Publications

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proteolysis and the selective destruction of amino acids by clostridium sporogenes and clostridium histolyticum. 192916559359
spore formation among the anaerobic bacteria: i. the formation of spores by clostridium sporogenes in nutrient agar media. 194116560453
the egg yolk plate reaction for the presumptive diagnosis of clostridium sporogenes and certain species of the gangrene and botulinum groups. 194720284961
the egg yolk plate reaction for the presumptive diagnosis of clostridium sporogenes and certain species of the gangrene and botulinum groups. 194716561257
[not available]. 194818098950
nature of the sporogenes vitamin and nutrition of clostridium sporogenes. 194818938808
the nature of the sporogenes vitamin and other factors in the nutrition of clostridium sporogenes. 194818871216
amino acid and unsaturated fatty acid requirements of clostridium sporogenes. 194918108917
[agglutination of clostridium botulinum, clostridium putrificum and clostridium sporogenes by normal human serum and that of certain animals]. 195014852546
biotin and arginine replacements in the nutrition of clostridium sporogenes. 195015436459
the serological identification of cultures of clostridium sporogenes. 195114832471
[research on thermal resistance of clostridium sporogenes and phenomenon of entraining of poorly resistant species]. 195114847298
effects of carbohydrates, proteins, and bacterial cells in the heating media on the heat resistance of clostridium sporogenes. 195413201532
[studies on degradation of keto acids by clostridium sporogenes extracts]. 195413141467
use of the dropping mercury electrode for measuring oxygen changes in treponema and clostridium sporogenes cultures. 195613292937
energy supply and enzyme activity in strict anaerobes, studies on peptidase activity in clostridium sporogenes. 195713412734
studies of the fine structure of microorganisms. ii. electron microscopic studies on sporulation of clostridium sporogenes. 195813549367
[on some electronic aspects of the action of certain metallic cations on the growth of aerobic bacteria (escherichia coli) and anaerobic bacteria (clostridium sporogenes)]. 196113891299
[research on the odors emitted by anaerobic bacteria. clostridium sporogenes, marine and soil strains. comparison of their lipidolytic potency]. 196213968287
biologic systems of discoverer satellites xxix and xxx. physiologic changes observed in clostridium sporogenes. 196213974329
radiobiologic experiments in discoverer satellite xviii. physiologic changes observed in clostridium sporogenes. 196214025478
[experimental inoculation of the chick embryo with clostridium sporogenes]. 196213884991
gnotobiotic silage.selected strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from grass silage were found to flourish when inoculated into irradiation-sterilized forage under gnotobiotic conditions. the acid content and ph of these silages resembled naturally fermented silage. inoculation of gnotobiotic silage with clostridium sporogenes and c. tyrobutyricum failed to cause any noticeable deterioration of silage quality.196316349642
the spore antigens of clostridium sporogenes, cl. bifermentans and cl. sordellii. 196313998504
combined effects of ultrahigh vacuum and temperature on the viability of some spores and soil organisms.considerably fewer spores of bacillus stearothermophilus, b. megaterium, and clostridium sporogenes were recovered than were spores of b. subtilis var. niger and aspergillus niger after 4 to 5 days at 53 and 60 c in ultrahigh vacuum. there were no significant differences in the recoveries of these five organisms at 25 c and atmospheric pressure, and after exposure to 25 and -190 c in vacuum. at 60 c, a far greater decrease in viability was demonstrated for b. stearothermophilus, b. megaterium, a ...196314025505
some observations on bacterial thermal death time curves.thermal death rate data were obtained for spores of clostridium sporogenes p.a. 3679 and bacillus subtilis var. niger, and for cells of salmonella senftenberg 775w. the survival curves for p.a. 3679 were approximately linear, but for b. subtilis var. niger or s. senftenberg 775w they were sigmoidal. decimal reduction times were derived from the regression slopes of the apparent linear portion of the survival curves, and from these a phantom thermal death time (tdt) curve was constructed. in gene ...196314075045
[rare case of pyo-gaseous abscess of the liver caused by clostridium sporogenes-bacterium pyocyaneum]. 196313972701
