| gastric ph and microflora of normal and diarrhoeic infants. | the microflora and ph of gastric contents were determined in breast-fed and in bottle-fed normal infants, in well nourished infants with acute diarrhoea and in infants with chronic diarrhoea and protein-calorie malnutrition. the last group of infants was reevaluated after recovery from diarrhoea and protein-calorie malnutrition. a bactericidal ph effect below 2-5 was observed. bottle-fed controls had low ph values and low bacterial concentrations, whereas infants with chronic diarrhoea and prote ... | 1975 | 274 |
| phenomenon of hot-cold hemolysis: chelator-induced lysis of sphingomyelinase-treated erythrocytes. | staphylococcus aureus produces a phospholipase c specific for sphingomyelin (beta-hemolysin). erythrocytes with approximately 50% sphingomyelin in their membranes, e.g., from sheep, have been shown to have up to 60% of this phospholipid hydrolyzed by this enzyme at 37 c in isotonic buffered saline without hemolysis. cooling of sphingomyelinase c-treated erythrocytes to 4 c causes complete lysis of the cells, a phenomenon known as hot-cold hemolysis. the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (e ... | 1975 | 333 |
| phospholipase d activity of gram-negative bacteria. | a phospholipase hydrolyzing cardiolipin to phosphatidic acid and phosphatidyl glycerol was characterized in gram-negative bacteria but was absent in preparations of gram-positive bacteria, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and rat liver mitochondria. in cell-free extracts of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, proteus vulgaris, and pseudomonase aeruginosa, this cardiolipin-hydrolyzing enzyme had similar ph and mg2+ requirements and displayed a specificity which excluded phosphatidyl glycerol and p ... | 1975 | 360 |
| bacteriologic diagnosis of acute pneumonia. comparison of sputum, transtracheal aspirates, and lung aspirates. | | 1976 | 521 |
| current status of treatment of pneumonia. | proper treatment of pneumonia is dependent upon a correct diagnosis. pneumonia may be due to infectious agents, allergic phenomena, or chemical causes. treatment regimens are outlined for the various types of pneumonia--pneumococcal, staphylococcal, fungal, and pneumonia due to gram-negative and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, to blastomyces dermatitidis, and to the parasite pneumocystis carinii. in discussing current concepts of treatment, several well-known methods are emphasized, as well as ... | 1975 | 792 |
| effect of sodium chloride on the staphylococcal growth in milk. | | 1975 | 868 |
| growth of staphylococcus aureus, experimentally inoculated in damietta cheese. | | 1975 | 870 |
| multiple forms of staphylococcal alpha-toxin. | a group of proteins was readily extracted at neutrality from trichloroacetic acid precipitates of staphylococcal culture filtrate supernatants, while alpha-toxin was dissolved and activated by treating the precipitate with 8 m urea, with acidic buffers or by heating to 90-100 degrees c at neutrality. heat activation of the precipitate produced a relatively pure alpha-toxin with a molecular weight of 39,000. alpha-toxin was eluted together with three other proteins on hydroxyl apatite chromatogra ... | 1975 | 886 |
| influence of ph on the heat inactivation of staphylococcal enterotoxin a as determined by monkey feeding and serological assay. | the effect of ph on the thermal inactivation of staphylococcal enterotoxin a was investigated. analysis of heated toxin by immunodiffusion in gel indicated that enterotoxin a in beef bouillon was inactivated faster at ph 5.3 than at ph 6.2. the z values (slopes) for the heat inactivation curves at ph 6.2 and 5.3 were 49.5 and 55 f (about 27 and 30 c), respectively. enterotoxin produced and heated in dialyzed casamino acids medium and assayed by monkey feeding was more easily inactivated by heat ... | 1975 | 950 |
| growth of staphylococcus and salmonella on frankfurters with and without sodium nitrite. | conventional and nitrite-free frankfurters in loosely wrapped packages were compared as to their ability to support growth of salmonella, staphylococcus, and their naturally occurring spoilage flora at 7 c (simulating refrigerated storage) and 20 c (simulating possible temperature abuse). at 7 c salmonella did not grow in either type of frankfurter; staphylococcus and the natural spoilage flora sometimes grew more rapidly in the absence of nitrite, but the difference was not significant. at 20 ... | 1975 | 952 |
| microbiol growth in lipid emulsions used in parenteral nutrition. | parenteral nutrition via central venous catheterization is associated with serious risks, especially that of sepsis. lipid emulsion (intralipidsweden), which may be administered peripherally, was evaluated for its potential to support microbial growth. washed cultures of staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans, and three species of gram-negative rods were all capable of multiplying in the emulsion at room temperature. variations in inoculum size did not affect the growth rate. studies comparing ... | 1975 | 982 |
| the amino acid sequence of neurospora nadp-specific glutamate dehydrogenase. peptides from digestion with a staphylococcal proteinase. | the extracellular proteinase of staphylococcus aureus strain v8 was used to digest the nadp-specific glutamate dehydrogenase of neurospora crassa. of 35 non-overlapping peptides expected from the glutamate content of the polypeptide chain, 29 were isolated and substantially sequenced. the sequences obtained were valuable in providing overlaps for the alignment of about two-thirds of the sequences found in tryptic peptides wootton, j. c., taylor, j, g., jackson, a. a., chambers, g. k. & fincham, ... | 1975 | 1001 |
