| bu-2470, a new peptide antibiotic complex. i. production, isolation and properties of bu-2470 a, b1 and b2. | a strain of bacillus circulans produced a complex of basic peptide antibiotics designated bu-2470, which was found to contain four active components, a, b1, b2a and b2b. bu-2470 a specifically inhibited various pseudomonas species including p. aeruginosa, p. maltophilia and p. putida, but otherwise its antibacterial spectrum was limited to certain gram-negative organisms. bu-2470 b1 and b2 (b2a + b2b) showed broad antibiotic activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including pse ... | 1983 | 6874583 |
| aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic sporeforming bacteria in buffalo milk. | seasonal variation of the population of aerobic sporeformers in raw milk was higher in summer than in other seasons. least variation was in fall, but variation in winter and spring was similar. aerobic mesophilic sporeformers in raw milk consisted mainly of bacillus subtilis (42.5%) and bacillus megaterium (34.8%), followed by bacillus circulans (4.9%), bacillus cereus (4.6%), bacillus pumilus (2.9%), bacillus polymyxa (2.8%), bacillus licheniformis (1.9%), bacillus badius (1.5%), bacillus brevi ... | 1983 | 6886164 |
| generic composition and physiological and cultural properties of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from soil, rhizosphere and mycorrhizosphere of pine (pinus silvestris l.). | among the bacteria studied arthrobacter globiformis was predominating in the root zone, while in the non-rhizosphere soil most numerous were bacillus circulans and a. globiformis. ammonifiers were more numerous among the root zone bacteria than among the root free soil organisms. the reverse was noted with bacteria capable of hydrolysing starch, cellulose, pectin and chitin. | 1984 | 6209931 |
| biosynthetic pathway of 2-deoxystreptamine. | four 2-deoxystreptamine (dos) related compounds including s-11-p, isolated as an intermediate of dos biosynthesis, were supplemented to the culture of a dos- mutant of bacillus circulans. among the tested aminocyclitol compounds, s-11-p alone was converted to dos. addition of other aminocyclitols neither produced antibiotic nor inhibited the incorporation of s-11-p and dos into butirosins. by these facts, s-11-p was confirmed clearly to be an intermediate of dos biosynthesis. | 1981 | 7251504 |
| expression cloning, purification and characterization of a beta-1,4-galactanase from aspergillus aculeatus. | expression cloning has been used to isolate a cdna encoding beta-1,4-galactanase from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus. a cdna library was prepared from mycelia, inserted in a yeast expression vector and transformed into saccharomyces cerevisiae. thirteen clones secreting galactanase activity were identified from a screening of approximately 2.5 x 10(4) yeast colonies. all clones expressed transcripts of the same galactanase gene. the cdna was re-cloned in an aspergillus expression v ... | 1995 | 7788716 |
| isolation of an intermediate of 2-deoxystreptamine biosynthesis from a mutant of bacillus circulans. | eight 2-deoxystreptamine-negative (dos-) mutants were isolated from various strains of bacillus circulans, normally producing butirosin, xylostasin and ribostamycin. these mutants were classified into two groups (converter and secretor) by the simple method of cosynthesis using agar plate culture. one of the cosynthetic pairs, strain s-11, an intermediate of dos biosynthesis, s-11-p, was isolated. this compound was converted to butirosin (btn) effectively by strain 236. the structure of s-11-p w ... | 1980 | 7429985 |
| structure elucidation of an intermediate of 2-deoxystreptamine biosynthesis. | the structure of a 2-deoxystreptamine (dos) precursor named s-11-p, which was isolated by using a dos negative mutant derived from a xylostasin-producing strain of bacillus circulans b15m, has been elucidated as (1 l)-1,3,5/2,4,-5-aminocyclohexanetetrol by comparison with an authentic specimen, which was synthesized from kanamycin a. | 1980 | 7429986 |
| direct sequencing of superoxide dismutase genes from two bacterial strains amplified by polymerase chain reaction. | the nucleotides of the mn-superoxide dismutase (sod) gene of bacillus circulans and the fe-sod gene of aerobacter aerogenes were sequenced by pcr. these sod genes were specifically amplified by using oligonucleotide primers corresponding to the amino-terminal amino acid sequences and the antisense strand primer corresponding to the common amino acid sequence near the carboxyl-terminus among various mn- and fe-sods thus far sequenced. the pcr products amplified from b. circulans and a. aerogenes ... | 1993 | 7764218 |
| structure of the 87-kda beta-1,3-glucanase gene of bacillus circulans iam1165 and properties of the enzyme accumulated in the periplasm of escherichia coli carrying the gene. | the nucleotides of a gene for the extracellular 87-kda beta-1,3-glucanase of bacillus circulans iam1165 and its flanking regions were sequenced. the sequence showed an open reading frame for 877 amino acids, which corresponds to a precursor of the beta-1,3-glucanase. the coding region of 2631 bp is flanked by putative promoter and transcription terminator sequences. the signal peptide was considered to be consisted of 38 amino acids. the amino acid sequence of the mature enzyme composed of 839 a ... | 1993 | 7764221 |
| nucleotide sequence and analysis of a gene (chia) for a chitinase from streptomyces lividans 66. | a chitinase gene (chia) from streptomyces lividans was characterized and its nucleotides sequenced. although the deduced amino acid sequence of chitinase a1 did not show any similarity to those of other streptomyces chitinases that has been sequenced, the c-terminal part, containing both a putative catalytic domain and type-iii-like repeating units, showed a similarity (36%) to that of chitinase d from bacillus circulans. a site of initiation of transcription was found approximately 51 bp upstre ... | 1993 | 7764265 |
| expression of an 87-kd-beta-1,3-glucanase of bacillus circulans iam1165 in saccharomyces cerevisiae by low-temperature incubation. | a dna segment encoding a signal peptide from yeast invertase was fused in frame to bglh gene encoding 87-kd-beta-1,3-glucanase from bacillus circulans iam1165 and was expressed in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the gal1 gene promoter. yeast cells containing this fused gene produced active beta-1,3-glucanase in the medium after a long period of incubation at low temperature. the enzyme produced by yeast was heterogeneous in size, and larger than the enzyme produced by esc ... | 1993 | 7764362 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of the asp-197 and asp-202 residues in chitinase a1 of bacillus circulans wl-12. | the contribution of the asp-197 and asp-202 residues in chitinase a1 of bacillus circulans wl-12 to the catalytic reaction was studied by site-directed mutagenesis of these residues. a kinetic analysis of the purified mutant chitinases suggests the involvement of both the asp-197 and asp-202 residues in the catalytic events of this enzyme, although the effects of mutations of asp-197 were less severe than those of the other mutations. | 1994 | 7765724 |
| purification and characterization of cycloinulooligosaccharide fructanotransferase (cftase) from bacillus circulans mci-2554. | cycloinulooligosaccharide fructanotransferase (cftase) that produces cyclofructan from inulin was purified about 69-fold from a culture broth of bacillus circulans mci-2554 by column chromatographies on deae-toyopearl, qae-toyopearl, hydroxyapatite, and phenyl-sepharose. the molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 115 kda by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration, indicating a monomer structure. maximal activity was observed at ph 7.5 and 45 degrees c. the enzyme was ... | 1995 | 7765973 |
