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degradation of o-methoxybenzoate by a two-member consortium made up of a gram-positive arthrobacter strain and a gram-negative pantotea strain.aromatic carboxylic acids substituted with methoxylated groups are among the most abundant products in "alpechin", the wastes resulting from pressing olives to obtain olive oil. degradation of o-methoxybenzoate by an stable consortium made of a gram positive bacterium, arthrobacter oxydans, and gram negative one, pantotea agglomerans, was shown to mineralize this compound efficiently. the concerted action of both microorganisms was needed for the two first steps in the process, namely, the conve ...200011194973
cultivatable microbial biodiversity: gnawing at the gordian knot.rapid and inexpensive sorting of bacterial isolates may be achieved using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir), a method that has hitherto been applied to identification and classification. the comprehensive characterization of environmental samples requires the isolation of large numbers of isolates using different growth media and growth conditions. in such cases, sorting the isolates is critical before isolates are subjected to more detailed studies. using ft-ir, isolates are grown ...200011200432
vitamin requirements of hydrocarbon-utilizing soil bacteria.the numbers of oil-utilizing bacteria in several samples of clean and oil-polluted soils counted on vitamin-containing media were severalfold higher than the numbers counted on vitamin-free media. colonies that grew on a medium containing a vitamin mixture were tested for growth on the same medium lacking any vitamins. more than 90% of the total colonies failed to grow. the remaining 10% grew, yet their growth was enhanced, when vitamins were added. the predominant oil-utilizing bacteria in one ...200111297361
purification and characterisation of an ester hydrolase from a strain of arthrobacter species: its application in asymmetrisation of 2-benzyl-1,3-propanediol acylates.an ester hydrolase (abl) has been isolated from a strain of arthrobacter species (rrlj-1/95) maintained in the culture collection of this laboratory. the purified enzyme has a specific activity of 1700 u/mg protein and is found to be composed of a single subunit (mr 32,000), exhibiting both lipase and esterase activities shown by hydrolysis of triglycerides and p-nitrophenyl acetate respectively. potential application of the enzyme concerns the asymmetrisation of prochiral 2-benzyl-1,3-propanedi ...200111249119
high-cell-density fermentation for production of l-n-carbamoylase using an expression system based on the escherichia coli rhabad promoter.a high-cell-density fed-batch fermentation for the production of heterologous proteins in escherichia coli was developed using the positively regulated escherichia coli rhabad promoter. the expression system was improved by reducing of the amount of expensive l-rhamnose necessary for induction of the rhamnose promoter and by increasing the vector stability. consumption of the inducer l-rhamnose was inhibited by inactivation of l-rhamnulose kinase encoding gene rhab of escherichia coli w3110, res ...200111255157
biotreatment of hydrogen sulfide- and ammonia-containing waste gases by fluidized bed bioreactor.gas mixtures of h2s and nh3 are the focus of this study of research concerning gases generated from animal husbandry and treatments of anaerobic wastewater lagoons. a heterotrophic microflora (a mixture of pseudomonas putida for h2s and arthrobacter oxydans for nh3) was immobilized with ca-alginate and packed into a fluidized bed reactor to simultaneously decompose h2s and nh3. this bioreactor was continuously supplied with h2s and nh3 separately or together at various ratios. the removal effici ...200111256495
kinetics of methyl t-butyl ether cometabolism at low concentrations by pure cultures of butane-degrading bacteria.butane-oxidizing arthrobacter (atcc 27778) bacteria were shown to degrade low concentrations of methyl t-butyl ether (mtbe; range, 100 to 800 microg/liter) with an apparent half-saturation concentration (k(s)) of 2.14 mg/liter and a maximum substrate utilization rate (k(c)) of 0.43 mg/mg of total suspended solids per day. arthrobacter bacteria demonstrated mtbe degradation activity when grown on butane but not when grown on glucose, butanol, or tryptose phosphate broth. the presence of butane, t ...200111319100
degradation of substituted phenylurea herbicides by arthrobacter globiformis strain d47 and characterization of a plasmid-associated hydrolase gene, puha.arthrobacter globiformis d47 was shown to degrade a range of substituted phenylurea herbicides in soil. this strain contained two plasmids of approximately 47 kb (phrim620) and 34 kb (phrim621). plasmid-curing experiments produced plasmid-free strains as well as strains containing either the 47- or the 34-kb plasmid. the strains were tested for their ability to degrade diuron, which demonstrated that the degradative genes were located on the 47-kb plasmid. studies on the growth of these strains ...200111319111
diversity and seasonal fluctuations of the dominant members of the bacterial soil community in a wheat field as determined by cultivation and molecular methods.there is a paucity of knowledge on microbial community diversity and naturally occurring seasonal variations in agricultural soil. for this purpose the soil microbial community of a wheat field on an experimental farm in the netherlands was studied by using both cultivation-based and molecule-based methods. samples were taken in the different seasons over a 1-year period. fatty acid-based typing of bacterial isolates obtained via plating revealed a diverse community of mainly gram-positive bacte ...200111319113
[comparative study of xylose(glucose) isomerase synthesis in arthrobacter strains].the substrate specificity of isomerases produced by six strains of arthrobacter sp. was studied. the role of utilizable carbon sources in controlling enzyme biosynthesis was established. all of the strains studied were found to produce xylose isomerases efficiently, converting d-xylose into d-xylulose and d-glucose into d-fructose. all but a. ureafaciens b-6 strains showed low activity toward d-ribose, arthrobacter sp. b-5 was slightly active toward l-arabinose, and a. ureafaciens b-6 and arthro ...200011314651
[bacteria--degraders of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, isolated from soil and bottom sediments in salt-mining areas].fifteen bacterial strains capable of utilizing naphthalene, phenanthrene, and biphenyl as the sole sources of carbon and energy were isolated from soils and bottom sediments contaminated with waste products generated by chemical and salt producing plants. based on cultural, morphological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, ten of these strains were identified as belonging to the genera rhodococcus, arthrobacter, bacillus, and pseudomonas. all ten strains were found to be halotolerant bacteria c ...200111338839
how big is a bacterium? approximation to a correct total cell density of arthrobacter sp. 200111317979
16s rdna diversity of cultured and uncultured prokaryotes of a mat sample from lake fryxell, mcmurdo dry valleys, antarctica.the prokaryotic diversity of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates and of bacterial and archaeal 16s rdna clones was determined for a microbial mat sample from the moated region of lake fryxell, mcmurdo dry valleys, antarctica. among the anaerobic bacteria, members of clostridium estertheticum and some other psychrotolerant strains dominated whereas methanogens and other archaea were lacking. isolates highly related to flavobacterium hibernum, janthiniobacterium lividum, and arthrobacter flav ...200111302499
