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resource concentration hypothesis: effect of host plant patch size on density of herbivorous insects.the resource concentration hypothesis (root 1973) predicts that specialist herbivorous insects should be more abundant in large patches of host plants, because the insects are more likely to find and stay longer in those patches. between august 1989 and january 1990 we experimentally tested root's hypothesis by analyzing the numerical response of four species of herbivorous insects associated with patches of 4, 16, 64 and 225 cabbage plants, brassica oleracea var. capitata. in addition, we studi ...199528306995
genetic constitution of germ cells in intervarietal and interspecific chimeras of brassica induced by in-vitro grafting.the characteristics of intervarietal and interspecific chimeras synthesized by the graft-culture method were determined by morphology, anthocyanin pigmentation pattern, and crossing. in an intervarietal chimera between 'yr-ranpou' (green cabbage) and 'ruby ball' (red cabbage) in brassica oleracea, a segregation phenomenon was noted in which seeds giving rise to purple and green plants were both produced in a single capsule in f1 progeny from crosses of chimeras with yr ranpou, the anthocyanin-fr ...199424177836
tritrophic interactions between cabbage cultivars with different resistance and fertilizer levels, cruciferous aphids and parasitoids under field conditions.tritrophic interactions involving cabbage brassica oleracea var. capitata cultivars +/- fertilizer, brevicoryne brassicae (linnaeus) and myzus persicae (sulzer), and the parasitoids diaeretiella rapae (m'cintosh) and aphidius sp. were conducted in 1998 and 1999. brevicorne brassicae was the dominant aphid species on all cultivars +/- fertilizer, except for some treatments in late season 1998. ruby ball (red-leaved with antixenosis factors for b. brassicae alates) +/- fertilizer was consistently ...200212020363
content of glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables grown at the same site for two years under different climatic conditions.individual glucosinolates (gls) were determined in vegetables of three cruciferae species: brassica oleracea l. (white cabbage, red cabbage, savoy cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kale, kohlrabi), brassica rapa l. (turnip), and raphanus sativus l. (red radish, black radish, and white radish) produced in two years. the cultivars were compared for the contents of total-, indole-, and aliphatic gls. in both years, the total content of gls was highest in black radish, and all examined r. sati ...200010898637
comparison of photomorphogenic responses to uv light in red and white cabbage (brassica oleracea l.).photoinhibition of hypocotyl growth in white cabbage (brassica oleracea l., cv "bianco brunswick") is controlled by uv absorbing receptor(s) and the phytochrome system, while in red cabbage (cv "rosso olandese tardivo invernale") phytochrome can act without any requirement for the action of a specific uv receptor. similar results have been obtained for the photoregulation of anthocyanin production. twenty-four hour preirradiations with uv light or 692 nanometers light lead to the same increase i ...198916666761
determination of three major triterpenoids in epicuticular wax of cabbage (brassica oleracea l.) by high-performance liquid chromatography with uv and mass spectrometric detection.lupeol, together with alpha- and beta-amyrins in smaller quantities, has been found for the first time in the epicuticular wax of white cabbage (brassica oleracea l. convar. capitata (l.) alef. var. alba dc) leaf surface extract. the three triterpenoids were identified by a new high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) method with uv and mass spectrometric (ms) detection using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (apci). all three isomeric compounds gave a parent ion peak at m/z 409 [m+ ...200717692861
rapd analysis of seed purity in a commercial hybrid cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivar.the use of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers for evaluating seed purity in a commercial f1-hybrid cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivar is demonstrated. genomic dna isolated from single ungerminated seed was found to be suitable for rapd analysis. dna from f1-hybrid and its parental lines was subjected to rapd screening with 36 random decamer arbitrary primers. a total of 241 scorable products were observed with 54 (22%) being polymorphic. the rapd data showed that the ...200010791820
an investigation of the intracellular site of anthocyanoplasts using isolated protoplasts and vacuoles.microscopic observations made during preparation of protoplasts and vacuoles from red radish seedling hypocotyl (raphanus sativus l.) show that anthocyanoplasts, the strongly pigmented bodies present in the pigmented cells of the hypodermis, begin as apparently membranous vesicles in the cytoplasm made visible by the deposition and accumulation of anthocyanins, but only rarely appear in the isolated vacuole. isolation of protoplasts and vacuoles was also achieved from mung bean seedling hypocoty ...198824240251
isolation and characterization of a udpglucose: flavonol o-glucosyltransferase from illuminated red cabbage (brassica oleracea cv red danish) seedlings.a udpglc:flavonol o(3)-glucosyltransferase (ec 2.4.1.91) that catalyzes the formation of quercetin and kaempferol o(3)-glucosides has been purified about 1450-fold from illuminated red cabbage (brassica oleracea cv red danish) seedlings with a 3.3% yield. purification of the enzyme was achieved by (nh(4))(2)so(4)-precipitation, gel-filtration, ion-exchange chromatography on deae-bio-gel and q-sepharose, chromatofocusing, and electrophoresis in nondenaturing polyacrylamide (10%) gels. the enzyme ...199116668021
assessing three methods for identification of desirable genotypes in white cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata).a desirable genotype is a genotype performing well in a chosen set of environments. three methods for identification of desirable genotypes were assessed in two cabbage data sets: regression analysis, multidimensional scaling of dissimilarity matrices, and biplot of deviation matrices. using the regression approach is not recommended mainly for two reasons: (1) it is difficult to identify the desirable genotypes since one has to unify three parameters into one decision; (2) the regression method ...198924232891
biocontrol potential of an endophytic streptomyces sp. strain mbcn152-1 against alternaria brassicicola on cabbage plug seedlings.in the present study, 77 strains of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from cabbage were screened in order to assess their biocontrol potential against alternaria brassicicola on cabbage seedlings. in the first and second screening trials, cabbage seedlings pretreated with mycelial suspensions of each isolate were spray-inoculated with a. brassicicola. strain mbcn152-1, which exhibited the best protection in screening trials and had no adverse effects on seedling growth, was selected for the gree ...201728515390
effects of freezing and hardening on the sulfhydryl groups of protein fractions from cabbage leaves.disc electrophoresis was used to separate water soluble proteins from hardy, non-hardy, and frost killed cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) leaves. amidoschwarz staining failed to reveal any new bands as a result of hardening although the relative amounts of proteins in individual bands changed. sulfhydryl groups in the protein bands were stained with 2,2-dihydroxy-6,6-dinaphthyl disulfide and labeled with (14)c p-chloromercuribenzoate. significant decreases in the sulfhydryl content of t ...196916657040
