| uptake of sulfate but not phosphate by mycobacterium tuberculosis is slower compared to mycobacterium smegmatis. | knowledge of the metabolic pathways used by mycobacterium tuberculosis during infection is important for understanding its nutrient requirements and host adaptation. however, uptake, the first step in utilization of nutrients, is poorly understood for many essential nutrients such as inorganic anions. here, we show that m. tuberculosis utilizes nitrate as the sole nitrogen source albeit at lower efficiency than asparagine, glutamate and arginine. growth of the porin triple mutant m. smegmatis ml ... | 2011 | 22194452 |
| cutaneous mycobacterium massiliense infection: a sporadic case in japan. | | 2011 | 21951175 |
| synthesis and in vitro antimycobacterial activity of compounds derived from (r)- and (s)-2-amino-1-butanol - the crucial role of the configuration. | the synthesis of 47 structurally diverse compounds incorporating the (r)-2-amino-1-butanol motif has been realized. ten of these compounds were found to exhibit in vitro specific activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv in a mic range of 0.65 μm-14.03 μm. five of the most active compounds 11, 22, 23, 31 and 42 (5.7-11.1 fold more active than ethambutol) can be outlined with very low cytotoxicity towards human embryonal kidney non-tumour cells (si ranging from 91.2 to 375.4). for the pur ... | 2011 | 22154833 |
| multiplex real-time pcr assay and melting curve analysis for identifying mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria. | a multiplex real-time pcr assay and melting curve analysis for identifying 23 mycobacterial species was developed and evaluated using 77 reference strains and 369 clinical isolates. concordant results were obtained for all 189 (100%) isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and 169 (93.9%) isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria. our results showed that this multiplex real-time pcr assay is an effective tool for the mycobacterial identification from cultures. | 2011 | 22162553 |
| activation of anti-tumor immune response and reduction of regulatory t cells with mycobacterium indicus pranii (mip) therapy in tumor bearing mice. | role of immune system in protecting the host from cancer is well established. growing cancer however subverts immune response towards th2 type and escape from antitumor mechanism of the host. activation of both innate and th1 type response is crucial for host antitumor activity. in our previous study it was found, that mycobacterium indicus pranii (mip) also known as m. w induces th1 type response and activates macrophages in animal model of tuberculosis. hence, we studied the immunotherapeutic ... | 2011 | 21984926 |
| recurrent neck abscesses due to cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy in an elderly woman post-splenectomy: a case report. | abstract: introduction: there are approximately 7000 new cases of tuberculosis every year in the uk, the majority of which are pulmonary. approximately 5% affect the lymph nodes in immunocompetent patients. scrofula is an old term used to describe lymph nodes of the neck infected with tuberculosis case presentation: in the elderly population, growing neck lumps are always treated as red flags until a diagnosis is confirmed. here, the case of an 89-year-old caucasian woman is presented. she was ... | 2011 | 22185644 |
| γδ t cells response to mycobacterium tuberculosis in pulmonary tuberculosis patients using preponderant complementary determinant region 3 sequence. | the unique immunological functions of γδ t lymphocytes to contribute immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis attracted interest of researchers. however, little is known about the specificity of γδ τ cell in tuberculosis patients and the lack of exact tuberculosis antigen recognized by γδ t cells limited its application. the analysis of complementary determinant region (cdr)3 sequence characteristic in γδ t cells of tuberculosis patients would contribute to understand the distribution specifi ... | 2011 | 21985819 |
| molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in the cross river state, nigeria. | this study provides with a first insight on mycobacterium tuberculosis complex epidemiology and genetic diversity in the cross river state, nigeria. starting with 137 smear positive patients recruited over a period of 12months (june 2008 to may 2009), we obtained 97 pure mycobacterial isolates out of which 81 (83.5%) were identified as m. tuberculosis complex. genotyping revealed a total of 27 spoligotypes patterns with 10 clusters (n=64% or 79% of clustered isolates, 2-32 isolates/cluster), wit ... | 2011 | 21878397 |
| complete genome sequence of mycobacterium sp. strain (spyr1) and reclassification to mycobacterium gilvum spyr1. | mycobacterium sp.spyr1 is a newly isolated strain that occurs in a creosote contaminated site in greece. it was isolated by an enrichment method using pyrene as sole carbon and energy source and is capable of degrading a wide range of pah substrates including pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorene, anthracene and acenapthene. here we describe the genomic features of this organism, together with the complete sequence and annotation. the genome consists of a 5,547,747 bp chromosome and two plasmids, a lar ... | 2011 | 22180818 |
| mycobacterium wolinskyi: a case series and review of the literature. | mycobacterium wolinskyi is an uncommonly encountered rapidly growing mycobacterium. to date, only 12 clinical cases have been reported in the literature. in this report, we describe 5 additional cases of m. wolinskyi infection seen at the mayo clinic in rochester, mn, since 2009. the clinical manifestations were sternal wound infections (n = 2), a surgical site wound infection, a cardiac-device pocket site infection, and a vascular graft infection with bacteremia. the infections occurred in both ... | 2011 | 21945390 |
| chest wall abscess due to mycobacterium bovis bcg after intravesical bcg therapy. | we report a case of chest wall abscess caused by mycobacterium bovis bcg that arose as a complication 1 year after intravesical bcg instillation. we identified m. bovis bcg tokyo 172 in the abscess by pcr-based typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and analysis of variable number of tandem repeats data. | 2011 | 22116141 |
| molecular characterisation of isoniazid- and rifampicin-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in central tunisia. | the aim of our study was to genotypically characterise isoniazid (inh) and rifampicin (rmp) resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in sousse, central tunisia, using dna sequencing and multispacer sequence typing (mst). the results show that 27/28 (96.4%) and 1/28 (3.6%) inh-resistant isolates yielded respectively the kat g s315t and the inh a - 15c → t mutations. two-thirds of rmp-resistant isolates yielded the rpo b d516v mutation and one sixth yielded either h526d or s531l mutations. g ... | 2011 | 22118179 |