| effect of galactooligosaccharides on calcium absorption and preventing bone loss in ovariectomized rats. | the effects of galactooligosaccharides (gos), a mixture of galactosyl oligosaccharides formed from lactose by the transgalactosyl reaction of beta-d-galactosidase derived from bacillus circulans, on calcium absorption and prevention of bone loss were examined in ovariectomized (ovx) wistar rats. rats fed on a diet containing gos absorbed calcium more efficiently than those on the control diet after 8-10 days and 18-20 days, and the bone (femur and tibia) ash weight and tibia calcium content of o ... | 1995 | 7766023 |
| the action of bacillus circulans wl-12 chitinases on partially n-acetylated chitosan. | both chitinase a1 and d from bacillus circulans wl-12 specifically hydrolyzed the n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidic bonds in 50% n-acetylated chitosan molecules to produce hetero-oligosaccharides with glcnac at the reducing end residues, together with glcnac and (glcnac)2. glcn-glcnac and glcn-glcnac-glcnac were produced as major hydrolysis products with chitinase a1 and d, respectively, but glcn-glcnac was not detected in the digest of 50% n-acetylated chitosan with chitinase d. | 1995 | 7766197 |
| characterization and substrate specificity of an endo-beta-1,4-d-glucanase i (avicelase i) from an extracellular multienzyme complex of bacillus circulans. | an endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanase i (avicelase i; ec 3.2.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from an extracellular celluloxylanosome of bacillus circulans f-2. the purification in the presence of 6 m urea yielded homogeneous enzyme. the enzyme had a monomeric structure, its relative molecular mass being 75 kda as determined by gel filtration and 82 kda as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the pi was 5.4, and the n-terminal amino acid sequence was asniggwvggnesgfefg ... | 1995 | 7793925 |
| x-ray structure of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase complexed with acarbose. implications for the catalytic mechanism of glycosidases. | crystals of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) from bacillus circulans strain 251 were soaked in buffer solutions containing the pseudotetrasaccharide acarbose, a strong amylase- and cgtase inhibitor. the x-ray structure of the complex was elucidated at 2.5-a resolution with a final crystallographic r value of 15.8% for all data between 8.0 and 2.5 a. acarbose is bound near the catalytic residues asp229, glu257, and asp328. the carboxylic group of glu257 is at hydrogen bonding distance fr ... | 1995 | 7857935 |
| production of a new aminoglycoside antibiotic by a mutant of bacillus circulans. | a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, s-11-a, was isolated from the fermentation broth of the 2-deoxystreptamine negative (dos-) mutant of bacillus circulans s-11. the structure of s-11-a was elucidated as 1-deamino-1-hydroxyxylostasin, which contains an intermediate of dos biosynthesis (s-11-p) and has resistance to some aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes. this is the first finding of antibiotic production by a dos- mutant without any supplementation of dos or a dos analog, and could be described a ... | 1980 | 7429987 |
| crystallographic studies of the interaction of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans strain 251 with natural substrates and products. | asp-229, glu-257, and asp-328 constitute the catalytic residues in cyclodextrin glycosyl transferase from bacillus circulans strain 251. via site-directed mutagenesis constructed d229n, e257q, and d328n mutant proteins showed a 4,000-60,000-fold reduction of cyclization activity. a d229n/e257q double mutant showed a 700,000-fold reduction and was crystallized for use in soaking experiments with alpha-cyclodextrin. crystal structures were determined of wild type cgtase soaked at elevated ph with ... | 1995 | 7493956 |
| a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyrate activating enzyme from butirosin-producing bacillus circulans. | an enzyme catalyzing a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyrate dependent atp-pp(i)-exchange reaction has been partially purified from butirosin-producing cells of b. circulans by ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration or sucrose gradient centrifugation and ion exchange chromatography on qae-sepharose. no reaction was found with 4-aminobutyrate and diaminobutyrate. the protein coeluted with groel, which has been identified by alignment of the internal sequence kdgvitveesk. a molecular mass of about 1,5 ... | 1993 | 7506542 |
| isolation and characterization of soybean waste-degrading microorganisms and analysis of fertilizer effects of the degraded products. | two microorganisms which could degrade soybean lees efficiently were isolated and identified as bacillus circulans and b. stearothermophilus. these two strains secreted thermostable proteases into the medium and could digest soybean lees rapidly and completely at 50 degrees c. initially, the soybean lees were degraded to proteins in approximately 20 h by these two strains, after which time the concentrations of peptides in the medium gradually increased. the degraded products from soybean lees c ... | 1994 | 8117080 |
| biosynthesis of butirosin in bacillus circulans nrrl b3312: identification by sequence analysis and insertional mutagenesis of the butb gene involved in antibiotic production. | as an approach to an analysis of the biosynthesis of the aminoglycoside antibiotic butirosin (but), we investigated the chromosomal regions flanking the butr gene (apha4/buta) of bacillus circulans nrrl-b3312, and have identified, by nucleotide sequence analysis, a large open reading frame (orf; butb) upstream from the butr gene. hybridization was detected between butb and chromosomal dna from other bacillaceae that produce but-like compounds (but not from non-producers). interruption of this se ... | 1994 | 7522196 |
| substrate specificity and detailed characterization of a bifunctional amylase-pullulanase enzyme from bacillus circulans f-2 having two different active sites on one polypeptide. | bacillus circulans f-2 amylase-pullulanase enzyme (ape) displayed dual activity with respect to glycosidic bond cleavage. the enzyme was active on alpha-1,6 bonds in pullulan, amylopectin, and glycogen, while it showed alpha-1,4 activity against malto-oligosaccharides, amylose, amylopectin, and soluble starch, but not pullulan. kinetic analysis of the purified enzyme in a system which contained both pullulan and amylose as two competing substrates was used to distinguish the dual specificity of ... | 1995 | 7532585 |
| abnormally high pka of an active-site glutamic acid residue in bacillus circulans xylanase. the role of electrostatic interactions. | the active site of bacillus circulans xylanase (1,4-beta-d-xylanohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.8) contains two glutamic acid residues, glu78 and glu172, which are crucial for the catalytic activity of the enzyme. fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the ionization state of these residues as a function of ph. for the wild-type enzyme, titration of one of the carboxylate groups occurs at ph 6.8. this titration is absent in the glu78-->gln and glu172-->gln variants of the enzyme. thi ... | 1995 | 7588724 |
| 1h and 15n assignments and secondary structure of the starch-binding domain of glucoamylase from aspergillus niger. | 1h and 15n nmr resonance assignments of the granular starch-binding domain (sbd) of glucoamylase from aspergillus niger have been made by multi-dimensional homonuclear and heteronuclear nmr techniques. secondary structure analysis based on chemical shifts, 1h-1h noes, coupling constants and backbone amide exchange data indicates the presence of a well-defined beta-sheet structure. this consists of one parallel and five antiparallel pairs of beta-strands forming two beta-sheets. cis-trans isomeri ... | 1995 | 7588803 |
