Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| repeated inoculation as a strategy for the remediation of low concentrations of phenanthrene in soil. | phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, becomes increasingly unavailable to microorganisms for degradation as it ages in soil. consequently, many bioaugmentation efforts to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil have failed. we studied the effect of repeatedly inoculating a soil with a phenanthrene-degrading arthrobacter sp. on the mineralization kinetics of low concentrations of phenanthrene. after the first inoculation, the initial mineralization rate of 50 ng/g phenanthre ... | 2001 | 11826901 |
| growth of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from sea water using phenol as the sole carbon source. | moderately halophilic bacteria utilizing phenol as the sole carbon source were isolated by selective enrichment from sea water. the isolate (gram-negative motile rods) was identified as deleya venusta. it grew well in the presence of up to 1600 mg/l of phenol and 8% nacl under aerobic conditions. when the cells were treated with chloramphenicol prior to the addition of phenol they did not utilize added phenol, even after prolonged incubation. thus, the enzymes necessary for phenol metabolism app ... | 2001 | 11830940 |
| [strains of pseudomonas fluorescens 3 and arthrobacter sp. 2--degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]. | pseudomonas fluorescences 3 and arthrobacter sp. 2 strains were isolated from the association of microorganisms--destructors of oil hydrocarbons and were selected for their ability to grow on media with phenanthrene as the only source of carbon and energy. the p. fluorescens 3 strain is able to grow on naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. arthrobacter sp. 2 strain did not grow on naphthalene, but was able to destruct phenanthrene and fluorene. the destruction activity of these st ... | 2001 | 11785266 |
| dual-bioaugmentation strategy to enhance remediation of cocontaminated soil. | although metals are thought to inhibit the ability of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants, several microbial mechanisms of resistance to metal are known to exist. this study examined the potential of cadmium-resistant microorganisms to reduce soluble cadmium levels to enhance degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) under conditions of cocontamination. four cadmium-resistant soil microorganisms were examined in this study. resistant up to a cadmium concentration of 275 micr ... | 2001 | 11425743 |
| modular structure, local flexibility and cold-activity of a novel chitobiase from a psychrophilic antarctic bacterium. | the gene archb encoding for the cell-bound chitobiase from the antarctic gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter sp. tad20 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli in a soluble form. the mature chitobiase archb possesses four functionally independent domains: a catalytic domain stabilized by ca(2+), a galactose-binding domain and an immunoglobulin-like domain followed by a cell-wall anchorage signal, typical of cell-surface proteins from gram-positive bacteria. binding of saccharides was analyz ... | 2001 | 11428890 |
| effects of lipids on n-alkane attenuation in media supporting oil-utilizing microorganisms from the oily arabian gulf coasts. | the arabian gulf is one of the most extensively oil-polluted areas of the world. the major objectives of this work were to study whether hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms indigenous to that area would readily accumulate added lipids, and whether this might affect their hydrocarbon consumption potential. two prokaryotes, arthrobacter nicotianae kcc b35 and the unidentified organisms kcc b6, as well as one eukaryote, candida parapsilosis kcc y1, were selected for this study. biomass samples of ... | 2001 | 11430415 |
| bioremediation of an area contaminated by a fuel spill. | in order to decontaminate a large area of restricted access contaminated by a fuel spill, laboratory and field studies were developed in two steps: (a) monitoring of the laboratory experiment on bacterial growth under aerobic and anaerobic conditions with and without addition of nutrients; and (b) use of the best conditions obtained in (a) for the decontamination of the soil. a hydraulic barrier was installed both to clean the aquifer and to avoid migration of hydrocarbons as a consequence of th ... | 2001 | 11432263 |
| isolation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb)-degrading microorganisms and characterization of phb-depolymerase from arthrobacter sp. strain w6. | microbial degraders of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) were isolated from soil. arthrobacter sp. strain w6 used not only phb as a carbon source, but also phas such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[5%]3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[14%]3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[22%]3-hydroxyvalerate). phb-depolymerase was purified to homogeneity from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. strain w6 by a procedure involving deae- and butyl-toyopearl column chromatographies. the m ... | 2001 | 11440137 |
| purification and characterization of carbaryl hydrolase from arthrobacter sp. rc100. | a carbaryl hydrolase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain rc100 by protamine sulfate treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and hydrophobic, anion-exchange, and gel filtration chromatographies. the native enzyme had a molecular mass of 100 kda and was composed of two identical subunits with molecular masses of 51 kda. the hydrolase activity was strongly inhibited by difp, pmsf, hg(2+) and paraoxon but not by edta. the optimum ph and temperature for the enzyme activity wer ... | 2001 | 11445174 |
| isolation and characterisation of new gram-negative and gram-positive atrazine degrading bacteria from different french soils. | the capacity of 12 soils to degrade atrazine was studied in laboratory incubations using radiolabelled atrazine. eight soils showed enhanced degradation of this compound. twenty-five bacterial strains able to degrade atrazine were isolated by an enrichment method from 10 of these soils. these soils were chosen for their wide range of physico-chemical characteristics. their history of treatment with atrazine was also variable. the genetic diversity of atrazine degraders was determined by amplifie ... | 2001 | 11451526 |
| trehalose-producing operon treyz from arthrobacter ramosus s34. | arthrobacter ramosus s34, which produces trehalose from maltooligosaccharide, was isolated. a trehalose-producing operon, treyz, was cloned from the genome. expression experiments with trey and trez confirmed that they coded malto-oligosyltrehalose synthase and malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase, respectively. the amino acid sequence of trey from a. ramosus s34 and that from arthrobacter sp. q36 did not show high identity, nor did those of trez. | 2001 | 11471747 |
| modeling of copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. in a uf/mf membrane reactor. | copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. has been studied in this work. the process has been realized inside of a ultrafiltration/microfiltration (uf/mf) reactor in order to confine cells. a mathematical model has been developed that is able to predict experimental data under different operating conditions. the model takes into account different phenomena, which might occur during the process, such as a dependence of equilibrium parameters on ph, a partial cell disruption, and a change in the memb ... | 2001 | 11478261 |
| alpha 2,3-sialylation of terminal galnac beta 1-3gal determinants by st3gal ii reveals the multifunctionality of the enzyme. the resulting neu5ac alpha 2-3galnac linkage is resistant to sialidases from newcastle disease virus and streptococcus pneumoniae. | enzymatic alpha 2,3-sialylation of galnac has not been described previously, although some glycoconjugates containing alpha 2,3-sialylated galnac residues have been reported. in the present experiments, recombinant soluble alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase st3gal ii efficiently sialylated the x(2) pentasaccharide galnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glc, globo-n-tetraose galnac beta 1-3gal alpha 1-4gal beta 1-4glc, and the disaccharide galnac beta 1-3gal in vitro. the purified product ... | 2001 | 11479313 |