organization of the multiple coenzymes and subunits and role of the covalent flavin link in the complex heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase.heterotetrameric (alphabetagammadelta) sarcosine oxidase from corynebacterium sp. p-1 (ctsox) contains noncovalently bound fad and nad(+) and covalently bound fmn, attached to beta(his173). the beta(his173asn) mutant is expressed as a catalytically inactive, labile heterotetramer. the beta and delta subunits are lost during mutant enzyme purification, which yields a stable alphagamma complex. addition of stabilizing agents prevents loss of the delta but not the beta subunit. the covalent flavin ...200111330998
development of a rhodococcus recombinant strain for degradation of products from anaerobic dechlorination of pcbs.the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain rha1, naturally containing the biphenyl pathway, was electroporated with a broad host range plasmid containing the 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) degradation operon (fcb) isolated from arthrobacter globiformis strain kzt1. the recombinant strain grew in medium containing 4-cba and 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-cb) as the only source of carbon, with stoichiometric release of chloride and a molar growth yield on 4-cb that suggested utilization of both biphenyl ri ...200111349275
neuraminidase from a bacterial source enhances both hiv-1-mediated syncytium formation and the virus binding/entry process.neuraminidases, also termed sialidases, which catalyze the removal of sialic acid residues from various glycoconjugates, have been previously reported to modulate hiv-1 replication. given that some of the known opportunistic microbes found in patients infected with hiv-1 harbor neuraminidase (na) activity, we speculated that pathogen-derived na might be envisaged as an important factor in the pathogenesis of this retroviral infection. in the present study, we have monitored the putative modulati ...200111352665
streamlined beta-galactosidase assay for analysis of recombinant yeast response to estrogens.here, we describe a rapid, convenient, and quantitative beta-galactosidase assay in liquid culture of recombinant yeast that expresses the estrogen receptor. this assay allows large-scale screening of chemicals (more than 600 samples/day) for the evaluation of their direct estrogenic potency and accurate determination of their ec50 with minimal manipulations. the assay, which is based on digestion of the yeast cell wall by lyticase (zymolase), a beta-glucanase isolated from arthrobacter luteus, ...200111355334
optimization of the immobilization parameters and operational stability of immobilized hydantoinase and l-n-carbamoylase from arthrobacter aurescens for the production of optically pure l-amino acids.2the immobilization parameters were optimized for the hydantoinase and the l-n-carbamoylase from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 or 3745, respectively. to optimize activity yields and specific activities for the immobilization to eupergit c, eupergit c 250 l, and eah-sepharose wild-type, recombinant and genetically modified ('tagged') enzymes were investigated concerning the influence of the protein concentration, the kind of support and the immobilization method. for both enzymes, the use of th ...200111339957
plasmid-encoded phthalate catabolic pathway in arthrobacter keyseri 12b.several 2-substituted benzoates (including 2-trifluoromethyl-, 2-chloro-, 2-bromo-, 2-iodo-, 2-nitro-, 2-methoxy-, and 2-acetyl-benzoates) were converted by phthalate-grown arthrobacter keyseri (formerly micrococcus sp.) 12b to the corresponding 2-substituted 3,4-dihydroxybenzoates (protocatechuates). because these products lack a carboxyl group at the 2 position, they were not substrates for the next enzyme of the phthalate catabolic pathway, 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate 2-decarboxylase, and accumula ...200111371533
isolation and characterization of is1409, an insertion element of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain tm1, and development of a system for transposon mutagenesis.a new insertion element of 1,449 bp with 25-bp perfect terminal repeats, designated is1409, was identified in the chromosome of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. upon insertion, is1409 causes a target duplication of 8 bp. is1409 carries only a single open reading frame of 435 codons encoding the transposase tnpa. both tnpa and the overall organization of is1409 are highly similar to those of some related insertion elements of the isl3 group (j. mahillon and m. cha ...200111371537
complete denitration of nitroglycerin by bacteria isolated from a washwater soakaway.four axenic bacterial species capable of biodegrading nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate [gtn]) were isolated from soil samples taken from a washwater soakaway at a disused gtn manufacturing plant. the isolates were identified by 16s rrna gene sequence homology as pseudomonas putida, an arthrobacter species, a klebsiella species, and a rhodococcus species. each of the isolates utilized gtn as its sole nitrogen source and removed nitro groups sequentially from gtn to produce glycerol dinitrates a ...200111375172
reaction kinetics and modeling of the enzyme-catalyzed production of lactosucrose using beta-fructofuranosidase from arthrobacter sp. k-1.lactosucrose synthesis from sucrose and lactose was carried out by using beta-fructofuranosidase from arthrobacter sp. k-1. the transfructosylation mechanism was found to be of an ordered bi-bi type in which sucrose was bound first to the enzyme and lactosucrose was released last. hydrolysis side-reaction experiments indicated that the reactions were uncompetitively inhibited by glucose and lactose, while no inhibition by fructose was apparent. the overall reaction rates were formulated. the rea ...200111388450
tryptophan-216 is essential for the transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase a.endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has a high level of transglycosylation activity. to determine which amino acids are involved in this activity, we employed deletion analysis, as well as random and site-directed mutagenesis. using pcr random mutagenesis, 11 mutants with greatly decreased levels of enzyme activity were isolated. six catalytically essential amino acids were identified by site-directed mutagenesis. mutants e173g, e175q, d206g, and d270n had ...200111341779
the interaction of protozoa with their potential prey bacteria in the rhizosphere.extensive colonization of the rhizosphere by beneficial bacteria is desirable but it is not yet clear whether the feeding patterns of protozoa exert any ecological impact on the competence of bacteria in the rhizosphere. to determine whether the successful colonization of the rhizosphere by bacteria can be explained by inherent abilities of the bacteria to resist predation, six bacteria categorized as poor, mediocre or good rhizosphere colonists were tested. the populations of protozoa in the rh ...200111411840
separation of listeria from cheese and enrichment media using antibody-coated microbeads and centrifugation.an immunoseparation system for the separation of listeria from enriched cheese samples was developed. the system utilizes polystyrene microbeads (3.8 microm in diameter) coated with covalently bound anti-listeria genus-specific antibody. the beads were incubated with cheese enriched in half-fraser broth and the bead-bacterial complex was separated by centrifugation at 110 g then spread on selective agar plates. although cross-reactivity with certain gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus saproph ...200111412914
