Publications

a substance inhibiting bacterial growth, produced by certain strains of lactic streptococci.		1933	16745299
observations on some factors in the milk of individual cows which modify the growth of lactic streptococci.		1933	16745178
further observations on an inhibitory substance (nisin) from lactic streptococci.		1947	20248355
phage-resistant and phage-carrying strains of lactic streptococci.		1947	20475771
lysogenic strains of lactic streptococci.		1949	18228809
the relation of calcium and other constituents of a defined medium to proliferation of lactic streptococcus bacteriophage.		1950	14794619
[bacteriologic investigation of certain derivatives of pteroylglutamic acid].		1951	14857682
[improvement of pasteurized milk through living streptococcus vaccine].		1951	14823534
influence of ph on proliferation of lactic streptococcus bacteriophage.		1951	14824082
growth and nisin production of a strain of streptococcus lactis.		1951	14824485
a new bacteriophage active against a lactic streptococcus.		1951	14832208
[variability of lactic streptococci; plicated forms of streptococcus lactis and streptococcus diacetilactis].		1951	14842791
various antibiotics from one strain of streptococcus lactis.		1951	14843161
[bacteriophage and production of cheese; effect of lactic bacteria and other microorganisms on the bacteriophage of lactic streptococci].		1951	14882109
streptozyme, a lytic enzyme from lactic streptococci.		1951	14882292
serological classification of bacteriophages active against lactic streptococci.		1954	13208169
heat inactivation of bacteriophage strains active against lactic streptococci.		1954	13208170
action of bacteriophage on mixed strain cultures. iv. domination among strains of lactic streptococci.		1955	14377379
action of bacteriophage on mixed strain cultures. v. similarities among strains of lactic streptococci in commercially used cultures and use of a whey activity test for culture selection and rotation.		1955	14377380
host-controlled variations in bacteriophages active against lactic streptococci.		1956	13312225
utilization of sodium caseinate by lactic streptococci and enterococci.		1956	13374607
[dispersion of bacteriophages of lactic streptococci in cheese factories].		1956	13407461
effect of acetate, citrate, and divalent metal ions on utilization of sodium caseinate by lactic streptococci.		1957	13437200
amino acids and utilization of sodium caseinate by lactic streptococci.		1957	13437209
[some comments on the system of lactic streptococci].		1958	13570667
[effect of certain factors on the development and biochemical properties of lactic streptococci in milk and cheese].		1959	13827946
[synthesis of diacetyl and acetoin by lactic streptococci].		1959	14427812
heritable changes in lactic streptococci induced by physical treatments.		1960	13851392
domination among strains of lactic streptococci with attention to antibiotic production.		1961	13694748
teichoic acid and the group antigen of lactic streptococci (group n).		1963	14089904
differentiation of streptococcus lactis var. maltigenes from other lactic streptococci.	strains of lactic streptococci isolated from samples of raw milk which had developed a malty aroma were subjected to the cultural, physiological, and serological tests commonly employed in the classification of streptococci. none of the strains could be differentiated from streptococcus lactis by these tests. resting cells of strains which produced an organoleptically detectable malty aroma when cultured in milk were usually found to possess an active alpha-ketoacid decarboxylase, indicating the ...	1963	13949187
[studies on streptococci. ii. on the typing of lactococcus group].		1963	4873690
ultra-low temperature storage of lactic streptococci.		1965	5898730
repression of staphylococcus aureus in associative culture.	the growth of staphylococcus aureus mf 31 was suppressed when grown in association with streptococcus diacetilactis and other lactic streptococci. the data indicated that the initial proportion of staphylococci present in the medium was of less importance than the depletion of vital nutrients. investigation revealed that factors present in yeast nitrogen base medium could reverse the inhibition which was due to antagonism. the major factor found was nicotinamide, and further study revealed that ...	1965	4222452
activity of lactic streptococci following storage at refrigeration temperatures.		1965	5898796
acetaldehyde production by single-strain lactic streptococci.		1966	5952148
effects of additives on the survival of lactic streptococci in frozen storage.	three single-strain cultures, streptococcus lactis c(2), s. cremoris r(1), and s. diacetilactis drc(2), were frozen and stored in skim milk, in skim milk containing apple juice, and in skim milk containing one of the following additives: glycerol (10%, v/v), dimethyl sulfoxide (10%, v/v), l-malic acid (0.5 and 2.0%, w/v), acetamide (0.5 and 2.0%, w/v), or succinimide (0.5 and 2.0%, w/v). cultures were frozen and stored at -23.3 c, frozen and stored at -196 c in liquid nitrogen, or frozen at -196 ...	1966	5953603
