| curd development associated gene (cdag1) in cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis) could result in enlarged organ size and increased biomass. | the curd is a specialized organ and the most important product organ of cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis). however, the mechanism underlying the regulation of curd formation and development remains largely unknown. in the present study, a novel homologous gene containing the organ size related (osr) domain, namely, cdag1 (curd development associated gene 1) was identified in cauliflower. quantitative analysis indicated that cdag1 showed significantly higher transcript levels in yo ... | 2017 | 27964787 |
| characterization of s-nitrosoglutathione reductase from brassica and lactuca spp. and its modulation during plant development. | cellular homeostasis of s-nitrosoglutathione (gsno), a major cache of nitric oxide bioactivity in plants, is controlled by the nadh-dependent s-nitrosoglutathione reductase (gsnor) belonging to the family of class iii alcohol dehydrogenases (ec 1.1.1.1). gsnor is a key regulator of s-nitrosothiol metabolism and is involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. this study was focused on gsnor from two important crop plants, cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis, bogsnor) and l ... | 2016 | 27940345 |
| lead and cadmium contamination and exposure risk assessment via consumption of vegetables grown in agricultural soils of five-selected regions of pakistan. | rapid urbanization and industrialization result in serious contamination of soil with toxic metals such as lead (pb) and cadmium (cd), which can lead to deleterious health impacts in the exposed population. this study aimed to investigate pb and cd contamination in agricultural soils and vegetables in five different agricultural sites in pakistan. the metal transfer from soil-to-plant, average daily intake of metals, and health risk index (hri) were also characterized. the pb concentrations for ... | 2017 | 27939659 |
| evaluation of antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of white cabbage essential oil. | there have been no reports of the extraction of essential oil (eo) from white cabbage [brassica oleracea l. var. capitata (l.) alef. f. alba dc. (brassicaceae)] (bocfal) or its chemical composition, antioxidant activity, or hepatoprotective effects. | 2017 | 27927070 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping of heat tolerance in broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) using genotyping-by-sequencing. | five quantitative trait loci and one epistatic interaction were associated with heat tolerance in a doubled haploid population of broccoli evaluated in three summer field trials. predicted rising global temperatures due to climate change have generated a demand for crops that are resistant to yield and quality losses from heat stress. broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) is a cool weather crop with high temperatures during production decreasing both head quality and yield. breeding for heat ... | 2017 | 27900399 |
| intake of kale suppresses postprandial increases in plasma glucose: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. | kale (brassica oleracea var. acephala), a vegetable in the family brassicaceae, has beneficial effects on health, including hypoglycemic effects. in our previous study with a limited number of subjects, intake of kale-containing food at a dose of 14 g decreased postprandial plasma glucose levels. in the present study, the effective dose of kale-containing food was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. the trial was conducted on 42 japanese subjects aged ... | 2016 | 27882216 |
| development of a colorimetric ph indicator based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers and red cabbage (brassica oleraceae) extract. | this work aimed to develop and characterize a smart label for ph monitoring based on bacterial cellulose (bc) nanofibers doped with anthocyanins extracted from red cabbage (brassica oleracea). the relationship between the concentration of anthocyanins (32 and 193mgl(-1)) and the morphological properties and color response efficiency of ph indicator labels was investigated. the ft-ir results reflected that some new interactions have occurred between bc membrane and anthocyanins. the xrd analyses ... | 2017 | 27842814 |
| improving respiration measurements with gas exchange analyzers. | dark respiration measurements with open-flow gas exchange analyzers are often questioned for their low accuracy as their low values often reach the precision limit of the instrument. respiration was measured in five species, two hypostomatous (vitis vinifera l. and acanthus mollis) and three amphistomatous, one with similar amount of stomata in both sides (eucalyptus citriodora) and two with different stomata density (brassica oleracea and vicia faba). co2 differential (δco2) increased two-fold ... | 2016 | 27835767 |
| the pangenome of an agronomically important crop plant brassica oleracea. | there is an increasing awareness that as a result of structural variation, a reference sequence representing a genome of a single individual is unable to capture all of the gene repertoire found in the species. a large number of genes affected by presence/absence and copy number variation suggest that it may contribute to phenotypic and agronomic trait diversity. here we show by analysis of the brassica oleracea pangenome that nearly 20% of genes are affected by presence/absence variation. sever ... | 2016 | 27834372 |
| environmental surveillance of commonly-grown vegetables for investigating potential lead and chromium contamination intensification in bangladesh. | with regard to previously reported lead (pb) and chromium (cr) contamination in egg, a semi-quantitative assessment of the general environment of bangladesh is carried out through nation-wide sampling of commonly grown and consumed vegetables. five vegetables, namely, white potato (solanum tuberosum), green cabbage (brassica oleracea capitata var. alba l.), red spinach (amaranthus dubius), white radish (raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus), and green bean (phaseolus vulgaris) were selected for s ... | 2016 | 27812443 |
| effects of population-related variation in plant primary and secondary metabolites on aboveground and belowground multitrophic interactions. | insects feeding on aboveground and belowground tissues can influence each other through their shared plant and this is often mediated by changes in plant chemistry. we examined the effects of belowground root fly (delia radicum) herbivory on the performance of an aboveground herbivore (plutella xylostella) and its endoparasitoid wasp (cotesia vestalis). insects were reared on three populations of wild cabbage (brassica oleracea) plants, exhibiting qualitative and quantitative differences in root ... | 2016 | 27795618 |
| atrazine-resistant cytoplasmic male-sterile-nigra broccoli obtained by protoplast fusion between cytoplasmic male-sterile brassica oleracea and atrazine-resistant brassica campestris. | protoplast fusion was used to combine the cytoplasmic traits of atrazine resistance and male sterility in brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli). leaf protoplasts from broccoli with the petaloid b. nigra type of cytoplasmic male sterility were fused with hypocotyl protoplasts from an atrazine-resistant biotype of b. campestris var. oleifera cv candle (oilseed rape). a total of 19 colonies regenerated shoots, all of which were broccolilike in phenotype, i.e., lacked trichomes. four shoots, all ... | 1991 | 24202359 |
