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antimicrobial activity of silver nitrate against periodontal pathogens.metal ions were evaluated as potential antimicrobial agents suitable for local delivery in the oral cavity for the treatment of periodontitis. silver nitrate, copper chloride, and zinc chloride were tested for antimicrobial activity in in vitro killing assays conducted in phosphate buffered saline with a series of oral bacteria including gram-negative periodontal pathogens and gram-positive streptococci. copper and zinc salts failed to exhibit strong and consistent activity against periodontal p ...200111327077
new assay for measuring cell surface hydrophobicities of candida dubliniensis and candida albicans.hydrophobic interactions, based on cell surface hydrophobicity (csh), are among the many and varied mechanisms of adherence deployed by the pathogenic yeast candida albicans. recently it was shown that, unlike c. albicans, c. dubliniensis is a species that exhibits an outer fibrillar layer consistent with constant csh. previously, c. dubliniensis grown at 25 or 37 degrees c was shown to coaggregate with the oral anaerobic bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum. c. albicans, however, demonstrated simi ...200111329462
heterogeneity of host immunological risk factors in patients with aggressive periodontitis.the pathogenesis of early-onset periodontitis (eop) can be explained by various host risk factors. previous studies have focused on a single (among many possible) immunological risk factor and the association among the factors has not been assessed. we comprehensively investigated the associations among multiple host immunological risk factors in eop patients to further elucidate their role in the pathogenesis of eop.200111338294
relationship of cigarette smoking to the subgingival microbiota.the relationship of cigarette smoking to the composition of the subgingival microbiota is not clear. some studies indicated higher levels of certain species in smokers, while other studies failed to detect differences in the microbiota between subjects with different smoking histories. thus, the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the prevalence, proportions and levels of the subgingival species in adult subjects who were current, past or never smokers.200111350499
lipid peroxidation caused by oxygen radicals from fusobacterium-stimulated neutrophils as a possible model for the emergence of periodontitis.the possible contribution of bacteria and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) to the disease process of periodontitis was evaluated.200111354921
kinetics of coaggregation of porphyromonas gingivalis with fusobacterium nucleatum using an automated microtiter plate assay.coaggregation between porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum strains was previously studied using either a semi-quantitative macroscopic assay or radioactive tracer assays. a new automated microtiter plate assay is introduced, in which the plate reader (vmax) was adapted to allow quantitative evaluation of the kinetics of coaggregation. f nucleatum pk 1594 coaggregated with p. gingivalis hg 405 with a maximal coaggregation rate of 1.05 mod/min, which occurred at a p. gingivalis to ...200111358538
microflora in oral ecosystems in primary sjögren's syndrome.knowledge of the effect of primary sjögren's syndrome (pss) on the microbial flora in the different predilection sites for oral disorders is needed for planning preventive treatment. we carried out microbial analysis of samples from the dorsum of the tongue, smooth mucosa, supragingival tooth surfaces, and the gingival crevice region of 20 patients with pss.200111361180
[antimicrobial effects of tea tree oil (melaleuca alternifolia) on oral microorganisms].the essential oil of melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil) exhibits antimicrobial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. in this study the bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal/fungicidal activity of a tea tree oil solution, of a new tea tree oil (tebodont) and the respective placebo-gel, of a chlorhexidindigluconate-solution and of plakout was tested in vitro against ten different oral microorganisms. minimum inhibitory concentrations were in the ...200011374358
antibacterial activity of particulate bioglass against supra- and subgingival bacteria.particulate bioglass is a bioactive material used in the repair of periodontal defects. this material undergoes a series of surface reactions in an aqueous environment which lead to osseointegration. the aim of this study was to determine whether these reactions exerted an antibacterial effect on a range of oral bacteria. streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mutans and actinomyces viscosus were suspended in nutrient broth (nb), artificial saliva (as) or dulbecco's modified eagle medium plus 10% ...200111374470
smoking affects the subgingival microflora in periodontitis.tobacco smoking has been identified as one major risk factor for destructive periodontal disease. scaling and root planing have been shown to be less effective in smokers with periodontitis. the aim of the present study was to compare the subgingival microbial flora of treated and untreated smokers and non-smokers.200111394403
