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bacillus xiamenensis sp. nov., isolated from intestinal tract contents of a flathead mullet (mugil cephalus).a taxonomic study was carried out on strain hyc-10(t), which was isolated from the intestinal tract contents of a flathead mullet, mugil cephalus, captured from the sea off xiamen island, china. the bacterium was observed to be gram positive, oxidase and catalase positive, rod shaped, and motile by subpolar flagella. the bacterium was found to grow at salinities of 0-12 % and at temperatures of 8-45 °c. the isolate was found to hydrolyze aesculin and gelatin, but was unable to reduce nitrate to ...201424158533
dynamics of bacterial class bacilli in the deepest valley lake of kashmir-the manasbal lake.in recognition of the importance of bacteria as ecological indicators of the aquatic systems a comprehensive and systematic analysis was carried out on manasbal lake, the deepest spring fed valley lake of kashmir. the main objective envisaged was to analyze bacterial community composition (bcc) and for this purpose systematic and regular sampling of waters from ten different sampling stations, predetermined in the lake according to differences in degree of human interference and also as zones of ...201728087491
bacillus zhangzhouensis sp. nov. and bacillus australimaris sp. nov.two strains, designated dw5-4t and nh7i_1t, were isolated from aquaculture water of shrimp farm of zhangzhou city in china and surface sediment of the south china sea, respectively. cells of the strains were gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped and motile. the phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that two strains belonged to the bacillus pumilus clade. the similarities of 16s rrna gene sequences between two strains dw5-4t and nh7i_1t was 99. ...201526705002
identification of bacillus strains by maldi tof ms using geometric approach.microorganism identification by maldi tof mass-spectrometry is based on the comparison of the mass spectrum of the studied organism with those of reference strains. it is a rapid and reliable method. however, commercial databases and programs are mostly designed for identification of clinically important strains and can be used only for particular mass spectrometer models. the need for open platforms and reference databases is obvious. in this study we describe a geometric approach for microorga ...201526592761
reclassification of bacillus invictae as a later heterotypic synonym of bacillus altitudinis.the aim of this study was to reclarify the taxonomic status of strain bacillus invictae bi.ffup1t by performing comparative analyses with the other four type strains within the bacillus pumilus group. the digital dna-dna hybridization (dddh) and average nucleotide identity (ani) values between strains b. invictae bi.ffup1t ( = dsmz 26896t = mccc 1a07089t), b. altitudinis 41kf2bt ( = dsmz 21631t = mccc 1a06452t), b. safensis fo-36bt ( = dsmz 19292t = mccc 1a6451t), b. pumilus atcc 7061t ( = dsmz ...201525977285
bacillus invictae sp. nov., isolated from a health product.a gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacillus isolate, bi.(ffup1) (t), recovered in portugal from a health product was subjected to a polyphasic study and compared with the type strains of bacillus pumilus, bacillus safensis, bacillus altitudinis and bacillus xiamenensis, the phenotypically and genotypically most closely related species. acid production from cellobiose, d-glucose and d-mannose and absence of acid production from d-arabinose, erythritol, inositol, maltose, mannitol, raf ...201425171924
biodiversity of aerobic endospore-forming bacterial species occurring in yanyanku and ikpiru, fermented seeds of hibiscus sabdariffa used to produce food condiments in benin.yanyanku and ikpiru made by the fermentation of malcavene bean (hibiscus sabdariffa) are used as functional additives for parkia biglobosa seed fermentations in benin. a total of 355 aerobic endospore-forming bacteria (aefb) isolated from yanyanku and ikpiru produced in northern and southern benin were identified using phenotypic and genotypic methods, including gtg5-pcr, m13-pcr, 16s rrna, gyra and gyrb gene sequencing. generally, the same 5-6 species of the genus bacillus predominated: bacillu ...201323571124
effects of the dietary supplementation of mixed probiotic spores of bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54a, and bacillus pumilus 47b on growth, innate immunity and stress responses of striped catfish (pangasianodon hypophthalmus).the study used the mixed probiotics of bacillus amyloliquefaciens 54a and b. pumilus 47b isolated from striped catfish (pangasianodon hypophthalmus) intestine aiming to stimulate growth performance, innate immunity, stress tolerance of striped catfish. the average weight gain (awg), specific growth rate (sgr), and feed conversion ratio (fcr) were analyzed after fish were fed the mixture of probiotics (b. amyloliquefaciens 54a and b. pumilus 47b) at concentrations of 1 × 10(8), 3 × 10(8), and 5 × ...201727836719
detection of boron removal capacities of different microorganisms in wastewater and effective removal process.in this study boron removal capacities of different microorganisms were tested. candida tropicalis, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, micrococcus luteus, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus pumilus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and aspergillus versicolor were examined for their boron bioaccumulation capacities in simulated municipal wastewater. a. versicolor and b. cereus were found as the most boron-tolerant microorganisms in the experiments. also boron bioaccumulation yiel ...201526540546
comparative microbiological activities of ethanolic extracts of roots and aerial parts of achyranthes aspera linn.ethanolic extract of roots and aerial parts of achyranthes aspera was investigated for its antibacterial activity against bacillus subtilis, bacillus pumilus, and proteus vulgaris and anti fungal activity against cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus flavus at 100 mg/disc using diffusion method. the comparative studies shown that ethanolic extract of roots and aerial parts of achyranthes aspera have exhibited moderately equal action when compared to cotrimoxazole (30 mg/disc) for antibacterial an ...200322557101
small surfactant-like peptides can drive soluble proteins into active aggregates.inactive protein inclusion bodies occur commonly in escherichia coli (e. coli) cells expressing heterologous proteins. previously several independent groups have found that active protein aggregates or pseudo inclusion bodies can be induced by a fusion partner such as a cellulose binding domain from clostridium cellulovorans (cbdclos) when expressed in e. coli. more recently we further showed that a short amphipathic helical octadecapeptide 18a (ewlkafyekvleklkelf) and a short beta structure pep ...201222251949
structural and functional insight into an unexpectedly selective n-methyltransferase involved in plantazolicin biosynthesis.plantazolicin (pzn), a polyheterocyclic, n(α),n(α)-dimethylarginine-containing antibiotic, harbors remarkably specific bactericidal activity toward strains of bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax. previous studies demonstrated that genetic deletion of the s-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent methyltransferase from the pzn biosynthetic gene cluster results in the formation of desmethylpzn, which is devoid of antibiotic activity. here we describe the in vitro reconstitution, mutational ...201323878226