isolation and characterization of bacteriophages active on clostridium sporogenes.betz, john v. (st. bonaventure university, st. bonaventure, n.y.), and kenneth e. anderson. isolation and characterization of bacteriophages active on clostridium sporogenes. j. bacteriol. 87:408-415. 1964.-twelve bacteriophages active on the anaerobic species clostridium sporogenes were studied. four of these were isolated by the authors, and eight were obtained from l. s. mcclung of indiana university. the 12 phages studied could be distinguished into three groups on the basis of their plaque ...196414151064
sulfonamide resistance of clostridium sporogenes. 196414188737
exposure of microorganisms to simulated extraterrestrial space ecology.spores of five test organisms, bacillus subtilis var. niger, bacillus megaterium, bacillus stearothermophilus, clostridium sporogenes and aspergillus niger and soils were exposed, while under ultra high vacuum to temperatures of from -190 degrees c to +170 degrees c for 45 days. up to a temperature of 25 degrees c no loss in viability of the test spores were noted when compared to original populations maintained at room temperature at atmospheric pressure over a desiccant. at elevated temperatur ...196411883445
studies on thiaminase of the clostridium.i. thiaminase of clostridium sporogenes. 196414217468
the autolysis of clostridium sporogenes. 19654222156
[composition of gases freed by clostridium sporogenes and by clostridium septicum cultivated in thioglycolate media]. 19664958636
effect of various gas atmospheres on destruction of microorganisms in dry heat.the heat resistance of dry bacterial spores was tested in various gases at temperatures ranging from 121.1 to 160 c (250 to 320 f). spores of clostridium sporogenes (pa 3679) were heated in air, carbon dioxide, and helium; spores of bacillus subtilis 5230 were heated in these gases and also in oxygen and in nitrogen. the surrounding gas influenced the heat resistance, but the differences among gases were small. d values were about 7 min at 148.9 c (300 f); z values were about 18.3 c (33 f) for b ...19674961931
[differentiation of clostridium sporogenes and clostridium bifermentans-clostridium sordelli using agar gel pricipitation]. 19676079138
tryptophan transaminase from clostridium sporogenes. 19685697992
[differentiation of clostridium botulinum type a and b and of clostridium sporogenes by application of agar gel precipitation]. 19684874195
survival of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in chicken meat during freeze-dehydration, rehydration, and storage.total and anaerobic counts were ascertained on boneless, cooked, cubed, frozen chicken meat. we determined survival of aerobes and anaerobes in the natural flora after the meat was freeze-dehydrated and rehydrated at room temperature for 30 min and at 50, 85, and 100 c for 10 min. total and anaerobic counts of bacteria in the rehydrated meat were established during storage of samples at 4, 22, and 37 c-until a spoilage odor was detected. samples were also inoculated with clostridium sporogenes a ...19685689798
some properties of bacteriophages active on the obligate anaerobe clostridium sporogenes. 19685669990
indolelactate dehydrogenase from clostridium sporogenes. 19684384683
[the antigenic difference between clostridium sporogenes and cl. tetani]. 19694931209
structure of the proximal ends of flagella of clostridium sporogenes. 19695796120
ultrastructural aspects of spore germination and outgrowth in clostridium sporogenes. 19695371931
microbiological aspects of ethylene oxide sterilization. ii. microbial resistance to ethylene oxide.the death rate kinetics of several sporeforming and nonsporeforming microorganisms, including radiation-resistant cocci, were determined by exposing them to a mixture of ethylene oxide and dichlorodifluoromethane (500 mg of ethylene oxide per liter, 30 to 50% relative humidity, and 54.4 c). spore survivor curves obtained from tests of inoculated and exposed hygroscopic and nonhygroscopic carriers showed that the spores of bacillus subtilis var. niger are more resistant to ethylene oxide than are ...19705415211
primary thoracic empyema caused by clostridium sporogenes. 19705520551
production of hydrocinnamic acid by clostridia.hydrocinnamic acid was found in acid extracts of spent growth medium from cultures of clostridium sporogenes. the acid was identified by mass spectrometry and its identity was confirmed by gas chromatography. the acid was produced in relatively large amounts (2 to 3 mumoles/ml of medium) by c. sporogenes, toxigenic types a, b, d, and f of c. botulinum, and some strains of c. bifermentans. other strains of c. bifermentans and strains of c. sordellii and c. caproicum produced only small amounts (0 ...19705437307