[ecotoxicological effects of tetracycline on the seedling development of chinese white cabbage (brassica rapa l. chinensis group.) in soil].the ecotoxicological effects of tetracycline (tc) on the early growth and seedlings development of chinese white cabbage were investigated using the pot-culture method. the results showed that the stem elongation of the cabbages was promoted, while the root elongation and fresh weight of the cabbages were inhibited by 1-100 mg/kg tc. after a 28-day exposure, the inhibition rate of root elongation was up to 36.0% and that of fresh weight was up to 34.6% stressed by 100 mg/kg tc. with the exposure ...201122619974
ethylene, light, and anthocyanin synthesis.ethylene control of anthocyanin formation functions only through light-initiated synthesis pathways of the rapid synthesis phase. treatment with ethylene in the dark had no effect on dark anthocyanin synthesis in red cabbage (brassica oleracea l.). pretreatment of both red cabbage and sorghum (sorghum vulgare l.) with ethylene for 24 hours in the dark did increase the rate of synthesis when the tissue was placed in the light. light-initiated anthocyanin synthesis is inhibited by ethylene when th ...197316658347
assessment of vitamin and carotenoid concentrations of emerging food products: edible microgreens.microgreens (seedlings of edible vegetables and herbs) have gained popularity as a new culinary trend over the past few years. although small in size, microgreens can provide surprisingly intense flavors, vivid colors, and crisp textures and can be served as an edible garnish or a new salad ingredient. however, no scientific data are currently available on the nutritional content of microgreens. the present study was conducted to determine the concentrations of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phyllo ...201222812633
n-carbamoyl-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)glycine from leaves of broad bean (vicia faba l.).1. dl-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)glycine was resolved through the bromocamphorsulphonate to give its d-isomer. the n-carbamoyl derivatives of these amino acids were synthesized. circular-dichroism studies on these and related compounds, reported in a deposited annex, helped to establish the optical configuration. 2. n-carbamoyl-dl-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)glycine was isolated from broad-bean leaves. it amounted to about 0.1% of the leaf dry matter. racemization may or may not have occurred during the isolatio ...19715119777
toxicity tests of soil contaminated by recycling of scrap plastics.the present investigation studied the toxicity of soil contaminated by untreated discharge from a factory that recycles used plastics. the nearby agricultural areas and freshwater fish ponds were polluted with high concentrations of cu, ni, and mn. water extracts from the contaminated soil retarded root growth of brassica chinensis (chinese white cabbage) and cynodon dactylon (bermuda grass) where their seeds were obtained commercially. the contaminated populations of c. dactylon, panicum repen ...19902331327
nitrates and nitrites in selected vegetables purchased at supermarkets in siedlce, poland.vegetables constitute a vital part of the human diet, being the main source of minerals, vitamins, dietary fibre and phytochemicals. they however, also contain nitrates and nitrites, which adversely affect human health.201424964574
[distribution of free carboxyl groups in native pectins from fruits and vegetables].pectins from 18 kinds of fruit and vegetable are extracted with ammonium oxalate from the alcohol-insoluble substance and fractioned on deae-sephacell. all the fruit pectins as well as tomato and sunflower pectin have in their distribution of the esterification degree a concentration maximum in the highly esterified range, that is above an esterification degree of 60%. with lower esterification degrees the concentration decreased continuously. vegetable pectins from cucumbers, celery, and tomato ...19854022106
cooking techniques improve the levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in kale and red cabbage.the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different home cooking techniques (boiling, steaming, and stir-frying) in kale and red cabbage, on the levels of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, anthocyanins and phenolic compounds) determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and mass spectrometry detectors (hplc-dad-ms(n)), and on the antioxidant activity evaluated by abts, orac and cellular antioxidant activity (caa) assays. the steaming technique r ...201626593594
inhibitory effects of an extract from non-host plants on physiological characteristics of two major cabbage pests.the diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) and small white cabbage butterfly (pieris rapae) are the two main serious pests of cruciferous crops (brassicaceae) that have developed resistance to chemical control methods. in order to avoid such resistance and also the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on the environment, alternative methods have usually been suggested, including the use of plant enzyme inhibitors. here, the inhibitory effects of proteinaceous inhibitors extracted from wheat, c ...201729039281
brassica vegetables as sources of epithionitriles: novel secondary products formed during cooking.the epithionitriles, 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane, in particular, and 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane, are important, but yet underestimated glucosinolate hydrolysis products that are released instead of the cancer preventative isothiocyanates in brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, or pak choi. here, we characterized the reactivity of 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane under aqueous heat treatment conditions and compared our findings to those of the related epithionitriles 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane ...201829287410
seasonal flight, optimal timing and efficacy of selected insecticides for cabbage maggot (delia radicum l., diptera: anthomyiidae) control.in order to describe seasonal flight activity of the cabbage maggot delia radicum (l.) adults in relation to julian days (jd), degree-day accumulations (dda) and precipitation, flight dynamics were followed weekly with the use of yellow sticky traps (yst). climatic data were collected and dda were calculated using the lower developmental threshold of 4.3 °c. the efficacy of four insecticides applied either as standard foliar treatment or through dipping the seedlings before transplanting was det ...201226466723
partial purification and characterization of cystine lyase from cabbage (brassica oleracea var capitata).cabbage (brassica oleracea var capitata) leaves were used as a source of cystine lyase. diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatography resolved two peaks of activity, designated i and ii.cystine lyase i (molecular weight 145,000) and o-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (molecular weight 70,000) were resolved by bio-gel a-0.5m chromatography. this isozyme catalyzed an alpha,beta-elimination reaction with cystine, cysteine, o-acetylserine, and several s-substituted cysteines. the substrate specificity was si ...198316663061
isolation of a plant glycoprotein involved with control of intercellular recognition.a recognition molecule was isolated from stigmas of s-allele genotype s(2)s(2) of brassica oleracea var. capitata l. after sephadex chromatography, it eluted as a single symmetrical peak during diethylaminoethane-cellulose chromatography. a high degree of purity was affirmed by: sedimentation as a single peak during ultracentrifugation through 5 to 20% sucrose gradients; elution as a single peak from sephadex g-100; visualization as a single band which stains with coomassie blue and periodic aci ...198116661660