chitin extraction from shrimp shell waste using bacillus bacteria.the ability of six protease-producing bacillus species (bacillus pumilus a1, bacillus mojavencis a21, bacillus licheniformis rp1, bacillus cereus sv1, bacillus amyloliquefaciens an6 and bacillus subtilis a26) to ferment media containing only shrimp shell waste, for chitin extraction, was investigated. more than 80% deproteinization was attained by all the strains tested. however, demineralization rates not exceeding 67% were registered. cultures conducted in media containing shrimp shell waste s ...201222981824
diversity of spore-forming bacteria and identification of bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a species frequently associated with the ropy spoilage of bread.this study examines the diversity of spore-forming bacteria isolated from raw materials/bread using molecular methods along with a rapid and innovative technology, the ft-nir spectroscopy. microbiological analysis showed that 23% of semolina and 42% of other raw materials (including grain, brewer yeast, improvers) contained more than 100 spores/g and more than 50% of each kind of sample was contaminated at a level ranging from 1 to 100 spores/g. a high bacterial diversity characterized raw mater ...201222551674
plantazolicin is an ultra-narrow spectrum antibiotic that targets the bacillus anthracis membrane.plantazolicin (pzn) is a ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified natural product from bacillus methylotrophicus fzb42 and bacillus pumilus. extensive tailoring to twelve of the fourteen amino acid residues in the mature natural product endows pzn with not only a rigid, polyheterocyclic structure, but also antibacterial activity. here we report a remarkably discriminatory activity of pzn toward bacillus anthracis, which rivals a previously-described gamma (γ) phage lysis assay i ...201627152321
identification and pathogenic potential of clinical bacillus and paenibacillus isolates.the soil-related bacillus and paenibacillus species have increasingly been implicated in various human diseases. nevertheless, their identification still poses problems in the clinical microbiology laboratory and, with the exception of bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus, little is known on their pathogenicity for humans. in this study, we evaluated the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) in the identification of clinical isolates ...201627031639
genome sequence of bacillus pumilus strain bonn, isolated from an anthrax-like necrotic skin infection site of a child.we report the draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus strain bonn associated with human skin infection. b. pumilus bonn was isolated from a carbuncle-like necrotic site, resembling cutaneous anthrax, on the back of the hand of a 10-year-old child.201626868410
antibiofilm activity of biosurfactant producing coral associated bacteria isolated from gulf of mannar.coral associated bacteria (cab) (n = 22) isolated from the mucus of the coral acropora digitifera were screened for biosurfactants using classical screening methods; hemolysis test, lipase production, oil displacement, drop collapse test and emulsifying activity. six cab (u7, u9, u10, u13, u14, and u16) were found to produce biosurfactants and were identified by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing as providencia rettgeri, psychrobacter sp., bacillus flexus, bacillus anthracis, psychrobacter sp., a ...201425320434
phylogenetic and clonality analysis of bacillus pumilus isolates uncovered a highly heterogeneous population of different closely related species and clones.bacillus pumilus is a gram-positive bacterium with a wide range of attributed applications, namely as a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr), animal, and human probiotic. however, a rare putative role in human diseases has been reported, namely in food poisoning or as anthrax-like cutaneous infectious agent. this species is difficult to distinguish from its closely related species on the basis of phenotypic or biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequences. in this study, the phy ...201425230950
sporicidal efficacy of ph-adjusted bleach for control of bioburden on production facility surfaces.ph-adjusted bleach was one of the agents used to disinfect contaminated public buildings in the usa following the 2001 bioterrorist attack with bacillus anthracis spores. a usepa fact sheet describes the preparation of ph-adjusted bleach by combining diluted sodium hypochlorite (naocl) with a controlled amount of 5 % acetic acid. this paper reports a modification of this procedure to qualify the use of ph-adjusted bleach for routine disinfection of cleanroom surfaces in pharmaceutical manufactur ...201323532317
role of mechanical vs. chemical action in the removal of adherent bacillus spores during cip procedures.this study was designed to evaluate the respective roles of mechanical and chemical effects on the removal of bacillus spores during cleaning-in-place. this analysis was performed on 12 strains belonging to the bacillus cereus group (b. cereus, bacillus anthracis, bacillus thuringiensis) or to less related bacillus species (bacillus pumilus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus sporothermodurans, bacillus subtilis). adherent spores were subjected to rinsing-in-place (mechanical action) and cleaning- ...201323200646
chitin extraction from crab shells by bacillus bacteria. biological activities of fermented crab supernatants.crab shells waste were fermented using six protease-producing bacillus species (bacillus subtilis a26, bacillus mojavensis a21, bacillus pumilus a1, bacillus amyloliquefaciens an6, bacillus licheniformis nh1 and bacillus cereus bg1) for the production of chitin and fermented-crab supernatants (fcss). in medium containing only crab shells, the highest demineralization dm was obtained with b. licheniformis nh1 (83±0.5%) and b. pumilus a1 (80±0.6%), while the highest deproteinization (dp) was achie ...201525910648
isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacteria from rainforest soils.the deconstruction of lignin to enhance the release of fermentable sugars from plant cell walls presents a challenge for biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass. the discovery of novel lignin-degrading enzymes from bacteria could provide advantages over fungal enzymes in terms of their production and relative ease of protein engineering. in this study, 140 bacterial strains isolated from soils of a biodiversity-rich rainforest in peru were screened based on their oxidative activity on a ...201323297115
chemical composition and biological properties of satureja avromanica maroofi.satureja avromanica is an indigenous plant which is frequently used as a spice in avraman-kurdistan region of iran. the present study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the s. avromanica. in addition, rosmarinic acid and total phenolic content of s. avromanica was assessed by spectrophotometric method and hptlc. the essential oil and methanolic extract were isolated by hydrodistillation and maceration methods, respectively. a total of 32 co ...201728298686
development of an efficient bacterial consortium for the potential remediation of hydrocarbons from contaminated sites.the intrinsic biodegradability of hydrocarbons and the distribution of proficient degrading microorganisms in the environment are very crucial for the implementation of bioremediation practices. among others, one of the most favorable methods that can enhance the effectiveness of bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated environment is the application of biosurfactant producing microbes. in the present study, the biodegradation capacities of native bacterial consortia toward total petroleum hyd ...201627471499