sheathed cells in cultures of clostridium sporogenes.many strains of clostridium sporogenes were shown to contain two types of cells which exhibited strikingly different growth habits. over 99% of the population of most strains were motile bacilli which occurred singly or in short chains. infection by any of several c. sporogenes bacteriophages lysed most of these cells and revealed a minority population component consisting of cells which grew in extremely long chains. each chain was surrounded by and contained in a long tubular polysaccharide sh ...19704097534
structural changes in cells of clostridium sporogenes infected with a long-tailed bacteriophage. 19714110440
effect of ph on the heat resistance of clostridium sporogenes spores in minced meat. 19725025431
thermal stability of the deoxyribonucleic acid hybrids between the proteolytic strains of clostridium botulinum and clostridium sporogenes. 19724551616
radiometric detection of some food-borne bacteria.studies on detection of bacteria by radiometric techniques have been concerned primarily with aerobic species in clinical specimens. the data presented here are related to detection of aerobic and anaerobic species that are of significance in foods, by measurement of (14)co(2) evolved from the metabolism of (14)c-glucose. salmonella typhimurium and staphylococcus aureus were inoculated into tryptic soy broth containing 0.0139 muci of (14)c glucose/ml of medium. detection times ranged from 10 to ...19724564040
numerical taxonomy of clostridium botulinum and clostridium sporogenes strains, and their susceptibilities to induced lysins and to mitomycin c. 19734587762
isolation and purification of l-methionine-alpha-deamino-gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase (l-methioninase) from clostridium sporogenes. 19734720797
volatile acid production by clostridium sporogenes under controlled culture conditions. 19734787614
controlling the sporulation of clostridium sporogenes and the heat resistance of the spores. 19734595504
cation reversal of inhibition of growth by valinomycin in streptococcus pyogenes and clostridium sporogenes.study of the antimicrobial spectrum of valinomycin revealed that, in addition to the gram-positive bacteria reported in literature, streptococcus pyogenes and clostridium sporogenes are also susceptible to this antibiotic. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of the antibiotic for s. pyogenes grown aerobically and anaerobically did not differ markedly, negating the hypothesis that oxidative phosphorylation is involved in the mechanism of action of this antibiotic. this conclusion is furth ...19734208280
[composition of the gases emitted by clostridium sporogenes, clostridium bifermentans, clostridium sordelii, clostridium oedematiens and plectridium putrificum cultivated in medium with sodium thioglycolate, under vacuum, after alkalinization of the culture medium]. 19744211363
[composition of gases emitted by welchia perfringens and clostridium sporogenes cultivated in different synthetic media]. 19744376902
asymmetric transcription during development of f1, a bacteriophage specific for clostridium sporogenes. 19744826203
antibacterial effect of cysteine-nitrosothiol and possible percursors thereof.the postulated intermediate of nitrite-myoglobin reaction, cysteine-nitrosothiol, was prepared and its antibacterial effect was tested on salmonella strains, streptococcus faecium, and spores and vegetative cells of clostridium sporogenes. cysteine-nitrosothiol showed a higher inhibitory effect than nitrite. preliminary results on the effect of simultaneous use of nitrite and cysteine on clostridium sporogenes spores were also presented.19744589130
induction of chain formation in clostridium sporogenes by suramin.cl. sporogenes nctc 532 was grown in serial doubling dilutions of suramin from 1% to 0.125% w/v in bhi broth containing 1% glucose. after overnight incubation the culture grew into extremely long chains on transfer into suramin free medium reverted to normal morphology.19751146437
regulatory responses of arginine deiminase in whole cells of clostridium sporogenes.arginine deiminase (ec 3.5.3.6) has been shown to have regulatory properties. the activity was observed to be sigmoidal with respect to substrate concentrations. addition of histidine to the system caused the abolition of sigmoidal responses. the regulatory properties of the enzyme as well as the desensitising action of histidine could also be demonstrated with whole cell suspensions. the ph of the system also seemed to influence modulations in the enzyme.1975241407
the metabolism of pyrimidines by proteolytic clostridia.uracil was used by growing cultures of clostridium sporogenes, and by proteolytic strains of c. botulinum types a and b. uracil was not used by c. bifermentans; c. botulinum, type b (non-proteolytic); c. botulinum, type f (non-proteolytic); c. botulinum, type e; c. butyricum; c. cochlearium; c. difficile; c. histolyticum; c. oedematiens, type a; c. paraputrificum; c. scatologenes; c. specticum; c. sordellii; c. sticklandii; c. tertium; c. tetani; c. tetanomorphum; c. welchii, types a, b, c, e an ...1975235246