| a convenient synthesis of glucose monomycolate. | an efficient synthesis of glucose monomycolate, an important lipidic antigen from mycobacterium tuberculosis is described. | 2011 | 22154492 |
| structural studies of mycobacterium tuberculosis rv0899 reveal a monomeric membrane-anchoring protein with two separate domains. | rv0899 from mycobacterium tuberculosis belongs to the ompa (outer membrane protein a) family of outer membrane proteins. it functions as a pore-forming protein; the deletion of this gene impairs the uptake of some water-soluble substances, such as serine, glucose, and glycerol. rv0899 has also been shown to play a part in low-ph environment adaption, which may play a part in pathogenic mycobacteria overcoming the host's defense mechanisms. based on many bacterial physiological data and recent st ... | 2011 | 22108166 |
| proteogenomic analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis by high resolution mass spectrometry. | the genome sequencing of h37rv strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis was completed in 1998 followed by the whole genome sequencing of a clinical isolate, cdc1551 in 2002. since then, the genomic sequences of a number of other strains have become available making it one of the better studied pathogenic bacterial species at the genomic level. however, annotation of its genome remains challenging because of high gc content and dissimilarity to other model prokaryotes. to this end, we carried out an ... | 2011 | 21969609 |
| bcg sub-strains induce variable protection against virulent pulmonary mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, with the capacity to drive th2 immunity. | the hallmark of a vaccine is to induce long-term protective immunity against the pathogen. the use of mycobacterium bovis bcg as a vaccine against tuberculosis has been problematic in that immunity induced by bcg wanes over time and it may be less effective against more virulent strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. thus it is important to determine what factors might be associated with waning or inefficient immunity. one such factor has been associated with the difference in many types of bcg ... | 2011 | 22015391 |
| clofazimine: current status and future prospects. | clofazimine, a lipophilic riminophenazine antibiotic, possesses both antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. however, its efficacy has been demonstrated only in the treatment of leprosy, not in human tuberculosis, despite the fact that this agent is impressively active in vitro against multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. recent insights into novel targets and mechanisms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity coupled with the acquisition of innovative d ... | 2011 | 22020137 |
| bola-drb3 exon 2 mutations associated with paratuberculosis in cattle. | a single nucleotide polymorphism at the antigen recognition site of the bovine leucocyte antigen (bola) drb3 gene was assessed in healthy and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) - infected cattle, in order to determine if there was a correlation between mutations and altered susceptibility to infection. of a sample of 200 animals, 19.6% were found to be infected with map. pcr - single strand conformational polymorphism analysis of the bola drb3 gene found 19 genotypes (16 in the he ... | 2011 | 21930402 |
| polymeric sequence probe for single dna detection. | a polynucleotide probe, polymeric sequence probe (psp), was developed for single molecular detections. psp is a single-stranded dna molecule with ~2000 tandem repeat target-binding sequences and label-binding sequences. a single psp can bind to multiple fluorescent complementary oligos to generate a strong fluorescence signal. single target molecules bound to psps can be clearly visualized by a conventional fluorescence microscope. an ultrasensitive psp-based assay for mycobacterium tuberculosis ... | 2011 | 21870869 |
| targeting cattle-borne zoonoses and cattle pathogens using a novel trypanosomatid-based delivery system. | trypanosomatid parasites are notorious for the human diseases they cause throughout africa and south america. however, non-pathogenic trypanosomatids are also found worldwide, infecting a wide range of hosts. one example is trypanosoma (megatrypanum) theileri, a ubiquitous protozoan commensal of bovids, which is distributed globally. exploiting knowledge of pathogenic trypanosomatids, we have developed trypanosoma theileri as a novel vehicle to deliver vaccine antigens and other proteins to catt ... | 2011 | 22046137 |
| lymphocyte apoptosis in children with central nervous system tuberculosis: a case control study. | abstract: background: studies of the apoptosis mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis have suggested that mycobacterium tuberculosis can actively interfere with the apoptosis of infected cells. in vivo studies have been performed in adult populations but have not focused on this process in children. in the present study, we analyzed spontaneous t lymphocyte (pbt) apoptosis in the peripheral blood of children with central nervous system tuberculosis (cns tb), before and after ch ... | 2011 | 22111973 |
| comparison of two nucleic acid amplification assays, the xpert mtb/rif assay and the amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct assay, for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory and nonrespiratory specimens. | we compared the performance of the xpert mtb/rif assay, a new real-time tuberculosis (tb) pcr test, with that of the amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct (mtd) assay using 162 respiratory and nonrespiratory specimens. based on culture as the gold standard, the overall sensitivity and specificity for all sample types for the xpert mtb/rif assay were 90.9 and 89%, respectively, while for the mtd assay, the overall sensitivity and specificity were 97.3 and 87.1%, respectively. a higher propo ... | 2011 | 21865419 |
| binding of activated isoniazid with acetyl-coa carboxylase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | accd6 (acetyl coenzyme a (coa) carboxylase), plays an important role in mycolic acid synthesis of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). induced gene expression by isoniazid (isonicotinylhydrazine - inh), anti-tuberculosis drug) shows the expression of accd6. it is our interest to study the binding of activated inh with the accd6 model using molecular docking procedures. the study predicts a primary binding site for activated inh (isonicotinyl acyl radical) in accd6 as a potential target. | 2011 | 22125378 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis response to stress from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. | | 2011 | 21904537 |
