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porphyromonas gingivalis, bacteroides forsythus and other putative periodontal pathogens in subjects with and without periodontal destruction.bacteria play an essential role in the pathogenesis of destructive periodontal disease. it has been suggested that not all bacteria associated with periodontitis may be normal inhabitants of a periodontally healthy dentition. in particular, porphyromonas gingivalis and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans have been isolated infrequently from subjects without periodontitis. the aim of the present study was to compare prevalence and proportions of a number of periodontal bacteria in periodontitis ...200212472995
in vitro effect of laser irradiation on cementum-bound endotoxin isolated from periodontally diseased roots.in a previous study, we evaluated the in vivo effects of an nd:yag laser on periodontal disease by measuring crevicular interleukin (il)-1beta levels before and after laser application. it was found that laser therapy was less effective than traditional scaling and root planing. these results might be due to incomplete removal of microbial residues and cementum-bound endotoxin on root surfaces by the laser. in this study, we explored the in vitro effectiveness of an nd:yag laser for the eliminat ...200212479628
a swollen neck. 200212480362
correlations between bacterial levels in autologous subgingival plaque and saliva of adult sudanese.the aim of this study was to assess levels of oral bacteria and their correlations in paired samples of saliva and subgingival plaque in a population of adult sudanese. whole saliva and pooled subgingival plaque samples from six probing sites of one tooth in each jaw were obtained from 56 sudanese adults (mean age 35.2+/-8.9 years). levels of 24 oral bacteria in the autologous saliva and pooled plaque sample of each subject were assessed by dna probes and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization. ther ...200212483235
cytokine production in response to endodontic infection in germ-free mice.this study evaluated the cytokine profiles (type 1 or type 2) that are triggered by and modulate endodontic periapical infections in the root canal system of germ-free mice. microorganisms isolated from two patients with pulpal necrosis were inoculated into two groups of experimental animals: group i (gemella morbillorum) and group ii (bifidobacterium adolescentis, fusobacterium nucleatum and clostridium butyricum). in vitro, g. morbillorum induced type 1 cytokine synthesis, while the modulation ...200212485325
similarity of the oral microbiota of pre-school children with that of their caregivers in a population-based study.this study evaluated the similarity between the oral microbiota of young children and that of their adult caregivers. oral samples from children (174 dentate and 18 pre-dentate) aged 6-36 months and their caregivers in saipan were assayed using a dna probe assay. many species including streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sobrinus, actinomyces species, campylobacter rectus, fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, and porphyromonas gingivalis were detected in dentate and pre-dentate childr ...200212485330
clonality of fusobacterium nucleatum in root canal infections.fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative non-spore-forming, non-motile, obligate anaerobic rod that is normally isolated from the oral cavity. several studies have reported a significant heterogeneity within the f. nucleatum species. the aim of the present study was to analyze the clonal diversity of f. nucleatum strains isolated from intracanal infections and to evaluate the presence of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric)-like sequences in the genome of f. nucleatum. sample ...200212485332
emergence of penicillin resistance among fusobacterium nucleatum populations of commensal oral flora during early childhood.penicillin resistance due to beta-lactamase production is surprisingly common among oral bacteria in childhood. fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative anaerobic bacillus, is a member of the developing oral commensal flora. as part of the investigation on the emergence of oral bacterial resistance, the aim of the present study was to examine longitudinally the penicillin resistance among salivary f. nucleatum populations as related to age, day care attendance and sibling history, and exposure t ...200312493794
antimicrobial activity of magainin analogues against anaerobic oral pathogens.magainins are a family of potent antimicrobial cationic peptides that possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of target organisms. in this study, the antimicrobial activity of synthetic magainin-mimetic compounds msi-751 and msi-774 was investigated against the periodontal pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, eikenella corrodens, prevotella loescheii and prevotella intermedia. p. gingivalis was more susceptible to msi-751 ...200312507842
[antibacterial activity of new-quinolone and macrolide antibiotics against oral bacteria].minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of 4 new-quinolone antibacterial reagents and 4 macrolide antibiotics against periodontopathic bacteria 21 species 24 strains of standard strains including oral related bacteria and clinical isolated (1993-1999) 20 strains of porphyromonas gingivalis, 7 strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were determined. minocycline hcl was used as the comparative reagent. macrolide showed moderate antibacterial activity against standard strains of oral related ...200212508477
[the neutralizing effect of histidine-rich-polypeptides on lps from suspected periodontal pathogens].human parotid histidine-rich-polypeptides (hrps) are a family of lowmolecular-weight, cationic polypeptides. hrp-1, hrp-3 and hrp-5 comprise 85%-90% of the total hrps and are called major hrps. there were many researches indicating the antimicrobial activities of hrps. recently, hrps were reported to have an inhibitory action on the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of e. coli, with hrp-5 being the most effective one among the three major hrps. since the lps of oral gram-negative bacteria is thought to b ...200012539645
[effect of lipopolysaccharide on recombinant human osteogenic protein-1-induced responses in human dental pulp cells].to investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (lps) on recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (rhop-1) induced proliferation and differentiation.199912539700