feasibility of fluidized-bed bioreactor for remediating waste gas containing h2s or nh3.pseudomonas putida for h2s and arthrobacter oxydans for nh3 were immobilized with ca-alginate and packed inside glass columns to form fluidized-bed bioreactors. the feasibility of the lab-scale bioreactor for the treatment of h2s or nh3 was examined. phosphate salt, being added to the nutrient solution as buffer solution, may chelate with ca2+ in the ca-alginate beads, resulting in the disintegration of gel structure. when the buffer capacity of the phosphate solution was over the critical point ...200111413835
occurrence of oligosialic acids on integrin alpha 5 subunit and their involvement in cell adhesion to fibronectin.integrin alpha(5)beta(1), a major fibronectin receptor, functions in a wide variety of biological phenomena. we have found that alpha 2-8-linked oligosialic acids with 5 < or = degree of polymerization (dp) < or = 7 occur on integrin alpha(5) subunit of the human melanoma cell line g361. the integrin alpha(5) subunit immunoprecipitated with anti-integrin alpha(5) antibody reacted with the monoclonal antibody 12e3, which recognizes oligo/polysialic acid with dp > or = 5 but not with the polyclona ...200111418585
organization of the genes involved in dimethylglycine and sarcosine degradation in arthrobacter spp.: implications for glycine betaine catabolism.the nucleotide sequences of two cloned dna fragments containing the structural genes of heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase (soxbdag) and dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (dmg) from arthrobater spp. 1-in and arthrobacter globiformis, respectively, have been determined. open reading frames were identified in the soxbdag operon corresponding to the four subunits of heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase by comparison with the n-terminal amino-acid sequences and the subunit relative molecular masses of the ...200111422368
phylogeny of sphingomonas species that degrade pentachlorophenol.four pentachlorophenol (pcp)-degrading bacteria isolated from geographically diverse areas have been examined in detail as regards their physiology and phylogeny. according to traditional biochemical methods, these strains had been classified as members of the genera arthrobacter, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, and sphingomonas. the pcp degradation pathway has been studied extensively in sphingomonas (flavobacterium) sp strain atcc 39723 and the first three degradation steps catalyzed by a pcp-4-m ...199911423949
dual-bioaugmentation strategy to enhance remediation of cocontaminated soil.although metals are thought to inhibit the ability of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants, several microbial mechanisms of resistance to metal are known to exist. this study examined the potential of cadmium-resistant microorganisms to reduce soluble cadmium levels to enhance degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) under conditions of cocontamination. four cadmium-resistant soil microorganisms were examined in this study. resistant up to a cadmium concentration of 275 micr ...200111425743
modular structure, local flexibility and cold-activity of a novel chitobiase from a psychrophilic antarctic bacterium.the gene archb encoding for the cell-bound chitobiase from the antarctic gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter sp. tad20 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli in a soluble form. the mature chitobiase archb possesses four functionally independent domains: a catalytic domain stabilized by ca(2+), a galactose-binding domain and an immunoglobulin-like domain followed by a cell-wall anchorage signal, typical of cell-surface proteins from gram-positive bacteria. binding of saccharides was analyz ...200111428890
effects of lipids on n-alkane attenuation in media supporting oil-utilizing microorganisms from the oily arabian gulf coasts.the arabian gulf is one of the most extensively oil-polluted areas of the world. the major objectives of this work were to study whether hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms indigenous to that area would readily accumulate added lipids, and whether this might affect their hydrocarbon consumption potential. two prokaryotes, arthrobacter nicotianae kcc b35 and the unidentified organisms kcc b6, as well as one eukaryote, candida parapsilosis kcc y1, were selected for this study. biomass samples of ...200111430415
bioremediation of an area contaminated by a fuel spill.in order to decontaminate a large area of restricted access contaminated by a fuel spill, laboratory and field studies were developed in two steps: (a) monitoring of the laboratory experiment on bacterial growth under aerobic and anaerobic conditions with and without addition of nutrients; and (b) use of the best conditions obtained in (a) for the decontamination of the soil. a hydraulic barrier was installed both to clean the aquifer and to avoid migration of hydrocarbons as a consequence of th ...200111432263
enzyme activity determination on macromolecular substrates by isothermal titration calorimetry: application to mesophilic and psychrophilic chitinases.isothermal titration calorimetry has been applied to the determination of the kinetic parameters of chitinases (ec 3.2.1.14) by monitoring the heat released during the hydrolysis of chitin glycosidic bonds. experiments were carried out using two different macromolecular substrates: a soluble polymer of n-acetylglucosamine and the insoluble chitin from crab shells. different experimental temperatures were used in order to compare the thermodependence of the activity of two chitinases from the psy ...200111342059
purification and characterization of carbaryl hydrolase from arthrobacter sp. rc100.a carbaryl hydrolase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain rc100 by protamine sulfate treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and hydrophobic, anion-exchange, and gel filtration chromatographies. the native enzyme had a molecular mass of 100 kda and was composed of two identical subunits with molecular masses of 51 kda. the hydrolase activity was strongly inhibited by difp, pmsf, hg(2+) and paraoxon but not by edta. the optimum ph and temperature for the enzyme activity wer ...200111445174
isolation and characterisation of new gram-negative and gram-positive atrazine degrading bacteria from different french soils.the capacity of 12 soils to degrade atrazine was studied in laboratory incubations using radiolabelled atrazine. eight soils showed enhanced degradation of this compound. twenty-five bacterial strains able to degrade atrazine were isolated by an enrichment method from 10 of these soils. these soils were chosen for their wide range of physico-chemical characteristics. their history of treatment with atrazine was also variable. the genetic diversity of atrazine degraders was determined by amplifie ...200111451526
trehalose-producing operon treyz from arthrobacter ramosus s34.arthrobacter ramosus s34, which produces trehalose from maltooligosaccharide, was isolated. a trehalose-producing operon, treyz, was cloned from the genome. expression experiments with trey and trez confirmed that they coded malto-oligosyltrehalose synthase and malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase, respectively. the amino acid sequence of trey from a. ramosus s34 and that from arthrobacter sp. q36 did not show high identity, nor did those of trez.200111471747
modeling of copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. in a uf/mf membrane reactor.copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. has been studied in this work. the process has been realized inside of a ultrafiltration/microfiltration (uf/mf) reactor in order to confine cells. a mathematical model has been developed that is able to predict experimental data under different operating conditions. the model takes into account different phenomena, which might occur during the process, such as a dependence of equilibrium parameters on ph, a partial cell disruption, and a change in the memb ...200111478261