| comparative study of the antimicrobial activity of native and exotic plants from the caatinga and atlantic forest selected through an ethnobotanical survey. | context: the idea that many commonly used medicinal plants may lead to the discovery of new drugs has encouraged the study of local knowledge of these resources. objective: an ethnobotanical survey of species traditionally used for the treatment of infectious diseases was undertaken in two areas of northeastern brazil: one in the caatinga (dry forest) and another in the atlantic forest (humid forest). material: initially, diffusion tests using paper disks and subsequently, for extracts prese ... | 2011 | 22188395 |
| [nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infections]. | diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection, which most often cause pulmonary disease, are increasing. only a few of the numerous mycobacteria species are clearly pathogenic. patients, either immunocompetent or immunocompromised, with orwithout underlying disease, are contaminated from the environment. diagnosis, according to standardized criteria, is based on clinical picture, radiological exams and positive microbiological samples, usually on more than one occasion (slow growing cultur ... | 2011 | 22097449 |
| the population structure of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in south africa. | genotyping of multidrug-resistant (mdr) mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from tuberculosis (tb) patients in four south african provinces (western cape, eastern cape, kwazulu-natal and gauteng) revealed a distinct population structure of the mdr strains in all four regions despite the evidence of substantial human migration between these settings. in all analyzed provinces, a negative correlation between strain diversity and an increasing level of drug resistance (from mdr-tb to extens ... | 2011 | 22170931 |
| disseminated mycobacterium gordonae infection in a child with cystic fibrosis. | a 4-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis (cf) presented with unrelenting pyrexia commencing shortly after flushing of the central venous catheter (cvc). mycobacterium gordonae was subsequently isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage, gastric washings, and lung biopsy. while this case most likely represents central line infection by a non-tuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) species, it is difficult to state this definitively in the absence of positive cultures from the cvc. we suggest that infection with ... | 2011 | 22028301 |
| synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel substituted 8-amino, 8-thio, and 1,8-pyrazole congeners of antitubercular rifamycin s and rifampin. | a series of rifamycin s and rifampin analogues incorporating substituted 8-amino, 8-thio, and 1,8-pyrazole substituents has been synthesized. the compounds were made by activation of the c-8 phenol as a sulfonate ester, followed by displacement with selected nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles. the analogues were screened in assays to quantify their antitubercular activity under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and for inhibition of wild-type mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) rnap and rifamyci ... | 2011 | 21903392 |
| mycobacterium chelonae infection involving the auricle. | | 2011 | 21908384 |
| performance of immunochromatographic and elisa tests for detecting fallow deer infected with mycobacterium bovis. | fallow deer (dama dama) are widely distributed as natural or naturalised populations, as well as in game parks and deer farms. we used 157 fallow deer sampled in populations considered to be mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) free and 73 mycobacterium bovis-infected fallow deer confirmed postmortem by culture to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two tests for the detection of anti-mycobacterial antibodies: the dual path platform (dpp) vettb assay and the bovine purified protein deriva ... | 2011 | 22071126 |
| Biochemical characterization of recombinant guaA-encoded guanosine monophosphate synthetase (EC 6.3.5.2) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. | Administration of the current tuberculosis (TB) vaccine to newborns is not a reliable route for preventing TB in adults. The conversion of XMP to GMP is catalyzed by guaA-encoded GMP synthetase (GMPS), and deletions in the Shiguella flexneri guaBA operon led to an attenuated auxotrophic strain. Here we present the cloning, expression, and purification of recombinant guaA-encoded GMPS from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtGMPS). Mass spectrometry data, oligomeric state determination, steady-state ki ... | 2012 | 22119138 |
| tuberculosis vaccine promises sterilizing immunity. | | 2011 | 21988991 |
| large aortic necrotizing granuloma: a rare manifestation of mycobacterial infection. | | 2011 | 22115271 |
| dithiocarbamates strongly inhibit the β-class carbonic anhydrases from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a series of n-mono- and n,n-disubstituted dithiocarbamates have been investigated as inhibitors of two β-carbonic anhydrases (cas, ec 4.2.1.1) from the bacterial pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis, mtca 1 (rv1284) and mtca 3 (rv3273). both enzymes were inhibited with efficacies between the subnanomolar to the micromolar one, depending on the substitution pattern at the nitrogen atom from the dithiocarbamate zinc-binding group. aryl, arylalkyl-, heterocyclic as well as aliphatic and amino acyl s ... | 2011 | 22145736 |
| validation of an immunochromatographic assay kit for the identification of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | the performance of the immunochromatographic assay, sd bioline tb ag mpt64 rapid®, was evaluated in madagascar. using mouse anti-mpt64 monoclonal antibodies for rapid discrimination between the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria, the kit was tested on mycobacteria and other pathogens using conventional methods as the gold standard. the results presented here indicate that this kit has excellent sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) compared to standard biochem ... | 2011 | 22012237 |
| endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway-mediated apoptosis in macrophages contributes to the survival of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | apoptosis is thought to play a role in host defenses against intracellular pathogens, including mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), by preventing the release of intracellular components and the spread of mycobacterial infection. this study aims to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress mediated apoptosis in mycobacteria infected macrophages. | 2011 | 22194844 |
