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crop juxtaposition affects cotton fiber quality in georgia farmscapes.phytophagous stink bugs (hemiptera: pentatomidae), including green stink bug [acrosternum hilare (say)], southern green stink bug [nezara viridula (l.)], and brown stink bug [euschistus servus (say)], have become a serious production issue for southeastern u.s. cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., growers. to investigate how different agronomic crops may affect stink bug damage and fiber quality in neighboring cotton fields, replicated 1.6-2.0-ha trials were planted with corn (zea mays l.), peanut (ar ...200919736764
evaluation of transgenic soybean exhibiting high expression of a synthetic bacillus thuringiensis cry1a transgene for suppressing lepidopteran population densities and crop injury.several transgenic lines of soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., expressing a synthetic cry1a gene from bacillus thuringiensis (bt), were examined in replicated field trials in 2003-2007 for suppression of naturally occurring population densities of lepidopteran pests and the resultant crop injury that they caused. bt soybean and negative controls (isogenic segregants and parental lines) were evaluated against velvetbean caterpillar, anticarsia gemmatalis (hübner); soybean looper, pseudoplusia inclu ...200919736779
cry2ab tolerance response of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations from crylac cotton planting region.helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is an important lepidopteran pest of cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., in asia. transgenic cotton expressing the cry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has been widely planted for control of this pest. for managing the potential risk from resistance evolution in this pest, a new transgenic bt cotton containing cry1ac and cry2ab genes (gene pyramided strategy) was designed as a successor of cry1ac cotton. this article reports on levels of ...200919610441
molecular characterization and experimental host-range of two begomoviruses infecting clerodendrum cyrtophyllum in china.two begomovirus isolates (yx2-i and yx2-ii) were identified from clerodendrum cyrtophyllum showing yellow mosaic symptoms collected in jiangsu province of china. sequence analysis reveals that yx2-i is a distinct begomovirus species for which the name clerodendrum golden mosaic jiangsu virus (clgmjsv-[cn:yx2:08]) is proposed. yx2-ii is an isolate of bipartite begomovirus clerodendrum golden mosaic china virus (clgmcnv-[cn:yx2:08]). infectious clones of the two viruses were constructed and agroin ...201020532974
quantification of cry1ac and cry1f bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins in selected transgenic cotton plant tissue types.quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to characterize the geographical (locations) and temporal (through 6 wk) expression of crylac, from bacillus thuringiensis variety kurstaki, and cry1f, from b. thuringiensis variety aizawai, in transgenic cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., plant structures. terminal leaves, squares (flower buds), flowers, bolls (fruit), and mature leaves located five and eight nodes below the terminal apex were sampled during weeks 2, 4, and 6 after the initi ...200919610451
spatial dynamics of stink bugs (hemiptera: pentatomidae) and associated boll injury in southeastern cotton fields.grid sampling (one sample per 0.40 ha) in 12 cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fields for stink bugs and boll injury caused by stink bug feeding was conducted in 2007 and 2008 in south carolina and georgia. the main species collected using the beat cloth method were the green stink bug, acrosternum hilare (say) (69%); brown stink bug, euschistus servus (say) (18%); and the southern green stink bug, nezara viridula (l.) (14%), respectively. the inverted distance weighted interpolation method and spa ...201020550811
maximizing the potential of cropping systems for nematode management.quantitative techniques were used to analyze and determine optimal potential profitability of 3-year rotations of cotton, gossypium hirsutum cv. coker 315, and soybean, glycine max cv. centennial, with increasing population densities of hoplolaimus columbus. data collected from naturally infested on-farm research plots were combined with economic information to construct a microcomputer spreadsheet analysis of the cropping system. nonlinear mathematical functions were fitted to field data to rep ...199119283139
efficient production of gossypol from hairy root cultures of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).a protocol for induction and establishment of agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated hairy root culture of gossypium hirsutum was developed through infection with the a4 strain and co-cultivation on hormone-free semi-solid ms medium with b5 vitamins. it resulted in the emergence of hairy roots from the leaf explants, 21 days after infection. the transformation of hairy roots was established by pcr amplification of rol b and rol c genes of the ri plasmid. all root lines expressed gossypol, although di ...200919751178
cloning and characterization of the gossypium hirsutum major latex protein gene and functional analysis in arabidopsis thaliana.the major latex protein (mlp) gene in gossypium hirsutum was cloned and designated gh-mlp. expression in cotton root was induced by salt stress and verticillium dahliae toxin, and bioinformatic analysis showed that gh-mlp encodes a 157-amino acid protein that is similar to members of the mlp subfamily in the bet v 1 family. although the structure of mlp is similar to bet v 1 family proteins, the sequence identity to other subfamilies of bet v 1 proteins is less than 20%. the gh-mlp promoter cont ...201020049612
bcg vaccination in the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) infected by the pulmonary route with virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis.to evaluate the usefulness of the american cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) in the evaluation of vaccine-induced resistance, we infected bcg-vaccinated and non-vaccinated cotton rats with mycobacterium tuberculosis (h37rv) via the respiratory route. lung histopathology of these animals showed loose, disorganized granulomas which were non-necrotic up to 8 weeks post-infection. moreover, we were not able to detect a dth response after intradermal injection with ppd antigen. prior bcg vaccination sig ...201020451457
fusarium verticillioides (saccardo) nirenberg associated with hardlock of cotton.boll rots of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) are common in the humid areas of the southeastern us. one type of boll damage that may be differentiated from others is hardlock, with symptoms that include compression of the fibers within individual locules of mature, open cotton bolls without further obvious disintegration of the lint or damage to the carpel wall. the principal economic effect is that the boll's lint is unharvestable by mechanical cotton pickers. this disease is endemic to the south ...201020052584
potential impact of differential production of the cry2ab and cry1ac proteins in transgenic cotton in response to cold stress.transgenic bollgard ii cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., expresses cry1ac and cry2ab proteins that provide control of lepidopteran larvae, including helicoverpa and heliothis species (lepidoptera: noctuidae) worldwide. experiments conducted at katherine, northern territory, australia evaluated the impact of night minimum temperatures on cry1ac and cry2ab protein levels in bollgard ii cotton. in both 2003 and 2004, potted plants were either grown outside continuously or protected from cold in a glas ...201020857729