| ultrastructure of the cell wall of schizosaccharomyces pombe following treatment with various glucanases. | the ultrastructure of isolated cell walls of schizosaccharomyces pombe was studied by electron microscopy after treatment with the following purified enzymes: endo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase, endo-beta-(-->6)-glucanase, and endo-alpha-(1-->3)-glucanase produced by bacillus circulans; exo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase and endo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase produced by schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis. the exo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase had no detectable effect on the walls, but amorphous wall material was ... | 1995 | 7612397 |
| formation of oligosaccharides from lactose by bacillus circulans beta-galactosidase. | eleven oligosaccharides formed by a transglycosylation reaction during lactose hydrolysis with bacillus circulans beta-galactosidase were purified by gel permeation chromatography, charcoal chromatography, and hplc. from the results of methylation analysis, and ms and nmr studies, it was concluded that these oligosaccharides were beta-d-galp-(1-->3)-d-glc, beta-d-galp-(1-->6)-d-glc, beta-d-galp-(1-->2)-d-glc, beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-d-glc, beta-d-galp-(1-->6)-[beta-d-galp-(1-->2) ... | 1995 | 7612988 |
| glucanases and chitinases of bacillus circulans wl-12. | lysis of cell walls of various yeast species by beta-1.3- and beta-1,6-glucanases of bacillus circulans wl-12 was investigated. selective enzymolysis of cell walls of pyricularia oryzae by single and combined actions of beta-1,3-,beta-1,6-glucanases and chitinase was followed. chemical structure of the cell wall glucan of p. oryzae was determined by chemical and enzymatic methods. multiple component nature of glucanases of b. circulans wl-12, their induction and lytic actions on cell walls of va ... | 1995 | 7662290 |
| domain structure and multiplicity of raw-starch-digesting amylase from bacillus circulans: extensive proteolysis with proteinase k, endopeptidase glu-c and thermolysin. | raw-starch-digesting amylase (rsda) is a key extracellular enzyme of mesophilic bacillus circulans f-2 which uses raw starch granules as a carbon source. previous work has demonstrated that there are two domains of the enzyme during digestion with subtilisin, and that rsda activity is selectively inactivated by limited proteolysis with subtilisin, which cleaves the enzyme between these hydrolytic and adsorption domains (kim, c.-h., kwon, s.-t., taniguchi, h. and lee, d.-s. (1992) biochim. biophy ... | 1993 | 7691184 |
| [isolation, purification, and characteristics of the new restriction enzymes bcibi and bcibii, produced by bacillus circulans]. | new site-specific endonucleases bcibi and bcibii have been detected in bacillus circulans. the enzymes were purified by fractionation of cell-free extract with polyethylene imine and ammonium sulphate (40-80% of saturation) followed by chromatography on deae-sepharose, blue-sepharose and phosphocellulose. the endonucleases bcibi and bcibii were separated only at the final step of the purification--by chromatography on the phosphocellulose column. the yields of bcibi and bcibii were 600 and 10,00 ... | 1994 | 7695650 |
| thermostabilization of the bacillus circulans xylanase by the introduction of disulfide bonds. | the thermostability of the 20 396 da bacillus circulans xylanase was increased by the introduction of both intra- and intermolecular disulfide bridges by site-directed mutagenesis. based on the 3-d structure of the enzyme, sites were chosen where favourable geometry for a bridge existed; in one case, to obtain favourable geometry additional mutations around the cysteine sites were designed by computer modelling. the disulfide bonds introduced into the xylanase were mostly buried and, in the abse ... | 1994 | 7700870 |
| characterization of a dna fragment carrying the raw starch-digesting alpha-amylase and salt-dependent alpha-amylase genes from bacillus circulans f-2. | a 5.4 kb hindiii dna fragment carrying the gene encoding raw starch-digesting alpha-amylase (rsda), has been previously cloned from bacillus circulans f-2 and expressed in escherichia coli [kim et al. (1990) biochim. biophys. acta 1048, 2233-2238]. interestingly, when the cell extract of e. coli harboring a plasmid carrying this fragment was incubated with 1 m nacl, it exhibited about 10 times higher enzyme activity than when assayed without nacl. differential zymograms showed two different amyl ... | 1995 | 7705604 |
| site-directed mutations in tyrosine 195 of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans strain 251 affect activity and product specificity. | tyrosine 195 is located in the center of the active site cleft of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (ec 2.4.1.19) from bacillus circulans strain 251. alignment of amino acid sequences of cgtases and alpha-amylases, and the analysis of the binding mode of the substrate analogue acarbose in the active site cleft [strokopytov, b., et al. (1995) biochemistry 34, (in press)], suggested that tyr195 plays an important role in cyclization of oligosaccharides. tyr195 therefore was replaced with phe (y195f ... | 1995 | 7880832 |
| isolation of extracellular 28- and 42-kilodalton beta-1,3-glucanases and comparison of three beta-1,3-glucanases produced by bacillus circulans iam1165. | bacillus circulans iam1165 produces three major extracellular beta-1,3-glucanases (molecular masses, 28, 42, and 91 kda) during the stationary phase of growth. the 28- and 42-kda enzymes were purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant in this study. the properties of these two enzymes were examined, together with those of the 91-kda enzyme previously isolated. the enzymatic properties of the 28- and 42-kda beta-1,3-glucanases closely resemble each other. the enzymes belong to a categor ... | 1995 | 7887595 |
| cloning of the beta-amylase gene from bacillus cereus and characteristics of the primary structure of the enzyme. | the gene encoding the beta-amylase of bacillus cereus bq10-s1 (spoii) was cloned into escherichia coli jm 109. a sequenced dna fragment of 2,001 bp contains the beta-amylase gene. the n-terminal sequences (avngkg mnpdykaylmaplkki), the c-terminal sequences (shtssw), and the amino acid sequences of the five regions in the beta-amylase molecules were determined. the mature beta-amylase contains 514 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 57,885 da. the amino acid sequence homology with those ... | 1993 | 8434930 |
| purification, characterization, gene cloning, and sequencing of a new beta-glucosidase from bacillus circulans subsp. alkalophilus. | an intracellular beta-glucosidase was purified from cell extracts of bacillus circulans subsp. alkalophilus by nad affinity and high-performance anion-exchange chromatographies. the enzyme was active against a wide range of aryl-beta-glucosides and beta-linked disaccharides. the structural gene for beta-glucosidase was cloned in escherichia coli. the beta-glucosidase gene consisted of an open reading frame of 1,350 bp encoding a protein of 450 amino acids with a calculated m(r) of 51,303. the en ... | 1993 | 8481013 |
| cloning and sequencing of a rhodothermus marinus gene, bgla, coding for a thermostable beta-glucanase and its expression in escherichia coli. | a gene library of the thermophilic eubacterium, rhodothermus marinus, strain 21, was prepared in puc18 and used to transform escherichia coli. of 5400 transformants, two produced halos on lichenan plates after congo-red staining. restriction mapping showed that the two clones shared an overlapping 1200-bp dna fragment, which was used for dna sequencing. five potential methionine (met) translational-initiation codons were identified. a putative signal peptide of 30 amino acids was identified with ... | 1994 | 7925416 |