change in subgingival microbial profiles in adult periodontitis subjects receiving either systemically-administered amoxicillin or metronidazole.the current investigation evaluated changes in levels and proportions of 40 bacterial species in subgingival plaque samples during, immediately after and up to 1 year after metronidazole or amoxicillin therapy combined with srp.200111422580
untreated periodontal disease in indonesian adolescents. subgingival microbiota in relation to experienced progression of periodontitis.in an indonesian population deprived of regular dental care, the experienced progression of disease between baseline (1987) and follow-up (1994) was investigated in relation to the composition of the subgingival microbiota at follow-up. at baseline the age ranged from 15 to 25 years. clinical and microbiological evaluation was completed in 158 of the 167 subjects available at follow-up.200111422582
mutans streptococci in subgingival plaque of treated and untreated patients with periodontitis.the etiology of root caries is thought to be identical to coronal caries, though root caries seem to be more complicated because of the higher susceptibility of exposed roots (dentin) by periodontal therapy to demineralization than intact enamel. this implies that mutans streptococci are the most likely pathogens in the development of root caries. although it is known that both the numbers of mutans streptococci and the frequency of isolation in root caries lesions are negatively correlated with ...200111422591
c-telopeptide pyridinoline cross-links (ictp) and periodontal pathogens associated with endosseous oral implants.detection of periodontal or peri-implant sites exhibiting progressing disease or those at risk of deterioration has proven difficult. pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type i collagen (ictp), a marker specific for bone degradation found in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf), has been associated with both bone and attachment loss in periodontitis and may be useful for predicting disease activity. the aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between ict ...199811429938
septic arthritis of the hip due to fusobacterium nucleatum.anaerobic bacteria are uncommon pathogens in septic arthritis. we report a case of pyarthrosis of the right hip caused by fusobacterium nucleatum, following a transient synovitis in an otherwise healthy boy. there are only a few cases involving this species described in the literature. this report illustrates the difficulty of isolating this unusual organism and emphasises the usefulness of the bactec blood culture bottles for the recovery of anaerobic bacteria.200111434480
risk factors for anaerobic bloodstream infections in bone marrow transplant recipients.the incidence of anaerobic bloodstream infections (bsi) in patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation (bmt) recently increased at our institution. a retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing bmt from january 1995 through december 1998 was performed to determine the microbiological characteristics, epidemiology, and outcome of anaerobic bsi and to identify independent risk factors for infection. anaerobic bsi occurred in 23 patients, for a rate of 4 bsis per 100 bmt procedur ...200111438899
antimicrobial effect of acidified nitrite on periodontal bacteria.the antimicrobial agent nitric oxide (no) is formed in the mouth and its concentration is directly related to salivary nitrite, which in turn is related to dietary nitrate intake. the aim of this study was to determine whether nitrite under acidic conditions will have an inhibitory effect, possibly occurring through no production, on the periodontal disease pathogens fusobacterium nucleatum, eikenella corrodens and porphyromonas gingivalis. whereas the growth of these organisms was inhibited by ...200111442852
evaluation of co-aggregation among streptococcus mitis, fusobacterium nucleatum and porphyromonas gingivalis.to develop a semi-quantitative method for evaluating co-aggregation reactions among three bacterial species, and to examine the influence of fusobacterium nucleatum on the adherence of porphyromonas gingivalis.200111472519
an in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of irrigants on biofilms of root canal isolates.the bactericidal effect of four antimicrobial agents was investigated against single-species biofilms derived from a range of root canal isolates.200111482142
antibacterial properties of electron beam-sterilized gutta-percha cones.the purpose of the study was to determine the effect of electron beam sterilization on gutta-percha cones (gpcs) at different times after sterilization. an agar diffusion test was used with -one aerobic bacterium (bacillus subtilis) and five oral anaerobic bacteria (fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus micros, porphyromonas gingivalis, propionibacterium acnes, and veillonella parvula). with each microorganism 30 agar plates were prepared, evenly distributed among three groups (group 1: un ...200111487145
metallic cough and pyogenic liver abscess.the curious symptom of a metallic cough in association with a pyogenic hepatic abscess should heighten awareness of a fistula. we describe a 78-year-old female with severe diverticular disease, on long-term steroid treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica. she developed a pyogenic liver abscess, treated initially by antimicrobial therapy, and subsequently drained by ultrasound and computed tomography-guided percutaneous transhepatic pigtail catheterization. this was complicated by a fistulous commun ...200111507364