| light scattering by cell suspensions in normal conditions and exposed to external factors. | the characteristics of light scattering of cell suspensions in norm (ph 7,2, t=20degreesc) and upon external influences (change of ph and increase of tdegree). the turbidity tauapproximatelylambda-n and n=0,2--0,3 for cells in norm. after cell damage n increases. dependence of n correlates with the increase of some injured cells determined by eozin test. alterations of light scattering after cell damage were connected with the increase of deposit of intercellular structure in general scattering. | 1975 | 1100 |
| study of acetyl-coa-synthetase from staphylococcus aureus. | acetyl-coa-synthetase was isolated from cells of st. aureus 209-p. the method of isolation and partial purification of the enzyme is worked out. km values of the enzyme for acetate, coa and atp are calculated. p-chloromercuribenzoate and monoiodoacetate were shown to inhibit the enzyme activity. the enzyme activity is estimated depending on the age of the cell culture and on the presence of acetate in the culture medium. | 1975 | 1104 |
| production and purification of the gamma haemolysin of staphylococcus aureus 'smith 5r'. | the gamma haemolysin of staphylococcus aureus 'smith 5r' was produced on dolman-wilson agar overlain with cellophane. maximal yields of crude lysin with titres of 2000 to 4000 haemolytic units/ml were obtained within 24 h at 37 degrees c in 10% (v/v) co2 in air, on medium adjusted to ph 7-0. the crude lysin was purified 2700-fold (with 75% recovery) by ultrafiltration, gel filtration and ammonium sulphate fractionation. the specific activity of the lysin was 10(5) haemolytic units/mg protein aft ... | 1976 | 1465 |
| the influence of bacterial superinfection on the clinical course of influenza. studies from the influenza epidemics in stockholm during the winters 1969-70 and 1971-72. | during two epidemics of influenza a infection in stockholm 1969-72, 249 cases were selected for a study on the effect of bacterial superinfection. bacterial involvement was demonstrated through cultures and serologic reactions. the occurrence of c-reactive protein in increased amount in serum was significantly more common in the group which had the strongest indication of bacterial infection. an increased duration of fever, and a higher incidence of pneumonia, leukocytosis and erythrocyte sedime ... | 1975 | 1847 |
| relationship between enterotoxin accumulation and the quantity of pathogenic staphylococci in cooked meat. | | 1975 | 1905 |
| microbiological study of gentamiycin. | gentamycin prepared at the all-union research institute of antibiotics did not differ by its antibacterial spectrum and the activity level from gentamycin samples from other countries. by its activity against clinical strains of ps. aeruginosa gentamycin was somewhat inferior than polymyxin but much more superior than carbenicillin. an agar-diffusion method using bac. pumilus ntcc 8241 as the test microbe was developed for determination of gentamycin activity. the gentamycin sulfate complex and ... | 1975 | 2095 |
| bacterial and fungal growth in total parenteral nutrition solutions,. | the most serious complication of prolonged intravenous infusion of hypertonic dextrose and amino acids is infection. frequently, the etiology is fungal rather than bacterial. previous authors have suggested that bacterial survival and growth in the solutions is suppressed by (a) high dextrose concentration, (b) high osmolality, or (c) low ph. this paper presents evidence that proposals (a) and (b) are untenable and (c) is only partly responsible. we call attention to the presence of a factor tha ... | 1975 | 2102 |
| the effect of bile acids and their salts on the lipolytic activity of microorganisms. | | 1975 | 2339 |
| factors affecting the assay of gentamicin by the plate diffusion method. | standard curves were prepared by plotting log gentamicin concentration against zone diameter using a conventional plate diffusion method. results were obtained at varying concentrations of sodium chloride and at different phs. under optimum conditions the range in zone diameters was markedly increased, thus considerably improving the potential accuracy of the plate assay method. | 1976 | 2623 |
| proceedings: the influence of ph on the viability of staphylococcus aureus in the presence of methyl5p-hydroxybenzoate. | | 1975 | 2694 |
| proceedings: the antimicrobial efficiencies of contact lens solutions. | | 1975 | 2697 |
| sorption method of water regeneration for cosmonaut personal hygiene. | the paper describes sanitary-hygienic and technological investigations aimed at development of the sorption method of water reclamation for personal hygiene needs of cosmonauts from wash water. catamine-ab was used as a detergent with bactericidal properties. manned experiments helped to identify the conditions that provided an adequate cleaning of skin and simultaneous sterilization of wash water. the technology of wash water purification was developed, proper sorbents were selected and recomme ... | 1976 | 2804 |
| urine conservation by surface-active agents. | the antibacterial activity of surface-active substances -- catamine-ab, catapine b-300, giph-200 and tego-51 was measured on the e. coli and staphylococcus aureus cultures and anthracoid spores. the purpose of the measurements was to explore the use of the substances as urine conserving agents. catamine-ab showed the highest antibacterial activity. anthracoid spores exhibited the highest resistance to the substances; staphylococci were less resistant than e. coli. investigations of the effective ... | 1975 | 2807 |
| suitability of various nutrient media for obtaining staphylococcal enterotoxins. | | 1975 | 2848 |