[clostridium sporogenes-like strains derived from canned food]. 19751240302
feathery outbrusts of the colonies of clostridium sporogenes containing chain forming mutants after ultraviolet irradiation.cl. sporogenes nctc 532 was irradiated with uv light, 20 mins. irradiated colonies after initial 48 hours incubation at 37 degrees c and 10-20 days ageing at room temperature (22 to 25 degrees c), gave rise to feathery outbrusts. the material from these outbursts grew in long chains in fluid media. a pure chain - forming culture could not be obtained as the single cells or pairs always "contaminated" the chain - forming culture.19751179871
development of bacteriophage f1 in clostridium sporogenes: characterization of rna transcripts.rna transcription was investigated during the development of f1 phage, which is specific for the strict anaerobe clostridium sporogenes. rna species transcribed during f1 phage infection were characterized with respect to time of appearance and molecular weight by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. ten mrna species were characterized, of which five were produced early in infection and five were synthesized late in infection. all the above 10 species were transcribed from one strand of f1dna, th ...19751133876
histidine-dependent activation of arginine deiminase in clostridium sporogenes: kinetic evidence on in vivo allosteric interactions. 19751123060
responses of clostridium botulinum type b and e progenitor toxins to some clostridial sulfhydryl-dependent proteases.sulfhydryl-dependent proteases produced by clostridium botulinum types a, b, and f, clostridium histolyticum, clostridium sporogenes and clostridium perfringens activate preferentially type e over type b progenitor toxin but less efficiently than trypsin. the results explain why activable toxin is demonstrable in culture of a strongly proteolytic type b strain.19751104932
[a comparison of the assay regulations for sterility testing between the usp xix and the european pharmacopoeia (author's transl)].the usp xix is to be published in the summer 1975. in this paper the most important passages of its sterility test are compared with the regulations of the ep 1. so a test should be rendered possible to come up to both pharmacopoeia. a) both the membrane filtration method and the direct inoculation of media may be used as the test methods. the membrane filtration method is the method of choice. but the mentioned pore diameter of 0.45 +/- 0.02 mum is too large. those filters with a pore diameter ...1975811006
quantitative chemical analyses and antigenic properties of peptidoglycans from clostridium botulinum and other clostridia.the cell wall peptodoglycans were isolated from clostridium botulinum and some other species of the genus clostridium by hot formamide extraction and their quantitative chemical composition and antigenic properties were determined. the petidoglycan of c. botulinum type e was found to be a diaminopimelic acid (dap)-containing type composed of glucosamine, muramic acid, glutamic acid, alanine and dap in the molar ratio of 0.76:0.78:1.00:1.88:0.81. all other types of c. botulinum and clostridium sp ...197662070
stability of mrna from the clostridium sporogenes phage f1.polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to study the decay of individual species of mrna in f1, a bacteriophage specific for the obligate anaerobie clostridium sporogenes. immediate early mrna species had a half-life of 3.5 min, while delayed early and late mrna had a half-life of between 6 and 8 min.1976974907
leucine 2,3-aminomutase, an enzyme of leucine catabolism.the initial step in the fermentation of leucine to acetate, isobutyrate, and ammonia by clostridium sporogenes is the b12 coenzyme-dependent conversion of alpha-leucine to beta-leucine (3-amino-4-methylpentanoate). the amino group migration reaction, catalyzed by leucine 2,3-aminomutase, is reversible and is inhibited by intrinsic factor. the enzyme activity has been found in several clostridia, in rat, sheep, rhesus, and african green monkey livers, and in human leukocytes.19761270414
selenium requirement for the growth of clostridium sporogenes with glycine as the oxidant in stickland reaction systems.clostridium sporogenes was found to have an absolute requirement for selenium to utilize glycine but not proline as oxidant in stickland-type fermentations. no glycine reductase activity was detectable in cells from media without added selenium. the data indicate that this organism could be used for microbiological assays for very low levels of selenium in certain forms.1977873891