a microbiological and clinical study of the safety and efficacy of baking-soda dentifrices.this article reports the results of a study that examined the clinical and microbiological changes associated with regular use of baking-soda dentifrices. two dentifrice formulations were examined in a 6-month longitudinal study of 101 adult subjects with assessments for plaque, gingival inflammation, and stain at baseline and 3 and 6 months during the active phase of the study, and at 3 months after cessation of product use. one dentifrice contained 52% baking soda and 3% sodium percarbonate (a ...199611524866
5s ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences in bacteroides and fusobacterium: evolutionary relationships within these genera and among eubacteria in general.the 5s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) sequences were determined for bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, bacteroides capillosus, bacteroides veroralis, porphyromonas gingivalis, anaerorhabdus furcosus, fusobacterium nucleatum, fusobacterium mortiferum, and fusobacterium varium. a dendrogram constructed by a clustering algorithm from these sequences, which were aligned with all other hitherto known eubacterial 5s rrna sequences, showed differences as well as similarities with ...198911542181
implantation of bacteria from human pulpal necrosis and translocation from root canals in gnotobiotic mice.the aim of this study was to determine whether microorganisms recovered from infected human root canals were able to survive and translocate to a local lymph node when experimentally inoculated into the root canal system of germ-free mice. the microorganisms isolated from two patients with pulpal necrosis were inoculated in two groups of experimental animals; group i (gemella morbillorum) and group ii (bifidobacterium adolescentis, fusobacterium nucleatum, and clostridium butyricum). g. morbillo ...200111592487
[clinical and microbiological study of adult periodontal disease].the aim of this study was to carry out a microbiological evaluation of sites with and without clinical evidence of moderate and severe periodontitis and their correlation with clinical parameters. a total of 52 disease sites and 10 healthy sites were selected according to clinical criteria. the following clinical indexes were measured for all the sites: plaque index, gingival index, blood on probing, depth on probing and insertion level. samples of subgingival plaque were collected for culture a ...200111594003
phosphorylcholine-dependent cross-reactivity between dental plaque bacteria and oxidized low-density lipoproteins.antibodies reactive with phosphorylcholine (pc) are ubiquitous in human sera, but the antigens stimulating their production and their function are not clear. previous studies have shown that a significant proportion of dental plaque bacteria contain pc as determined by reactivity with pc-specific mouse myeloma proteins and monoclonal antibodies. additionally, serum antibody concentrations of immunoglobulin (igg) g anti-pc are higher in sera of individuals who have experienced periodontal attachm ...200111598029
microbiological evaluation of acute periradicular abscesses by dna-dna hybridization.the purpose of the present investigation was to examine the microbiota of acute periradicular abscesses of endodontic origin by using a molecular genetic method.200111598583
susceptibilities of oral bacteria and yeast to mammalian cathelicidins.the effects of cathelicidins against oral bacteria and clinically important oral yeasts are not known. we tested the susceptibilities of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, streptococcus sanguis, candida krusei, candida tropicalis and candida albicans to the following cathelicidins: fall39, smap29, and cap18. smap29 and cap18 were antimicrobial, whereas fall39 did not exhibit antimicrobial activity. future studies are needed to determine the p ...200111600383
efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes (ii). effect on microbiological parameters.the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of self-performed supragingival plaque removal using either manual (crest complete) or power (braun 3d plaque remover) toothbrushing on supra and subgingival plaque composition.200111686813
absence of a specific subgingival microflora in adults with down's syndrome.periodontal disease in down's syndrome (ds) is generally characterized by a high degree of bone loss. bone loss of 5 mm or more is observed in 70% of these subjects. among ds subjects, considerable differences in disease progression occur. so far, no studies have been conducted in which specific properties of the subgingival microflora have been related to the condition observed.200111686820
[effect of supragingival plaque control on subgingival microflora and periodontal tissues].the aim of this study was to investigate, clinically and microbiologically, forty-four sites in 11 patients presenting with generalized chronic periodontitis. plaque index (pi), gingival index (gi), probing bleeding (pb), probing depth (pd) and insertion level (il) were registered. samples of subgingival plaque were collected in the same sites for cultivation of anaerobic bacteria and determination of microbiological morphotypes using dark field microscopy. clinical and microbiological data were ...200111705193
