| selective modulation of bacterial attachment to oral epithelial cells by enzyme activities associated with poor oral hygiene. | the present investigation explored the hypothesis that elevated levels of certain enzymes in the gingival crevicular environment of individuals with poor oral hygiene and/or gingival inflammation may modify the surfaces of epithelial cells and thereby modulate the types of bacteria which attach and colonize. buccal epithelial cells treated with neuraminidase and certain proteases were used as a model for study. bacteria studied included streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus mitis which have be ... | 1990 | 2141877 |
| characterization of salivary alpha-amylase binding to streptococcus sanguis. | the purpose of this study was to identify the major salivary components which interact with oral bacteria and to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for their binding to the bacterial surface. strains of streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mitis, streptococcus mutans, and actinomyces viscosus were incubated for 2 h in freshly collected human submandibular-sublingual saliva (hsmsl) or parotid saliva (hps), and bound salivary components were eluted with 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate. by sodium dod ... | 1989 | 2788139 |
| influence of age and immunization on development of gingivitis in rats. | to study the effect of age and antigenic priming on the development of gingivitis, 33 healthy rats were placed in contact with streptococcus mutans, actinomyces viscosus, fusobacterium nucleatum, and bacteroides gingivalis. on days 0, 3, 7, and 14 after inoculation, the gingival condition was judged clinically and histologically, and serum antibody titers against the bacteria were measured. the rats were divided into three groups: 1 month old, 3 months old, and 3 months old immunized. none of th ... | 1989 | 2789463 |
| microbial changes associated with the development of puberty gingivitis. | in this study, longitudinal changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota of children between the ages of 11 and 14 and their association with changes of clinical parameters describing gingival health were investigated. during 4 years, subgingival microbial samples were taken in 22 boys and 20 girls 10 times. at the same time the gingival bleeding tendency was recorded by the papillary bleeding index (pbi). a total of 840 samples was evaluated using darkfield microscopy and anaerobic ... | 1990 | 2148945 |
| actinomyces viscosus fibril antigens detected by immunogold electron microscopy. | strains representing taxonomic clusters of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii were studied by indirect immunogold electron microscopy with either monospecific anti-type 1 and anti-type 2 rabbit antibodies or species-specific monoclonal antibodies. the monoclonal and anti-type 2 antibodies localized on long fibrils, whereas the anti-type 1 antibodies mostly localized close to the cell body or on shorter appendages. | 1989 | 2564376 |
| analysis of the serum antibody responses to type 1 and type 2 fimbriae in mice immunized with actinomyces viscosus t14v. | the antibody responses of inbred mice immunized with actinomyces viscosus t14v cells were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (elisas) for measuring serum antibodies reactive with a. viscosus t14v cells and type 1 and type 2 fimbriae. in a/j mice immunized intraperitoneally on days 0 and 14, the serum antibody responses approached peak levels during d 19-35, and a dose of 10(8) cells/injection elicited optimal responses. analysis of the responses of three genetically diverse stra ... | 1989 | 2566672 |
| actinomyces adsorption mediated by type-1 fimbriae. | monospecific antibody against the type-1 fimbriae of actinomyces viscosus t14v reacted with 12 strains of a. viscosus (serotype 2), 12 strains of a. naeslundii (serotype 2 or serotype 3), but not with 11 serotype 1 strains of a. naeslundii. all strains positive for the type-1 fimbrial antigen adsorbed strongly to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite, and in many instances (18 of 24 strains) this interaction was inhibited by the monospecific antibody. these findings strongly suggest that only those stra ... | 1986 | 2874164 |
| type 2 fimbrial lectin-mediated phagocytosis of oral actinomyces spp. by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | phagocytosis of actinomyces viscosus t14v and a. naeslundii wvu45 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the absence of antibody or complement was mediated by the lectin associated with the type 2 fimbriae of these bacteria. this effect was markedly enhanced by exogenous sialidase, an enzyme also secreted by these actinomyces. since sialidase treatment of the bacteria did not result in increased phagocytosis, this enzyme presumably acts by unmasking receptors for the fimbrial lectin on phagocy ... | 1986 | 2876961 |
| pellicle receptors for actinomyces viscosus type 1 fimbriae in vitro. | actinomyces viscosus t14v-j1 and its fimbria-deficient mutant strain possessing type 1 fimbriae strongly aggregated with latex beads treated with acidic proline-rich protein 1, basic proline-rich proteins, and proline-rich glycoprotein and its deglycosylated derivative. these type 1+ strains did not aggregate with latex beads treated with other proteins, such as salivary amylase, salivary histidine-rich polypeptides, laminin, type 1 collagen, fibronectin, or c1q. the type 1+ strains also adsorbe ... | 1989 | 2570751 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of a type 1 fimbrial gene of streptococcus sanguis fw213. | a structural gene for type 1 fimbriae of streptococcus sanguis fw213 was located within a 6-kilobase fragment cloned in escherichia coli. a 1.6-kilobase internal fragment contains an open reading frame of 927 bases coding for an immunoreactive peptide of 34,349 daltons, which corresponds in size with an observed cytoplasmic form of fimbrial peptide (p. m. fives-taylor, f. l. macrina, t. j. pritchard, and s. j. peene, infect. immun. 55:123-128, 1987). disruption of the reading frame by insertiona ... | 1989 | 2572555 |
| factors affecting binding of galacto ligands to actinomyces viscosus lectin. | the specificity requirements for the binding of actinomyces viscosus t14v were examined by testing simple sugars, oligopeptides, and glycoproteins as inhibitors of the aggregation of glycoprotein-coated latex beads and washed a. viscosus cells. lactose was the most inhibitory simple sugar; d-fucose and d-galactose were equally inhibitory, methyl-alpha-d-fucoside was slightly less inhibitory, and l-fucose and raffinose were not inhibitory. the concentration of galactose residues required for 50% ... | 1985 | 2578122 |