antimicrobial activity of ca(oh)2 dental cements: an in vitro study.the effect of five commercial calcium hydroxide root canal medications (xr-spad, calcicur, hy-cal, root-cal, hypo-cal) and two calcium hydroxide mixtures (with water or glycerin) on the growth of (a) three anaerobic bacteria associated with endodontic infections; and (b) saliva bacterial strains was determined using the agar diffusion inhibitory test. statistically significant zones of bacterial growth inhibition for all the bacteria tested were observed. calcium hydroxide mixed with glycerin sh ...200312540221
igg subclass specific antibody response to periodontopathic organisms in hiv-positive patients.we previously reported an increased rate of progression of periodontal disease over an 18-month period in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive subjects compared to controls. the mechanism for disease progression and rapid tissue loss was unknown. data on the microbiological studies failed to show any significant difference in the microbial characteristics of the periodontal lesions in hiv-positive patients compared to hiv-negative controls. immunological analysis had identified neutrophil ...200212546094
isotypic antibody response to plaque anaerobes in periodontal disease.it has been suggested that locally produced immunoglobulin (ig)a could be more protective than igg and that there could be a relationship between crevicular fluid-specific iga levels and the onset of periodontal disease. this study was designed to investigate this hypothesis regarding specific immune responses towards 4 plaque anaerobes in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva from patients with periodontopathies and controls.200212546101
the microflora recovered from the outer-surfaces of the frialit-2 implanto-prosthetic connector.the aim of the present investigation was to examine the outer-surface microbiota of the prosthetic connector of frialit-2 implants, and to compare the microbial findings with the peri-implant parameters 2 years after functional loading. in 16 implant-treated patients (55.8 +/- 9.5 years) the outer-surface micro-organisms of the prosthetic connectors were determined in 32 frialit-2 implants. the functional loading time of the prosthetic suprastructures was 24.1 +/- 13.8 months on average. after r ...200312562362
a new method for rapid screening of bacterial species- or subspecies-specific dna probes.a simple assay for the rapid screening of bacterial species- or subspecies-specific dna probes for the random cloning method is presented, involving the use of genomic dnas as probes and recombinant plasmid dnas containing genomic dna digested with hindiii as targets. the optimal amount of target dnas and the concentration of digoxigenin-labeled genomic dna probes were 20 ng and 100 ng ml(-1) (or 10 ng and 200 ng ml(-1)), respectively. the method was applied to the development of fusobacterium n ...200312594033
antibacterial effects of resinous retrograde root filling materials.the effect of three resinous retrograde root filling materials on the growth of four obligate anaerobic bacteria associated with endodontic infections was determined by using the agar diffusion inhibitory test. samples of the following resinous materials (resin-modified, glass-ionomer cement, fuji ii lc; compomer, dyract; and composite resin, spectrum) were incubated for 1 week with the following anaerobic bacteria: fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, p. endodontalis, and prevotel ...200312597711
[the influence of two implant materials on the growth of three subgingival predominant bacteria].commercially pure titanium and titanium alloy as dental implants have show impressive clinical results. despite the high success rates, some implants do fail. compared to those studies on osseointegration of implants, the information pertaining to their failure is little. further studies on the relationship between implant material and micro-organism are needed. the purpose of this investigation is to study the effect of two commonly used implant materials titanium (ta2) and ti-6ai-4v alloy (tc4 ...200212599430
faropenem, a new oral penem: antibacterial activity against selected anaerobic and fastidious periodontal isolates.the in vitro activity of faropenem, an oral penem, was compared with those of penicillin, co-amoxiclav, cefoxitin, clindamycin, erythromycin and metronidazole against 106 isolates of anaerobic pathogens involved in systemic infections. the organisms tested comprised porphyromonas gingivalis (29), prevotella spp. (eight), prevotella melaninogenica (seven), prevotella intermedia (five), actinomyces spp. (25), fusobacterium nucleatum (14), peptostreptococcus spp. (11), bacteroides ureolyticus (five ...200312615878
mass transport of macromolecules within an in vitro model of supragingival plaque.the aim of this study was to examine the diffusion of macromolecules through an in vitro biofilm model of supragingival plaque. polyspecies biofilms containing actinomyces naeslundii, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus sobrinus, veillonella dispar, and candida albicans were formed on sintered hydroxyapatite disks and then incubated at room temperature for defined periods with fluorescent markers with molecular weights ranging from 3,000 to 900,000. subsequent examinatio ...200312620862
bactericidal effects of different laser wavelengths on periodontopathic germs in photodynamic therapy.this study was an attempt to clarify whether the bactericidal effects of photodynamic therapy (pdt) are wavelength or dose-dependent. we also attempted to create an optimised protocol for a light-based bactericidal modality to eliminate periodontal pathogens. cultures of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, and streptococcus sanguis, were exposed to a he-ne laser (632.8 nm) with a 30 mw power output, a 100 mw diode laser a ...200312627274
the reduction of fusobacterium nucleatum in mice is irrelevant to the nitric oxide induced by inos.previously we reported that mice infected recurrently with live fusobacterim nucleatum (fn) synthesize a significant amount of no between 12 hr and 24 hr after the fn injection. we now investigated whether the no has the capability of killing fn, a gram-negative rod periodontal pathogen. the mice were divided into three groups: treated with live bacteria (lb), treated with heat-killed bacteria (hkb) and untreated: normal (n). the fn reduction, no production and cell number after fn injection wer ...200312636250