long-term storage of bacteriophages of lactic streptococci.	four phage strains representing phages of streptococcus lactis, s. cremoris, and s. diacetilactis were selected for the observation of the effect of cold storage on their viability. phages were stored at 4 c and at -18 c, or were frozen at approximately -70 c and stored at -18 c. they were found to display a high degree of stability with these storage methods. the same phage strains showed good stability to storage at room temperature for 3 weeks after thawing and also to alternate freezing and ...	1966	5970828
thermal inactivation of bacteriophages active against lactic streptococci.		1966	6008383
dry-blended phosphate-treated milk media for inhibition of bacteriophages active against lactic streptococci.		1966	6008384
storage of lactic streptococci. i. effect of ph on survival and endogenous metabolism in phosphate buffer.		1966	5959735
dehydrogenase activity of lactic streptococci.		1966	5973363
lactic streptococcal phage-associated lysin. i. lysis of heterologous lactic streptococci by a phage-induced lysin.		1966	5906153
acetaldehyde utilization by leuconostoc species.	single-strain cultures of leuconostoc dextranicum and l. mesenteroides were found to be capable of utilizing acetaldehyde in both acidified and nonacidified milk cultures at 21 and 30 c. l. dextranicum utilized acetaldehyde more rapidly than l. mesenteroides when the ph of the medium was near that of normal ripened lactic dairy cultures. acetaldehyde production and utilization varied widely among different two-strain cultures of lactic streptococci and leuconostocs. the concentration of acetalde ...	1966	6013211
purification and properties of streptococcus lactis beta-galactosidase.	beta-galactosidase of streptococcus lactis 7962 was partially purified, and its properties were studied. enzyme from only this strain of numerous lactic streptococci tested was stable in cell exudates prepared by various means. cell-free extracts of the 7962 strain were prepared by sonic treatment of washed cells previously grown in presence of lactose to fully induce enzyme synthesis. protamine sulfate precipitation of the nucleic acids and ammonium sulfate precipitation of protein were used fo ...	1967	6025431
acetone in milk cultures of lactic streptococci and leuconostoc citrovorum.		1967	6072274
proteinase enzyme system of lactic streptococci. ii. role of membrane proteinase in cellular function.	the effect of several environmental conditions on the structure and activity of a membrane-associated proteinase from streptococcus lactis was investigated. the activity of the enzyme varied with ph. before storage at 3 c, maximal activity occurred at ph 6.0, but was minimal at this ph after storage. at all ph values tested, the enzyme was inactivated after storage. after storage at 3 c, the enzyme showed gross structural alterations with a concomitant loss of activity. gel filtration and sedime ...	1967	6072329
proteinase enzyme system of lactic streptococci. i. isolation and partial characterization.	proteinase activity of streptococcus lactis cells was maximal at ph 6.0, but after storage at 3 c the minimal activity was observed at this ph. activity lost as a result of storage could be restored by adding glutathione. whole cells were fractionated into soluble (intracellular) and particulate fractions by sonic disruption; both fractions contained enzymatic activity. activity of the soluble (intracellular) fraction was found to be stable to storage at 3 c, but was inhibited progressively with ...	1967	4963446
proteinase enzyme system of lactic streptococci. 3. substrate specificity of streptococcus lactis intracellular proteinase.	the substrate specificity of an intracellular proteinase from streptococcus lactis was investigated in an effort to understand the role of the enzyme in the cell. peptides in which the n-terminal residue was glycine were not hydrolyzed by the enzyme (exceptions were glycyl-alanine, glycyl-aspartic acid, and glycyl-asparagine), but the peptide was hydrolyzed if the n-terminal residue was alanine. the enzyme also showed activity toward peptides containing aspartic acid or asparagine. hydrolysis of ...	1968	5636816
d-leucine as an auto-inhibitor of lactic streptococci.		1968	5682479
growth stimulation of lactobacillus species by lactic streptococci.	cell extracts of streptococcus species important in cheese starters stimulated the growth of lactobacillus species common to cheddar cheese. all lactobacillus strains employed, with the exception of a strain of l. casei, were significantly stimulated by a strain of s. diacetilactis. l. casei was highly stimulated by both a strain of s. lactis and a strain of s. diacetilactis. the stimulant(s) was dialyzable and was partially inactivated by heat. the stimulatory principle was active at 10 c, indi ...	1969	5775912