regulation of the arginine dihydrolase pathway in clostridium sporogenes.arginine deiminase activity was induced during the vegetative growth of clostridium sporogenes. the enzyme was sensitive to catabolite repression. the other enzymes of the arginine dihydrolase pathway, namely, ornithine carbamoyl-transferase and carbamate kinase, did not show such variation.1977195930
clostridium sporogenes isolates and their relationship to c. botulinum based on deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation.sixty-two isolates of clostridium sporogenes from canned foods were examined for cultural properties, heat resistance and dna-dna homology to clostridium botulinum type a190. sporulation was observed in most of 21 umbonate and rhizoidal colony-forming strains (colony-type i strains), but not in most of the 41 strains with convex and circular or crenate colonies with a mat to semi-glossy surface (colony-type ii strains). more than half of the latter strains showed much higher heat resistance than ...1977330814
pseudomembranous colitis: isolation of two species of cytotoxic clostridia and successful treatment with vancomycin.lincomycin-resistant clostridium sporogenes obtained from the stools of a patient with lincomycin-associated pseudomembranous colitis produced a heat-stable cytotoxin in low titre when grown in chopped meat medium. vancomycin eradicated this strain and all other clostridia, and controlled the symptoms. when diarrhea recurred 7 days after treatment with vancomycin was stopped, clostridia including c. sporogenes and c. difficile were again isolated. the c. difficile produced a heat-labile cytotoxi ...1978743667
identity of proline dehydrogenase and delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid reductase in clostridium sporogenes.proline dehydrogenase and delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (pca) reductase activities were copurified 60- and 130-fold, respectively, from extracts of clostridium sporogenes. the primary change in the ratio of activites was the result of a loss of proline dehydrogenase activity during dialysis. both activities were eluted in single peaks from diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, hydroxylapatite, and sephadex g-200 columns. they had identical sedimentation coefficients (10.3s), as determined in linear ...197825881
spore antigens of clostridium sporogenes.by means of spore-agglutination of fluorescent-antibody techniques, three serological types were identified among 84 strains of clostridium sporogenes. four spore antigens were identified, designated a, b, c and d. a, b and c were specific for the respective types whilst d was a group antigen shared by strains of the three types. the spore antigens had corresponding somatic antigens; the type-specific somatic antigens were designated i, ii, iii, and the shared somatic antigen iv. the flagellar ...1979107315
clostridial myonecrosis in a patient undergoing oxacillin therapy for exacerbation of chronic foot ulcers and osteomyelitis. a case report.gas gangrene developed from a chronic foot ulcer in the absence of periferal vascular disease or diabetes mellitus in a hospitalized patient undergoing parenteral antibiotic therapy. within a 6 hour period the patient developed profound toxemia necessitating emergency and life saving leg amputation. classically clostridial myonecrosis is diagnosed by the clinical course and the gram stain. in this case, 2 preoperative gram stains failed to show gram-positive rods. at the time of surgery, frank f ...1979445907
spore antigens in the classification of some clostridia.the spore antigens of clostridium sporogenes, c. histolyticum, c. bifermentans and the butyric group were compared. by spore agglutination and fluorescent-antibody technique (fat) the 69 strains of c. histolyticum were divided into two types: serum raised against type i (66 strains) reacted with all strains of this species but showed no cross reaction with any of the three types of c. sporogenes; serum raised against type ii (three strains) did not react with strains of c. histolyticum type i bu ...1979390152
immunofluorescent study of the spore antigens of proteolytic strains of clostridium botulinum.by means of the spore fluorescent antibody technique 31 strains of clostridium botulinum types a (18 strains), b (10 strains) and f (3 strains) were found to belong to the same homogeneous group irrespective of their toxigenic types. some strains of this species also cross-reacted with certain strains of clostridium sporogenes types i, ii and iii and clostridium histolyticum type ii. by spore antigenic analysis it was found that clostridium parabotulinum contained two components designated l and ...1979379206
development of a selective medium for the isolation of clostridium sporogenes and related organisms. 1979120359