| the complete structure of the capsular polysaccharide from streptococcus sanguis 34. | a complete structure for the capsular polysaccharide of streptococcus sanguis 34, which is responsible for coaggregation of this bacterium with actinomyces viscosus t14v, an important step in the formation of dental plaque, is proposed, based partly on the 1h-n.m.r. spectrum, which was assigned by 2-dimensional cosy, homonuclear hartmann-hahn spectroscopy, and nuclear overhauser effects. a phosphoric diester linkage was identified from the 31p-n.m.r. spectrum, and the linkage was determined from ... | 1989 | 2582463 |
| a study of in vitro attachment of streptococcus sanguis and actinomyces viscosus to saliva-treated titanium. | this study examined the initial attachment of streptococcus sanguis g9-b and actinomyces viscosus t14v to saliva-treated powdered enamel and titanium surfaces. using an in vitro adherence model, significantly lower numbers of actinomyces viscosus t14v bound to the saliva-treated titanium surface when compared to that of the similarly treated enamel. the binding of streptococcus sanguis g9-b to titanium or enamel did not vary significantly. a comparison of the percentage of cells bound to the tit ... | 1989 | 2599579 |
| effects of varnishes containing chlorhexidine on the human dental plaque flora. | this study describes the effects of varnishes containing 0%, 10%, 20%, or 40% chlorhexidine diacetate on the microflora of human fissure dental plaque. sandarac, a natural resin, was used as the varnish base. ten subjects, each with at least four sound fissures harboring high levels of streptococcus mutans, participated in the study. the fissures in each of the individuals were randomly assigned to four experimental groups, in each of which one of the varnishes was tested. the varnish treatment ... | 1989 | 2600262 |
| incidence of selected ureolytic bacteria in human dental plaque from sites with differing salivary access. | saliva is the main source of urea in the human mouth and may be responsible for the predilection of ureolytic bacteria for certain tooth sites. as a test of this hypothesis, the ureolytic bacteria, haemophilus parainfluenzae, actinomyces naeslundii, actinomyces viscosus and coagulase-negative oral staphylococci, were enumerated in supragingival plaque from various sites in each of 10 subjects. the sites sampled included the maxillary and mandibular incisors (chosen because the lower incisors are ... | 1989 | 2610614 |
| [effect of actinomyces viscosus on the production of prostaglandin e2 and thromboxane b2 in macrophages]. | certain species of bacteria have been implicated in the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. it has been reported that actinomyces viscosus (a. viscosus) is associated with gingivitis. on the other hand, it is known that prostaglandin (pg) e2 is one of potent mediators of bone resorption and macrophage is pge2 producing cell. it has been reported that a number of macrophage is increased in inflamed gingival tissues and that a. viscosus (t14v strain) cells significantly stimulated t ... | 1989 | 2626169 |
| phagocytosis of actinomyces viscosus by murine macrophages. susceptible and resistant strains. | | 1985 | 2935612 |
| properties of a phosphocarrier protein (hpr) extracted from intact cells of streptococcus sanguis. | cells of streptococcus sanguis strain challis were incubated with sodium lauroylsarcosinate to extract surface proteins. a polypeptide of apparent molecular mass 16 kda comprising about 12% of the extract was purified using anion-exchange chromatography. the polypeptide was shown to be a phosphocarrier protein (hpr) that could also be found in the soluble (cytoplasmic) fraction from cells broken by homogenization with glass beads. in vivo labelling of s. sanguis cells with 32pi showed that the p ... | 1989 | 2636256 |
| antibacterial properties of five dental amalgams: an in vitro study. | the antibacterial activity of five commercially available amalgams (cupromuc, dispersalloy, fluoralloy, predalloy, and synalloy) against two bacterial species frequently isolated from dental plaque and caries (actinomyces viscosus and streptococcus mutans) was studied by use of a modification of the method of orstavik (1985). all amalgams displayed some antibacterial properties. this antibacterial activity was amalgam- and bacteria-dependent. cupromuc and fluoralloy were the most active, and the ... | 1989 | 2638276 |
| bacterial adhesion to oral tissues: a model for infectious diseases. | the majority of bacteria which colonize humans display sharp host and tissue tropisms; consequently, relatively little is known about how they initiate colonization on mucosal surfaces. the mouth has a variety of features which have enabled it to serve as a useful model for the discovery of basic principles of host-parasite interactions occurring in mucosal environments. early studies demonstrated that indigenous bacteria attach to surfaces of the mouth in a highly selective manner; attachment w ... | 1989 | 2654229 |
| coagglutination reactions between candida albicans and oral bacteria. | an agglutination assay for detecting intermicrobial adherence between the cells of candida albicans and various oral bacteria is described. strains of streptococcus sanguis, s. salivarius, s. mutans, s. mitis, fusobacterium nucleatum and actinomyces viscosus all coagglutinated with c. albicans. no interaction could be demonstrated between the cells of bacteroides melaninogenicus and those of c. albicans. preliminary investigations of these interactions suggest that binding of f. nucleatum and a. ... | 1986 | 3018251 |
| calcium-dependent salivary agglutinin with reactivity to various oral bacterial species. | human parotid agglutinins from three individuals were isolated by adsorption to and desorption from strains of streptococcus mutans belonging to serotypes a, b, c, d, and e and strains of lactobacillus casei, actinomyces viscosus, and streptococcus sanguis. the desorption was achieved by suspending centrifuged saliva-coated microorganisms in 10 mm phosphate buffer (ph 6.8) containing 0.154 m sodium chloride. after another centrifugation, agglutinin activity was recovered in the supernatants. the ... | 1986 | 3087878 |