biological response of lactic streptococci and lactobacilli to catalase.	addition of catalase to milk cultures of lactic streptococci resulted in increased rates of acid production, although it had no effect on cultures of lactobacilli. milk cultures of both streptococci and lactobacilli produced detectable amounts of peroxide, which reached a maximum level in the early period of acid production followed by a drastic decrease as the acid production increased. pyruvate and reduced glutathione decreased the amount of peroxide formed, but had little effect on acid produ ...	1969	16349846
effect of chloramphenicol on host-bacteriophage relationships in the lactic streptococci.	chloramphenicol (cm)-resistant mutants of streptococcus lactis strain ml3 were obtained either as a consequence of continuous transfer of the bacteria in broth containing increasing amounts of cm or by selecting for high-level resistant derivatives after mutagenic treatment of the bacteria. some cm-resistant cells obtained by the first method were also resistant to the homologous bacteriophage. cells trained to grow in the presence of cm developed resistance to some heterologous attacking phages ...	1970	5422302
effect of storage at 3 c on the proteinase enzyme systems of slow and fast strains of lactic streptococci.		1970	5469731
survival and activity of frozen starter cultures for cheese manufacture.	a study has been conducted on the effect of freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen on 13 strains of lactic streptococci. cultures were frozen in droplet form and collected in mesh bags. after rapid thawing, the activity of the frozen cultures was compared with a culture of the same organism of the age usually used in cheese-making. the activities of the test and control cultures were traced simultaneously by continuous recording of the ph changes in inoculated milks. viable counts were performe ...	1970	4917192
mechanisms of lactose utilization by lactic acid streptococci: enzymatic and genetic analyses.	the apparent instability of beta-galactosidase in toluene-treated cells or cell-free extracts of lactic streptococci is explained by the fact that these organisms do not contain the expected enzyme. instead, various strains of streptococcus lactis, s. cremoris, and s. diacetilactis were shown to hydrolyze o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactoside-6-phosphate (onpg-6-p), indicating the presence of a different enzyme. in addition, lactose metabolism in s. lactis c(2)f was found to involve enzyme i (ei), en ...	1970	5429725
characterization of growth stimulants in corn steep for lactic streptococci.		1971	5544292
quantitative ultramicroanalysis of amino acids in the form of their dns-derivatives. iv. some applications of the method. quantitative evaluation of dns-peptide maps.		1971	5002191
a study of specificity of cores fro group d streptococci.		1971	5002808
observations on the conversion of an inactive precursor protein to the antibiotic nisin.		1971	5003248
influence of antibiotics or certain intestinal bacteria on orally administered candida albicans in germ-free and conventional mice.	candida albicans, administered by gastric intubation, persisted in the gastrointestinal tract of gnotobiotic mice for long periods but was eliminated within a relatively short period of time in pathogen-free mice. oxytetracycline administered by mouth had no reproducible effect on the persistence of c. albicans in the gastrointestinal tract of either germ-free or pathogen-free mice. prolonged administration of streptomycin extended the time that c. albicans could be recovered from feces of patho ...	1971	5005314
optimum growth parameters of lactic streptococci used for the production of concentrated cheese starter cultures.		1971	4939272
the antimicrobial activity of citral.		1971	5002370
[nature of some bitter products of developing during preparation of cheeses].		1971	5002243
characterization of growth stimulants in corn steep for lactic streptococci.	the production of acid in milk cultures of lactic streptococci was stimulated by the addition of corn steep liquor. separation by ion-exchange and paper chromatography indicated the presence of four major stimulatory components in the corn steep. some variation was noted in the response of the lactic streptococci to the individual stimulatory components. the four components were further purified by paper and column chromatography. one of the four stimulatory components stained positively on chro ...	1971	5107908
susceptibility of cheese and yoghurt starter bacteria to antibiotics.	eight single-strain lactic streptococci, three commercial cheese starters, and six lactic acid bacteria isolated from yoghurt were examined for their susceptibility to penicillin, cloxacillin, tetracycline-hydrochloride and streptomycin. the ranges of the antibiotics causing 50% inhibition of the bacteria were (mug/ml): penicillin, 0.009 to 0.20; cloxacillin, 0.24 to 2.50; tetracycline, 0.09 to 0.60; and streptomycin, 0.35 to 13.0. the average concentrations required to cause 50 and 100% inhibit ...	1972	4624215