susceptibility of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to cry1ac and cry2ab2 insecticidal proteins in four countries of the west african cotton belt.transgenic cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., producing cry1ac and cry2ab2 insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) was first planted in burkina faso (west africa) in 2008. here, we provide the first baseline data on susceptibility of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations collected in west africa (benin, cameroon, nigeria, and chad) to cry1ac and cry2ab2 toxins incorporated separately or in combination in a semisynthetic diet. for populations collected in 2 ...200920069861
sampling stink bugs (hemiptera: pentatomidae) for population estimation and pest management in southeastern cotton production.stink bugs (hemiptera: pentatomidae) were sampled in commercial cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., fields in 2007 and 2008 in south carolina and georgia. the main species collected with the beat cloth and sweep net methods were green stink bug, acrosternum hilare (say) (63 and 57%, respectively); brown stink bug, euschistus servus (say) (23 and 18%, respectively); and southern green stink bug, nezara viridula (l.) (14 and 22%, respectively). average stink bug densities were 0.145 +/- 0.010 (mean +/- ...200920069868
fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum) genes expressed during infection of cotton (gossypium hirsutum)dagger.summary we sought to identify fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (fov) genes that may be associated with pathogenicity. initially we utilized microarray and q-pcr technology to identify fov genes expressed in root and hypocotyl tissues during a compatible infection of cotton. we identified 218 fungal clones representing 174 fov non-redundant genes as expressed in planta. the majority of the expressed sequences were expressed in infected roots, with only six genes detected in hypocotyl tissue. ...200620507430
an evaluation of eco-friendly naturally coloured cottons regarding seed cotton yield, yield components and major lint quality traits under conditions of east mediterranean region of turkey.in the study carried out in 2002-2003 in the east mediterranean region of turkey (in kahramanmaras province), four different naturally coloured cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) (dark brown, light brown, cream and green) lines from azerbaijan and two white linted cotton varieties (maras-92 and sayar-314 (g. hirsutum l.)) of the region were used as material. the aim of this study was to determine seed cotton yield and yield components and major lint quality traits of investigated coloured cotton lin ...200920128501
the essential role of ghpel gene, encoding a pectate lyase, in cell wall loosening by depolymerization of the de-esterified pectin during fiber elongation in cotton.cotton fiber elongation, largely achieved by cell wall loosening, is an important stage during cotton fiber development. in this present research, a fiber preferential cdna encoding a pectate lyase (pel) which could exclusively degrade the de-esterified pectin was isolated from a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber cdna library. subsequently, the corresponding pel genes were isolated from four different cotton species and characterized. in vitro enzyme assays indicated that ghpel really exhibited ...201020131110
methodological evaluation of 2-de to study root proteomics during nematode infection in cotton and coffee plants.the identification of plant proteins expressed in response to phytopathogens is a remaining challenge to proteome methodology. proteomic methods, such as electrophoresis and mass spectrometry have been extensively used for protein differential expression studies in several plants including arabidopsis thaliana, rice, and wheat. however, in coffee (coffea canephora) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum), bidimensional electrophoresis (2-de) analysis has been rarely employed. moreover, global protein ex ...201020213576
molecular characterization and pathogenicity of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in china.several tomato production regions in china were surveyed for tomato yellow leaf curl disease (tylcd), and 31 tomato leaf samples showing tylcd-like symptoms were collected. the partial or full-length genomes of these isolates were sequenced and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) was detected in shanghai, zhejiang, jiangsu shandong and hebei provinces of china. the tylcv isolates found in china share high sequence identity ([98%) and have more than 97% sequence identity with tylcvil[ il:reo] ( ...200919590945
effects of vegetated field borders on arthropods in cotton fields in eastern north carolina.the influence, if any, of 5m wide, feral, herbaceous field borders on pest and beneficial arthropods in commercial cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.) (malvales: malvaceae), fields was measured through a variety of sampling techniques over three years. in each year, 5 fields with managed, feral vegetation borders and five fields without such borders were examined. sampling was stratified from the field border or edge in each field in an attempt to elucidate any edge effects that might have occurred. ...200820345293
a new cotton sdr family gene encodes a polypeptide possessing aldehyde reductase and 3-ketoacyl-coa reductase activities.to understand regulatory mechanisms of cotton fiber development, microarray analysis has been performed for upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum). based on this, a cdna (ghkcr3) encoding a polypeptide belonging to short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase family was isolated and cloned. it contains an open reading frame of 987 bp encoding a polypeptide of 328 amino acid residues. following its overexpression in bacterial cells, the purified recombinant protein specifically uses nadph to reduce a ...201020370610
genetic transformation of cotton with a harpin-encoding gene hpaxoo confers an enhanced defense response against different pathogens through a priming mechanism.the soil-borne fungal pathogen verticillium dahliae kleb causes verticillium wilt in a wide range of crops including cotton (gossypium hirsutum). to date, most upland cotton varieties are susceptible to v. dahliae and the breeding for cotton varieties with the resistance to verticillium wilt has not been successful.201020398293
development of sampling plans for cotton bolls injured by stink bugs (hemiptera: pentatomidae).cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., bolls were sampled in commercial fields for stink bug (hemiptera: pentatomidae) injury during 2007 and 2008 in south carolina and georgia. across both years of this study, boll-injury percentages averaged 14.8 +/- 0.3 (sem). at average boll injury treatment levels of 10, 20, 30, and 50%, the percentage of samples with at least one injured boll was 82, 97, 100, and 100%, respectively. percentage of field-sampling date combinations with average injury < 10, 20, 30, a ...201020429470
expression of baculovirus anti-apoptotic genes p35 and op-iap in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) enhances tolerance to verticillium wilt.programmed cell death plays an important role in mediating plant adaptive responses to the environment such as the invasion of pathogens. verticillium wilt, caused by the necrotrophic pathogen verticillium dahliae, is a serious vascular disease responsible for great economic losses to cotton, but the molecular mechanisms of verticillium disease and effective, safe methods of resistance to verticillium wilt remain unexplored.201021151969
pollen- and seed-mediated transgene flow in commercial cotton seed production fields.characterizing the spatial patterns of gene flow from transgenic crops is challenging, making it difficult to design containment strategies for markets that regulate the adventitious presence of transgenes. insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cotton is planted on millions of hectares annually and is a potential source of transgene flow.201021152426
