| [biological assay of chloramphenicol palmitate]. | | 1966 | 6003406 |
| [bacteriological and virological data on amniotic infection]. | | 1966 | 6011991 |
| carotenoid pigments and photokilling by acridine orange. | | 1967 | 6020421 |
| studies on the endogenous metabolism and senescence of starved sarcina lutea. | 1. when washed suspensions of sarcina lutea are starved aerobically in phosphate buffer at the growth temperature of 37 degrees , the rate of endogenous oxygen consumption decreases to very low values after 10hr., although many of the cells survive for 40hr. if starvation is prolonged further, the bacteria die at a rate of approximately 1.5% of the initial viable population per hour. 2. oxidation of intracellular free amino acids accounts for most of the observed endogenous oxygen uptake but rna ... | 1967 | 6030287 |
| identity of the c-50-carotenoid dehydrogenans-p439 and sarcinaxanthin. | | 1967 | 6032832 |
| independent measurement of ampicillin and cloxacillin in mixtures. | a simplified method of assaying mixtures of ampicillin and cloxacillin is presented. the method consists of cylinder-plate assays of appropriately diluted samples in three assay systems in which: (i) cloxacillin is measured, utilizing agar seeded with a penicillinase-producing staphylococcus aureus; (ii) ampicillin is measured after the greatest dilution practicable, by use of agar seeded with sarcina lutea; and (iii) the proportion of activity found in the second assay that remains after treatm ... | 1967 | 6035040 |
| crystalline tyramine oxidase from sarcina lutea. | | 1967 | 6035116 |
| effects of diphenylamine on carotenoids and menaquinones in bacterial membranes. | | 1967 | 6037354 |
| identification of fatty acids and aliphatic hydrocarbons in sarcina lutea by gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | the composition and nature of the fatty acids and hydrocarbons of sarcina lutea were elucidated by gas chromatography and by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the distribution of fatty acids found in s. lutea showed two families of pairs, or dyads, of saturated monocarboxylic acids (c12-c18) with and without methyl branching. these pairs of fatty acids showed a pattern of iso and anteiso structures for c13, c15, and c17, and iso and normal structures for c12, c14, and c16. only the ... | 1967 | 6039356 |
| fatty acid and aliphatic hydrocarbon composition of sarcina lutea grown in three different media. | sarcina lutea was grown in trypticase soy broth, nutrient broth, and a chemically defined medium. gas chromatographic analysis of lipid components demonstrated that the composition of the medium had an effect on the relative per cent composition of the aliphatic hydrocarbons and fatty acids present in the cells. the branched olefinic hydrocarbons from the organisms grown in trypticase soy broth showed no predominance or only a slight predominance of odd-numbered carbon chains, whereas the hydroc ... | 1967 | 6039357 |
| 14-c incorporation into the fatty acids and aliphatic hydrocarbons of sarcina lutea. | an initial investigation into the mechanism of hydrocarbon biosynthesis in sarcina lutea was performed by measuring the amounts of (14)c incorporated into the hydrocarbons and fatty acids by use of a combination gas chromatograph and high-temperature gas-flow ionization apparatus. uniformly labeled l-isoleucine-(14)c was predominantly incorporated into the anteiso-branched chains. palmitate-16-(14)c gave evidence that a direct correlation may exist between the nonpolar end of the palmitate and t ... | 1967 | 6039358 |
| [ultrastructure of intracytoplasmatic membrane systems in sarcina lutea cells]. | | 1967 | 6040994 |
| taxonomy of sarcina on the basis of their dna base composition. | | 1967 | 6049226 |
| nature, characteristics, and proteolytic properties of beef spoilage bacteria at low and high temperatures. | | 1967 | 6049311 |
| taxonomy of psychrophilic strains of bacillus. | the morphological and physiological characteristics of 20 isolates of psychrophilic bacillus were compared with 29 strains representing nine species of mesophilic bacillus and 2 strains of sporosarcina ureae to determine the taxonomic position of the psychrophiles. the psychrophiles formed four distinct groups which were sufficiently different from the mesophiles to warrant their designation as new species of bacillus. the names b. psychrosaccharolyticus, b. insolitus, b. globisporus, and b. psy ... | 1967 | 6051360 |
| lincomycin. vii. 4'-depropyl-4'-ethoxylincomycins. | | 1967 | 6056049 |
| aminoacyl-trna synthetases from sarcina lutea. | | 1967 | 6060468 |
| properties of a methionyl-trna synthetase from sarcina lutea. | | 1967 | 6060469 |
| numerical taxonomy of some named bacterial cultures. | | 1967 | 6064342 |
| the pigments of sarcina flava: a new series of c50 carotenoids. | | 1967 | 6064442 |
| analysis and comparison of the carotenoids of sarcina flava and s. lutea. | | 1967 | 6064446 |
| nucleosides. xxxvii. 5,6-substituted 5-fluorodihydropyrimidines and their 2'-deoxyribonucleosides. | | 1967 | 6067776 |
| malate dehydrogenases. i. a survey of molecular size measured by gel filtration. | | 1967 | 6069046 |
| the rate of evolutionary divergence of initiation factors if2 and if3 in various bacterial species determined quantitatively by immunoblotting. | antibodies to escherichia coli translational initiation factors if2 and if3 were used for an immunological comparison of unpurified proteins from the following genera: salmonella, serratia, proteus, aeromonas, pseudomonas, streptococcus, sarcina and bacillus. immunological relatedness was compared by ouchterlony double diffusion experiments and immunoblotting analysis. immunoblotting is a quantitative technique for measuring levels of specific proteins in crude cell lysates. we have used this te ... | 1984 | 6084987 |