| comparison of different assays for the aggregation of oral bacteria by human whole saliva. | for comparison, human whole saliva-induced aggregation was studied by phase-contrast microscopy, spectrophotometry combined with macroscopic observations, and in microtiterplate assay under identical experimental conditions for actinomyces viscosus hg 85 (t14-v) and hg 380 (t14-av), bacteroides gingivalis hg 66 (w 83), streptococcus rattus hg 59 (bht), and streptococcus sanguis i hg 169. the entire process of formation, extension, and sedimentation of aggregates could merely be observed by the c ... | 1989 | 2662902 |
| interbacterial adhesion between pseudomonas aeruginosa and indigenous oral bacteria isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. | interbacterial adhesion between strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and strains of indigenous oral bacteria, both of which were isolated from the oral cavity of cystic fibrosis patients, was investigated by the phenomenon of the coaggregation reaction. a total of 22 strains of p. aeruginosa were isolated from the oral cavity of 17 patients and examined for their abilities to coaggregate with 5 strains each of streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mitis, actinomyces viscosus, and actinomyces naeslun ... | 1987 | 3105855 |
| microbial caries induction in the roots of human teeth in vitro. | streptococcus mutans gs5, lactobacillus casei dsm20011 and actinomyces viscosus t14 produce artificial caries in the roots of extracted teeth. roots were coated with wax leaving an 8 mm2 window exposed on the buccal surfaces, and then incubated for 8 days in the presence of the test organism, the synthetic medium being changed each day. samples were then examined by sem, or microradiographs were obtained from 120 microns sections. the ph at the root surface at the end of the induction averaged 4 ... | 1988 | 3149890 |
| ph change in artificial dental plaque formed by glucosyltransferase and some oral bacteria during batch and continuous culture. | streptococcus mutans alone or cell-free glucosyltransferase (g-tase)-together with either streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus salivarius, actinomyces viscosus, or lactobacillus casei cells-formed artificial dental plaque that firmly adhered to glass electrodes in a continuous culture system containing sucrose. the ph in these artificial plaque samples decreased more than did that of the surrounding medium. in the absence of gtase, the bacteria other than s. mutans did not form firmly-adhering p ... | 1985 | 3156164 |
| detachment of oral bacteria from saliva-coated hydroxyapatite by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) demonstrated the ability to detach actinomyces viscosus, a. naeslundii and streptococcus sanguis from saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads (sha). between 60 to 80% of bacteria were detached within 1 hour at pmn-to-bacteria ratios between 1:10 to 1:22. detachment was enhanced by treating bacteria with fresh but not heat-inactivated normal human serum. detachment of serum-treated a. viscosus was inhibited by cytochalasin b, l-1-tosylamide-2-phenylethylchlorom ... | 1989 | 2724035 |
| the effects of different levels of dietary sucrose on root caries subsequent to gingivectomy in conventional rats infected with actinomyces viscosus m-100. | three groups of weanling, sprague-dawley-derived rats were inoculated with actinomyces viscosus m-100 and fed powdered diet containing either 67%, 5%, or 0% confectioner's sugar. two further groups were fed diet containing 5% confectioner's sugar and inoculated with streptococcus sobrinus 6715 or s. sobrinus 6715 plus a. viscosus m-100. the most coronal 1 mm of gingiva was removed from maxillary and mandibular right molar quadrants (gingivectomy), and the animals re-inoculated following gingivec ... | 1988 | 3170889 |
| actinomyces viscosus isolated from a case of abortion in a friesian heifer. | | 1989 | 2728299 |
| the effect of ofloxacin on experimental periodontitis in hamsters infected with actinomyces viscosus atcc 15987. | syrian hamsters were infected with actinomyces viscosus atcc 15987 by inoculation into the oral cavity to induce experimental periodontitis. the effect of an antibiotic, ofloxacin (oflx), on the experimental periodontitis was examined. in group a, oflx gel was applied daily to the gingival mucosa, 2 weeks after bacterial inoculation. groups b and c were an infected control and a noninfected control, respectively. the hamsters in these three groups were fed a powdered high-sucrose diet. the hamst ... | 1989 | 2738835 |
| [effects of oral immunization on actinomyces viscosus infection in hamsters]. | | 1988 | 3253347 |
| properties of sialidase isolated from actinomyces viscosus dsm 43798. | the cell-bound sialidase of actinomyces viscosus dsm 43798 was solubilized by mechanical cell disruption and lysozyme treatment. the enzyme was enriched 30,000-fold by cation-exchange chromatography, gel-filtration, and fplc ion-exchange chromatography, thus obtaining 10 micrograms sialidase protein from 26 g wet cells with a specific activity of 680 u/mg protein. since sialidase activity was also found in the culture medium, this enzyme was isolated as well, requiring the additional application ... | 1989 | 2742753 |
| increased periodontal bone loss in temporarily b lymphocyte-deficient rats. | in order to study the role of t lymphocytes and b lymphocytes in the development of marginal periodontitis, experiments were performed on specific-pathogen-free (spf) rats with various immunologic profiles. the study comprised nude (congenitally t lymphocyte-deficient), thymus-grafted nude (t-lymphocyte reconstituted), anti-mu treated (temporarily b lymphocyte-deficient), and normal rats. when they were 5 to 9 weeks old, some of the rats were inoculated with actinomyces viscosus. bacteroides gin ... | 1989 | 2531793 |
| [polyclonal b cell activation induced by actinomyces viscosus t14v. responsiveness of human peripheral blood b cells]. | we have previously reported that the sonicate extrast from actinomyces viscosus t 14 v (av. sup) causes polyclonal b cell activation (pba) in murine splenic b cells without any t cell assistance. however, there are some reports describing t cell dependency of pba induced by a. viscosus in human peripheral blood b cells, and it is still controversial whether or not a. viscosus has the capability of exhibiting pba without the help of t cells. in this report, we examined pba in human peripheral blo ... | 1989 | 2535156 |