development of insect-resistant transgenic cotton with chimeric tvip3a* accumulating in chloroplasts.an optimized vip3a gene, designated as vip3a* was chemically synthesized and a thi1 gene chloroplast transit peptide coding sequence was attached to its 5' end to produce the tvip3a*. vip3a* and tvip3a* genes were transformed into gossypium hirsutum cv. zhongmiansuo35. of 42 independent transformants, 36 were positive for the vip3a* or tvip3a* gene. four independent transgenic t1 lines with single-copy insertions and unchanged phenotypes (ctv1 and ctv2 for tvip3a*, and cv1 and cv2 for vip3a*) we ...201121246398
cotton plants expressing cyp6ae14 double-stranded rna show enhanced resistance to bollworms.rna interference (rnai) plays an important role in regulating gene expression in eukaryotes. previously, we generated arabidopsis and tobacco plants expressing double-stranded rna (dsrna) targeting a cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) p450 gene, cyp6ae14. bollworms fed on transgenic dscyp6ae14 plants showed suppressed cyp6ae14 expression and reduced growth on gossypol-containing diet (mao et al., in nat biotechnol 25: 1307-1313, 2007). here we report generation and analysis of dsrna-expressi ...201020953975
influence of preceding crop on wireworm (coleoptera: elateridae) abundance in the coastal plain of north carolina.three studies were conducted to determine the effect of preceding crop on wireworm (coleoptera: elateridae) abundance in the coastal plain of north carolina. in all three studies, samples of wireworm populations were taken from the soil by using oat, avena sativa l., baits. treatments were defined by the previous year's crop and were chosen to reflect common crop rotations in the region. across all three studies, eight wireworm species were recovered from the baits: conoderus amplicollis (gyllen ...201021309229
characteristics of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry2ab in a strain of helicoverpa punctigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) isolated from a field population.in 1996, the australian cotton industry adopted ingard that expresses the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxin gene cry1ac and was planted at a cap of 30%. in 2004-2005, bollgard ii, which expresses cry1ac and cry2ab, replaced ingard in australia, and subsequently has made up >80% of the area planted to cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. the australian target species helicoverpa armigera (hübner) and helicoverpa punctigera (wallengren) are innately moderately tolerant to bt toxins, but the absence of a ...201021309238
effects of four nematode species on fitness costs of pink bollworm resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac.evolution of resistance by pests can reduce the efficacy oftransgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt). in conjunction with refuges of non-bt host plants, fitness costs can delay the evolution of resistance. furthermore, fitness costs often vary with ecological conditions, suggesting that agricultural landscapes can be manipulated to magnify fitness costs and thereby prolong the efficacy of bt crops. in the current study, we tested th ...201021061986
gene expression in developing fibres of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was massively altered by domestication.understanding the evolutionary genetics of modern crop phenotypes has a dual relevance to evolutionary biology and crop improvement. modern upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was developed following thousands of years of artificial selection from a wild form, g. hirsutum var. yucatanense, which bears a shorter, sparser, layer of single-celled, ovular trichomes ('fibre'). in order to gain an insight into the nature of the developmental genetic transformations that accompanied domestication and ...201021078138
pseudomonas induces salinity tolerance in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and resistance to fusarium root rot through the modulation of indole-3-acetic acid.abiotic stresses cause changes in the balance of phytohormones in plants and result in inhibited root growth and an increase in the susceptibility of plants to root rot disease. the aim of this work was to ascertain whether microbial indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) plays a role in the regulation of root growth and microbially mediated control of root rot of cotton caused by fusarium solani. seed germination and seedling growth were improved by both nacl and mg2so4 (100 mm) solutions when treated with ...201526587006
vip3aa tolerance response of helicoverpa armigera populations from a cry1ac cotton planting region.transgenic cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., that expresses the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1ac toxin, holds great promise in controlling target insect pests. evolution of resistance by target pests is the primary threat to the continued efficacy of bt cotton. to thwart pest resistance evolution, a transgenic cotton culitvar that produces two different bt toxins, cry1ac and vip3a genes, was proposed as a successor of cry1ac cotton. this article reports on levels of vip3aa tolerance in helicoverp ...201021309241
structure of exogenous gene integration and event-specific detection in the glyphosate-tolerant transgenic cotton line bg2-7.in this study, the flanking sequence of an inserted fragment conferring glyphosate tolerance on transgenic cotton line bg2-7 was analyzed by thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (tail-pcr) and standard pcr. the results showed apparent insertion of the exogenous gene into chromosome d10 of the gossypium hirsutum l. genome, as the left and right borders of the inserted fragment are nucleotides 61,962,952 and 61,962,921 of chromosome d10, respectively. in addition, a 31-bp cotton ...201627379683
relationship between external stink bug (hemiptera: pentatomidae) boll-feeding symptoms and internal boll damage with respect to cotton lint gin-out and fiber quality.cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., bolls from 17 field locations in northeastern north carolina and southeastern virginia, having 20% or greater internal boll damage, were studied to determine the relationship between external feeding symptoms and internal damage caused by stink bug (hemiptera: pentatomidae) feeding. in 2006 and 2007, two cohorts of 100 bolls each were sampled at all field locations. the first cohort was removed as bolls reached approximately quarter size in diameter (2.4 cm). exter ...201021309249
engineering cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) for resistance to cotton leaf curl disease using viral truncated ac1 dna sequences.several important biological processes are performed by distinct functional domains found on replication-associated protein (rep) encoded by ac1 of geminiviruses. two truncated forms of replicase (tac1) gene, capable of expressing only the n-terminal 669 bp (5'ac1) and c-terminal 783 bp (3'ac1) nucleotides cloned under transcriptional control of the camv35s were introduced into cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) using lba4404 strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens to make use of an interference strateg ...201121327530
characterization of a novel annexin gene from cotton (gossypium hirsutum cv cri 35) and antioxidative role of its recombinant protein.plant annexins represent a multigene family involved in cellular elongation and development. a cdna encoding a novel annexin was isolated from a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber cdna library and designated ghanx1. this gene encodes a 316 amino acid protein with a theoretical molecular mass of 36.06 kda and a theoretical pi of 6.19. at the amino acid level, it shares high sequence similarity and has evolutionary relationships with annexins from higher plants. the purified recombinant protein exp ...201121348939
