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lc-ms method for screening unknown microbial carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones.the structure of secondary metabolites from microorganisms provides a useful tool for microbial characterization and chemotaxonomic classification. microbial isoprenoid quinones, for example, are well described and used to distinguish among photosynthetic microorganism groups. in addition, isoprenoid quinones can also be found, together with carotenoids, in non-photosynthetic microorganisms. the aim of the present study was to develop a lc-ms/ms method which can analyze and identify these microb ...201222036764
cow teat skin, a potential source of diverse microbial populations for cheese production.the diversity of the microbial community on cow teat skin was evaluated using a culture-dependent method based on the use of different dairy-specific media, followed by the identification of isolates by 16s rrna gene sequencing. this was combined with a direct molecular approach by cloning and 16s rrna gene sequencing. this study highlighted the large diversity of the bacterial community that may be found on teat skin, where 79.8% of clones corresponded to various unidentified species as well as ...201222081572
Pseudoclavibacter-like subcutaneous infection: a case report.ABSTRACT:201121933406
screening of microorganisms for biodegradation of simazine pollution (obsolete pesticide azotop 50 wp).the capability of environmental microorganisms to biodegrade simazine-an active substance of 2-chloro-s-triazine herbicides (pesticide waste since 2007)-was assessed. an enormous metabolic potential of microorganisms impels to explore the possibilities of using them as an alternative way for thermal and chemical methods of utilization. first, the biotope rich in microorganisms resistant to simazine was examined. only the higher dose of simazine (100 mg/l) had an actual influence on quantity of b ...201121949452
the arthrobacter species fb24 arth_1007 (dnab) intein is a pseudogene.an arthrobacter species fb24 gene (locus tag arth_1007) was previously annotated as a putative intein-containing dnab helicase of phage origin (arsp-fb24 dnab intein). however, it is not a helicase gene because the sequence similarity is limited to inteins. in fact, the flanking exteins total only 66 amino acids. therefore, the intein should be referred to as the arsp-fb24 arth_1007 intein. the arsp-fb24 arth_1007 intein failed to splice in its native precursor and in a model precursor. we previ ...201122028863
pathway for degradation of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol in arthrobacter sp. sjcon.degradation of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (2c4np) was studied by arthrobacter sp. sjcon, isolated from the soil of a pesticide contaminated site. this strain utilized 2c4np as sole source of carbon and energy and degraded 2c4np with stoichiometric release of nitrite and chloride ions. a metabolite was detected during the study of 2c4np degradation and identified as chlorohydroquinone (chq) by thin layer chromatography (tlc), high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), and gas chromatography-mass ...201121960016
the three-dimensional structure of nylon hydrolase and the mechanism of nylon-6 hydrolysis.we performed x-ray crystallographic analyses of the 6-aminohexanoate oligomer hydrolase (nylc) from agromyces sp. at 2.0 å-resolution. this enzyme is a member of the n-terminal nucleophile (n-tn) hydrolase superfamily that is responsible for the degradation of the nylon-6 industry byproduct. we observed four identical heterodimers (27kda+9kda), which resulted from the autoprocessing of the precursor protein (36kda) and which constitute the doughnut-shaped quaternary structure. the catalytic resi ...201122187439
reversible immobilization of uricase on conductive polyaniline brushes grafted on polyacrylonitrile film.polyacrylonitrile film (pan) surfaces were modified with chemical polymerization of conductive polyaniline (pani) in the presence of potassium dichromate as an oxidizing agent. the conductive films were used for immobilization of uricase. the surface resistance of the conductive film in this work was found to be 0.97 kω/cm. the maximum amount of immobilized enzyme on conductive film containing 2.4% pani was about 216 μg/cm(2). the optimum ph for free and immobilized enzymes was observed at 7.0 a ...201120652599
enzymatic assay of phosphatidylethanolamine in serum using amine oxidase from arthrobacter sp.in human serum, as for phospholipids not containing choline, phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) exists approximately 5% in a whole phospholipid. pe is well known as one of the main components of biological membranes, and also plays important roles that contribute to apoptosis and cell signaling. however, it could not measure pe with other phospholipids due to a lack of choline in them.201121549106
surface microbial consortia from livarot, a french smear-ripened cheese.the surface microflora (902 isolates) of livarot cheeses from three dairies was investigated during ripening. yeasts were mainly identified by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. geotrichum candidum was the dominating yeast among 10 species. bacteria were identified using biotype 100 strips, dereplicated by repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr (rep-pcr); 156 representative strains were identified by either box-pcr or (gtg)(5)-pcr, and when appropriate by 16s rdna sequencing and sds-page an ...201121815832
antagonistic interaction networks among bacteria from a cold soil environment.microbial antagonism in an arctic soil habitat was demonstrated by assessing the inhibitory interactions between bacterial isolates from the same location. of 139 isolates obtained from five soil samples, 20 antagonists belonging to the genera, arthrobacter, pseudomonas and flavobacterium were identified. inter-genus, inter-species and inter-strain antagonism was observed between the interacting members. the extent of antagonism was temperature dependent. in some cases, antagonism was enhanced a ...201122092175
regulation of expression of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase during cold shock in arthrobacter strain a3.trehalose is a chemical chaperone known to protect a variety of organisms against cold stress. members of the genus arthrobacter, which belongs to the actinomycetales group, exhibit strong resistance to stress conditions, but exactly how trehalose synthesis is regulated in conditions of cold stress is still unknown. here, we report that arthrobacter strain a3, which was isolated from the alpine permafrost, has only two trehalose synthesis pathways (otsa/b and tres), while other arthrobacter spp. ...201121630027
screening of microorganisms producing cold-active oxidoreductases to be applied in enantioselective alcohol oxidation. an antarctic survey.several microorganisms were isolated from soil/sediment samples of antarctic peninsula. the enrichment technique using (rs)-1-(phenyl)ethanol as a carbon source allowed us to isolate 232 psychrophile/psychrotroph microorganisms. we also evaluated the enzyme activity (oxidoreductases) for enantioselective oxidation reactions, by using derivatives of (rs)-1-(phenyl)ethanol as substrates. among the studied microorganisms, 15 psychrophile/psychrotroph strains contain oxidoreductases that catalyze th ...201121673897