| construction, overexpression, and purification of arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase-strep-tag ii fusion protein. | the copper-containing amine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis has been expressed and purified as a fusion protein with a c-terminal strep-tag ii peptide. this tag facilitates the rapid purification of the enzyme on a large scale using the streptactin poros medium. for example, we have demonstrated that 50 mg of protein can be obtained in 2 days from 2 l of escherichia coli. the purified fusion protein displays turnover and spectroscopic properties that are essentially identical to those of t ... | 2001 | 11483008 |
| organization of genes responsible for the stereospecific conversion of hydantoins to alpha-amino acids in arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747. | arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 hydrolyzes stereospecifically 5'-monosubstituted hydantoins to alpha-amino acids. the genes involved in hydantoin utilization (hyu) were isolated on an 8.7-kb dna fragment, and by dna sequence analysis eight orfs were identified. the hyu gene cluster includes four genes: hyup encoding a putative transport protein, the hydantoin racemase gene hyua, the hydantoinase gene hyuh, and the carbamoylase gene hyuc. the four genes are transcribed in the same direction. upst ... | 2001 | 11511866 |
| a novel disaccharide substrate having 1,2-oxazoline moiety for detection of transglycosylating activity of endoglycosidases. | a disaccharide substrate of manbeta1-4glcnac-oxazoline 2 was designed and synthesized as a novel probe for detection of the transglycosylating activity of endoglycosidases. a regio- and stereoselective transglycosylation reaction of 2 to glcnacbeta1-o-pnp or dns-asn(glcnac)-oh catalyzed by endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from mucor hiemalis (endo-m) and endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has been demonstrated for the first time, resulting in the core tri ... | 2001 | 11514092 |
| gene cluster on pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans involved in degradation of the plant alkaloid nicotine: cloning, purification, and characterization of 2,6-dihydroxypyridine 3-hydroxylase. | a 27,690-bp gene cluster involved in the degradation of the plant alkaloid nicotine was characterized from the plasmid pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans. the genes of the heterotrimeric, molybdopterin cofactor (moco)-, flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad)-, and [fe-s] cluster-dependent 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine (ketone) dehydrogenase (kdh) were identified within this cluster. the gene of the large moco subunit of kdh was located 4,266 bp from the fad and [fe-s] cluster subunit genes. deduced fun ... | 2001 | 11514508 |
| molecular and enzymatic characterization of a levan fructotransferase from microbacterium sp. al-210. | microbacterium sp. al-210 producing a novel levan fructotransferase (lftase) was screened from soil samples. the lftase was purified to homogeneity by (nh4)2so4 fractionation, column chromatography on resource q, and superdex 200hr. the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 46 kda by both sds-page and gel filtration, and the enzyme's isoelectric point was ph 4.8. the major product produced from the levan hydrolysis by the enzyme reaction was identified by atmo ... | 2001 | 11522362 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of a hydantoinase and carbamoylase gene from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3745 in escherichia coli and comparison with the corresponding genes from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747. | the genes encoding hydantoinases (hyuh1) and carbamoylases (hyuc1) from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3745 and arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 (hyuh2, hyuc2) were cloned in escherichia coli and the nucleotide sequences determined. the hydantoinase genes comprised 1,377 base pairs and the carbamoylase genes 1,239 base pairs each. both hydantoinases, as well as both carbamoylases, showed a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity (96-98%). the hyuh and hyuc genes were expressed in e ... | 2001 | 11525624 |
| isolation and characterization of psychotrophic bacteria from oil-reservoir water and oil sands. | four psychrotrophic strains, which grew at 4 degrees c but not at 37 degrees c, were isolated from japanese oil-reservoir water (strains sib1, sic1, sis1) and canadian oil sands (strain cab1). strains sib1, sis1, and cab1 had a maximum growth rate at 20 degrees c and grew to the highest cell densities at the cultivation temperature of 0-4 degrees c. strain sis1 was capable of growing even at -5 degrees c. the growth profile of strain sic1 was rather similar to that of a mesophilic bacterium. str ... | 2001 | 11525631 |
| [formation of microbial populations on the surface of protective coatings]. | formation of microbial cenosis on the surface of polyethylene-, polyurethane- and oil-bitumen-based protective coatings was studied in dynamics during 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. it has been shown that the biofilm was formed on the protective materials during 14 days and consisted of ammonifying, denitrifying, hydrocarbon-oxidizing and sulphate-reducing bacteria referred to pseudomonas, arthrobacter, bacillus and kesulfovibrio genera. the bacteria which form the biofilm on coatings possess high den ... | 2001 | 11558243 |
| [dynamic of the volume and structure of the soil bacterial complex in the presence of azobenzene]. | azobenzene exerted no significant effect on the dynamics and the species composition of the saprophytic soil bacterial complex, which remained almost the same as in the control and was characterized by the predominance of curtobacterium sp., arthrobacter globiformis, and bacillus megaterium in all stages of succession. some heterotrophic bacteria were found to be able to accumulate azobenzene. bac. cereus and bac. polymyxa degraded azobenzene during their cultivation in nutrient media. | 2001 | 11558283 |
| [microbiota of the orchid rhizoplane]. | six bacterial strains isolated from the underground roots of the terrestrial orchid calanthe vestita var. rubrooculata were found to belong to the genera arthrobacter, bacillus, mycobacterium, and pseudomonas. strains isolated from the aerial roots of the epiphytic orchid dendrobium moschatum were classified into the genera bacillus, curtobacterium, flavobacterium, nocardia, pseudomonas, rhodococcus, and xanthomonas. the rhizoplane of the terrestrial orchid was also populated by cyanobacteria of ... | 2001 | 11558285 |
| bulk and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis: plant-dependent enrichment and seasonal shifts revealed. | the bacterial rhizosphere communities of three host plants of the pathogenic fungus verticillium dahliae, field-grown strawberry (fragaria ananassa duch.), oilseed rape (brassica napus l.), and potato (solanum tuberosum l.), were analyzed. we aimed to determine the degree to which the rhizosphere effect is plant dependent and whether this effect would be increased by growing the same crops in two consecutive years. rhizosphere or soil samples were taken five times over the vegetation periods. to ... | 2001 | 11571180 |
| interactions between yeasts and bacteria in the smear surface-ripened cheeses. | in the initial phase of ripening, the microflora of bacterial smear surface-ripened cheeses such as limburger, taleggio, brick, münster and saint-paulin and that of surface mould-ripened cheeses such as camembert and brie may be similar, but at the end of the ripening, bacteria such as brevibacterium spp., arthrobacter spp., micrococcus spp., corynebacterium spp. and moulds such as penicillium camemberti are, respectively, the dominant microorganisms. yeasts such as candida spp., cryptococcus sp ... | 2001 | 11589547 |