| synthesis of male sterile, triazine-resistant brassica napus by somatic hybridization between cytoplasmic male sterile b. oleracea and atrazine-resistant b. campestris. | fusion of leaf protoplasts from an inbred line of brassica oleracea ssp. botrytis (cauliflower, n=9) carrying the ogura (r1) male sterile cytoplasm with hypocotyl protoplasts of b. campestris ssp. oleifera (cv "candle", n=10) carrying an atrazine-resistant (atr) cytoplasm resulted in the production of synthetic b. napus (n=19). thirty-four somatic hybrids were produced; they were characterized for morphology, phosphoglucose isomerase isoenzymes, ribosomal dna hybridization patterns, chromosome n ... | 1989 | 24227255 |
| analysis of organelle genomes in a somatic hybrid derived from cytoplasmic male-sterile brassica oleracea and atrazine-resistant b. campestris. | an atrazine-resistant, male-fertile brassica napus plant was synthesized by fusion of protoplasts from the diploid species b. oleracea and b. campestris. leaf protoplasts from b. oleracea var. italica carrying the ogura male-sterile cytoplasm derived from raphanus sativus were fused with etiolated hypocotyl protoplasts of atrazine-resistant b. campestris. the selection procedure was based on the inability of b. campestris protoplasts to regenerate in the media used, and the reduction of light-in ... | 1987 | 24241666 |
| evaluation of various soaking agents as a novel tool for pesticide residues mitigation from cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis). | the increasing use of pesticides for boosting the yield of agricultural crops also impart toxic residues which ultimately extend to numerous physiological disorders upon consumption. the present study was designed as an effort to assess the reduction potential of various chemical solutions and to minimize the pesticide residues in cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis). the samples were soaked in various solutions along with tap water to mitigate pesticide residues. afterwards, the extrac ... | 2016 | 27784925 |
| exogenous methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid induce subspecies-specific patterns of glucosinolate accumulation and gene expression in brassica oleracea l. | glucosinolates have anti-carcinogenic properties. in the recent decades, the genetics of glucosinolate biosynthesis has been widely studied, however, the expression of specific genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis under exogenous phytohormone treatment has not been explored at the subspecies level in brassica oleracea. such data are vital for strategies aimed at selective exploitation of glucosinolate profiles. this study quantified the expression of 38 glucosinolate biosynthesis-related ... | 2016 | 27783045 |
| influence of sulforaphane metabolites on activities of human drug-metabolizing cytochrome p450 and determination of sulforaphane in human liver cells. | the influence of metabolites of sulforaphane, natural compounds present in broccoli (brassica oleracea var. botrytis italica) and in other cruciferous vegetables, on drug-metabolizing cytochrome p450 (cyp) enzymes in human liver microsomes and possible entry of sulforaphane into human hepatic cells were investigated. metabolites studied are compounds derived from sulforaphane by the mercapturic acid pathway (conjugation with glutathione and by following reactions), namely sulforaphane glutathion ... | 2016 | 27779894 |
| comparative transcriptome analyses reveal a special glucosinolate metabolism mechanism in brassica alboglabra sprouts. | brassica sprouts contain abundant phytochemicals, especially glucosinolates (gss). various methods have been used to enhance gs content in sprouts. however, the molecular basis of gs metabolism in sprouts remains an open question. here we employed rna-seq analysis to compare the transcriptomes of high-gs (jl-08) and low-gs (jl-09) brassica alboglabra sprouts. paired-end illumina rna-seq reads were generated and mapped to the brassica oleracea reference genome. the differentially expressed genes ... | 2016 | 27757119 |
| plant-mediated interactions between two herbivores differentially affect a subsequently arriving third herbivore in populations of wild cabbage. | plants are part of biodiverse communities and frequently suffer from attack by multiple herbivorous insects. plant responses to these herbivores are specific for insect feeding guilds: aphids and caterpillars induce different plant phenotypes. moreover, plants respond differentially to single or dual herbivory, which may cascade into a chain of interactions in terms of resistance to other community members. whether differential responses to single or dual herbivory have consequences for plant re ... | 2016 | 27492059 |
| effects of seed priming, salinity and methyl jasmonate treatment on bioactive composition of brassica oleracea var. capitata (white and red varieties) sprouts. | brassica spp. sprouts are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, especially glucosinolates and phenolic acid derivatives, and the composition of these young germinating seeds can be altered by several external factors. in this study two cabbage varieties (brassica oleracea var. capitata, red and white) were studied using seed priming (kcl 50 mmol l(-1) ; nacl 150 mmol l(-1) ) and meja spraying (25 µmol l(-1) ) to elicit the phytochemical content of edible sprouts. | 2016 | 27625158 |
| corrigendum: transcriptomic comparison between brassica oleracea and rice (oryza sativa) reveals diverse modulations on cell death in response to sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | | 2016 | 27721501 |
| proteomic response of inflammatory stimulated intestinal epithelial cells to in vitro digested plums and cabbages rich in carotenoids and polyphenols. | due to their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, polyphenol and carotenoid-rich plant foods have been suggested as promising phytochemicals in the prevention of or as adjuvants regarding inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). in the present study, we investigated whether plum (italian plum, prunus cocomilla), or cabbage (kale, brassica oleracea var. sabellica), selected for their high phytochemical content, are able to reduce inflammation in cellular models of the intestinal epithelium, em ... | 2016 | 27711906 |
| map-based cloning of the dominant genic male sterile ms-cd1 gene in cabbage (brassica oleracea). | using map-based cloning, we delimited the ms - cd1 gene responsible for the male sterile phenotype in b. oleracea to an approximately 39-kb fragment. expression analysis suggests that a new predicted gene, a homolog of the arabidopsis sied1 gene, is a potential candidate gene. a dominant genic male sterile (dgms) mutant 79-399-3 in brassica oleracea (b. oleracea) is controlled by a single gene named ms-cd1, which was genetically mapped on chromosome c09. the derived dgms lines of 79-399-3 have b ... | 2017 | 27704179 |
| biotransformation of acetoin to 2,3-butanediol: assessment of plant and microbial biocatalysts. | 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bd) is a valuable bulk chemical owing to its extensive application in chemical and pharmaceutical industry with diverse applications in drug, cosmetics and food products. in the present study, the biotransformation of acetoin to 2,3-bd by five plant species (brassica oleracea, brassica rapa, daucuscarota, pastinaca sativa, and raphnussativus) and five microorganisms (aspergillusfoetidus, penicillumcitrinum, saccharomyces carlbergensis, pichiafermentans, and rhodotrulaglutinis ... | 2016 | 27651816 |
| atmospheric transformation of plant volatiles disrupts host plant finding. | plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (vocs) play important roles in plant-insect interactions. atmospheric pollutants such as ozone (o3) can react with vocs and affect the dynamics and fidelity of these interactions. however, the effects of atmospheric degradation of plant vocs on plant-insect interactions remains understudied. we used a system comprising brassica oleracea subsp. capitata (cabbage) and the specialist herbivore plutella xylostella to test whether o3-triggered voc degradation ... | 2016 | 27651113 |