diversity of indigenous endophytic bacteria associated with the roots of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) cultivars and their antagonism towards pathogens.the study aimed to reveal the diversity of endophytic bacteria in the roots of chinese cabbage (cc) cultivated in two areas in korea, namely, seosang-gun (ss) and haenam-gun (hn), and also in a transgenic plant (tp) from the laboratory. a total of 653 colonies were isolated from the interior of cc roots, comprising 118, 302, and 233 isolates from ss, hn, and tp samples, respectively. based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, the isolates belonged to four major phylogenetic groups: high-g+c gram- ...201627095454
isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of curcuma longa l.fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa l. were characterized on the basis of morphology, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the isolates were identified to six strains namely bacillus cereus (ecl1), bacillus thuringiensis (ecl2), bacillus sp. (ecl3), bacillus pumilis (ecl4), pseudomonas putida (ecl5), and clavibacter michiganensis (ecl6). all the strains produced iaa and solubilized phosphate and only two strains produ ...201628330130
evaluation of bacillus cereus and bacillus pumilus metabolites for anthelmintic activity.to assess the anthelmintic acivity of bacillus cereus and bacillus pumilus metabolites.201725598639
genetic discrimination of foodborne pathogenic and spoilage bacillus spp. based on three housekeeping genes.bacillus genus includes foodborne pathogenic and spoilage-associated species, such as bacillus cereus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus. bacillus is also a heterogeneous genus that includes closely related species that are difficult to discriminate among, especially when well-conserved genes such as 16s rrna and 23s rrna are considered. the main goal of the present work was to study the usefulness of three housekeeping genes, the tu elongation factor (tuf), the dna ...201525475298
enhancement of the immune response and protection against vibrio parahaemolyticus by indigenous probiotic bacillus strains in mud crab (scylla paramamosain).in a previous study, bacterial communities of the intestine in three populations of crabs (wild crabs, pond-raised healthy crabs and diseased crabs) were probed by culture-independent methods. in this study, we examined the intestinal communities of the crabs by bacterial cultivation with a variety of media. a total of 135 bacterial strains were isolated from three populations of mud crabs. the strains were screened for antagonistic activity against vibrio parahaemolyticus using an agar spot ass ...201425193866
comparison of identification systems for psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from raw bovine milk.psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk produce heat-resistant extracellular proteases, resulting in spoilage and shelf-life reduction of ultrahigh temperature treated milk and milk products. controlling of these spoilage microbes requires rapid and reliable identification systems for screening of raw milk. this study aimed to compare commercial bacterial identification systems with a genetic method (considered as the 'gold standard' method) for the identification of heat-resistant protease producin ...201425113043
incidence, diversity and characteristics of spores of psychrotolerant spore formers in various repfeds produced in belgium.the major objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of psychrotolerant spore formers from repfeds marketed in belgium, and their diversity and characteristics. spore formers in general were found as spores on 38.3% of the food samples and in 85% food products types evaluated. 76% of the food samples containing spore formers had spores before enrichment. a total of 86 spore formers were isolated from the samples. 28 of 86 bacterial spore formers (32.6%) were capable of vegetative g ...201425084675
screening of marine bacteria with bacteriocin-like activities and probiotic potential for ornate spiny lobster (panulirus ornatus) juveniles.bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides, which have been found in diverse bacterial species of terrestrial origins and some from the sea. new bacteriocins with new characteristics, new origins and new applications are likely still awaiting discovery. the present study screened bacteria isolated from marine animals of interest to the aquaculture industry for antimicrobial and bacteriocin-like activities in order to uncover biodiversity of bacteriocin producers, and explore ...201424969424
the combined effect of pasteurization intensity, water activity, ph and incubation temperature on the survival and outgrowth of spores of bacillus cereus and bacillus pumilus in artificial media and food products.the objective of the study was to evaluate the combined effects of pasteurization intensity (no heat treatment and 10 min at 70, 80 and 90 °c), water activity (aw) (0.960-0.990), ph (5.5-7.0) and storage temperature (7 and 10 °c) on the survival and outgrowth of psychrotolerant spores of bacillus cereus ff119b and bacillus pumilus ff128a. the experiments were performed in both artificial media and a validation was performed on real food products (cream, béchamel sauce and mixed vegetable soup). ...201424801270
rapid identification of dairy mesophilic and thermophilic sporeforming bacteria using dna high resolution melt analysis of variable 16s rdna regions.due to their ubiquity in the environment and ability to survive heating processes, sporeforming bacteria are commonly found in foods. this can lead to product spoilage if spores are present in sufficient numbers and where storage conditions favour spore germination and growth. a rapid method to identify the major aerobic sporeforming groups in dairy products, including bacillus licheniformis group, bacillus subtilis group, bacillus pumilus group, bacillus megaterium, bacillus cereus group, geoba ...201323743474
screening of solvent dependent antibacterial activity of prunus domestica.fruit of prunus domestica was extracted in ethanol. the ethanol extract was further extracted with two solvents ethyl acetate and chloroform. the crude ethanol extract and two fractions (ethyl acetate and chloroform) were screened for their antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method .they were tested against nine bacteria; five gram positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcuc intermedius, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus) and four gram negative bacteria (eschrichia ...201323455215
evaluation of bacterial flora during the ripening of kedong sufu, a typical chinese traditional bacteria-fermented soybean product.kedong sufu is a typical bacteria-fermented sufu in china. isolation and identification of the autochthonous bacteria involved would allow the design of specific starters for this speciality. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bacterial flora during the ripening of kedong sufu using polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) and culturing.201323400969