| structure of the principal carotenoid pigment of cellulomonas biazotea. | the yellow-pigmented cellulomonas biazotea, atcc 486, contains a mixture of carotenoids. the principal compound is a decapreno carotenoid (c50h72o2) tentatively characterized as 2,2'-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl)-gamma,gamma-carotene on the basis of electronic absorption, infrared, proton magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometries. the carotenoid is presumed to be identical to sarcinaxanthin from sarcina lutea pro-synon. micrococcus luteus and, therefore, is isomeric with decaprenoxanthin f ... | 1980 | 6245065 |
| comparison of methods available for assay of chloramphenicol in clinical specimens. | eight methods for the assay of chloramphenicol in clinical samples were compared with our own modification of a plate diffusion technique using sarcina lutea and yeast extract agar. six of the eight methods were less sensitive than originally reported, and five of them were considered unsuitable for use in clinical microbiology practice. the remaining three methods together with the s. lutea/yeast extract modification were used to assay chloramphenicol in 20 samples of serum. twenty samples of c ... | 1980 | 6249858 |
| [kinetic and clinical studies on a new cephalosporin: cefotiam]. | kinetic and clinical evaluation of cefotiam, a new cephalosporin, is reported. it was found that the drug is rapidly distributed to the tissues. equilibrium between tissues and plasma is reached in about an hour. some 90-91% of the dose administered is excreted in the urine, and accumulation does not occur. a clinical cure was obtained in 27 of a series of 35 patients (77.1%). improvement was observed in 7 cases (20%). the antibiotic proved ineffective in the remaining cases (2.8%). tolerance wa ... | 1982 | 6289193 |
| survey, purification, and properties of sugar phosphate phosphohydrolase among microorganisms. | sugar phosphate phosphohydrolase was purified approximately 500- to 600-fold to apparent homogeneity from escherichia coli b, escherichia coli c, escherichia coli var. communior, escherichia acidilactici, enterobacter aerogenes, neisseria meningitidis, and saccharomyces cereviseae. the molecular weights of the enzyme as estimated by gel filtration ranged from 97 x 10(3) to 101 x 10(3). the enzyme was composed of two subunits with the same molecular weight which ranged from 50 x 10(3) to 52 x 10( ... | 1983 | 6322944 |
| production of a macromomycin (mcr)-monoclonal antibody conjugate and its biological activity. | macromomycin (mcr), an unique membrane-reactive anticancer antibiotic, was incubated with murine monoclonal anti-hla igg1 antibody (h-1) in the presence of carbodiimide. the resulting mixture was fractionated with a sephadex g-200 column. the first and second fractions were shown to contain mcr-(h-1) conjugate by the elution profile, as well as by the sarcina lutea growth inhibition assay and ouchterlony double-diffusion method. a membrane immunofluorescence test with anti-mcr and anti-mouse igg ... | 1984 | 6375268 |
| molecular properties of succinate dehydrogenase isolated from micrococcus luteus (lysodeikticus). | succinate dehydrogenase (ec 1.3.99.1) of micrococcus luteus was selectively precipitated from triton x-100-solubilized membranes by using specific antiserum. the precipitated enzyme contained equimolar amounts of four polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 72,000, 30,000, 17,000, and 15,000. the 72,000 polypeptide possessed a covalently bound flavin prosthetic group and appeared to be strongly antigenic as judged by immunoprinting experiments. low-temperature absorption spectroscopy rev ... | 1983 | 6402500 |
| salt and base sequence specific changes in the chiroptical properties of dna. | chiroptical properties of natural dna molecules differing in base composition were studied in solutions with high concentrations of monovalent sodium and caesium salts. it was found that the properties were dependent on the dna base sequence and nature of both cations and anions. a comparison with the behaviour of the synthetic molecules of dna demonstrated that the salt-induced changes in the natural molecules of dna could not be accounted for by the appearance of the left-handed z conformation ... | 1984 | 6434373 |
| [effect of the methods of levamisole administration on selected elements of cellular immunity in guinea pigs]. | | 1984 | 6443815 |
| lymphotropic accumulation of an antitumor antibiotic protein, neocarzinostatin. | | 1980 | 6446456 |
| comparison of bone levels after intramuscular administration of cephradine ('velosef') or flucloxacillin/ampicillin in hip replacement. | serum and bone levels of antibiotics were measured after the intramuscular injection of either 1 g cephradine or 500 mg flucloxacillin plus 500 mg ampicillin in 48 patients undergoing total hip replacement. the results showed that both regimens produced adequate blood levels, but that the levels after cephradine were higher and more prolonged. bone levels of cephradine were significantly higher than for flucloxacillin or ampicillin. in half of the patients studied, flucloxacillin bone levels wer ... | 1984 | 6463064 |
| penicillin compliance in splenectomized thalassemics. | compliance with penicillin prophylaxis after splenectomy was studied in 42 thalassemic children and adolescents. urine samples were tested five times per patient for the presence of penicillin by the sarcina lutea inhibition test. only 7% of patients were found to be absolute noncompliers, while an additional 14% had a compliance considered to be insufficient. noncompliers tended to have been splenectomized more than 5 years before, while couples of affected siblings were uniformly full-complier ... | 1984 | 6468437 |
| [fractionation of carbon isotopes by a methane-forming sarcina]. | | 1984 | 6479008 |