| transcriptomic comparison between brassica oleracea and rice (oryza sativa) reveals diverse modulations on cell death in response to sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | sclerotinia stem rot caused by sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating disease of brassica crops, but not in rice. the leaves of a rice line, a partial resistant (r) and a susceptible (s) brassica oleracea pool that bulked from a resistance-segregating f2 population were employed for transcriptome sequencing before and after inoculation by s. sclerotiorum for 6 and 12 h. distinct transcriptome profiles were revealed between b. oleracea and rice in response to s. sclerotiorum. enrichment analys ... | 2016 | 27647523 |
| brussels sprout decapitation yields larger sprouts of superior quality. | a common technological practice in brussels sprouts (brassica oleracea l. var. gemmifera) production is the removal of apical plant section a few weeks before harvest in order to promote the development of auxiliary buds (sprouts) and ensure higher yields. it is well-known that this measure positively influences the size of the sprouts, but until now no study has focused on the effect of decapitation on the content of primary and secondary metabolites in brussels sprouts. plants were decapitated ... | 2016 | 27626626 |
| overexpression of atedt1/hdg11 in chinese kale (brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) enhances drought and osmotic stress tolerance. | plants are constantly challenged by environmental stresses, including drought and high salinity. improvement of drought and osmotic stress tolerance without yield decrease has been a great challenge in crop improvement. the arabidopsis enhanced drought tolerance1/homeodomain glabrous11 (atedt1/hdg11), a protein of the class iv hd-zip family, has been demonstrated to significantly improve drought tolerance in arabidopsis, rice, and pepper. here, we report that atedt1/hdg11 confers drought and osm ... | 2016 | 27625663 |
| genetic and epigenetic alterations of brassica nigra introgression lines from somatic hybridization: a resource for cauliflower improvement. | broad phenotypic variations were obtained previously in derivatives from the asymmetric somatic hybridization of cauliflower "korso" (brassica oleracea var. botrytis, 2n = 18, cc genome) and black mustard "g1/1" (brassica nigra, 2n = 16, bb genome). however, the mechanisms underlying these variations were unknown. in this study, 28 putative introgression lines (ils) were pre-selected according to a series of morphological (leaf shape and color, plant height and branching, curd features, and flow ... | 2016 | 27625659 |
| population analysis of the genera buildup on some commercially important vegetable crops grown in kashmir valley. | in order to list the genera buildup on brassica oleracea (cauliflower), capsicum frustscens (chillies), spinacia oleracea (spinach) and phaseolus vulgaris (farash bean) a general survey was carried in the summer season of 2013. on examining the soil samples as well as root samples of cauliflower boleodorus, psilenchus, helicotylenchus, merlinius, aglenchus and filenchus were encountered with their absolute density of 18, 31, 34.5, 35, 35 and 31.5 %. on chillies, tylenchus, helicotylenchus, psile ... | 2016 | 27605801 |
| circulating plant mirnas can regulate human gene expression in vitro. | while brassica oleracea vegetables have been linked to cancer prevention, the exact mechanism remains unknown. regulation of gene expression by cross-species micrornas has been previously reported; however, its link to cancer suppression remains unexplored. in this study we address both issues. we confirm plant micrornas in human blood in a large nutrigenomics study cohort and in a randomized dose-controlled trial, finding a significant positive correlation between the daily amount of broccoli c ... | 2016 | 27604570 |
| different narrow-band light ranges alter plant secondary metabolism and plant defense response to aphids. | light of different wavelengths affects various physiological processes in plants. short-wavelength radiation (like uv) can activate defense pathways in plants and enhance the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (such as flavonoids and glucosinolates) responsible for resistance against certain herbivorous insects. the intensity of light-induced, metabolite-based resistance is plant- and insect species-specific and depends on herbivore feeding guild and specialization. in this study, broccoli (b ... | 2016 | 27589867 |
| phytohormone profile in lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea plants grown under zn deficiency. | phytohormones, structurally diverse compounds, are involved in multiple processes within plants, such as controlling plant growth and stress response. zn is an essential micronutrient for plants and its deficiency causes large economic losses in crops. therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the role of phytohormones in the zn-deficiency response of two economically important species, i.e. lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea. for this, these two species were grown hydroponically wit ... | 2016 | 27543253 |
| nutraceutical improvement increases the protective activity of broccoli sprout juice in a human intestinal cell model of gut inflammation. | benefits to health from a high consumption of fruits and vegetables are well established and have been attributed to bioactive secondary metabolites present in edible plants. however, the effects of specific health-related phytochemicals within a complex food matrix are difficult to assess. in an attempt to address this problem, we have used elicitation to improve the nutraceutical content of seedlings of brassica oleracea grown under controlled conditions. analysis, by lc-ms, of the glucosinola ... | 2016 | 27529258 |
| subgenome parallel selection is associated with morphotype diversification and convergent crop domestication in brassica rapa and brassica oleracea. | brassica species, including crops such as cabbage, turnip and oilseed, display enormous phenotypic variation. brassica genomes have all undergone a whole-genome triplication (wgt) event with unknown effects on phenotype diversification. we resequenced 199 brassica rapa and 119 brassica oleracea accessions representing various morphotypes and identified signals of selection at the mesohexaploid subgenome level. for cabbage morphotypes with their typical leaf-heading trait, we identified four subg ... | 2016 | 27526322 |
| in-depth analysis of internal control genes for quantitative real-time pcr in brassica oleracea var. botrytis. | quantitative reverse-transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) is a versatile technique for the analysis of gene expression. the selection of stable reference genes is essential for the application of this technique. cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis) is a commonly consumed vegetable that is rich in vitamin, calcium, and iron. thus far, to our knowledge, there have been no reports on the validation of suitable reference genes for the data normalization of qrt-pcr in cauliflower. in the present s ... | 2016 | 27525844 |
| glutathione transferases superfamily: cold-inducible expression of distinct gst genes in brassica oleracea. | plants, as sessile organisms, can suffer serious growth and developmental consequences under cold stress conditions. glutathione transferases (gsts, ec 2.5.1.18) are ubiquitous and multifunctional conjugating proteins, which play a major role in stress responses by preventing oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ros). currently, understanding of their function(s) during different biochemical and signaling pathways under cold stress condition remain unclear. in this study, using combined ... | 2016 | 27472324 |