distribution of s-alleles and breeding structure of cape broccoli (brassica oleracea var.'italica').182 plants representing 7 cultivars of cape broccoli were tested for their s-alleles using the standard brassica s-allele collection. in all but 12 plants both s-alleles were identified. a total of 20 different s-alleles were found, 9 of which occurred in the autumn types but not in the spring, 5 of which occurred in the spring types and not the autumn, and 6 of which were common to both. most of the s-alleles detected in cape broccoli were also found in brussels sprouts or kales, but of the thr ...198024301211
inhibition of anthocyanin formation in seedlings and flowers by the enantiomers of α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid and their n-benzyloxycarbonyl derivatives.both enantiomers of α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid (aopp), potent inhibitors of l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and their n-benzyloxycarbonyl (n-boc) derivatives inhibit anthocyanin formation in developing flowers of ipomoea tricolor cav. and catharanthus roseus don. as well as in seedlings of brassica oleracea var. caulo-rapa dc (kohlrabi) and b. oleracea var. capitata l. (red cabbage) with little interference with their normal development. kohlrabi seedlings tolerate up to 0.3 mm l-aopp and ...197924407328
pollen protein synthesis and control of incompatibility in brassica.excised but otherwise intact cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) stigmas release a watersoluble substance which selectively inhibits germination of self-but not cross-pollen. the inhibitory effect on self-pollen germination is dependent on both the concentration of stigma extract and on the time of addition. low concentrations of stigma extract inhibit when present from the start (zero time additions) of pollen imbibition, whereas high concentrations do not. high concentrations inhibit whe ...197624413797
photocontrol of anthocyanin synthesis: v. further evidence against the involvement of photosynthesis in high irradiance reaction anthocyanin synthesis of young seedlings.streptomycin and chloramphenicol inhibit the development of the photosynthetic apparatus and enhance anthocyanin synthesis in tomato (lycopersican esculentum, cv. beefsteak) and red cabbage (brassica oleracea, cv. red acre) seedlings. the two antibiotics do not affect the basic features of light-dependent anthocyanin formation: the relative effectiveness of different irradiance levels and of different spectral regions and the red-far red reversibility of the response are essentially the same in ...197616659650
structural profiling and quantitation of glycosyl inositol phosphoceramides in plants with fourier transform mass spectrometry.glycosyl inositol phosphoceramides (gipc) are the main sphingolipids in plants, and optimization of their extraction and detection is still in the focus of research. mass spectrometry provides new options for the analysis and structural elucidation of this complex class of lipids. the coupling of linear ion trap and orbitrap (ltq orbitrap) enabled various fragmentation experiments (ms(2), ms(3)) by collision-induced dissociation (cid) and pulsed-q dissociation (pqd). for structural analysis, gip ...201323573790
biomethanation macrodynamics of vegetable residues pretreated by low-frequency microwave irradiation.the effects of microwave irradiation on the digestibility and biogas production of cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis) and cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) leaves were investigated using biochemical methane potential (bmp) assays. cow dung was utilised as inoculum. different microwave powers (87.5, 175 and 350w) were applied in a first set of runs for 15min. the second set consisted of 20, 25 and 30min irradiation at 350w. based on anova analysis (α=0.05), biogas production wa ...201828602662
new strategy for determination of anthocyanins, polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of brassica oleracea liquid extract using infrared spectroscopies and multivariate regression.a new method was developed to determine the antioxidant properties of red cabbage extract (brassica oleracea) by mid (mid) and near (nir) infrared spectroscopies and partial least squares (pls) regression. a 70% (v/v) ethanolic extract of red cabbage was concentrated to 9° brix and further diluted (12 to 100%) in water. the dilutions were used as external standards for the building of pls models. for the first time, this strategy was applied for building multivariate regression models. reference ...201829331819
antioxidant activity of dietary fruits, vegetables, and commercial frozen fruit pulps.fruits, vegetables, and commercial frozen pulps (fp) consumed in the brazilian diet were analyzed for antioxidant activities using two different methods, one that determines the inhibition of copper-induced peroxidation of liposome and another based on the inhibition of the co-oxidation of linoleic acid and beta-carotene. the anthocyanin-rich samples showed the highest, concentration-dependent, antioxidant activities in both systems. in the liposome system, at both 10 and 50 microm gallic acid e ...200515826041
sulfur fertilization increases defense metabolites and nitrogen but decreases plant resistance against a host-specific insect.we tested the sulfur-modulated plant resistance hypothesis using potted cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) plants that were grown without and with increasing levels of sulfur fertilization. changes in plant chemical traits were assessed and developmental performance of plutella xylostella, a highly host-specific leaf-chewing insect, was followed. leaf sulfur concentration gradually increased with growing addition of sulfur in soil; however, there was a generalized saturation response curv ...201729061199
dietary anthocyanins against obesity and inflammation.chronic low-grade inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of obesity, due to its associated chronic diseases such as type ii diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases and cancer. thus, targeting inflammation is an attractive strategy to counter the burden of obesity-induced health problems. recently, food-derived bioactive compounds have been spotlighted as a regulator against various chronic diseases due to their low toxicity, as opposed to drugs that induce severe sid ...201728974032
the nutritive value of organic and conventional white cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata) and anti-apoptotic activity in gastric adenocarcinoma cells of sauerkraut juice produced therof.white cabbage is one of the most important vegetables grown both in poland and worldwide. cabbage contains considerable amounts of bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, vitamin c, carotenoids, and polyphenols. some experiments indicate that vegetables from organic production contain more bioactive compounds than those from conventional production, however, only a few studies have been conducted on cruciferous plants. the presented study has proved that organic fresh cabbage, compared to th ...201728838245
in vitro bile acid binding capacities of red leaf lettuce and cruciferous vegetables.in the present study, we tested the bile acid binding capacity of red leaf lettuce, red cabbage, red kale, green kale, and brussels sprouts through in vitro digestion process by simulating mouth, gastric, and intestinal digestion using six bile acids at physiological ph. green and red kale exhibited significantly higher (86.5 ± 2.9 and 89.7 ± 0.9%, respectively) bile acid binding capacity compared to the other samples. further, three different compositions of bile acids were tested to understand ...201728812344