alpha 2,3-sialylation of terminal galnac beta 1-3gal determinants by st3gal ii reveals the multifunctionality of the enzyme. the resulting neu5ac alpha 2-3galnac linkage is resistant to sialidases from newcastle disease virus and streptococcus pneumoniae.enzymatic alpha 2,3-sialylation of galnac has not been described previously, although some glycoconjugates containing alpha 2,3-sialylated galnac residues have been reported. in the present experiments, recombinant soluble alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase st3gal ii efficiently sialylated the x(2) pentasaccharide galnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glc, globo-n-tetraose galnac beta 1-3gal alpha 1-4gal beta 1-4glc, and the disaccharide galnac beta 1-3gal in vitro. the purified product ...200111479313
construction, overexpression, and purification of arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase-strep-tag ii fusion protein.the copper-containing amine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis has been expressed and purified as a fusion protein with a c-terminal strep-tag ii peptide. this tag facilitates the rapid purification of the enzyme on a large scale using the streptactin poros medium. for example, we have demonstrated that 50 mg of protein can be obtained in 2 days from 2 l of escherichia coli. the purified fusion protein displays turnover and spectroscopic properties that are essentially identical to those of t ...200111483008
organization of genes responsible for the stereospecific conversion of hydantoins to alpha-amino acids in arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747.arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 hydrolyzes stereospecifically 5'-monosubstituted hydantoins to alpha-amino acids. the genes involved in hydantoin utilization (hyu) were isolated on an 8.7-kb dna fragment, and by dna sequence analysis eight orfs were identified. the hyu gene cluster includes four genes: hyup encoding a putative transport protein, the hydantoin racemase gene hyua, the hydantoinase gene hyuh, and the carbamoylase gene hyuc. the four genes are transcribed in the same direction. upst ...200111511866
a novel disaccharide substrate having 1,2-oxazoline moiety for detection of transglycosylating activity of endoglycosidases.a disaccharide substrate of manbeta1-4glcnac-oxazoline 2 was designed and synthesized as a novel probe for detection of the transglycosylating activity of endoglycosidases. a regio- and stereoselective transglycosylation reaction of 2 to glcnacbeta1-o-pnp or dns-asn(glcnac)-oh catalyzed by endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from mucor hiemalis (endo-m) and endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) has been demonstrated for the first time, resulting in the core tri ...200111514092
gene cluster on pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans involved in degradation of the plant alkaloid nicotine: cloning, purification, and characterization of 2,6-dihydroxypyridine 3-hydroxylase.a 27,690-bp gene cluster involved in the degradation of the plant alkaloid nicotine was characterized from the plasmid pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans. the genes of the heterotrimeric, molybdopterin cofactor (moco)-, flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad)-, and [fe-s] cluster-dependent 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine (ketone) dehydrogenase (kdh) were identified within this cluster. the gene of the large moco subunit of kdh was located 4,266 bp from the fad and [fe-s] cluster subunit genes. deduced fun ...200111514508
molecular cloning and expression of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase d, which acts on the core structure of complex type asparagine-linked oligosaccharides.endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase d (endo d) produced by streptococcus pneumoniae cleaves the di-n-acetylchitobiose structure in asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. the enzyme generally acts on complex type oligosaccharides after removal of external sugars by neuraminidase, beta-galactosidase, and beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase. we cloned the gene encoding the enzyme and expressed it as a periplasm enzyme in escherichia coli. the first 37 amino acids in the predicted sequence are removed in the ma ...200111388907
cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of a hydantoinase and carbamoylase gene from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3745 in escherichia coli and comparison with the corresponding genes from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747.the genes encoding hydantoinases (hyuh1) and carbamoylases (hyuc1) from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3745 and arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747 (hyuh2, hyuc2) were cloned in escherichia coli and the nucleotide sequences determined. the hydantoinase genes comprised 1,377 base pairs and the carbamoylase genes 1,239 base pairs each. both hydantoinases, as well as both carbamoylases, showed a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity (96-98%). the hyuh and hyuc genes were expressed in e ...200111525624
isolation and characterization of psychotrophic bacteria from oil-reservoir water and oil sands.four psychrotrophic strains, which grew at 4 degrees c but not at 37 degrees c, were isolated from japanese oil-reservoir water (strains sib1, sic1, sis1) and canadian oil sands (strain cab1). strains sib1, sis1, and cab1 had a maximum growth rate at 20 degrees c and grew to the highest cell densities at the cultivation temperature of 0-4 degrees c. strain sis1 was capable of growing even at -5 degrees c. the growth profile of strain sic1 was rather similar to that of a mesophilic bacterium. str ...200111525631
microbial life at extremely low nutrient levels.many microorganisms ("oligotrophs") grow in distilled water: pseudomonas spp., caulobacter spp., hyphomicrobium spp., arthrobacter spp., seliberia spp., bactoderma alba, corynebacterium spp., amycolata (nocardia) autotrophica, mycobacterium spp., yeasts, and chlorella spp. also, certain lower fungi can be found here. in the laboratory, these organisms thrive on contaminations of the air (co, hydrocarbons, h2, alcohols etc.). all are euryosmotic and often grow also in higher concentrations of ...198611537832
characterization of 15 selected coccal bacteria isolated from antarctic rock and soil samples from the mcmurdo-dry valleys (south-victoria land).approximately 1500 cultures of microorganisms were isolated from rocks and soils of the ross desert (mcmurdo-dry valleys). from these, 15 coccoid strains were chosen for more detailed investigation. they were characterized by morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomical properties. all isolates were gram-positive, catalase-positive and nonmotile. six strains showed red pigmentation and could be identified as members of the genera micrococcus (m. roseus, m. agilis) or deinococcus. in sp ...198811538335
microbial metabolism of tholin.in this paper, we show that a wide variety of common soil bacteria are able to obtain their carbon and energy needs from tholin (a class of complex organic heteropolymers thought to be widely distributed through the solar system; in this case tholin was produced by passage of electrical discharge through a mixture of methane, ammonia, and water vapor). we have isolated aerobic, anaerobic, and facultatively anaerobic bacteria which are able to use tholin as a sole carbon source. organisms which ...199011538367