| modification of leaf glucosinolate contents in brassica oleracea by divergent selection and effect on expression of genes controlling glucosinolate pathway. | modification of the content of secondary metabolites opens the possibility of obtaining vegetables enriched in these compounds related to plant defense and human health. we report the first results of a divergent selection for glucosinolate (gsl) content of the three major gsl in leaves: sinigrin (sin), glucoiberin (gib), and glucobrassicin (gbs) in order to develop six kale genotypes (brassica oleracea var. acephala) with high (hsin, higib, hgbs) and low (lsin, lgib, lgbs) content. the aims wer ... | 2016 | 27471510 |
| feeding guild of non-host community members affects host-foraging efficiency of a parasitic wasp. | interactions between predator and prey, or parasitoid and host, are shaped by trait- and density-mediated processes involving other community members. parasitoids that lay their eggs in herbivorous insects locate their hosts through infochemicals such as herbivore-induced plant volatiles (hipvs) and host-produced kairomones. hosts are frequently accompanied by non-host herbivores that are unsuitable for the parasitoid. these non-hosts may interfere with host location primarily through trait-medi ... | 2016 | 27459770 |
| whole-genome mapping reveals novel qtl clusters associated with main agronomic traits of cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata l.). | we describe a comprehensive quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis for 24 main agronomic traits of cabbage. field experiments were performed using a 196-line double haploid population in three seasons in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate important agronomic traits related to plant type, leaf, and head traits. in total, 144 qtls with lod threshold >3.0 were detected for the 24 agronomic traits: 25 for four plant-type-related traits, 64 for 10 leaf-related traits, and 55 for 10 head-related traits; each ... | 2016 | 27458471 |
| water balance and n-metabolism in broccoli (brassica oleracea l. var. italica) plants depending on nitrogen source under salt stress and elevated co2. | elevated [co2] and salinity in the soils are considered part of the effects of future environmental conditions in arid and semi-arid areas. while it is known that soil salinization decreases plant growth, an increased atmospheric [co2] may ameliorate the negative effects of salt stress. however, there is a lack of information about the form in which inorganic nitrogen source may influence plant performance under both conditions. single factor responses and the interactive effects of two [co2] (3 ... | 2016 | 27450252 |
| comparative expression analysis of calcineurin b-like family gene cbl10a between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars in b. oleracea. | calcineurin b-like proteins (cbls) are plant calcium sensors that play a critical role in the regulation of plant growth and response to stress. many cbls have been identified in the calcium signaling pathway in both arabidopsis and rice. however, information about bocbls genes from brassica oleracea has not been reported. in the present study, we identified 13 candidate cbl genes in the b. oleracea genome based on the conserved domain of the calcineurin b-like family, and we carried out a phylo ... | 2016 | 27449606 |
| detection of the diversity of cytoplasmic male sterility sources in broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) using mitochondrial markers. | broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) is an important commercial vegetable crop. as part of an efficient pollination system, cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) has been widely used for broccoli hybrid production. identifying the original sources of cms in broccoli accessions has become an important part of broccoli breeding. in this study, the diversity of the cms sources of 39 broccoli accessions, including 19 cms lines and 20 hybrids, were analyzed using mitochondrial markers. all cms access ... | 2016 | 27446156 |
| assessment of bioactive metabolites and hypolipidemic effect of polyphenolic-rich red cabbage extract. | cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and the consumption of red cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra dc. - brassicaceae) has been linked with the reduction risk of chronic diseases. | 2016 | 27436527 |
| trait to gene analysis reveals that allelic variation in three genes determines seed vigour. | predictable seedling establishment is essential for resource-efficient and cost-effective crop production; it is widely accepted as a critically important trait determining yield and profitability. seed vigour is essential to this, but its genetic basis is not understood. we used natural variation and fine mapping in the crop brassica oleracea to show that allelic variation at three loci influence the key vigour trait of rapid germination. functional analysis in both b. oleracea and the model ar ... | 2016 | 27432253 |
| effects of salt stress imposed during two growth phases on cauliflower production and quality. | cultivation of cauliflower is diffused in mediterranean areas where water salinity results in the need to identify alternative irrigation sources or management strategies. using saline water during two growth phases (from transplanting to visible appearance of inflorescence or from appearance of inflorescence to head harvest), the present study aimed to identify the growth period that is more suitable for irrigation with low quality water in relation to cauliflower production and quality. | 2017 | 27405605 |
| low temperature affects stem cell maintenance in brassica oleracea seedlings. | most of the above ground tissues in higher plants originate from stem cells located in the shoot apical meristem (sam). several plant species can suffer from spontaneous stem cell arrest resulting in lack of further shoot development. in brassica oleracea this sam arrest is known as blindness and occurs in an unpredictable manner leading to considerable economic losses for plant raisers and farmers. detailed analyses of seedlings showed that stem cell arrest is triggered by low temperatures duri ... | 2016 | 27375654 |
| identification of a novel mlpk homologous gene mlpkn1 and its expression analysis in brassica oleracea. | m locus protein kinase, one of the srk-interacting proteins, is a necessary positive regulator for the self-incompatibility response in brassica. in b. rapa, mlpk is expressed as two different transcripts, mlpkf1 and mlpkf2, and either isoform can complement the mlpk/mlpk mutation. the atapk1b gene has been considered to be the ortholog of brmlpk, and atapk1b has no role in self-incompatibility (si) response in a. thaliana srk-scr plants. until now, what causes the mlpk and apk1b function differ ... | 2016 | 27342989 |
| expression profiling of glucosinolate biosynthetic genes in brassica oleracea l. var. capitata inbred lines reveals their association with glucosinolate content. | glucosinolates are the biochemical compounds that provide defense to plants against pathogens and herbivores. in this study, the relative expression level of 48 glucosinolate biosynthesis genes was explored in four morphologically-different cabbage inbred lines by qpcr analysis. the content of aliphatic and indolic glucosinolate molecules present in those cabbage lines was also estimated by hplc analysis. the possible association between glucosinolate accumulation and related gene expression lev ... | 2016 | 27322230 |