overexpression of the phytochrome b gene from arabidopsis thaliana increases plant growth and yield of cotton (gossypium hirsutum).the phytochrome b (phyb) gene of arabidopsis thaliana was introduced into cotton through agrobacterium tumefaciens. integration and expression of phyb gene in cotton plants were confirmed by molecular evidence. messenger rna (mrna) expression in one of the transgenic lines, qcc11, was much higher than those of control and other transgenic lines. transgenic cotton plants showed more than a two-fold increase in photosynthetic rate and more than a four-fold increase in transpiration rate and stomat ...201121462389
phenotypic and molecular evaluation of cotton hairy roots as a model system for studying nematode resistance.agrobacterium rhizogenes-induced cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) hairy roots were evaluated as a model system for studying molecular cotton-nematode interactions. hairy root cultures were developed from the root-knot nematode (rkn) (meloidogyne incognita [kofoid and white] chitwood, race 3)-resistant breeding line m315 and from the reniform nematode (rn) (rotylenchulus reniformis linford & oliveira)-resistant accession gb713 (g. barbadense l.) and compared to a nematode-susceptible culture derive ...200919578854
a cotton group c map kinase gene, ghmpk2, positively regulates salt and drought tolerance in tobacco.mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades play important roles in mediating biotic and abiotic stress responses. in plants, mapks are classified into four major groups (a-d) according to their sequence homology and conserved phosphorylation motifs. compared with well-studied mapks in groups a and b, little is known about group c. in this study, we functionally characterised a stress-responsive group c mapk gene (ghmpk2) from cotton (gossypium hirsutum). northern blot analysis indicated th ...201121590508
cotton bcp genes encoding putative blue copper-binding proteins are functionally expressed in fiber development and involved in response to high-salinity and heavy metal stresses.copper is vitally required for plants at low concentrations but extremely toxic for plants at elevated concentrations. plants have evolved a series of mechanisms to prevent the consequences of the excess or deficit of copper. these mechanisms require copper-interacting proteins involved in copper trafficking. blue copper-binding proteins (bcps) are a class of copper proteins containing one blue copper-binding domain binding a single type i copper. to investigate the role of bcps in plant develop ...201021029107
Agrobacterium-mediated virus-induced gene silencing assay in cotton.Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most important crops worldwide. Considerable efforts have been made on molecular breeding of new varieties. The large-scale gene functional analysis in cotton has been lagged behind most of the modern plant species, likely due to its large size of genome, gene duplication and polyploidy, long growth cycle and recalcitrance to genetic transformation(1). To facilitate high throughput functional genetic/genomic study in cotton, we attempt to develop rapid a ...201121876527
phylogeny and pathogenicity of fusarium oxysporum isolates from cottonseed imported from australia into california for dairy cattle feed.a unique biotype of the fusarium wilt pathogen, fusarium oxysporum schlecht. f.sp. vasinfectum (atk) sny. & hans., found in australia in 1993 is favored by neutral or alkaline heavy soils and does not require plant parasitic nematodes to cause disease. this makes it a threat to 4-6 million acres of usa upland cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.) that is grown on heavy alkaline soil and currently is not affected by fusarium wilt. in 2001-2002, several shiploads of live cottonseed were imported into ca ...201122004096
Overexpression of a cotton cyclophilin gene (GhCyp1) in transgenic tobacco plants confers dual tolerance to salt stress and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci infection.The full-length cDNA of a cyclophilin-like gene was cloned from Gossypium hirsutum using rapid amplification of cDNA ends and was designated as GhCyp1, a member of the immunophilin protein family. GhCyp1 expression level was higher in roots and stems than in other tissues of cotton, as determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To characterize the GhCyp1 gene, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was transformed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens with a vector to express ...201122000049
susceptibility of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) strains from central colombia to two insecticides, methomyl and lambda-cyhalothrin: a study of the genetic basis of resistance.spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is an important pest of several crops in the western hemisphere. this insect has genetically differentiated into two host-associated populations: the corn (zea mays l.) and the rice (oryza sativa l.) strains. the corn strain also is found in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and sorghum and the rice strain in bermuda grass [cynodon dactylon (l.) pers.] and millet. in the united states and brazil, lines from corn, rice, bermuda grass, and ...201122066201
indigenous perception and characterization of yanyanku and ikpiru: two functional additives for the fermentation of african locust bean.indigenous perception, processing methods, and physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of yanyanku and ikpiru, two additives used to produce fermented african locust bean condiments, sonru and iru, were evaluated. according to producers, these additives accelerate the fermentation and soften the texture of the condiments. yanyanku is produced by spontaneous fermentation with either hibiscus sabdariffa or gossypium hirsutum or adansonia digitata seeds, whereas only hibiscus sabdariffa ...201121888591
[photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency of cotton canopy in oasis edge of linze].the measurement system of li-8100 carbon flux and the modified assimilation chamber were used to study the photosynthetic characteristics of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) canopy in the oasis edge region in middle reach of heihe river basin, mid hexi corridor of gansu. at the experimental site, soil respiration and evaporation rates were significantly higher in late june than in early august, and the diurnal variation of canopy photosynthetic rate showed single-peak type. the photosynthetic rate ...201020873616
impact of mine waste dumps on growth and biomass of economically important crops.the present study aimed to investigate the effect of magnesite and bauxite waste dumps on growth and biochemical parameters of some edible and economically important plants such as vigna radiata, v. mungo, v. unguiculata, eleusine coracana, cajanus cajan, pennisetum glaucum, macrotyloma uniflorum, oryza sativa, sorghum bicolour, sesamum indicum, ricinus communis, brassica juncea, gossypium hirsutum and jatropha curcas. the growth rate of all the crops was observed in the range of 75 to 100% in m ...201223741803
[construction and pathogenicity tests of a mutated specific fragment scf73 in verticillium dahliae].to identify preliminarily the specific fragment scf73's function in verticillium dahlia virulence.201223383504
genetic structure and gene flow among brazilian populations of heliothis virescens (lepidoptera: noctuidae).population genetic studies are essential to the better application of pest management strategies, including the monitoring of the evolution of resistance to insecticides and genetically modified plants. bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) crops have been instrumental in controlling tobacco budworm, heliothis virescens (f.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), a pest that has developed resistance to many common insecticides once used for its management. in our study, microsatellite markers were applied to ...201223356080