two likely targets for the anti-cancer effect of indole derivatives from cruciferous vegetables: pi3k/akt/mtor signalling pathway and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.diets containing high quantities of plant foods are linked with a decreased likelihood of incidence of cancer. several common plant-based dietary components exert effects on dna methylation levels, and can positively influence genome stability and the transcription of tumor suppressors and oncogenes. indole-3-carbinol (i3c) is a substance present in vegetables of the brassicaeae family, especially broccoli, white cabbage, brussels sprouts and cauliflower. the in vivo biological effects of i3c ar ...028596013
anthocyanin rich extract of brassica oleracea l. alleviates experimentally induced myocardial infarction.cardioprotective potential of anthocyanin rich red cabbage extract (arce) was assessed in h2o2 treated rat neonatal cardiomyoblasts (h9c2 cells) and isoproterenol (iso) induced rodent model of myocardial infarction. h2o2 treated h9c2 cells recorded cytotoxicity (48-50%) and apoptosis (57.3%), the same were reduced in presence of arce (7-10% & 12.3% respectively). rats pretreated with arce for 30 days followed by iso treatment recorded favourable heart: body weight ratio as compared to iso treate ...201728763488
inhibitory potential of red cabbage against digestive enzymes linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes.assays of the inhibitory potential against enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid digestion (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase) as well as the total contents of phenolics and anthocyanins, anthocyanin profile, and antioxidant capacity revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between five varieties of red cabbage. among the varieties, the highest inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (ic50 = 3.87 ± 0.12 mg dry weight (dw) of cabbage/ml) and lipase (ic50 = 1.57 ± 0.06 mg dw/ml) was e ...201728753316
diamondback moth in ukraine: current status and potential for use biological control agents.the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xillostella (linnaeus) (lepidoptera: plutellidae) is the insect pest damaging cabbage in ukraine, especially in the southern region. biology, damage, population dynamics of diamondback moth and effect of natural enemies on the level of infestation of this pest by parasitoids and pathogens were studied in 2004-2007 in the laboratory and field conditions. obtained results show that in general the pest has 2-3 generations, although up to 5-6 can evolve in the so ...200920222594
dietary phytochemicals promote health by enhancing antioxidant defence in a pig model.phytochemical-rich diets are protective against chronic diseases and mediate their protective effect by regulation of oxidative stress (os). however, it is proposed that under some circumstances, phytochemicals can promote production of reactive oxygen species (ros) in vitro, which might drive os-mediated signalling. here, we investigated the effects of administering single doses of extracts of red cabbage and grape skin to pigs. blood samples taken at baseline and 30 min intervals for 4 hours f ...201728708113
aba signalling manipulation suppresses senescence of a leafy vegetable stored at room temperature.postharvest senescence and associated stresses limit the shelf life and nutritional value of vegetables. improved understanding of these processes creates options for better management. after harvest, controlled exposure to abiotic stresses and/or exogenous phytohormones can enhance nutraceutical, organoleptic and commercial longevity traits. with leaf senescence, abscisic acid (aba) contents progressively rise, but the actual biological functions of this hormone through senescence still need to ...201728703416
characterization and cytotoxic activity of apoptosis-inducing pierisin-5 protein from white cabbage butterfly.in this study, caspase-dependent apoptosis-inducing pierisin-5 gene was identified and characterized from cabbage white butterfly, pieris canidia. a thousand-fold increase in expression of pierisin-5 gene was observed from second to third instar larvae, gradually decreasing before pupation. pierisin-5 was purified from the fifth-instar larvae and was found to exhibit cytotoxicity against hela and hepg2 human cancer cell lines. pierisin-5 showed growth inhibition and several morphological changes ...201626812112
the influence of postharvest uv-c treatment on anthocyanin biosynthesis in fresh-cut red cabbage.red cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata f. rubra dc.) is a fresh edible vegetable consumed globally that contains high levels of antioxidant compounds including anthocyanins. in this study, fresh-cut red cabbage was treated with different ultraviolet-c (uv-c) dosages. fifteen cyanidin derivatives were observed in uv-c treated fresh-cut red cabbage; four of these were anthocyanins absent in control samples. the optimum dose of uv-c for enhancing total anthocyanin content in fresh-cut red ...201728701702
inhibitory effects of delphinidin on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells via pi3k/akt and erk 1/2 mapk signal transduction.delphinidin is a member of the anthocyanidin family and is a natural pigment in red cabbage, berries, sweet potatoes and grapes. it possesses nutraceutical properties against various chronic diseases and types of cancer. however, little is known about its preventative effects on epithelial ovarian cancer, a disease that is associated with a low survival rate, a poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence. the results of the present study demonstrated that the proliferation of skov3 cells decrea ...201728693237
molar absorptivity (ε) and spectral characteristics of cyanidin-based anthocyanins from red cabbage.red cabbage extract contains mono and di-acylated cyanidin (cy) anthocyanins and is often used as food colorants. our objectives were to determine the molar absorptivity (ε) of different red cabbage cy-derivatives and to evaluate their spectral behaviors in acidified methanol (meoh) and buffers ph 1-9. major red cabbage anthocyanins were isolated using a semi-preparatory hplc, dried and weighed. pigments were dissolved in meoh and diluted with either meoh (0.1% hcl) or buffers to obtain final co ...201626617032
isothiocyanates, nitriles, and epithionitriles from glucosinolates are affected by genotype and developmental stage in brassica oleracea varieties.vegetables of the brassica oleracea group, such as broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage, play an important role for glucosinolate consumption in the human diet. upon maceration of the vegetable tissue, glucosinolates are degraded enzymatically to form volatile isothiocyanates, nitriles, and epithionitriles. however, only the uptake of isothiocyanates is linked to the cancer-preventive effects. thus, it is of great interest to evaluate especially the isothiocyanate formation. here, we studied the f ...201728690627
serum metabolomics reveals the mechanistic role of functional foods and exercise for obesity management in rats.obesity is one of the independent risk factors for several health problems, leading to metabolic perturbations and for which analytical approaches i.e., "metabolomics" is needed to monitor the underlying metabolic changes. in this study, obesity associated changes were assessed via serum metabolites analysis of obese rats fed on high fat diet. obese rats were subsequently treated with different functional foods used for obesity management including pomegranate, grapefruit, and red cabbage in par ...201728500980