| chemical characterisation of old cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. acephala) seed oil by liquid chromatography and different spectroscopic detection systems. | we report an extensive chemical characterisation of fatty acids, triacylglycerols, tocopherols, carotenoids and polyphenols contained in the oil extracted from old cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. acephala) by cold-pressing of the seeds. analyses were performed by gc-fid combined with mass spectrometry, hplc with photodiode array, fluorescence and mass spectrometry detection. the 94% of the total fatty acids were unsaturated, rappresented by erucic acid (more than 50%) followed by linoleic, li ... | 2016 | 27314571 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of bzip transcription factors in brassica oleracea under cold stress. | cabbages (brassica oleracea l.) are an important vegetable crop around world, and cold temperature is among the most significant abiotic stresses causing agricultural losses, especially in cabbage crops. plant bzip transcription factors play diverse roles in biotic/abiotic stress responses. in this study, 119 putative bolbzip transcription factors were identified using amino acid sequences from several bzip domain consensus sequences. the bolbzip members were classified into 63 categories based ... | 2016 | 27314020 |
| the kinetic of key phytochemical compounds of non-heading and heading leafy brassica oleracea landraces as affected by traditional cooking methods. | kales are often a key ingredient of traditional foods, containing high amounts of indolic glucosinolates (precursors of indole-3-carbinol and ascorbigen), carotenoids and phenolics. the present trend to associate traditional foods crops with health-promoting properties suggested to investigate the degradation kinetic of three brassica oleracea landraces' phytochemicals subjected to boiling, steaming and stir-frying. | 2016 | 27299661 |
| multiwalled carbon nanotubes enter broccoli cells enhancing growth and water uptake of plants exposed to salinity. | carbon nanotubes have been shown to improve the germination and growth of some plant species, extending the applicability of the emerging nano-biotechnology field to crop science. | 2016 | 27278384 |
| the influence of atmospheric particles on the elemental content of vegetables in urban gardens of sao paulo, brazil. | although urban horticulture provides multiple benefits to society, the extent to which these vegetables are contaminated by the absorption of chemical elements derived from atmospheric deposition is unclear. this study was designed to evaluate the influence of air pollution on leafy vegetables in community gardens of sao paulo, brazil. vegetable seedlings of brassica oleracea var. acephala (collard greens) and spinacia oleracea (spinach) obtained in a non-polluted rural area and growing in vesse ... | 2016 | 27249450 |
| interaction of light quality and fertility on biomass, shoot pigmentation and xanthophyll cycle flux in chinese kale. | nutritionally important carotenoids in 21-day-old brassica microgreens increase following short and long-term exposure to narrow-band wavelengths from light-emitting diodes (led). the present study aimed to measure the impact of: (1) fluorescent/incandescent light and different percentages of blue/red led light and (2) different levels of nutrient fertility on biomass and pigment concentrations in 30-day-old 'green lance' chinese kale (brassica oleracea var. alboglabra). kale plants were exposed ... | 2017 | 27220007 |
| effects of industrial pre-freezing processing and freezing handling on glucosinolates and antioxidant attributes in broccoli florets. | the effects of industrial pre-freezing processing and freezing handling on the contents of glucosinolates and antioxidants (vitamin c, polyphenols, carotenoid and chlorophyll), as well as the antioxidant capacity in broccoli (brassica oleracea l. var. italica) florets were investigated in the present study. our results showed that the glucosinolate accumulations were significantly decreased after pre-freezing processing, whereas elevated levels of phenols, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and also anti ... | 2016 | 27211670 |
| development of a novel allele-specific rfo marker and creation of ogura cms fertility-restored interspecific hybrids in brassica oleracea. | a novel allele-specific rfo marker was developed and proved to be effective for mas of rfo gene in b. oleracea background and six ogu-cms fertility-restored interspecific hybrids were created for the first time. ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (ogu-cms) has been extensively used for brassica oleracea hybrid production. however, because of maternal inheritance, all the hybrids produced by cms lines are male sterile and cannot be self-pollinated, which prohibits germplasm maintenance and innovati ... | 2016 | 27206841 |
| comparative study of zn deficiency in l. sativa and b. oleracea plants: nh4(+) assimilation and nitrogen derived protective compounds. | zinc (zn) deficiency is a major problem in agricultural crops of many world regions. n metabolism plays an essential role in plants and changes in their availability and their metabolism could seriously affect crop productivity. the main objective of the present work was to perform a comparative analysis of different strategies against zn deficiency between two plant species of great agronomic interest such as lactuca sativa cv. phillipus and brassica oleracea cv. bronco. for this, both species ... | 2016 | 27181942 |
| aliphatic glucosinolate synthesis and gene expression changes in gamma-irradiated cabbage. | glucosinolates, found principally in the plant order brassicales, are modulated by different post-harvest processing operations. among these, ionizing radiation, a non-thermal process, has gained considerable interest for ensuring food security and safety. in gamma-irradiated cabbage, enhanced sinigrin, a major glucosinolate, has been reported. however, the molecular basis of such a radiation induced effect is not known. herein, the effect of radiation processing on the expression of glucosinola ... | 2016 | 27173540 |
| aflp analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of brassica oleracea in ireland. | brassica oleracea l. is one of the most economically important vegetable crop species of the genus brassica l. this species is threatened in ireland, without any prior reported genetic studies. the use of this species is being very limited due to its imprecise phylogeny and uncompleted genetic characterisation. the main objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of a set of 25 irish b. oleracea accessions using the powerful amplified fragment lengt ... | 2017 | 27156498 |
| plant selective uptake of halogenated flame retardants at an e-waste recycling site in southern china. | the concentrations and homolog patterns of halogenated flame retardants (hfrs) in vegetables grown at an e-waste contaminated site were investigated. polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) were the dominant hfrs in vegetable tissues, with concentrations ranging from 10.3 to 164 ng g(-1) and 1.16-107 ng g(-1) in shoots and roots, respectively, followed by novel brominated flame retardants (nbfrs) and dechlorane plus (dps). this is an indication that pbde contamination in vegetables grown around e ... | 2016 | 27149147 |
| evaluating the role of metal ions in the bathochromic and hyperchromic responses of cyanidin derivatives in acidic and alkaline ph. | in many food products, colorants derived from natural sources are increasingly popular due to consumer demand. anthocyanins are one class of versatile and abundant naturally occurring chromophores that produce different hues in nature, especially with metal ions and other copigments assisting. the effects of chelation of metal ions (mg(2+), al(3+), cr(3+), fe(3+), and ga(3+)) in factorial excesses to anthocyanin concentration (0-500×) on the spectral characteristics (380-700nm) of cyanidin and a ... | 2016 | 27132820 |
| transcriptome de novo assembly and analysis of differentially expressed genes related to cytoplasmic male sterility in cabbage. | cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is a maternally inherited trait producing abnormal pollen during anther development. to identify the critical genes and pathways that are involved in the sterility and to better understand the underlying mechanisms, cabbage anthers at different developmental stages were cytologically examined and the transcriptomes were analyzed in cms line and its maintainer line using the next-generation sequencing (ngs) technology. microscopy showed that anther development in ... | 2016 | 27116370 |