[arachnofauna (araneae: araneae) in transgenic and conventional cotton crops (gossypium hirsutum) in the north of santa fe, argentina].spiders have considerable potential importance for their role as predators to some pests in agricultural systems. the composition of spiders in transgenic and conventional cotton at the research station of inta reconquista (santa fe) was studied during the 2005-2006 season. the experiment was a complete randomized block design with three replications and three treatments: transgenic bt cotton (albt), conventional cotton without chemical control (alcsc), and conventional cotton with chemical cont ...201223894933
characterization and functional analysis of ghrdr6, a novel rdr6 gene from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l).rna-dependent rna polymerase 6 (rdr6) is not only involved in viral resistance but also plays an important role in natural plant development. in the present study, a novel rdr gene named ghrdr6 was isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l). alignment and evolutionary relationship analyses showed that ghrdr6 is more closely related to rdr6 than to other rdrs. expression analysis indicated that this single-copy gene is constitutively expressed in roots, stems and leaves. semi-quantitative rt-pcr ...201121679158
ghwrky3, a novel cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) wrky gene, is involved in diverse stress responses.wrky proteins play important roles in plant defense responses. in the present study, a novel wrky gene, nominated as ghwrky3, was isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the full-length cdna of ghwrky3 is 1,705 bp in length and encodes a protein with 507 amino acids containing two typical wrky domains and two zinc finger motifs. amino acid sequence alignment revealed that ghwrky3 shares a high degree of identity with other higher plant wrky proteins. the subcellular localization assay indi ...201120238169
ghhmgb3 deficiency deregulates proliferation and differentiation of cells during somatic embryogenesis in cotton.the proteins of high-mobility group box (hmgb) family were involved in the regulation of transcription and other dna-dependent processes. to investigate the function of hmgb proteins during cotton somatic embryogenesis (se), four gossypium hirsutum hmgb genes were characterized. the gene ghhmgb3 preferentially expressed in embryonic tissues and was studied in detail. rna interference and over-expression was used to regulate the expression of ghhmgb3 during cotton se by transforming both hypocoty ...201121554528
cotton ghmkk1 induces the tolerance of salt and drought stress, and mediates defence responses to pathogen infection in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana.mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (mapkk) mediate a variety of stress responses in plants. so far little is known on the functional role of mapkks in cotton. in the present study, gossypium hirsutum mkk1 (ghmkk1) function was investigated. ghmkk1 protein may activate its specific targets in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. treatments with salt, drought, and h2o2 induced the expression of ghmkk1 and increased the activity of ghmkk1, while overexpression of ghmkk1 in nicotiana benthamiana en ...201323844212
mosquito larvicidal potential of gossypium hirsutum (bt cotton) leaves extracts against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi larvae.we aimed to extract the ingredients from leaves of gossypium hirsutum (bt cotton) using different solvents and evaluate for potential use to control different larval stages of mosquito species, aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi.201325629069
histochemical localization of enzymes in the stigma and style of gossypium hirsutum l. during pre- and post-pollination stages.the distributional pattern of some enzymes (esterase, beta-d-galactosidase, succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase) is described in the dry stigma and closed style of gossypium hirsutum l. during pre- and post-pollination stages. all the four enzymes indicated granular reaction and increased activity in the transmitting tissue and its surrounding cells during post pollinated stage. the possible physiological role of these enzymes in pollen tube growth in vivo in stigma and style is dis ...2001114462
cotton ghmkk5 affects disease resistance, induces hr-like cell death, and reduces the tolerance to salt and drought stress in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana.mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades are involved in various processes from plant growth and development to biotic and abiotic stress responses. mapk kinases (mapkks), which link mapks and mapkk kinases (mapkkks), play crucial roles in mapk cascades to mediate a variety of stress responses in plants. however, few mapkks have been functionally characterized in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). in this study, a novel gene, ghmkk5, from cotton belonging to the group c mapkks was isolated and ...201222442420
arsenophonus groel interacts with clcuv and is localized in midgut and salivary gland of whitefly b. tabaci.cotton leaf curl virus (clcuv) (gemininiviridae: begomovirus) is the causative agent of leaf curl disease in cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum). clcuv is exclusively transmitted by the whitefly species b. tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: alerodidae). b. tabaci contains several biotypes which harbor dissimilar bacterial endo-symbiotic community. it is reported that these bacterial endosymbionts produce a 63 kda chaperon groel protein which binds to geminivirus particles and protects them from rapid ...201222900008
ghwrky40, a multiple stress-responsive cotton wrky gene, plays an important role in the wounding response and enhances susceptibility to ralstonia solanacearum infection in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana.wrky transcription factors form one of the largest transcription factor families and function as important components in the complex signaling processes that occur during plant stress responses. however, relative to the research progress in model plants, far less information is available on the function of wrky proteins in cotton. in the present study, we identified the ghwrky40 gene in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and determined that the ghwrky40 protein is targeted to the nucleus and is a stres ...201424747610
coordinate accumulation of homeologous transcripts of seven cotton lea gene families during embryogenesis and germination.one of two related patterns of total transcript accumulation are seen during embryogenesis for 18 cotton lea (late embryogenesis-abundant) gene families in the allotetraploid cotton gossypium hirsutum l. cv coker 201. coordinate accumulation in each class is complex, suggesting that lea mrna abundance is regulated by several events. each of the lea gene families probably contains two active homeologous genes (alloalleles), one in each of cotton's two subgenomes. it is of interest whether both tr ...20133622929
the involvement of hydrogen peroxide in the differentiation of secondary walls in cotton fibersh2o2 is a widespread molecule in many biological systems. it is created enzymatically in living cells during various oxidation reactions and by leakage of electrons from the electron transport chains. depending on the concentration h2o2 can induce cell protective responses, programmed cell death, or necrosis. here we provide evidence that h2o2 may function as a developmental signal in the differentiation of secondary walls in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers. three lines of evidence support th ...199910069824
ghwrky15, a member of the wrky transcription factor family identified from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), is involved in disease resistance and plant development.as a large family of regulatory proteins, wrky transcription factors play essential roles in the processes of adaptation to diverse environmental stresses and plant growth and development. although several studies have investigated the role of wrky transcription factors during these processes, the mechanisms underlying the function of wrky members need to be further explored, and research focusing on the wrky family in cotton crops is extremely limited.201222883108