| contamination of irrigation solutions in an operating theatre. | sterile irrigation solution, used in open systems in a conventional orthopedic operating theatre, were examined for bacterial contamination. at the end of 13 of 21 operations (duration greater than or equal to one hour) the solution tested displayed the growth of staphylococcus epidermidis and/or diphtheroid rods and/or other species. it is concluded that irrigation by solutions, kept in open bowls during an operation, is a potential source of contamination. | 1984 | 6564086 |
| n-nitrosophenacetin: its synthesis, characterization, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity. | reaction of phenacetin (cas: 62-44-2; p-acetophenetidide) with nitrous fumes (n2o3) in glacial acetic acid at 0-5 degrees c yields n-nitrosophenacetin (np), 2-nitrophenacetin, n-nitroso-2-nitrophenacetin (nnp), and other compounds. both np and nnp are fairly stable at low temperature (-30 degrees c) but extremely labile at ambient temperature. np (median lethal dose to sprague-dawley rat: 21 mg/kg body wt) is 80 times more toxic than its parent compound phenacetin and is directly mutagenic to ba ... | 1984 | 6584662 |
| [antimicrobial activity in tissues of swine following subcutaneous administration of turimycin]. | | 1983 | 6651444 |
| antibacterial activity of wratizolin. | wratizolin in the concentration of 1-10 micrograms/ml was found to inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria such as: staphylococcus, streptococcus, sarcina, corynebacterium, and some representatives of aerobic bacilli. gram-negative bacteria of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas were not sensitive to wratizolin even in the concentration of 100 micrograms/ml. | 1983 | 6675569 |
| a note on the temperature tolerance of legionella. | a strain of legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolated from the environment had a decimal reduction time in water at 50 degrees c (d50) of 111 min, a d54 of 27 min and a d58 of 6 min. there was little loss of viability at 46 degrees c. other environmental organisms, a pseudomonas sp., a micrococcus sp. and a coliform survived less well at these temperatures. a species of sarcina had a survival time greater than the l. pneumophila at all the temperatures tested. other strains of legionellas were ... | 1984 | 6725165 |
| simple and microbiologically safe portable transport unit for patients requiring protected isolation. | the removal of a patient from a laminar air flow room during protected isolation poses the risk of his microbial contamination and infection. nonetheless, temporary removal from the laminar air flow room may be necessary for certain medical procedures or for psychological relief during prolonged periods of isolation or both. a means for protecting patients during temporary removal from the laminar air flow room is highly desirable. a previously described total body garment has been shown to be m ... | 1980 | 6769945 |
| [airborne microflora found in some stations of the metro in the hungarian capital of budapest (author's transl)]. | both the microflora and some physical parameters of the air in three underground railway (metro) stations were analysed. the air samples taken in the first two stations contained considerably more microbes, namely three times as many, than the sample from station no. 3. in the samples from the first two stations both the pathogenic and anthropogenic germs occured more frequently than in the samples from the third station. the normal flora consisted of gram-positive cocci/streptococci, micrococci ... | 1980 | 6775455 |
| influence of curvature of response lines in antibiotic agar diffusion assays. | | 1981 | 6783664 |
| a simple method for the determination of dna molecular weight distribution. | a method is described for the molecular weight distribution of dna which is determined from sedimentation-velocity analysis. knowing the distribution of sedimentation coefficients for a single dna concentration it is possible to extrapolate such a distribution to infinite dilution of the solute in a simple way. two versions (using two or three terms of a series) of extrapolating equations are considered and discussed in detail. the sedimentation coefficients distribution calculated from these eq ... | 1981 | 6785340 |
| the second international standard for erythromycin. | | 1981 | 6792202 |
| [recovery of germs on surfaces with the collector by thran (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 6798780 |
| [recovery of germs dried on surfaces with the collector by thran]. | | 1981 | 6798781 |
| culture medium for confirmation of penicillin-resistant and penicillinase-producing neisseria gonorrhoeae. | a culture method for the isolation and identification of penicillinase (beta-lactamase)-producing neisseria gonorrhoeae (ppng) was evaluated in the philippines where ppng are common. the method uses plastic biplates containing standard martin-lewis gonorrhea culture medium in one side of the biplate and ppng-selective medium containing 1.5 microgram of penicillin g per ml and a suspension of sarcina lutea (micrococcus lutea) that was susceptible to 0.01 microgram of penicillin g per ml in the ot ... | 1982 | 6808016 |
| antimicrobial characteristic of insoluble alkylpyridinium iodide. | insoluble and soluble alkylpyridinium iodides (c8 to c18) were synthesized. the insoluble agents were quaternized 4-vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene copolymers. the insoluble agent [c12(50)] that contained 50% divinylbenzene and had a c12 alkyl chain was selected as the most suitable insoluble agent. c12(50) showed poor durability of the antibacterial activity, but c12(50), which had lost the activity, was refreshed by washing with ethanol. this washing became ineffective after a few cycles of antib ... | 1982 | 6808918 |