activation of bacillus spores at moderately elevated temperatures (30-33 °c).the time/temperature profiles experienced by spores on the track from their natural sporulation environment to consumable food products may be highly diverse. temperature has been documented as an important factor that may activate spores, i.e. potentiates spores to germinate. there is, however, limited knowledge about the relationship between the expected temperature history and the subsequent germination characteristics of bacterial spores. we show here that the germination rate of five differ ...201323132276
characterization of boron resistant and accumulating bacteria lysinibacillus fusiformis m1, bacillus cereus m2, bacillus cereus m3, bacillus pumilus m4 isolated from former mining site, hokkaido, japan.boron is known to be widespread environmental contaminant that is relatively mobile in soil when compared to other metal contaminants. the present study made an attempt to isolate and characterize the boron resistant and accumulating bacteria from former mining site at hokkaido, japan. four potential strains m1, m2, m3 and m4 were selected based on high degree of boron and heavy metal resistances. the morphological, biochemical and 16s rdna sequencing analysis of mining bacteria revealed that th ...201222571522
microbiological and physicochemical characterisation of caxiri, an alcoholic beverage produced by the indigenous juruna people of brazil.caxiri is a traditional fermented alcoholic beverage produced from cassava and sweet potatoes by the indigenous juruna or yudjá people in brazil. our results showed that caxiri fermentation is invariably associated with the following: (i) an increase in the total microbial population, with yeast being the largest group detected; (ii) a decrease in reducing sugars, malic, tartaric, succinic, oxalic and propionic acid; and (iii) a final product characterised by a high content of ethanol and a high ...201222497838
antimicrobial potency of the leaf - stalk extract of curcuma longa (linn).the methanolic extract of the leaf-stalk of curcuma longa linn, was tested for its minimum inhibitor concentration (mic) against gram positive-staphylococcus aureus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtilis, klebsiella pnemoniae, bacillus cereus, streptococcus pneumoniae, lactobacillus arabinosus and gram negative e.coli, shigella dysenteriae, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, salmonella typhimurium, proteus mirabilis, and vibrio cholerae strains, further, the ones of inhibition produced by the crude ...200022557005
bacillus species isolated from tungrymbai and bekang, naturally fermented soybean foods of india.tungrymbai and bekang are naturally fermented soybean foods commonly consumed in meghalaya and mizoram states of india. a total of 39 samples of tungrymbai and 43 samples of bekang were collected from different villages and markets of meghalaya and mizoram, respectively and were analysed for microbial load. in both tungrymbai and bekang, the average population of bacillus spp. was 8.2±0.1 log cfu/g. a total of 428 isolates of bacillus were isolated from tungrymbai (211) and bekang (217) for deta ...201525574846
lna-modified isothermal oligonucleotide microarray for differentiating bacilli of similar origin.oligonucleotide microarray has been one of the most powerful tools in the 'post-genome era' for its high sensitivity, high throughput and parallel processing capability. to achieve high detection specificity, we fabricated an isothermal microarray using locked nucleic acid (lna)-modified oligonucleotide probes, since lna has demonstrated the advanced ability to enhance the binding affinity toward their complementary nucleotides. after designing the nucleotide sequences of these oligonucleotide p ...201425431409
effect of oral administration of bacillus coagulans b37 and bacillus pumilus b9 strains on fecal coliforms, lactobacillus and bacillus spp. in rat animal model.to investigate the effect of oral administration of two bacillus strains on fecal coliforms, lactobacillus and bacillus spp. in rat animal model.201627536040
characterization of deep sea fish gut bacteria with antagonistic potential, from centroscyllium fabricii (deep sea shark).the bacterial isolates from centroscyllium fabricii (deep sea shark) gut were screened for antagonistic activity by cross-streak method and disc diffusion assay. this study focuses on strain btss-3, which showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria including salmonella typhimurium, proteus vulgaris, clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, bacillus circulans, bacillus macerans and bacillus pumilus. btss3 was subjected to phenotypic characterization using bio ...201525740801
identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the 16s rrna gene of foodborne bacillus spp.the main goal of this work was the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the 16s rrna gene of foodborne bacillus spp. that may be useful for typing purposes. these species include, among others, bacillus cereus, an important pathogenic species involved in food poisoning, and bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus, which are causative agents of food spoilage described as responsible for foodborne disease outbreaks. with this purpose in mind, 52 bacill ...201525475292
bacillus spp. from rainforest soil promote plant growth under limited nitrogen conditions.the aim of this study was to evaluate effects of pgpr (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) isolated from rainforest soil on different plants under limited nitrogen conditions.201525494882
isolation and molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant halophilic bacteria from shrimp farm effluents of parangipettai coastal waters.multidrug resistance of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from an aquaculture farm effluent in parangipettai, at the southeastern coast of india, was investigated. in the initial screening, 27 antibiotic-resistant strains were isolated. all the strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility against chloramphenicol with varying concentrations. from these, two highly resistant strains, i.e. s1 and s5, were isolated. the selected strains were identified by 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) sequencing techn ...201525850744
a phosphate starvation-inducible ribonuclease of bacillus licheniformis.the bli03719 protein of bacillus licheniformis dsm13 belongs to the most abundant extracellular proteins under phosphate starvation conditions. in this study, the function of this phosphate starvation inducible protein was determined. an amino-acid sequence analysis of the bli03719-encoding gene showed a high similarity with genes encoding the barnase of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 and binase-like rnase of bacillus pumilus sarf-032. the comparison of the control strain and a bli03719-defici ...201627160576
induced phytoremediation of metals from fly ash mediated by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.a study was carried out to observe the impact of a consortium of bacteria isolated from the fly ash on the metal accumulation by t. latifolia. when a consortium of bacteria bacillus endophyticus nbrft4 (mtcc 9021), paenibacillus macerans nbrfts (mtcc 8912) and bacillus pumilus nbrft9 (mtcc 8913) was bioaugmented into the rhizosphere of t. latifolia, it enhanced the metal concentration in root, stem and leaves of the plants through increased bioavailability of metals fe, cd, pb, cr, ni, cu and zn ...201324640248