intra- and interspecies regulation of gene expression by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans luxs.the cell density-dependent control of gene expression is employed by many bacteria for regulating a variety of physiological functions, including the generation of bioluminescence, sporulation, formation of biofilms, and the expression of virulence factors. although periodontal organisms do not appear to secrete acyl-homoserine lactone signals, several species, e.g., porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, and fusobacterium nucleatum, have recently been shown to secrete a signal related ...200111705942
the localization of periodontal-disease-associated bacteria in human periodontal pockets.some gram-negative anaerobes are associated with the incidence and progression of periodontal disease. in periodontal pockets, however, the localization of those bacteria is unknown. we investigated the localization of 5 bacterial species in human periodontal pockets. fifteen teeth with a part of periodontal pockets from 10 adult periodontitis patients were obtained, and the localization of bacteria was examined immunohistochemically. positive reactions with anti-prevotella nigrescens antibody w ...200111706954
bacterial survival rate on tooth- and interdental brushes in relation to the use of toothpaste.previous studies indicated that oral hygiene aids can play a rôle in the intra-oral translocation of pathogens. the survival rate of cariogenic and periodontopathogenic species on toothbrushes, with and without toothpaste, and interdental brushes was presently investigated.200111737507
prior exposure of mice to fusobacterium nucleatum modulates host response to porphyromonas gingivalis.multiple periodontal pathogens sequentially colonize the subgingival niche during the conversion from gingivitis to destructive periodontal disease. an animal model of sequential immunization with key periodontal pathogens has been developed to determine whether t- and b-lymphocyte effector functions are skewed and fail to protect the host from pathogenic challenge. the present study was performed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of exposure to fusobacterium nucleatum prior to porphyromon ...200111737656
lactoferrin, amylase and mucin muc5b and their relation to the oral microflora in hyposalivation of different origins.there are several reasons for hyposalivation, each affecting the salivary composition in different ways. the aim of this study was to analyze and compare lactoferrin, amylase and mucin muc5b in stimulated whole saliva collected from subjects with hyposalivation of different origins and to relate the results to the presence of some microbial species associated with oral disorders. albumin was determined as a marker of serum leakage. the characteristic feature for subjects with radiation-induced h ...200111737657
supragingival and subgingival microbiota of adult patients with down's syndrome. changes after periodontal treatment.in this longitudinal study, five adult down's syndrome patients with periodontitis were placed on a frequent recall visit schedule (every 6 weeks) after treatment, in order to investigate: 1) the microbiological status, both supragingivally and subgingivally, and the changes that occurred after treatment and 2) the effect of frequent professional supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microbiota and clinical variables in these patients. the clinical variables recorded were probing pocke ...200111737662
lipopolysaccharides from periodontopathic bacteria porphyromonas gingivalis and capnocytophaga ochracea are antagonists for human toll-like receptor 4.toll-like receptors (tlrs) 2 and 4 have recently been identified as possible signal transducers for various bacterial ligands. to investigate the roles of tlrs in the recognition of periodontopathic bacteria by the innate immune system, a chinese hamster ovary (cho) nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab)-dependent reporter cell line, 7.7, which is defective in both tlr2- and tlr4-dependent signaling pathways was transfected with human cd14 and tlrs. when the transfectants were exposed to freeze-dried ...200211748186
regulation of human beta-defensin-2 in gingival epithelial cells: the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, but not the nf-kappab transcription factor family.stratified epithelia of the oral cavity are continually exposed to bacterial challenge that is initially resisted by neutrophils and epithelial factors, including antimicrobial peptides of the beta-defensin family. previous work has shown that multiple signaling pathways are involved in human beta-defensin (hbd)-2 mrna regulation in human gingival epithelial cells stimulated with a periodontal bacterium, fusobacterium nucleatum, and other stimulants. the goal of this study was to further charact ...200211751976
associations between serum antibody levels to periodontal pathogens and early-onset periodontitis.the role of antibodies to periodontal microorganisms in the development of periodontal tissue destruction is still unclear. the aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of igg, iga, and igm antibodies to 6 periodontal microorganisms and clinical subtypes of varying severity of early-onset periodontitis (eop) in young african american adults.200111759856