| determination of apalcillin and its metabolites in human body fluids by high-pressure liquid chromatography. | we describe two methods for the quantitative analysis of apalcillin and its metabolites in serum and urine by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc), a fast isocratic method for the parent drug, and a gradient method that allows the simultaneous assay of two metabolites. serum was deproteinized with acetonitrile, and urine was diluted with buffer solution. the detection limit was about 0.5 micrograms/ml at a detection wavelength of 254 nm and 1.5 micrograms/ml at 310 nm. within ... | 1982 | 6818901 |
| determination of penicillin g, ampicillin, and cephapirin residues in tissues. | a cylinder plate microbiological method was developed for the rapid, quantitative determination of penicillin g, ampicillin, and cephapirin in animal tissues. the method uses agar plates seeded with stable spores of bacillus stearothermophilus var. calidolactis and incubated 4 h at 64 degrees c. standard curves were obtained for the following ranges of concentration of antibiotics in tissues: 0.02-0.32 iu penicillin g/g, 0.0125-0.2 micrograms ampicillin/g, and 0.02-0.32 micrograms cephapirin/g. ... | 1983 | 6826504 |
| bioassay of antibiotics in body fluids from patients receiving cancer chemotherapeutic agents. | patients receiving antitumor chemotherapy are at increased risk of developing nosocomial infections, and the antibacterial therapy of such infections is often monitored by bioassay. the effect of antitumor agents on seven bioassay procedures using strains of sarcina, klebsiella, clostridium, pseudomonas, staphylococcus aureus, and s. epidermidis or bacillus was evaluated. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of six antitumor drugs, cytarabine, dactinomycin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, methotre ... | 1980 | 6903435 |
| largomycin: preparation, properties, and structure. | largomycin has been purified to homogeneity by chromatography on hydroxylapatite whereby carbohydrate and protease impurities were removed. largomycin is an acidic protein (pi 4.13, molecular weight 29300) which forms a dimer in phosphate buffer. an n-terminal amino acid sequence analysis from the amino-terminal residue gave, for the first 32 residues, asp-ile-leu-ile-ala-gly-ala-thr-gly-asn-val-gly-lys-pro-leu-val-glu-gly-leu-leu - ala-ala-gly-lys-pro-val-arg-ala-leu-thr-arg-asn... the sequence ... | 1982 | 7138848 |
| oral penicillin prophylaxis in children with imparied splenic function: a study of compliance. | one measure used to prevent overwhelming sepsis due to streptococcus pneumoniae in children with defective splenic function is oral penicillin prophylaxis. however, a frequently cited argument against this approach is the likelihood of poor compliance. compliance was studied by examining urine specimens for penicillin by the sarcina lutea disc diffusion technique in 22 surgically asplenic children, two patients following bone marrow transplantation, and 38 infants and young children with sickle ... | 1982 | 7145549 |
| correlation between fluorimetric and microbiological methods for determination of cephalexin in urine and serum. | the fluorimetric and microbiological methods for the determination of serum and urine cephalexin were compared with the aid of coded samples in two different laboratories. the coefficient of correlation between the two methods for serum cephalexin was 0.94. at urine cephalexin concentrations above 0.5 g/l, the coefficient of correlations between two methods was 0.83. at lower concentrations (0.5 g/l), the coefficient of correlation was 0.72. it was concluded that the tested methods are comparabl ... | 1981 | 7205158 |
| [kinetic and clinical study of bacampicillin]. | a mean plasma concentration curve, with peaks within the first hour and moderate individual variations, was obtained after a single administration of 800 mg of bacampicillin to 5 healthy volunteers. an adequate antibiotic transfer from the circulation to the bronchial apparatus was demonstrated. treatment of 34 patients suffering from ampicillin-sensitive bacterial diseases permitted clinical cure of all patients, without onset of side-effects. it is concluded that bacampicillin is preferable to ... | 1981 | 7219802 |
| the effect of temperature on the growth and lipid composition of the extremely halophilic coccus, sarcina marina. | sarcina marina (ncmb 778) grew over the temperature range 20-45 degrees c but no growth was recorded at 15 degrees c or 50 degrees c. at the optimum growth temperature of 34 degrees c the doubling time was 14.5 h. the major polar lipid components, tentatively identified as the diether analogues of phosphatidyl glycerophosphate (pgp), phosphatidyl glycerol (pg), diglycosyl diglyceride (dgd) and triglycosyl diglyceride (tgd), and the major neutral lipid components, tentatively identified as squale ... | 1981 | 7247392 |
| fluorimetric and microbiological assays of erythromycin concentrations in plasma and vaginal washings. | using a microbiological and a fluorimetric assay to determine penetration of erythromycin into vaginal fluids, concentrations were measured in plasma from nine men one hour after a single oral dose of erythromycin stearate 2 g and in vaginal washings and plasma samples taken simultaneously from 11 women two hours after the last dose of a 10-day course of erythromycin stearate (250 mg four times daily). both assay methods gave accurate and reproducible results in plasma but only the fluorimetric ... | 1981 | 7272705 |
| photosensitivity in carotenoidless mutants of micrococcus luteus (sarcina lutea): non-photodynamic menaquinone destruction in white light. | | 1981 | 7280045 |