effect of processing variables on the outgrowth of clostridium sporogenes pa 3679 spores in comminuted meat cured with sorbic acid and sodium nitrite.the effects of the initial ph and a "short pump" on the outgrowth of clostridium sporogenes pa 3679 spores in comminuted cured pork were studied. fresh ground pork was cured with salt, sugar, phosphate, ascorbate, and varying amounts of sodium nitrite and sorbic acid. the product was comminuted and inoculated with 1,000 spores of c. sporogenes per g. the meat was stuffed into 1-ounce (ca. 28.4-g) aluminum tubes, cooked to 58.5 degrees c, cooled, and incubated at 27 degrees c to observe for swell ...197944445
effect of ph on sporicidal and microbicidal activity of buffered mixtures of alcohol and sodium hypochlorite.the effect of ph on the activity of buffered sodium hypochlorite solution, and a buffered methanol/sodium hypochlorite mixture, against bacillus subtilis spores was investigated. the best results, considering both sporicidal activity and stability, were achieved in the ph range 7.6--8.1. the sporicidal activity and stability of five alcohol/hypochlorite mixtures, each containing a different alcohol and buffered to ph 7.6 and of hypochlorite alone buffered to ph 7.6, were compared. the mixtures w ...197935554
cerebrocortical necrosis in ruminants: effect of thiaminase type 1-producing clostridium sporogenes in lambs.large numbers of orally inoculated thiaminase type 1-producing clostridium sporogenes failed to establish in the alimentary tract of two conventionally born lambs. conversely, when similar inoculations were given to two gnotobiotic lambs, large populations of cl sporogenes established in their rumens and correspondingly high levels of thiaminase were produced. no clinical symptoms of thiamine deficiency or cerebrocortical necrosis were seen despite the presence of high levels of thiaminase in th ...1979538876
the effect of transition metal ions on the resistance of bacterial spores to hydrogen peroxide and to heat.the presence of 10 microm-cu2+ increased the lethal effect of hydrogen peroxide on spores of clostridium bifermentans but not on those of clostridium sporogenes pa 3679, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus or bacillus subtilis var. niger. cu2+ at 100 mum also increased the lethal effect of heat on spores of c. bifermentans but not on those of b. sutilis var. niger. the rate and extent of cu2+ uptake by spores of c. bifermentans and b. subtilis var. niger were similar, but examination of uns ...1979113488
involvement of zinc in regulatory properties of arginine deiminase from clostridium sporogenes. 19806778815
association of vegetative antigens with the spores of clostridium sporogenes.clean spores of clostridium sporogenes stored for two years continued to elicit the production of specific antibodies in immunized rabbits. disintegrated spores stimulated not only antibodies specific for the spore component, but also those directed against 'h' and 'o' antigens of the sporangium cells.19806781821
effect of moderately acidic ph on heat resistance of clostridium sporogenes spores in phosphate buffer and in buffered pea puree.the effect of ph in the range 5.0 to 7.0 on the thermal destruction of spores of clostridium sporogenes putrefactive anaerobe 3679 was examined by three methods: a capillary tube method in which spores were suspended in phosphate buffers, a thermoresistometer method in which spores were suspended in buffered pea puree adjusted to the same set of ph values, and a thermal death time can method in which spores were again suspended in buffered pea puree. the results indicated that increasing acidity ...19807396485
production of indole-3-propanoic acid and 3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid by clostridium sporogenes: a convenient thin-layer chromatography detection system.indole-3-propanoic acid (ipa), 3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (hppa), and 3-phenylpropanoic acid (ppa) were present in the spent bacterial media of clostridium sporogenes (20/20 strains) and c. cylindrosporum (1/1 strains), but absent in 32 other clostridial species (74 strains) tested. both ipa and hppa (but not ppa) could be readily detected by thin-layer chromatography and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde spray reagent. ipa forms a scarlet complex with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde which shifts to purple and ...19807378938
characterization of clostridium difficile and its differentiation from clostridium sporogenes by automatic head-space gas chromatography.although 47 strains of clostridium difficile and clostridium sporogenes were studied by gas chromatography. acidic and neutral volatile products, formed after 96 h of incubation in glucose-containing peptone yeast-extract medium, were chromatographed. all strains produced appreciable amounts of fatty acids, which were tentatively identified by gas chromatographic retention data. chromatograms obtained when analysing diethyl ether extracts of culture media of all 47 strains were virtually identic ...19806937946