determination of diamino acids in peptidoglycans from anaerobic bacteria.peptidoglycans isolated from two fusobacterium species of anaerobic bacteria were analyzed for constituent amino acids. hydrolysis conditions were varied to optimize the yield of diamino acids from peptidoglycan. the o-phthalaldehyde derivatives of the diamino acid stereoisomers were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (opa-hplc), and variations in the relative areas of the two peaks noticed during analysis of solid samples were attributed to sampling errors. co-derivatization/in ...200111764403
the heat shock response of fusobacterium nucleatum.the heat-shock response of the oral gram-negative bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum was examined. different strains of f. nucleatum were grown at 37 c. 42 degrees c and 48 c in the presence of [35s]methionine. cellular proteins synthesised after shifts to higher temperatures were analysed by sds-page and autoradiography. strains atcc 10953, f1, f3 and fev1 exhibited heat-shock response, and major proteins were observed at 60, 70 and 90 kda. but increased protein synthesis was also observed for o ...200111767277
[septic shock with liver abscess in an immunocompetence patient. presentation of an unusual fusobacterium nucleatum infection].fusobacterium septicemia with septic metastasis is a very rare and potentially serous condition when complicated by septic shock. most cases have been described in patients with humoral immunity disorders and/or severe underlying chronic disease.200111771203
[effect and mechanism of garlic juice and hydrogen peroxide on the degradation of lipopolysaccharide].to elucidate the effect and mechanism of garlic juice and hydrogen peroxide on the degradation of lipopolysaccharide (lps).200011780236
antimicrobial activity of four root canal sealers against endodontic pathogens.the antibacterial effects of various types of widely used endodontic sealers have not been compared systematically on facultative or obligate anaerobic endodontic pathogens. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of four commonly used endodontic sealers: two epoxy-resin-based sealers (ah26, ah plus), one zinc-oxide eugenol-based sealer (n2), and one calcium hydroxide-based sealer (sealapex). the testing microbes were four facultative anaerobic species (streptococcus m ...200111800436
periapical lesion progression with controlled microbial inoculation in a type i diabetic mouse model.uncontrolled or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus may be a risk factor for the development of large and/or debilitating periapical infections. the objectives of this investigation were to: (i) determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on the pathogenesis of periapical lesions with or without specific bacterial inoculations at the exposure sites, and (ii) test the sensitivities of two microbiological techniques in detecting the persistence of the bacterial inoculum in exposed pulps of nonobese ...200211806653
[a comparative study of various evaluation methods of the antibiotic sensitivity of strict anaerobic bacteria of the subgingival flora].the study on the sensitiveness of slow-growing anaerobes bacteria to antibiotics is delicate when you consider the technical motives that make it difficult to transpose the standard methods frequently used in microbiological laboratories. the three main methods used to determine susceptibility to antibiotics are: disk-diffusion test, antibiotics containing microdilution plates and atb ana (biomérieux). the aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of each of these methods on severe anaer ...200111808376
[brain abscess in retroperitoneal perforated colonic diverticulitis].the most frequent complications in diverticular disease are local abscess, perforation with peritoneal sepsis, fistula and ileus. extraabdominal manifestation is an actual rarity. a haematogenous bacterial spread via portal vein with formation of liver abscess has seldom been described. but a complicated diverticular disease as a cause for a brain abscess is an absolute rarity. our case presents a patient with brain abscess caused by asymptomatic, retroperitoneal perforated colonic diverticulosi ...200111824027
[anaerobic infection and its rapid detection in surgical patients].to investigate anaerobic infection and its rapid detection in surgical patients.199911829950
fusobacterium nucleatum supports the growth of porphyromonas gingivalis in oxygenated and carbon-dioxide-depleted environments.the authors compared the differences in tolerance to oxygen of the anaerobic periodontopathic bacteria fusobacterium nucleatum and porphyromonas gingivalis, and explored the possibility that f. nucleatum might be able to support the growth of p. gingivalis in aerated and co2-depleted environments. both micro-organisms were grown as monocultures and in co-culture in the presence and absence of co2 and under different aerated conditions using a continuous culture system. at steady state, viable co ...200211832510
comparison of the effectiveness of bacterial culture, 16s rdna directed polymerase chain reaction, and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization for detection of fusobacterium nucleatum in endodontic infections.fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative, non-spore-forming, nonmotile, obligatory anaerobic rod that is normally isolated from the oral cavity. epidemiological studies have shown that this species is one of the most prevalent in primary root canal infections. the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of bacteriological culture, 16s rdna directed polymerase chain reaction and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization for detection of f. nucleatum strains in infected teeth associated ...200211833695