isolation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb)-degrading microorganisms and characterization of phb-depolymerase from arthrobacter sp. strain w6.microbial degraders of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) were isolated from soil. arthrobacter sp. strain w6 used not only phb as a carbon source, but also phas such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[5%]3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[14%]3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[22%]3-hydroxyvalerate). phb-depolymerase was purified to homogeneity from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. strain w6 by a procedure involving deae- and butyl-toyopearl column chromatographies. the m ...200111440137
[formation of microbial populations on the surface of protective coatings].formation of microbial cenosis on the surface of polyethylene-, polyurethane- and oil-bitumen-based protective coatings was studied in dynamics during 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. it has been shown that the biofilm was formed on the protective materials during 14 days and consisted of ammonifying, denitrifying, hydrocarbon-oxidizing and sulphate-reducing bacteria referred to pseudomonas, arthrobacter, bacillus and kesulfovibrio genera. the bacteria which form the biofilm on coatings possess high den ...200111558243
[dynamic of the volume and structure of the soil bacterial complex in the presence of azobenzene].azobenzene exerted no significant effect on the dynamics and the species composition of the saprophytic soil bacterial complex, which remained almost the same as in the control and was characterized by the predominance of curtobacterium sp., arthrobacter globiformis, and bacillus megaterium in all stages of succession. some heterotrophic bacteria were found to be able to accumulate azobenzene. bac. cereus and bac. polymyxa degraded azobenzene during their cultivation in nutrient media.200111558283
[microbiota of the orchid rhizoplane].six bacterial strains isolated from the underground roots of the terrestrial orchid calanthe vestita var. rubrooculata were found to belong to the genera arthrobacter, bacillus, mycobacterium, and pseudomonas. strains isolated from the aerial roots of the epiphytic orchid dendrobium moschatum were classified into the genera bacillus, curtobacterium, flavobacterium, nocardia, pseudomonas, rhodococcus, and xanthomonas. the rhizoplane of the terrestrial orchid was also populated by cyanobacteria of ...200111558285
bulk and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis: plant-dependent enrichment and seasonal shifts revealed.the bacterial rhizosphere communities of three host plants of the pathogenic fungus verticillium dahliae, field-grown strawberry (fragaria ananassa duch.), oilseed rape (brassica napus l.), and potato (solanum tuberosum l.), were analyzed. we aimed to determine the degree to which the rhizosphere effect is plant dependent and whether this effect would be increased by growing the same crops in two consecutive years. rhizosphere or soil samples were taken five times over the vegetation periods. to ...200111571180
interactions between yeasts and bacteria in the smear surface-ripened cheeses.in the initial phase of ripening, the microflora of bacterial smear surface-ripened cheeses such as limburger, taleggio, brick, münster and saint-paulin and that of surface mould-ripened cheeses such as camembert and brie may be similar, but at the end of the ripening, bacteria such as brevibacterium spp., arthrobacter spp., micrococcus spp., corynebacterium spp. and moulds such as penicillium camemberti are, respectively, the dominant microorganisms. yeasts such as candida spp., cryptococcus sp ...200111589547
carotenoid accumulation in the psychrotrophic bacterium arthrobacter agilis in response to thermal and salt stress.a psychrotrophic strain of arthrobacter agilis, isolated from antarctic sea ice, grows from 5 degrees c to 40 degrees c and in culture media containing 0-10% (w/v) nacl. maximum growth rate occurred at 30-35 degrees c with a drastic decline as the cultivation temperatures diverged. adaptation to extremes of low temperature may be partially attributed to the production of the c-50 carotenoid bacterioruberin, and its glycosylated derivatives. lowering of the cultivation temperature resulted in a c ...200111601625
immobilization of the hydantoin cleaving enzymes from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747.the immobilization procedure of the two industrially important hydantoin cleaving enzymes--hydantoinase and l-n-carbamoylase from arthrobacter aurescens dsm 3747--was optimized. using different methods (carbodiimide, epoxy activated carriers) it was possible to immobilize the crude hydantoinase from a. aurescens dsm 3747 to supports containing primary amino groups with a yield of up to 60%. immobilization on more hydrophobic supports such as eupergit c and c 250 l resulted in lower yields of act ...200111640987
rubrobacter-related bacteria associated with rosy discolouration of masonry and lime wall paintings.a molecular approach was chosen to analyse the correlation between bacterial colonisation and rosy discolouration of masonry and lime wall paintings of two historically important buildings in austria and germany. the applied molecular method included pcr amplification of genes encoding the small subunit rrna of bacteria (16s rdna), genetic fingerprinting by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge), construction of 16s rdna clone libraries, and comparative phylogenetic sequence analyses. th ...200111702076
cold-active citrate synthase: mutagenesis of active-site residues.a comparison of the crystal structure of the dimeric enzyme citrate synthase from the psychrophilic arthrobacter strain ds2-3r with that of the structurally homologous enzyme from the hyperthermophilic pyrococcus furiosus reveals a significant difference in the accessibility of their active sites to substrates. in this work, we investigated the possible role in cold activity of the greater accessibility of the arthrobacter citrate synthase. by site-directed mutagenesis, we replaced two alanine r ...200111707611
crystal structure and mechanism of catalysis of a pyrazinamidase from pyrococcus horikoshii.bacterial pyrazinamidase (pzaase)/nicotinamidase converts pyrazinamide (pza) to ammonia and pyrazinoic acid, which is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. loss of pzaase activity is the major mechanism of pyrazinamide-resistance by m. tuberculosis. we have determined the crystal structure of the gene product of pyrococcus horikoshii 999 (ph999), a pzaase, and its complex with zinc ion by x-ray crystallography. the overall fold of ph999 is similar to that of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrol ...200111714269
biological elimination of h2s and nh3 from wastegases by biofilter packed with immobilized heterotrophic bacteria.biotreatment of various ratios of h2s and nh3 gas mixtures was studied using the biofilters, packed with co-immobilized cells (arthrobacter oxydans ch8 for nh3 and pseudomonas putida ch11 for h2s). extensive tests to determine removal characteristics, removal efficiency, removal kinetics, and pressure drops of the biofilters were performed. to estimate the largest allowable inlet concentration, a prediction model was also employed. greater than 95%, and 90% removal efficiencies were observed for ...200111368219
spectroscopic observation of intermediates formed during the oxidative half-reaction of copper/topa quinone-containing phenylethylamine oxidase.the catalytic reaction of copper/topa quinone (tpq) containing amine oxidase consists of the initial, well-characterized, reductive half-reaction and the following, less studied, oxidative half-reaction. we have analyzed the oxidative half-reaction catalyzed by phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis (agao) by rapid-scan stopped-flow measurements. upon addition of dioxygen to the substrate-reduced agao at ph 8.2, the absorption bands derived from the semiquinone (tpq(sq)) and amin ...200111747456