characterisation of the staphylococcal bacteriophage lysin chap(k).aims: to develop an efficient purification strategy for the bacteriophage lysin chap(k) . to evaluate its antibacterial spectrum(,) enzymatic properties, optimal reaction conditions and lytic activity against live s. aureus. methods and results: recombinant chap(k) was purified to homogeneity by cation exchange chromatography, with yields of up to 10 mg from 1 litre of e. coli culture. the lytic spectrum of chap(k) includes all staphylococcal species and also members of the genera micrcococcus ...201121812876
phylogenetic perspectives of nitrogen-fixing actinobacteria.it was assumed for a long time that the ability to catalyze atmospheric nitrogen (diazotrophy) has a narrow distribution among actinobacteria being limited to the genus frankia. recently, the number of nitrogen fixation (nifh) genes identified in other non-frankia actinobacteria has dramatically increased and has opened investigation on the origin and emergence of diazotrophy among actinobacteria. during the last decade, mycobacterium flavum, corynebacterium autotrophicum and a fluorescent arthr ...201121779790
ecotoxicity evaluation of selected sulfonamides.sulfonamides (sas) are a group of antibiotic drugs widely used in veterinary medicine. the contamination of the environment by these pharmaceuticals has raised concern in recent years. however, knowledge of their (eco)toxicity is still very basic and is restricted to just a few of these substances. even though their toxicological analysis has been thoroughly performed and ecotoxicological data are available in the literature, a systematic analysis of their ecotoxicological potential has yet to b ...201121752420
effects of microbial species, organic loading and substrate degradation rate on the power generation capability of microbial fuel cells.four microbial fuel cells (mfcs) inoculated with different bacterial species were constructed. the species were pseudomonas putida, comamonas testosteroni, corynebacterium gultamicum, and arthrobacter polychromogenes. the mfcs were operated under identical continuous flow conditions. the factors affecting the capabilities of the mfcs for treating organic matter and generating power were evaluated and compared. the factors include microbial species type, organic loading, and substrate degradation ...201121750995
reutilization of cr-y zeolite obtained by biosorption in the catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds.this work aims at the reutilization of a cr-loaded nay zeolite obtained by biorecovery of chromium from water as catalyst in the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (voc). cr-nay catalysts were obtained after biosorption of cr(vi) using a bacterium, arthrobacter viscosus, supported on the zeolite. the biosorption experiments were conducted at different ph values in the range 1-4. the catalysts were characterized by several techniques, namely icp-aes, sem-eds, xrd, xps, raman, h(2)-tpr and n( ...201121684081
description of sinomonas soli sp. nov., reclassification of arthrobacter echigonensis and arthrobacter albidus (ding et al. 2009) as sinomonas echigonense comb. nov. and sinomonas albida comb. nov. and emended description of the genus sinomonas.a novel actinomycete strain, designated cw 59(t), was isolated from a polluted forest soil sample in anhui province, china. the cells were strictly aerobic, non-motile and bent rods. the strain grew optimally at 30-37 °c and ph 6.0-8.0. the major fatty acids were ai-c(15:0) (34.7%), i-c(15:0) (11.6%) and ai-c(17:0) (14.9%); the predominant respiratory quinone was mk-9 (h2) with a minor amount of mk-8 (h2). the polar lipid composition of the strain cw 59(t) consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, ph ...201121571934
heterologous expression and characterization of two 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid dioxygenases from arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans.a protein fraction exhibiting 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1-h2na) dioxygenase activity was purified via ion exchange, hydrophobic interactions, and gel filtration chromatography from arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans sp. nov. strain sphe3 isolated from a greek creosote-oil-polluted site. matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) and tandem ms (ms-ms) analysis revealed that the amino acid sequences of oligopeptides of the major 45-kda protein specie ...201122101055
complete detoxification of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate by mixed two bacteria, sphingobium sp. strain tcm1 and arthrobacter sp. strain py1.tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (tdcpp), a flame retardant, is regarded as a potentially toxic and persistent environmental contaminant. we previously isolated a tdcpp-degrading bacterium, sphingobium sp. strain tcm1, which, however, produced a toxic metabolite: 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-dcp). this study was undertaken to develop a technique for complete tdcpp detoxification using strain tcm1 with a 1,3-dcp-degrading bacterium, arthrobacter sp. strain py1. for efficient detoxification, ...201121956155
degradation of a benzene-toluene mixture by hydrocarbon-adapted bacterial communities.we examined the rate of degradation of a benzene-toluene mixture in aerobic microcosms prepared with samples of an aquifer that lies below a petrochemical plant (siren, uk). five samples exposed to different concentrations of benzene (from 0.6 to 317 mg l(-1)) were used. fast degradation (approx. 1-6 mg l(-1) day(-1)) of both contaminants was observed in all groundwater samples and complete degradation was recorded by the seventh day except for one sample. we also identified the microbial commun ...201121949494
batch biodegradation of para-nitrophenol using arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6.the present study reports the kinetics of p-nitrophenol (pnp) biodegradation by arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 in batch shake flasks for initial pnp concentrations in the range of 25-225 mg l(-1). results of batch growth kinetics of a. chlorophenolicus a6 at various initial pnp concentrations revealed that the culture followed substrate inhibition kinetics with estimated decay coefficient value of 0.0132 h(-1). biokinetic constants involved in the process were estimated by fitting the experime ...201121927857
a novel transaminase, (r)-amine:pyruvate aminotransferase, from arthrobacter sp. knk168 (ferm bp-5228): purification, characterization, and gene cloning.a novel (r)-amine transaminase, which catalyzed (r)-enantioselective transamination of chiral amine, was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. knk168 (ferm bp-5228). the molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 148 kda by gel filtration and 37 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting a homotetrameric structure. the enzyme catalyzed transamination between amines and pyruvate stereo-specifically. the reaction on 1-methylbenzylamine was (r)-enanti ...201122002066
a novel nadh-dependent and fad-containing hydroxylase is crucial for nicotine degradation by pseudomonas putida.nicotine, the main alkaloid produced by nicotiana tabacum and other solanaceae, is very toxic and may be a leading toxicant causing preventable disease and death, with the rise in global tobacco consumption. several different microbial pathways of nicotine metabolism have been reported: arthrobacter uses the pyridine pathway, and pseudomonas, like mammals, uses the pyrrolidine pathway. we identified and characterized a novel 6-hydroxy-3-succinoyl-pyridine (hsp) hydroxylase (hspb) using enzyme pu ...201121949128