| bottom-up mechanisms generate the same temporal pattern of attack by a specialist and a generalist caterpillar on short-lived plants. | the local population dynamics of insect herbivores in ephemeral patches of short-lived plants are poorly known. we investigated whether a specialist and a generalist caterpillar exhibit contrasting temporal patterns of attack during plant development and also assessed bottom-up forces related to plant ontogeny that govern such population trends. immature stages of the polyphagous trichoplusia ni (hübner) and the oligophagous plutella xylostella (l.) were sampled throughout the development of cab ... | 2016 | 27106819 |
| erratum to: observation of yttrium oxide nanoparticles in cabbage (brassica oleracea) through dual energy k-edge subtraction imaging. | | 2016 | 27097829 |
| antiamnesic effect of broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) leaves on amyloid beta (aβ)1-42-induced learning and memory impairment. | to examine the antiamnesic effects of broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) leaves, we performed in vitro and in vivo tests on amyloid beta (aβ)-induced neurotoxicity. the chloroform fraction from broccoli leaves (cbl) showed a remarkable neuronal cell-protective effect and an inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (ache). the ameliorating effect of cbl on aβ1-42-induced learning and memory impairment was evaluated by y-maze, passive avoidance, and morris water maze tests. the results indic ... | 2016 | 27079470 |
| influence of light and temperature on gene expression leading to accumulation of specific flavonol glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in kale (brassica oleracea var. sabellica). | light intensity and temperature are very important signals for the regulation of plant growth and development. plants subjected to less favorable light or temperature conditions often respond with accumulation of secondary metabolites. some of these metabolites have been identified as bioactive compounds, considered to exert positive effects on human health when consumed regularly. in order to test a typical range of growth parameters for the winter crop brassica oleracea var. sabellica, plants ... | 2016 | 27066016 |
| transgenic cabbage expressing cry1ac1 does not affect the survival and growth of the wolf spider, pardosa astrigera l. koch (araneae: lycosidae). | both herbivores that consume transgenic crops and their predators can be exposed to insecticidal proteins expressed in those crops. we conducted a tritrophic bioassay to evaluate the ecotoxicological impacts that bt cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) expressing cry1ac1 protein might have on the wolf spider (pardosa astrigera), a non-target generalist predator. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays indicated that protein levels were 4.61 ng g(-1) dry weight in fruit flies (drosophila melanoga ... | 2016 | 27055120 |
| genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms discovery and high-density genetic map construction in cauliflower using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing. | molecular markers and genetic maps play an important role in plant genomics and breeding studies. cauliflower is an important and distinctive vegetable; however, very few molecular resources have been reported for this species. in this study, a novel, specific-locus amplified fragment (slaf) sequencing strategy was employed for large-scale single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) discovery and high-density genetic map construction in a double-haploid, segregating population of cauliflower. a total o ... | 2016 | 27047515 |
| intraspecific variation in carotenoids of brassica oleracea var. sabellica. | carotenoids are best known as a source of natural antioxidants. physiologically, carotenoids are part of the photoprotection in plants as they act as scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ros). an important source of carotenoids in european food is brassica oleracea. focusing on the most abundant carotenoids, we estimated the contents of ß-carotene, (9z)-neoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and lutein as well as those of chlorophylls a and b to assess their variability in brassica oleracea var. sabellica. o ... | 2016 | 27045759 |
| diversity of kale (brassica oleracea var. sabellica): glucosinolate content and phylogenetic relationships. | recently, kale has become popular due to nutritive components beneficial for human health. it is an important source of phytochemicals such as glucosinolates that trigger associated cancer-preventive activity. however, nutritional value varies among glucosinolates and among cultivars. here, we start a systematic determination of the content of five glucosinolates in 25 kale varieties and 11 non-kale brassica oleracea cultivars by hplc-dad-esi-ms(n) and compare the profiles with results from the ... | 2016 | 27028789 |
| observation of yttrium oxide nanoparticles in cabbage (brassica oleracea) through dual energy k-edge subtraction imaging. | the potential transfer of engineered nanoparticles (enps) from plants into the food chain has raised widespread concerns. in order to investigate the effects of enps on plants, young cabbage plants (brassica oleracea) were exposed to a hydroponic system containing yttrium oxide (yttria) enps. the objective of this study was to reveal the impacts of nps on plants by using k-edge subtraction imaging technique. | 2016 | 27015946 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of brassica oleracea germplasm in ireland using ssr markers. | the most economically important brassica oleracea species is endangered in ireland, with no prior reported genetic characterization studies. this study assesses the genetic diversity, population structure and relationships of b. oleracea germplasm in ireland using microsatellite (ssrs) markers. a total of 118 individuals from 25 accessions of irish b. oleracea were genotyped. the ssr loci used revealed a total of 47 alleles. the observed heterozygosity (0.699) was higher than the expected one (0 ... | 2017 | 26995396 |
| quantitative trait loci controlling leaf appearance and curd initiation of cauliflower in relation to temperature. | qtl regions on chromosomes c06 and c09 are involved in temperature dependent time to curd induction in cauliflower. temperature is the main environmental factor influencing curding time of cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis). temperatures above 20-22 °c inhibit development towards curding even in many summer cultivars. to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) controlling curding time and its related traits in a wide range of different temperature regimes from 12 to 27 °c, a doubled ha ... | 2016 | 26993486 |
| biotechnological advancement in genetic improvement of broccoli (brassica oleracea l. var. italica), an important vegetable crop. | with the advent of molecular biotechnology, plant genetic engineering techniques have opened an avenue for the genetic improvement of important vegetable crops. vegetable crop productivity and quality are seriously affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses which destabilize rural economies in many countries. moreover, absence of proper post-harvest storage and processing facilities leads to qualitative and quantitative losses. in the past four decades, conventional breeding has significant ... | 2016 | 26971329 |