oviposition and development of the tarnished plant bug (heteroptera: miridae) on field maize.reduced insecticide use in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., as a consequence of the boll weevil eradication program and the broad adoption of bt cotton, have helped make the tarnished plant bug, lygus lineolaris (palisot de beauvois), a consistent pest of cotton each year in the mid-south. maize, zea mays l., has been implicated as having a role in the season-long dynamics of tarnished plant bug infestations in cotton. to date, no published information exists describing the quality of maize as a ...201022127158
Efficient free fatty acid production in Escherichia coli using plant acyl-ACP thioesterases.Microbial biosynthesis of fatty acid-like chemicals from renewable carbon sources has attracted significant attention in recent years. Free fatty acids can be used as precursors for the production of fuels or chemicals. Free fatty acids can be produced by introducing an acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase gene into Escherichia coli. The presence of the acyl-ACP thioesterase will break the fatty acid elongation cycle and release free fatty acid. Depending on their sequence similarity and subst ...201122001432
influence of corn on stink bugs (heteroptera: pentatomidae) in subsequent crops.in southeastern united states farmscapes, corn, zea mays l., is often closely associated with peanut, (arachis hypogaea l.), cotton, (gossypium hirsutum l.), or both. the objective of this 3-yr on-farm study was to examine the influence of corn on stink bugs (heteroptera: pentatomidae), nezara viridula (l.), and euschistus servus (say), in subsequent crops in these farmscapes. adults of both stink bug species entered corn first, and seasonal occurrence of stink bug eggs, nymphs, and adults indic ...201122251727
variable rate application of nematicides on cotton fields: a promising site-specific management strategy.field tests were conducted to determine if differences in response to nematicide application (i.e., root-knot nematode (rkn) populations, cotton yield, and profitability) occurred among rkn management zones (mz). the mz were delineated using fuzzy clustering of five terrain (tr) and edaphic (ed) field features related to soil texture: apparent soil electrical conductivity shallow (eca-shallow) and deep (eca-deep), elevation (el), slope (sl), and changes in bare soil reflectance. zones with lowes ...201223482903
transcriptome analysis of gossypium hirsutum flower buds infested by cotton boll weevil (anthonomus grandis) larvae.cotton is a major fibre crop grown worldwide that suffers extensive damage from chewing insects, including the cotton boll weevil larvae (anthonomus grandis). transcriptome analysis was performed to understand the molecular interactions between gossypium hirsutum l. and cotton boll weevil larvae. the illumina hiseq 2000 platform was used to sequence the transcriptome of cotton flower buds infested with boll weevil larvae.201425280771
genome-wide profiling of mirnas and other small non-coding rnas in the verticillium dahliae-inoculated cotton roots.micrornas (mirnas) and small interfering rnas (sirnas) are short (19-25 nucleotides) non-coding rna molecules that have large-scale regulatory effects on development and stress responses in plants. verticillium wilt is a vascular disease in plants caused by the fungal pathogen verticillium dahliae. the objective of this study is to investigate the transcriptional profile of mirnas and other small non-coding rnas in verticillium-inoculated cotton roots. four small rna libraries were constructed f ...201222558219
cotton wrky1 mediates the plant defense-to-development transition during infection of cotton by verticillium dahliae by activating jasmonate zim-domain1 expression.plants have evolved an elaborate signaling network to ensure an appropriate level of immune response to meet the differing demands of developmental processes. previous research has demonstrated that della proteins physically interact with jasmonate zim-domain1 (jaz1) and dynamically regulate the interaction of the gibberellin (ga) and jasmonate (ja) signaling pathways. however, whether and how the jaz1-della regulatory node is regulated at the transcriptional level in plants under normal growth ...201425301887
high-stearic and high-oleic cottonseed oils produced by hairpin rna-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing.we have genetically modified the fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil using the recently developed technique of hairpin rna-mediated gene silencing to down-regulate the seed expression of two key fatty acid desaturase genes, ghsad-1-encoding stearoyl-acyl-carrier protein delta 9-desaturase and ghfad2-1-encoding oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine omega 6-desaturase. hairpin rna-encoding gene constructs (hp) targeted against either ghsad-1 or ghfad2-1 were transformed into cotton (gossypium hirsutum c ...200212177486
molecular characterization of the cotton ghtub1 gene that is preferentially expressed in fiber.each fiber of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is a single epidermal cell that rapidly elongates to 2.5 to 3.0 cm from the ovule surface within about 16 d after anthesis. a large number of genes are required for fiber differentiation and development, but so far, little is known about how these genes control and regulate the process of fiber development. to investigate gene expression patterns in fiber, a cdna, ghtub1, encoding beta-tubulin was isolated from a cotton fiber cdna library. the analyses o ...200212376634
dexamethasone-inducible green fluorescent protein gene expression in transgenic plant cells.genomic research has made a large number of sequences of novel genes or expressed sequence tags available. to investigate functions of these genes, a system for conditional control of gene expression would be a useful tool. inducible transgene expression that uses green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) as a reporter gene has been investigated in transgenic cell lines of cotton (cot; gossypium hirsutum l.), fraser fir [fra; abies fraseri (pursh) poir], nordmann fir (nor; abies nordmanniana lk.), an ...200415629039
development of cotton leaf curl virus resistant transgenic cotton using antisense ßc1 gene.cotton leaf curl virus (clcuv) is a serious pathogen causing leaf curl disease and affecting the cotton production in major growing areas. the transgenic cotton (gossypium hirsutum cv. coker 310) plants were developed by using βc1 gene in antisense orientation gene driven by cauliflower mosaic virus-35s promoter and nos (nopaline synthase) terminator and mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation and somatic embryogenesis system. molecular confirmation of the transformants was carried ...201627081361
rnai-mediated resistance against cotton leaf curl disease in elite indian cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivar narasimha.cotton leaf curl disease (clcud) is caused by several distinct begomovirus species in association with disease-specific betasatellite essential for induction of disease symptoms. clcud is a serious threat for the cultivation of cotton (gossypium sp.) and several species in the family malvaceae. in this study, rnai-based approach was applied to generate transgenic cotton (gossypium hirsutum) plants resistant to cotton leaf curl rajasthan virus (clcurv). an intron hairpin (ihp) rnai construct capa ...201627028623