[High throughput screening atrazine chlorohydrolase mutants with enhanced activity through Haematococcus pluvialis expression system].Developing a high-throughput screening method is of great importance for directed evolution of atrazine chlorohydrolase. A mutagenesis library of atzA from Pseudomonas sp. ADP and Arthrobacter sp. AD1 was constructed using error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling. Candidate mutants were screened through Haematococcus pluvialis expression system, using atrazine as selection pressure. Sequence analysis showed that mutations in the obtained 12 mutants with enhanced activity were all point-substitutions an ...201121847998
Structural insights into the substrate specificity of bacterial copper amine oxidase obtained by using irreversible inhibitors.Copper amine oxidases (CAOs) catalyze the oxidation of various aliphatic amines to the corresponding aldehydes, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Although CAOs from various organisms share a highly conserved active-site structure including a protein-derived cofactor, topa quinone (TPQ), their substrate specificities differ considerably. To obtain structural insights into the substrate specificity of a CAO from Arthrobacter globiformis (AGAO), we have determined the X-ray crystal structures of AGAO ...201121984603
chemoenzymatic synthesis and fcγ receptor binding of homogeneous glycoforms of antibody fc domain. presence of a bisecting sugar moiety enhances the affinity of fc to fcγiiia receptor.structurally well-defined igg-fc glycoforms are highly demanded for understanding the effects of glycosylation on an antibody's effector functions. we report in this paper chemoenzymatic synthesis and fcγ receptor binding of an array of homogeneous igg-fc glycoforms. the chemoenzymatic approach consists of the chemical synthesis of defined n-glycan oxazolines as donor substrates, the expression of the fc domain in a cho cell line in the presence of an α-mannosidase inhibitor kifunensine, and an ...201122004528
Enhancing the recombinant protein expression of halohydrin dehalogenase HheA in Escherichia coli by applying a codon optimization strategy.Halohydrin dehalogenases are attractive biocatalysts in producing a series of important chiral building blocks. Recombinant expression of halohydrin dehalogenase from Arthrobacter sp. AD2 (HheA) in Escherichia coli using T7 promoter-based pGEF(+) system revealed much lower expression level than that of the well-studied halohydrin dehalogenase from Agrobacterium radiobacter AD1 (HheC). In this study, we changed the codon usage in the 5'-end of hheA gene to improve the expression yield of HheA. Ou ...201122112566
characterization of the volatile profile of antarctic bacteria by using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.bacteria belonging to the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) are significant pathogens in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients and are resistant to a plethora of antibiotics. in this context, microorganisms from antarctica are interesting because they produce antimicrobial compounds inhibiting the growth of other bacteria. this is particularly true for bacteria isolated from antarctic sponges. the aim of this work was to characterize a set of antarctic bacteria for their ability to produce new natural ...201122012672
removal of hexavalent chromium of contaminated soil by coupling electrokinetic remediation and permeable reactive biobarriers.purpose: in this study, a novel and ecological alternative have been developed to treat soils contaminated with hexavalent chromium coupling two well-known systems: electrokinetic remediation and permeable reactive biobarriers. the electric field promotes the electromigration of the hexavalent chromium oxyanions towards the anode. the biobarriers were placed before the anode electrode, in order to promote the reduction and retention of the chromium migrating in its directio ...201122203400
construction of escherichia coli-arthrobacter-rhodococcus shuttle vectors based on a cryptic plasmid from arthrobacter rhombi and investigation of their application for functional screening.a cryptic plasmid from arthrobacter rhombi prh1, designated as pprh, was sequenced and characterized. it was 5000 bp in length with a g+c content of 66 mol%. the plasmid pprh was predicted to encode six putative open reading frames (orfs), in which orf2 and orf3 formed the minimal replicon of plasmid pprh and shared 55-61% and 60-69% homology, respectively, with the repa and repb proteins of reported rhodococcal plasmids. sequence analysis revealed a typical cole2-type ori located 45 bp upstream ...201122098420
[study on 2-methylpyridine initial catabolic pathways in arthrobacter sp. km-2mp strain]. 201121861369
impact of pgpr inoculation on growth and antioxidant status of wheat under saline conditions.two plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (pgpr) strains, bacillus subtilis su47 and arthrobacter sp. su18, were found to tolerate 8% nacl. wheat co-inoculated with these two pgpr strains, and grown under different salinity regimes (2-6 ds m(-1) ), showed an increase in dry biomass, total soluble sugars and proline content. wheat sodium content was reduced under co-inoculated conditions but not after single inoculation with either strain or in the control. the activity of antioxidant enzymes in ...201122136617
a multiphasic approach for the identification of endophytic bacterial in strawberry fruit and their potential for plant growth promotion.this study used a multiphasic approach, characterized by the simultaneous use of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods, to investigate endophytic bacterial communities in strawberry (fragaria ananassa) fruit. a total of 92 bacterial endophytes were isolated and initially grouped by their repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-pcr banding pattern and biochemical features. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequences of 45 representatives showed that the isolates belonged to t ...201121837472
biodegradation kinetics of 4-fluorocinnamic acid by a consortium of arthrobacter and ralstonia strains.arthrobacter sp. strain g1 is able to grow on 4-fluorocinnamic acid (4-fca) as sole carbon source. the organism converts 4-fca into 4-fluorobenzoic acid (4-fba) and utilizes the two-carbon side-chain for growth with some formation of 4-fluoroacetophenone as a dead-end side product. we also have isolated ralstonia sp. strain h1, an organism that degrades 4-fba. a consortium of strains g1 and h1 degraded 4-fca with monod kinetics during growth in batch and continuous cultures. specific growth rate ...201121728015
cloning and extracellular expression of inulin fructotransferase from arthrobacter aurescens sk 8.001 in e. coli.difructose anhydride (dfa) iii is a natural and low-calorie sweetener. it stimulates the absorption of calcium and other minerals. inulin fructotransferase (iftase; ec 4.2.2.18), catalysing inulin hydrolysis to dfa iii, is considered to be the most promising enzyme for the production of dfa iii.201122081477
Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases in aroma compound synthesis.Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are presented as highly selective and efficient biocatalysts for the synthesis of aroma lactones via kinetic resolution of 2-substituted cycloketones, exemplified with two d-valerolactones, the jasmine lactones and their e-caprolactone homologs. Analytical scale screens of our BVMO library ensued by preparative whole-cell biotransformations led to the identification of two enzymes (cyclohexanone monooxygenase from Arthrobacter BP2 and cyclododecanone monoox ...201121900007