purification and properties of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent d- and l- lactate dehydrogenases in a group n streptococcus.	streptococcus lactis strain 760, a group n streptococcus, was found to possess nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent dehydrogenase activities for both the l(+) and the d(-) isomers of lactic acid. the two enzymes were isolated and purified and were found to differ with respect to ph optima, activation by fructose-1,6-diphosphate, ph and heat stability, and the temperature at which each enzyme was formed in the organism during growth. the presence of a racemase for lactic acid was not detec ...	1972	4340863
stimulation of lactic streptococci in milk by -galactosidase.	acid production in milk by lactic streptococci was stimulated by added beta-galactosidase. both glucose and galactose accumulated rapidly in the presence of this enzyme. glucose accumulation ceased as the culture entered the most rapid period of acid production, whereas galactose accumulation continued. in cultures without added beta-galactosidase, a low concentration of galactose accumulated in the milk, whereas glucose was not detected after 2 hr of incubation. cultures grew and produced acid ...	1972	4621795
[a new therapy against the endogenous factor of periodontosis].		1972	4623170
effect of aflatoxins on microorganisms.		1972	4197365
role of metabolic energy in the transport of -galactosides by streptococcus lactis.	streptococcus lactis (atcc 7962) accumulated thiomethyl-beta-galactoside (tmg) and other galactosides against concentration gradients when the cells were supplied with a metabolizable substrate, such as glucose. the accumulated tmg was free and not phosphorylated. in the absence of glucose, tmg rapidly entered the cell to a concentration equal to that of the medium. agents that uncouple oxidative phosphorylation abolished active transport but not the carrier-facilitated entry of tmg. evidence th ...	1972	4621686
[kinetics of streptococcus lactis metabolism on initial and optimized media].		1972	4633035
preparation of spheroplasts from streptococcus lactis.		1972	4624548
the effect of thioglycolic acid or propanol pretreatment on lysing of streptococcus lactis with lysozyme and salt.		1972	4624552
loss of lactose metabolism in lactic streptococci.	lactose-negative mutants occurred spontaneously in broth cultures of streptococcus lactis c(2)f. instability of lactose metabolism was noted in other strains of s. lactis, in strains of s. cremoris, and in s. diacetilactis. colonies of s. lactis c(2)f grown with lactose as the carbohydrate source also possessed lac(-) cells. treatment of lactic streptococci with the mutagen acriflavine (af) increased the number of non-lactose-fermenting variants. the effect of af on growth and on loss of lactose ...	1972	4625340
growth studies on the lactic streptococci. i. a laboratory apparatus suitable for fermentation studies using skim-milk medium.		1972	4625576
growth studies on the lactic streptococci. ii. the effect of agitation on the growth characteristics of streptococcus lactis ml 8 in batch culture.		1972	4625577
growth studies on the lactic streptococci. 3. observations on continuous growth behaviour in reconstituted skim-milk.		1972	4625578
growth studies on the lactic streptococci. iv. some observations on redox potential.		1972	4625579
antimicrobial properties of natural phenols and related compounds: obtusastyrene and dihydro-obtusastyrene.	factors influencing the antimicrobial properties of obtusastyrene and dihydro-obtusastyrene were studied. both of these compounds were soluble in acetone, alcohol, and olive oil. in water, they were soluble at concentrations of 34 and 53 mug/ml, respectively. the minimal inhibitory concentrations against gram-positive bacteria and yeast were below 100 mug/ml. the compounds were not effective against gram-negative bacteria at 200 mug/ml or lower concentrations. with initial populations of cells g ...	1972	4625626
effect of secondary metabolites on the organisms producing them: effect of nisin on streptococcus lactis and enterotoxin b on staphylococcus aureus.	the effect of secondary metabolites added to cultures of the organisms producing them was investigated. nisin was added to growing cultures of a nisin-producing strain of streptococcus lactis (354/07) and enterotoxin b to strains of staphylococcus aureus (s6 and 243) producing enterotoxin b. one quarter (12 mug/ml) of the amount of nisin formed by the culture of s. lactis inhibited lag-phase cells and lysed log-phase cells. the same amount of nisin added before inoculation or at a time when nisi ...	1972	4625627
[laboratory diagnosis of mastitis].		1972	4628197