| acetyl-coa-synthetase activity of pigmented staphylococci. | in 19 strains of staphylococci a study was made of the activity of acetyl-coa-synthetase reaction. all the strains possessed an active enzymatic system transforming the acetate into an active form. the activity of acetyl-coa-synthetase proved to be much greater in the pigmented staphyloccus strains than in the nonpigmented ones. it is supposed that there existed an association between the acetyl-coa-synthetase and the biogenesis of carotinoid pigments in staph. aureus. | 1975 | 3077 |
| spinal epidural abscess in a five-week-old infant. a problem in diagnosis. | | 1976 | 3303 |
| sperm antibodies in serum and seminal plasma. | the relation between sperm antibodies (agglutinins and if-antibodies) in serum and seminal plasma was studied in three selected groups of male partners in infertile couples with respect to specificity, concentrations and immunoglobulin classes. agglutinins were found in seminal plasma only when they were also present in serum, but there was no strict correlation between the titres in seminal plasma and serum although serum titres were always the higher ones. however, in cases with tail-to-tail a ... | 1975 | 3485 |
| the role of some microorganisms in the pathogenesis of non-specific bronchopulmonary infections. | | 1976 | 3770 |
| significance of microorganisms found in throat swabs (author's transl). | | 1976 | 3776 |
| bactericidal activity and pharmacology of flucloxacillin. | flucloxacillin, a recent addition to the group of isoxazolyl penicillins, was studied in vitro and in normal volunteers. the bactericidal activity of the drug against most strains of gram-positive bacteria including penicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was similar to that of oxacillin and approximately fourfold greater than that of cloxacillin. each of the three penicillins was administered orally to a group of ten volunteers for eight days in a dose of 500 mg four times a day. the mean co ... | 1976 | 3969 |
| in vitro susceptibility studies with josamycin and erythromycin. | the in vitro activity of josamycin and erythromycin against five bacterial species was compared. in general, erythromycin was slightly more active by weight than josamycin, although both agents had a similar range of activity. | 1976 | 4012 |
| neutrophil pyruvate kinase deficiency with recurrent staphylococcal infections: first reported case. | a woman with an intracellular killing defect in the neutrophils had neutrophil pyruvate kinase deficiency. she had had recurrent staphylococcal infections throughout her life. the enzyme present was unstable and its kinetics were abnormal. | 1976 | 4193 |
| cephacetrile, a new cephalosporin: in vitro, pharmacological and clinical evaluation. | cephacetrile, a parenteral cephalosporin, was evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity, clinical pharmacology and effectiveness in the treatment of severe infections. the antibacterial activity against 187 isolates was determined by an agar-dilution technique. the mics were 0.06 to 0.5 mug/ml for group a streptococcus, d. pneumoniae, and staph. aureus, 4-6 mug/ml for e. coli and klebsiella-enterobacter 8-32 mug/ml for pr. mirabilis and more than 500 mug/ml for ps. aeruginosa. a few strains ... | 1975 | 4377 |
| viral pneumonias. | | 1976 | 4922 |
| microorganisms in chronic otitis media with effusion. | a total of 175 effusions obtained from 172 patients suffering from chronic otitis media with effusions was examined for bacterial smear and culture. eighty percent showed positive bacterial smear, but only 49% yielded positive bacterial culture. the mucoid effusions had positive cultures in only 37%, whereas the bacterial culture rate was higher in serous (59%) and leukocytic (64%) types. the isolation of common pathogens accounted for about 50% of the isolates, and nonpathogens accounted for th ... | 1976 | 5041 |
| the interrelationship between the inhibitory activity of milk with different types of beta-lactoglobulins and the resistance of cattle to mastitis. | in the course of the investigation of piebald (black-white) cattle it is found that 17,62% animals produce the aa type beta-lactoglobulin, 49,52%--the ab type and 32,86%--the bb type. the higher inhibitory activity of milk with the bb type beta-lactoglobulin was found which retained in dilution 1 : 32. the total flora of teat, cyst and parenchyma milk of animals with the bb type beta-lactoglobulin as well as enterococcus bacteria were much lower than in milk of cows with the aa type homogenous f ... | 1975 | 5340 |
| gentamicin-susceptibility of various pathogens isolated from clinical materials. | we studied on the antibacterial activity of gentamicin against various pathogens isolated from clinical materials mainly isolated during 1974 and 1975, comparing with other antibiotics. beta hemolytic streptococci, pneumococci and enterococci are less susceptible to gentamicin than staphylococci. staph, aureus and staph. epidermidis resistant to various antibiotics are very susceptible to gentamicin, and no resistant strain to this drug was found. haemophilus influenzae, h. parainfluenzae and h. ... | 1976 | 5619 |
| the tom gibson memorial lecture. the microbiological role of nitrite in meat products. | | 1976 | 5778 |
| microbial interactions in foods: meats, poultry and dairy products. | | 1976 | 5780 |
| bacteriological examinations of bronchial secretion in children with non-specific bronchopulmonary disease (author's transl). | one thousand specimens of bronchial secretion from children with non-specific respiratory diseases have been examined bacteriologically. in spite of the complex nature of acute and especially of chronic respiratory disease the role of bacterial infection should not be underestimated. thirty per cent of the specimens were sterile. more than 20 per cent of the bacterial species isolated from bronchial secretion were pathogenic. relatively frequent was the isolation of e. coli and of pathogenic sta ... | 1975 | 5823 |
