% protein from arhar dal (cajanus cajan), bengal gram dal (cicer arietinum), urad dal (phaseolus mungo) and also isolated proteins from casein, egg, soya bean, gluten and gelatin for a period of 10 days. rats maintained on the casein diet had the highest liver arginase activity and those having egg the lowest. all the leguminous proteins gave similar levels of arginase activity, the values falling between the casein and egg groups. serum arginase level ...19873426155
aortic collagen & glycosaminoglycans in bengal gram induced alterations in atherosclerosis. 19873443486
[supplementation of wheat flour with chickpea (cicer arietinum) flour. i. preparation of flours and their properties for bread making].the feasibility of adding chick-pea flour substituting part of wheat flour in yeast-leavened bread-making in order to increase the protein value, was studied. a 70% extraction chick-pea flour of commercial granulometry (150 mu) was prepared. wheat flours of 74% and 78% extraction were then blended with 5%, 10% and 15% of chick-pea flour. every flour and blend were subsequently analyzed to determine protein, ash, fiber, fat and maltose content, as well as sedimentation, farinogram and bread-makin ...19873455191
[supplementation of wheat flour with chickpea (cicer arietinum) flour. ii. chemical composition and biological quality of breads made with blends of the same].experimental bread made of wheat flour complemented with 5, 10 and 15% chick-pea flour was studied, using wheat bread as control. samples were analyzed for their proximal chemical composition and amino acids content. crude fiber and protein increased from 0.36% to 0.55%, and from 14% to 17.6%, respectively, when 15% chick-pea flour was added. the lysine content increased as the level of supplementation was raised. biological quality of proteins was measured in rats as protein efficiency ratio (p ...19873506405
[use of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) in non-dairy formulas. i. chemical composition and nutritive quality of chickpeas and a comparison with commercial infant formulas].a study was carried out to determine, in rats, the chemical composition and protein quality determinations: per, npr and npu of chick-pea, milk powder and two different commercial infant formulas for babies with lactose intolerance. the formulas studied were "casec" (calcium caseinate), "sobee" (soy flour), "plenilac" (milk powder) and cooked chick-pea flour, alone or supplemented with methionine and/or tryptophan. the protein and fat contents of "casec" were 88 and 2%, respectively, while chick ...19873506409
biochemistry and technology of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) seeds.chickpea is an important source of proteins, carbohydrates, b-group vitamins, and certain minerals, particularly to the populations of developing nations. india contributes over 75% of the chickpea production in the world where it is mostly consumed as dhal, whole seeds, and several types of traditional, fermented, deep fried, sweetened, and puffed products. in this review, the world production and distribution, genetic background, biochemical and nutritional quality, and developments in storage ...19863549160
[diet therapy of hyperlipidemia in children].a classification of hyperlipidemias (hlp) in children has been presented in which the main types and forms of the disease are described. the general principles of the diet therapy in children with hlp have been formulated. it is stressed that the ration should include the products containing lipotropic substances, and possessing anticholesterol properties. a special attention is paid to chick-pea (cicer arietinum) that contains essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids with antiscler ...20063590677
energy utilization of supplemented cereal diets in human volunteers.energy utilization was studied in human volunteers using different diets containing wheat flour supplemented by groundnut (arachis hypogaea), "masur" (lens culinaris), mung (phaseolus aureus) and gram (cicer arietinum) flour. digestible and metabolizable energies were determined for all the experimental diets. an improved energy digestibility was observed when wheat flour was supplemented with groundnut flour, and groundnut flour plus gram flour, i.e. 93.35 and 89.48%, respectively. percent dige ...19863632213
isolation and characterization of a novel haemoprotein b-559 from bengal gram (cicer arietinum).a haemoprotein was purified to apparent homogeneity from bengal-gram seeds. the purified protein exhibited an absorption maximum at 412 nm (soret band) that upon reduction with dithionite gave rise to a shift in the soret band to 426 nm with concomitant appearance of an alpha-band at 559 nm and a beta-band at 530 nm. in the reduced state the bengal-gram haemoprotein showed reactivity towards co, nitrite and hydroxylamine. sds/polyacrylamide-slab-gel electrophoresis showed that the haemoprotein h ...19873663098
a mechanism for the hypocholesterolaemic activity of saponins.1. saponins are steroid or triterpene glycosides which occur in a number of important food plants, including such staples as soya beans (glycine max) and chickpeas (cicer arietinum). they are known to be hypocholesterolaemic. 2. some saponins form an insoluble complex with cholesterol which prevents its absorption from the small intestine. others cause an increase in the faecal excretion of bile acids, an indirect route for elimination of cholesterol. 3. we have investigated the effects of diffe ...19863676181