| structural similarities in glucoamylase by hydrophobic cluster analysis. | the model of the catalytic domain of aspergillus awamori var. x100 glucoamylase was related to 14 other glucoamylase protein sequences belonging to five subfamilies. structural features of the different sequences were revealed by multisequence alignment following hydrophobic cluster analysis. the alignment agreed with the hydrophobic microdomains, normally conserved throughout evolution, evaluated from the 3-d model. saccharomyces and clostridium glucoamylases lack the alpha-helix exterior to th ... | 1994 | 7937705 |
| a new class of tobacco chitinases homologous to bacterial exo-chitinases displays antifungal activity. | a novel chitinase gene of tobacco was isolated and characterized by dna sequence analysis of a genomic clone and a cdna clone. comparative sequence analysis of both clones showed an identity of 94%. the proteins encoded by these sequences do not correspond to any of the previously characterized plant chitinases of classes i-iv and are designated as class v chitinases. comparison of the chitinase class v peptide sequence with sequences in the swiss protein databank revealed significant sequence s ... | 1994 | 8012401 |
| purification and properties of a new exo-(1-->3)-beta-d-glucanase from bacillus circulans yk9 capable of hydrolysing resistant curdlan with formation of only laminari-biose. | a (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan glucanohydrolase (ec 3.2.1.6), capable of hydrolysing resistant curdlan, was purified chromatographically from the culture supernatant of bacillus circulans complex yk9 on toyopearl hw-55f and butyl-toyopearl 650m columns. the purified enzyme had a specific activity of 190 units mg-1 on regenerated curdlan. the molecular mass was estimated to be about 70 kda as judged by sds-page. the enzyme had a ph optimum of approximately ph 6.0. it hydrolysed regenerated and resistant ... | 1994 | 8012586 |
| mutational and crystallographic analyses of the active site residues of the bacillus circulans xylanase. | using site-directed mutagenesis we have investigated the catalytic residues in a xylanase from bacillus circulans. analysis of the mutants e78d and e172d indicated that mutations in these conserved residues do not grossly alter the structure of the enzyme and that these residues participate in the catalytic mechanism. we have now determined the crystal structure of an enzyme-substrate complex to 108 a resolution using a catalytically incompetent mutant (e172c). in addition to the catalytic resid ... | 1994 | 8019418 |
| the roles of the c-terminal domain and type iii domains of chitinase a1 from bacillus circulans wl-12 in chitin degradation. | the mature form of chitinase a1 from bacillus circulans wl-12 comprises a c-terminal domain, two type iii modules (domains), and a large n-terminal domain which contains the catalytic site of the enzyme. in order to better define the roles of these chitinase domains in chitin degradation, modified chia genes encoding various deletions of chitinase a1 were constructed. the modified chia genes were expressed in escherichia coli, and the gene products were analyzed after purification by high-perfor ... | 1994 | 8045877 |
| streptomyces griseus protease c. a novel enzyme of the chymotrypsin superfamily. | in this report we describe a novel chymotrypsin-like serine protease produced by streptomyces griseus. the enzyme has been tentatively named s. griseus protease c (sgpc). the gene encoding the enzyme (sprc) was identified and isolated on the basis of its homology to the previously characterized s. griseus protease b (sgpb). the sprc gene encodes a 457-amino acid prepro-mature protein of which only the 255 carboxyl-terminal amino acids are present in the mature enzyme. mature sgpc contains two di ... | 1994 | 8051104 |
| identification of glutamic acid 204 and aspartic acid 200 in chitinase a1 of bacillus circulans wl-12 as essential residues for chitinase activity. | prokaryotic chitinases, class iii plant chitinases, yeast chitinases, and endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidases share weak amino acid sequence similarities at the certain region of each enzyme. these regions have been assumed to be important for catalytic activities of the enzymes. to verify this assumption, three amino acid residues (ser-160, asp-200, glu-204) in chitinase a1 of bacillus circulans wl-12 were chosen, based on the amino acid sequence alignment of the regions sharing sequence similar ... | 1993 | 8103047 |
| the role of histidine residues in the catalytic act of cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from bacillus circulans var. alkalophilus. | our previous study on cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase) by chemical modification implied the importance of one or two histidine residues in the cyclization reaction of the enzyme. based on a computer modelled three-dimensional structure of the cgtase, five histidine residues were chosen as targets for the site-directed mutagenesis. the histidine residues 98, 140, 233 and 327 were replaced by aspartate and his-177 by proline using polymerase chain reaction-mediated techniques. the cgt ... | 1995 | 7873597 |
| nucleotide sequence and x-ray structure of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans strain 251 in a maltose-dependent crystal form. | the cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase, ec 2.4.1.19) gene from bacillus circulans strain 251 was cloned and sequenced. it was found to code for a mature protein of 686 amino acid residues, showing 75% identity to the cgtase from b. circulans strain 8. the x-ray structure of the cgtase was elucidated in a maltodextrin-dependent crystal form and refined against x-ray diffraction data to 2.0 a resolution. the structure of the enzyme is nearly identical to the cgtase from b. circulans strain 8 ... | 1994 | 8107143 |
| antimicrobial activity of neutralized extracellular culture filtrates of lactic acid bacteria isolated from a cultured indian milk product ('dahi'). | neutralized extracellular culture filtrate obtained from isolates of lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus delbruecki ssp. bulgaricus, lactobacillus salivarius and lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis from 'dahi' showed weak to moderate inhibition of staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, bacillus brevis, bacillus circulans, bacillus coagulans, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus subtilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa when tested by the diffusion agar well assay method. the effective mi ... | 1993 | 8110603 |
| isolation and sequence of an endochitinase-encoding gene from a cdna library of trichoderma harzianum. | there are no reports of gene sequences coding for extracellular chitinolytic enzymes from filamentous fungi, even though these enzymes are considered critical to the biological control of plant pathogenic fungi. the purpose of this paper was to report the isolation of a gene (then-42) encoding endochitinase (ech) from trichoderma harzianum strain p1, describe its sequence, and to determine whether it was related to genes coding for enzymes with similar functions from prokaryotic or other eukaryo ... | 1994 | 8125293 |
| primary sequence of the chitosanase from streptomyces sp. strain n174 and comparison with other endoglycosidases. | a 1.6-kb dna fragment from the soil actinomycete, streptomyces sp. strain n174, containing the gene (csn) encoding an extracellular chitosanase (csn), has been isolated and its complete nucleotide sequence determined. the gene was expressed in escherichia coli and streptomyces lividans using appropriate vectors. the sequence was found to contain one large orf which encodes a protein of 238 amino acids (aa). the deduced aa sequence begins with a signal peptide which has an unusual c-terminal segm ... | 1994 | 8125325 |