| relationship between the antibacterial activity and the acceptor properties of certain penicillins. | antibacterial activity of 2 natural and 12 semisynthetic penicillins against 5 strains of grampositive bacteria was determined and quantum chemical estimation of their molecules was performed with the hukkel method. the data were indicative of the fact that antibacterial activity of the penicillins was connected with the acceptor properties of their molecules. | 1976 | 5946 |
| unusual behaviour of a protein: reversible quantitative precipitation of staphylococcal delta-haemolysin by low concentrations of some organic solvents. | staphylococcal delta-haemolysin is precipitated from watery solutions by low concentrations of chloroform. the effect on this precipitation of ph, kind and concentration of salts, and concentration of, and time of exposure to, chloroform have been investigated. some but not all of the other solvents tested cause a similar precipitation. the haemolytic activity is not destroyed and under appropriate conditions precipitation is quantitative. the dry lysin will take up nearly double its weight of c ... | 1976 | 6395 |
| comparative in vitro activity of cephalosporins. | the in vitro activity of cephalexin, cephaloridine, cephalothin, cephapirin, cefoxitin, cephamycin c, cepharadine and cefazolin was determined against 443 isolates of bacteria. at a concentration of 12.5 mug/ml, all of the cephalosporins inhibited more than 60% of the isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae. at the same concentration, cephalexin, cephaloridine, cephalothin, cephapirin, cephamycin c and cefazolin inhibited more than 90% of isolates of proteus mirabilis. all of the cephalosporins except ... | 1976 | 6411 |
| chemical modification of streptovaricin c. ii the intramolecular aldol condensation of 19-o-acetonyl-damavaricin c and its analogs. | | 1976 | 6412 |
| antimicrobial effects of some bis-biguanides on certain bacteria which occur in connection with acne vulgaris. | | 1976 | 6710 |
| the influence of growth medium on the interactions between bordetella pertussis and staphylococcus aureus. | previous observers showed that many strains of staphylococcus aureus stimulated the growth of bordetella pertussis but we have found the reverse: the growth of all available strains of b. pertussis on charcoal-agar medium was inhibited by a standard strain of s. aureus; and 17 of 18 strains of s. aureus (as well as several other organisms) inhibited the growth of a standard strain of b. pertussis. all inhibiting colonies had an unusual brown colouration on the charcoal agar used in the investiga ... | 1976 | 6798 |
| quantitative and qualitative determinations of the combined effect of tetracycline and oleandomycin. i. in vitro effect. | growth inhibitory effect of combined treatment of tetracycline (tc) and oleandomycin (om), at a ratio of 2:1, on certain species of pathogenic bacteria including drug-resistant ones was examined. by the crossed paper strip method, synergistic effects were demonstrated against 9 of the 16 strains of staphylococcus aureus, and all of the 5 strains of escherichia coli studied. antagonism was observed with none of the strains and with 2 strains of streptococcus pyogenes and 2 strains of streptococcu ... | 1976 | 6805 |
| classification of acute bacterial meningitis cases according to their etiology, seen in a children's hospital in ankara from march 1973 to april 1974. | in a 14 months period, as from march 1973 to april 1974 468 cases of acute bacterial meningitis have been diagnosed by c.s.f. findings; namely by examining the protein and sugar content, by the cell counts, gram's staining and culturing of the sediments of c.s.f. 188 cases were proven by culturing to be meningococcic meningitis. all these cases are from the families living in suburban areas of the city under crowded circumstances, which show the importance of population density in the epidemiolo ... | 1976 | 6862 |
| bacteriological findings in materials from patients with nonspecific odontogenic infections. | the results of bacteriological studies made between 1964 and 1971 by workers at the varia laboratory, institute of medical microbiology on 767 patients treated at the clinic of gnathofacial surgery, department of medicine, friedrich schiller university at jena, are evaluated. the testees (x=275) were included in groups with specific diagnoses, and a breakdown was made according to the detection of aerobic pus-forming germs. gram-positive cocci were detected in 92% of the cases and their pathogen ... | 1976 | 7062 |
| in vitro activity of josamycin against aerobic gram-positive cocci and anaerobes. | josamycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, was compared with ampicillin, erythromycin, and clindamycin in vitro against 25 isolates each of pneumococci, enterococci, staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, and nonenterococcal hemolytic streptococci and against 25 anaerobes including 10 bacteroides fragilis. minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration data were obtained for the aerobic organisms, using serial twofold tube dilutions in mueller-hinton broth. minimal inhibitor ... | 1976 | 7189 |
| immunological studies in acute pulmonary abscesses. | | 1975 | 7514 |
| magnitude of the protonmotive force in respiring staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. | the membrane potential and ph gradient developed across the plasma membranes of whole cells of staphylococcus aureus and spheroplasts of escherichia coli were estimated. the distributions of potassium ions in the presence of valinomycin and the ph gradient across the membrane were determined from the changes in pk and ph observed in the external medium during transition from the energized respiring state to the de-engerized resting condition. the protonmotive force in respiring cells was estimat ... | 1976 | 7546 |