thiaminase activity amongst strains of clostridium sporogenes. 19807462122
influence of growth conditions on glycine reductase of clostridium sporogenes.cells of clostridium sporogenes were deficient in glycine reductase activity when grown in a rich medium containing 40 mm each of exogenously added pyruvate and proline or hydroxyproline. these cells lacked the selenoprotein and at least one more protein of the glycine reductase system. proline or hydroxyproline in the medium also influenced the uptake of glycine by the cells.19807354004
diet as a coadjuvant for development of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hamsters (mesocricetus auratus).during a study of the effects of nutrition on experimental tumors in hamsters, fatal diarrhea developed. to determine the role of diet in this condition and the relationship between diet and antibiotics, two diets were used, ground commercial diet and a purified diet. two antibiotics were used, neomycin sulfate and vancomycin. diarrhea was evident soon after the animals were given the combination of purified diet and neomycin sulfate. vancomycin initially acted as a suppressor of diarrhea, but h ...19816790835
purification and partial characterization of proline dehydrogenase from clostridium sporogenes.a proline dehydrogenase which catalyzes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) dependent oxidation of proline and the nadh-dependent reduction of delta 1-pyrroline 5-carboxylic acid (pca) was purified from extracts of clostridium sporogenes. following purification, only one protein band was found on analytical polyacrylamide disc gels and on sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) - polyacrylamide disc gels. sucrose density gradient centrifugation and sds-gel electrophoresis indicated that the enzyme ...19816895480
nisin: a possible alternative or adjunct to nitrite in the preservation of meats.nisin at 75 ppm (75 microgram/g) was superior to 150 ppm of nitrite in inhibiting outgrowth of clostridium sporogenes pa3679 spores in meat slurries, which had been heated to simulate the process used for cooked ham. the inhibitory activity of nisin decreased as the spore load or ph of the slurries increased. unlike nitrite, inhibition by nisin was unaffected by high levels of iron either as a constituent of meats or when added as an iron salt. in slurries treated with 75 ppm of nisin, refrigera ...19817195188
on the formation of 3-phenylpropionate and the different stereo-chemical course of the reduction of cinnamate by clostridium sporogenes and peptostreptococcus anaerobius. 19817202724
salt extends the upper temperature limit for growth of food-poisoning bacteria.inclusion of nacl into the growth medium raised the upper temperature limit of growth of the following organisms: staphylococcus aureus (two strains), salmonella senftenberg, s. typhimurium, escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, bacillus cereus, clostridium sporogenes, c. perfringens (two strains). the magnitude of the response varied with the culture, the largest being 3.5 degrees with b. cereus cells. the spores of b. cereus were not protected by salt but clostridial spores behaved as the ...19816796247
immunodiffusion method for detection of type a clostridium botulinum.a simple gel immunodiffusion agar procedure was developed for detecting toxigenic strains of clostridium botulinum type a. the method consisted of overlaying colonies grown on thin-layer tryptone-peptone-glucose-yeast extract agar with gel diffusion agar containing desired levels of c. botulinum type a antitoxin. concentric precipitin zones formed around colonies of c. botulinum type a. strains of c. botulinum type a were detected by this procedure. however, c. botulinum type b reacted to a less ...19816797350
the involvement of nitric oxide in the inhibition of the phosphoroclastic system in clostridium sporogenes by sodium nitrite.the phosphoroclastic system was demonstrated in cell-free extracts of clostridium sporogenes by the production of carbon dioxide, acetyl phosphate, atp and reduced nad in the presence of pyruvate. the kinetics of acetyl phosphate production and nad reduction were investigated. the addition of sodium nitrite to a suspension of c. sporogenes in glucose medium resulted in a rapid decrease in intracellular atp concentration which was accompanied by an accumulation of pyruvate in the medium. this acc ...19816798167
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