exposure to airborne microorganisms in fiberboard and chipboard factories.microbiological air sampling was performed in one fiberboard factory and two chipboard factories located in south-eastern poland. it was found that the levels of bacteria, fungi, dust and bacterial endotoxin in the air of examined facilities were high during initial stages of the production cycle (shredding of waste wood, storing of chips) and then sharply decreased during further stages of this cycle (forming and formatting of the boards). in the fiberboard factory, the concentration of airborn ...200111748877
a highly efficient transposon mutagenesis system for the tomato pathogen clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis.a transposon mutagenesis system for clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis was developed based on antibiotic resistance transposons that were derived from the insertion element is1409 from arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. as a prerequisite, the electroporation efficiency was optimized by using unmethylated dna and treatment of the cells with glycine such that about 5 x 10(6) transformants per microg of dna were generally obtained. electroporation of c. michiganensis subsp. michigan ...200111763129
[synthesis of anabiosis autoinducers in non-spore-forming bacteria as a mechanism regulating their activity in soil and subsoil sedimentary rocks].non-spore-forming bacteria of the genera arthrobacter and micrococcus, isolated from permafrost subsoil, were found to produce greater amounts of the d1 extracellular factor than closely related collection strains isolated from soil. the effect of this factor, responsible for cell transition to anabiosis, was not species-specific. thus, the d1 crude preparation isolated from the culture liquid of the permafrost isolate arthrobacter globiformis 245 produced an effect on the collection strain arth ...200111763780
weeds as a source of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in agricultural soils.the influence of plant growth promoting (pgp) activity of bacterial communities recovered from each of six weed species (barnyard grass (echinochloa crusfalli (l.) beauv.), corn spurrey (spergula arvensis l.), goldenrod (sonchus sp.), italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum l.), lamb's-quarters (chenopodium album l.), and quack grass (agropyron repens (l.) beauv.)) was examined in relation to the effect it had on the growth of the potato cultivar russet burbank. bacterial species composition and co ...200111766050
[biosynthesis and use of coproporphyrins and uroporphyrins and their metal complexes in immune analysis and diagnostic methods].methods of synthesis of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin by using bacteria of the genus arthrobacter are proposed. metal complexes of coproporphyrin and uroporphyrin with pt, pd, and zn were synthesized. their structures were identified by spectrophotometry, ir spectrometry, 1h-nmr, mass spectrometry, and hplc. data showing the possibility to use coproporphyrin iii-metal complexes as luminophores for fluorescence detection of tumors. the current and prospective uses of metal complexes of water-so ...200111771318
rates of oxygen and hydrogen exchange as indicators of tpq cofactor orientation in amine oxidases.this study presents the first detailed examination by resonance raman (rr) spectroscopy of the rates of solvent exchange for the c5 and c3 positions of the tpq cofactor in several wild-type copper-containing amine oxidases and mutants of the amine oxidase from hansenula polymorpha (hpao). on the basis of crystal structure analysis and differing rates of c5 [double bond] o and c3 [bond] h exchange within the enzyme systems, but equally rapid rates of c5 [double bond] o and c3 [bond] h exchange in ...200211781110
[strains of pseudomonas fluorescens 3 and arthrobacter sp. 2--degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons].pseudomonas fluorescences 3 and arthrobacter sp. 2 strains were isolated from the association of microorganisms--destructors of oil hydrocarbons and were selected for their ability to grow on media with phenanthrene as the only source of carbon and energy. the p. fluorescens 3 strain is able to grow on naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. arthrobacter sp. 2 strain did not grow on naphthalene, but was able to destruct phenanthrene and fluorene. the destruction activity of these st ...200111785266
biological potential of extraterrestrial materials. 2. microbial and plant responses to nutrients in the murchison carbonaceous meteorite.meteoritic materials are investigated as potential early planetary nutrients. aqueous extracts of the murchison c2 carbonaceous meteorite are utilized as a sole carbon source by microorganisms, as demonstrated by the genetically modified pseudomonas fluorescence equipped with the lux gene. nutrient effects are observed also with the soil microorganisms nocardia asteroides and arthrobacter pascens that reach populations up to 5 x 10(7) cfu/ml in meteorite extracts, similar to populations in terre ...199711541241
sugar profiling proves that human serum erythropoietin differs from recombinant human erythropoietin.erythropoietin (epo) from sera obtained from anemic patients was successfully isolated using magnetic beads coated with a human epo (hepo)-specific antibody. human serum epo emerged as a broad band after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with an apparent molecular weight slightly smaller than that of recombinant hepo (rhepo). the bandwidth corresponded with microheterogeneity because of extensive glycosylation. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealing several differ ...200111739166
[effects of heavy charged particles on strains of microorganisms-producers of biologically active substances].effects of heavy charged particles on strains of bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki z-52 and arthrobacter oc-1 have been studied. evidence was obtained that heavy charged particles impact the morphologocultural and physiological properties of culture. as noted, the conditions of orbital flight may be considered a source of mutagenic effects on cultures of microorganisms.200011816408
repeated inoculation as a strategy for the remediation of low concentrations of phenanthrene in soil.phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, becomes increasingly unavailable to microorganisms for degradation as it ages in soil. consequently, many bioaugmentation efforts to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil have failed. we studied the effect of repeatedly inoculating a soil with a phenanthrene-degrading arthrobacter sp. on the mineralization kinetics of low concentrations of phenanthrene. after the first inoculation, the initial mineralization rate of 50 ng/g phenanthre ...200111826901
growth of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from sea water using phenol as the sole carbon source.moderately halophilic bacteria utilizing phenol as the sole carbon source were isolated by selective enrichment from sea water. the isolate (gram-negative motile rods) was identified as deleya venusta. it grew well in the presence of up to 1600 mg/l of phenol and 8% nacl under aerobic conditions. when the cells were treated with chloramphenicol prior to the addition of phenol they did not utilize added phenol, even after prolonged incubation. thus, the enzymes necessary for phenol metabolism app ...200111830940
biotransformation of phenylurea herbicides by a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2: structure, ecotoxicity and fate of diuron metabolite with soil fungi.in order to assess the influence of the aromatic substitution on the ability of a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2, to degrade phenylurea herbicides, biotransformation assays were performed in mineral medium with resting cells of this soil bacterial strain on three phenylurea herbicides (diuron, chlorotoluron and isoproturon). each herbicide considered, led to the formation of only one metabolite detected by hplc analysis. after isolation, the metabolites were identified by nmr and ms, ...200211838430