| counterimmunoelectrophoresis of staphylococcal antibody. | modifications of the staphylococcal counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique were evaluated to determine how variations in the procedure affected results. neither a buffer ph range of 7.8 to 9.0 nor buffer molarity of 0.015 or 0.025 when tested in combinations caused appreciable differences. however, use of different agar preparations or delay in addition of antigen to the test slide altered the location of the precipitin band. agarose was found to be more sensitive in determining the serum precip ... | 1976 | 7573 |
| determinants of lung bacterial clearance in normal mice. | the determinants of the lung clearance of streptococcus pneumoniae, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus were studied in normal mice after exposure to an aerosol of viable bacteria and 99mtc-labeled dead bacteria. the fraction of bacteria in lungs that remained viable 4 h after exposure were: s. pneumoniae, 7.3%; k. pneumoniae, 121%; e. coli, 88.5%; s. aureus, 27.6%. the rate of physical removal of bacterial particles (kmc) was determined from the change in lung 99m ... | 1976 | 7575 |
| heterogeneity of cells isolated from rat liver by pronase digestion: ultrastructure, cytochemistry and cell culture. | | 1976 | 7673 |
| development and resistance of staphylococci in bulgaricus milk. | studied was the dynamics of development of 9 strains of staphilococci isolated from humans and animals, kept in heat-treated milk, and their resistance in bulgarian sour milk. it was established that the pathogenic staph. aureus and staph. epidermidis develop will in fresh milk kept up to 7 days at 2--6degreesc and 18--22degreesc. in the production of bulgarian sour milk staph, aureus was shown to be viable, remaining active for seven days at 2 to 6degreesc. at room temperature (18--22degreesc) ... | 1976 | 7875 |
| stability of frozen solutions of cefazolin sodium. | the stability of frozen solutions of cefazolin sodium was investigated in nine commonly used diluents at concentrations of 1 g with 2.5 ml, 500 mg with 100 ml and 10 g with 45 ml in both glass and polyvinylchloride plastic containers. the diluents were: water for injection usp; 0.9% sodium chloride injection usp; 5% dextrose injection usp (d5w); d5w with 0.02% sodium bicarbonate; d5w in lactated ringer's injection usp; lactated ringer's injection usp; ionosol b in d5w; normasol m in d5w; and pla ... | 1976 | 7955 |
| significance of starter cultures for raw sausage aging in view of food and nutrition hygiene. | the authors studied the effects of liquid starter cultures on the survival of pathogenic germs. it was found that the foreign bacteria tested differed in growth limitation which is obviously dependent on acidity and the amount of lactic acid produced by fermentation. since the pathogenic bacteria differ in the ability to survive, it is imperative to observe strict hygienic measures in preparing starter cultures and to use absolutely sterile monocultures for raw sausage ageing. | 1976 | 8718 |
| an improved method for determination of vitamin k. | | 1976 | 9016 |
| antibacterial activity of sisomicin in comparison with gentamicin. | the antibacterial activity of sisomicin -- a new aminoglycoside antibiotic -- as compared with gentamicin was tested on 521 bacterial strains of different species in a serial-dilution test. staphylococci, streptococci, e. coli, klebsialla-enterobacter, indole-psitive proteus strains, pseufomonads, salmonads, salmonellae, and serratia marcescens were inhibited to the extent of 100% at a maximun of 4.0 mug/ml. sisomicin showed a higher antibacterial activity against part of the bacterial species. ... | 1976 | 9099 |
| current resistence situation in a surgical and urological department. | spectrum and sensitivity of bacteria were studied at the surgical (534 positive wound smears) and the urological clinics (7879 urine specimens). krankenhaus nordwest, frankfurt/m., during the period of 1969-1971 and in 1973. the most common organisms identified in wound smears were e. coli, followed by staph. areus, aerobacter and proteus species. e. coli were also predominant in urine, but followed by enterococci, proteus and pseudomonas. e. coli, proteus species and especially pseudomonas incr ... | 1976 | 9344 |
| factors influencing the immune enhancement of intrapulmonary bactericidal mechanisms. | the effect of specific immunization on the antibacterial defense mechanisms of the murine lung was assessed against streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus aureus (smith), serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. immunization by aerosol inhalation significantly enhanced the intrapulmonary killing of pseudomonas aeruginosa and proteus mirabilis but not the remaining organisms. with p. mirabilis, systemic immunization induce ... | 1976 | 9364 |
| bacteriology and antibiotics in acute suppurative otitis media. | one hundred and forty-seven patients with acute suppurative otitis media, were divided into three groups and treated with antibiotics (azidocillin, ampicillin, and cephalexin). the therapeutic effect was assessed bacterioloically by swabbing from the aural discharge and from the nasopharynx on the first, second, third, and seventh day after initiation of treatment. in addition, the concentration of antibiotic in the aural discharge and in the nasopharynx was determined. as compared with other pu ... | 1976 | 9519 |
| defective polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis and bactericidal capacity in a boy with recurrent pyogenic infections. | a 13-year-old boy with a history of recurrent pyogenic infections had abnormalities of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) function which probably accounted for his susceptibility to infection. pmn phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction were normal but glucose 14c oxidation was abnormally increased in resting cells. the patient's pmns possessed decreased bactericidal activity against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. also documented were decreased pmn chemotactic activity a ... | 1976 | 9619 |