development of a comprehensive flavonoid analysis computational tool for ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-high-resolution accurate mass-mass spectrometry data.liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry methods, especially ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and high-resolution accurate-mass multistage mass spectrometry (uhplc-dad-hram/msn), have become the tool-of-the-trade for profiling flavonoids in foods. however, manually processing acquired uhplc-dad-hram/msn data for flavonoid analysis is very challenging and highly expertise-dependent due to the complexities of the chemical structures of the flavonoid ...201728648061
screening of the anthocyanin profile and in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibition by anthocyanin-containing extracts of fruits, vegetables, legumes and cereals.the phytotherapic treatment of overweight and/or moderate obesity is growing widely, thus there is a great interest towards the phenolic compounds of fruits and vegetables which may inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme. in this study, we report the chemical composition and in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of 13 freeze-dried anthocyanin-containing extracts of different mediterranean plants: fruits (blood orange, pomegranate, blackberry, mulberry and sumac), citrus by-products (blood ora ...026970531
cabbage juices and indoles modulate the expression profile of ahr, erα, and nrf2 in human breast cell lines.our previous studies showed the diversified effect of cabbage juices and indoles on the estrogen metabolism key enzymes (cyp1a1, cyp1a2, cyp1b1) in breast epithelial cells differing in er status, i.e., in tumorigenic-mcf7, mda-mb-231 and non-tumorigenic-mcf10a cells. the aim of the present study was to further investigate the mechanism of chemopreventive action of cabbage juice and its active components by evaluating their effect on the expression of ahr, erα, and nrf2 using the same treatment r ...201526399169
practices and health perception of preparation of brassica vegetables: translating survey data to technological and nutritional implications.food preparation practices are known to have large nutritional implications on the final product. this article describes survey data on preparation practices of brassica vegetables and the translation of these data into technological and nutritional implications using knowledge on the mechanisms of changes in the content of phytochemicals. the survey on preparation practices was performed with food service establishments (n = 123) and households (n = 477) in semarang, indonesia, and assessed the ...026171631
how efficient is apis cerana (hymenoptera: apidae) in pollinating cabbage, brassica oleracea var. capitata? pollination behavior, pollinator effectiveness, pollinator requirement, and impact of pollination.cabbage is a cross-pollinated crop because of sporophytic self-incompatibility, and honey bees play an important role in its pollination. though asian honey bees, apis cerana f., are used in pollination of cabbage, the rate of visitation, behavior, pollinator efficacy, and impact on seed-set are to be determined. apis cerana occupy a share of 19.18% of all the flower visitors of cabbage in natural habitat of north western indian himalayas. pollination behavior in terms of peak activity, flowers ...201728444378
the impact of red cabbage fermentation on bioavailability of anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity of human plasma.the effect of red cabbage fermentation on anthocyanin bioavailability and plasma antioxidant capacity in humans was studied. in a randomized crossover study, 13 volunteers consumed fresh and fermented red cabbage. blood and urine samples were collected before and after consumption. analyses of anthocyanins by hplc-ms/ms and plasma antioxidant capacity by photochemiluminescence assay were conducted. red cabbage products contained 20 different nonacylated and acylated anthocyanins with the main st ...201626213032
comparative studies of al3+ ions and al2o3 nanoparticles on growth and metabolism of cabbage seedlings.in the present study, we compared the effects of al3+ ions and alumina (al2o3) nanoparticles (nps) on growth and biochemical parameters of cabbage seedlings. the seedlings were treated with a=698.8μm al3+ions and a1=101.8μm, a2=253.8μm, a3=507.7μm, a4=1.02mm, a5=2.17mm nps of al2o3 in 700ml hoagland solution. the untreated seedlings were taken as control. it was observed that aluminium ions were phytotoxic and adversely affected seedling growth and biochemical parameters of the test crop with st ...201728602792
red cabbage microgreens lower circulating low-density lipoprotein (ldl), liver cholesterol, and inflammatory cytokines in mice fed a high-fat diet.cardiovascular disease (cvd) is the leading cause of death in the united states, and hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor. population studies, as well as animal and intervention studies, support the consumption of a variety of vegetables as a means to reduce cvd risk through modulation of hypercholesterolemia. microgreens of a variety of vegetables and herbs have been reported to be more nutrient dense compared to their mature counterparts. however, little is known about the effectiveness ...027933986
how accurate are adolescents in portion-size estimation using the computer tool young adolescents' nutrition assessment on computer (yana-c)?computer-administered questionnaires have received increased attention for large-scale population research on nutrition. in belgium-flanders, young adolescents' nutrition assessment on computer (yana-c) has been developed. in this tool, standardised photographs are available to assist in portion-size estimation. the purpose of the present study is to assess how accurate adolescents are in estimating portion sizes of food using yana-c. a convenience sample, aged 11-17 years, estimated the amounts ...020128939
effects of hydroxycinnamic acids on blue color expression of cyanidin derivatives and their metal chelates.mechanisms to recreate many anthocyanin blue hues in nature are not fully understood, but interactions with metal ions and phenolic compounds are thought to play important roles. bluing effects of hydroxycinnamic acids on cyanidin and chelates were investigated by addition of the acids to triglycosylated cyanidin (0-50×[anthocyanin]) and by comparison to hydroxycinnamic acid monoacylated and diacylated cy fractions by spectrophotometry (380-700nm) and colorimetry in ph 5-8. with no metal ions, λ ...201728551216
recessive male sterility in cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) caused by loss of function of bocyp704b1 due to the insertion of a ltr-retrotransposon.the ltr-retrotransposon insertion in bocyp704b1 is proved to be the primary cause of the male sterility in cabbage. effective allele-specific markers were developed for marker-assisted selection of male sterile gene. 83121a is a spontaneous male sterile mutant identified from cabbage. genetic analysis indicated that male sterility is controlled by a single recessive gene. pollen wall formation in the 83121a mutant was severely defective, with a lack of sporopollenin or exine. to understand the m ...201728405714
rats' urinary metabolomes reveal the potential roles of functional foods and exercise in obesity management.the complexity of the metabolic changes in obese individuals still presents a challenge for the understanding of obesity-related metabolic disruptions and for obesity management. in this study, a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (gc-ms) based metabolomics approach targeting urine metabolism has been applied to assess the potential roles of functional foods and exercise for obesity management in rats. male albino rats diagnosed as obese via histopathology and biochemical assays were administe ...201728197590