| identification and characterization of inhibitors of the aminoglycoside resistance acetyltransferase eis from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | stopping resistance in tuberculosis: the unusually regioversatile acetyltransferase eis is a cause of resistance to kanamycin a in cases of tuberculosis. en route to new tuberculosis treatments, several inhibitors of the eis enzyme were identified and characterized. | 2011 | 21898832 |
| mycobacterium chimaera pulmonary infection complicating cystic fibrosis: a case report. | abstract: | 2011 | 21939536 |
| A novel genetically engineered Mycobacterium smegmatis-based vaccine promotes anti-TB immunity. | Evaluation of: Sweeney KA, Dao DN, Goldberg MF et al. A recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis induces potent bactericidal immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat. Med. 17, 1261-1268 (2011). Pulmonary TB remains a global health threat. Prophylactic immunization with Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the only key strategy to control TB. Ineffectiveness of BCG immunization in TB-endemic areas and BCG-related safety issues in HIV-positive infants have prompted the development of new TB vaccines. A ... | 2012 | 22149706 |
| [stable expression of mycobacterium tuberculosis protein espb in raw264.7]. | we established a cell line stably expressing mycobacterium tuberculosis secretory protein espb in order to provide evidences for studying espb in modulating the functions of macrophage. | 2011 | 22043801 |
| environmental tobacco smoke exposure increases mycobacterium tuberculosis infection risk in children. | data on the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ets) and mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children are limited. | 2011 | 22008762 |
| to tst or not to tst: is tuberculin skin testing necessary before bcg immunisation in children? | bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine is one of the most commonly administered vaccines worldwide. in countries with high tb prevalence, it is generally given shortly after birth. in a number of low tb prevalence countries, bcg is used as a travel vaccine, typically given to children outside the neonatal period prior to visiting regions where tb is common. in this setting, it is recommended that latent tb infection (ltbi) resulting from prior exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis is excluded by ... | 2011 | 22155145 |
| [blood culture results in specialistic unit for pulmonary illness and tuberculosis in bystra in 2008-2010]. | the study presents the results of analysis of blood culture examination carried out in specialistyczny zespół chorób płuc i gruźlicy in bystra in 2008-2010. contamination incidence and number of blood samples taken from individual patients make it possible to assess if the procedure for taking material for microbiological examination is carried out. the analysis of positive test results allows for the evaluation of epidemiological condition of the hospital and it is also largely dependent on the ... | 2011 | 22184946 |
| mycobacterium genavense as a cause of subacute pneumonia in patients with severe cellular immunodeficiency. | background: mycobacterium genavense is a rare nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm). human infections are mostly disseminated in the setting of the aids epidemic or the use of aggressive immunosuppressive treatments. m. genavense culture is fastidious, requiring supplemented media. pulmonary involvement rarely occurs as a primary localization. cases presentation: we report here two patients with pneumonia as the predominant manifestation of m. genavense infection: one kidney transplanted patient and ... | 2011 | 22054169 |
| tubercular liver abscess in immuno-competent patients. | we report two cases, the first one a 35 years old male, chronic alcoholic, and the other, a 15 years old boy, who presented to us with fever, rt. hypochondrial pain, with usg-abdomen revealing multiple liver abscesses in the first, and a single large abscess in the second. both patients showed leucocytosis and, mildly deranged liver function tests. aspirated pus was sterile, and the patients did not show any clinical improvement despite broad spectrum antibiotics and amoebicides. re-aspiration o ... | 2011 | 21887915 |
| elimination of leprosy as a public health problem by 2000 ad: an epidemiological perspective. | leprosy is caused by mycobacterium leprae and manifests as damage to the skin and peripheral nerves. the disease is dreaded because it causes deformities, blindness and disfigurement. worldwide, 2 million people are estimated to be disabled by leprosy. multidrug therapy is highly effective in curing leprosy, but treating the nerve damage is much more difficult. the world health assembly targeted to eliminate leprosy as a public health problem from the world by 2000. the objective of the review w ... | 2011 | 22145052 |
| osteomyelitis of the spine caused by mycobacterium avium complex in an immunocompetent patient. | | 2011 | 22170522 |
| interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 as a biomarker for active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in children: a case-control study. | background: interferon-gamma (ifn-γ) release assays (igras) are suboptimally sensitive to diagnose tuberculosis (tb) and latent tb infection (ltbi) in young children. in this study we compared mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-stimulated ifn-γ inducible protein 10 (ip-10) responses in children with active tb and ltbi to responses from children with non-tuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) lymphadenopathy and respiratory tract infection (rti). we also assessed test agreement between ip-10 and the qua ... | 2011 | 22103555 |
| how do patients who fail first-line tb treatment but who are not placed on an mdr-tb regimen fare in south india? | seven districts in andhra pradesh, south india. | 2011 | 22022433 |
| a role for c-myc in regulating anti-mycobacterial responses. | c-myc (myc) is a well known transcription factor that regulates many essential cellular processes; however, its role in modulating immunity is not known. here, we showed different species of mycobacteria can induce myc expression via erk1/2 and jnk activation. unexpectedly, the induced myc is localized in the cytoplasm but not in the nucleus. this induced myc expression is associated with the induction of tnf-α and il-6 and with the suppression of intracellular mycobacterial growth. to delineate ... | 2011 | 21997212 |
| PPE38 Modulates the Innate Immune Response and Is Required for Mycobacterium marinum Virulence. | The proline-glutamic acid (PE) and proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE) family proteins are prevalent in pathogenic mycobacteria and play a diverse role in mycobacterial pathogenesis. While some members have been studied, the function of most PE/PPE proteins remains unknown. In this study, we isolated a transposon-inactivated PPE38 mutant of Mycobacterium marinum and characterized its phenotype. We found that the PPE38 protein is associated with the cell wall and exposed on the cell surface. The ... | 2012 | 22038915 |