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (maldi)-time of flight mass spectrometry- and maldi biotyper-based identification of cultured biphenyl-metabolizing bacteria from contaminated horseradish rhizosphere soil.bacteria that are able to utilize biphenyl as a sole source of carbon were extracted and isolated from polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soil vegetated by horseradish. isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). the usage of maldi biotyper for the classification of isolates was evaluated and compared to 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. a wide spectrum of bacteria was isolated, with arthrobacter, serratia, r ...201121821747
amylolytic microorganism from s+úo paulo zoo composting: isolation, identification, and amylase production.composting is a way of transforming the organic waste into fertilizer, minimizing the use of inorganic compounds that may contaminate the environment. this transformation is the result of the microorganism action, converting complex carbon sources into energy. enzymes that are exported by the microorganisms to the surrounding environment mediate this process. the aiming of the present work is to prospect the compost produced by the organic composting unit (ocu) of the funda+º+úo parque zool+¦gic ...201121845217
pa0148 from pseudomonas aeruginosa catalyzes the deamination of adenine.four proteins from ncbi cog1816, previously annotated as adenosine deaminases, have been subjected to structural and functional characterization. pa0148 (pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1), aaur1117 (arthrobacter aurescens tc1), sgx9403e, and sgx9403g have been purified and their substrate profiles determined. adenosine is not a substrate for any of these enzymes. all of these proteins will deaminate adenine to produce hypoxanthine with k(cat)/k(m) values that exceed 10(5) m(-1) s(-1). these enzymes w ...201121710971
glycinebetaine enhances the tolerance of tomato plants to high temperature during germination of seeds and growth of seedlings.tomato (lycopersicon esculentum cv. 'moneymaker') was transformed with a coda gene, from arthrobacter globiformis, for choline oxidase that had been modified to allow targeting to both chloroplasts and the cytosol. glycinebetaine (gb) accumulated in seeds of transformed plants up to 1 -ámol g(-1) dw, while no detectable gb was found in wild-type seeds. the coda-transgenic seeds germinated faster and at higher frequency than wild-type seeds with high temperature treatment. after heat stress, leve ...201121711358
an isofenphos-methyl hydrolase (imh) capable of hydrolyzing the p-o-z moiety of organophosphorus pesticides containing an aryl or heterocyclic group.organophosphorus pesticide (op) hydrolases play key roles in the degradation and decontamination of agricultural and household ops and in the detoxification of chemical warfare agents. in this study, an isofenphos-methyl hydrolase gene (imh) was cloned from the isocarbophos-degrading strain of arthrobacter sp. scl-2 using the polymerase chain reaction method. isofenphos-methyl hydrolase (imh) showed 98% sequence identity with the isofenphos hydrolase from arthrobacter sp. strain b-5. imh was hig ...201122120622
cultured bacterial diversity and human impact on alpine glacier cryoconite.the anthropogenic effect on the microbial communities in alpine glacier cryoconites was investigated by cultivation and physiological characterization of bacteria from six cryoconite samples taken at sites with different amounts of human impact. two hundred and forty seven bacterial isolates were included in actinobacteria (9%, particularly arthrobacter), bacteroidetes (14%, particularly olleya), firmicutes (0.8%), alphaproteobacteria (2%), betaproteobacteria (16%, particularly janthinobacterium ...201121717318
The overlooked difference between human endogenous and recombinant erythropoietins and its implication for sports drug testing and pharmaceutical drug design.Sequential deglycosylation by exoglycosidase treatment (Reagent Array Analysis Method, RAAM) and subsequent sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed a profound structural difference between human endogenous and recombinant erythropoietins. While both proteins behaved similarly upon digestion with Arthrobacter ureafaciens a-sialidase and Steptococcus pneumoniae ß-D-galactosidase, the action of N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase from Steptococcus pneumoniae was partl ...201122140023
exposure to bioaerosols in the selected agricultural facilities of the ukraine and poland - a review.the aim of this work was to review the studies on bioaerosols which were carried out in the years 1972-2009 in following branches of agricultural industry in the ukraine and poland: animal farms for cows and pigs, animal feed facilities, production of biofuel from rape, herb farms and herb processing facilities. in all facilities were determined: concentration of dust and microorganisms in the air and species composition of microflora. moreover, in polish animal farms, herb farms and herb proces ...201121736265
molinate hydrolase from gulosibacter molinativorax on4t - a novel cobalt dependent amidohydrolase.a new pathway of molinate mineralization has been recently described. among the five members of the mixed culture able to promote such a process, gulosibacter molinativorax on4(t) has been observed to promote the initial breakdown of the herbicide into ethanethiol and azepane-1-carboxylate. in the current study, the gene encoding the enzyme responsible for molinate hydrolysis was identified, heterologously expressed and the resultant active protein purified and characterized. nucleotide sequence ...201121840982
sponge-associated microbial antarctic communities exhibiting antimicrobial activity against burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria.the aerobic heterotrophic bacterial communities isolated from three different antarctic sponge species were analyzed for their ability to produce antimicrobial compounds active toward cystic fibrosis opportunistic pathogens belonging to the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc). the phylogenetic analysis performed on the 16s rrna genes affiliated the 140 bacterial strains analyzed to 15 genera. just three of them (psychrobacter, pseudoalteromonas and arthrobacter) were shared by the three sponges. ...201121742025
complete genome sequence of arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans type strain (sphe3).arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans is the type species of the genus, and is able to metabolize phenanthrene as a sole source of carbon and energy. a. phenanthrenivorans is an aerobic, non-motile, and gram-positive bacterium, exhibiting a rod-coccus growth cycle which was originally isolated from a creosote polluted site in epirus, greece. here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence, and annotation.201121677849
Kinetics of biodegradation of diethylketone by Arthrobacter viscosus.The performance of an Arthrobacter viscosus culture to remove diethylketone from aqueous solutions was evaluated. The effect of initial concentration of diethylketone on the growth of the bacteria was evaluated for the range of concentration between 0 and 4.8-ág/l, aiming to evaluate a possible toxicological effect. The maximum specific growth rate achieved is 0.221-áh(-1) at 1.6-ág/l of initial diethylketone concentration, suggesting that for higher concentrations an inhibitory effect on the gr ...201121681520
production of xylanase from arthrobacter sp. mtcc 6915 using saw dust as substrate under solid state fermentation.saw dust was used as substrate for xylanase production from arthrobacter sp. mtcc 6915. the study of period of incubation, temperature, ph, carbon, and nitrogen sources for xylanase production was optimized. xylanase production was found to be optimum at an incubation period of 96 hrs (117.0 u/ml), temperature 30°c (105.0 u/ml), and ph 9.0 (102.9 u/ml). the results showed that the xylanase production was found to be higher in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose (176.4 u/ml) and dextrose (126. ...201122013512