| carotenoid accumulation in the psychrotrophic bacterium arthrobacter agilis in response to thermal and salt stress. | a psychrotrophic strain of arthrobacter agilis, isolated from antarctic sea ice, grows from 5 degrees c to 40 degrees c and in culture media containing 0-10% (w/v) nacl. maximum growth rate occurred at 30-35 degrees c with a drastic decline as the cultivation temperatures diverged. adaptation to extremes of low temperature may be partially attributed to the production of the c-50 carotenoid bacterioruberin, and its glycosylated derivatives. lowering of the cultivation temperature resulted in a c ... | 2001 | 11601625 |
| immobilization of the hydantoin cleaving enzymes from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747. | the immobilization procedure of the two industrially important hydantoin cleaving enzymes--hydantoinase and l-n-carbamoylase from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747--was optimized. using different methods (carbodiimide, epoxy activated carriers) it was possible to immobilize the crude hydantoinase from a. aurescens dsm 3747 to supports containing primary amino groups with a yield of up to 60%. immobilization on more hydrophobic supports such as eupergit c and c 250 l resulted in lower yields of act ... | 2001 | 11640987 |
| rubrobacter-related bacteria associated with rosy discolouration of masonry and lime wall paintings. | a molecular approach was chosen to analyse the correlation between bacterial colonisation and rosy discolouration of masonry and lime wall paintings of two historically important buildings in austria and germany. the applied molecular method included pcr amplification of genes encoding the small subunit rrna of bacteria (16s rdna), genetic fingerprinting by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge), construction of 16s rdna clone libraries, and comparative phylogenetic sequence analyses. th ... | 2001 | 11702076 |
| cold-active citrate synthase: mutagenesis of active-site residues. | a comparison of the crystal structure of the dimeric enzyme citrate synthase from the psychrophilic arthrobacter strain ds2-3r with that of the structurally homologous enzyme from the hyperthermophilic pyrococcus furiosus reveals a significant difference in the accessibility of their active sites to substrates. in this work, we investigated the possible role in cold activity of the greater accessibility of the arthrobacter citrate synthase. by site-directed mutagenesis, we replaced two alanine r ... | 2001 | 11707611 |
| crystal structure and mechanism of catalysis of a pyrazinamidase from pyrococcus horikoshii. | bacterial pyrazinamidase (pzaase)/nicotinamidase converts pyrazinamide (pza) to ammonia and pyrazinoic acid, which is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. loss of pzaase activity is the major mechanism of pyrazinamide-resistance by m. tuberculosis. we have determined the crystal structure of the gene product of pyrococcus horikoshii 999 (ph999), a pzaase, and its complex with zinc ion by x-ray crystallography. the overall fold of ph999 is similar to that of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrol ... | 2001 | 11714269 |
| sugar profiling proves that human serum erythropoietin differs from recombinant human erythropoietin. | erythropoietin (epo) from sera obtained from anemic patients was successfully isolated using magnetic beads coated with a human epo (hepo)-specific antibody. human serum epo emerged as a broad band after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with an apparent molecular weight slightly smaller than that of recombinant hepo (rhepo). the bandwidth corresponded with microheterogeneity because of extensive glycosylation. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealing several differ ... | 2001 | 11739166 |
| spectroscopic observation of intermediates formed during the oxidative half-reaction of copper/topa quinone-containing phenylethylamine oxidase. | the catalytic reaction of copper/topa quinone (tpq) containing amine oxidase consists of the initial, well-characterized, reductive half-reaction and the following, less studied, oxidative half-reaction. we have analyzed the oxidative half-reaction catalyzed by phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis (agao) by rapid-scan stopped-flow measurements. upon addition of dioxygen to the substrate-reduced agao at ph 8.2, the absorption bands derived from the semiquinone (tpq(sq)) and amin ... | 2001 | 11747456 |
| exposure to airborne microorganisms in fiberboard and chipboard factories. | microbiological air sampling was performed in one fiberboard factory and two chipboard factories located in south-eastern poland. it was found that the levels of bacteria, fungi, dust and bacterial endotoxin in the air of examined facilities were high during initial stages of the production cycle (shredding of waste wood, storing of chips) and then sharply decreased during further stages of this cycle (forming and formatting of the boards). in the fiberboard factory, the concentration of airborn ... | 2001 | 11748877 |
| a highly efficient transposon mutagenesis system for the tomato pathogen clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. | a transposon mutagenesis system for clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis was developed based on antibiotic resistance transposons that were derived from the insertion element is1409 from arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. as a prerequisite, the electroporation efficiency was optimized by using unmethylated dna and treatment of the cells with glycine such that about 5 x 10(6) transformants per microg of dna were generally obtained. electroporation of c. michiganensis subsp. michigan ... | 2001 | 11763129 |
| [synthesis of anabiosis autoinducers in non-spore-forming bacteria as a mechanism regulating their activity in soil and subsoil sedimentary rocks]. | non-spore-forming bacteria of the genera arthrobacter and micrococcus, isolated from permafrost subsoil, were found to produce greater amounts of the d1 extracellular factor than closely related collection strains isolated from soil. the effect of this factor, responsible for cell transition to anabiosis, was not species-specific. thus, the d1 crude preparation isolated from the culture liquid of the permafrost isolate arthrobacter globiformis 245 produced an effect on the collection strain arth ... | 2001 | 11763780 |
| weeds as a source of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in agricultural soils. | the influence of plant growth promoting (pgp) activity of bacterial communities recovered from each of six weed species (barnyard grass (echinochloa crusfalli (l.) beauv.), corn spurrey (spergula arvensis l.), goldenrod (sonchus sp.), italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum l.), lamb's-quarters (chenopodium album l.), and quack grass (agropyron repens (l.) beauv.)) was examined in relation to the effect it had on the growth of the potato cultivar russet burbank. bacterial species composition and co ... | 2001 | 11766050 |
| [biosynthesis and use of coproporphyrins and uroporphyrins and their metal complexes in immune analysis and diagnostic methods]. | methods of synthesis of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin by using bacteria of the genus arthrobacter are proposed. metal complexes of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin with pt, pd, and zn were synthesized. their structures were identified by spectrophotometry, ir spectrometry, 1h-nmr, mass spectrometry, and hplc. data showing the possibility to use coproporphyrin iii-metal complexes as luminophores for fluorescence detection of tumors. the current and prospective uses of metal complexes of water-so ... | 2001 | 11771318 |