| camber: an approach to support comparative analysis of multiple bacterial strains. | there is a large amount of inconsistency in gene structure annotations of bacterial strains. this inconsistency is a frustrating impedance to effective comparative genomic analysis of bacterial strains in promising applications such as gaining insights into bacterial drug resistance. | 2011 | 21989220 |
| clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of mycobacterium haemophilum infections. | mycobacterium haemophilum is a slowly growing acid-fast bacillus (afb) belonging to the group of nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) frequently found in environmental habitats, which can colonize and occasionally infect humans and animals. several findings suggest that water reservoirs are a likely source of m. haemophilum infections. m. haemophilum causes mainly ulcerating skin infections and arthritis in persons who are severely immunocompromised. disseminated and pulmonary infections occasional ... | 2011 | 21976605 |
| tuberculosis-like pneumonias by the aerobic actinomycetes rhodococcus, tsukamurella and gordonia. | the order actinomycetales includes phylogenetically diverse but morphologically similar aerobic and anaerobic organisms, exhibiting filamentous branching structures which fragment into rods or coccoid forms. lung pathogens of the order comprise mycobacterium, nocardia, corynebacterium, actinomyces, kytococcus, rothia, williamsia, as well as gordonia, tsukamurella and rhodococcus. particularly, members of the last three genera are uncommon aerobic agents of lung cavitations and tuberculosis(tb)-l ... | 2011 | 22192786 |
| granulomatous hepatitis from disseminated mycobacterium bovis infection: shift of an intended local towards a detrimental systemic infection. | | 2011 | 21922888 |
| cloning, expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of the c-terminal domain of rv3262 (fbib) from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | during cofactor f(420) biosynthesis, the enzyme f(420)-γ-glutamyl ligase (fbib) catalyzes the addition of γ-linked l-glutamate residues to form polyglutamylated f(420) derivatives. in mycobacterium tuberculosis, rv3262 (fbib) consists of two domains: an n-terminal domain from the f(420) ligase superfamily and a c-terminal domain with sequence similarity to nitro-fmn reductase superfamily proteins. to characterize the role of the c-terminal domain of fbib in polyglutamyl ligation, it has been pur ... | 2011 | 22102046 |
| [tuberculosis : diagnostics and prophylaxis]. | infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis causes primarily formation of granulomatous tubercles in the lungs. in the absence of any clinical symptoms it is named latent tuberculosis infection which can be an origin of reactivation, especially as a consequence of an impaired response of the immune system. complete anamnesis, radiographic methods and bacteriological analysis (microscopy, culture, pcr) are useful for diagnosis of tuberculosis. since 2005 newer in vitro tests are available using int ... | 2011 | 22139204 |
| imatinib-sensitive tyrosine kinases regulate mycobacterial pathogenesis and represent therapeutic targets against tuberculosis. | the lengthy course of treatment with currently used antimycobacterial drugs and the resulting emergence of drug-resistant strains have intensified the need for alternative therapies against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the etiologic agent of tuberculosis. we show that mtb and mycobacterium marinum use abl and related tyrosine kinases for entry and intracellular survival in macrophages. in mice, the abl family tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib (gleevec), when administered prophylactically ... | 2011 | 22100163 |
| [comparison of proportion method in löwenstein-jensen medium with the bactec 460 tb system for antimycobacterial susceptibility testing of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates]. | this study was conducted to compare bactec 460 tb system and the proportion method in commercially available and ready to use antibiotic added löweinstein-jensen (lj) medium for susceptibility testing of first line drugs in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates. a total 238 m.tuberculosis strains isolated from clinical samples in our laboratory between 2006-2010 period were included in the study. susceptibility testing for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol in commercially ... | 2011 | 22090293 |
| pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of tmc207 and its n-desmethyl metabolite in a murine model of tuberculosis. | tmc207 is a first in class diarylquinoline with a new mode of action against mycobacteria targeting the atp synthase. it is metabolized to an active derivative, n-desmethyl tmc207, and both compounds are eliminated with long terminal half-lives (50-60 hours in mice) reflecting slow release from tissues such as lung and spleen. in vitro, tmc207 is 5-fold more potent against mycobacterium tuberculosis than n-desmethyl tmc207, and the effects of the two compounds are additive. the pharmacokinetic-p ... | 2011 | 22155815 |
| Zoonotic bacteria, antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in ornamental fish: a systematic review of the existing research and survey of aquaculture-allied professionals. | SUMMARYUsing systematic review methodology, global research reporting the frequency of zoonotic bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in ornamental fish, and human illness due to exposure to ornamental fish, was examined. A survey was performed to elicit opinions of aquaculture-allied personnel on the frequency of AMU and AMR in ornamental fish. The most commonly reported sporadic human infections were associated with Mycobacterium marinum, while Salmone ... | 2012 | 21906415 |
| differential combination of cytokine and interferon- γ +874 t/a polymorphisms determines disease severity in pulmonary tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis infects nearly 1/3 of the world population and this reservoir forms the largest pool from which new cases arise. among the cytokines, ifn-γ is a key determinant in protection against tuberculosis. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in ifn-γ gene (+874 t/a) which determine tt high ((hi)), aa low ((lo)) and ta intermediate ((int)) responder phenotypes have shown variable associations with tuberculosis disease outcome in different ethnic populations. the objective of ... | 2011 | 22140472 |