| pharmacokinetics of cefamandole in osseous tissue. | the ability of cefamandole to cross osseous capillary membranes and its concentrations in interstitial fluid spaces are studied in canine cortical bone. extraction studies were performed by using indicator dilution techniques and demonstrated that cefamandole readily traversed osseous capillary membranes. volume-of-distribution studies demonstrated that cefamandole was distributed in the plasma and interstitial fluid spaces of cortical bone. there was a direct correlation between the calculated ... | 1981 | 7294769 |
| fast and simple method for the separation of intermediates and cofactors involved in the biosynthesis of cephalosporin c using chemically bonded c12 reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography. | | 1980 | 7380971 |
| purification and characterization of macromomycin-i, a protein antibiotic containing a non-protein chromophore. | | 1980 | 7396932 |
| [preservation of lyophilized cultures of saprophytic microorganisms]. | all of the tested saprophytic microbial cultures remained viable upon 11--16 years of storage in the lyophilized state at 3--6 degrees. the cultures belonged to the following taxonomic groups: acetobacter, achromobacter, azotobacter, bacillus, chromatium, escherichia, flavobacterium, lactobacillus, micrococcus, proteus, propionibacterium, pseudomonas, rhizobium, sarcina, serratia, streptococcus, torula, mycobacterium, actinomyces. the number of viable cells in the tubes decredased only slightly ... | 1980 | 7412623 |
| the microbial transformation of tylosin by the spiramycin-producing strain, streptomyces ambofaciens ka-1028. | | 1980 | 7429995 |
| bioassay of clindamycin in bile. | this study compares different preparations of standard solutions for determining clindamycin in bile. pooled human serum, ox bile, 10% human bile, and 0.1 m phosphate buffer were compared, and pooled human bile was serving as reference standard curve. the use of pooled human serum and ox bile resulted in a considerable error of overestimation of clindamycin in bile. an error of underestimation occurred when 10% human bile or 0.1 m phosphate buffer was used as a standard solution. it is concluded ... | 1981 | 7471906 |
| phylogenetic placement of sarcina ventriculi and sarcina maxima within group i clostridium, a possible problem for future revision of the genus clostridium. request for an opinion. | the 16s rrna gene sequences of sarcina ventriculi dsm 286t (t = type strain) and sarcina maxima dsm 316t were determined. phylogenetic analysis revealed that these two species are closely related to each other and belong to group i clostridium (sensu johnson and francis). the implications of these phylogenetic findings for future revision of the genus clostridium are discussed. | 1994 | 7520746 |
| insecticides: their effect on microorganisms and persistence in rice soil. | a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of four insecticides, hch, phorate, carbofuran and fenvalerate, at recommended doses on the preponderance of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. we also measured the persistence of the insecticides in the rhizosphere soil of rice. hch and fenvalerate stimulated the proliferation of all of the microorganisms significantly. phorate increased the population of bacteria and actinomycetes. carbofuran accentuated the preponderance of actinomyce ... | 1995 | 7541287 |
| membrane lipid alkyl chain motional dynamics is conserved in sarcina ventriculi despite ph-induced adaptative structural modifications including alkyl chain tail to tail coupling. | sarcina ventriculi, an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium, adapts to increasing temperature, the presence of organic solvents, or the lowering of the ph of its growth medium by joining the tails of membrane lipids from opposite sides of the bilayer, forming transmembrane, bifunctional fatty acid species. since this is done to offset the increase in membrane mobility caused by these perturbations, it is of interest to determine whether the motional (dynamic) properties of membrane lipid alkyl chai ... | 1995 | 7547938 |
| a new myxococcus xanthus gene cluster for the biosynthesis of the antibiotic saframycin mx1 encoding a peptide synthetase. | the gene cluster for the biosynthesis of the heterocyclic quinone antibiotic saframycin mx1 of myxococcus xanthus dm504/15 was inactivated and tagged by tn5 insertions. the tagged genes were cloned in escherichia coli and used to select overlapping cosmid clones spanning 58 kb of the m. xanthus genome. gene disruption experiments defined a > or = 18 kb contiguous dna region involved in saframycin biosynthesis. sequencing of part of this region revealed a large orf containing two 600-amino-acid d ... | 1995 | 7551044 |
| a new in-vitro model to investigate antibiotic penetration of the intervertebral disc. | we have studied the ability of a range of antibiotics to penetrate intervertebral disc tissue in vitro, using a mouse disc model. equilibrium concentrations of antibiotics incorporated into the entire disc were determined by bioassay using a microbial growth-inhibition method. uptake was significantly higher with positively-charged aminoglycosides compared with negatively-charged penicillins and cephalosporins. uncharged ciprofloxacin showed an intermediate degree of uptake. our results support ... | 1995 | 7593116 |
| 6-hydroxymanzamine a and 3,4-dihydromanzamine a, new alkaloids from the okinawan marine sponge amphimedon sp. | two new beta-carboline alkaloids, 6-hydroxymanzamine a [1] and 3,4-dihydromanzamine a [2], have been isolated from the okinawan marine sponge amphimedon sp. and their structures elucidated on the basis of nmr spectral data. | 1994 | 7714542 |
| isolation and physico-chemical characterization of an antifungal and antibacterial peptide produced by bacillus licheniformis a12. | an antifungal substance named peptide a12-c has been purified to homogeneity from supernatants of sporulated cultures of bacillus licheniformis a12. it consists of a 0.77-kda hydrophilic peptide containing two residues of glu and one of arg, ala, pro, tyr and orn. no fatty acids, phosphorus or carbohydrates have been detected. peptide a12-c is active on several fungi (microsporum canis cect 2797, mucor mucedo cect 2653, m. plumbeus (ccm f 443, sporothrix schenckii cect 2799 and trichophyton ment ... | 1993 | 7763922 |