the optimisation of traditional fermentation process of white cabbage (in relation to biogenic amines and polyamines content and microbiological profile).white cabbage heads cultivar "futoški" and hybrid "bravo" were investigated during fermentation process, for 50days, at different temperature regimes (16-18; 18-20; 20-22°c) and salt concentrations 1, 1.5 and 2%. the quantity of biogenic amines (tryptamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, serotonine, tyramine, spermidine and spermine), as well as microbiological profile (lactic acid bacteria, total number of microorganisms, yeasts and moulds and enterobacteriaceae) have been ...201525172737
genistein: a novel anthocyanin synthesis promoter that directly regulates biosynthetic genes in red cabbage in a light-dependent way.genistein (gnt), an isoflavone, is used in the clinical treatment of various health disorders. gnt is found in primary food source plants and some medical plants. however, studies on the functions of gnt in plants are rarely reported. in this study, we demonstrated that gnt plays an important role in promoting anthocyanin accumulation in red cabbage. gnt solutions (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/l) as foliar fertilizers were applied to red cabbage. consequently, anthocyanin accumulation in red cabbag ...201627990149
chemoenzymatic synthesis of fluorogenic phospholipids and evaluation in assays of phospholipases a, c and d.phospholipases are ubiquitous in nature and the target of significant research aiming at both their physiological roles and technical applications in e.g. the food industry. in the search for sensitive and selective phospholipase assays, we have focused on synthetic fret (förster resonance energy transfer) substrates. this has led to the development of a facile, easily scalable and low cost synthesis of fluorogenic phospholipids featuring the dansyl/dabcyl fluorophore/quencher-pair on the fatty ...201727964890
domestic cooking methods affect the nutritional quality of red cabbage.the aim of this work is to investigate the effects of domestic cooking methods, including steaming, microwave heating, boiling and stir-frying on the nutritional quality of red cabbage. compared with fresh-cut red cabbage, all cooking methods were found to cause significant reduction in anthocyanin and total glucosinolates contents. moreover, steaming resulted in significantly greater retention of vitamin c and dpph radical-scavenging activity, while stir-frying and boiling, two popular chinese ...201424837935
enhanced chemoprevention by the combined treatment of pterostilbene and lupeol in b[a]p-induced mouse skin tumorigenesis.the present study is aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the combination of two phytochemicals; pterostilbeneand lupeol (generally obtained from blue berries, grapes, white cabbage, green pepper, olive and mangoes) on mouse skin tumorigenesis. we hypothesized that the concomitant topical treatment of selected phytochemicals would lead to improved impediment of skin cancer. swiss albino mice (n = 25) received a topical dose of benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p, 5 μg/animal) with pre/post application o ...201727836749
application of a new version of ga-rbf neural network for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of zn(ii), fe(ii), co(ii) and cu(ii) in real samples: an exploratory study of their complexation abilities toward mtb.the current study for the first time is devoted to the application of whole space genetic algorithm-radial basis function network (wsga-rbfn) method to determine the content micro minerals of zn(2+), fe(2+), co(2+) and cu(2+) based on their complexes formation with methylthymol blue (mtb) spectrophotometrically in various pharmaceutical products and vegetable samples. advantage of wsga-rbfn compared to ga-rbfn is that centers can be located in any point of the samples spaces. initially, the para ...201627591591
effectively simultaneous naked-eye detection of cu(ii), pb(ii), al(iii) and fe(iii) using cyanidin extracted from red cabbage as chelating agent.simultaneous determination of cu(ii), pb(ii), al(iii) and fe(iii) using cyanidin as a chelating agent was investigated in terms of both quantitative and qualitative detections. cyanidin was extracted and purified from red cabbage which is a local plant in thailand. the selectivity of this method was examined by regulating the ph of cyanidin solution operated together with masking agents. it was found that cu(ii), pb(ii), al(iii) and fe(iii) simultaneously responded with the color change at ph 7, ...201424594882
improving dyeability of modified cotton fabrics by the natural aqueous extract from red cabbage using ultrasonic energy.the concern regarding sustainable utilization of available resources is growing due to its global importance. in this paper, the dyeability of cotton fabrics with natural colorant extracted from red cabbage was improved by applying cationic groups on cotton fibers. modification of cotton was carried using acid tannic, rewin os, denitex bc and sera fast as cationic agents. the dyeing process was done by ultrasonic energy. the effects of the cationising agent amount, the dye bath ph, the dyeing te ...201627577920
potential properties of plant sprout extracts on amyloid β.the aim of this study is to examine the amyloid β (aβ) inhibition mechanism of plant sprouts' aqueous extracts (psae). in this study, we screened the effects of five plant sprouts' extracts on aβ (1-42) structure modification using gel electrophoresis. in psae, no band of aβ monomer was recognized in japanese butterbur. similarly, the aβ monomer band became light in buckwheat, red cabbage, broccoli, and brussels. the neuroprotective effects of psae were evaluated by measuring levels of aβ in mix ...201627429807
in vivo real-time monitoring of aphrodisiac pheromone release of small white cabbage butterflies (pieris rapae).the study of insect behavior is of practical importance for developing possible control methods in integrated pest management. currently, one model of butterfly mating behavior suggests that the initial location of potential mates occurs visually followed by the release of one or more short-range male aphrodisiac pheromones. this model is supported by data obtained from field observations and inferences based on the behavioral effects of chemicals extracted or isolated using indirect and offline ...201727405008
the brassica epithionitrile 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane triggers cell death in human liver cancer cells in vitro.glucosinolates are secondary metabolites present in brassica vegetables. alkenyl glucosinolates are enzymatically degraded forming nitriles or isothiocyanates, but in the presence of epithiospecifier protein, epithionitriles are released. however, studies on the occurrence of epithionitriles in brassica food and knowledge about their biological effects are scarce.026251050
stability of glucosinolates and glucosinolate degradation products during storage of boiled white cabbage.the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of storage on the contents of glucosinolates (gls) and their degradation products in a boiled white cabbage. a 24h storage at 4 °c resulted in a decrease in gls content (20-40%, depending on the cooking time applied) in the edible parts. the most significant losses were observed for sinigrin (20-45%), and the least for glucobrassicin (12-32%). storage had a diversified effect on gls breakdown products (indole-3-acetonitrile, indole-3-carbinol, a ...201626948623
irritant contact dermatitis caused by savoy cabbage. 201626690282
rapeseed phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis to phosphatidic acid using plant extracts with phopspholipase d.phosphatidic acid (pa) has a crucial role in cell membrane structure and function. for that reason it has a possible application in the treatment of some health disorders in humans, can be used as a natural and non toxic emulsifier and the component of drug carriers in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics as well as a component for synthesis of some new phospholipids. pa is short-lived in the cell and is difficult to extract directly from the biological material. pa may be easily prepared by hydrolysis ...201526642684