inoculation of phaseolus vulgaris with the nodule-endophyte agrobacterium sp. 10c2 affects richness and structure of rhizosphere bacterial communities and enhances nodulation and growth.agrobacterium sp. 10c2 is a nonpathogenic and non-symbiotic nodule-endophyte strain isolated from root nodules of phaseolus vulgaris. the effect of this strain on nodulation, plant growth and rhizosphere bacterial communities of p. vulgaris is investigated under seminatural conditions. inoculation with strain 10c2 induced an increase in nodule number (+54 %) and plant biomass (+16 %). grains also showed a significant increase in phosphorus (+53 %), polyphenols (+217 %), flavonoids (+62 %) and to ...201525967041
two-stage phyto-microremediation of tannery effluent by spirodela polyrrhiza (l.) schleid. and chromium resistant bacteria.two-stage sequential treatment of tannery effluent was conducted employing a wetland plant, spirodela polyrrhiza (l.) schleid., and chromium (cr) resistant bacterial strains. the bacterial strains were isolated from cr-enriched environmental matrices and rhizosphere of spirodela polyrrhiza. the phyto-rhizoremediation of tannery effluent by spirodela and its rhizospheric bacteria (cellulomonas biazotea apbr1-6, bacillus safensis apbr2-12, staphylococcus warneri apbr3-5, microbacterium oleivorans ...201627318662
prevalence of thermoduric bacteria and spores on 10 midwest dairy farms.thermoduric bacteria (tdb), including sporeformers and their spores, can be present in milk and dairy products even after pasteurization. they have the potential to adversely affect the quality and shelf life of products. the objectives of this study were to identify the origin and common species of heat-resistant bacteria occurring during summer and winter on midwest dairy farms. bulk tank milk samples were taken from 10 dairy farms located along the south dakota section of interstate 29, with ...201425200773
isolation and characterization of genetic variability in bacteria with β-hemolytic and antifungal activity isolated from the rhizosphere of medicago truncatula plants.in the present study, we analyzed the frequency of hemolytic and antifungal activities in bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of medicago truncatula plants. of the 2000 bacterial colonies, 96 showed β-hemolytic activities (frequency, 4.8 x 10(-2)). hemolytic isolates were analyzed for their genetic diversity by using random amplification of polymorphic dna, yielding 88 haplotypes. the similarity coefficient of nei and li showed a polymorphic diversity ranging from 0.3 to 1. additionally, 8 o ...201425062484
developing a new production host from a blueprint: bacillus pumilus as an industrial enzyme producer.since volatile and rising cost factors such as energy, raw materials and market competitiveness have a significant impact on the economic efficiency of biotechnological bulk productions, industrial processes need to be steadily improved and optimized. thereby the current production hosts can undergo various limitations. to overcome those limitations and in addition increase the diversity of available production hosts for future applications, we suggest a production strain blueprinting (psb) stra ...201424661794
disruption of microbial biofilms by an extracellular protein isolated from epibiotic tropical marine strain of bacillus licheniformis.marine epibiotic bacteria produce bioactive compounds effective against microbial biofilms. the study examines antibiofilm ability of a protein obtained from a tropical marine strain of bacillus licheniformis d1.201323691235
[cell wall teichoic acids of bacillus licheniformis vkm b-511t, bacillus pumilus vkm b-508t, and other strains previously assigned to bacillus pumilus]. 201223156690
identification of the potential of microbial combinations obtained from spent mushroom cultivation substrates for use in textile effluent decolorization.the study presents variation in microbial population of agaricus bisporus, pleurotus sajor-caju and volvariella volvacea spent substrates (sms) along with ligninolytic enzymes activity and textile effluent decolorization potential of microorganisms isolated from these. the effect of temperature, ph, carbon sources and immobilizing agents on effluent decolorization using different combinations of these microorganisms has also been studied. sms of p. sajor-caju harbored highest population and dive ...201223026337
swapping of pro-sequences between keratinases of bacillus licheniformis and bacillus pumilus: altered substrate specificity and thermostability.pro-sequences were swapped in cis between keratinases from bacillus licheniformis (ker bl) and bacillus pumilus (ker bp) to construct ker probp-bl and ker probl-bp, respectively. expression of these keratinases was carried out constitutively by e. coli hb101-pezz18 system. they were characterized with respect to their parent enzymes, ker bl and ker bp, respectively. ker probp-bl became more thermostable with a t(1/2) of 45 min at 80°c contrary to ker bl which was not stable beyond 60°c. similarl ...201222759531
γ-glutamyl transpeptidase from bacillus pumilus ks 12: decoupling autoprocessing from catalysis and molecular characterization of n-terminal region.gamma glutamyl transpeptidase from bacillus pumilus ks12 (ggtbp) was cloned, expressed in pet-28-e. coli expression system as a heterodimeric enzyme with molecular weights of 45 and 20 kda for large and small subunit, respectively. it was purified by nickel affinity chromatography with hydrolytic and transpeptidase activity of 1.82 u/mg and 4.35 u/mg, respectively. sequence analysis revealed that ggtbp was most closely related to bacillus licheniformis ggt and had all the catalytic residues and ...201222305170
identification and characterization of psychrotolerant sporeformers associated with fluid milk production and processing.psychrotolerant spore-forming bacteria represent a major challenge to the goal of extending the shelf life of pasteurized dairy products. the objective of this study was to identify prominent phylogenetic groups of dairy-associated aerobic sporeformers and to characterize representative isolates for phenotypes relevant to growth in milk. analysis of sequence data for a 632-nucleotide fragment of rpob showed that 1,288 dairy-associated isolates (obtained from raw and pasteurized milk and from dai ...201222247129
antimicrobial effects of novel peptides cot2 and sot2 derived from crocodylus siamensis and pelodiscus sinensis ovotransferrins.in light of the increasing threat of bacterial drug resistance to human health on a global scale, research and development of antimicrobial peptides as a novel class of potent antibiotics has gained considerable attention. the present study focuses on the structural evaluation and membrane interaction of two new cationic antimicrobial peptides, cot2 and sot2, derived from siamese crocodile (crocodylus siamensis) and chinese softshell turtle (pelodiscus sinensis) ovotransferrins. here, cot1 (+3) ...201728159460
biotransformation of arsenic by bacterial strains mediated by oxido-reductase enzyme system.the present study deals with the enzyme mediated biotransformation of arsenic in five arsenic tolerant strains (bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus pumilus, paenibacillus macerans and escherichia coli). biotransformation ability of these isolates was evaluated by monitoring arsenite oxidase and arsenate reductase activity. results showed that arsenic oxidase activity was exclusively present in p. macerans and b. pumilus while b. subtilis, b. megaterium and e. coli strains showed pre ...201425535706