| An adjunctive therapeutic vaccine against reactivation and post-treatment relapse tuberculosis. | Preventing latently infected or inadequately treated individuals from progressing to active disease could make a major impact on tuberculosis (TB) control worldwide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new approach to prevent reactivation and TB relapse that combines drug treatment and vaccination. Mycobacterium tuberculosis harbors a gene called mce1R that, in vivo, negatively regulates a 13-gene cluster called the mce1 operon. In a Cornell mouse model, BALB/c mice infected with M. tube ... | 2012 | 22079078 |
| microbiology. pyrazinamide--old tb drug finds new target. | | 2011 | 21921185 |
| a broad set of different llama antibodies specific for a 16 kda heat shock protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | recombinant antibodies are powerful tools in engineering of novel diagnostics. due to the small size and stable nature of llama antibody domains selected antibodies can serve as a detection reagent in multiplexed and sensitive assays for m. tuberculosis. | 2011 | 22046343 |
| an antibacterial from hypericum acmosepalum inhibits atp-dependent mure ligase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in a project to characterise new antibacterial chemotypes from plants, hyperenone a and hypercalin b were isolated from the hexane and chloroform extracts of the aerial parts of hypericum acmosepalum. the structures of both compounds were characterised by extensive one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and were confirmed by mass spectrometry. hyperenone a and hypercalin b exhibited antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains of staphylococcus aureu ... | 2011 | 22079533 |
| monoclonal antibodies against a mycobacterium tuberculosis ag85b-hsp16.3 fusion protein. | the secreted mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) proteins, ag85b and hsp16.3, have been the focus of intensive research in recent years. these proteins have high sensitivity in bacterium-negative tuberculosis (tb) patients, and are valuable for the rapid diagnosis of bacterium-negative tb. fusion proteins including multiple antigens such as ag85b and hsp16.3 provide improved sensitivity and specificity for serological diagnosis of active tb compared with a single antigen. many studies have shown th ... | 2011 | 22008069 |
| substrate recognition by β-ketoacyl-acp synthases. | β-ketoacyl-acp synthase (kas) enzymes catalyze claisen condensation reactions in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. these reactions follow a ping-pong mechanism in which a donor substrate acylates the active site cysteine residue after which the acyl group is condensed with the malonyl-acp acceptor substrate to form a β-ketoacyl-acp. in the priming kasiii enzymes the donor substrate is an acyl-coa while in the elongating kasi and kasii enzymes the donor is an acyl-acp. although the kasiii enzy ... | 2011 | 22017312 |
| chemical scaffolds with structural similarities to siderophores of nonribosomal peptide-polyketide origin as novel antimicrobials against mycobacterium tuberculosis and yersinia pestis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and yersinia pestis (yp) produce siderophores with scaffolds of nonribosomal peptide-polyketide origin. compounds with structural similarities to these siderophores were synthesized and evaluated as antimicrobials against mtb and yp under iron-limiting conditions mimicking the iron scarcity these pathogens encounter in the host and under standard iron-rich conditions. several new antimicrobials were identified, including some with increased potency in the iron-li ... | 2011 | 21940166 |
| evaluation of the in vitro activity of gallium nitrate against mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis. | to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of various field isolates of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) to gallium nitrate. | 2011 | 21879983 |
| substrate binding modulates the activity of mycobacterium smegmatis g, a flavin-dependent monooxygenase involved in the biosynthesis of hydroxamate-containing siderophores. | mycobacterium smegmatis g (mbsg) is a flavin-dependent monooxygenase that catalyzes the nad(p)h- and oxygen-dependent hydroxylation of the terminal amino group on the side chain of l-lysine in the biosynthetic pathway of the siderophore mycobactin. mycobactins are essential for mycobacterium growth under iron-limiting conditions encountered during infection in mammals. thus, enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of mycobactin represent potential drug targets. mbsg was expressed in escherichia col ... | 2011 | 21870809 |
| rapid identification and detection of intracellular survival testing of mycobacterium smegmatis mc²155 that contains eis gene from mycobacterium tuberculosis by flow cytometry. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is a facultative intracellular pathogen that has evolved the ability to survive and multiply within human macrophages. the enhanced intracellular survival (eis) gene (rv2416c) from m. tuberculosis has been identified as a potential factor that can enhance the intracellular survival of mycobacterium smegmatis in the macrophage cell line. however, the time requirements for intracellular survival testing of mycobacterium using classical methodologies are still too long. i ... | 2011 | 21858695 |
| novel biomarkers distinguishing active tuberculosis from latent infection identified by gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | humans infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) can delete the pathogen or otherwise become latent infection or active disease. however, the factors influencing the pathogen clearance and disease progression from latent infection are poorly understood. this study attempted to use a genome-wide transcriptome approach to identify immune factors associated with mtb infection and novel biomarkers that can distinguish active disease from latent infection. | 2011 | 21904626 |
| using the underlying biological organization of the mycobacterium tuberculosis functional network for protein function prediction. | despite ever-increasing amounts of sequence and functional genomics data, there is still a deficiency of functional annotation for many newly sequenced proteins. for mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), more than half of its genome is still uncharacterized, which hampers the search for new drug targets within the bacterial pathogen and limits our understanding of its pathogenicity. as for many other genomes, the annotations of proteins in the mtb proteome were generally inferred from sequence homol ... | 2011 | 22085822 |
| antibacterial activity of two biflavonoids from garcinia livingstonei leaves against mycobacterium smegmatis. | amentoflavone and 4' monomethoxy amentoflavone were previously isolated from garcinia livingstonei leaves. these compounds had good activities (mic 6 and 8 μg/ml) against some nosocomial bacteria. in this study, the activity of these purified compounds were tested against fast-growing non-pathogenic mycobacterium smegmatis. amentoflavone was the most active compound, with an mic of 0.60 ± 0.70 mg/ml. the mic of 4' monomethoxy amentoflavone and the positive control isoniazid against mycobacterium ... | 2011 | 21920421 |