| the formation and structures of cystites of arthrobacter ureafaciens nric 0157t induced by antibiotics. | the cystite formation of arthrobacter ureafaciens nric 0157(t) was induced by some antibiotics, and the addition of tetracycline at a lag phase was effective for cystite formation in ypm liquid medium. cystites differed from vegetative cells in the cell wall structure, protein content, and water content. furthermore, the characteristics and structures of cystites induced by tetracycline were similar to those of cystites produced by nutritional imbalance in ct medium. consequently, various trigge ... | 2001 | 12483560 |
| l-methionine degradation potentialities of cheese-ripening microorganisms. | volatile sulphur compounds are major flavouring compounds in many traditional fermented foods including cheeses. these compounds are products of the catabolism of l-methionine by cheese-ripening microorganisms. the diversity of l-methionine degradation by such microorganisms, however, remains to be characterized. the objective of this work was to compare the capacities to produce volatile sulphur compounds by five yeasts, geotrichum candidum, yarrowia lipolytica, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyc ... | 2001 | 11928962 |
| bacterial release of arsenic ions and organoarsenic compounds from soil contaminated by chemical warfare agents. | the objective of this paper was to investigate possible participation of microorganisms in the release of soluble arsenical compounds from organoarsenic warfare agents in contaminated soil. a number of bacterial strains were isolated with high resistance against as3+ and as5+ ions which are able to degrade the water insoluble compounds triphenylarsine (tp) and triphenylarsineoxide (tpo). these strains belong to different genera of bacteria. release of arsenic ions and soluble organoarsenic compo ... | 2001 | 11100795 |
| analysis of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of chrysanthemum via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of pcr-amplified 16s rrna as well as dna fragments coding for 16s rrna. | the effect of developing chrysanthemum roots on the presence and activity of bacterial populations in the rhizosphere was examined by using culture-independent methods. nucleic acids were extracted from rhizosphere soil samples associated with the bases of roots or root tips of plants harvested at different stages of development. pcr and reverse transcriptase (rt) pcr were used to amplify 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) and 16s rrna, respectively, and the products were subjected to denaturing gradient ... | 2001 | 11133442 |
| cloning, sequences, and characterization of two chitinase genes from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20: isolation and partial characterization of the enzymes. | arthrobacter sp. strain tad20, a chitinolytic gram-positive organism, was isolated from the sea bottom along the antarctic ice shell. arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 secretes two major chitinases, chia and chib (archia and archib), in response to chitin induction. a single chromosomal dna fragment containing the genes coding for both chitinases was cloned in escherichia coli. dna sequencing analysis of this fragment revealed two contiguous open reading frames coding for the precursors of archia (8 ... | 2001 | 11160110 |
| a unique sialidase that cleaves the neu5gcalpha2-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5gc linkage: comparison of its specificity with that of three microbial sialidases toward four sialic acid dimers. | we found that the hepatopancreas of oyster, crassostrea virginica, contained a sialidase capable of releasing neu5gc from the novel polysialic acid chain (-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5gcalpha2-->)n more efficiently than from the conventional type of polysialic acid chains, (-->8neu5acalpha2-->)n, or (-->8neu5gcalpha2-->)n. we have partially purified this novel sialidase and compared its reactivity with that of microbial sialidases using four different sialic acid dimers, neu5gcalpha2-->5-o(glycolyl)neu5g ... | 2001 | 11162485 |
| study of the structure-activity relationships for the pyrazinamidase (pnca) from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in an attempt to investigate the molecular basis of pyrazinamide hydrolysis by the pnca protein from mycobacterium tuberculosis, we determined the pyrazinamidase activity of nine pnca mutants bearing a single amino acid substitution. among them, three mutants (d8g, k96t and s104r) had virtually no activity (< or =0.004 unit/mg), five (f13s, t61p, p69l, y103s and a146v) retained a low level of activity (0.06-0.25 unit/mg) and one (t167l) exhibited a wild-type activity (1.51 units/mg). the possibl ... | 2001 | 11171040 |
| secretory production of arthrobacter levan fructotransferase from recombinant escherichia coli. | levan fructotransferase (lftase) from arthrobacter ureafaciens k2032 was expressed with n-terminal fusion of a lacz-derived secretion motif (tmitnsssvp) using the lac promoter system in recombinant escherichia coli jm109 [pudf-a81]. in flask cultures, recombinant enzyme activity was detected in culture media, and sequence analysis of n-terminal residues showed that about 40% of the extracellular recombinant lftase had an authentic n-terminus. in a fed-batch bioreactor containing recombinant e. c ... | 2001 | 11179640 |
| purification and characterization of aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. | aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase was purified to apparent homogeneity from 1,3-diaminopropane-grown cells of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. the native molecular mass and the subunit molecular mass of the enzyme were approximately 20,5000 and 52,000, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a tetramer of identical subunits. the apparent michaelis constant (k(m)) for 1,3-diaminopropane was approximately 3 microm. the enzyme equally used both nad(+) and nadp(+) as coenzymes. the apparent k(m) values ... | 2001 | 11179651 |
| arthrobacter siderocapsulatus dubinina and zhdanov 1975al is a later subjective synonym of pseudomonas putida (trevisan 1889) migula 1895al. | the taxonomic position of arthrobacter siderocapsulatus dubinina and zhdanov 1975al was investigated using 16s rdna, fatty acid and phenotypic analyses. the type strain (ncimb 11286t) showed 99.85% 16s rdna similarity to the type strain of pseudomonas putida. phenotypic properties of the two strains were compared using api 20ne and biolog kits. identical reactions were recorded for all tests, except for assimilation of malonic acid. the two strains also showed almost identical cellular fatty aci ... | 2001 | 11211254 |
| development of an escherichia coli whole cell biocatalyst for the production of l-amino acids. | a whole cell biocatalyst for the enzymatic production of l-amino acids from hydantoins was created by coexpressing the genes encoding the l-hydantoinase, the l-n-carbamoylase and the hydantoin racemase from arthrobacter aurescens in escherichia coli. in order to construct a well balanced reaction system the enzymatic activity in the cells was varied by using vectors with different copy numbers for expression of the genes. derivatives of psc101, pacyc184 and pbr322 were employed for the various c ... | 2001 | 11223141 |
| use of green fluorescent protein and luciferase biomarkers to monitor survival and activity of arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 cells during degradation of 4-chlorophenol in soil. | the recently isolated novel species arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 is capable of growth on and degradation of high concentrations of 4-chlorophenol (up to 350 microg ml(-1)) as the sole carbon and energy source. this strain shows promise for bioremediation of environmental sites contaminated with high levels of chlorophenols. in this study, green fluorescent protein (gfp) or luciferase (luc) genes were used as biomarkers for monitoring cell number and activity, respectively, during degradation ... | 2001 | 11225721 |
| analysis of bacterial community structure in sulfurous-oil-containing soils and detection of species carrying dibenzothiophene desulfurization (dsz) genes. | the selective effects of sulfur-containing hydrocarbons, with respect to changes in bacterial community structure and selection of desulfurizing organisms and genes, were studied in soil. samples taken from a polluted field soil (a) along a concentration gradient of sulfurous oil and from soil microcosms treated with dibenzothiophene (dbt)-containing petroleum (fsl soil) were analyzed. analyses included plate counts of total bacteria and of dbt utilizers, molecular community profiling via soil d ... | 2001 | 11229891 |