| relative adherence of bacteroides species and strains to actinomyces viscosus on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. | the study was designed to compare the adherence of several bacteroides species to a. viscosus. using 3h, we labeled 24 laboratory strains, including 13 bacteroides species and 11 fresh clinical isolates of three bacteroides species. their adherence to a. viscosus bound to a saliva-coated mineral surface was quantified by liquid scintillation. adherence relative to a standard strain, b. gingivalis 2561, was compared. among the lab bacteroides, those of b. gingivalis (eight strains) were the great ... | 1989 | 2550532 |
| [antimicrobial activity of n-alkylethylenediamines against oral and other microorganisms]. | six n-alkylethylenediamines were synthesized and antimicrobial activity of each compound against oral microorganisms such as streptococcus mutans, actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii, and some others were determined in vitro. dodecyl or tetradecyl derivative possessed maximum bacteriostatic activity among the test compounds. on the other hand, killing time of s. mutans in aqueous solution decreased with increasing alkyl-chain length. | 1989 | 2754620 |
| limit dilution analysis of peripheral blood t lymphocytes specific to periodontopathic bacteria. | limit dilution analysis (lda) was used to determine the presence and frequency of periodontopathic-bacteria-specific t cells in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. twelve adult periodontitis (ap), 13 marginal gingivitis (mg) and 12 healthy control subjects took part in the study. bacteroides gingivalis and actinomyces viscosus were used as test organisms, while tetanus toxoid was used as the control antigen. the median ptl-p frequencies to b. gingivali ... | 1989 | 2784736 |
| expression of actinomyces viscosus antigens in escherichia coli: cloning of a structural gene (fima) for type 2 fimbriae. | a cosmid gene library of actinomyces viscosus t14v was prepared in escherichia coli to examine the expression of a. viscosus antigens and to gain insight into the structure of a. viscosus type 1 and type 2 fimbriae. out of this library of 550 clones, 28 reacted in a colony immunoassay with antibodies against a. viscosus cells. the proteins responsible for these reactions were identified in three clones. clones av1209 and av2009 displayed nonfimbrial antigens with subunits of 40 and 58 kilodalton ... | 1985 | 2860095 |
| fimbria-specific antibodies in serum and saliva of mice immunized with actinomyces viscosus t14v fimbriae. | fimbria-specific antibody responses were compared in mice immunized with purified fimbrial adhesins in the region of the submandibular gland (i.e., local site) or at a remote site in the back. one hundred micrograms of fimbriae isolated from actinomyces viscosus t14v was used as the vaccine. four subcutaneous injections of the vaccine in the local site induced greater amounts of fimbria-specific immunoglobulin g (igg) in serum and saliva than three injections. however, there was no difference in ... | 1986 | 2876962 |
| modulation of actinomyces viscosus colonization of mouse teeth in vivo by immunization with fimbrial adhesins. | experiments were performed to determine whether immunization of mice with fimbrial adhesins isolated from actinomyces viscosus t14v could modulate infection of tooth surfaces in animals challenged with the homologous strain. saliva and sera from animals immunized in the submandibular gland region contained elevated levels of fimbria-specific immunoglobulin a (iga) and igg, whereas saliva and sera from sham-immunized animals did not. there was a statistically significant inverse correlation betwe ... | 1986 | 2876963 |
| cloning and expression of a type 1 fimbrial subunit of actinomyces viscosus t14v. | the type 1 fimbriae of actinomyces viscosus mediate the adherence of this organism to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite. the gene encoding a putative subunit of this fimbrial adhesin was cloned in escherichia coli, and its product was examined. a. viscosus t14v chromosomal dna was partially restricted with sau3ai and cloned into e. coli jm109 by using the plasmid vector puc13. two clones, each containing a different dna insert with a common 4.1-kilobase region, reacted in colony immunoassays with sp ... | 1987 | 2881922 |
| glycogen synthetic abilities of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii freshly isolated from dental plaque over root surface caries lesions and non-carious sites. | relative glycogen synthetic abilities of resting cells of fresh clinical isolates of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii originating from dental plaque samples over root surface caries lesions and non-carious sites were studied under anaerobic conditions at a constant ph of 7.0, with u-(14c)-glucose used as the carbon source. although the rates of glucose utilization and total acid formation were essentially the same, a. viscosus strains isolated from root surface caries lesions show ... | 1986 | 3458740 |
| molecular basis of bacterial adhesion in the oral cavity. | the two varieties of fimbriae identified on oral strains of actinomyces have distinct functional properties. the type 1 fimbriae of actinomyces viscosus t14v mediate attachment to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite. type 2 fimbriae--on a. viscosus and the only fimbriae detected on a. naeslundii wvu45--are associated with lectin activity. interaction of these fimbriae with complementary receptors initiates bacterial attachment to streptococcus sanguis 34 and sialidase-treated epithelial cells and the ... | 1987 | 2891180 |
| stimulation of superoxide and lactoferrin release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes by the type 2 fimbrial lectin of actinomyces viscosus t14v. | polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn)-dependent destruction of actinomyces viscosus t14v is initiated by the recognition of galactose-containing receptors on sialidase-treated pmns by the lectin associated with the type 2 fimbriae of these bacteria. a. viscosus t14v also stimulates the respiratory burst in pmns as well as the release of contents of the secondary granules, as determined by the presence of lactoferrin in the culture supernatants. under the experimental conditions employed, these bacte ... | 1988 | 2891619 |
| human salivary acidic proline-rich proteins and statherin promote the attachment of actinomyces viscosus ly7 to apatitic surfaces. | actinomyces viscosus ly7 cells adsorbed in high numbers to experimental pellicles formed on hydroxyapatite (ha) from human parotid or submandibular saliva but not to pellicles prepared from human plasma or serum. to determine the nature of the salivary components responsible for promoting adhesion, pellicles were prepared from fractions of submandibular and parotid saliva obtained by chromatography on trisacryl gf 2000 columns. adsorption of ly7 cells was promoted by two groups of fractions. eac ... | 1988 | 2892794 |