serum antibodies of periodontitis patients compared to the lipopolysaccharides of porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum.serum antibody titers against the lipopolysaccharides (lpss) of porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum were compared between 9 periodontitis patients and 24 healthy persons. the igg titers against the lpss of p. gingivalis atcc 33277(t) and w50 were clearly higher in the patients than in the healthy persons. however, igm titers against the lpss of p. gingivalis strains were relatively low, and no significant difference was observed between the patients and healthy persons. on the o ...200312636253
helicobacter pylori and campylobacter rectus share a common antigen.aim: the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of antigens with immunological cross-reactivity in periodontopathogenic bacteria and helicobacter pylori, the pathogen associated with gastritis and peptic ulcers in human. materials and methods/results: among the putative periodontopathogens tested (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and treponema denticola), cross-reactive bands were only ...200312654095
fusobacterium nucleatum impairs serum binding to porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm.mouse immune sera obtained by immunization with fusobacterium nucleatum and then porphyromonas gingivalis demonstrated an impaired binding capacity to p. gingivalis-biofilm and lower avidity to p. gingivalis when compared with sera obtained from mice immunized with p. gingivalis alone.200312654097
acid-neutralizing activity during amino acid fermentation by porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleatum.acid-neutralizing activity during amino acid fermentation by washed cells of porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleatum was studied. when the washed cells of these strains were anaerobically incubated in the presence of aspartylaspartic acid or glutamylglutamic acid for p. gingivalis, aspartic acid for p. intermedia and glutamic acid for f. nucleatum at an initial ph of 5.0 or 5.5, the ph of the incubation mixtures rose toward neutral. f. nucleatum had the highes ...200312654101
bactericidal activities of methoxyfluoroquinolones gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin against aerobic and anaerobic respiratory pathogens in serum.gatifloxacin (bristol-myers squibb) and moxifloxacin (bayer) are new methoxyfluoroquinolones with broad-spectrum activity against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens of the respiratory tract. in this investigation, we analyzed the bactericidal activity in serum over time of these antimicrobials against three aerobic (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus) and four anaerobic (peptostreptococcus micros, peptostreptococcus magnus, fusobacterium nucleatum, and prevo ...200312654663
periodontal microbiota and clinical periodontal status in a rural sample in southern thailand.we sought to determine (i) the association of subgingival bacterial profiles to clinical periodontal status in a population with limited access to dental care in thailand, and (ii) the external validity of our earlier findings from a similar study in rural china. we examined 356 subjects, 30-39 yr old and 50-59 yr old, with respect to clinical periodontal status and subgingival plaque at maximally 14 sites per subject. checkerboard hybridizations were used to analyse a total of 4343 samples. the ...200212664464
serum phenytoin concentration and igg antibody titre to periodontal bacteria in patients with phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth.epileptic patients taking phenytoin with gingival-overgrowth and those without gingival-overgrowth were compared for daily drug dose, plasma total phenytoin concentration, plasma free-phenytoin concentration and serum igg antibody titre against 13 periodontal bacteria. significantly higher daily drug dose was noted in patients with gingival overgrowth (p < 0.05) when compared with those without overgrowth. in addition, both total and free forms of plasma phenytoin concentration were significantl ...200112666977
an immunohistological study of the localization of bacteria invading root pulpal walls of teeth with periapical lesions.we immunohistologically examined the prevalence and localization of bacteria invading dentinal tubules of the roots of teeth with infected canals. forty extracted teeth with apical lesions were selected and divided into two groups: a group of untreated teeth and a group of canal-enlarged teeth. the bacteria in the specimens were detected by brown-brenn stain and the labeled-streptavidin-biotin method with specific antisera for 16-bacteria. seventy percent of the examined teeth showed bacteria in ...200312669880
antimicrobial properties of self-etching primer-bonding systems.self-etching primers are now considered the new generation of dentin bonding systems that modify and incorporate the bacteria-containing smear layer into their bonding mechanism. the antibacterial effects of the self-etching primers clearfil se bond, mac bond, imperva fl bond, one-up bondf and prompt l-pop were evaluated using the bacteria streptococcus mutans atcc25175, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, peptostreptococcus prevotii, peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, lactobacillus acidophilus, la ...200312670069
palmitoleic acid isomer (c16:1delta6) in human skin sebum is effective against gram-positive bacteria.the percent lipid composition of pooled human sebum analyzed by thin-layer chromatography was: ceramides (13%), fatty acid (47%), cholesterol (7%), cholesterol esters (2%), squalene (11%), triglycerides (3%), and wax esters (17%). total sebum lipids (2- 4 mg/ml), sonicated into bacterial culture medium, caused 4- to 5-fold log reduction in growth of gram-positive bacteria, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus salivarius and the anaerobe fusobacterium nucleatum, but was ineffective against most g ...200312677098
ultrastructural analysis of an infected collagen-coated vascular graft.the incidence of infection following arterial reconstruction using synthetic graft materials varies from less than 1 to 5%. one of three mechanisms is thought to be responsible: 1. intraoperative contamination, 2. extension from adjacent infected or colonized tissue, or 3. hematogenous or lymphogenous seeding. we present ultrastructural data of a patient with a polymicrobial graft infection due to a prostheto-enteric fistula 16 years after reconstruction of an aortobifemoral graft. the polymer s ...200312677763