| purification and characterisation of an ester hydrolase from a strain of arthrobacter species: its application in asymmetrisation of 2-benzyl-1,3-propanediol acylates. | an ester hydrolase (abl) has been isolated from a strain of arthrobacter species (rrlj-1/95) maintained in the culture collection of this laboratory. the purified enzyme has a specific activity of 1700 u/mg protein and is found to be composed of a single subunit (mr 32,000), exhibiting both lipase and esterase activities shown by hydrolysis of triglycerides and p-nitrophenyl acetate respectively. potential application of the enzyme concerns the asymmetrisation of prochiral 2-benzyl-1,3-propanedi ... | 2001 | 11249119 |
| high-cell-density fermentation for production of l-n-carbamoylase using an expression system based on the escherichia coli rhabad promoter. | a high-cell-density fed-batch fermentation for the production of heterologous proteins in escherichia coli was developed using the positively regulated escherichia coli rhabad promoter. the expression system was improved by reducing of the amount of expensive l-rhamnose necessary for induction of the rhamnose promoter and by increasing the vector stability. consumption of the inducer l-rhamnose was inhibited by inactivation of l-rhamnulose kinase encoding gene rhab of escherichia coli w3110, res ... | 2001 | 11255157 |
| biotreatment of hydrogen sulfide- and ammonia-containing waste gases by fluidized bed bioreactor. | gas mixtures of h2s and nh3 are the focus of this study of research concerning gases generated from animal husbandry and treatments of anaerobic wastewater lagoons. a heterotrophic microflora (a mixture of pseudomonas putida for h2s and arthrobacter oxydans for nh3) was immobilized with ca-alginate and packed into a fluidized bed reactor to simultaneously decompose h2s and nh3. this bioreactor was continuously supplied with h2s and nh3 separately or together at various ratios. the removal effici ... | 2001 | 11256495 |
| vitamin requirements of hydrocarbon-utilizing soil bacteria. | the numbers of oil-utilizing bacteria in several samples of clean and oil-polluted soils counted on vitamin-containing media were severalfold higher than the numbers counted on vitamin-free media. colonies that grew on a medium containing a vitamin mixture were tested for growth on the same medium lacking any vitamins. more than 90% of the total colonies failed to grow. the remaining 10% grew, yet their growth was enhanced, when vitamins were added. the predominant oil-utilizing bacteria in one ... | 2001 | 11297361 |
| 16s rdna diversity of cultured and uncultured prokaryotes of a mat sample from lake fryxell, mcmurdo dry valleys, antarctica. | the prokaryotic diversity of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates and of bacterial and archaeal 16s rdna clones was determined for a microbial mat sample from the moated region of lake fryxell, mcmurdo dry valleys, antarctica. among the anaerobic bacteria, members of clostridium estertheticum and some other psychrotolerant strains dominated whereas methanogens and other archaea were lacking. isolates highly related to flavobacterium hibernum, janthiniobacterium lividum, and arthrobacter flav ... | 2001 | 11302499 |
| how big is a bacterium? approximation to a correct total cell density of arthrobacter sp. | 2001 | 11317979 | |
| kinetics of methyl t-butyl ether cometabolism at low concentrations by pure cultures of butane-degrading bacteria. | butane-oxidizing arthrobacter (atcc 27778) bacteria were shown to degrade low concentrations of methyl t-butyl ether (mtbe; range, 100 to 800 microg/liter) with an apparent half-saturation concentration (k(s)) of 2.14 mg/liter and a maximum substrate utilization rate (k(c)) of 0.43 mg/mg of total suspended solids per day. arthrobacter bacteria demonstrated mtbe degradation activity when grown on butane but not when grown on glucose, butanol, or tryptose phosphate broth. the presence of butane, t ... | 2001 | 11319100 |
| degradation of substituted phenylurea herbicides by arthrobacter globiformis strain d47 and characterization of a plasmid-associated hydrolase gene, puha. | arthrobacter globiformis d47 was shown to degrade a range of substituted phenylurea herbicides in soil. this strain contained two plasmids of approximately 47 kb (phrim620) and 34 kb (phrim621). plasmid-curing experiments produced plasmid-free strains as well as strains containing either the 47- or the 34-kb plasmid. the strains were tested for their ability to degrade diuron, which demonstrated that the degradative genes were located on the 47-kb plasmid. studies on the growth of these strains ... | 2001 | 11319111 |
| diversity and seasonal fluctuations of the dominant members of the bacterial soil community in a wheat field as determined by cultivation and molecular methods. | there is a paucity of knowledge on microbial community diversity and naturally occurring seasonal variations in agricultural soil. for this purpose the soil microbial community of a wheat field on an experimental farm in the netherlands was studied by using both cultivation-based and molecule-based methods. samples were taken in the different seasons over a 1-year period. fatty acid-based typing of bacterial isolates obtained via plating revealed a diverse community of mainly gram-positive bacte ... | 2001 | 11319113 |
| organization of the multiple coenzymes and subunits and role of the covalent flavin link in the complex heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase. | heterotetrameric (alphabetagammadelta) sarcosine oxidase from corynebacterium sp. p-1 (ctsox) contains noncovalently bound fad and nad(+) and covalently bound fmn, attached to beta(his173). the beta(his173asn) mutant is expressed as a catalytically inactive, labile heterotetramer. the beta and delta subunits are lost during mutant enzyme purification, which yields a stable alphagamma complex. addition of stabilizing agents prevents loss of the delta but not the beta subunit. the covalent flavin ... | 2001 | 11330998 |
| [bacteria--degraders of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, isolated from soil and bottom sediments in salt-mining areas]. | fifteen bacterial strains capable of utilizing naphthalene, phenanthrene, and biphenyl as the sole sources of carbon and energy were isolated from soils and bottom sediments contaminated with waste products generated by chemical and salt producing plants. based on cultural, morphological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, ten of these strains were identified as belonging to the genera rhodococcus, arthrobacter, bacillus, and pseudomonas. all ten strains were found to be halotolerant bacteria c ... | 2001 | 11338839 |
| optimization of the immobilization parameters and operational stability of immobilized hydantoinase and l-n-carbamoylase from arthrobacter aurescens for the production of optically pure l-amino acids. | 2the immobilization parameters were optimized for the hydantoinase and the l-n-carbamoylase from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 or 3745, respectively. to optimize activity yields and specific activities for the immobilization to eupergit c, eupergit c 250 l, and eah-sepharose wild-type, recombinant and genetically modified ('tagged') enzymes were investigated concerning the influence of the protein concentration, the kind of support and the immobilization method. for both enzymes, the use of th ... | 2001 | 11339957 |
| tryptophan-216 is essential for the transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase a. | endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has a high level of transglycosylation activity. to determine which amino acids are involved in this activity, we employed deletion analysis, as well as random and site-directed mutagenesis. using pcr random mutagenesis, 11 mutants with greatly decreased levels of enzyme activity were isolated. six catalytically essential amino acids were identified by site-directed mutagenesis. mutants e173g, e175q, d206g, and d270n had ... | 2001 | 11341779 |