| mutants of actinomyces viscosus t14v lacking type 1, type 2, or both types of fimbriae. | mutants of actinomyces viscosus t14v lacking type 1 or type 2 fimbriae or both were selected by their failure to react with rabbit antibodies against either or both fimbrial antigens. immunospecific double labeling with iron dextran and ferritin-conjugated antibodies showed two types of fimbriae on individual cells of the parent organism, a single type on mutant strains with type 1+2- and type 1-2+ fimbriae and no labeled or unlabeled fimbriae on a type 1-2- fimbria-deficient strain. the mutatio ... | 1988 | 2902012 |
| adsorbed salivary proline-rich protein 1 and statherin: receptors for type 1 fimbriae of actinomyces viscosus t14v-j1 on apatitic surfaces. | use of specific fimbria-defective mutants derived from actinomyces viscosus t14 has shown that salivary acidic proline-rich protein 1 and statherin serve as receptors for type 1 fimbriae which mediate attachment of the organism to experimental pellicles on apatitic surfaces. | 1988 | 2902013 |
| effect of monoclonal antibodies against lipoteichoic acid from the oral bacterium streptococcus mutans on its adhesion and plaque-accumulation in vitro. | five monoclonal antibodies directed against streptococcus mutans strain jbp lipoteichoic acid (lta) were characterized. they were all similarly reactive with the immunizing lta-containing extract, with intact strep. mutans jbp cells and with lta purified from lactobacillus casei. immobilized anti-lta antibodies removes lta from lta-containing extracts. the binding of antibodies to lta was inhibited by the aqueous extract but not by the organic extract of de-acylated lta, indicating reactivity wi ... | 1986 | 3467668 |
| suppression of lymphocyte and fibroblast proliferation by actinomyces viscosus-activated murine macrophages. | | 1987 | 2963104 |
| root surface caries subsequent to gingivectomy in rats inoculated with streptococcus sobrinus (mutans) and actinomyces viscosus. | we studied the effect of oral infection with cariogenic micro-organisms on alveolar bone loss and root surface caries subsequent to gingivectomy in rats. thirty-six rats were fed diet mit 200 (67% sucrose); one-half, the controls, had antibiotics added to the diet. at ages 18, 19, and 21 days, the experimental group was orally infected with streptomycin-resistant streptococcus sobrinus (mutans) 6715 and actinomyces viscosus m-100. at age 30 days, all animals were subjected to a gingivectomy on m ... | 1987 | 3476557 |
| the effects of cheese snacks on caries in desalivated rats. | rats that had had their submandibular/sublingual glands removed surgically, and their parotid ducts tied, developed fewer and less severe caries lesions on coronal and root surfaces when fed cheese snacks in addition to a cariogenic diet than when fed additional cariogenic snacks or no additional snacks. the effects of cheese snacks were particularly dramatic on root-surface caries. these observations may be relevant for elderly humans who are most likely to develop root surface caries. populati ... | 1987 | 3476582 |
| polyclonal induction of igg antibody forming cells by stimulation with actinomyces viscosus t14v. | | 1988 | 2967364 |
| nonbactericidal approach to reduce colonization of plaque microflora on teeth in vitro and in vivo. | a non-antibacterial, surface-modifying, perfluorosulfonamidoalkyl ester of phosphorous acid (psaep, 1) was adsorbed to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disks in vitro. pretreatment of saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads with different concentrations of 1 markedly reduced the adherence of radiolabeled streptococcus mutans or actinomyces viscosus when compared with the buffer-treated controls. pretreatment of the cells with the compound also significantly impaired their subsequent attachment to saliva- ... | 1985 | 3003336 |
| bactericidal action of carbon dioxide laser radiation in experimental dental root canals. | the ability of a carbon dioxide laser to sterilize the root canal of human teeth has been investigated. three oral bacteria, streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mutans, and actinomyces viscosus, and three other bacteria, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were used as experimental organisms. exposure of cells on glass slides to laser radiation showed there was little difference in the exposure required to kill these six organisms. complete recovery of bacteria fr ... | 1986 | 3102029 |
| direct modulation of human neutrophil adherence by coaggregating periodontopathic bacteria. | direct interaction between fusobacterium nucleatum and pmns produced consistent enhancement of pmn adherence. in contrast, consistent suppression of pmn adherence was observed after direct interactions between pmns and bacteroides gingivalis or actinomyces viscosus. the modulatory effects of these periodontopathic bacteria on pmn function could be seen as early as 2 min after interaction. the effects were abrogated by alterations of bacterial structural integrity with heat, formalin or ultrasoni ... | 1987 | 3583410 |
| glycogen synthetic and degradative activities by actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii of root surface caries and noncaries sites. | the relative glycogen synthetic and degradative activities of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii, freshly isolated from root surface caries and noncaries sites, were compared. the glycogen synthetic activity was measured by incubating glucose-(or sucrose-)grown resting cells with 100 mm glucose (or sucrose) and u-[14c]-glucose (or u-[14c]-sucrose) on a ph-stat maintained at 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 for 1 h under anaerobic conditions. for the glycogen degradation assays, after the 1-hour in ... | 1988 | 3165713 |
| surface localization of sialic acid on actinomyces viscosus. | this study reports the presence of sialic acid in actinomyces viscosus strains t14v and t14av. mild acid hydrolysis of whole organisms released a compound which reacted positively in the periodate-thiobarbituric acid, direct ehrlich's and resorcinol assays, and which co-chromatographed on paper with authentic n-acetylneuraminic acid. strain t14v contained 10-fold greater concentrations of sialic acid than did strain t14av. sialic acid content was dependent upon the stage of growth of the culture ... | 1986 | 3655719 |