| stereochemical course of the hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by chitinases a1 and d from bacillus circulans wl-12. | chitinases a1 and d were purified from the periplasmic proteins produced by escherichia coli hb101 harbouring recombinant plasmids carrying respectively the chia and chid genes of bacillus circulans wl-12. hplc analysis indicated that during the hydrolysis of chitotriose, both chitinases initially produce n-acetylglucosamine and only one anomer of chitobiose. 1h nmr spectroscopy of the hydrolysis of chitotetraitol showed that this anomer corresponds to beta-chitobiose, demonstrating that chitina ... | 1994 | 8168626 |
| cloning and characterization of a potentially protective chitinase-like recombinant antigen from wuchereria bancrofti. | while there is no direct evidence demonstrating the existence of protective immunity to wuchereria bancrofti infection in humans, the presence of individuals, in populations in areas where infection is endemic, with no clinical evidence of past or current infection despite appreciable exposure to the infective larvae, suggests that protective immunity to filarial parasites may occur naturally. earlier work indicated that such putatively immune individuals generated antibodies to a 43-kda antigen ... | 1994 | 8168956 |
| alpha-amylase production in lactose medium by bacillus circulans acb. | alpha-amylase production by bacillus circulans acb was studied in various cultural conditions. during nutrient optimisation, it was found that 2% lactose can be utilized by the strain as source of carbon providing better growth and enzyme yields than starch. ammonium sulfate of the basal medium can be replaced by ammonium nitrate for better growth and alpha-amylase activity. the strain demonstrated significant enhancement in alpha-amylase production when grown at ph 6.6. | 1993 | 8172692 |
| [cloning of the gene for extracellular bacillus circulans rnaase]. | the gene for extracellular low molecular weight ribonuclease of bacillus circulans bcf 247 was cloned. the strain was isolated from permafrost deposits of the kolyma lowland. the gene for the ribonuclease from bacillus intermedius (binase) was used as a specific probe. the cloning succeeded only in the e. coli strain producing the inhibitor of ribonuclease form bacillus amyloliquefaciens. selected clones secreted the active ribonuclease into the growth media. deletion derivatives of the parental ... | 1994 | 8183279 |
| primary structure and catalytic properties of extracellular ribonuclease of bacillus circulans. | a complete amino acid sequence of extracellular bacillus circulans rnase was established and compared with a structure of b. amyloliquefaciens rnase. gln15, gly65 and gln104 in b. amyloliquefaciens rnase were found to be replaced by leu, ala and lys, respectively, in b. circulans rnase. catalytic properties of b. circulans rnase were studied. | 1993 | 8224254 |
| the xync gene from fibrobacter succinogenes s85 codes for a xylanase with two similar catalytic domains. | the xync gene of fibrobacter succinogenes s85 codes for a 66.4-kda xylanase which consists of three distinct domains separated by two flexible regions rich in serine residues. domains a and b of xync code for catalytic domains with 56.5% identity and 9.6% similarity with each other, and both domains share homology with xylanases of ruminococcus flavefaciens, neocallimastix patriciarum, clostridium acetobutylicum, bacillus pumilus, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus circulans. more than 88% of the x ... | 1993 | 8244936 |
| [primary structure and catalytic properties of extracellular ribonuclease from bacillus circulans]. | a comparative research of individual peptide structures obtained after hydrolysing of bacillus circulans and b. amyloliquefaciens rnases by the glu-specific staphylococcal protease was carried out by means of mass-spectrometry and edman degradation methods. a complete amino acid sequence of b. circulans rnase was determined. gln15, gly65 and gln104 residues in b. amyloliquefaciens rnase were found to be substituted by leu, ala and lys residues in b. circulans rnase, respectively. catalytic prope ... | 1993 | 8285919 |
| characteristics of an exochitinase from streptomyces olivaceoviridis, its corresponding gene, putative protein domains and relationship to other chitinases. | streptomyces olivaceoviridis efficiently degrades chitin. shotgun cloning of partially sau3a-cleaved dna using the multicopy vector pij702 and streptomyces lividans 66 as host resulted in the identification of the plasmid pchi o1 which harbours an insert of 4.6 kb. in the presence of chitin as sole carbon source, transformants of s. lividans 66 carrying pchi o1 or its derivatives with smaller inserts overproduced an exochitinase which was purified to homogeneity. the chitin-inducible enzyme with ... | 1993 | 8319677 |
| purification and properties of a thermostable chitinase from streptomyces thermoviolaceus opc-520. | a chitinase was purified from the culture filtrate of streptomyces thermoviolaceus opc-520. the enzyme showed a high optimum temperature (70 to 80 degrees c), a high optimum ph level (8.0 to 10.0), and heat stability. this enzyme showed high sequence homology with chitinases from serratia marcescens qmb1466 and bacillus circulans wl-12. | 1993 | 8434929 |
| cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from bacillus circulans e 192: nitration with tetranitromethane. | nitration of tyrosine residues was performed on bacillus circulans e 192 cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase) using tetranitromethane (tnm). a maximum of 15 out of 28 tyrosine residues is modified with 8 mm tnm, entailing a concomitant loss of enzymic activity and tryptophan fluorescence. spectroscopic studies suggest that these two phenomena are related to an impairment of the enzyme conformation as a consequence of the tyrosine nitration. the presence of 5 mm acarbose during the cgtas ... | 1993 | 8484906 |
| antimicrobial activity determined in strains of bacillus circulans cluster. | wild-type strains of the genus bacillus were screened for antimicrobial activity. two strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against micrococcus luteus and were identified as bacillus polymyxa mir-23 and bacillus circulans mir-13. bacillus polymyxa mir-23 was active against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and aspergillus niger, whereas bacillus circulans mir-13 did not show activity against these microorganisms. bacillus subtilis atcc 6633 and b. polymyxa atcc 10401 were used as stand ... | 1993 | 8500778 |
| overexpression of the bacillus subtilis and circulans xylanases in escherichia coli. | an efficient expression system for a low-molecular mass xylanase in escherichia coli has been developed. a gene encoding the mature bacillus circulans (bc) xylanase was designed to imitate the frequency of degenerate codons used in e. coli. appropriate degenerate codons were used to create multiple unique restriction sites for future mutagenesis studies. the synthetic gene was constructed in two stages, both involving ligation of overlapping oligonucleotides. the synthetic bc gene was then conve ... | 1993 | 8518560 |
| secretion of an enzymatically active trichoderma harzianum endochitinase by saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a novel endochitinase agar-plate assay has been developed and used to identify 11 full-length cdnas encoding endochitinase i (enci) from a trichoderma harzianum cdna library by expression in yeast. the 1473-bp chi1 cdna encodes a 424-residue precursor protein including both a signal sequence and a propeptide. the deduced enci amino-acid sequence is homologous to other fungal and bacterial chitinases, and the enzyme cross-reacts with a polyclonal antiserum raised against chitinase a1 from bacillu ... | 1996 | 8598062 |