ovine periodontitis as a potential model for periodontal studies. cross-sectional analysis of clinical, microbiological, and serum immunological parameters.: to investigate infection and host immunity patterns in sheep with naturally occurring "broken-mouth" periodontitis.200312702113
can toothpaste or a toothbrush with antibacterial tufts prevent toothbrush contamination?periopathogens and cariogenic species survive more than 48 hours on toothbrushes even under dry storage. this study examined a decontamination of toothbrushes by means of the bactericidal effect of different toothpastes or a special coating of the tufts.200312710750
the effects of a new mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc lactate on the microflora of oral halitosis patients: a dual-centre, double-blind placebo-controlled study.this study evaluated the microbial effects of a newly formulated mouthwash (halita) on oral halitosis patients.200312716335
[extrinsic ureteral obstruction secondary to inflammatory gynecologic pathology].to present two cases of extrinsic ureteral obstruction secondary to gynaecological inflammatory diseases, and to perform a bibliographic review.200312731448
bacterial penetration through canals of endodontically treated teeth in the presence or absence of the smear layer.the goal of this study is to determine if the smear layer affects the passage of bacteria through or around obturating material as evidenced by penetration of bacteria through and out the canal. specifically, this study focused on determining the effect of the smear layer on the magnitude of bacterial penetration through the apical foramen.200312735922
plasmid profile in oral fusobacterium nucleatum from humans and cebus apella monkeys.fusobacterium nucleatum is a strict anaerobe and is indigenous of the human oral cavity. this organism is commonly recovered from different monomicrobial and mixed infections in humans and animals. in this study, the plasmid profile, the plasmid stability and the penicillin-resistance association in oral f. nucleatum isolated from periodontal patients, healthy subjects and cebus apella monkeys were evaluated. forty-five f. nucleatum strains from patients, 38 from healthy subjects and seven from ...200312751315
pcr method is essential for detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis in oral cavity samples.tuberculosis is a re-emerging infectious disease, and infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis has been increasing in immunocompromised hosts, including elderly persons. m. tuberculosis-infected persons may receive dental treatment. to evaluate the risk of m. tuberculosis infection in dental clinics, we examined the detection rates of m. tuberculosis in sample of mixed saliva, dental plaque, extracted teeth, caries lesions, and denture plaque by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the detecti ...200312753466
actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype b lipopolysaccharide mediates coaggregation with fusobacterium nucleatum.purified actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype b lipopolysaccharide (lps) was found to be able to bind fusobacterium nucleatum cells and to inhibit binding of f. nucleatum to a. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b. sugar binding studies showed that the requirements for binding of a. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b lps to the f. nucleatum lectin are the presence of a metal divalent ion, an axial free hydroxyl group at position 4, and free equatorial hydroxyl groups at positions 3 and 6 of d ...200312761156
[early diagnosis of bacterial brain abscesses: interest of diffusion-weighted mri].three cases of bacterial brain abscesses, in immunocompetent patients, are reported. in all these cases, the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (mri) with apparent diffusion coefficient (adc) map has permitted an early diagnosis and a rapid treatment. this emergency mri showed in the three cases a low signal on ti-weighted images, a high signal on t2-weighted and echo-planar images, and a decrease of adc (0.36- 0.49 x 10(-3) mm2/s). so, this new mri technique provides an available and rapid e ...200312773871
additive antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine on common endodontic bacterial pathogens.it is an established procedure to use calcium hydroxide [ca(oh)2] as a therapeutic component to achieve sterilization of infected root canals. unfortunately, some bacterial species are relatively resistant to ca(oh)2 and are therefore associated with treatment failures. the objective of this study was to identify combinations of substances that improve antimicrobial activity. ca(oh)2 was used as a suspension or as a component of gutta-percha points. efficacy of killing was compared for (a) ca(oh ...200312775007
evaluation of antibacterial activity of mangifera indica on anaerobic dental microglora based on in vivo studies.the present study was carried out to compare the subgingival plaque microflora in mango leaf users. fifty subjects of both sexes, 25 of them used tooth brush and 25 used mango leaf as their home care hygiene device were included in the study. the microbiological evaluation for specific bacterial counts of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum and peptostreptococcus micros were carried out for all subject. specific microbial ...200212785172
subgingival microbiota levels and their associations with periodontal status at the sampled sites in an adult sudanese population using miswak or toothbrush regularly.little information is available on the effect of miswak use on gingival microbiota. we assessed levels of 28 oral bacteria in subgingival plaque of adult sudanese miswak (n = 38) and toothbrush users (n = 36) age range 20-53 years (mean 34.6 years) to study associations between these bacteria, oral hygiene method, and periodontal status at the sampled sites. a pooled subgingival plaque sample from 6 probing sites of 1 selected tooth in each jaw was obtained from each subject. whole genomic dna p ...200312790510
genomics of oral bacteria.advances in bacterial genetics came with the discovery of the genetic code, followed by the development of recombinant dna technologies. now the field is undergoing a new revolution because of investigators' ability to sequence and assemble complete bacterial genomes. over 200 genome projects have been completed or are in progress, and the oral microbiology research community has benefited through projects for oral bacteria and their non-oral-pathogen relatives. this review describes features of ...200312799321