coexpression of lactobacillus brevis adh with gdh or g6pdh in arxula adeninivorans for the synthesis of 1-(r)-phenylethanol.the yeast arxula adeninivorans was used for the overexpression of an adh gene of lactobacillus brevis coding for (r)-specific alcohol dehydrogenase (lbadh) to synthesise enantiomerically pure 1-(r)-phenylethanol. glucose dehydrogenase gene from bacillus megaterium (bmgdh) or glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase of bacillus pumilus (bpg6pdh) were coexpressed in arxula to regenerate the cofactor nadph by oxidising glucose or glucose 6-phosphate. the yeast strain expressing lbadh and bpg6pdh produced ...201525535093
hard surface biocontrol in hospitals using microbial-based cleaning products.healthcare-associated infections (hais) are one of the most frequent complications occurring in healthcare facilities. contaminated environmental surfaces provide an important potential source for transmission of many healthcare-associated pathogens, thus indicating the need for new and sustainable strategies.201425259528
variations in the structure of airborne bacterial communities in a downwind area during an asian dust (kosa) event.asian dust (kosa) events transport airborne microorganisms that significantly impact biological ecosystems, human health, and ice-cloud formation in downwind areas. however, the composition and population dynamics of airborne bacteria have rarely been investigated in downwind areas during kosa events. in this study, air samplings were sequentially performed at the top of a 10-m high building within the kosa event arrival area (kanazawa city, japan) from may 1 to may 7, 2011, during a kosa event. ...201424815557
efficacy of using harmless bacillus endospores to estimate the inactivation of cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water.the need to use complex in vitro cell culture, expensive equipment, and highly-trained technicians that are available only to specialist laboratories has significantly limited studies assessing the potential of pulsed uv light (puv) to inactivate the waterborne parasite cryptosporidium parvum in drinking water. this constitutes the first study to report on the use of different non-pathogenic bacillus endospores as potential surrogate organisms to indicate the puv inactivation performance of a c. ...201323145570
isolation of haemolytic bacilli from field-collected culicoides oxystoma and culicoides peregrinus: potential vectors of bluetongue virus in west bengal, india.two haemolytic bacterial strains of bacillus pumilus (cu1a, cu1b) and one blood-utilizing strain of bacillus licheniformis (cu2b) were isolated from relatively low numbers of field-collected females of culicoides oxystoma and culicoides peregrinus (diptera: ceratopogonidae). a total of 36 females, including 18 of each of c. oxystoma and c. peregrinus (consisting of one and a pool of eight blood-engorged specimens, and one and a pool of eight non-engorged specimens for each species), were tested. ...201525644315
silver nanoparticles synthesis mediated by new isolates of bacillus spp., nanoparticle characterization and their activity against bean yellow mosaic virus and human pathogens.extracellular agents produced by newly isolated bacterial strains were able to catalyze the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps). the most effective isolates were identified as bacillus pumilus, b. persicus, and bacillus licheniformis using molecular identification. dls analysis revealed that the agnps synthesized by the above strains were in the size range of 77-92 nm. tem observations showed that the nanoparticles were coated with a capping agent, which was probably involved in nanopartic ...201526029190
corrigendum to "prevalence of thermoduric bacteria and spores on 10 midwest dairy farms".thermoduric bacteria (tdb), including sporeformers and their spores, can be present in milk and dairy products even after pasteurization. they have the potential to adversely affect the quality and shelf life of products. the objectives of this study were to identify the origin and common species of heat-resistant bacteria occurring during summer and winter on midwest dairy farms. bulk tank milk samples were taken from 10 dairy farms located along the south dakota section of interstate 29, with ...201425610925
isolation and characterisation of bacillus spp. antagonistic to vibrio parahaemolyticus for use as probiotics in aquaculture.acute gastroenteritis caused by pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the major factors affecting the development of aquaculture and the safety of seafood. using the antagonism of probiotics against pathogens is an alternative strategy to antibiotics and a common trend to control food-borne pathogenic bacteria. in this study, a total of 249 isolates were isolated from four types of seafood (litopenaeus vannamei, oratosquilla oratoria, mactra veneriformis and portunus trituberculatus) and ...201525737203
draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus strain gm3fr, an endophyte isolated from aerial plant tissues of festuca rubra l.here, we report the draft genome sequence of bacillus pumilus gm3fr, an endophytic bacterium isolated from aerial plant tissues of festuca rubra l. the draft genome consists of 3.5 mb and harbors 3,551 predicted protein-encoding genes. the genome provides insights into the biocontrol potential of b. pumilus gm3fr.201728360161
temporal variations in cigarette tobacco bacterial community composition and tobacco-specific nitrosamine content are influenced by brand and storage conditions.tobacco products, specifically cigarettes, are home to microbial ecosystems that may play an important role in the generation of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (tsnas), as well as the onset of multiple adverse human health effects associated with the use of these products. therefore, we conducted time-series experiments with five commercially available brands of cigarettes that were either commercially mentholated, custom-mentholated, user-mentholated, or non-mentholated. to mimic us ...201728326071
stratosphere conditions inactivate bacterial endospores from a mars spacecraft assembly facility.every spacecraft sent to mars is allowed to land viable microbial bioburden, including hardy endospore-forming bacteria resistant to environmental extremes. earth's stratosphere is severely cold, dry, irradiated, and oligotrophic; it can be used as a stand-in location for predicting how stowaway microbes might respond to the martian surface. we launched e-mist, a high-altitude nasa balloon payload on 10 october 2015 carrying known quantities of viable bacillus pumilus safr-032 (4.07 × 10(7) spor ...201728323456
regulatory characteristics of bacillus pumilus protease promoters.expression of extracellular protease genes of bacilli is subject to regulation by many positive and negative regulators. here we analyzed 5' regulatory regions of genes encoding proteolytic proteases aprbp, gsebp, and mprbp from bacillus pumilus strain 3-19. gfp fusion constructs with upstream genomic regions of different lengths were created for all three genes to identify their natural promoters (regulatory regions). our results suggest that the aprbp gene, encoding the major subtilisin-like p ...201728258295
[exogenous bacillus pumilus rnase (binase) suppresses the reproduction of reovirus serotype 1].the experimental study identified the antiviral activity of bacillus pumilus rnase (binase) against the reovirus of serotype 1/strain lang. for the first time, it has been found that 50 μg/ml of binase effectively reduced the hemagglutinin and cytocidal activity of reovirus in vero cell line. the preincubation of the enzyme with reovirus before infection of the cells inhibited the viral replication. to determine the stagedependent effect of reovirus reproduction upon binase inhibition, the infec ...201728251973