| purification and characterization of levanase from actinomyces viscosus atcc 19246. | the extracellular levanase of actinomyces viscosus atcc 19246 was purified about 3,701-fold in 11% yield from the bacterial culture supernatant by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by de52 column chromatography, sephadex g-100 gel filtration, hydroxylapatite column chromatography, and bio-gel a 1.5m gel filtration. the molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 89,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme was optimally reactive at ph 6.0 ... | 1987 | 3679542 |
| estimation of growth parameters for some oral bacteria grown in continuous culture under glucose-limiting conditions. | the coexistence of bacteria in natural environments can often be explained in terms of competition for a growth-limiting substrate(s), and the outcome of such competition depends upon relevant growth parameters such as substrate affinity and yield. dental plaque bacteria are frequently carbon and energy limited. growth parameters for seven oral streptococcus species and one actinomyces viscosus strain were estimated under glucose-limited conditions in continuous culture. in all strains, mixed-ac ... | 1986 | 3710590 |
| coaggregation properties of human oral veillonella spp.: relationship to colonization site and oral ecology. | the primary habitats of oral veillonellae are the tongue, dental plaque, and the buccal mucosa. isolates were obtained from each habitat and tested for coaggregation with a battery of other oral bacterial strains. all 59 tongue isolates tested for coaggregation were veillonella atypica or veillonella dispar. all but one of them coaggregated with strains of streptococcus salivarius, a predominant inhabitant of the tongue surface but not subgingival dental plaque. these tongue isolates were unable ... | 1988 | 3178207 |
| specific and nonspecific inhibition of adhesion of oral actinomyces and streptococci to erythrocytes and polystyrene by caseinoglycopeptide derivatives. | various caseinoglycopeptide derivatives prepared from mammalian milk were evaluated as inhibitors of hemagglutinations mediated by actinomyces viscosus ny1, streptococcus sanguis omz9, and, for comparative purposes, plant lectins from arachis hypogaea and bauhinia purpurea. it was found that recognition of the beta-d-galactose-(1----3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose carbohydrate chain by actinomyces viscosus ny1 organisms and arachis hypogaea and b. purpurea agglutinins had similar structural r ... | 1988 | 3182077 |
| host genotype, pathogenic challenge and periodontal bone loss in the mouse. | periodontal bone loss was induced in mice of different genotypes by oral inoculation with actinomyces viscosus. relatively high bone loss occurred in the mutant x-linked immune deficiency, implicating the humoral immune system. maximum bone loss was always associated with inoculations of 1.6 x 10(7) colony forming units (c.f.u.), while inoculations of 1.6 x 10(6) or 1.6 x 10(9) c.f.u. resulted in bone loss little different from that in uninoculated controls. this 1000-fold range in inoculum size ... | 1988 | 3256290 |
| the association between dietary sucrose consumption and microbial population shifts at six oral sites in man. | sucrose-related microbial population shifts were evaluated at 6 oral sites in 22 volunteers, who consumed high-sucrose diets for 21 days followed by low-sucrose diets for 21 days. culturing was performed at 0, 12, 21, 33 and 42 days of the 6-week experiment. over 50,000 microbial isolates were characterized and analysed. analysis of initial cultures showed the following site-specific microbial characteristics of the 6 sites evaluated: (1) molar fissures harboured higher levels of neisseria speci ... | 1985 | 3861144 |
| establishment and distribution of the bacteria actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii in the mouths of monkeys (macaca fascicularis). | the colonization of the mouth by the two actinomyces species, postulated to be members of a basic plaque flora, was studied in 27 consecutively-born neonatal monkeys. bacteria adherent to the tongue and cheek surfaces were sampled from each monkey soon after birth (mean age = 3.2 days). the tongue and cheek surfaces and the labial surfaces of the incisor teeth were sampled at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age. from only one neonatal sample were actinomyces species isolated. by 4 weeks of age, the incisor ... | 1985 | 3861145 |
| [effects of sodium fluoride on the glycolytic metabolism and fluoride adaptation of actinomyces viscosus frank 1 in short and long-term continuous culture]. | | 1988 | 3269636 |
| the comparative cariogenicity and plaque-forming ability in vivo of four species of the bacterium actinomyces in gnotobiotic rats. | gnotobiotic wag/rij rats on a high sucrose diet were monoinfected with 12 strains of actinomyces spp. moderate levels of caries were induced by a single strain of actinomyces naeslundii and low levels by two strains of actinomyces viscosus, three strains of a. naeslundii and one strain of actinomyces israelii. no caries was induced by single strains of a. viscosus and a. israelii or by three actinomyces odontolyticus strains. only fissure caries was observed. scanning electron microscopy showed ... | 1985 | 3868974 |
| bacterial profiles of subgingival plaques in periodontitis. | in this report over 400 subgingival plaque samples taken from over 110 patients were examined microscopically and culturally for 30 bacterial parameters. the patients could be placed into six disease categories based upon clinical criteria. the bacterial profile of each clinical category was generally distinctive of that category. periodontal patients who had been successfully treated and maintained had plaques that were populated by significantly higher proportions of streptococcus sanguis, act ... | 1985 | 3869648 |
| [experimental induction of periodontal disease in hamsters using actinomyces viscosus isolated from humans and a diet enriched with brown sugar]. | | 1985 | 3869869 |
| [experimental production of periodontal disease in hamsters with actinomyces viscosus of human origin and a brown sugar-enriched diet]. | | 1985 | 3870020 |
| antimicrobial properties of topical anesthetic liquids containing lidocaine or benzocaine. | six species of microorganisms commonly found within the oral cavity were exposed for either one minute or two hours to 5% lidocaine liquid topical anesthetic and benzocaine liquid topical anesthetic. mixtures of microorganisms and anesthetics were diluted and plated onto a brain heart infusion medium. reduction in cell viability was 73-100% after exposure to the anesthetic agents when compared with the saline/buffer controls. a significant reduction (p < .005) in cell growth by streptococcus mut ... | 1988 | 3278655 |