| enzyme activity determination on macromolecular substrates by isothermal titration calorimetry: application to mesophilic and psychrophilic chitinases. | isothermal titration calorimetry has been applied to the determination of the kinetic parameters of chitinases (ec 3.2.1.14) by monitoring the heat released during the hydrolysis of chitin glycosidic bonds. experiments were carried out using two different macromolecular substrates: a soluble polymer of n-acetylglucosamine and the insoluble chitin from crab shells. different experimental temperatures were used in order to compare the thermodependence of the activity of two chitinases from the psy ... | 2001 | 11342059 |
| development of a rhodococcus recombinant strain for degradation of products from anaerobic dechlorination of pcbs. | the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, naturally containing the biphenyl pathway, was electroporated with a broad host range plasmid containing the 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) degradation operon (fcb) isolated from arthrobacter globiformis strain kzt1. the recombinant strain grew in medium containing 4-cba and 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-cb) as the only source of carbon, with stoichiometric release of chloride and a molar growth yield on 4-cb that suggested utilization of both biphenyl ri ... | 2001 | 11349275 |
| neuraminidase from a bacterial source enhances both hiv-1-mediated syncytium formation and the virus binding/entry process. | neuraminidases, also termed sialidases, which catalyze the removal of sialic acid residues from various glycoconjugates, have been previously reported to modulate hiv-1 replication. given that some of the known opportunistic microbes found in patients infected with hiv-1 harbor neuraminidase (na) activity, we speculated that pathogen-derived na might be envisaged as an important factor in the pathogenesis of this retroviral infection. in the present study, we have monitored the putative modulati ... | 2001 | 11352665 |
| streamlined beta-galactosidase assay for analysis of recombinant yeast response to estrogens. | here, we describe a rapid, convenient, and quantitative beta-galactosidase assay in liquid culture of recombinant yeast that expresses the estrogen receptor. this assay allows large-scale screening of chemicals (more than 600 samples/day) for the evaluation of their direct estrogenic potency and accurate determination of their ec50 with minimal manipulations. the assay, which is based on digestion of the yeast cell wall by lyticase (zymolase), a beta-glucanase isolated from arthrobacter luteus, ... | 2001 | 11355334 |
| biological elimination of h2s and nh3 from wastegases by biofilter packed with immobilized heterotrophic bacteria. | biotreatment of various ratios of h2s and nh3 gas mixtures was studied using the biofilters, packed with co-immobilized cells (arthrobacter oxydans ch8 for nh3 and pseudomonas putida ch11 for h2s). extensive tests to determine removal characteristics, removal efficiency, removal kinetics, and pressure drops of the biofilters were performed. to estimate the largest allowable inlet concentration, a prediction model was also employed. greater than 95%, and 90% removal efficiencies were observed for ... | 2001 | 11368219 |
| plasmid-encoded phthalate catabolic pathway in arthrobacter keyseri 12b. | several 2-substituted benzoates (including 2-trifluoromethyl-, 2-chloro-, 2-bromo-, 2-iodo-, 2-nitro-, 2-methoxy-, and 2-acetyl-benzoates) were converted by phthalate-grown arthrobacter keyseri (formerly micrococcus sp.) 12b to the corresponding 2-substituted 3,4-dihydroxybenzoates (protocatechuates). because these products lack a carboxyl group at the 2 position, they were not substrates for the next enzyme of the phthalate catabolic pathway, 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate 2-decarboxylase, and accumula ... | 2001 | 11371533 |
| isolation and characterization of is1409, an insertion element of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain tm1, and development of a system for transposon mutagenesis. | a new insertion element of 1,449 bp with 25-bp perfect terminal repeats, designated is1409, was identified in the chromosome of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. upon insertion, is1409 causes a target duplication of 8 bp. is1409 carries only a single open reading frame of 435 codons encoding the transposase tnpa. both tnpa and the overall organization of is1409 are highly similar to those of some related insertion elements of the isl3 group (j. mahillon and m. cha ... | 2001 | 11371537 |
| complete denitration of nitroglycerin by bacteria isolated from a washwater soakaway. | four axenic bacterial species capable of biodegrading nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate [gtn]) were isolated from soil samples taken from a washwater soakaway at a disused gtn manufacturing plant. the isolates were identified by 16s rrna gene sequence homology as pseudomonas putida, an arthrobacter species, a klebsiella species, and a rhodococcus species. each of the isolates utilized gtn as its sole nitrogen source and removed nitro groups sequentially from gtn to produce glycerol dinitrates a ... | 2001 | 11375172 |
| reaction kinetics and modeling of the enzyme-catalyzed production of lactosucrose using beta-fructofuranosidase from arthrobacter sp. k-1. | lactosucrose synthesis from sucrose and lactose was carried out by using beta-fructofuranosidase from arthrobacter sp. k-1. the transfructosylation mechanism was found to be of an ordered bi-bi type in which sucrose was bound first to the enzyme and lactosucrose was released last. hydrolysis side-reaction experiments indicated that the reactions were uncompetitively inhibited by glucose and lactose, while no inhibition by fructose was apparent. the overall reaction rates were formulated. the rea ... | 2001 | 11388450 |
| molecular cloning and expression of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase d, which acts on the core structure of complex type asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. | endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase d (endo d) produced by streptococcus pneumoniae cleaves the di-n-acetylchitobiose structure in asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. the enzyme generally acts on complex type oligosaccharides after removal of external sugars by neuraminidase, beta-galactosidase, and beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase. we cloned the gene encoding the enzyme and expressed it as a periplasm enzyme in escherichia coli. the first 37 amino acids in the predicted sequence are removed in the ma ... | 2001 | 11388907 |
| the interaction of protozoa with their potential prey bacteria in the rhizosphere. | extensive colonization of the rhizosphere by beneficial bacteria is desirable but it is not yet clear whether the feeding patterns of protozoa exert any ecological impact on the competence of bacteria in the rhizosphere. to determine whether the successful colonization of the rhizosphere by bacteria can be explained by inherent abilities of the bacteria to resist predation, six bacteria categorized as poor, mediocre or good rhizosphere colonists were tested. the populations of protozoa in the rh ... | 2001 | 11411840 |
| separation of listeria from cheese and enrichment media using antibody-coated microbeads and centrifugation. | an immunoseparation system for the separation of listeria from enriched cheese samples was developed. the system utilizes polystyrene microbeads (3.8 microm in diameter) coated with covalently bound anti-listeria genus-specific antibody. the beads were incubated with cheese enriched in half-fraser broth and the bead-bacterial complex was separated by centrifugation at 110 g then spread on selective agar plates. although cross-reactivity with certain gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus saproph ... | 2001 | 11412914 |