| suppression of lytic effect of beta lactams on escherichia coli and other bacteria. | growth of e. coli at ph 5 protected the bacteria against the lytic effect of beta lactam antibiotics typically observed when the cells are grown at ph 7 or 7.5, i.e., the ph values routinely used in laboratory experiments. in contrast, the typical effects of beta lactam antibiotics on cellular shape and elongation and cell division appeared to be similar in cultures grown under neutral and acid ph conditions. the ph-dependent antibiotic tolerance can also be demonstrated with pneumococci, staphy ... | 1976 | 9642 |
| bacterial precipitins and their immunoglobulin class in atopic asthma, non-atopic asthma, and chronic bronchitis. | in a study of groups of patients with atopic (extrinsic) asthma, non-atopic (intrinsic) asthma, and chronic bronchitis, no difference could be detected in the numbers having precipitating antibodies against species specific antigens from staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus pneumoniae compared to suitably matched control subjects. precipitating antibodies against species specific antigens from haemophilus influenzae, demonstrated in this investigation by double diffusion in agar gel, were foun ... | 1976 | 9702 |
| proteolytic degradation of staphylococcal alpha-toxin. | staphylococcal alpha-toxin of mol.wt. 39,000 was degraded at an alkaline ph by staphylococcal extracellular proteases resulting in the formation of three relatively stable intermediates with mol.wt. 27,500, 23,500 and 12,000. the intermediate with mol.wt. 27,500 which existed in two charged forms, was isolated by column chromatography and found to be non-haemolytic. furthermore, it could be obtained by proteolysis of alpha-toxin (mol.wt. 39,000) with chymotrypsin in low concentrations. this inte ... | 1976 | 9775 |
| kinetic investigation of the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of synthetic substrates. | in investigating the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of n-tert-butoxycarbonyl-l-glutamate alpha-phenyl ester, n-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-glutamate alpha-phenyl ester and n-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-glutamate alpha-p-nitroanilide, we obtained kinetic evidence consistent with the formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediate. we found that addition of a nucleophile, such as methanol, led to the partition of the common acyl-enzyme intermediate between water and the alcohol. with n-benzyl-oxycarbonyl-l ... | 1976 | 10162 |
| microbiology of the female genital tract during pregnancy and parturition. | | 1976 | 10196 |
| bacterial interference by oropharynegeal and clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. | anaerobic isolates were tested for bacterial inhibitory activity. of 144 isolates, 102 were from oropharynegeal washings, and 42 were from clinical specimens. thirteen facultative bacterial species (seven members of the enterobacteriaceae and six species of gram-positive cocci) were used as indicators of inhibition. eleven anaerobic species were isolated from oral secretions. all isolates of bacteroides melaninogenicus, the most commonly recovered species, consistently inhibited several species ... | 1976 | 10336 |
| streptococcal sore throat in general practice--a controlled study. | a controlled study was undertaken to determine the incidence of group a haemolytic streptococci and other bacterial pathogens in throat swabs from patients presenting with sore throats. the isolation rate (38-8%) of group a haemolytic streptococci from patients with acute tonsillitis was significantly higher than the isolation rate (8-9%) in a control group, but there was no significant difference in the isolation rates in patients diagnosed as having acute pharyngitis compared with the control ... | 1976 | 10509 |
| the stability of n-pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline in solutions. | in aqueous solution n-pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline (ptc) undergoes decomposition into tetracycline, epitetracylcine, anhydroepitetracycline and ynhydrotetracycline. the decomposition products were identified and separated by tlc and their activity was estimated microbiologically. | 1976 | 10561 |
| acute pneumopathy (author's transl). | | 1976 | 10567 |
| susceptibility of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes and diplococcus pneumoniae to antibiotics. comparison of patterns in poland and federal republic of germany. | one hundred and eighty five strains of gram-positive cocci were tested for susceptibility to 16 antibiotics, including some newer drugs, by agar dilution technique. of these, 100 strains (50 each isolated in poland and germany) were staphylococcus aureus, 55 streptococcus pyogenes, and 30 diplococcus pneumoniae. previous investigations of streptococci and pneumococci isolated in poland and federal republic of grmany, revealed no differences in antibiotic-susceptibility patterns in both countries ... | 1976 | 10702 |
| sport training and some activities of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomes. | the acid phosphatase and protease, neutral protease, bactericidal and mitogenic activities were determined in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmnl) lysosomes of 16 years old boys. the investigated group consisted of 20 intense sport training persons during the last six years, the control one of the same age boys without any sport training. the significant decrease of hydrolase activity has been observed in the lysosomes of the peripheral blood pmnl's of the sport training boys. | 1976 | 10703 |