| mycobacterium chelonae infection in a patient being treated with adalimumab. | | 2011 | 21885027 |
| association of human tlr1 and tlr6 deficiency with altered immune responses to bcg vaccination in south african infants. | the development of effective immunoprophylaxis against tuberculosis (tb) remains a global priority, but is hampered by a partially protective bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine and an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of immunity to mycobacterium tuberculosis. although host genetic factors may be a primary reason for bcg's variable and inadequate efficacy, this possibility has not been intensively examined. we hypothesized that toll-like receptor (tlr) variation is associated with a ... | 2011 | 21852947 |
| [synthesis and antituberculosis activity of the derivatives of glycoside steviolbioside from the plant stevia rebaudiana and diterpenoid isosteviol containing hydrazone, hydrazide and pyridinoyl moieties]. | conjugates of antitubercular drug isoniazid (hydrazide of isonicotinic acid), nicotinic and alpha-picolinic acid hydrazides and glycoside steviolbioside from the plant stevia rebaudiana as well as the product of its acid hydrolysis, diterpenoid isosteviol, were synthesized. besides, isosteviol hydrazide and hydrazone derivatives as well as conjugates containing two isosteviol moieties connected by dihydrazide linker were also obtained. both initial compounds and their synthetic derivatives inhib ... | 2011 | 22096997 |
| intrathecal drug delivery device infection and meningitis due to mycobacterium fortuitum: a case report. | intrathecal drug delivery device infection with mycobacterium fortuitum has not been reported previously. we report a case of an implanted baclofen pump infection and associated mycobacterium meningitis due to mycobacterium fortuitum. the entire pump system was removed and the patient was treated successfully with a prolonged regimen of antibiotics. | 2008 | 22151146 |
| primary isolation of mycobacterium bovis from bovine tissues: conditions for maximising the number of positive cultures. | in studies of mycobacterium bovis infection in animals a definitive diagnosis requires the isolation of the organism. however, the optimum conditions for the primary isolation of m. bovis have not been determined. the aim of this study was to determine for primary isolation of m. bovis, (a) the incubation time required to achieve maximum sensitivity (i.e., the number of positive samples identified), (b) the effect of decontaminants on bacterial growth rates, and (c) the influence of media and th ... | 2011 | 22074859 |
| real-time pcr and high resolution melt analysis for rapid detection of mycobacterium leprae drug resistance mutations and strain types. | drug resistance surveillance and strain typing of mycobacterium leprae are necessary to investigate ongoing transmission of leprosy in endemic regions. to enable wider implementation of these molecular analyses, novel real time-pcr-high resolution melt (rt-pcr-hrm) assays without allele specific primers or probes and post pcr sample handling were developed. for the detection of mutations within drug resistance determining regions (drdrs) of folp1, rpob and gyra, targets for dapsone, rifampicin a ... | 2011 | 22170923 |
| [cutaneous eyelid tuberculosis--a case report]. | tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by a germ called mycobacterium tuberculosis. the bacteria usually attacks the lungs, but it can also affects other human organs or tissues. localization of tuberculosis out of respiratory system is very rare and sometimes difficult to establish. our patient finally diagnosed as lid tuberculosis with negative tuberculin reaction and clinical presentation as basal cell carcinoma of the lids, is a strong argument for that. | 2011 | 21913451 |
| [disseminated infection due to mycobacterium abscessus in an hiv-infected patient]. | | 2011 | 21981938 |
| protection against tuberculosis in eurasian wild boar vaccinated with heat-inactivated mycobacterium bovis. | tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium bovis and closely related members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex continues to affect humans and animals worldwide and its control requires vaccination of wildlife reservoir species such as eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa). vaccination efforts for tb control in wildlife have been based primarily on oral live bcg formulations. however, this is the first report of the use of oral inactivated vaccines for controlling tb in wildlife. in this study, ... | 2011 | 21935486 |
| dynamic cross-talk among remote binding sites: the molecular basis for unusual synergistic allostery. | allosteric regulation of protein function is critical for metabolic control. binding of allosteric effectors elicits a functional change in a remote ligand binding site on a protein by altering the equilibrium between different forms in the protein ensemble. 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (dah7ps) catalyzes the first step in the shikimate pathway, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids trp, phe, and tyr. feedback regulation by the aromatic amino a ... | 2011 | 22154807 |
| a model of tuberculosis screening for pregnant women in resource-limited settings using xpert mtb/rif. | timely diagnosis and treatment of maternal tuberculosis (tb) is important to reduce morbidity and mortality for both the mother and child, particularly in women who are coinfected with hiv. the world health organization (who) recommends the integration of tb/hiv screening into antenatal services but available diagnostic tools are slow and insensitive, resulting in delays in treatment initiation. recently the who endorsed xpert mtb/rif, a highly sensitive, real-time pcr assay for mycobacterium tu ... | 2012 | 22007302 |
| the high prevalence of listeria monocytogenes peritonitis in cirrhotic patients of an egyptian medical center. | spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) is a potentially lethal complication of cirrhosis. it is probably the most characteristic infectious complication of cirrhosis. | 2011 | 22000850 |
| elucidation and chemical modulation of sulfolipid-1 biosynthesis in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) possesses unique cell-surface lipids that have been implicated in virulence. one of the most abundant is sulfolipid-1 (sl-1), a tetraacyl-sulfotrehalose glycolipid. although the early steps in sl-1 biosynthesis are known, the machinery underlying the final esterification reactions is not understood. we provide genetic and biochemical evidence for the activities of two proteins, chp1 and sap (corresponding to gene loci rv3822 and rv3821), that complete this pat ... | 2011 | 22194604 |