genome analysis of f. nucleatum sub spp vincentii and its comparison with the genome of f. nucleatum atcc 25586.we present the draft genome sequence and its analysis for fusobacterium nucleatum sub spp. vincentii (fnv), and compare that genome with f. nucleatum atcc 25586 (fn). a total of 441 fnv open reading frames (orfs) with no orthologs in fn have been identified. of these, 118 orfs have no known function and are unique to fnv, whereas 323 orfs have functional orthologs in other organisms. in addition to the excretion of butyrate, h2s and ammonia-like fn, fnv has the additional capability to excrete l ...200312799352
antibacterial activity of medicinal plant extracts against periodontopathic bacteria.this study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of althaea officinalis l. roots, arnica montana l. flowers, calendula officinalis l. flowers, hamamelis virginiana l. leaves, illicium verum hook. fruits and melissa officinalis l. leaves, against anaerobic and facultative aerobic periodontal bacteria: porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella spp., fusobacterium nucleatum, capnocytophaga gingivalis, veilonella parvula, eikenella corrodens, peptostreptococcus micros and actinomyces odont ...200312820224
bacteria-binding plasma proteins in pellicles formed on hydroxyapatite in vitro and on teeth in vivo.previous studies on dental pellicle formation and bacterial adherence have focussed on saliva and its components. the tooth surface is, however, also exposed to the plasma-derived crevicular fluid. in the present study, (i). plasma proteins in in vitro and in vivo pellicles were examined using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), immunoblotting and image analysis and (ii). the adherence of periodontopathogenic bacteria to experimental plasma and saliva pellicles ...200312823794
changes in growth and polyglucose synthesis in response to fructose metabolism by fusobacterium nucleatum grown in continuous culture.fusobacterium nucleatum, grown in a chemically defined medium at micro(rel) = 0.5, produced greater cell yields and undetectable levels of intracellular polyglucose (ip) when fructose was substituted for glucose. the utilisation and metabolism of fructose by growing cells was studied and the effect of the energy-yielding amino acids, glutamate, serine, histidine and lysine on cell yield, ip synthesis and acidic end-products was investigated. when f. nucleatum was grown on elevated amino acid lev ...200312823803
lethal photosensitization of periodontal pathogens by a red-filtered xenon lamp in vitro.the ability of helium-neon (he-ne) laser irradiation of a photosensitizer to induce localized phototoxic effects that kill periodontal pathogens is well documented and is termed photodynamic therapy (pdt).200312828662
effect of smoking and periodontal treatment on the subgingival microflora.the effect of smoking on the prevalence of periodontal pathogens after periodontal treatment is still not clear. some studies found no effect of the smoking status on the prevalence of periodontal pathogens after therapy, whereas others did. the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the influence of smoking on the treatment of periodontitis and the composition of the subgingival microflora.200312834497
unusual presentation of lemierre's syndrome due to fusobacterium nucleatum.we report a case of lemierre's syndrome due to fusobacterium nucleatum in a previously healthy 19-year-old male. this is the first case report of lemierre's syndrome due to thrombophlebitis of the external jugular vein. the patient had a rapid clinical response to anticoagulation and antibiotics, as supported by anecdotal evidence.200312843117
characteristics of brain abscess with isolation of anaerobic bacteria.in view of its localization, brain abscess (ba) usually requires medical and surgical care. a broad spectrum of bacteria is involved. recent reports stress the increasing frequency of anaerobes, but their impact has not been well evaluated. a retrospective review was conducted of all episodes of documented ba admitted in a tertiary-care hospital over a 10 y period. ba due to anaerobic bacteria (group a) were compared with other cases (group b) to determine the frequency and eventual characterist ...200312875518
positive and negative bacterial associations involving dialister pneumosintes in primary endodontic infections.dialister pneumosintes is an anaerobic gram-negative rod that has been recently implicated as a candidate endodontic pathogen. in this study, samples taken from abscessed teeth and infected root canals associated with asymptomatic or symptomatic periradicular lesions were examined for the occurrence of bacterial associations involving d. pneumosintes. dna was extracted from the samples, and the presence of d. pneumosintes and 16 other bacterial species was determined by means of species-specific ...200312877258
antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria from odontogenic infections in taiwan.the purpose of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of facultative and anaerobic odontogenic infectious flora to various antibiotics. we assessed 178 bacterial strains isolated from 74 patients with odontogenic infections. the e-test was used to determine susceptibility. the microbial flora was predominantly facultative gram-positive organisms and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. the results of antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that ampicillin resistance was found with a very hig ...200312886961
antimicrobial constituents from goldenseal (the rhizomes of hydrastis canadensis) against selected oral pathogens.two new c-methyl flavonoids, 6,8-di- c-methylluteolin 7-methyl ether (1) and 6- c-methylluteolin 7-methyl ether (2), were isolated from a commercially available sample of the roots of hydrastis canadensis, along with seven known compounds, berberine (3), beta-hydrastine (4), canadine (5), canadaline (6), isocorypalmine (7), canadinic acid (8), and beta-sitosterol 3- o-beta- d-glucoside (9). the structures of the new compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data including ...200312898417