| in vitro study of netilmicin compared with other aminoglycosides. | netilmicin (sch 20569) is an ethyl derivative of gentamicin c(1a) that is active against most enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus isolates. among 342 clinical isolates tested, all staphylococci; 92% of escherichia coli, 93% of klebsiella pneumoniae, and 92% of enterobacter were inhibited by 0.8 mug or less of netilmicin per ml, but only 78% of p. aeruginosa were inhibited by 3.1 mug or less per ml. most clinical isolates of enterococci, serratia marcescens, and ... | 1976 | 10829 |
| approach to a practical method for screening and identifying microorganism genera from urine (author's transl). | in this study the author reported upon a practical new system for screening and identifying the microbial agents causing urinary tract infections. this system is composed of a combination of 3 screening procedures (ph-value + nitrite-test + catalase-test) and 8 selective culture media for the purpose of genus identification within 24 hours (uripret-g). a total of 130 cultures was investigated. the employed microorganisms were mainly recovered from urine samples. they included the following speci ... | 1976 | 11179 |
| antibacterial activity of ambodryl and benadryl. | | 1976 | 11202 |
| effect of production and storage on the survival of staphylococcus aureus in curd. | the effect of curd production on the survival of staphylococci has been studied. at the begining of the manufacture process favourable conditions exist for the development of staphylococci. their number decreases with the increasing acidity and in the final product they occur only sporadically or quite disappeare, especially when the curd is stored at cooling chamber temperatures. the lactose-positive staphylococci take part in the splitting of milk lactose and the production of milk acid as wel ... | 1976 | 11417 |
| a comparison between co-trimoxazole and amoxycillin in the treatment of acute otitis media in general practice. | | 1976 | 11457 |
| on the effect of particulate airborne substances on various micro-organisms (author's transl). | experimental studies on the reaction of micro-organisms on fine-dust filters (type c) and high-efficiency particulate air filters (type r and s) have shown no evidence of a growth of microorganisms. therefore efforts were aimed at detecting antimicrobial factors which were supposed to exist in the precipitated acidic continental aerosol. with this in mind, air filters from different locations and with service times were extracted in water and the extract was tested for its antimicrobial effects. ... | 1976 | 11621 |
| a simple procedure for the purification of staphylococcal alpha-toxin. | staphylococcal alpha-toxin was produced in a fluid medium based on acid hydrolysed casein using strain wood 46. alpha-toxin and several other proteins were precipitated from bacteria-free culture supernatants by heating at 60 degrees c for 20 min. the process was influenced by the ph of the solution. the toxin was completely inactivated and the precipitate contained a number of proteins if the ph of the solution was adjusted to 4.0-5.0. heat precipitation of solutions having a ph of 6.0-7.0 resu ... | 1976 | 11636 |
| synthesis of staphylococcal enterotoxin a and nuclease under controlled fermentor conditions. | the production of enterotoxin a and nuclease by staphylococcus aureus strain 100 was studied in a 1.0-liter fermentor. the effects of the gas flow rate, ph, and dissolved oxygen were evaluated. toxin and nuclease secretion occurred under all conditions which permitted growth of the organism. final yields of toxin and nuclease in cultures grown at constant air flow rates, ranging from 50 to 500 cm3 per min, were higher at successively higher flow rates. an optimum flow rate for either toxin or nu ... | 1976 | 11744 |
| the question of specificity in binding human igg subclasses to protein a-sepharose. | | 1976 | 12109 |
| microbicidal mechanisms of human granulocytes: synergistic effects of granulocyte elastase and myeloperoxidase or chymotrypsin-like cationic protein. | the antibacterial activity of a myeloperoxidase (mpo)-glucose oxidase system was found to be greatly increased by granulocyte elastase, present in azurophil granules of human neutrophils. the mpo-h2o3-mediated killing of both escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was potentiated by granuocyte elastase at an acid ph, whereas at ph 7.4 only killing of e. coli was potentiated. the potentiating effect of elastase was not dependent on the enzymatic properties of the protein since it was not abol ... | 1976 | 12111 |
| effects of staphylococcal products on locomotion and chemotaxis of human blood neutrophils and monocytes. | the effects of staphylococcal products as chemo-attractants for human blood neutrophils and monocytes and as inhibitors of locomotion of these cells were studied with bacterial cells, culture filtrates and isoelectrically focused fractions from culture filtrates of nine strains of staphylococcus aureus. little direct chemotactic activity of staphylococcal products for neutrophils was observed, although a chloroform-soluble extract of the whole organisms contained such activity. the major chemota ... | 1976 | 12369 |
| antimicrobial activity of tibezonium (tbz). | the activity in vitro of tibezonium (rec 15-0691), a new 1,5-benzodiazepine derivative, has been investigated. the drug was found active especially against streptococcus, diplococcus and corynebacterium strains which are agents of oropharyngeal diseases. the activity of tibezonium was ph dependent against staphylococcus aureus sg 511 and streptococcus pyogenes 821 (at ph 8.0-8.5 it was more active) and the presence of horse serum provoked a small decrease of the antimicrobial properties. no inte ... | 1977 | 12928 |