| transformation of microorganisms with the plasmid vector with the replicon from pac1 from acetobacter pasteurianus. | a number of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria species was screened for the expression of the gram-negative plasmid pack5 and pact72 with replicon of pac1 plasmid from acetobacter pasteurianus. as was described previously, both plasmids were expressed in escherichia coli, acetobacter pasteurianus, acetobacter aceti, shigella spp. and citrobacter spp. expressions of plasmids were successful in twelve species tested, comamonas terrigena, salmonella typhimurium, serratia marcescens, bacillus ... | 1995 | 7832808 |
| structures and stereochemistry of the very long alpha, omega-bifunctional alkyl species in the membrane of sarcina ventriculi indicate that they are formed by tail-to-tail coupling of normal fatty acids. | in a previous study, we demonstrated that sarcina ventriculi is capable of adjusting to alterations in environmental conditions (such as increase in temperature, lowering of ph, or addition of exogenous organic solvents) by the synthesis of a family of alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acids ranging from 28 to 36 carbons long (jung, s., et al. 1993. j. biol. chem. 268: 2828-2835). the chain lengths and relative abundance of the very long dicarboxylic acids found in s. ventriculi suggest that they may be ... | 1994 | 7868972 |
| a mathematical model explaining the molecular weights and distribution of very long chain dicarboxylic acids formed during the adaptive response of sarcina ventriculi. | a simple mathematical model is presented to explain a recent new discovery of an unusual membrane adaptive response in sarcina ventriculi. in this response, this organism synthesizes very long chain alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acids ranging from 28 to 36 carbon atoms in length. the distribution of chain lengths of the new fatty acid species is not consistent with de novo synthesis but suggests elaboration from the existing regular-chain fatty acids by a coupling process. here, we demonstrate, usin ... | 1995 | 7891453 |
| [blood serum and milk serum levels of sodium benzylpenicillin after intravenous regional antibiosis in surgery of the claw area in cattle]. | an intravenous regional antibiosis using 10 mega i.u. sodium-benzylpenicillin was carried out during surgery in 14 dairy cows affected with spontaneous occurring digital diseases. blood serum and milk serum levels were determined over a period of 48 hours by means of a micro agar diffusion method using sarcina lutea stamm bga berlin as a test germ. even before opening of the rubber tourniquet, penicillin traces were detectable in the blood serum of 6 cows. maximal concentrations ranging from 0.4 ... | 1994 | 7945183 |
| evaluation of lung tissue and hilar lymph node concentrations of azithromycin. | since it is believed that most infections occur in the interstitial fluid, it has been suggested to measure the concentration of antimicrobial agents in pulmonary lymph that reflects the extracellular, extra-blood-vascular milieu in the lung. the aim of this study was to investigate the lung tissue and pulmonary lymph node penetration of azithromycin after 500 mg daily oral administration for three days in patients undergoing open thoracotomy. at the end of the treatment, each subject was assign ... | 1994 | 8004364 |
| lautropia mirabilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a gram-negative motile coccus with unusual morphology isolated from the human mouth. | an organism that seems to be identical to orskov's 'sarcina mirabilis' [orskov, j. (1930) acta pathol microbiol scand suppl iii, 519-541] has been rediscovered in specimens from the upper respiratory tract of humans. six strains were studied, and the results, which conformed to orskov's description of s. mirabilis, were as follows. rough to smooth colonies grow on many plated media and show extremely polymorphic cell morphology with round cells with diameters from 1 to > 10 microns. the smallest ... | 1994 | 8075812 |
| 16s ribosomal dna sequences of anaerobic cocci and proposal of ruminococcus hansenii comb. nov. and ruminococcus productus comb. nov. | the 16s ribosomal dna sequences of representative members of the family peptococcaceae were determined. the members of the family examined were divided into the following four phylogenetic groups: peptococcus niger atcc 27731t (t = type strain), the sarcina-peptostreptococcus anaerobius group, the ruminococcus-coprococcus group, and the peptostreptococcus group. peptococcus niger, the type species of the family, was not related to other members of the family. peptostreptococcus anaerobius atcc 2 ... | 1994 | 8123556 |
| detection of beta-lactamase production and enzyme profiles in enterobacteriaceae isolated in moldova. | in our study, out of 449 enterobacteriaceae strains isolated between 1985 and 1990, 16 strains (3 proteus, 6 nontyphoidal salmonella, 7 escherichia coli) were resistant both to ampicillin- sulbactam and amoxycillin-clavulanic acid associations. the activity profiles of the beta-lactamases produced by these resistant strains are described. sarcina lutea atcc 9341 was used as test strain. the effect of the enzymatic filtrate against beta-lactam antibiotics: ampicillin, cloxacillin, cefadroxil, cef ... | 1993 | 8153468 |
| prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among patients attending a clinic for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. | to ascertain the prevalence of self-medication with antimicrobial agents among patients attending a clinic for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (stds), we administered a questionnaire to and collected a urine specimen for antimicrobial testing from 551 patients before treatment. we defined self-medication as an antimicrobial agent taken on the patient's own initiative by self-report during the week before the visit to the clinic or a positive urine assay for antimicrobial agents at the ... | 1993 | 8218690 |
| new heterocyclic structures. thiazolo[3,2-a][1,2,5] thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3',4':4,5] pyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine. biological assays. | 6,7-dihydro-9h-thiazolo[3,2-a][1,2,5]thiadiazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidin-9-one, 7,8-dihydro-6h,10h-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3',4':4,5]pyrimido [2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-10-one and its 3-methyl derivative were prepared by reacting 6,7-diamino-2,3-dihydro-5h-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one, 7,8-diamino-3,4-dihydro-2h,6h-pyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-6-one or its 3-methyl derivative with n-thionylaniline. a reaction mechanism is proposed. the compounds and the sodium salts of (7-amino-2,3-dihydro-5h-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrim ... | 1993 | 8323673 |
| penetration of rifampicin into the brain tissue and cerebral extracellular space of rats. | rifampicin is used to treat neurosurgical shunt infections because of its excellent in-vitro activity against staphylococci and its adequate penetration into the csf. however, nothing is known about rifampicin concentrations in the cerebral extra-cellular space (ces). we measured the penetration of rifampicin into the ces of anaesthetized rats by microdialysis using low-flow and equilibrium methods. depending on the method, rifampicin concentrations in the ces were 0.3-1% of the serum concentrat ... | 1993 | 8335500 |
| sarcina ventriculi synthesizes very long chain dicarboxylic acids in response to different forms of environmental stress. | changes in the composition of membrane lipids in a strictly anaerobic, facultative acidophilic eubacterium, sarcina ventriculi, were studied in response to various forms of environmental stress. changes in lipid composition and structure occurred in response to changes in environmental ph. at neutral ph, the predominant membrane fatty acids ranged in chain length from c14 to c18. however, when cells were grown at ph 3.0, a family of unique very long chain fatty acids containing 32-36 carbon atom ... | 1993 | 8428957 |
| prospective evaluation of the incidence of bacteremia after protected specimen brushing in icu patients with and without pneumonia. | to test the hypothesis that the use of protected specimen brushing (psb) via flexible bronchoscopy does not predispose to bacteremia in icu patients, we prospectively performed aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures immediately following bronchoscopy with psb. a total of 123 episodes in 68 consecutive patients with suspected pneumonia were analyzed. blood cultures were negative in 110 cases (89 percent) and positive in 13 cases (11 percent) (p < 0.001). twelve of these 13 patients with positive bl ... | 1993 | 8432123 |
| purification, characterization, and lytic activity against naegleria fowleri of two amoebicins produced by bacillus licheniformis a12. | bacillus licheniformis a12 produces two amoebolytic substances (amoebicins a12-a and a12-b) in liquid media during sporulation. both substances have been purified and characterized. they are heat- and protease-resistant peptides containing aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, proline, and tyrosine in a molar ratio of 5:2:2:2:2. no fatty acids or carbohydrates have been detected. their molecular weight is 1,430. purified amoebicins a12-a and a12-b exhibit amoebolytic action against naegleria fow ... | 1993 | 8517742 |
| antibacterial and immunostimulating casein-derived substances from milk: casecidin, isracidin peptides. | apart from immunoglobulin a and g antibodies and plasma cells, milk also contains antibiotic/host protective peptides that are of value not only for maintenance of its nutritional integrity but also for protection of the newborn and, possibly, protection of the lactating mother. among the first such peptides identified with casecidin; following chymosin digestion of casein at ph 6 or 7, casecidin inhibited in vitro staphylococci, sarcina, bacillus subtilis, diplococcus pneumoniae and streptococc ... | 1996 | 8603791 |
| laboratory and clinical stain removal evaluations of two tartar control dentifrices. | the purpose of this research was to evaluate colgate original tartar control dentifrice (tc) and new colgate micro cleansing tartar control (mctc) dentifrice in a laboratory and clinical study for their ability to remove induced stain. in the laboratory study, polished and etched bovine enamel specimens were stained for 4 days with a coffee, tea, and mucin, sarcina lutea tartox culture in trypticase soy broth. sixteen specimens were then brushed for 200 strokes with a sodium carboxymethyl cellul ... | 1995 | 8624234 |
| is aspartate 52 essential for catalysis by chicken egg white lysozyme? the role of natural substrate-assisted hydrolysis. | the chicken and goose egg white lysozymes (chewl and goewl) are homologues, but differ in substrate specificity. chewl catalyzes the hydrolysis of the glycosidic bonds of bacterial peptidoglycans and chitin-derived substrates, while goewl is specific for bacterial peptidoglycans. the active-site aspartate 52 residue of chewl, which is postulated to stabilize the oxocarbenium ion intermediate, has no counterpart in goewl. the substrate specificity of the d52a chewl mutant was compared with those ... | 1996 | 8639670 |