effects of a chlorhexidine gluconate-containing mouthwash on the vitality and antimicrobial susceptibility of in vitro oral bacterial ecosystems.oral bacterial microcosms, established using saliva inocula from three individuals, were maintained under a feast-famine regime within constant-depth film fermenters. steady-state communities were exposed four times daily, postfeeding, to a chlorhexidine (chx) gluconate-containing mouthwash (chxm) diluted to 0.06% (wt/vol) antimicrobial content. the microcosms were characterized by heterotrophic plate counts and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). chxm caused significant decrease ...200312902270
coaggregation of streptococcus salivarius with periodontopathogens: evidence for involvement of fimbriae in the interaction with prevotella intermedia.streptococcus salivarius is divided into two serological subgroups that carry either fibrils or fimbriae. although fimbriae have been observed on up to 50% of s. salivarius strains in the human oral cavity, no function has yet been assigned to them. to determine whether s. salivarius fimbriae have a role in adhesion, we examined the ability of s. salivarius to coaggregate with selected microorganisms involved in periodontal diseases. our results show that s. salivarius coaggregated with fusobact ...200312930529
multiple brain abscesses caused by fusobacterium nucleatum treated conservatively.multiple brain abscesses are serious neurological problems with high mortality and disabling morbidity. the frequency is rising as a result of aids and the increasing number of immunocompromised patients.200312945954
the antimicrobial efficacy of 'mgp' gutta-percha in vitro.to determine whether 'mgp' gutta-percha (westport, ct, usa), a commercially available gutta-percha containing iodoform, inhibits the growth of potential endodontic pathogens.200312950576
antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of naocl and chlorhexidine using a contact test.the purpose of this study was to analyze the in vitro antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite (1% and 5%) and chlorhexidine (0.12%, 0.5% and 1%). bacterial samples (atcc) of staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum were submitted to a contact test. solutions were evaluated at different time intervals: immediately, 5 min, 15 min, and 30 min after contact and repeated 10 times. the results of the contact test showed ...200312964652
immune response to fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia in the sputum of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.to assess the role of anaerobic bacteria in acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (aecb).200312970005
[pseudo-angiocholitic necrosing icterogenic hepatitis due to fusiformis nucleatus]. 195613359994
[studies on fusiformis nucleatus (knorr) and its pathogenicity for humans and animals]. 195613395022
[studies on fusobacteria. iii. in vitro test on natural resistance to fusobacterium plauti-vincenti]. 195713434351
antigenic characteristics of leptotrichia buccalis (fusobacterium fusiforme).gustafson, robert l. (university of illinois college of medicine, chicago) and arthur v. kroeger. antigenic characteristics of leptotrichia buccalis (fusobacterium fusiforme). j. bacteriol. 84:1313-1320. 1962.-thirty-nine isolates of an oral filamentous organism, usually termed leptotrichia buccalis trevisan (fusobacterium fusiforme), were isolated from materia alba or saliva. the cultural, morphological, and biochemical characteristics were similar to those reported by other investigators. aggl ...196213951402
establishment of human indigenous bacteria in germ-free mice.gibbons, r. j. (forsyth dental center and harvard school of dental medicine, boston, mass.), s. s. socransky, and b. kapsimalis. establishment of human indigenous bacteria in germ-free mice. j. bacteriol. 88:1316-1323. 1964.-thirteen strains of bacteria indigenous to the gingival crevice area of man were tested for their ability to establish as monocontaminants in germ-free mice. three facultative organisms, streptococcus mitis, staphylococcus albus, and a "diphtheroid," established, as well as ...196414234787
intracellular production and extracellular release of oxygen radicals by pmns and oxidative stress on pmns during phagocytosis of periodontopathic bacteria.in this study we investigated intracellular and extracellular oxygen radical production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) during the phagocytosis of periodontopathic bacteria. in in vitro assays, bacteria of the species porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and fusobacterium nucleatum were phagocytosed at 37 degrees c for 4 h by purified peripheral human pmns from healthy subjects (n = 6). superoxide production during phagocytosis was determined by flow cytometry a ...200314505184
[ribotyping fusobacterium nucleatum isolates from healthy and diseased periodontium].fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most frequently cultured bacteria from subgingival plaque. it can be isolated from active periodontal lesions as well as from healthy sites. currently, f. nucleatum has been divided into five subspecies. an early hypothesis suggested an association between certain subspecies and periodontal disease or health. on the other hand, a broad heterogeneity between f. nucleatum isolates has been suggested, so that the subspeciation scheme and therefore the proposed ...200314558378
intracellular calcium in signaling human beta-defensin-2 expression in oral epithelial cells.expression of human beta-defensins is correlated with differentiation in the oral epithelium, consistent with their function as part of the epithelial antimicrobial barrier. because calcium is a known regulator of epithelial differentiation, we tested the hypothesis that calcium concentration mediates beta-defensin expression. gingival epithelial cells were cultured in medium containing low calcium concentration (0.03 mm), then either changed to high extracellular calcium concentrations or stimu ...200314578498
clinical presentation and bacteriologic analysis of infected human bites in patients presenting to emergency departments.previous studies of infected human bites have been limited by small numbers of patients and suboptimal microbiologic methodology. we conducted a multicenter prospective study of 50 patients with infected human bites. seventy percent of the patients and assailants were young adult men. fifty-six percent of injuries were clenched-fist injuries and 44% were occlusional bites. most injuries were to the hands. fifty-four percent of patients were hospitalized. the median number of isolates per wound c ...200314614671