| assignment of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii strains to numerical taxonomy clusters by immunofluorescence based on antifibril antisera. | a previous observation, using a few representative laboratory strains, that rabbit antisera raised against isolated surface fibrils might be useful in identifying actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii isolates to their correct numerical taxonomy clusters was reexamined with a large culture collection, including clinical isolates from three different laboratories. strains were first identified by a slower standard procedure, including agglutination with anti-whole-cell antisera, catalas ... | 1985 | 3889051 |
| novobiocin-resistant mutants of streptococcus sanguis with reduced cell hydrophobicity and defective in coaggregation. | mutants of streptococcus sanguis resistant to novobiocin (novr-mutants) were isolated after mutagenesis of strain challis with ethyl methanesulphonate. the resistance phenotype was transferred by dna-mediated transformation back into the parent strain at high frequency suggesting resistance was due to mutation(s) in a single gene or in closely-linked genes. cells of novr-mutants had normal morphology and secreted similar proteins to the wild-type strain. however, mutant cultures had slower growt ... | 1987 | 3312487 |
| host modulation of adherence of oral bacteria: the effect of human neutrophil myeloperoxidase on the attachment of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. | | 1988 | 2849649 |
| characterization of protein and mannan polysaccharide antigens of yeasts, moulds, and actinomycetes. | antigens in coccidioidin were compared with purified subfractions via tandem immunoelectrophoresis (iep) and by a combination of advancing line and crossed iep. rocket iep was suitable for titrating the reactions and showing the relationship between column fractions. these techniques required multicomponent antisera produced by hyperimmunization over many months and by the use of known standard migration pairs. the iep variations were used to chart the development of antisera against coccidioidi ... | 1985 | 3916766 |
| lactate dehydrogenase from streptococcus mutans: purification, characterization, and crossed antigenicity with lactate dehydrogenases from lactobacillus casei, actinomyces viscosus, and streptococcus sanguis. | a cytoplasmic fructose-1,6-diphosphate-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (ldh; ec 1.1.1.27) from streptococcus mutans omz175 was purified to homogeneity as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis. the purification consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation of the cytoplasmic fraction, deae-sephacel and blue-sepharose cl.6b chromatography, and sephacryl s200 gel permeation. the catalytic activity of the purified enzyme required the presence of fructose-1,6-diphosphate with a broad opt ... | 1985 | 3917978 |
| immunoregulation in severe generalized periodontitis. | severe generalized periodontitis (sgp) is an inflammatory disease which leads to extensive alveolar bone loss in young adults. peripheral blood lymphocytes from sgp patients have been previously reported to exhibit an in vitro hyperproliferative response when exposed to b cell mitogens derived from staphylococcus aureus and actinomyces viscosus. therefore hyperresponsiveness to b-cell mitogens could be an important pathogenic factor in the susceptibility to and progression of sgp. we have tested ... | 1985 | 2856901 |
| the establishment of reproducible, complex communities of oral bacteria in the chemostat using defined inocula. | nine commonly isolated oral bacterial populations were inoculated into a glucose-limited and a glucose-excess (amino acid-limited) chemostat maintained at a constant ph 7.0 and a mean community generation time of 13.9 h. the bacterial populations were streptococcus mutans atcc 2-27351, strep. sanguis nctc 7865, strep. mitior ef 186, actinomyces viscosus wvu 627, lactobacillus casei ac 413, neisseria sp. a1078, veillonella alkalescens atcc 17745, bacteroides intermedius t 588 and fusobacterium nu ... | 1985 | 3932293 |
| effects of highly concentrated stannous fluoride and chlorhexidine regimes on human dental plaque flora. | the aim of this study was to determine the effect of an intensive antimicrobial treatment on the number of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus/actinomyces naeslundii, and the total colony-forming units (cfu) in plaque. the dentition of human volunteers was treated in a dental office with either chlorhexidine (5%) or stannous fluoride (8%). following the office treatment with chlorhexidine, selected volunteers rinsed daily at home for seven or 49 days with chlorhexid ... | 1986 | 3455699 |
| actinomyces viscosus colonization of mouse teeth. | the implantation of actinomyces viscosus strain t14v-j1 was studied in mice in vivo. the optimum age range for implantation was from 40 to 80 days. the minimum infective dose of strain t14v-j1 required for colonization in all inoculated animals (id100) was 5 x 10(8) cfu for 40-day-old mice and 1 x 10(9) cfu for 100-day-old mice. the high id100 required for implantation of strain t14v-j1 in these mice is consistent with the finding that tooth surfaces of these animals are not colonized by detecta ... | 1986 | 3455963 |
| quantitative comparisons of potentially cariogenic microorganisms cultured from noncarious and carious root and coronal tooth surfaces. | potentially cariogenic microorganisms cultured from noncarious and carious root and coronal (enamel) surfaces were quantitatively compared in patients 22 to 84 years of age (mean, 52 years). we collected 150 plaque specimens from 26 in situ teeth with initial root lesions and from 25 extracted teeth with advanced root lesions. the frequencies of isolation of streptococcus mutans, actinomyces viscosus, and lactobacillus spp. were, respectively, 94, 72, and 51% at the noncarious root site; 98, 71, ... | 1986 | 3949379 |
| surface structures (peritrichous fibrils and tufts of fibrils) found on streptococcus sanguis strains may be related to their ability to coaggregate with other oral genera. | we screened 36 strains of streptococcus sanguis biotype i and 8 strains of s. sanguis biotype ii for the presence of surface structures and for their ability to coaggregate with actinomyces viscosus, actinomyces naeslundii, and fusobacterium nucleatum. negative staining under an electron microscope revealed detectable surface structures on all s. sanguis strains. the majority of strains (38 of 44) carried peritrichous fibrils, which have an irregular profile and no distinct width. they usually a ... | 1985 | 3965396 |