purfication and properties of a specific isoflavone 7-o-glucoside-6''-malonate malonyestrase from roots of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).protein extracts from roots of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) plants contained high esterase activity hydrolyzing malonate hemiesters of isoflavone 7-o-glucosides. using 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone (biochanin a) 7-o-glucoside-6"-malonate as a substrate, a specific malonylesterase was purified about 700-fold to near homogeneity. the purified enzyme possesses an extremely low enzyme activity with synthetic esterase substrates. various putative nonspecific esterases, as tested with alpha-naph ...19863740841
studies on the development of infant foods from plant protein sources. part i. effect of germination of chickpea (cicer arietinum) on the nutritive value and digestibility of proteins.for the purpose of developing an infant food of improved dispersibility characteristics and high nutritive quality, different treatments and technologies were applied to chickpea (cicer arietinum). samples were germinated for two and four days at room temperature (25 - 27 degrees c). one portion of each germinated chickpea sample was boiled for 40 min and the other portion was autoclaved at 15 psi for 15 min. these processed samples were then compared with the corresponding value of raw germinat ...19853836608
studies on the development of infant foods from plant protein sources. part ii. effect of processing conditions on the chemical and nutritive properties of chickpea (cicer arietinum).in order to improve the taste, flavor and nutritional quality of chickpea (cicer arietinum), various processing conditions were studied. the decorticated samples were processed under various conditions, either by presoaking or non-soaking in water or sodium carbonate solution. the proteins were also isolated from water or carbonate-presoaked chickpea and subjected to various processing. carbonate-presoaked samples gave slightly lower protein and ash values. no major changes in other constituents ...19853842055
studies on the development of infant foods from plant protein sources. part iii. preparation, processing and properties of various products developed.studies have been carried out on the development of a low-cost, high-quality infant food of low paste viscosity from rice, chickpea (cicer arietinum) and cow's milk. in order to improve the overall quality of the product, chickpea was processed by different methods prior to its incorporation. a number of formulations was prepared by mixing 52% rice, 30% each, the processed chickpea sample, and 18% whole milk powder. these mixtures were processed by extrusion cooking or drum drying. in the case o ...19853842932
partial characterization of subtilisin isoinhibitors from chick peas (cicer arietinum). 19853915845
properties of phosphatides prepared from rice bran, cicer arietinum & phaseolus aureus. 19664225702
quantitative changes in nucleic acids & nucleases during germination of cicer arietinum. 19664227104
a cell-free protein synthesizing system from cicer arietinum seedlings. 19674228194
purification and properties of ribonuclease, 3'-nucleotidase and phosphomonoesterase from cicer arietinum seedlings. 19684239923
phospholipase d (phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase, ec 3.1.4.4) of cicer arietinum. 19694245430
effect of different levels of pulse protein (cicer arietinum) on liver enzymes. 19704314660
effect of indole-3-acetic acid on the synthesis of cyclic 3'-5' adenosine phosphate by bengal gram seeds. 19714325495
induction of tryptophan oxygenase in cicer arietinum seedlings by indole-3-acetic acid & cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate. 19714352622
stimulation of rna synthesis in cicer arietinum seedlings by cyclic 3':5' adenosine monophosphate. 19734354065
[metabolism of aromatic substances contained in plants. i. on the transformation of isoflavones and coumestans in cicer arietinum l. and phaseolus aureus roxb]. 19694388831
[metabolism of aromatic substances contained in plants. ii. on the transformation of the isoflavones formononetin and biochanin a in cicer arietinum l]. 19694389802
biochemical changes in seeds of cicer arietinum, l. during germination. 19744438791
purification and properties of a s-adenosylmethionine: isoflavone 4'-o-methyltransferase from cell suspension cultures of cicer arietinum l. 19744452353
influence of some trace elements on the growth of rhizobium from peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) and gram (cicer arietinum l.). 19724679121
effect of bengal gram, cicer arietinum l., on experimental atherosclerosis. 19734779297
action of indolyl-3-acetic acid on in vitro synthesis of tryptophan oxygenase by cicer arietinum seedlings. 19734792926
incorporation of (u-14c)aspartate into lysine, threonine and other amino acids in bengal gram (cicer arietinum). 19734792947
effects of bengal gram on cholesterol induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. 19725017797
lipodiatic activity of bengal gram. 19715138953
enzymatic transformation of flavonols with a cell-free preparation from cicer arietinum l. 19715144273
[chick pea (cicer arietinum) formula in nutrition of the healthy infant. preliminary report]. 19715172840
hypocholesterolaemic effect of bengal gram: a long-term study in man. 19685636741
chromatographic amino acid pattern of various protein fractions of bengal gram. 19685680421
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