in vitro activities of the des-fluoro(6) quinolone bms-284756 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue animal and human bite wound infections.bms-284756, a new des-fluoro(6) quinolone, was very active against 240 aerobic and 180 anaerobic isolates from bite victims. it inhibited 403 of 420 (96%) isolates, including those of moraxella spp., cdc group ef-4, and eikenella corrodens at < or = 2 microg/ml and those of all pasteurella spp. and bergeyella zoohelcum at < or = 0.015 microg/ml. fusobacterium russii and 6 of 11 fusobacterium nucleatum isolates of animal bite origin were resistant, but isolates of human bite origin were susceptib ...200211850275
[retrospective analysis of fusobacterium associated infections; experience at aomori prefectural hospital with 108 cases from 1995 to 1999].we experienced 108 cases of fusobacterium associated infections, including otolaryngeal, oral, pleuropulmonary, intraabdominal, skin and soft tissue infections, at aomori prefectural hospital during the 5 year-period from 1995 to 1999. a total of 433 organisms, included 113 fusobacterium spp. (80 fusobacterium nucleatum, 18 fusobaterium necrophorum, 5 fusobacterium varium, 4 fusobacterium mortiferum, 6 fusobacterium spp.), were recovered with an average of 4.0 organisms per case of the 108 cases ...200211852471
evaluation of the rapid id 32a system for identification of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, excluding the bacteroides fragilis group.objective: to evaluate the rapid id 32a system (biomérieux, marcy-l'etoile, france) for the identification of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, excluding the bacteroides fragilis group. methods: five hundred and twenty-eight identified clinical isolates of non-b. fragilis group anaerobic gram-negative bacilli were tested in the rapid id 32a system, and identifications were compared with those obtained with conventional biochemical tests and gas-liquid chromatography. results: the rapid id 32a sys ...199911856276
dipeptide utilization by the periodontal pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens and fusobacterium nucleatum.porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens and fusobacterium nucleatum, which can frequently be isolated from periodontal pockets, preferentially utilize proteins and peptides as growth substrates. in this study, we determined the size of peptide that is preferentially utilized as a source of energy and material for cell growth by p. gingivalis, p. intermedia, p. nigrescens and f. nucleatum using various sizes of poly amino acids consisting of two to approximately 100 ...200211860556
fusobacterium nucleatum in endodontic flare-ups.the extent to which fusobacterium nucleatum is recovered from root canals of teeth that present with an interappointment flare-up following endodontic instrumentation was investigated.200211862208
antianaerobic activity of a cecropin---melittin peptide.objective: several small, 15-residue peptides that contain portions of the amino acid sequences of both cecropin a and melittin have previously been shown to have broad-spectrum antibacterial activities against aerobic microorganisms, with no undesirable hemolytic properties. it would also be useful to know what effect these hybrid peptides have on anaerobic bacteria. methods: the minimum inhibitory concentrations of one hybrid, ca(1--7)m(2--9)nh2, were compared with those of seven other antimic ...199811864323
periodontal bacteria in rabbit mandibular and maxillary abscesses.despite the high incidence of odontogenic abscesses in pet rabbits, published data on the bacteriology of these infections are lacking, and clinical cultures are often ambiguous, making antibiotic choices difficult. in order to define the bacteriology of these infections, 12 rabbit mandibular and maxillary abscesses were cultured aerobically and anaerobically. all specimens yielded pathogenic bacteria, including fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella heparinolytica, prevotella spp., peptostreptococ ...200211880435
maternal periodontitis and prematurity. part ii: maternal infection and fetal exposure.clinical data from the first 812 deliveries from a cohort study of pregnant mothers entitled oral conditions and pregnancy (ocap) demonstrate that both antepartum maternal periodontal disease and incidence/progression of periodontal disease are associated with preterm birth and growth restriction after adjusting for traditional obstetric risk factors. in the current study we present measures of maternal periodontal infection using whole chromosomal dna probes to identify 15 periodontal organisms ...200111887461
genome sequence and analysis of the oral bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum strain atcc 25586.we present a complete dna sequence and metabolic analysis of the dominant oral bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum. although not considered a major dental pathogen on its own, this anaerobe facilitates the aggregation and establishment of several other species including the dental pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis and bacteroides forsythus. the f. nucleatum strain atcc 25586 genome was assembled from shotgun sequences and analyzed using the ergo bioinformatics suite (http://www.integratedgenomics ...200211889109