influence of postharvest uv-b treatment and fermentation on secondary plant compounds in white cabbage leaves.the influence of postharvest uv-b on its own and in combination with fermentation (e.g. sauerkraut production) on formation and degradation of bioactive compounds was investigated in white cabbage, processed according to traditional chinese fermentation methods. the pattern of polyphenols was affected by postharvest uv-b: newly formed coumaroylglycoside, feruloylglycoside, caffeoylglycoside (up to 1 mg/g dry matter; 4 days) and quercetintriglycoside (0.4-0.5 mg/gdm; 4 days) might be related to p ...201626616923
red cabbage yield, heavy metal content, water use and soil chemical characteristics under wastewater irrigation.the objective of this 2-year field study was to evaluate the effects of drip irrigation with urban wastewaters reclaimed using primary (filtration) and secondary (filtration and aeration) processes on red cabbage growth and fresh yield, heavy metal content, water use and efficiency and soil chemical properties. filtered wastewater (ww1), filtered and aerated wastewater (ww2), freshwater and filtered wastewater mix (1:1 by volume) (ww3) and freshwater (fw) were investigated as irrigation water tr ...201626611631
application of anthocyanins as natural dye extracted from brassica oleracea l. var. capitata f. rubra: dyeing studies of wool and silk  fibres.brassica oleracea l. var. capitata f. rubra (red cabbage) dye is composed mainly of natural pigment called anthocyanins used as a natural colourant. wool and silk fibres were dyed with the aqueous extract obtained from red cabbage. the dyeing process was investigated and the combined effects of dyeing conditions on the colour yield parameter (k/s) were studied. resulted fastness to wash, rubbing and light of the dyed fabrics were evaluated. chemical oxygen demand (cod) and biological oxygen dema ...201828658976
one pot biosynthesis of gold nps using red cabbage extracts.red cabbage extract was used as reducing agent and capping agent for the synthesis of gold nps. the method developed is environmentally friendly and allows the control of nps shape and size by changing the ph value and the concentration of aqueous red cabbage extract solution.201222159290
regional investigation of a cyclosporiasis outbreak linked to imported romaine lettuce - nebraska and iowa, june-august 2013.a regional, multistate investigation into a june-august 2013 cyclosporiasis outbreak was conducted in nebraska, iowa, and neighbouring states. cases were confirmed on the basis of laboratory and clinical findings. of 227 cases in iowa (n = 140) and nebraska (n = 87) residents, 162 (71%) reported dining at chain a/b restaurants - 96% reported house salad consumption. a case-control study identified chain a/b house salad as the most likely vehicle. traceback was conducted to ascertain production l ...201626489789
analysis of chameleonic change of red cabbage depending on broad ph range for dye-sensitized solar cells.dye-sensitized solar cells (dsscs) were assembled using natural dyes extracted from red cabbage as a sensitizer. in this work, we investigated the adsorption characteristics and the electrochemical behavior for harvesting sunlight and electron transfer in red cabbage dsscs under different solvents and ph. for the red cabbage dye-sensitized electrode adsorbed at ph 3.5, the solar cell yields a short-circuit current density (jsc) of 1.60 ma/cm2, a photovoltage (vcc) of 0.46 v, and a fill factor of ...201526369159
influence of fermentation on glucosinolates and glucobrassicin degradation products in sauerkraut.a systematic investigation was carried out on the influence of fermentation on glucosinolates and their degradation products from fresh raw cabbage, throughout fermentation at 20 °c and storage at 4 °c. glucosinolates were degraded dramatically between day 2 and 5 of fermentation and by day 7 there was no detectable amount of glucosinolates left. fermentation led to formation of potential bioactive compounds ascorbigen (13.0 μmol/100 g fw) and indole-3-carbinol (4.52 μmol/100g fw) with their hig ...201626213035
red cabbage anthocyanins as inhibitors of lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in blood platelets.lps is a gram-negative bacteria endotoxin, which is an important pro-inflammatory agent. blood platelets take part both in inflammatory processes and in pathogenesis of septic shock following accumulation of lps. as a platelet agonist lps causes the intraplatelet overproduction of ros/rns that are responsible for adverse modifications in the structure of platelet compounds being associated with a development of platelet-dependent diseases. existing evidence suggests that anthocyanins (ath) are a ...201526208857
liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with multivariate analysis for the characterization and discrimination of extractable and nonextractable polyphenols and glucosinolates from red cabbage and brussels sprout waste streams.nonextractable polyphenol (nep) fractions are usually ignored because conventional extraction methods do not release them from the plant matrix. in this study, we optimized the conditions for sonicated alkaline hydrolysis to the residues left after conventional polyphenol extraction of brussels sprouts top (80°c, 4m naoh, 30min) and stalks (60°c, 4m naoh, 30min), and red cabbage waste streams (80°c, 4m naoh, 45min) to release and characterize the nep fraction. the nep fractions of brussels sprou ...201526008597
evolution of antioxidants in dietary fiber powder produced from white cabbage outer leaves: effects of blanching and drying methods.white cabbage outer leaves, which are usually discarded both during industrial processing and selling in a consumer market, have proven to be a good source of dietary fiber (df) as well as antioxidants and can be effectively transformed into functional df powder. in the past, however, only hot air drying was used to prepare df powder from cabbage outer leaves although it is well recognized that this drying technique could lead to much quality degradation of a dried product. this work was therefo ...201525829610
analysis of triterpenoids and phytosterols in vegetables by thin-layer chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.three tlc methods were used for an initial screening of some common plant triterpenoids and phytosterols in cuticular wax extracts of different vegetables (zucchini, eggplant, tomato, red pepper, mangold, spinach, lettuce, white-colored radicchio di castelfranco, raddichio leonardo, white cabbage, red cabbage and savoy cabbage). the preliminary experiments showed that the studied vegetables are potential sources of triterpenoids and phytosterols. to identify the compounds present in the extracts ...201525597891
cropping systems and cultural practices determine the rhizoctonia anastomosis groups associated with brassica spp. in vietnam.ninety seven rhizoctonia isolates were collected from different brassica species with typical rhizoctonia symptoms in different provinces of vietnam. the isolates were identified using staining of nuclei and sequencing of the rdna-its barcoding gene. the majority of the isolates were multinucleate r. solani and four isolates were binucleate rhizoctonia belonging to anastomosis groups (ags) ag-a and a new subgroup of a-f that we introduce here as ag-fc on the basis of differences in rdna-its sequ ...201425372406