antisense expression of gossypium hirsutum udp-glucuronate decarboxylase in arabidopsis leads to changes in cell wall components.udp-glucuronate decarboxylase (udp-xylose synthase; uxs, ec 4.1.1.35) is an essential enzyme of the non-cellulosic polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway. in the present study, using transient expression of fluorescently labeled gossypium hirsutum uxs (ghuxs3) protein in onion epidermal cells, we observed that this protein was distributed in the cytoplasm. the ghuxs3 cdna of cotton was expressed in an antisense orientation in arabidopsis thaliana by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation ...201626909959
constitutive expression of the tzs gene from agrobacterium tumefaciens virg mutant strains is responsible for improved transgenic plant regeneration in cotton meristem transformation.key message : virg mutant strains of a nopaline type of agrobacterium tumefaciens increase the transformation frequency in cotton meristem transformation. constitutive cytokinin expression from the tzs gene in the virg mutant strains is responsible for the improvement. strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were tested for their ability to improve cotton meristem transformation frequency. two disarmed a. tumefaciens nopaline strains with either a virgn54d constitutively active mutation or virgi77v ...201626650837
overexpression of 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase gene from gossypium hirsutum enhances arabidopsis resistance to verticillium wilt.expression of dhs1 in cotton is induced upon infection by verticillium dahliae , and overexpression of ghdhs1 endows transgenic arabidopsis plants excellent verticillium resistance. verticillium wilt is caused by a soil-borne fungus verticillium dahliae. resistance in most cotton cultivars is either scarce or unavailable, making verticillium wilt a major obstacle in cotton production. here, we identified a 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase (dhs, ec 4.1.2.15) gene from gossypium hirsutum, nam ...201525929795
ghh2a12, a replication-dependent histone h2a gene from gossypium hirsutum, is negatively involved in the development of cotton fiber cells.ghh2a12 was preferentially expressed at the initiation and early elongation stage of cotton fiber development, and overexpression of ghh2a12 caused retardation of fiber initiation and produced shorter fibers. histone h2a is a component of eukaryotic chromatin whose function has not been studied in cotton. we have isolated an h2a gene encoding 156 amino acids, named ghh2a12. like other plant histone h2as, ghh2a12 contains a typical spkk motif in the carboxy-terminal and a plant-unique peptide-bin ...201425001001
sucrose synthase affects carbon partitioning to increase cellulose production and altered cell wall ultrastructure.overexpression of the gossypium hirsutum sucrose synthase (susy) gene under the control of 2 promoters was examined in hybrid poplar (populus alba x grandidentata). analysis of rna transcript abundance, enzyme activity, cell wall composition, and soluble carbohydrates revealed significant changes in the transgenic lines. all lines showed significantly increased susy enzyme activity in developing xylem. this activity manifested in altered secondary cell wall cellulose content per dry weight in al ...200919625620
inoculant of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (rhizophagus clarus) increase yield of soybean and cotton under field conditions.nutrient availability is an important factor in crop production, and regular addition of chemical fertilizers is the most common practice to improve yield in agrosystems for intensive crop production. the use of some groups of microorganisms that have specific activity providing nutrients to plants is a good alternative, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) enhance plant nutrition by providing especially phosphorus, improving plant growth and increasing crop production. unfortunately, the use ...201627303367
the cotton actin1 gene is functionally expressed in fibers and participates in fiber elongation.single-celled cotton fiber (gossypium hirsutum) provides a unique experimental system to study cell elongation. to investigate the role of the actin cytoskeleton during fiber development, 15 g. hirsutum actin (ghact) cdna clones were characterized. rna gel blot and real-time rt-pcr analysis revealed that ghact genes are differentially expressed in different tissues and can be classified into four groups. one group, represented by ghact1, is expressed predominantly in fiber cells and was studied ...200515722467
the cotton myb108 forms a positive feedback regulation loop with cml11 and participates in the defense response against verticillium dahliae infection.accumulating evidence indicates that plant myb transcription factors participate in defense against pathogen attack, but their regulatory targets and related signaling processes remain largely unknown. here, we identified a defense-related myb gene (ghmyb108) from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and characterized its functional mechanism. expression of ghmyb108 in cotton plants was induced by verticillium dahliae infection and responded to the application of defense signaling molecules, inclu ...201626873979
fine mapping and identification of candidate genes for a qtl affecting meloidogyne incognita reproduction in upland cotton.the southern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita; rkn) is one of the most important economic pests of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). host plant resistance, the ability of a plant to suppress nematode reproduction, is the most economical, practical, and environmentally sound method to provide protection against this subterranean pest. the resistant line auburn 623rnr and a number of elite breeding lines derived from it remain the most important source of root-knot nematode (rkn) res ...201627503539
comparative transcriptome analysis of gossypium hirsutum l. in response to sap sucking insects: aphid and whitefly.cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) is a major fiber crop that is grown worldwide; it faces extensive damage from sap-sucking insects, including aphids and whiteflies. genome-wide transcriptome analysis was performed to understand the molecular details of interaction between gossypium hirsutum l. and sap-sucking pests, namely aphis gossypii (aphid) and bemisia tabacci (whiteflies). roche's gs-titanium was used to sequence transcriptomes of cotton infested with aphids and whiteflies for 2 h and 24 h.201323577705
construction of a plant-transformation-competent bibac library and genome sequence analysis of polyploid upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).cotton, one of the world's leading crops, is important to the world's textile and energy industries, and is a model species for studies of plant polyploidization, cellulose biosynthesis and cell wall biogenesis. here, we report the construction of a plant-transformation-competent binary bacterial artificial chromosome (bibac) library and comparative genome sequence analysis of polyploid upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) with one of its diploid putative progenitor species, g. raimondii ulbr.201323537070
evaluation of brevibacillus brevis as a potential plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for cotton (gossypium hirsutum) crop.the present investigation was undertaken to isolate, screen and evaluate a selected promising pgpr brevibacillus brevis on cotton crop. out of 156 bacterial isolates one of the most promising isolate was analyzed for the various pgp traits. a seed germination analysis was conducted with cotton seeds to evaluate the potential of the isolate to promote plant growth. the bacterial isolate was checked for its growth and survival at high temperatures. the isolate was also analyzed for the pgp traits ...201627386392