| cloning of a cluster of chitinase genes from aeromonas sp. no. 10s-24. | a gene encoding chitinases from aeromonas sp. no. 10s-24 was cloned into escherichia coli dh5 alpha using puc19, and its nucleotides were sequenced. the chitinase gene was clustered in orfs (open reading frame) 1 to 4, in a 8-kb fragment of dna. orf-1 consisted of 1608 bp encoding 535 amino acid residues, and orf-2 consisted of 1425 bp encoding 474 amino acid residues. orf-3 was 1617 bp long and encodes a protein consisting of 538 amino acids. orf-4 encodes 287 amino acids of the n-terminal regi ... | 1996 | 8605248 |
| high-yield synthesis of n-acetyllactosamine by regioselective transglycosylation. | the synthesis of n-acetyllactosamine (d-galp beta 1-4d-glcpnac) with very low contamination of its isomer n-acetyllactosamine (d-galp beta 1-6d-glcpnac) was obtained by use of regioselective transglycosylation activity of beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans using lactose as the donor of d-galp and d-glcpnac as the acceptor. the reaction was conducted at 15 degrees c and at ph 5.0. the incubation time was considerably reduced and the yield improved 100% with respect to the best results so ... | 1996 | 8619828 |
| bacillus circulans infection of a proximal interphalangeal joint after a clenched-fist injury caused by human teeth. | | 1995 | 8654440 |
| structure of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase complexed with a maltononaose inhibitor at 2.6 angstrom resolution. implications for product specificity. | crystals of the y195f mutant of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans strain 251 were subjected to a double soaking procedure, in which they were first soaked in a solution containing the inhibitor acarbose and subsequently in a solution containing maltohexaose. the refined structure of the resulting protein-carbohydrate complex has final crystallographic and free r-factors for data in the 8-2.6 angstrom resolution range of 15.0% and 21.5%, respectively, and reveals that a new ... | 1996 | 8672460 |
| phosphoserine aminotransferase from bacillus circulans subsp. alkalophilus: purification, gene cloning and sequencing. | two peaks of aspartate aminotransferase (aspat) catalytic activity were observed during deae chromatography of a protein extract from alkalophilic b. circulans. the enzyme purified from the major peak appeared to be not aspartate but phosphoserine aminotransferase (psat) with a considerably high aspat side activity. the sequence of the enzyme n-terminus was determined, and the psat gene was cloned as two separate fragments. dna sequencing revealed the open reading frame for the psat starting fro ... | 1996 | 8695645 |
| the pka of the general acid/base carboxyl group of a glycosidase cycles during catalysis: a 13c-nmr study of bacillus circulans xylanase. | the 20 kda xylanase from bacillus circulans carries out hydrolysis of xylan via a two-step mechanism involving a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate. in this double-displacement reaction, glu78 functions as a nucleophile to form the intermediate, while glu172 acts as a general acid catalyst during glycosylation, protonating the departing aglycone, and then as a general base during deglycosylation, deprotonating the attacking water. the dual role of glu172 places specific demands upon its ioniz ... | 1996 | 8756457 |
| effects of both shortening and lengthening the active site nucleophile of bacillus circulans xylanase on catalytic activity. | the relative positioning of the two carboxyl groups at the active site of glycosidases is crucial to their function and the mechanism followed. the distance between these two groups in bacillus circulans xylanase has been modified by mutagenesis of the catalytic nucleophile glu78. an increase in the separation (glu78asp) results in a large (1600-5000-fold) reduction in the rate of the glycosylation step, but little change in the extent of bond cleavage or proton donation at the transition state. ... | 1996 | 8756474 |
| broviac catheter-related bacteraemias due to unusual pathogens in children with cancer: case reports with literature review. | among 102 episodes of intravenous catheter related bacteraemias documented between january 1989 and july 1996 in children receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation at g. gaslini children's hospital, genoa, italy, were identified seven episodes due to unusual pathogens: bacillus circulans, bacillus licheniformis, brevibacterium casei, flavimonas oryzihabitans, porphyromonas asaccharolytica, comamonas acidovorans and agrobacterium radiobacter. susceptibility to different ... | 1997 | 9200028 |
| secondary structure and nmr assignments of bacillus circulans xylanase. | bacillus circulans xylanase (bcx) is a member of the family of low molecular weight endo-beta-(1,4)-xylanases. the main-chain 1h, 13c, and 15n resonances of this 20.4-kda enzyme were assigned using heteronuclear nmr experiments recorded on a combination of selectively and uniformly labeled protein samples. using chemical shift, noe, j coupling, and amide hydrogen exchange information, 14 beta-strands, arranged in a network of three beta-sheets, and a single alpha-helix were identified in bcx. th ... | 1996 | 8762143 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of phosphoserine aminotransferase from bacillus circulans subsp. alkalophilus. | recombinant phosphoserine aminotransferase (ec 2.6.1.52) from bacillus circulans subsp. alkalophilus was crystallized at room temperature from 0.1 m sodium acetate buffer, ph 4.6, and 2% peg 20000, using macroseeding techniques. the crystals diffract x-rays to at least 2.0 a nominal resolution. they belong to space group c2 with unit cell dimensions a = 93.2 a, b = 93.1 a, c = 45.6 a, alpha = 90.0 degrees, beta = 106.8 degrees, gamma = 90.0 degrees. a native data set to 2.3 a has been collected. ... | 1996 | 8819175 |
| expression of trichoderma reesei and trichoderma viride xylanases in escherichia coli. | synthetic genes encoding the 190 amino acid trichoderma reesei xylanase ii (trx) and the closely related trichoderma viride xylanases have been synthesized in a two-step procedure. initially, a partial gene encoding amino acids 92-190 was constructed in fusion with the n-terminal half of the bacillus circulans xylanase (bcx). the remaining bcx gene sequence was replaced during the assembly of the coding sequence for amino acids 1-91. expression of the synthetic genes in escherichia coli yielded ... | 1995 | 8829371 |
| vancomycin-resistant bacillus circulans carrying the vana gene responsible for vancomycin resistance in enterococci. | | 1997 | 9248754 |
| enzymatic synthesis of 4-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-moranoline and 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-moranoline by using beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. | a transgalactosylation reaction from lactose to moranoline (1-deoxynojirimycin) was accomplished by using beta-galactosidase [ec 3.2.1.23] from bacillus circulans. the enzyme formed 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-moranoline and 4-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-moranoline as major products, together with 2-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-moranoline and 6-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-moranoline as minor ones. | 1996 | 8829541 |