microorganisms and heavy metals associated with atmospheric deposition in a congested urban environment of a developing country: sri lanka.the presence of bacteria and heavy metals in atmospheric deposition were investigated in kandy, sri lanka, which is a typical city in the developing world with significant traffic congestion. atmospheric deposition samples were analyzed for al, cr, mn, fe, ni, cu, zn, cd and pb which are heavy metals common to urban environments. al and fe were found in high concentrations due to the presence of natural sources, but may also be re-suspended by vehicular traffic. relatively high concentrations of ...201728185730
mechanism of anti-vibrio activity of marine probiotic strain bacillus pumilus h2, and characterization of the active substance.vibriosis is a major epizootic disease that impacts free-living and farmed fish species worldwide. use of probiotics is a promising approach for prevention of vibrio infections in aquaculture. a probiotic anti-vibrio strain, bacillus pumilus h2, was characterized, and the mechanism of its effect was investigated. all 29 vibrio strains tested were growth-inhibited by h2. the anti-vibrio substance present in cell-free supernatant of h2 was purified and characterized by reversed-phase hplc. minimum ...201728097594
the role of metals in the reaction catalyzed by metal-ion-independent bacillary rnase.extracellular enzymes of intestinal microbiota are the key agents that affect functional activity of the body as they directly interact with epithelial and immune cells. several species of the bacillus genus, like bacillus pumilus, a common producer of extracellular rnase binase, can populate the intestinal microbiome as a colonizing organism. without involving metal ions as cofactors, binase depolymerizes rna by cleaving the 3',5'-phosphodiester bond and generates 2',3'-cyclic guanosine phospha ...201628096759
a functional endonuclease q exists in the bacterial domain: identification and characterization of endonuclease q from bacillus pumilus.dna base deamination occurs spontaneously under physiological conditions and is promoted by high temperature. therefore, hyperthermophiles are expected to have efficient repair systems of the deaminated bases in their genomes. endonuclease q (endoq) was originally identified from the hyperthermophlic archaeon, pyrococcus furiosus, as a hypoxanthine-specific endonuclease recently. further biochemical analyses revealed that endoq also recognizes uracil, xanthine, and the ap site in dna, and is pro ...201728095753
expression and secretion of cyan fluorescent protein (cfp) in b. subtilis using the chitinase promoter from bacillus pumilus sg2improved cyan fluorescent protein (icfp) is a monochromic, green fluorescent protein (gfp) derivative produced by aequorea macrodactyla in a process similar to gfp. this protein has strong absorption spectra at wavelengths 426-446 nm. icfp can be used in cell, organelle or intracellular protein labeling, investigating the protein-protein interactions as well as assessing the promoter activities.201728088132
a report on extensive lateral genetic reciprocation between arsenic resistant bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus strains analyzed using rapd-pcr.the study involves isolation of arsenic resistant bacteria from soil samples. the characterization of bacteria isolates was based on 16s rrna gene sequences. the phylogenetic consanguinity among isolates was studied employing rpob and gltx gene sequence. rapd-pcr technique was used to analyze genetic similarity between arsenic resistant isolates. in accordance with the results bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus strains may exhibit extensive horizontal gene transfer. arsenic resistant potency ...201727956257
high-level expression of improved thermo-stable alkaline xylanase variant in pichia pastoris through codon optimization, multiple gene insertion and high-density fermentation.in paper industry, xylanases are used to increase the pulp properties in bleaching process as its eco-friendly nature. the xylanases activity is hindered by high temperature and alkaline conditions with high enzyme production cost in the paper industry. here, xynhb, an alkaline stable xylanase from bacillus pumilus hbp8 was mutated at n188a to xynhbn188a. expressed mutant in e. coli showed 1.5-fold higher xylanase activity than xynhb at 60 °c. the mutant expressed in pichia pastoris was glycosyl ...201627897254
the impact of silver nanoparticles produced by bacillus pumilus as antimicrobial and nematicide.this study evaluates the potential application of silver nanoparticles (agnps) as antimicrobial or nematicidal agents produced by the extremophile bacillus pumilus, which was isolated from the alkaline wadi el-natrun lake in egypt. the agnps were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. the size of agnps formed ranged from 20.12 to 29.48 nm. panagrellus redivivus was exposed to different concentratio ...201627891113
evaluating uv-c led disinfection performance and investigating potential dual-wavelength synergy.a dual-wavelength uv-c led unit, emitting at peaks of 260 nm, 280 nm, and the combination of 260|280 nm together was evaluated for its inactivation efficacy and energy efficiency at disinfecting escherichia coli, ms2 coliphage, human adenovirus type 2 (hadv2), and bacillus pumilus spores, compared to conventional low-pressure and medium-pressure uv mercury vapor lamps. the dual-wavelength unit was also used to measure potential synergistic effects of multiple wavelengths on bacterial and viral i ...201727889622
influence of endophytic bacillus pumilus and edta on the phytoextraction of cu from soil by using cicer arietinum.in developing countries, soil contamination with metals is ubiquitous, which poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. the current study was designed to screen out the nested belongings of cicer arietinum plants and bacillus pumilus (kf 875447) in extracting copper (cu) from contaminated soils. a pot experiment was executed by growing c. arietinum seedlings either inoculated with b. pumilus or uninoculated along with the application of 5 mm ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta). plants were subj ...201727869502
a trimeric and thermostable lichenase from b. pumilus us570 strain: biochemical and molecular characterization.new β-1,3;1,4-glucanase (gluus570) was purified from a newly isolated bacillus pumilus us570 strain. the enzyme was active in a wide range of ph and temperature and displayed a great thermostability with a half-life of 30min at 80°c. the enzyme was demonstrated to be a lichenase since it was only active toward glucan containing β-1,3;1,4- linkages. the analysis of the enzyme in native and denaturing conditions suggests that it has a trimeric form (75kda). this is the first report on the purifica ...201727838418
improving the catalytic efficiency of bacillus pumilus cota-laccase by site-directed mutagenesis.bacterial laccases are potential enzymes for biotechnological applications because of their remarkable advantages, such as broad substrate spectrum, various reactions, high thermostability, wide ph range, and resistance to strongly alkaline environments. however, the use of bacterial laccases for industrialized applications is limited because of their low expression level and catalytic efficiency. in this study, cota, a bacterial laccase from bacillus pumilus, was engineered through presumptive ...201727826721