cu/zn superoxide dismutases in developing cotton fibers: evidence for an extracellular form.hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species are important signaling molecules in diverse physiological processes. previously, we discovered superoxide dismutase (sod) activity in extracellular protein preparations from fiber-bearing cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seeds. we show here, based on immunoreactivity, that the enzyme is a cu/zn-sod (csd). immunogold localization shows that csd localizes to secondary cell walls of developing cotton fibers. five cotton csd cdnas were cloned from c ...200818425534
high throughput agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated germline transformation of mechanically isolated meristem explants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).agrobacterium tumefaciens mediates high frequency of germline transformation of cotton meristem explants. the meristem transformation system we developed is rapid, high throughput and genotype-flexible. we have developed a high throughput cotton transformation system based on direct agrobacterium inoculation of mechanically isolated meristem explants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the explants were inoculated with a disarmed a. tumefaciens strain, ab33 harboring a 2 t-dna binary vector pmon1 ...201424129847
agroinoculation of a full-length cdna clone of cotton leafroll dwarf virus (clrdv) results in systemic infection in cotton and the model plant nicotiana benthamiana.cotton blue disease is the most important viral disease of cotton in the southern part of south america. its etiological agent, cotton leafroll dwarf virus (clrdv), is specifically transmitted to host plants by the aphid vector (aphis gossypii) and any attempt to perform mechanical inoculations of this virus into its host has failed. this limitation has held back the study of this virus and the disease it causes. in this study, a full-length cdna of clrdv was constructed and expressed in vivo un ...201323623981
development of insect-resistant transgenic cotton with chimeric tvip3a accumulating in chloroplasts.an optimized vip3a gene, designated as vip3a* was chemically synthesized and a thi1 gene chloroplast transit peptide coding sequence was attached to its 5' end to produce the tvip3a*. vip3a* and tvip3a* genes were transformed into gossypium hirsutum cv. zhongmiansuo35 mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. four independent transgenic t1 lines with single-copy insertions and unchanged phenotypes (ctv1 and ctv2 for tvip3a*, and cv1 and cv2 for vip3a*) were selected by polymerase chain reaction (pc ...201323143498
cell suspension culture-mediated incorporation of the rice bel gene into transgenic cotton.cotton plants engineered for resistance to the herbicides, glyphosate or glufosinate have made a considerable impact on the production of the crop worldwide. in this work, embryogenic cell cultures derived from gossypium hirsutum l. cv coker 312 hypocotyl callus were transformed via agrobacterium tumefaciens with the rice cytochrome p450 gene, cyp81a6 (bel). in rice, bel has been shown to confer resistance to both bentazon and sulfanylurea herbicides. transformed cells were selected on a liquid ...201222768325
overexpression of the atlos5 gene increased abscisic acid level and drought tolerance in transgenic cotton.drought is the major environmental stress that limits cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) production worldwide. los5/aba3 (los5) encodes a molybdenum co-factor and is essential for activating aldehyde oxidase, which is involved in abscisic acid (aba) biosynthesis. in this study, a los5 cdna of arabidopsis thaliana was overexpressed in cotton cultivar zhongmiansuo35 (z35) by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. the transformation and overexpression of atlos5 were assessed by pcr and rt-p ...201222412184
growth and disinfestation of 6 different bacteria in embryogenic suspension cultures of cotton.growth of 6 different common laboratory bacteria (escherichia coli, flavobacterium balustrum, xanthomonas maltophilia, enterobacter cloacae, pseudomonas fluorescens, and agrobacterium tumefaciens) in a bacterial medium, fresh plant medium, and "spent" plant media was initially measured. in all cases, bacteria grew best in the bacterial medium followed by the fresh plant medium. the spent plant medium did not support growth of the bacteria and apparently was actively toxic to bacterial cells. pro ...199124221727
transformation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) by agrobacterium tumefaciens and regeneration of transgenic plants.cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cotyledon tissues have been efficiently transformed and plants have been regenerated. cotyledon pieces from 12-day-old aseptically germinated seedlings were inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing avirulent ti (tumor-inducing) plasmids with a chimeric gene encoding kanamycin resistance. after three days cocultivation, the cotyledon pieces were placed on a callus initiation medium containing kanamycin for selection. high frequencies of transform ...198724277496
chilling stress--the key predisposing factor for causing alternaria alternata infection and leading to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaf senescence.leaf senescence plays a vital role in nutrient recycling and overall capacity to assimilate carbon dioxide. cotton premature leaf senescence, often accompanied with unexpected short-term low temperature, has been occurring with an increasing frequency in many cotton-growing areas and causes serious reduction in yield and quality of cotton. the key factors for causing and promoting cotton premature leaf senescence are still unclear. in this case, the relationship between the pre-chilling stress a ...201222558354
genome-wide transcriptome analysis of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) identifies candidate gene signatures in response to aflatoxin producing fungus aspergillus flavus.aflatoxins are toxic and potent carcinogenic metabolites produced from the fungi aspergillus flavus and a. parasiticus. aflatoxins can contaminate cottonseed under conducive preharvest and postharvest conditions. united states federal regulations restrict the use of aflatoxin contaminated cottonseed at >20 ppb for animal feed. several strategies have been proposed for controlling aflatoxin contamination, and much success has been achieved by the application of an atoxigenic strain of a. flavus i ...201526366857
conversion of fusaric acid to fusarinol by aspergillus tubingensis: a detoxification reaction.the fungus fusarium oxysporum causes wilt diseases of plants and produces a potent phytotoxin fusaric acid (fa), which is also toxic to many microorganisms. an aspergillus tubingensis strain with high tolerance to fa was isolated from soil and designated as cdrat01. hplc analysis of culture filtrates from a. tubingensis isolate cdrat01 grown with the addition of fa indicated the formation of a metabolite over time that was associated with a decrease of fa. spectral analysis and chemical synthesi ...201424352475
application of bacteria from non-cultivated plants to promote growth, alter root architecture and alleviate salt stress of cotton.cotton seeds are frequently treated with acid to remove fibres and reduce seed-transmitted diseases. this process also eliminates beneficial bacteria on the seed surface. the goal of this research was to seek and apply beneficial bacteria to acid delinted cotton seeds to evaluate their growth-promoting and salt stress alleviating effects in seedlings.201728176460
bacillus gossypii sp. nov., isolated from the stem of gossypium hirsutum.a gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming organism, isolated from the stem of gossypium hirsutum, was studied to determine its taxonomic position. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence similarity comparisons, strain jm-267t was grouped in the genus bacillus, related most closely to the type strains of bacillus simplex and bacillus huizhouensis (both 97.8%), bacillus muralis (97.7%), bacillus butanolivorans and bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus (both 97.3%). 16s rrna gene s ...201526303844
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