| feasibility of fluidized-bed bioreactor for remediating waste gas containing h2s or nh3. | pseudomonas putida for h2s and arthrobacter oxydans for nh3 were immobilized with ca-alginate and packed inside glass columns to form fluidized-bed bioreactors. the feasibility of the lab-scale bioreactor for the treatment of h2s or nh3 was examined. phosphate salt, being added to the nutrient solution as buffer solution, may chelate with ca2+ in the ca-alginate beads, resulting in the disintegration of gel structure. when the buffer capacity of the phosphate solution was over the critical point ... | 2001 | 11413835 |
| occurrence of oligosialic acids on integrin alpha 5 subunit and their involvement in cell adhesion to fibronectin. | integrin alpha(5)beta(1), a major fibronectin receptor, functions in a wide variety of biological phenomena. we have found that alpha 2-8-linked oligosialic acids with 5 < or = degree of polymerization (dp) < or = 7 occur on integrin alpha(5) subunit of the human melanoma cell line g361. the integrin alpha(5) subunit immunoprecipitated with anti-integrin alpha(5) antibody reacted with the monoclonal antibody 12e3, which recognizes oligo/polysialic acid with dp > or = 5 but not with the polyclona ... | 2001 | 11418585 |
| organization of the genes involved in dimethylglycine and sarcosine degradation in arthrobacter spp.: implications for glycine betaine catabolism. | the nucleotide sequences of two cloned dna fragments containing the structural genes of heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase (soxbdag) and dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (dmg) from arthrobater spp. 1-in and arthrobacter globiformis, respectively, have been determined. open reading frames were identified in the soxbdag operon corresponding to the four subunits of heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase by comparison with the n-terminal amino-acid sequences and the subunit relative molecular masses of the ... | 2001 | 11422368 |
| [comparative study of xylose(glucose) isomerase synthesis in arthrobacter strains]. | the substrate specificity of isomerases produced by six strains of arthrobacter sp. was studied. the role of utilizable carbon sources in controlling enzyme biosynthesis was established. all of the strains studied were found to produce xylose isomerases efficiently, converting d-xylose into d-xylulose and d-glucose into d-fructose. all but a. ureafaciens b-6 strains showed low activity toward d-ribose, arthrobacter sp. b-5 was slightly active toward l-arabinose, and a. ureafaciens b-6 and arthro ... | 2000 | 11314651 |
| [two different fermentation techniques of steriod 1,4-dehydrogenation and 11 alpha-hydroxylation]. | two kinds of micro-organism, arthrobacter sp. ax86(1,4-dehdrogenator) and absidia sp. a28(11 alpha-hydroxylator) were used in this experiment. two different fermentation techniques were performed to accomplish the multiple conversional reactions for producing 16 beta-methyl-11 alpha,17 alpha,21-trihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione(iii) from 16 beta-methyl-3 beta,17 alpha,21-trihydroxy-5 alpha-pregnane-20-one-21-acetate(i): 1) to produce product(iii) by means of a two-step fermentation method wh ... | 2000 | 11191778 |
| degradation of o-methoxybenzoate by a two-member consortium made up of a gram-positive arthrobacter strain and a gram-negative pantotea strain. | aromatic carboxylic acids substituted with methoxylated groups are among the most abundant products in "alpechin", the wastes resulting from pressing olives to obtain olive oil. degradation of o-methoxybenzoate by an stable consortium made of a gram positive bacterium, arthrobacter oxydans, and gram negative one, pantotea agglomerans, was shown to mineralize this compound efficiently. the concerted action of both microorganisms was needed for the two first steps in the process, namely, the conve ... | 2000 | 11194973 |
| cultivatable microbial biodiversity: gnawing at the gordian knot. | rapid and inexpensive sorting of bacterial isolates may be achieved using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir), a method that has hitherto been applied to identification and classification. the comprehensive characterization of environmental samples requires the isolation of large numbers of isolates using different growth media and growth conditions. in such cases, sorting the isolates is critical before isolates are subjected to more detailed studies. using ft-ir, isolates are grown ... | 2000 | 11200432 |
| glucose isomerase: insights into protein engineering for increased thermostability. | thermostable glucose isomerases are desirable for production of 55% fructose syrups at >90 degrees c. current commercial enzymes operate only at 60 degrees c to produce 45% fructose syrups. protein engineering to construct more stable enzymes has so far been relatively unsuccessful, so this review focuses on elucidation of the thermal inactivation pathway as a future guide. the primary and tertiary structures of 11 class 1 and 20 class 2 enzymes are compared. within each class the structures are ... | 2000 | 11150612 |
| bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soil using carvone and surfactant-grown bacteria. | partial bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soil was achieved by repeated applications of pcb-degrading bacteria and a surfactant applied 34 times over an 18-week period. two bacterial species, arthrobacter sp. strain b1b and ralstonia eutrophus h850, were induced for pcb degradation by carvone and salicylic acid, respectively, and were complementary for the removal of different pcb congeners. a variety of application strategies was examined utilizing a surfactant, sorb ... | 2000 | 11152078 |
| arthrobacter chlorophenolicus sp. nov., a new species capable of degrading high concentrations of 4-chlorophenol. | a micro-organism was isolated from soil which could grow on high concentrations [up to 350 p.p.m. (2.7 mm)] of 4-chlorophenol (4-cp). the isolate, designated strain a6t, was obtained from a soil suspension that had been selectively enriched with gradually increasing concentrations of 4-cp. strain a6t could also grow on several other para-substituted phenols. characterization of strain a6t with respect to chemical, biochemical and morphological properties, 16s rdna sequencing and dna-dna hybridiz ... | 2000 | 11155983 |
| change in receptor-binding specificity of recent human influenza a viruses (h3n2): a single amino acid change in hemagglutinin altered its recognition of sialyloligosaccharides. | human h3n2 influenza a viruses were known to preferentially bind to sialic acid (sa) in alpha2,6gal linkage on red blood cells (rbc). however, h3n2 viruses isolated in mdck cells after 1992 did not agglutinate chicken rbc (crbc). experiments with point-mutated hemagglutinin (ha) of a/aichi/51/92, one of these viruses, revealed that an amino acid change from glu to asp at position 190 (e190d) was responsible for the loss of ability to bind to crbc. a/aichi/51/92 did not agglutinate crbc treated w ... | 2000 | 11118381 |
| trypsin inhibitory activity of bovine fetuin de-o-glycosylated by endo-alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase. | the effects of bovine fetuin o-glycans on its trypsin inhibitory activity were examined. de-sialylated (asialo-) and de-o-glycosylated fetuin were prepared from native fetuin using arthrobacter neuraminidase and the mixture of it and bacillus endo-alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase, respectively. de-sialylation and de-o-glycosylation from fetuin were confirmed with sds-page followed by western blotting using anti-human thomsen-friedenreich antigen (t antigen) antibody which recognizes o-linked gala ... | 2000 | 11129611 |
| plasmid-encoded degradation of p-nitrophenol and 4-nitrocatechol by arthrobacter protophormiae. | arthrobacter protophormiae strain rkj100 is capable of utilizing p-nitrophenol (pnp) as well as 4-nitrocatechol (nc) as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. the degradation of pnp and nc by this microorganism takes place through an oxidative route, as stoichiometry of nitrite molecules was observed when the strain was grown on pnp or nc as sole carbon and energy sources. the degradative pathways of pnp and nc were elucidated on the basis of enzyme assays and chemical characterization ... | 2000 | 10772893 |