[use of the graphic differentiation method for determining total and specific growth rates of lactic acid streptococci].		1972	4628765
galactoside accumulation associated with ion movements in streptococcus lactis.		1972	4629419
heterofermentative carbohydrate metabolism of lactose-impaired mutants of streptococcus lactis.	two mutants of streptococcus lactis atcc 11454 have been isolated which possess an impaired lactose-fermenting capacity; galactose utilization is also affected, but to a lesser extent. although the embden-meyerhof-parnas pathway is the major, if not the sole, pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in the three strains, the fermentation end products of the mutants are dramatically different from the typical homolactic pattern of the wild type. under conditions of low oxygen tension and growth-limitin ...	1972	4629656
[aminogram of streptococcus lactis--producer of nisin].		1972	4630046
[structure of phosphatidyldiglucosyldiglycerides from streptococci].		1972	4630974
[dynamics of the reducing activity of lactic acid streptococci during their development in milk].		1972	4632213
associative growth studies in three-strain mixtures of lactic streptococci.	a recently developed differential agar medium was used to study associative growth patterns in 17 different heterologous, three-strain mixtures of streptococcus lactis, s. cremoris, and s. diacetilactis grown in milk. mixtures were made by combining equal volumes of 18-hr milk cultures of the three species. relative populations of component species were followed through three successive transfers in milk after the initial mixed propagation. direct evidence for strain dominance and compatibility ...	1972	16349953
agar medium for differential enumeration of lactic streptococci.	an agar medium containing arginine and calcium citrate as specific substrates, diffusible (k(2)hpo(4)) and undiffusible (caco(3)) buffer systems, and bromocresol purple as the ph indicator was developed to differentiate among lactic streptococci in pure and mixed cultures. milk was added as the sole source of carbohydrate (lactose) and to provide growth-stimulating factors. production of acid from lactose caused developing bacterial colonies to seem yellow. subsequent arginine utilization by str ...	1972	16349952
casein as a necessary factor in the production of stimulatory material for associative growth of lactic streptococci.	strains of streptococcus cremoris kh and hc produced material that was stimulatory for s. cremoris r(6) in milk and in the dialyzable fraction of milk, but not in the dialysate fraction of milk, lactic acid whey, or lactose broth. the addition of casein to these latter media permitted the production of this stimulatory material to occur. tryptone, peptone, and yeast extract could not be substituted for casein in producing the stimulatory material or in initiating associative growth in the lactic ...	1973	16349955
effect of variations in conditions of incubation upon inhibition of staphylococcus aureus by pediococcus cerevisiae and streptococcus lactis.	the effects of ph, temperature, proportion of staphylococcus aureus in the inoculum, various strains of effector organism, and various strains of s. aureus were examined for their influence on interactions between staphylococci and effector organisms in associative culture. in general, small changes in ph had little effect upon either growth of s. aureus or production of enterotoxin in associative culture. inhibition of growth of s. aureus caused by effector organisms was much greater at 25 than ...	1973	4632847
[study of the effect of amino acids on the biosynthesis of nisin and on the growth of streptococcus lactis using the method of mathematical planning of experiments].		1973	4218855
growth of streptococcus cremoris and streptococcus lactis in a chemostat. production of cells and survival of bacteria during frozen storage.		1973	4202762
[concentrated preparation of streptococcus lactis bacteriophage].		1973	4202477
phosphatidyldiglucosyl diglyceride from streptococci and its relationship to other polar lipids.		1973	4353702
stimulation of lactic acid bacteria by a micrococcus isolate: evidence for multiple effects.	growth of, and rate of acid production by, six cultures of lactic acid bacteria were increased in the presence of micrococcus isolate f4 or a preparation of its capsular material. concentrations of hydrogen peroxide found in pure cultures of the lactic acid bacteria were not detectable, or were greatly reduced, in mixed culture with micrococcus isolate f4. the capsular material was not as effective as whole cells in preventing accumulation of h(2)o(2). catalase stimulated growth of, and the rate ...	1973	4199337
[biochemical characteristics of strains of lactic acid microorganisms used in cheese making].		1973	4633826
[auxogram of the lactic acid bacterium streptococcus lactis strain mgu].		1973	4633827
production of staphylococcal enterotoxin a in blue, brick, mozzarella, and swiss cheeses.		1973	4634171