subgingival microbiota of indigenous indians of central america.to define the subgingival microbial profiles of adult subjects from a previously identified rural community of indigenous indians in guatemala, central america.200211895544
[clinical and bacteriological features of six cases with intracranial abscess in childhood].from october 1988 to march 2001, 5 patients with 6 episodes of intracranial abscesses were admitted to chiba-children's hospital. average age when they were admitted was 10 years and 1 month. initial clinical symptoms were fever in 5 cases, and headache in 1 case. it took 21 days from the appearance of the initial symptoms to diagnose the intracranial abscess. four out of 5 patients had underlying diseases that were prone to cause intracranial abscess. two patients of these were cyanotic congeni ...200211905002
clinical and microbiological studies of periodontal disease in sjögren syndrome patients.little is known about the periodontal status of patients with sjögren's syndrome (ss), a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by xerophthalmia and xerostomia. the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the periodontal status of ss patients, in terms of clinical and microbiological parameters, differs from systemically healthy age- and gender-matched controls.200211908470
16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacer sequences for analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among species of the genus fusobacterium.the 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of all currently defined fusobacterium species and related taxa such as leptotrichia buccalis, sebaldella termitidis and streptobacillus moniliformans, were analysed to examine inter- and intraspecies as well as subspecies relationships. for the its-amplification, a new eubacterial universal primer pair was designed and used. the majority of the fusobacterium strains, along with l. buccalis showed one major, and two to three weaker, dist ...200211931161
in vitro effect of intracanal medicaments on strict anaerobes by means of the broth dilution method.the determination of bacterial susceptibility to intracanal medicaments is a necessity. nevertheless, few studies utilize the proper methodology to carry out that evaluation with anaerobes. in this study, the steps of a broth dilution method, carried out in microplates (microdilution) and tubes (macrodilution), to test the effect of traditional intracanal medicaments on anaerobic bacteria are described. the results are presented as values of minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (mi ...200211938715
treatment of papillon-lefèvre syndrome periodontitis.conventional mechanical treatment of papillon-lefèvre syndrome periodontitis has a poor prognosis. this report describes an effective antimicrobial treatment of rapidly progressing periodontitis in an 11-year old girl having papillon-lefèvre syndrome.200211966936
effect of fusobacterium nucleatum on the t and b cell responses to porphyromonas gingivalis in a mouse model.t cell cytokine profiles and specific serum antibody levels in five groups of balb/c mice immunized with saline alone, viable fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586, viable porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277, f. nucleatum followed by p. gingivalis and p. gingivalis followed by f. nucleatum were determined. splenic cd4 and cd8 cells were examined for intracytoplasmic interleukin (il)-4, interferon (ifn)-gamma and il-10 by dual colour flow cytometry and the levels of serum anti-f. nucleatum and anti- ...200211985513
subgingival microbiota of brazilian subjects with untreated chronic periodontitis.different periodontopathogenic microbiota have been associated with periodontal diseases in several populations. the present investigation determined the subgingival microbiota of untreated chronic periodontitis brazilians using the checkerboard dna-dna hybridization technique.200211990436
enumeration of viable anaerobic bacteria by solid phase cytometry under aerobic conditions.classical enumeration methods for anaerobes are time-consuming and require special conditions. solid phase cytometry (spc) is a recent laser scanning technique for the quantitative detection of fluorescently labelled bacteria on a membrane filter that eliminates the need for a growth phase. fluorescent labelling of cells results from the cleavage by intracellular esterases of a fluorescein type ester to yield a free fluorescein derivative, which is retained only in cells with an intact cytoplasm ...200211997163
parotid salivary s-iga antibodies during experimental gingivitis in smokers and non-smokers.persons who smoke display a less pronounced increase of gingival bleeding in the experimental gingivitis model as compared with non-smokers. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether this could partly be explained by differences in levels of parotid total secretory iga (s-iga) or parotid s-iga reactive with selected oral microorganisms. parotid saliva samples were obtained from 11 smoking and 14 non-smoking volunteers, at baseline, after 5 and 14 days of full mouth experimental gin ...200212009188