| characterization and abiotic stress-responsive expression analysis of sgt1 genes in brassica oleracea. | sgt1 genes are involved in enhancing plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. brassica oleracea is known to contain two types of sgt1 genes, namely suppressor of g2 allele of skp1 and suppressor of gcr2. in this study, through systematic analysis, four putative sgt1 genes were identified and characterized in b. oleracea. in phylogenetic analysis, the genes clearly formed separate groups, namely bolsgt1a, bolsgt1b (both suppressor of g2 allele of skp1 types), and bolsgt1 (suppresso ... | 2016 | 26966988 |
| intracellular ca(2+) and k(+) concentration in brassica oleracea leaf induces differential expression of transporter and stress-related genes. | one of the most important members of the genus brassica, cabbage, requires a relatively high level of calcium for normal growth (plant cell environ 7: 397-405, 1984; plant physiol 60: 854-856, 1977). localized ca(2+) deficiency in cabbage leaves causes tip-burn, bringing about serious economic losses (euphytica 9:203-208, 1960; ann bot 43:363-372, 1979; sci hortic 14:131-138, 1981). although it has been known that the occurrence of tip-burn is related to ca(2+) deficiency, there is limited infor ... | 2016 | 26955874 |
| inter-cultivar variation in soil-to-plant transfer of radiocaesium and radiostrontium in brassica oleracea. | radiocaesium and radiostrontium enter the human food chain primarily via soil-plant transfer. however, uptake of these radionuclides can differ significantly within species (between cultivars). the aim of this study was to assess inter-cultivar variation in soil-to-plant transfer of radiocaesium and radiostrontium in a leafy crop species, brassica oleracea. this study comprised four independent experiments: two pot experiments in a controlled environment artificially contaminated with radiocaesi ... | 2016 | 26945429 |
| synteny and comparative analysis of mirna retention, conservation, and structure across brassicaceae reveals lineage- and sub-genome-specific changes. | the recent availability of genome sequences together with syntenic block information for brassicaceae offers an opportunity to study microrna (mirna) evolution across this family. we employed a synteny-based comparative genomics strategy to unambiguously identify mirna homologs from the genome sequence of members of brassicaceae. such an analysis of mirna across brassicaceae allowed us to classify mirnas as conserved, lineage-, karyotype- and sub-genome-specific. the differential loss of mirna f ... | 2016 | 26873704 |
| organ-specific quantitative genetics and candidate genes of phenylpropanoid metabolism in brassica oleracea. | phenolic compounds are proving to be increasingly important for human health and in crop development, defense and adaptation. in spite of the economical importance of brassica crops in agriculture, the mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds presents in these species remain unknown. the genetic and metabolic basis of phenolics accumulation was dissected through analysis of total phenolics concentration and its individual components in leaves, flower buds, and seeds of a dou ... | 2015 | 26858727 |
| effects of growth temperature and postharvest cooling on anthocyanin profiles in juvenile and mature brassica oleracea. | the effects of growth temperatures on anthocyanin content and profile were tested on juvenile cabbage and kale plants. the effects of cold storage time were evaluated on both juvenile and mature plants. the anthocyanin content in juvenile plants ranged from 3.82 mg of cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside equivalent (cy equiv)/g of dry matter (dm) at 25 °c to 10.00 mg of cy equiv/g of dm at 16 °c, with up to 76% diacylated anthocyanins. cold storage of juvenile plants decreased the total amount of anthocyani ... | 2016 | 26828966 |
| effect of brick kiln emissions on commonly used vegetables of kashmir valley. | to study the impact of brick kiln emissions on plant growth and productivity, a study was conducted on various biochemical parameters of three main vegetables brassica oleracea l., phaseolus vulgaris l., and solanum melongena l. cultivated in the vicinity of the brick kiln area of the panzan village of district budgam (j&k). plants in the vicinity of brick kilns are direct recipients of emissions and therefore important materials for assessing potential effects of kiln pollutants. the biochemica ... | 2015 | 26788302 |
| influence of different blanching methods on colour, ascorbic acid and phenolics content of broccoli. | lack of nutrients in cooking water, high energetic costs, high water consumption and recycling are some drawbacks of vegetable blanching. those disadvantages could be bypassed using microwave blanching. three blanching methods (microwave, boiling water and steaming) were compared in this study in order to determine their effects on some functional properties of broccoli. in addition, the thermal damage on broccoli colour was evaluated. the effectiveness of each blanching process was performed me ... | 2016 | 26787969 |
| shelf life extension of minimally processed ready-to-cook (rtc) cabbage by gamma irradiation. | gamma irradiation (0.5-2.5 kgy) in combination with low temperature (4-15 °c) storage was attempted to increase shelf life of ready-to-cook shredded cabbage wrapped in cling films. a maximum extension in shelf life of 8 days, while retaining the microbial and sensory quality, was obtained with an irradiation dose of 2 kgy and storage at 10 °c. gamma irradiation also inhibited browning of shredded cabbage at their cut edges resulting in enhanced visual appeal. an increase in total antioxidant act ... | 2016 | 26787945 |
| preservation of anthocyanins in solid lipid nanoparticles: optimization of a microemulsion dilution method using the placket-burman and box-behnken designs. | anthocyanins are the main polyphenol components from red cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata f. rubra) extracts that have inherent antioxidant activities. anthocyanins are effectively stable in acidic gastric digestion conditions, with nearly 100% phenol content recovery. however, the total phenol content recovery after simulated pancreatic digestion was approximately 25%. to protect anthocyanins against harsh environmental conditions (e.g., ph and temperature), solid lipid nanoparticles ... | 2016 | 26776010 |
| pest control of aphids depends on landscape complexity and natural enemy interactions. | aphids are a major concern in agricultural crops worldwide, and control by natural enemies is an essential component of the ecological intensification of agriculture. although the complexity of agricultural landscapes is known to influence natural enemies of pests, few studies have measured the degree of pest control by different enemy guilds across gradients in landscape complexity. here, we use multiple natural-enemy exclosures replicated in 18 fields across a gradient in landscape complexity ... | 2015 | 26734497 |
| chromosome doubling of microspore-derived plants from cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata l.) and broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica l.). | chromosome doubling of microspore-derived plants is an important factor in the practical application of microspore culture technology because breeding programs require a large number of genetically stable, homozygous doubled haploid plants with a high level of fertility. in the present paper, 29 populations of microspore-derived plantlets from cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) and broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica) were used to study the ploidy level and spontaneous chromosome dou ... | 2015 | 26734028 |
| interspecific hybridization, polyploidization, and backcross of brassica oleracea var. alboglabra with b. rapa var. purpurea morphologically recapitulate the evolution of brassica vegetables. | brassica oleracea and b. rapa are two important vegetable crops. both are composed of dozens of subspecies encompassing hundreds of varieties and cultivars. synthetic b. napus with these two plants has been used extensively as a research model for the investigation of allopolyploid evolution. however, the mechanism underlying the explosive evolution of hundreds of varieties of b. oleracea and b. rapa within a short period is poorly understood. in the present study, interspecific hybridization be ... | 2016 | 26727246 |