calcite biomineralization by bacterial isolates from the recently discovered pristine karstic herrenberg cave.karstic caves represent one of the most important subterranean carbon storages on earth and provide windows into the subsurface. the recent discovery of the herrenberg cave, germany, gave us the opportunity to investigate the diversity and potential role of bacteria in carbonate mineral formation. calcite was the only mineral observed by raman spectroscopy to precipitate as stalactites from seepage water. bacterial cells were found on the surface and interior of stalactites by confocal laser sca ...201122179248
Dynamics and diversity of phosphate mineralizing bacteria in the coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar.Phosphatase Producing Bacteria (PPB) and Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (IPSB) are important to reef nutrition. These microbes and phosphate concentration play a significant role in the productivity of coral reef ecosystems. A study was conducted in Gulf of Mannar coral reef ecosystem to understand the diversity of these groups of bacteria and their competence in mineralizing the phosphate. The PPB isolates were identified under six genera i.e. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Vibr ...201121953521
[Isolation and identification of dominant microorganisms in rhizosphere of continuous cropping with peanut].We isolated and identified dominant microorganisms from the rhizosphere of continuous cropping with peanut, to study the relationship between dominant microorganisms and peanut continuous cropping.201121866710
biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol by arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6: effect of culture conditions and degradation kinetics.among known microbial species, arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 has shown very good potential to treat phenolic wastewaters. in this study, the levels of various culture conditions, namely initial ph, agitation (rpm), temperature (°c), and inoculum age (h) were optimized to enhance 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) biodegradation and the culture specific growth rate. for optimization, central composite design of experiments followed by response surface methodology (rsm) was applied. results showed that amon ...201120676733
isolation and characterization of an arthrobacter sp. strain hb-5 that transforms atrazine.a bacterial strain (hb-5) capable of utilizing atrazine as sole carbon and nitrogen source for growth was isolated from an industrial wastewater sample by enrichment culture. the isolate was identified as arthrobacter sp. according to its phenotypic features, physiologic and biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis. the strain exhibited faster atrazine degradation rates in atrazine-containing mineral media than the well-characterized atrazine-degrading bacteria pseudomonas sp. adp. ...201120686824
air-cathode microbial fuel cell array: a device for identifying and characterizing electrochemically active microbes.microbial fuel cells (mfcs) have generated excitement in environmental and bioenergy communities due to their potential for coupling wastewater treatment with energy generation and powering diverse devices. the pursuit of strategies such as improving microbial cultivation practices and optimizing mfc devices has increased power generating capacities of mfcs. however, surprisingly few microbial species with electrochemical activity in mfcs have been identified because current devices do not suppo ...201120655725
assimilative and co-metabolic degradation of chloral hydrate by bacteria and their bioremediation potential.although the bacterial degradation of chloral hydrate (ch) has been recognized for several decades, its degradation pathway by assimilation has not been demonstrated. in this paper, we report the isolation of the lf54 bacterial strain, which utilizes ch as its sole carbon and energy source. lf54 converted ch into trichloroethanol (tcaol), which was dehalogenated to dichloroethanol (dcaol), and co(2) was detected as the end product. another strain that we isolated, rs20, co-metabolized ch into tc ...201121220209
novel bacterial strains for the removal of microcystins from drinking water.microcystins (mc) and nodularin (nod) are common contaminants of drinking water around the world and due to their significant health impact it is important to explore suitable approaches for their removal. unfortunately, these toxins are not always removed by conventional water treatments. one of the most exciting areas that hold promise for a successful and cost effective solution is bioremediation of microcystins. recent work resulted in successful isolation and characterisation of 10 novel ba ...201121436548
structural and enzyme activity studies demonstrate that aryl substituted 2,3-butadienamine analogs inactivate arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao) by chemical derivatization of the 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (tpq) cofactor.copper amine oxidases (caos) are a family of redox active enzymes containing a 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (tpq) cofactor generated from post translational modification of an active site tyrosine residue. the arthrobacter globiformis amine oxidase (agao) has been widely used as a model to guide the design and development of selective inhibitors of caos. in this study, two aryl 2,3-butadienamine analogs, racemic 5-phenoxy-2,3-pentadienylamine (popda) and racemic 6-phenyl-2,3-hexadienyla ...201121215824
importance of a serine proximal to the c(4a) and n(5) flavin atoms for hydride transfer in choline oxidase.choline oxidase catalyzes the flavin-dependent, two-step oxidation of choline to glycine betaine with the formation of an aldehyde intermediate. in the first oxidation reaction, the alcohol substrate is initially activated to its alkoxide via proton abstraction. the substrate is oxidized via transfer of a hydride from the alkoxide α-carbon to the n(5) atom of the enzyme-bound flavin. in the wild-type enzyme, proton and hydride transfers are mechanistically and kinetically uncoupled. in this stud ...201121174412
micrococcus lactis sp. nov., isolated from a dairy industry waste treatment.a gram-positive, yellow pigmented, actinobacterial strain dw152t was isolated from a dairy industry effluent treatment plant. the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis indicated that strain dw152t exhibited low similarity with many validly published species belonging to genera micrococcus and arthrobacter. however, phenotypic properties including chemotaxonomic markers affiliated strain dw152t to the genus micrococcus. strain dw152t had ai-c15:0 and i-c15:0 as major cellular fatty acids, and mk-8(h2) ...201121239567
identification of the catalytic residues of carboxylesterase from arthrobacter globiformis by diisopropyl fluorophosphate-labeling and site-directed mutagenesis.the role of amino acid residues in the enzymatic activity of carboxylesterase from arthrobacter globiformis was analyzed by diisopropyl fluorophosphate (dfp) labeling and site-directed mutagenesis. the electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (esi-ms) analysis of the esterase, covalently labeled by dfp, showed stoichiometric incorporation of the inhibitor into the enzyme. the further comparison of endopeptidase-digested fragments between native and dfp-labeled esterase by fast atom bombardment ...201121266781