| two flavones from artemisia giraldii and their antimicrobial activity. | two new flavones, 4',6,7-trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-flavone (2) and 5',5- dihydroxy-3',4',8-trimethoxyflavone (3) were isolated from artemisia giraldii and their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. these two new flavones showed antibiotic activity against staphylococcus aureus, sarcina lutea, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus sp. aspergillus flavus, and trichoderma viride. | 1996 | 8657751 |
| [determination of radioresistance of microbes of different species irradiated separately and jointly]. | radioresistance of lactose positive and lactose negative esch. coli, lactose positive esch. coli and proteus, yellow sarcina and white staphylococcus, white and pink yeasts, white and yellow staphylococcus was studied after irradiation and seeding on hard media using separate and combined methods. in most cases radioresistance of the microbes did not depend of exposure conditions. however, lactose positive esch. coli irradiated with proteus increased proteus radioresistance to its own standard. ... | 1996 | 8696486 |
| influence of fowl uropygial gland and its secretory lipid components on growth of skin surface bacteria of fowl. | bacterial species, which occur on the breast skin surface of adult (1 year old) white leghorn fowl with intact uropygial gland, were identified as : staphylococcus epidermidis, sarcina lutea, streptomyces sp. and a facultative diphtheroid belonging to the genus corynebacterium; s. epidermidis being the most predominant one. two species of bacteria, namely, staphylococcus aureus and proteus sp. were shown to colonize the skin surface after 60 days of captivity. extirpation of uropygial gland caus ... | 1996 | 8698407 |
| biological studies on 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives v. antimicrobial properties of n-alkanoic, n-arylalkanoic and n-aryloxyalkanoic derivatives of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one: qsar study and genotoxicity evaluation. | n-alkanoic, n-arylalkanoic and n-aryloxyalkanoic acids of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, esters and amides of n-arylalkanoic and n-aryloxyalkanoic acids and 1,1-dioxide derivatives of n-arylalkanoic acids and esters were investigated in vitro antimicrobial activity. n-arylalkanoic and n-aryloxyalkanoic acids (compounds 4-12) and their esters and amides (compounds 13-26) exhibited a good antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria, with several compounds showing potencies 10-20 times highe ... | 1996 | 8765672 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of pistacia lentiscus l. extracts: preliminary report. | the in vitro antimicrobial activity of pistacia lentiscus l. extracts was determined. pistacia lentiscus l. extracts were tested on bacteria (sarcina lutea, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli) and fungi (candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, torulopsis glabrata and cryptococcus neoformans). of the different plant extractions, decoctions showed the best antibacterial activity, but the activity against fungal cells appears to be much more interesting. | 1996 | 8808717 |
| re: b. l. røder, et al.: dicloxacillin and flucloxacillin: pharmacokinetics, protein binding and serum bactericidal titers in healthy subjects after oral administration (infection 23 [1995] 107-112) | | 1996 | 8811373 |
| abomasal bloat associated with sarcina-like bacteria in goat kids. | an epizootic of abdominal tympany in goat kids as a result of abomasal bloat associated with a short duration of clinical signs was fatal in over 200 kids. histologic examination of sections of abomasum revealed high numbers of bacteria that were morphologically identical to sarcina sp. sarcina sp are anaerobic, gas-producing organisms that could cause abomasal bloat. other reports have proposed that abomasal bloat is caused by abnormal abomasal flora; we propose that in the goat kids reported h ... | 1996 | 8870748 |
| sensitivity and specificity of in situ bacterial chain reaction (bcr) in detecting sparse human tumor cells in peripheral blood. | we report here the development of bacterial chain reaction (bcr), a system using micro organisms as nanodevices to amplify and visualize signals from molecular bioprobes such as antibodies, binding proteins, lectins, and oligonucleotides. unlike conventional enzyme-linked amplification systems in which the amount of enzyme is a constant parameter, in the bcr an enzyme (penicillinase) is used to trigger a proliferative chain reaction producing an exponential increase in enzyme. the detection limi ... | 1996 | 8954086 |
| activity of cytotoxin p4 from the venom of the cobra snake naja nigricollis on gram-positive bacteria and eukaryotic cell lines. | the cytotoxin p4 from the venom of the cobra snake naja nigricollis was examined for activity against aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, fungi and eucaryotic cell lines by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) and ic50 values, respectively. cytotoxin p4 exhibits antimicrobial activity against bacillus subtilis, micrococcus flavus and sarcina lutea. targets in gram-negative bacteria and fungi apparently were not reached. toxicity against eucaryotic cells ... | 1997 | 9205785 |
| oligosaccharide beta-glucans with unusual linkages from sarcina ventriculi. | the structure of a family of unusual glucans from sarcina ventriculi has been characterized by nmr spectroscopy, methylation analysis, and mass spectrometry. one is a trisaccharide containing a beta-(1-->3) and a beta-(1-->4)-linkage. the other is a hexasaccharide that is simply a 1,4-linkage dimer of the trisaccharide unit. this is the first report of beta-glucan biosynthesis in a gram-positive organism. their occurrence in these organisms supports an even more general link between their synthe ... | 1997 | 9449765 |