estimation of scavenging capacity of melatonin and other antioxidants: contribution and evaluation in germinated seeds.seven edible seeds for the levels of melatonin, phenolic compounds and their antioxidant capacity were evaluated during germination process. radical scavenging parameters were also studied in standard antioxidants to understand their antiradical actions. germination brought about significant increases of total phenol compounds in all edible seeds, showing red cabbage, radish and broccoli the highest contents (21.6, 20.4 and 16.4 mg gae/g dw, respectively). the concentration of melatonin is great ...201525306336
changes in the content and composition of anthocyanins in red cabbage and its antioxidant capacity during fermentation, storage and stewing.the effect of fermentation, storage and stewing on the content and composition of anthocyanins as well as antioxidant capacity of red cabbage was studied. the observation of anthocyanins profile by hplc-dad-ms/ms was conducted. red cabbage products contained twenty different nonacylated and acylated anthocyanins with main structure of cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside. treatments applied affected concentration and profile of red cabbage anthocyanins. anthocyanins content was reduced by 24%, 25% ...201525148967
comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatographic analysis of anthocyanins.anthocyanins are naturally occurring plant pigments whose accurate analysis is hampered by their complexity and unique chromatographic behaviour associated with on-column conversion reactions. this paper reports the evaluation of off-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (lc×lc) for the analysis of anthocyanins. hydrophilic interaction chromatography (hilic) was used in the first dimension in combination with reversed phase liquid chromatography (rp-lc) in the second dimension ...201425113871
nitrate and nitrite levels in commonly consumed vegetables in hong kong.levels of nitrate and nitrite in 73 different vegetables, a total of 708 individual samples grouped into leafy, legumes, root and tuber, and fruiting vegetables, which are traded mainly in hong kong, were measured. where available, five samples of each vegetable type were purchased from different commercial outlets during the winter of 2008 and summer of 2009. levels of nitrate and nitrite were determined by ion chromatography and flow injection analysis, respectively. nitrate and nitrite levels ...201124779660
efficacy of combination treatment with sodium metasilicate and sodium hypochlorite for inactivation of norovirus on fresh vegetables.in recent years, fresh vegetables have frequently been associated with the foodborne transmission of enteric viruses, such as human norovirus (nov). therefore, several studies have focused on developing methods to inactivate foodborne viruses for preventing outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. sodium hypochlorite (naocl) is commonly used as a disinfectant, but results in undesirable effects on the appearance and taste of foods and can generate toxic byproducts when it exceeds the allowable concentr ...201729068710
tas2r38 and ca6 genetic polymorphisms, frequency of bitter food intake, and blood biomarkers among elderly woman.taste sensitivity is one of the most important biological determinants of food choice. three snps of the tas2r38 gene (rs713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939) give rise to two common haplotypes: pav and avi. these haplotypes, as well as an snp within the ca6 gene (rs2274333) that encodes carbonic anhydrase vi (ca6), correlate with bitterness perception. the extent of consumption of bitter food may influence some health outcomes. the aim of this study is thus to investigate the impact of the tas2r38 ...028455260
lupeol, a novel anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer dietary triterpene.in the western world, an average of 250 mg per day of triterpenes (member of phytosterol family), largely derived from vegetable oils, cereals, fruits and vegetables is consumed by humans. during the last decade, there has been an unprecedented escalation of interest in triterpenes due to their cholesterol-lowering properties and evidence of this phenomenon include at least 25 clinical studies, 20 patents and at least 10 major commercially triterpene-based products currently being sold all aroun ...019464787
selecting sprouts of brassicaceae for optimum phytochemical composition.cruciferous foods (brassicaceae spp.) are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. edible sprouts are becoming popular fresh foods and, therefore, the phytochemical profiling of nine varieties of brassicaceae (broccoli, kohlrabi, red cabbage, rutabaga, turnip, turnip greens, radish, garden cress, and white mustard) was evaluated for this purpose. the glucosinolates in seeds were significantly higher than in sprouts, and day 8 of germination was considered the optimum for consumption. the sprou ...201223061899
comparative persistence of pesticides on selected cultivars of specialty vegetables.the behavior and dissipation of several pesticides on selected cultivars of specialty vegetable crops were compared to determine appropriate preharvest intervals for compliance with maximum residue limits. to reduce application variability, a tank mix of pesticides was applied for each trial. residues of eight pesticides applied to bok choi, chinese broccoli, and fuzzy squash were similar for the two leafy vegetables; residues were higher than on squash because of the latter's larger mass-to-sur ...200312590477
pressurized solvent extraction and monolithic column-hplc/dad analysis of anthocyanins in red cabbage.the aim of this work was to develop a fast method for extraction and analysis of anthocyanins in red cabbage. pressurized hot water containing 5% of ethanol was used as an extremely efficient extraction solvent. hplc/dad with a monolithic column was used to accomplish a fast analysis-24 anthocyanin peaks within 18min. statistical design was used to optimize the studied extraction parameters: temperature (80-120 degrees c); sample amount (1-3g); extraction time (6-11min); concentration of formic ...200818371772
lanthanides as substitutes for calcium ions in the activation of plant α-type phospholipase d.most types of phospholipase d (pld) from plants contain a c2 domain and are activated by ca(2+) ions. in this study, other metal ions such as mg(2+), la(3+), ce(3+), tb(3+) and y(3+) were examined as effectors of recombinantly produced α-type pld from white cabbage. all the rare earth ions were able to substitute for ca(2+). the activation curves and displacement experiments reflect a 10- to 50-fold higher affinity of pld for these ions than for ca(2+); however, the maximum activity attained onl ...201424643913
discrimination of conventional and organic white cabbage from a long-term field trial study using untargeted lc-ms-based metabolomics.the influence of organic and conventional farming practices on the content of single nutrients in plants is disputed in the scientific literature. here, large-scale untargeted lc-ms-based metabolomics was used to compare the composition of white cabbage from organic and conventional agriculture, measuring 1,600 compounds. cabbage was sampled in 2 years from one conventional and two organic farming systems in a rigidly controlled long-term field trial in denmark. using orthogonal projection to la ...201424618989
matrix effects on the stability and antioxidant activity of red cabbage anthocyanins under simulated gastrointestinal digestion.red cabbage is, among different vegetables, one of the major sources of anthocyanins. in the present study an in vitro digestion method has been used to assay the influence of the physiological conditions in the stomach and small intestine, as well as faecal microflora on anthocyanins stability in red cabbage and anthocyanin-rich extract. the recovery of anthocyanins during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was strongly influenced by food matrix. the results showed that other constituents pres ...201424575407
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