isolation, characterization and diuron transformation capacities of a bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. n2.a bacterial strain able to transform diuron was isolated from a soil by enrichment procedures. strain isolation was realized by plating on minimal-agarose medium spread with this herbicide and selecting the colonies surrounded by a clear thin halo. one strain was characterized and identified as an arthrobacter sp. it metabolized diuron and the final transformation product, 3,4-dichloroaniline, was produced in stoichiometric amounts. the transformation of diuron at different concentrations was mo ...200211838431
conversion of liposomal 4-androsten-3,17-dione by a. simplex immobilized cells in calcium pectate.arthrobacter simplex atcc 6946 free and immobilized cells were assayed for their ability to convert 4-androsten-3,17-dione (ad) to 1,4-androstadien-3,17-dione (add) in aqueous and liposomal media. bioconversions were carried out in a 100 ml flask containing 25 ml of ad liposomal or aqueous medium for 3h, and ad concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 mm were tested. ad/add ratios in samples were determined by hplc. biotransformation of substrate entrapped in multilamellar vesicles (mlv) was demon ...200211867272
inhibition of copper amine oxidases by pyridine-derived aldoximes and ketoximes.the reactions of pea diamine oxidase (psao) and 2-phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis (agao) with pyridine-derived oximes were studied. pyridine carbaldoximes and alkyl pyridyl ketoximes act as strong non-competitive inhibitors of the enzymes. the inhibition constants k(i) of these compounds vary between 10(-4) and 10(-5) m, for agao and some of the studied oximes were found even micromolar k(i) values. the presence of pyridine moiety in the studied compounds has remarkable in ...200111879727
[studies on bioconversion conditions and stereoselectivity of arthrobacter k1108 hydantoinase].the bioconversion conditions of hydantoinase of arthrobacter k1108 were studied. it was shown that the optimum temperature of the enzyme is 55 degrees c, and the optimum ph is 7.0. the enzyme can be activated by co2+ and fe2+, while inhibited by ca2+. the optimal substrate of the hydantoinase is 5-benzylhydantoin, while 5-phenylhydantoin and 5-indolylmethylhydantoin cannot effectively digested, showing a high specificity on the substrates. an investigation on the hydantoinase stereoselectivity m ...200111910755
mechanistic aspects of the covalent flavoprotein dimethylglycine oxidase of arthrobacter globiformis studied by stopped-flow spectrophotometry.dimethylglycine oxidase (dmgo) is a covalent flavoenzyme from arthrobacter globiformis that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of dimethylglycine to yield sarcosine, formaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. stopped-flow and steady-state kinetic studies have been used to study the reductive and oxidative half-reactions using dimethylglycine and o2 as substrates. the reductive half-reaction is triphasic. the rate of the fast phase is dependent on substrate concentration, involves flavin reduction, ...200211926836
l-methionine degradation potentialities of cheese-ripening microorganisms.volatile sulphur compounds are major flavouring compounds in many traditional fermented foods including cheeses. these compounds are products of the catabolism of l-methionine by cheese-ripening microorganisms. the diversity of l-methionine degradation by such microorganisms, however, remains to be characterized. the objective of this work was to compare the capacities to produce volatile sulphur compounds by five yeasts, geotrichum candidum, yarrowia lipolytica, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyc ...200111928962
arthrobacter nasiphocae sp. nov., from the common seal (phoca vitulina).an unknown gram-positive, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the nasal cavities of two common seals. chemical analysis revealed the presence in the bacterium of a hitherto unknown cell-wall murein [type: l-lys-l-ala2-gly(2-3)-l-ala (gly)]. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the unidentified rod was related to the arthrobacter group of organisms, although sequence divergence values of >3% from established members of this genus indicated that ...200211931170
[bacterial succession on n-alkanes under the conditions of sulfate reduction].the dynamics of species composition of a hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteriocenosis of a ground suspension of mozhaisk reservoir has been studied. the bacteriocenosis was undergoing development in a paraffin film (model association composed of sulfate-reducing bacteria and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria). the type of bacterial succession did not depend on the depth, from which ground samples were collected. two microbial species (pseudomonas sp. and arthrobacter globiformis) were absolutely dominant. ...200211962208
response of endophytic bacterial communities in potato plants to infection with erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica.the term endophyte refers to interior colonization of plants by microorganisms that do not have pathogenic effects on their hosts, and various endophytes have been found to play important roles in plant vitality. in this study, cultivation-independent terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s ribosomal dna directly amplified from plant tissue dna was used in combination with molecular characterization of isolates to examine the influence of plant stress, achieved by infec ...200211976096
flow-through chemiluminescence sensor using immobilized histamine oxidase from arthrobacter crystallopoietes kait-b-007 and peroxidase for selective determination of histamine.a flow sensor with immobilized oxidases is proposed for the determination of histamine in fish meat. chemiluminometric measurement of histamine was based on the luminol reaction with hydrogen peroxide produced by immobilized histamine oxidase (ec 1.4.3.-.) and peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7.) within a flow cell. histamine oxidase was found in cells of arthrobacter crystallopoietes kait-b-007 isolated from soil. the oxidase and peroxidase were coimmobilized covalently on tresylated hydrophilic vinyl pol ...200111990588
utilization of xylitol dehydrogenase in a combined microbial/enzymatic process for production of xylitol from d-glucose.the production of xylitol from d-glucose occurs through a three-step process in which d-arabitol and d-xylulose are formed as the first and second intermediate product, respectively, and both are obtained via microbial bioconversion reactions. catalytic hydrogenation of d-xylulose yields xylitol; however, it is contaminated with d-arabitol. the aim of this study was to increase the stereoselectivity of the d-xylulose reduction step by using enzymatic catalysis. recombinant xylitol dehydrogenase ...200212018283
[the role of low-molecular-weight nitrogen compounds in the osmotolerance of rhodococcus erythropolis and arthrobacter globiformis].investigations showed that rhodococcus erythropolis e-15 and arthrobacter globiformis 2f cells respond to osmotic shock by increasing the synthesis of free amino acids, primarily glutamic acid (80% of the intracellular free amino acid pool). the osmoprotective role of glutamic acid follows from its beneficial effect on the growth of bacteria in high-salinity media. it was found that the addition of this amino acid to the growth medium at a concentration of 2 mm shortened the lag phase and increa ...200212024813