| isolation of two strains (s-r type) of bacillus circulans and purification of a cyclomaltodextrin-glucanotransferase. | from wild type inoculum of bacillus circulans df 9 which produce cyclomaltodextrin-glucanotransferase (ec 2.4.1.19, cgtase), two different kinds of colonies were isolated, which correspond to the classical s-r variation. from the culture medium of both colonies grown together a cgtase was purified about 50 fold with a yield of 54% in two steps. from pure r-cell culture the enzyme was purified by about 38 folds with a yield of 79% in only one step, showing a complete homogeneity as judged by a na ... | 1996 | 8832095 |
| some properties of a cyclomaltodextrin-glucanotransferase from bacillus circulans df 9 r type. | the cyclomaltodextrin-glucanotransferase (ec2.4.1.19, cgtase) which was purified to homogeneity from bacillus circulans strain df 9, r type, showed a pi of 5.3 determined by disc-isoelectric focusing, a mw of 78 kda estimated by sds-page with a range of ph of optimal enzymatic activity rather large (4.5-7.5). the thermal stability of the enzyme at 55 degrees c was increased 4-5 times when calcium ion (10 to 100 mm) or alpha-cyclodextrins (10 mm) were added to the preincubation mixtures. the alph ... | 1996 | 8832096 |
| comparison of ion plasma, vaporized hydrogen peroxide, and 100% ethylene oxide sterilizers to the 12/88 ethylene oxide gas sterilizer. | the performance of a standard gas sterilizer, which uses a mixture of 12% ethylene oxide (eto) and 88% chlorofluorocarbon as the sterilizing gas (12/88), was compared to selected gas, ion plasma, and vaporized hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) sterilizers that do not use chlorofluorocarbons. the effect of serum and salt on sterilizer performance was evaluated. | 1996 | 8835444 |
| a convenient synthesis of beta-d-galactosyl disaccharide derivatives using the beta-d-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. | beta-d-gal-(1-->4)-beta-d-glcnac-oc6h4no2-p (p-nitrophenyl n-acetyl-beta-lactosaminide) and beta-d-gal-(1-->6)-beta-d-glcnac-oc6h4no2-p (p-nitrophenyl n-acetyl-beta-isolactosaminide) were regioselectively synthesized from lactose and p-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucopyranoside, employing transglycosylation by the beta-d-galactosidase from bacillus circulans and by controlling the concentration of organic solvent in the reaction system. the (1-->4)-linked disaccharide was formed exclusively ... | 1993 | 8348555 |
| recombinant thermostable cycloinulo-oligosaccharide fructanotransferase produced by saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a truncated fragment of the cycloinulo-oligosaccharide fructanotransferase (cftase) gene of bacillus circulans mci-2554 was fused to the prepro secretion sequence of the alpha-factor and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the 5' upstream region of the isocitrate lyase gene of candida tropicalis (upr-icl). efficiently secreted recombinant cftase protein (yeast cftase) was purified. yeast cftase consisted of three protein molecules, each of which had cftase activity (yeast ... | 1997 | 9406417 |
| preparation, isolation, and characterization of novel heterogeneous branched cyclomalto-oligosaccharides having beta-d-galactosyl residue(s) on the side chain. | transgalactosylated products of branched cyclodextrins (glucosyl-alpha cd, -beta cd, -gamma cd, and maltosyl-alpha cd, -beta cd, -gamma cd) were synthesized by beta-d-galactosidases from bacillus circulans and penicillium multicolor using lactose as a donor substrate and branched cds as acceptors. eighteen beta-d-galactosylated branched cds were isolated and purified by hplc. their structures were elucidated by fabms and 13c nmr spectroscopies, and methylation analysis. the chromatographic behav ... | 1993 | 8431940 |
| the raw starch binding domain of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans strain 251. | the e-domain of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) (ec 2.4.1.19) from bacillus circulans strain 251 is a putative raw starch binding domain. analysis of the maltose-dependent cgtase crystal structure revealed that each enzyme molecule contained three maltose molecules, situated at contact points between protein molecules. two of these maltoses were bound to specific sites in the e-domain, the third maltose was bound at the c-domain. to delineate the roles in raw starch binding and cycliza ... | 1996 | 8955113 |
| expression of chitinase-encoding genes from aeromonas hydrophila and pseudomonas maltophilia in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | fifty isolates of chitinase (cts)-producing bacteria were collected from soil samples and tested for their ability to degrade chitin using colloidal chitin agar as the primary plating medium. the results indicated that three isolates could degrade chitin at high ph. further studies also demonstrated that crude cts preparations from bacillus circulans (bc) no. 4.1 could enhance the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (bt-k) toward diamondback moth larvae. thus, it might be useful t ... | 1996 | 8955637 |
| complete synthesis of 3'-sialyl-n-acetyllactosamine by regioselective transglycosylation. | transglycolytic synthesis of 3'-sialyl-n-acetyllactosamine by sequential use of beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans and trans-sialidase from trypanosoma cruzi was described. these reactions depicted the first complete synthesis of a biologically important oligosaccharide with high regioselectivity avoiding use of glycosyltransferases and ndp sugars. | 1996 | 8985145 |
| positioning the acid/base catalyst in a glycosidase: studies with bacillus circulans xylanase. | the mechanism of action employed by a glycosidase is dictated, in part, by the distance between the two catalytic carboxylic acids. in the retaining endo-beta-1,4-xylanase from bacillus circulans, this critical distance (approximately 5.5 a) has been altered by mutagenesis of the putative acid/base catalyst glu172. an increase in the separation (glu172asp) resulted in a 400-fold decrease in the k(cat) value for xylan hydrolysis. by contrast, a decrease in the separation, achieved by the selectiv ... | 1997 | 9047328 |
| purification, properties, and n-terminal amino acid sequences of guar gum-degrading enzyme from bacillus circulans k-1. | a guar gum-degrading enzyme of the newly isolated bacillus circulans k-1 was purified to an electrophoretically homogeneous state. the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 62,000 by sds-page. the purified enzyme was separated into a least six isozymes by isoelectric focusing and the pi of these isozymes were 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.8, 6.0, and 6.2, respectively. the n-terminal amino acid sequences of the typical three of these proteins were all the same, ala-ser-gly-phe-tyr-val-ser-gly-thr-lys-l ... | 1997 | 9058961 |
| enzymatic syntheses of glcnac beta 1-2man and gal beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-2man as components of complex type sugar chains. | glcnac beta 1-2man and glcnac beta 1-6man were synthesized using the reverse hydrolysis activity of beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from both jack beans and bacillus circulans. in turn, gal beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-2man and gal beta 1-4glcnac beta 1-6man were synthesized regioselectively using the transglycosylation activity of beta-galactosidase from diplococcus pneumoniae and b. circulans, respectively. these di- and trisaccharides are important components of complex type sugar chains and will be us ... | 1997 | 9076516 |
| structural study of an exocellular polysaccharide of bacillus circulans. | bacillus circulans, a soil bacterium, produced an exocellular polysaccharide of high viscosity. on the basis of the results of methylation analysis, mild acid hydrolysis, and 1d and 2d 1h-nmr spectroscopy, it was concluded that the polysaccharide has a basic repeating unit composed of beta-l-rhamnopyranose, alpha-d-mannopyranose, alpha-d-galactopyranose, and alpha-d-glucopyranuronic acid with the following structure. [symbol: see text] | 1997 | 9095555 |