| incidence and characterization of anti-microbial effects produced by actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii. | sixty-two facultative actinomyces strains isolated from dental plaque were tested for the production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory effects by a deferred antagonism method. when incubated anaerobically, all isolates produced identical inhibitory patterns against 15 indicator organisms, but under microaerophilic conditions, little inhibitory activity was observed. activity was not evident after anaerobic incubation on a medium buffered by 0.5% (w/v) calcium carbonate. gas-liquid chromatographic a ... | 1986 | 3455964 |
| enzymatic properties of glucose 6-phosphate isomerase from actinomyces viscosus rf-7. | | 1986 | 3458884 |
| simultaneous loss of bacteriophage receptor and coaggregation mediator activities in actinomyces viscosus mg-1. | actinomyces bacteriophages were used as tools to study coaggregation between actinomyces and streptococci. four bacteriophage isolates, phages av-1, av-2, av-3, and 1281, bound to coaggregation group a actinomyces viscosus and to group e a. naeslundii. no binding to groups b, c, d, or f was observed. only a. viscosus mg-1 was capable of supporting a productive infection by these phages. spontaneously occurring bacteriophage-resistant mutants of a. viscosus mg-1 were isolated and were shown to fa ... | 1985 | 3980085 |
| enamel demineralization by acid produced from endogenous substrate in oral streptococci. | bovine enamel blocks were covered by a bacterial cell mass and held in the mouths of human volunteers by a palatal appliance, to study the effects of acid production from endogenous bacterial substrate on the ph of the mass and on enamel demineralization. variables were cells with and without endogenous substrate, rinsing with 10 per cent glucose or sucrose solution, or no rinsing and the type of organism. acid production from endogenous substrate by streptococcus mutans strain ib-1600, due, at ... | 1986 | 3459413 |
| partial purification of glucose 6-phosphate isomerase from actinomyces viscosus rf-7. | | 1986 | 3463673 |
| effect of saccharin on growth and acid production of glucose-grown pathogenic and oral bacteria. | growth and acid production of glucose-grown gram-positive and gram-negative rods as well as cocci from the human oral cavity were studied in the presence of 0.02 to 20.00 mg/ml sodium saccharin. all gram-positive rods, i.e. actinomyces viscosus, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and corynebacterium diphtheriae, and gram-positive cocci, i.e. streptococcus spp, staphylococcus aureus and micrococcus luteus, were significantly inhibited by saccharin, especially at the higher concentration ... | 1985 | 4033457 |
| [effect of systemically injected anti-actinomyces viscosus-ny-1-r2 antibody on gingivitis in rats]. | | 1986 | 3466969 |
| [effect of josamycin on the cell structure of actinomyces viscosus]. | | 1986 | 3467255 |
| [effect of topically applied anti-actinomyces viscosus ny1 r2 antibodies in rat gingivitis]. | | 1986 | 3470400 |
| serological identification of rodent strains of actinomyces viscosus and their relationship to actinomyces of human origin. | | 1972 | 4114782 |
| identification of actinomyces, arachnia, bacterionema, rothia, and propionibacterium species by defined immunofluorescence. | fractionated fluorescein-isothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated immunoglobulin g (dye-to-protein ratio <10), produced against whole cells of actinomyces spp., arachnia, bacterionena, rothia, and propionibacterium spp., give species-specific conjugates with controlled nonspecific staining reactions when appropriately diluted on the basis of their antibody content (10 mg/ml). using this standardization in immunofluorescence, serotype-specific conjugates are also available after dilution for all serotype ... | 1973 | 4123707 |
| ultrastructure of actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii. | | 1974 | 4132890 |
| a slime-producing microorganism in dental plaque of rats, selected by glucose feeding. chemical composition of extracellular slime elaborated by actinomyces viscosus, strain nyl. | | 1974 | 4276010 |
| galactosyl-diglyceride from actinomyces viscosus. | | 1974 | 4366087 |
| regulation of lactate dehydrogenase activity in actinomyces viscosus by adenosine-5'-triphosphate. | | 1974 | 4374177 |
| relationship between dental plaque indices and bacteria in dental plaque and those in saliva. | a variety of indices has been developed for the quantitation of dental plaque. the aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the löe plaque index and the number of bacteria on the same tooth. furthermore, the effect of plaque accumulation on the salivary counts of some dental plaque organisms was estimated. twenty volunteers were asked to abstain from all oral hygiene for a one-week period. clinical indices and bacteriological samples were taken at the start and at the end of th ... | 1987 | 3476622 |
| in vitro caries-like lesion production by streptococcus mutans and actinomyces viscosus using sucrose and starch. | we investigated the formation of caries-like lesions on root and enamel sections by s. mutans and a. viscosus when grown in four different carbohydrate substrates. the substrates were: sucrose, starch + alpha-amylase, and a combination of starch and sucrose with and without alpha-amylase. twenty-four sections with exposed windows on both the root and enamel surfaces were exposed to the individual bacterial species in each of the four substrates for three weeks. at three weeks, the sections were ... | 1987 | 3497184 |
| coaggregation between actinomyces viscosus with streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus agalactiae. | interbacterial coaggregation between actinomyces viscosus indigenous to the human mouth and streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus agalactiae was studied. fifteen of twenty-six strains of streptococcus pyogenes and thirteen of thirty-one streptococcus agalactiae showed a coaggregation with actinomyces viscosus strain. the results show that the coaggregation mechanism required calcium and was dependent on ph. some coaggregations were inhibited by 0.06 m. lactose and by 1 m. nacl. | 1986 | 3528763 |
| [dental caries in the gnotobiotic rat inoculated with actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii]. | | 1972 | 4506978 |