arthrobacter roseus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an antarctic cyanobacterial mat sample.strain cms 90rt, a red-pigmented bacterium, was isolated from a cyanobacterial mat sample from a pond located in mcmurdo, antarctica. based on its chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain cms 90r(t) was identified as a member of group i of arthrobacter. it shared 16s rdna similarity of 98% with arthrobacter oxydans atcc 14358t and arthrobacter polychromogenes atcc 15216t, while dna-dna similarities determined for these three organisms were less than 70%. it also differed from all 17 re ...200212054218
exposure to airborne microorganisms in furniture factories.microbiological air sampling was performed in 2 furniture factories located in eastern poland. in one factory furniture were made from fibreboards and chipboards while in the other from beech wood. it was found that the concentration of total microorganisms (bacteria + fungi) in the air of the facility using beech wood for furniture production (mean 10.7 x (3) cfu/m(3), range 3.3 27.5 x (3) cfu/m(3)) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) compared to microbial concentration in the facility using fi ...200212088403
response of furniture factory workers to work-related airborne allergens.the aim of this work was to determine the reactivity of furniture factory workers to microbial allergens associated with wood dust. allergological examinations by skin and precipitin tests were performed in 48 workers employed in a factory producing furniture from fibreboards and chipboards, and in 32 healthy urban dwellers not exposed to organic dusts (referents). the skin test was performed by the intradermal method with the saline extracts of the cultures of 3 microbial species (rahnella sp., ...200212088404
electron spin resonance study of copper biosorption by bacteria.the biosorption of copper by bacteria was studied by using esr spectroscopy. among bacteria tested, arthrobacter nicotianae has the most excellent ability to sorb copper. the biosorption of copper by arthrobacter cells was so rapid, affected by the solution ph, and obeys the langmuir adsorption equilibrium. the electron spin resonance (esr) spectra of cu(ii) in bacterial cells are axial type, having a major absorption to higher field at gperpendicular and lesser absorption to lower field at gpar ...200212092584
the structure of l-hydantoinase from arthobacter aurescens leads to an understanding of dihydropyrimidinase substrate and enantio specificity.l-hydantoinase from arthrobacter aurescens (l-hyd) is a member of the dihydropyrimidinases which in turn belong to the cyclic amidases. dihydropyrimidinases catalyze the reversible hydrolytic ring opening of dihydropyrimidines as the second step in the catabolism of pyrimidines. in biotechnology, their hydroloytic activity on five-membered cyclic diamides (hydantoins) is used in the enantio-specific production of amino acids from racemic hydantoins. l-hyd differs from most of the other dihydropy ...200212093275
x-ray snapshots of quinone cofactor biogenesis in bacterial copper amine oxidase.the quinone cofactor tpq in copper amine oxidase is generated by posttranslational modification of an active site tyrosine residue. using x-ray crystallography, we have probed the copper-dependent autooxidation process of tpq in the enzyme from arthrobacter globiformis. apo enzyme crystals were anaerobically soaked with copper; the structure determined from this crystal provides a view of the initial state: the unmodified tyrosine coordinated to the bound copper. exposure of the copper-bound cry ...200212134140
optimization of protease activity of alkaliphilic bacteria isolated from an alkaline lake in india.alkaliphilic bacteria belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, pseudomonas and arthrobacter isolated from sediment samples of the alkaline lonar lake situated in the buldhana district of maharashtra state, india, were studied for the production of protease activity. among the 54 isolates obtained, arthrobacter ramosus and bacillus alcalophilus exhibited high protease activity using soyacake as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. protease activity was optimum at 1% initial ...200212146649
biomineralization of an organophosphorus pesticide, monocrotophos, by soil bacteria.to study biomineralization of monocrotophos (mcp) and identify the metabolites formed during biodegradation.200212147070
molecular and enzymatic characterization of a levan fructotransferase from microbacterium sp. al-210.microbacterium sp. al-210 producing a novel levan fructotransferase (lftase) was screened from soil samples. the lftase was purified to homogeneity by (nh4)2so4 fractionation, column chromatography on resource q, and superdex 200hr. the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 46 kda by both sds-page and gel filtration, and the enzyme's isoelectric point was ph 4.8. the major product produced from the levan hydrolysis by the enzyme reaction was identified by atmo ...200111522362
enzymes of dimethylsulfone metabolism and the phylogenetic characterization of the facultative methylotrophs arthrobacter sulfonivorans sp. nov., arthrobacter methylotrophus sp. nov., and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans sp. nov.novel methylotrophic arthrobacter and hyphomicrobium species are described. constitutive membrane-associated dimethylsulfone- and dimethylsulfoxide-reductases were found in arthrobacter methylotrophus strain tga and hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans strain s1. enzyme activities increased during growth with dimethylsulfone or dimethylsulfoxide, respectively, and different ratios of activity with different growth substrates indicated that they are separate enzymes. sds-page showed some membrane-associa ...200211807567
the trans-anethole degradation pathway in an arthrobacter sp.a bacterial strain (ta13) capable of utilizing t-anethole as the sole carbon source was isolated from soil. the strain was identified as arthrobacter aurescens based on its 16 s rrna gene sequence. key steps of the degradation pathway of t-anethole were identified by the use of t-anethole-blocked mutants and specific inducible enzymatic activities. in addition to t-anethole, strain ta13 is capable of utilizing anisic acid, anisaldehyde, and anisic alcohol as the sole carbon source. t-anethole-bl ...200211805095
towards the development of selective amine oxidase inhibitors. mechanism-based inhibition of six copper containing amine oxidases.four substrate analogs, 4-(2-naphthyloxy)-2-butyn-1-amine (1), 1,4-diamino-2-chloro-2-butene (2), 1,6-diamino-2,4-hexadiyne (3), and 2-chloro-5-phthalimidopentylamine (4) have been tested as inhibitors against mammalian, plant, bacterial, and fungal copper-containing amine oxidases: bovine plasma amine oxidase (bpao), equine plasma amine oxidase (epao), pea seedling amine oxidase (psao), arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao), escherichia coli amine oxidase (ecao), and pichia pastoris lys ...200212153561
cultivation-dependent characterization of bacterial diversity from british columbia forest soils subjected to disturbance.bacteria from forest surface organic matter and mineral soil horizons were cultivated using four methods and characterized by fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analysis. soil samples from a british columbia ministry of forests long-term soil productivity (ltsp) installation were collected during winter and summer from two disturbance treatments (whole-tree harvesting with no soil compaction (plot n) and whole-tree harvesting plus complete surface organic matter removal with heavy soil compaction (p ...200212224563
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