fusobacterium nucleatum: a rare cause of bacteremia in neutropenic patients with leukemia and lymphoma.although anaerobic bacteremias are uncommon in oncohematologic patients, nevertheless they have been considered an emergent problem in the last few years. fusobacterium nucleatum is an anaerobic gram-negative bacillus commonly present in the oral cavity and in the respiratory and genito-urinary tracts. over a 10-year period 18 episodes of f. nucleatum bacteremia in patients with hematological malignances (15 leukemias and 3 lymphomas) have been observed in our department of hematology. predispos ...200314616727
expression of mhc class ii, cd70, cd80, cd86 and pro-inflammatory cytokines is differentially regulated in oral epithelial cells following bacterial challenge.oral epithelium may play a regulatory role in local immune responses when interacting with bacteria. the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of selected bacterial pathogens found in periodontal and endodontic infections on oral epithelial cells. expression of cell surface molecules (major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii, cd54, cd70, cd80 and cd86) and secretion of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (il)-1beta, il-6, and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha) in respons ...200314622340
the influence of organic load on the antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of naocl and chlorhexidine in vitro.to evaluate bacterial growth after contact with sodium hypochlorite (naocl; 1 and 5%) and chlorhexidine (chx; 0.12, 0.5 and 1%) in vitro with or without the addition of organic material (bovine serum albumin (bsa) 0.5%).200314641423
antagonistic interactions among fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia with oral lactobacilli.microbiota residing in oral ecosystems show great complexity because of the mutual interdependence of certain microorganisms that might influence their presence or absence at a given site. the aim of this work was to evaluate possible antagonistic interactions among fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia, isolated from periodontal pockets, and lactobacillus casei, l. salivarius, l. rhamnosus and l. plantarum isolated from saliva. different tests were carried out using each strain as a ...200314643404
culture-independent identification of pathogenic bacteria and polymicrobial infections in the genitourinary tract of renal transplant recipients.renal transplant recipients are predisposed to urinary tract infections caused by both common uropathogens and opportunistic bacteria resulting frequently in significant polymicrobial infections. in this study, a culture-independent 16s rrna-based approach was established to identify unusual, fastidious, or anaerobic bacteria and to investigate bacterial diversity in urinary tract specimens. similarly sized amplicons encompassing the v6 to v8 region of the 16s rrna were analyzed with denaturing ...200314662931
a comparison of the antibacterial efficacies of essential oils against oral pathogens.cariogenic bacteria and periodontopathic bacteria are present in dental plaque as biofilms. in this study, we investigated the antibacterial effects of essential oils on the following oral bacteria: porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus mutans, and streptococcus sobrinus. we tested manuka oil, tea tree oil, eucalyptus oil, lavandula oil, and romarinus oil and determined their minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericida ...200414678476
detection of subgingival calculus and dentine caries by laser fluorescence.detection of subgingival calculus and dentine caries in the bottom of deep periodontal pockets is often difficult without visual observation. we thus examined the possibility of its detection using autofluorescence induced by laser irritation.200414687229
innate immune response of oral and foreskin keratinocytes: utilization of different signaling pathways by various bacterial species.the innate immune response is critical for the epithelial antimicrobial barrier. the human beta-defensins are small, cationic antimicrobial peptides that are made by epithelial cells and that play a role in mucosal and skin defenses. human beta-defensin 1 (hbd-1) is expressed constitutively in epithelial tissues, whereas hbd-2 and hbd-3 are expressed in response to bacterial stimuli or inflammation. previous studies showed that hbd-2 was induced by fusobacterium nucleatum cell wall extract witho ...200414688115
multiplex fish analysis of a six-species bacterial biofilm.established procedures use different and seemingly incompatible experimental protocols for fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) with gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. the aim of this study was to develop a procedure, based on fish and confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm), for the analysis of the spatial organization of in vitro biofilms containing both gram-negative and gram-positive oral bacteria. biofilms composed of the six oral species actinomyces naeslundii, candida albican ...200414706749
clonal similarity of salivary and nasopharyngeal fusobacterium nucleatum in infants with acute otitis media experience.the environment of an infant's nasopharynx during acute otitis media (aom) favours the growth of anaerobic bacteria, which can be recovered frequently during infection, but hardly at all if the infant is healthy. the aim of this investigation was to identify the potential source and inoculation route of anaerobes that were present in the nasopharynx. eleven fusobacterium nucleatum isolates that were collected through the nasal cavity from the nasopharynx of eight infants with a history of aom, a ...200414729939
effect of porphyromonas gingivalis vesicles on coaggregation of staphylococcus aureus to oral microorganisms.vesicles from the outer membrane of porphyromonas gingivalis have the ability to aggregate a wide range of streptococcus spp., fusobacterium nucleatum, actinomyces naeslundii, and actinomyces viscosus. we found that in the presence of p. gingivalis vesicles, staphylococcus aureus coaggregated with streptococcus spp., and the mycelium-type candida albicans, but not the yeast type. autoaggregation of s. aureus in the presence of p. gingivalis vesicles is inhibited by l-arginine, l-lysine, and l-cy ...200314756532
relationship between periodontal pocket sulfide levels and subgingival species.many species implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease produce volatile sulfur compounds (vsc). this investigation examined the relationship between levels of sulfide and subgingival bacterial species in the same periodontal pockets.200314761124