| structural analysis of the elongation factor g protein from the low-temperature-adapted bacterium arthrobacter globiformis si55. | the first structural analysis of elongation factor g (ef-g) from a cold-adapted bacterium is presented. ef-g is an essential protein involved in the elongation process during protein synthesis and is therefore thought to play a crucial role in the low-temperature adaptation of cold-adapted microorganisms. to define its importance, the ef-g gene (fus) from the psychrotolerant bacterium arthrobacter globiformis si55 was cloned and sequenced. the deduced primary structure of the elongation factor i ... | 2000 | 10805567 |
| identification of arthrobacter oxydans, arthrobacter luteolus sp. nov., and arthrobacter albus sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens. | five arthrobacter isolates from clinical specimens were studied by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genetic characterization. two strains had characteristics consistent with those of arthrobacter oxydans. one strain was related to a. citreus; however, dna-dna hybridization and phenotypic characteristics indicated that this strain belongs to a new species, for which the name arthrobacter luteolus sp. nov. is proposed. two strains were closely related to a. cumminsii by 16s rrna gene sequencing, bu ... | 2000 | 10835019 |
| purification and characterization of a novel dna repair enzyme from the extremely radioresistant bacterium rubrobacter radiotolerans. | rubrobacter radiotolerans is an extremely radioresistant bacterium. it exhibits higher resistance than the well-known radioresistant bacterium deinococcus radiodurans, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for the radio-resistance of r. radiotolerans remain unknown. in the present study, we have demonstrated the presence of a novel dna repair enzyme in r. radiotolerans cells that recognizes radiation-induced dna damages such as thymine glycol, urea residues, and abasic sites. the enzyme was p ... | 2000 | 10838807 |
| phylogenetic and physiological diversity of arthrobacter strains isolated from unconsolidated subsurface sediments. | forty strains of gram-positive, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria isolated from saturated subsurface lacustrine, paleosol and fluvial sediments at the us department of energy's hanford site in south central washington state were characterized by phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences and by determination of selected morphological, physiological and biochemical traits. phylogenetic analyses of 16s rdna sequences from subsurface isolates in the context of similar sequences from previously ... | 2000 | 10846209 |
| transformation of arabidopsis with the coda gene for choline oxidase enhances freezing tolerance of plants. | arabidopsis thaliana was transformed with the coda gene from arthrobacter globiformis, which encodes choline oxidase, the enzyme that synthesizes glycinebetaine from choline. the transformation enabled the plants to accumulate glycinebetaine in chloroplasts, and significantly enhanced the freezing tolerance of plants. furthermore, the photosynthetic machinery of transformed plants was more tolerant to freezing stress than that of wild-type plants. exogenous application of glycinebetaine also inc ... | 2000 | 10849360 |
| determination of n-acetyl- and n-glycolylneuraminic acids in gangliosides by combination of neuraminidase hydrolysis and fluorometric high-performance liquid chromatography using a gm3 derivative as an internal standard. | a highly sensitive method for quantification of sialic acids in gangliosides was developed. the sialic acids, released by hydrolysis of gangliosides, were converted to fluorescent derivatives with 1,2-diamino-4,5-(methylenedioxy)benzene (dmb) and separated on a reversed-phase c18 column with an isocratic elution. as little as 0.1-1.0 nmol of sialic acid in ganglioside was quantified. the use of acetate buffer instead of water in the mobile phase could prevent damage on the column and reduce back ... | 2000 | 10870835 |
| dimethylsulfone as a growth substrate for novel methylotrophic species of hyphomicrobium and arthrobacter. | dimethylsulfone is a major product of the chemical oxidation in the atmosphere of the principal biogenic sulfur gas, dimethylsulfide, but no studies have been reported on the mechanisms for its microbiological degradation. three novel strains of bacteria have been isolated from enrichment cultures provided with dimethylsulfone as the only carbon and energy substrate. these are novel facultatively methylotrophic species of hyphonmicrobium and arthobacter, capable of growth on a range of one-carbo ... | 2000 | 10896224 |
| characteristics of levan fructotransferase from arthrobacter ureafaciens k2032 and difructose anhydride iv formation from levan. | a microorganism producing levan fructotransferase was isolated from sugar-disclosed soil and it was identified as arthrobacter ureafaciens. the major product from levan by enzyme reaction was identified as di-d-fructofuranose 2,6':6,2' dianhydride by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and chemical analyses. small amounts of several oligosaccharides and free fructose were also formed by enzyme reaction. an extracellular enzyme that produces di-d-fructofuranose 2,6':6,2' dianhydride fr ... | 2000 | 10899545 |
| comparison of colony lift with direct spotting methods of blot preparation on the effect of colony hybridization in the detection of environmental organisms. | nucleic acid probes are used on site to detect or to identify individual microbial cells without cultivation. this molecular technique can avoid some limitations of traditional identification methods including time consuming and imprecise. this study examined the factors affecting colony hybridization and compared the effectiveness of membrane prepared by colony lifting with direct spotting procedures using the universal probe eub 338. the results of hybridization varied depending on the type of ... | 2000 | 10917884 |
| genetic diversity among arthrobacter species collected across a heterogeneous series of terrestrial deep-subsurface sediments as determined on the basis of 16s rrna and reca gene sequences. | this study was undertaken in an effort to understand how the population structure of bacteria within terrestrial deep-subsurface environments correlates with the physical and chemical structure of their environment. phylogenetic analysis was performed on strains of arthrobacter that were collected from various depths, which included a number of different sedimentary units from the yakima barricade borehole at the u.s. department of energy's hanford site, washington, in august 1992. at the same t ... | 2000 | 10919806 |
| effect of field inoculation with sinorhizobium meliloti l33 on the composition of bacterial communities in rhizospheres of a target plant (medicago sativa) and a non-target plant (chenopodium album)-linking of 16s rrna gene-based single-strand conformation polymorphism community profiles to the diversity of cultivated bacteria. | fourteen weeks after field release of luciferase gene-tagged sinorhizobium meliloti l33 in field plots seeded with medicago sativa, we found that the inoculant also occurred in bulk soil from noninoculated control plots. in rhizospheres of m. sativa plants, s. meliloti l33 could be detected in noninoculated plots 12 weeks after inoculation, indicating that growth in the rhizosphere preceded spread into bulk soil. to determine whether inoculation affected bacterial diversity, 1,119 bacteria were ... | 2000 | 10919821 |
| [reproductive resting forms of arthrobacter globiformis]. | submerged cultures of arthrobacter globiformis grown in media unbalanced with respect to carbon and nitrogen sources were found to contain cells exhibiting features typical of resting forms: long-term viability, specific ultrastructure, dormant metabolism, and thermoresistance. such cells were produced not only in the collection strain vkm b-1112, but also in the a. globiformis strains isolated from 2- to 3-million-year-old permafrost sediments. | 2000 | 10920808 |