cost-effective and concurrent production of industrially valuable xylano-pectinolytic enzymes by a bacterial isolate bacillus pumilus ajk.simultaneous production of xylanase and pectinase by bacillus pumilus ajk under submerged fermentation was investigated in this study. under optimized conditions, it produced 315 ± 16 iu/ml acidic xylanase, 290 ± 20 iu/ml alkaline xylanase, and 88 ± 9 iu/ml pectinase. the production of xylano-pectinolytic enzymes was the highest after inoculating media (containing 2% each of wheat bran and citrus limetta peel, 0.5% peptone, 10 mm mgso4, ph 7.0) with 2% of 21-hr-old culture and incubated at 37°c ...201726914524
complete genome sequence of bacillus pumilus pdslzg-1, a hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from oil-contaminated soil in china.bacillus pumilus strain pdslzg-1, an efficient hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, was isolated from oil-contaminated soil. here, we present the complete sequence of its circular chromosome and circular plasmid. the genomic information is essential for the study of degradation of oil by b. pumilus pdslzg-1.201627795249
in-vitro refolding and characterization of recombinant laccase (cota) from bacillus pumilus mk001 and its potential for phenolics degradation.among lignocellulolytic enzymes, laccases are the most versatile, broadly specific, and largely studied enzyme with a wide range of biotechnological potential. putative laccase (cota) from bacillus pumilus mk001 was cloned and expressed in e. coli. in addition to soluble bioactive fraction, inactive inclusion body fraction was also harvested and refolded under optimized conditions resulting in 64 % of refolding efficiency. the enzyme was found to be thermostable exhibiting a half-life of 60 min ...201627771851
molecular identification and nanoremediation of microbial contaminants in algal systems using untreated wastewater.wastewater-algal biomass is a promising option to biofuel production. however, microbial contaminants constitute a substantial barrier to algal biofuel yield. a series of algal strains, nannochloris oculata and chlorella vulgaris samples (n = 30), were purchased from the university of texas, and were used for both stock flask cultures and flat-panel vertical bioreactors. a number of media were used for isolation and differentiation of potential contaminants according to laboratory standards (cls ...201627715467
features of gene expression of bacillus pumilus metalloendopeptidase.features of gene expression of the secreted bacillus pumilus metalloendopeptidase belonging to the adamalysin/reprolysin family were investigated. in the regulatory region of the gene, we identified hypothetical binding sites for transcription factors ccpa and tnra. we found that the expression of the metalloendopeptidase gene is controlled by mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen catabolite repression. in experiments involving nitrogen metabolism regulatory protein mutant strains, we found that the ...201627677556
screening and modes of action of antagonistic bacteria to control the fungal pathogen phaeomoniella chlamydospora involved in grapevine trunk diseases.the antagonistic activity of 46 bacterial strains isolated from bordeaux vineyards were evaluated against phaeomoniella chlamydospora, a major grapevine pathogen involved in esca. the reduction of the necrosis length of stem cuttings ranged between 31.4% and 38.7% for the 8 most efficient strains. two in planta trials allowed the selection of the two best strains, bacillus pumilus (s32) and paenibacillus sp. (s19). their efficacy was not dependent on application method; co-inoculation, preventio ...201627664735
taxonomic identity resolution of highly phylogenetically related strains and selection of phylogenetic markers by using genome-scale methods: the bacillus pumilus group case.bacillus pumilus group strains have been studied due their agronomic, biotechnological or pharmaceutical potential. classifying strains of this taxonomic group at species level is a challenging procedure since it is composed of seven species that share among them over 99.5% of 16s rrna gene identity. in this study, first, a whole-genome in silico approach was used to accurately demarcate b. pumilus group strains, as a case of highly phylogenetically related taxa, at the species level. in order t ...201727658251
microbial degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates with different chemical compositions and their biodegradability.the study addresses degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) with different chemical compositions-the polymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid [p(3hb)] and copolymers of p(3hb) with 3-hydroxyvalerate [p(3hb/3hv)], 4-hydroxybutyrate [p(3hb/4hb)], and 3-hydroxyhexanoate [p(3hb/3hhx)] (10-12 mol%)-in the agro-transformed field soil of the temperate zone. based on their degradation rates at 21 and 28 °c, polymers can be ranked as follows: p(3hb/4hb) > p(3hb/3hhx) > p(3hb/3hv) > p(3hb). the microbial commu ...201727623963
characteristics and complete genome analysis of a novel jumbo phage infecting pathogenic bacillus pumilus causing ginger rhizome rot disease.tailed phages with genomes larger than 200 kbp are classified as jumbo phage and exhibit extremely high diversity. in this study, a novel jumbo phage, vb_bpum_bpsp, infecting pathogenic bacillus pumilus, the cause of ginger rhizome rot disease, was isolated. notable features of phage vb_bpum_bpsp are the large phage capsid of 137 nm and baseplate-attached curly tail fibers. the genome of the phage is 255,569 bp in size with g+c content of 25.9 %, and it shows low similarity to known biological e ...201627619796
single-site substitutions improve cold activity and increase thermostability of the dehairing alkaline protease (dhap).to engineer dehairing alkaline protease (dhap) variants to improve cold activity and increase thermostability so these variants are suitable for the leather processing industry. based on previous studies with bacterial alkaline proteases, double-site mutations (w106k/v149i and w106k/m124l) were introduced into the dhap from bacillus pumilus. compared with the wild-type dhap hydrolytic activity, the double-site variant w106k/v149i showed an increase in specific hydrolytic activity at 15 °c by 2.3 ...201627609316
residue y70 of the nitrilase cyanide dihydratase from bacillus pumilus is critical for formation and activity of the spiral oligomer.nitrilases pose attractive alternatives to the chemical hydrolysis of nitrile compounds. the activity of bacterial nitrilases towards substrate is intimately tied to the formation of large spiral-shaped oligomers. in the nitrilase cynd (cyanide dihydratase) from bacillus pumilus, mutations in a predicted oligomeric surface region altered its oligomerization and reduced its activity. one mutant, cynd y70c, retained uniform oligomer formation however it was inactive, unlike all other inactive muta ...201627586531
bacterial populations associated with smokeless tobacco products.there are an estimated 8 million users of smokeless tobacco products (stps) in the united states, and yet limited data on microbial populations within these products exist. to better understand the potential microbiological risks associated with stp use, a study was conducted to provide a baseline microbiological profile of stps. a total of 90 samples, representing 15 common stps, were purchased in metropolitan areas in little rock, ar, and washington, dc, in november 2012, march 2013, and july ...201627565615
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