in vivo self-hydroxylation of an iron-substituted manganese-dependent extradiol cleaving catechol dioxygenase.the homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase from arthrobacter globiformis (mndd) catalyzes the oxidative ring cleavage reaction of its catechol substrate in an extradiol fashion. although this reactivity is more typically associated with non-heme iron enzymes, mndd exhibits an unusual specificity for manganese(ii). mndd is structurally very similar to the iron(ii)-dependent homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase from brevibacterium fuscum (hpcd), and we have previously shown that both mndd and hpcd are ...201121279661
homologous gene clusters of nicotine catabolism, including a new ?-amidase for a-ketoglutaramate, in species of three genera of gram-positive bacteria.gram-positive soil bacteria arthrobacter nicotinovorans, nocardioides sp. js614 and rhodococcus opacus were shown to contain similarly organized clusters of homologous genes for nicotine catabolism. an uncharacterized gene of a predicted nitrilase within these gene clusters was cloned from a. nicotinovorans and biochemical data unexpectedly showed that the protein exhibited ?-amidase activity toward a-ketoglutaramate. structural modelling of the protein suggested the presence of the catalytic tr ...201121288482
transformation of tomato with a bacterial coda gene enhances tolerance to salt and water stresses.genetically engineered tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) with the ability to synthesize glycinebetaine was generated by introducing the coda gene encoding choline oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. integration of the coda gene in transgenic tomato plants was verified by pcr analysis and dna blot hybridization. transgenic expression of gene was verified by rt-pcr analysis and rna blot hybridization. the coda-transgenic plants showed higher tolerance to salt stress during seed germination, and ...201121342716
culturable bacterial diversity at the princess elisabeth station (utsteinen, sør rondane mountains, east antarctica) harbours many new taxa.we studied the culturable heterotrophic bacterial diversity present at the site of the new princess elisabeth station at utsteinen (dronning maud land, east antarctica) before construction. about 800 isolates were picked from two terrestrial microbial mat samples after incubation on several growth media at different temperatures. they were grouped using rep-pcr fingerprinting and partial 16s rrna gene sequencing. phylogenetic analysis of the complete 16s rrna gene sequences of 93 representatives ...201121501941
production of l-arabinose from corn hull arabinoxylan by arthrobacter aurescens mk5 α-l-arabinofuranosidase.arabinoxylans, which are comprised of a xylan backbone to which are attached glycosyl units that are primarily l-arabinofuranosyl units, are ubiquitous among plant species where it is a constituent of the cell wall. arabinoxylan has attracted much attention as a potential biomass resource and l-arabinose has recently been reported to possess functional properties that are effective in the treatment of diabetes. here, we report an α-l-arabinofuranohydrolase, isolated from the soil microbe arthrob ...201121535740
crystallographic snapshots of the complete reaction cycle of nicotine degradation by an amine oxidase of the monoamine oxidase (mao) family.fad-linked oxidases constitute a class of enzymes which catalyze dehydrogenation as a fundamental biochemical reaction, followed by reoxidation of reduced flavin. here, we present high-resolution crystal structures showing the flavoenzyme 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine oxidase in action. this enzyme was trapped during catalytic degradation of the native substrate in a sequence of discrete reaction states corresponding to the substrate-reduced enzyme, a complex of the enzyme with the intermediate enamine p ...201121383134
isolation and characterization of a family vii esterase derived from alluvial soil metagenomic library.a novel esterase gene, estdl30, was isolated from an alluvial metagenomic library using function-driven screening. estdl30 consisted of 1,524 nucleotides and encoded a 507-amino acid protein. sequence analysis revealed that estdl30 is similar to many type b carboxylesterases, containing a g-e-s-a-g pentapeptide with a catalytic ser residue. phylogenetic analysis suggested that estdl30 belongs to the family vii lipases, together with esterases from bacillus subtilis (p37967), streptomyces coelico ...201121538236
isolation and characterization of metal resistant-tolerant rhizosphere bacteria from the serpentine soils in turkey.despite the number of studies describing metal hyper-accumulating plants and their associated bacteria in various regions and countries, there is no information on rhizosphere microbial potential of the turkish serpentine soils. this study aimed to explore the rhizosphere microbial diversity of ni-resistant, hyper-accumulating plants grown on ni-rich soils and their metal tolerance-resistance characteristics. one hundred ninety-one locations were visited to collect soil and plant samples from di ...201121404012
simultaneous phenanthrene and cadmium removal from contaminated soil by a ligand/biosurfactant solution.surfactants and inorganic ligands are pointed as efficient to simultaneous removal of heavy metals and hydrophobic organic pollutants from soil. however, the biosurfactants are potentially less toxic to soil organisms than other chemical agents. thus, in this study the efficiency of combinations of iodide (i(-)) ligand and surfactants produced by different bacterial species in the simultaneous removal of cadmium (cd(2+)) and phenanthrene in a haplustox soil sample was investigated. four microbia ...201121416334
genomic heterogeneity within conservedmetabolic pathways of arthrobacter species - a bioinformatic approach.a comparative genomic analysis of three species of the soil bacterium arthrobacter was undertaken with specific emphasis on genes involved in important and core energy metabolism pathways like glycolysis and amino acid metabolism. during the course of this study, it was revealed that codon bias of a particular species, namely arthrobacter aurescens tc1, is significantly lower than that of the other two species a. chlorophenolicus a6 and arthrobacter sp. fb24. the codon bias was also found to be ...201121423891
responses of bioaugmented ryegrass to pah soil contamination.the physiological and biochemical responses of ryegrass (lolium multiflorum) to pah induced stress in soils contaminated with phenanthrene and pyene were investigated, in the presence of pah-degrading bacteria (acinetobacteria junii) or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (am fungi, glomus mossae). the parameters monitored included chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, soluble-carbohydrate content, soluble-protein, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage, and superoxide dismutase (sod) and peroxi ...201121598775
molecular characterization of cold-inducible beta-galactosidase from arthrobacter sp. on14 isolated from antarctica.a psychrotrophic bacterium, arthrobacter sp. on14, isolated from antarctica, was shown to exhibit a high beta-galactosidase activity at a low temperature. a genomic library of on14 was constructed and screened for beta-galactosidase genes on functional plates containing 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside (x-gal) as the substrate. two different beta-galactosidase genes, named as gala, galb, were found in on14. computational analyses of the genes revealed that the encoded protein ...201121464592