| production and detection of staphylococcal elastase. | the optimum conditions were determined for the production and detection of staphylococcal elastase from staphylococcus epidermidis. optimum production and recovery took place when the dialysis membrane technique was utilized with brain heart infusion agar incubated for 44 h under 15% co2 and harvested in physiological saline. near-optimal production took place by 28 h, and this was found more useful for routine use. incorporation of elastin into the culture medium or the inoculum did not result ... | 1977 | 13041 |
| microbial acetylation of m factor of virginiamycin. | the m component of virginiamycin was found to be modified by whole cells or cell-free enzyme preparations of a staphylococcus aureus strain. it was shown that this reaction proceeds by enzymatic acetylation of the secondary alcoholic function of the molecule, followed by a rapid chemical degradation of the o-acetylated product. | 1976 | 13056 |
| ccomparative clinical and microbial characteristics of various forms of pneumonia. | | 1976 | 13506 |
| bacteriological examination of sputum (author's transl). | the aa., emphasizing the importance of ascertain the bronchial source of microorganisms recoverable from sputum, recommend for this purpose the use of properly collected sputum specimens and the application of washing treatment for mucopurulent materials. the aim of the present study has been to verify the effectiveness of mechanical apparatus to homogenize sputum without affecting the viability of resident microorganisms and the usefulness of prior microscopical examination to establish the rat ... | 1976 | 13741 |
| study on the viscolytic activity of the sputum (author's transl). | several mucolytic agents were evaluated on sputum for testing their viscolytic activity and the bacterial tollerance to each of them. proteolytic enzymes (trypsin, pepsin, papain, pancreatin), kj, and dithiothreitol (or its derivatives) were better tollerated by common respiratory pathogens (h. influenzae, d. pneumoniae, klebsiella, etc.) than other mucolytic agents, as acetil-cysteine, cisteamine-hcl, tension active substances, mercaptoethanol, and others. the dithiothreitol showed also one of ... | 1976 | 13742 |
| aerobic flora examination of sputum (author's transl). | the routine bacteriological test of expectorate, except for mycobacteria, is usually unsatisfactory. there is a need of standardization which results in the present paper from a comparison between the data obtained by two different laboratories on the same samples. it is possible to achieve reasonable and uniform results establishing a uniformity of some procedures, namely; collection of specimens, homogenization, number and type of media, interpretation of data and so on. | 1976 | 13743 |
| resistance to antibiotics of bacteria involved in respiratory infections (author's transl). | the present status of resistance to antibiotics of bacteria involved in respiratory infections is reviewed. schematically it can outlined as follows. streptococcus b-haemolyticus as well as pneumococcus did not change their sensitivity to penicillin, but some strains are now resistant to tetracycline. streptococcus viridans, enterococcus and h. influenzae did not change substantially their sensitivity to antibiotics. staphylococcus aureus is the bacterial species that always poses some problems ... | 1976 | 13744 |
| bacteriological evaluation of clindamycin-2-phosphate (author's transl). | clindamycin-2-phosphate, a newly developed injectable antibiotic, was bacteriologically evaluated in comparison with the parent compound, clindamycin. clindamycin-2-phosphate has a rather weak antibacterial activity. however, it is metabolized into clindamycin in vivo. and this parent compound shows strong activity against both gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative cocci. in vitro studies demonstrated that clindamycin-2-phosphate and clindamycin are affected by the ph of the medium used--the ... | 1977 | 14268 |
| use of clindamycin-2-phosphate in ophthalmology (author's transl). | clindamycin-2-phosphate was studied to evaluate its possible use in ophthalmology. 1. sensitivity of organisms isolated from human clinical materials: of 44 staphylococcal strains in vitro studied 13 were highly sensitive to 0.1 mug/ml and 28 were resistant to 100 mug/ml or more of clindamycin-2-phosphate. 2. in experiments with rabbits, clindamycin-2-phosphate showed superior penetration into the ocular tissues after intravenous injection than after intramuscular injection. 3. clindamycin-2-pho ... | 1977 | 14269 |
| bacteriolysis by immobilized enzymes. | bacteriolytic enzymes produced by achromobacter lunatus were immobilized in collagen membrane. intact bacteria such as pseudomonas solanacearum, xanthomonas oryzae, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were lyzed with the bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane. relative activity of the bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane against pseu. solanacearum was about 2% of that of native bacteriolytic enzymes. no difference in the optimum ph was observed between immobilized enzymes and nat ... | 1977 | 14747 |
| la culture cellulaire en phase gazeuse. un nouveau modèle expérimental d'étude in vitro des activités des macrophages alvéolaires. | alveolar macrophages, collected by bronchopulmonary lavage and deposited on a membrane filter applied to the surface of a reservoir filled with nutrient medium, were maintained alive in direct contact with the atmosphere. studies of morphology (using both optic and electron microscopy), of bactericidal activity and of atp content confirmed the viability and vitality of the cell culture. this new experimental technique permits the in vitro reconstitution of the alveolar and bronchial microenviron ... | 1977 | 14757 |