gingival crevice microbiota from chinese patients with gingivitis or necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.the objective of this study was to quantitatively compare the bacterial population structure in plaque from the gingival margin of two groups of 21 chinese patients with gingivitis or necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (nug). subjects were recruited in four dental clinics in eastern china. samples were quantitatively assessed by immunofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization for taxa known to be associated with periodontal diseases. the analyses showed that the fusiform taxa (fusobacter ...200414871191
microbiological examination of infected dental root canals.the aim of this study was to investigate the root canal microbiota of primary and secondary root-infected canals and the association of constituent species with specific endodontic signs and symptoms.200414871344
[acute abscess of the cerebrum indicative of bronchiectasis, caused by fusiformis fusiformis associated with corynebacterium parvum; cure by combined surgical and anti-infectious treatment]. 195214935821
association of t cd4 lymphocyte levels and subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis in hiv-infected brazilians under haart.the aim of this study was to determine the subgingival microbiota of hiv-infected patients with chronic periodontitis and different t cd4 lymphocyte levels under haart.200414970778
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of streptococcus oralis functions as a coadhesin for porphyromonas gingivalis major fimbriae.cohesive interactions between porphyromonas gingivalis and plaque-forming bacteria, such as streptococcus oralis, are considered to play an important role in the colonization of p. gingivalis in periodontal sites. although p. gingivalis fimbriae have been reported to mediate coaggregation with s. oralis, the s. oralis molecule involved has not been identified. we identified the coadhesin of s. oralis atcc 9811 and purified it by affinity column chromatography. we found that the molecular mass of ...200414977937
relationship between tongue coating and secretory-immunoglobulin a level in saliva obtained from patients complaining of oral malodor.the aim of this study was to confirm the relationships between oral malodor and periodontal condition, oral malodor and tongue coating, and to investigate the secretory-immunoglobulin a (s-iga) level in saliva in relation to the accumulation of tongue coating.200315002886
human beta-defensins 2 and 3 demonstrate strain-selective activity against oral microorganisms.human beta-defensins 2 and 3 (hbd-2 and hbd-3) are inducible peptides present at sites of infection in the oral cavity. a few studies have reported broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity for both peptides. however, no comprehensive study has thoroughly investigated their potential against oral pathogens. the purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of hbd-2 and hbd-3 against a collection of oral organisms (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gin ...200415004048
fusobacterium nucleatum induces premature and term stillbirths in pregnant mice: implication of oral bacteria in preterm birth.fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobe ubiquitous to the oral cavity. it is associated with periodontal disease. it is also associated with preterm birth and has been isolated from the amniotic fluid, placenta, and chorioamnionic membranes of women delivering prematurely. periodontal disease is a newly recognized risk factor for preterm birth. this study examined the possible mechanism underlying the link between these two diseases. f. nucleatum strains isolated from amniotic fluids ...200415039352
geographical differences in bacteria detected in endodontic infections using polymerase chain reaction.the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is an innovative nucleic acid-based assay that has the highest sensitivity of any microbiological technique for the detection of bacteria. the purpose of this study was to use pcr to detect the presence of specific species of bacteria in samples collected from two geographical locations. microbial samples from abscesses of endodontic origin were collected from patients in portland, oregon, and rio de janeiro, brazil. pcrs with species-specific oligonucleotide ...200415055430
[dynamic observation of periodontal pathogens and cariogenic bacteria in modified chemostat using confocal laser scanning microscopy].to study dynamic relation between periodontal pathogens and cariogenic bacteria under analogous oral environment.200415061891
blindness from septic thrombophlebitis of the orbit and cavernous sinus caused by fusobacterium nucleatum. 200415078687
risk factors for periodontitis in hiv patients.the purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for periodontitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection.200415102043
identification of a fusobacterium nucleatum 65 kda serine protease.a 65 kda protease was partially purified from extracellular vesicles of fusobacterium nucleatum cultures by preparative sds-page followed by electroelution. the ph optimum of the protease is 7.5-8.0 and its activity could be inhibited by serine protease inhibitors. the protease was found to degrade the extracellular matrix proteins fibrinogen and fibronectin as well as collagen i and collagen iv which were degraded at 37 degrees c but not at 28 degrees c, indicating the presence of a gelatinase ...200415107066
induction of calprotectin release by porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide in human neutrophils.calprotectin, a major cytosolic protein of leukocytes, is detected in neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and epithelial cells. this protein is known to be a marker for several inflammatory diseases and is detected in inflammatory gingival tissue with periodontal disease. recently, we found that the calprotectin level in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis patients was significantly higher than that of healthy subjects. however, the regulation of calprotectin in periodontal disease is u ...200415107070
selection for high-level resistance by chronic triclosan exposure is not universal.to investigate the effect of triclosan exposure on the antimicrobial susceptibilities of numerically important dental bacteria.200415117935
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