effects of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on cell growth, activity, and integrity of steroid-transforming arthrobacter simplex and mycobacterium sp.a comparative investigation was performed on the effects of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (hp-β-cd) on the growth, biocatalytic activity, and cell integrity of arthrobacter simplex tccc 11037 (asp) and mycobacterium sp. nrrl b-3683 (msp). the addition of hp-β-cd to asp medium improved its cell wall permeability for lipophilic compounds but significantly inhibited its growth and biocatalytic activity. on the other hand, the addition of hp-β-cd to msp broth had lesser effects. atomic force microsco ...201121468712
biodegradation of p-nitrophenol using arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 in a novel upflow packed bed reactor.a novel packed bed reactor (pbr) was designed with cross flow aeration at multiple ports along the depth to improve the hydrodynamic conditions of the reactor, and the biodegradation efficiency of arthrobacter chlorophenolicus a6 on p-nitrophenol (pnp) removal in pbr at different pnp loading rates were evaluated. the novel pbr was designed to improve the hydrodynamic features such as mixing time profile (t(m95)), oxygen mass transfer coefficient (k(l)a), and overall gas hold up capacity (ɛ(g)) o ...201121501928
effect of zn(ii) on the reduction and accumulation of cr(vi) by arthrobacter species.natural habitats are often characterized by the coexistence of zn and cr. this study assessed the potential of two gram-positive, cr(vi)-reducing, aerobic bacterial strains belonging to arthrobacter genera, which were isolated from basalt samples taken from the most polluted region of the republic of georgia, to remediate cr(vi) in environments in the presence of zn(ii). our batch experiments revealed that the addition of zn(ii) to the tested bacterial cells significantly enhanced the accumulati ...201121547698
arthrobacter cryoconiti sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite.a gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile and psychrophilic bacterium, designated strain cr6-08(t), was isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite. growth occurred at a temperature range of 1-25 °c. phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that strain cr6-08(t) is most closely related to members of the genus arthrobacter. strain cr6-08(t) possessed chemotaxonomic properties indicative of members of the genus arthrobacter, such as peptidoglycan type a3a l-lys-l-ala4, major me ...201121441372
the potential of established turf cover for cleaning oily desert soil using rhizosphere technology.the rhizosphere of two turf cover sorts; bermuda grass and american grass contained high numbers, 8.1 to 16.8 x 10(6) g(-1) of cultivable oil-utilizing and diazotrophic bacteria belonging predominantly to the genera agrobacterium, arthrobacter, pseudomonas, gordonia, and rhodococcus. those bacteria also grew on a nitrogen-free medium and demonstrated the ability to reduce acetylene to ethylene. these isolates grew on a wide range of n-alkanes (c9 to c40) and aromatic hydrocarbons, as sole source ...201121598783
copy number determination, expression analysis of genes potentially involved in replication, and stability assays of pal1 - the linear megaplasmid of arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a.pal1 of the actinomycete arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a, a 113-kb catabolic linear megaplasmid of the invertron-type, enables its host to utilize quinaldine (or 4-hydroxyquinaldine) as the sole carbon and energy source. comparative southern hybridization and quantitative real-time pcr analyses revealed copy numbers of two for cells grown in minimal medium supplemented with 4-hydroxyquinaldine and four for cells cultivated in luria-bertani medium. however, medium-dependent differences in th ...201120116226
arthrobacter livingstonensis sp. nov. and arthrobacter cryotolerans sp. nov., salt-tolerant and psychrotolerant species from antarctic soil.two novel cold-tolerant, gram-stain-positive, motile, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains, li2(t) and li3(t), were isolated from moss-covered soil from livingston island, antarctica, near the bulgarian station st kliment ohridski. a rod-coccus cycle was observed for both strains. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed an affiliation to the genus arthrobacter, with the highest similarity to arthrobacter stackebrandtii and arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus for strain li2(t) (97.8 and 97.7  ...201120511467
influence of ph and inorganic phosphate on toxicity of zinc to arthrobacter sp. isolated from heavy-metal-contaminated sediments.because of its high solubility over a wide range of ph conditions, zinc is found in many natural and human-impacted systems. zinc speciation is critical in assessing zinc toxicity to microorganisms because it varies considerably with ph and is dependent on other aqueous constituents. combined results of thermodynamic modeling, statistical analysis, and batch culture studies using arthrobacter sp. jm018 suggest that the toxic species may not be solely limited to the free ion, but also includes zn ...201020553043
engineering of choline oxidase from arthrobacter nicotianae for potential use as biological bleach in detergents.in order to engineer the choline oxidase from arthrobacter nicotianae (an_coda) for the potential application as biological bleach in detergents, the specific activity of the enzyme toward the synthetic substrate tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylammonium methylsulfate (mtea) was improved by methods of directed evolution and rational design. the best mutants (up to 520% wt-activity with mtea) revealed mutations in the fad- (a21v, g62d, i69v) and substrate-binding site (s348l, v349l, f351y). in a separ ...201020467737
comparative study of properties of immobilized lipase onto glutaraldehyde-activated amino-silica gel via different methods.the enzyme-aggregate coating method was performed to immobilize arthrobacter sp. lipase in order to achieve better catalytic properties comparable to the conventional covalent attachment and covalent attachment plus cross-linking. the glutaraldehyde-activated amino-silica gel which was synthesized by sol-gel technique was used as the support, and the catalytic characteristics of the lipase preparations were tested in the asymmetric acylation of 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2-propenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-o ...201020399626
homology modeling and docking study of xanthine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. xl26.hyperuricemia is a condition of defective purine metabolism characterized with elevated serum uric acid (ua) level that further leads to gout and gouty nephrolithiasis disorders. gout is a world wide distributed rheumatic disease comprises 1% of the total population and still is in increasing state. one of the factors contributing to overproduction of ua is the hydroxylation of xanthine catalyzed by xanthine oxidase (xo). in the present study, 3d modeling of arthrobacter sp. xl26 (xodb) protein ...201020403378
calcite-forming bacteria for compressive strength improvement in mortar.microbiological calcium carbonate precipitation (mcp) has been investigated for its ability to improve the compressive strength of concrete mortar. however, very few studies have been conducted on the use of calcite-forming bacteria (cfb) to improve compressive strength. in this study, we discovered new bacterial genera that are capable of improving the compressive strength of concrete mortar. we isolated 4 cfb from 7 environmental concrete structures. using sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gen ...201020467254