| biotechnological applications in in vitro plant regeneration studies of broccoli (brassica oleracea l. var. italica), an important vegetable crop. | biotechnology holds promise for genetic improvement of important vegetable crops. broccoli (brassica oleracea l. var. italica) is an important vegetable crop of the family brassicaceae. however, various biotic and abiotic stresses cause enormous crop yield losses during commercial cultivation of broccoli. establishment of a reliable, reproducible and efficient in vitro plant regeneration system with cell and tissue culture is a vital prerequisite for biotechnological application of crop improvem ... | 2016 | 26721234 |
| amiprophosmethyl-induced efficient in vitro production of polyploids in raphanobrassica with the aid of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) in the culture medium. | optimum conditions for obtaining tetraploid were investigated in raphanobrassica, the intergeneric hybrid between radish (raphanus sativus) and kale (brassica oleracea var. acephala) by treating in vitro plants with an anti-mitotic agent, amiprophosmethyl (apm). initially, no tetraploids but hexaploids and octaploids were induced by the treatments. although the leaves of these polyploids of raphanobrassica showed chlorosis during subcultures in in vitro conditions, the chlorosis could be success ... | 2015 | 26719742 |
| the complete chloroplast genome of two brassica species, brassica nigra and b. oleracea. | the two brassica species, brassica nigra and brassica oleracea, are important agronomic crops. the chloroplast genome sequences were generated by de novo assembly using whole genome next-generation sequences. the chloroplast genomes of b. nigra and b. oleracea were 153 633 bp and 153 366 bp in size, respectively, and showed conserved typical chloroplast structure. the both chloroplast genomes contained a total of 114 genes including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 trna genes, and 4 rrna genes. phylo ... | 2017 | 26709541 |
| molecular modeling of myrosinase from brassica oleracea: a structural investigation of sinigrin interaction. | myrosinase, which is present in cruciferous plant species, plays an important role in the hydrolysis of glycosides such as glucosinolates and is involved in plant defense. brassicaceae myrosinases are diverse although they share common ancestry, and structural knowledge about myrosinases from cabbage (brassica oleracea) was needed. to address this, we constructed a three-dimensional model structure of myrosinase based on sinapis alba structures using iterative threading assembly refinement serve ... | 2015 | 26703735 |
| inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in a549 cells by compounds from oxheart cabbage extract. | oxheart cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) is a member of the brassica genus. although some studies on the anticancer effects of extracts from oxheart cabbage have been reported, comprehensive information on the bioactive fractions and components from oxheart cabbage extracts is still lacking. the aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bioactive fractions and components from oxheart cabbage seeds using activity-guided isolation methods. | 2016 | 26679410 |
| nondestructive optical sensing of flavonols and chlorophyll in white head cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata subvar. alba) grown under different nitrogen regimens. | a multiparametric optical sensor was used to nondestructively estimate phytochemical compounds in white cabbage leaves directly in the field. an experimental site of 1980 white cabbages (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata subvar. alba), under different nitrogen (n) treatments, was mapped by measuring leaf transmittance and chlorophyll fluorescence screening in one leaf/cabbage head. the provided indices of flavonols (flav) and chlorophyll (chl) displayed the opposite response to applied n rates, ... | 2016 | 26679081 |
| differential expression of micrornas may regulate pollen development in brassica oleracea. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding endogenous negative regulators that regulate gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. however, little is known about the expression characteristics of mirnas during pollen development in brassica oleracea. in this study, five known and three novel mirnas were identified and their expression patterns were compared in the flower buds of b. oleracea using stem-loop reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pc ... | 2015 | 26634464 |
| diversity and inheritance of intergenic spacer sequences of 45s ribosomal dna among accessions of brassica oleracea l. var. capitata. | ribosomal dna (rdna) of plants is present in high copy number and shows variation between and within species in the length of the intergenic spacer (igs). the 45s rdna of flowering plants includes the 5.8s, 18s and 25s rdna genes, the internal transcribed spacer (its1 and its2), and the intergenic spacer 45s-igs (25s-18s). this study identified six different types of 45s-igs, a to f, which at 363 bp, 1121 bp, 1717 bp, 1969 bp, 2036 bp and 2111 bp in length, respectively, were much shorter than t ... | 2015 | 26633391 |
| comparative mirnas analysis of two contrasting broccoli inbred lines with divergent head-forming capacity under temperature stress. | micrornas (mirnas) play a vital role in growth, development, and stress response at the post-transcriptional level. broccoli (brassica oleracea l. var italic) is an important vegetable crop, and the yield and quality of broccoli are decreased by heat stress. the broccoli inbred lines that are capable of producing head at high temperature in summer are unique varieties in taiwan. however, knowledge of mirnaomes during the broccoli head formation under heat stress is limited. | 2015 | 26625945 |
| nitrogen split dose fertilization, plant age and frost effects on phytochemical content and sensory properties of curly kale (brassica oleracea l. var. sabellica). | we investigated how concentrations of sensory relevant compounds: glucosinolates (glss), flavonoid glycosides, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and sugars in kale responded to split dose and reduced nitrogen (n) fertilization, plant age and controlled frost exposure. in addition, frost effects on sensory properties combined with n supply were assessed. seventeen week old kale plants showed decreased aliphatic glss at split dose n fertilization; whereas reduced n increased aliphatic and total gls ... | 2016 | 26616985 |
| induction of targeted, heritable mutations in barley and brassica oleracea using rna-guided cas9 nuclease. | the rna-guided cas9 system represents a flexible approach for genome editing in plants. this method can create specific mutations that knock-out or alter target gene function. it provides a valuable tool for plant research and offers opportunities for crop improvement. | 2015 | 26616834 |
| thermodynamic sorption of red cabbage extract (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata l. f. rubra) encapsulated by spray drying. | red cabbage aqueous extract acidified with 2 % citric acid was spray-dried using gum arabic as encapsulating agent. the concentration of anthocyanin in the powder was 253.45 ± 10.82 mg/100 g of dry basis and antioxidant activity of 4.6 ± 0.2 mmol trolox/kg of dry basis. the sorption isotherms were determined at 15, 25 and 35 °c, and the gab model was the one that best adjusted to the experimental data. the differential enthalpy and entropy for moisture levels up to 2 g of water/g of dry basis de ... | 2015 | 26604392 |