| emended description of paenibacillus amylolyticus and description of paenibacillus illinoisensis sp. nov. and paenibacillus chibensis sp. nov. | the taxonomic position of unidentified group 6 of bacillus circulans as described by nakamura and swezey (l.k. nakamura and j. swezey, int. j. syst. bacteriol. 33:46-52, 1983) was determined, and the taxonomy of paenibacillus amylolyticus was reexamined. the results of pcr amplification of a 16s rrna gene fragment with a specific primer and comparative analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences warranted placing the two taxa in the genus paenibacillus. the levels of dna reassociation among the strains ... | 1997 | 9103613 |
| characterization of a monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits pullulanase activity of bacillus circulans amylase-pullulanase enzyme. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) against amylase pullulanase enzyme from bacillus circulans, which hydrolyzes not only the alpha-1,6-glycosidic linkage but also the alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage to the same extent, has been produced by the fusion of balb/c mouse spleen cells immunized with the native enzyme and p3x63ag8u1 myeloma cells, and examined for inhibition of pullulanase activity in order to characterize the catalytic site of the pullulanase. the mab recognizes active enzyme, but not the sds-d ... | 1997 | 9170253 |
| purification and characterization of the d-hydantoinase from bacillus circulans. | a d-hydantoinase (5,6-dihydropyrimidine amidohydrolase) was purified to homogeneity from bacillus circulans. purification of two hundred forty-three-fold was achieved with an overall yield of 12%. the relative molecular mass of the native enzyme is 212,000 and that of the subunit is 53,000. this enzyme is an acidic protein with an isoelectric point of 4.55. the enzyme is sensitive to thiol reagent and requires metal ions for its activity. the optimal conditions for the hydantoinase activity are ... | 1997 | 9170254 |
| evaluation of the cathetron system for recycling angioplasty catheters. | the cathetron (minntech corporation, minneapolis, mn) peracetic acid-based reprocessing method for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (ptca) catheters was evaluated for ability to sterilize and maintain catheter integrity. the balloons and lumens of 42 catheters (140 reprocessing cycles) were inoculated with suspensions of staphylococcus epidermidis, s. aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacillus circulans. five catheters failed the initial evaluation of mechanical integrity and wer ... | 1997 | 9184282 |
| kinetic isotope effect and reaction mechanism of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase derived from butirosin-producing bacillus circulans. | the mechanism of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase reaction, a carbocycle formation step from d-glucose-6-phosphate in the biosynthesis of the 2-deoxystreptamine aglycon of clinically important aminocyclitol antibiotics, was investigated with a partially purified enzyme from butirosin-producing bacillus circulans sank 72073, nonlabeled and double-labeled d-[4-2h, 3-15o]glucose-6-phosphate were used for cross-over experiment, and the oxime-tms ether derivative of the 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose product ... | 1997 | 9207913 |
| single-column purification of free recombinant proteins using a self-cleavable affinity tag derived from a protein splicing element. | a novel protein purification system has been developed which enables purification of free recombinant proteins in a single chromatographic step. the system utilizes a modified protein splicing element (intein) from saccharomyces cerevisiae (sce vma intein) in conjunction with a chitin-binding domain (cbd) from bacillus circulans as an affinity tag. the concept is based on the observation that the modified sce vma intein can be induced to undergo a self-cleavage reaction at its n-terminal peptide ... | 1997 | 9224900 |
| trapping and characterization of the reaction intermediate in cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase by use of activated substrates and a mutant enzyme. | cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (cgtases) catalyze the degradation of starch into linear or cyclic oligosaccharides via a glycosyl transfer reaction occurring with retention of anomeric configuration. they are also shown to catalyze the coupling of maltooligosaccharyl fluorides. reaction is thought to proceed via a double-displacement mechanism involving a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate. this intermediate can be trapped by use of 4-deoxymaltotriosyl alpha-fluoride (4dg3alphaf). this sub ... | 1997 | 9245426 |
| substrate binding to a cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase and mutations increasing the gamma-cyclodextrin production. | bacterial cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases use starch to produce cyclic maltooligosaccharides (cyclodextrins) which are of interest in various applications. the cyclization reaction gives rise to a spectrum of ring sizes consisting of predominantly six to eight glucosyl units. using the enzyme from bacillus circulans strain no. 8, binding studies have been performed with several substrates and analogues. the observed binding modes differ in detail, but agree in general with data on homologous e ... | 1998 | 9738912 |
| galactosyl transfer onto p-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucoside using beta-d-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. | beta-d-gal-(1-->4)-beta-d-glc-oc6h4no2-p and its isomers (beta-d-gal-(1-->3)-beta-d-glc-oc6h4no2-p and beta-d-gal-(1-->6)-beta-d-glc-oc6h4no2-p) were synthesized from lactose and beta-d-glc-oc6h4no2-p, using transglycosylation by the beta-d-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. this reaction was efficient enough for us to do a one-pot preparation of galactosyl-glucoside from lactose. the order of the production of the transfer products was (1-->4) > > (1-->3) > (1-->6) in the initial stage of t ... | 1997 | 9255974 |
| cloning and characterization of the gene encoding a novel beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. | a novel beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) gene was cloned from bacillus circulans atcc 31382. the coding region was 1,758 bp and encoded a polypeptide of 586 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 66,888. active staining for beta-gal showed that b. circulans atcc 31382 produced three beta-gal isozymes. two of these were detected in biolacta n5 (daiwakasei co.), but the product of this novel gene corresponded to the one not contained in biolacta n5. the novel beta-gal showed the highest amino a ... | 1997 | 9301106 |
| bacterial killing ability of 10% ethylene oxide plus 90% hydrochlorofluorocarbon sterilizing gas. | to use a serum and salt challenge in narrow-lumen carriers to evaluate a 10% ethylene oxide plus 90% hydrochlorofluorocarbon (eo-hcfc) sterilant mixture in a retrofitted 12/88 sterilizer as an alternative to the banned chlorofluorocarbon-ethylene oxide (eo) sterilant mixture. | 1997 | 9309437 |
| mechanisms of radiation-induced gene responses. | while identifying genes differentially expressed in cells exposed to ultraviolet radiation, we identified a transcript with a 25-nucleotide region that is highly conserved among a variety of species, including bacillus circulans, pumpkin, yeast, drosophila, mouse, and man. in the 5' untranslated region of a gene, the sequence is predominantly in a +/+ orientation with respect to the coding dna strand; while in the coding region and the 3' untranslated region, the sequence is most frequently in a ... | 1997 | 9368283 |