arthrobacter endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase shows transglycosylation activity on complex-type n-glycan oxazolines: one-pot conversion of ribonuclease b to sialylated ribonuclease c. 201020486148
weathering-associated bacteria from the damma glacier forefield: physiological capabilities and impact on granite dissolution.several bacterial strains isolated from granitic rock material in front of the damma glacier (central swiss alps) were shown (i) to grow in the presence of granite powder and a glucose-nh(4)cl minimal medium without additional macro- or micronutrients and (ii) to produce weathering-associated agents. in particular, four bacterial isolates (one isolate each of arthrobacter sp., janthinobacterium sp., leifsonia sp., and polaromonas sp.) were weathering associated. in comparison to what was observe ...201020525872
rescuing of the hydride transfer reaction in the glu312asp variant of choline oxidase by a substrate analogue.in the active site of choline oxidase, glu312 participates in binding the trimethylammonium group of choline, thereby positioning the alcohol substrate properly for efficient hydride transfer to the enzyme-bound flavin. previous studies have shown that substitution of glu312 with aspartate results in a perturbed mechanism of hydride transfer, with a 260-fold decrease in the rate associated with the mutation. here, the reaction of alcohol oxidation catalyzed by the glu312asp enzyme has been inves ...201020447376
structural and kinetic studies on the ser101ala variant of choline oxidase: catalysis by compromise.the oxidation of choline catalyzed by choline oxidase includes two reductive half-reactions where fad is reduced by the alcohol substrate and by an aldehyde intermediate transiently formed in the reaction. each reductive half-reaction is followed by an oxidative half-reaction where the reduced flavin is oxidized by oxygen. here, we have used mutagenesis to prepare the ser101ala mutant of choline oxidase and have investigated the impact of this mutation on the structural and kinetic properties of ...201020561507
the type of cheese curds determined the colouring capacity of brevibacterium and arthrobacter species.this study compares the colouring capacity of brevibacterium aurantiacum (ba), brevibacterium bl and arthrobacter species as in relation to deacidified media made from lactic curd (epoisses), mixed curds (munster) and rennet curds (livarot or reblochon). ba colouring capacity proved to be constant, leading to a dark orange colour, irrespective of the deacidified media. however, it gave too dark a colour for reblochon. the strains bl and as were not adapted to the colouring of epoisses deacidifie ...201020462468
high-density polyethylene (hdpe)-degrading potential bacteria from marine ecosystem of gulf of mannar, india.assessment of high-density polyethylene (hdpe)-degrading bacteria isolated from plastic waste dumpsites of gulf of mannar.201020586938
variability of sediment-contact tests in freshwater sediments with low-level anthropogenic contamination--determination of toxicity thresholds.freshwater sediments with low levels of anthropogenic contamination and a broad range of geochemical properties were investigated using various sediment-contact tests in order to study the natural variability and to define toxicity thresholds for the various toxicity endpoints. tests were performed with bacteria (arthrobacter globiformis), yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae), nematodes (caenorhabditis elegans), oligochaetes (lumbriculus variegatus), higher plants (myriophyllum aquaticum), and the e ...201020594629
prevalence of the gene trzn and biogeographic patterns among atrazine-degrading bacteria isolated from 13 colombian agricultural soils.the following study evaluated the diversity and biogeography of 83 new atrazine-degrading bacteria and the composition of their atrazine degradation genes. these strains were isolated from 13 agricultural soils and grouped according to rep-pcr genomic fingerprinting into 11 major clusters, which showed biogeographic patterns. three clusters (54 strains) belonged to the genus arthrobacter, seven clusters (28 strains) were similar to the genus nocardioides and only one strain was a gram-negative f ...201020597985
16s rdna sequence analysis of culturable marine biofilm forming bacteria from a ship's hull.marine bacteria from the hull of a ship in the form of biofilms or microfouling were isolated, cultured, and identified by phylogenetic analysis using 16s rdna sequences. with an average length of 946 bp, all the 16 sequences were classified using the ribosomal database project (rdp) and were submitted to the national center for biotechnology information. phylogenetic analysis using 16s rdna sequences indicated that the 16 strains belonged to the firmicutes (ik-mb6 exiguobacterium aurantiacum, i ...201021038149
transgenic brassica chinensis plants expressing a bacterial coda gene exhibit enhanced tolerance to extreme temperature and high salinity.transgenic brassica compestris l. spp. chinensis plants expressing a choline oxidase (coda) gene from arthrobacter globiformis were obtained through agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. in the transgenic plants, coda gene expression and its product transportation to chloroplasts were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) examination, immunogold localization, and (1)h-nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)h-nmr). stress tolerance was evaluated in the t(3) plants under e ...201021043054
identification and in vitro deoxynucleotidylation of the terminal protein of the linear plasmid pal1 of arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a.the plasmid pal1 of arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus rü61a is a linear replicon, characterized by inverted terminal repeats and terminal proteins (tps) covalently bound to its 5'-ends. previous sequence analysis and predictions of possible secondary structures formed by telomeric 3'-overhangs indicated significant differences of the 'left' and 'right' telomere of pal1, raising the question of whether each terminus is recognized by a specific protein. the genes pal1.102 and pal1.103, located close ...201020141532
role of valine 464 in the flavin oxidation reaction catalyzed by choline oxidase.the oxidation of reduced flavin cofactors by oxygen is a very important reaction that is central to the chemical versatility of hundreds of flavoproteins classified as monooxygenases and oxidases. these enzymes are characterized by bimolecular rate constants >or=10(5) m(-1) s(-1) and produce water and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. a hydrophobic cavity close to the reactive flavin c(4a) atom has been previously identified in the 3d structure of monooxygenases but not in flavoprotein oxidases. ...201020184377
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of manganese(ii)-dependent 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase from bacillus sp. jf8.a thermostable manganese(ii)-dependent 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl-1,2-dioxygenase derived from bacillus sp. jf8 was crystallized. the initial screening for crystallization was performed by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using a crystallization robot, resulting in the growth of two crystal forms. the first crystal belonged to space group p1, with unit-cell parameters a = 62.7, b = 71.4, c = 93.6 a, alpha = 71.2, beta = 81.0, gamma = 64.0 degrees, and diffracted to 1.3 a resolution. the secon ...201020208161
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