| immunogenicity of eight mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis specific antigens in dna vaccinated and map infected mice. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the etiological agent of chronic enteritis of the small intestine in domestic and wild ruminants, causes substantial losses to livestock industry. control of this disease is seriously hampered by the lack of adequate diagnostic tools and vaccines. here we report on the immunogenicity of eight map specific antigens, i.e. map1693c, ag3, map2677c (identified by post-genomic and immunoproteomic analysis of map secretome) and ag5, ag6, map1637c, map0 ... | 2011 | 22088673 |
| molecular genetic analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains spread in different patient groups in st. petersburg, russia. | molecular epidemiological features of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains among different patient groups in russia have not been studied well. the aim of our study was to compare the genotypes of m. tuberculosis strains circulating among tuberculosis (tb) patients from different groups: homeless, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected, prisoners, and the general population of st. petersburg citizens. one hundred and forty-two m. tuberculosis complex isolates from different tb patient groups ... | 2011 | 22160887 |
| structural view of the regulatory subunit of aspartate kinase from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the aspartate kinase (ak) from mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) catalyzes the biosynthesis of aspartate family amino acids, including lysine, threonine, isoleucine and methionine. we determined the crystal structures of the regulatory subunit of aspartate kinase from mtb alone (referred to as mtbakβ) and in complex with threonine (referred to as mtbakβ-thr) at resolutions of 2.6 å and 2.0 å, respectively. mtbakβ is composed of two perpendicular non-equivalent act domains [aspartate kinase, chori ... | 2011 | 21976064 |
| structural features in the ksha terminal oxygenase protein that determine substrate preference of 3-ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase enzymes. | rieske nonheme monooxygenase 3-ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase (ksh) enzymes play a central role in bacterial steroid catabolism. ksh is a two-component iron-sulfur-containing enzyme, with ksha representing the terminal oxygenase component and kshb the reductase component. we previously reported that the ksha1 and ksha5 homologues of rhodococcus rhodochrous dsm43269 have clearly different substrate preferences. ksha protein sequence alignments and three-dimensional crystal structure information for k ... | 2012 | 22020644 |
| ultra-low dose of mycobacterium tuberculosis aerosol creates partial infection in mice. | a murine low dose (ld) aerosol model is commonly used to test tuberculosis vaccines. doses of 50-400 cfu (24h lung cfu) infect 100% of exposed mice. the ld model measures progression from infection to disease based on organ cfu at defined time points. to mimic natural exposure, we exposed mice to an ultra-low dose (uld) aerosol. we estimated the presented dose by sampling the aerosol. female c57bl/6 mice were exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv aerosol at 1.0, 1.1, 1.6, 5.4, and 11 cfu p ... | 2011 | 22197183 |
| the role of wildlife in mycobacterium bovis infection of livestock in new zealand. | abstract extract tuberculosis control programmes directed at farmed livestock are complicated by the natural occurrence of the disease in wildlife species in new zealand. a steadily increasing incidence of infected herds during the 1980s led to a centrally organised research programme to investigate key issues and to test the many popular but largely anecdote-based hypotheses about tuberculosis in wildlife prevalent at the time. the resulting research effort has clarified many aspects of the rol ... | 2002 | 21838632 |
| Association of tibial osteomyelitis and pneumonitis due to miliary tuberculosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease, which has great prevalence and uncommon manifestations of opportunistic infectious diseases, mainly due to the multiple abnormalities of the immune system and the immunosuppressive effect of the medications used in its treatment. Patients whit SLE have an increased incidence of tuberculosis, and osteoarticular involvement occurs in 1%-3% of the cases, manifesting as pain, reduction in mobility, and increased osteoarticular v ... | 2011 | 22124597 |
| isoxyl assays in plasma. | isoxyl is an effective drug to treat multi-drug resistant (mdr) tuberculosis but was abandoned due to failure in some clinical outcomes. the aim of this study was to develop and validate a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) method for determination of isoxyl concentrations in plasma, a prerequisite for understanding poor in vivo behavior of the drug. in the method, isoxyl was extracted from guinea pig plasma with acetonitrile and quantified by a hewlett packard 1100 ser ... | 2012 | 22119164 |
| pharmacophore insights into rpob gene mutations in mycobacterium tuberculosis rifampicin resistant isolates. | this paper reports the susceptibility profile to rifabutin (rfb) 1 and six recently synthesized rfb analogs 3-8, of either rifampicin (rfp) susceptible mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistant clinical isolates from two sources: mexico and brazil. taking into account that about 95% of m. tuberculosis strains resistant to rfp present mutations in the rpob gene, with some of these mutations being determinant also to rfb resistance, the rfb analogs were screened for activity against a set of known ... | 2011 | 22100303 |
| regulation of neutrophils by interferon-γ limits lung inflammation during tuberculosis infection. | resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis requires the host to restrict bacterial replication while preventing an over-exuberant inflammatory response. interferon (ifn) γ is crucial for activating macrophages and also regulates tissue inflammation. we dissociate these two functions and show that ifn-γ(-/-) memory cd4(+) t cells retain their antimicrobial activity but are unable to suppress inflammation. ifn-γ inhibits cd4(+) t cell production of il-17, which regulates neutrophil recruitment. in a ... | 2011 | 21967766 |
| Sterostreins A-E, new terpenoids from cultures of the Basidiomycete Stereum ostrea BCC 22955. | Sterostreins A-E (1, 2, 3a/3b, 4, and 5), five novel terpenoids, were isolated from cultures of the mushroom fungus Stereum ostrea BCC 22955. Sterostrein A (1) exhibited antimalarial activity (IC(50) 2.3 µg/mL) and cytotoxicity (IC(50) 5.3-38 µg/mL). | 2011 | 21848293 |