mice lacking monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 have enhanced susceptibility to an interstitial polymicrobial infection due to impaired monocyte recruitment.monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (mcp-1) is an important chemokine that induces monocyte recruitment in a number of different pathologies, including infection. to investigate the role of mcp-1 in protecting a host from a chronic interstitial polymicrobial infection, dental pulps of mcp-1(-/-) mice and controls were inoculated with six different oral pathogens. in this model the recruitment of leukocytes and the impact of a genetic deletion on the susceptibility to infection can be accurately a ...200212011011
treatment of periodontal disease in a patient with ehlers-danlos syndrome. a case report and literature review.ehlers-danlos syndrome (eds) designates a heterogeneous group of connective tissue disorders characterized by skin elasticity, tissue fragility, and chronic joint pain. dental findings have been reported with some types of eds. this case report describes the periodontal findings in a patient with a previously undiagnosed eds type viii.200212027261
effects of glucose and fluoride on competition and metabolism within in vitro dental bacterial communities and biofilms.antimicrobial effects of fluoride in vivo remain contentious. previous studies suggested that 1 mm naf reduced acid production from glucose, and prevented the enrichment of bacteria associated with caries in a chemostat model. the present study examines the effects of a lower fluoride concentration (0.53 mm, 10 ppm naf) in both biofilm and planktonic microbial communities. nine oral species were grown at ph 7.0 and pulsed on 10 successive days with glucose; bacterial metabolism was allowed to re ...200212037363
[identification of bacteria using dna probes].since the microbial specificity of periodontal diseases is well established, having a valid microbial diagnostic test is essential for a correct and a coherent treatment planning. dna probe will be used to identify and quantify the oral pathogens, most commonly associated with periodontitis. this test utilizes innovative dna probe technology to identify unique segments of dna in each of the following bacteria: bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, ...199212051174
[clinical and laboratory studies of bacterial adhesion to validate the choice of material for making provisional dentures for patients with periodontal diseases].adhesion of bacteria favoring the development of oral inflammations, including cariesogenic and periodontopathogenic (actinobacillus actinomycetemcommitans, streptococcus sanguis, fusobacterium nucleatum, staphylococcus warneri) and yeast fungi (candida albicans), to 13 materials used for making provisional dentures was studied. adhesion of all the studied bacteria and fungi to russian material esterfil foto was the minimum. clinical use of this material in patients with chronic generalized peri ...200212056141
direct amplification of rrna gene sequences for identification of selected oral pathogens in root canal infections.the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of selected oral pathogens in root canal infections and their relationship with symptoms using a highly sensitive technique, the polymerase chain reaction.200212059935
salivary microbiota levels in relation to periodontal status, experience of caries and miswak use in sudanese adults.the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the salivary levels of 25 oral bacteria in relation to periodontal status and experience of caries, and to compare the levels of these bacteria between habitual miswak and toothbrush users in adult sudanese subjects.200212060423
possible association between amniotic fluid micro-organism infection and microflora in the mouth.to determine whether oral bacteria are found in the amniotic cavity.200212066942
tales of the unexpected. 200212088653
influence of secondary colonizers and human plasma on the adherence of porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro.the influence of secondary colonizers (fusobacterium nucleatum and actinomyces naeslundii) and the effect of human plasma on the adherence of porphyromonas gingivalis were investigated. hydroxyapatite (hap) discs coated with streptococcus sanguis were immersed in a 3h-labeled bacterial cell suspension of f. nucleatum or a. naeslundii and then in a 14c-labeled p. gingivalis cell suspension. bacterial cells on the discs were pyrolysed to quantify the radioisotopes released. the cell numbers of sec ...200212120708
3-chloro-dl-alanine resistance by l-methionine-alpha-deamino-gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase activity.the antibacterial agent 3-chloro-dl-alanine (3ca) is an inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis. fusobacterium nucleatum and porphyromonas gingivalis, the bacteria responsible for oral malodor, are shown to be resistant to 1 mm 3ca, whereas streptococcus mutans and escherichia coli are sensitive to this antibacterial agent at the same concentration. we isolated the 3ca resistance gene from f. nucleatum and showed that the gene encodes an l-methionine-alpha-deamino-gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase that c ...200212123816
regulation of riboflavin biosynthesis and transport genes in bacteria by transcriptional and translational attenuation.the riboflavin biosynthesis in bacteria was analyzed using comparative analysis of genes, operons and regulatory elements. a model for regulation based on formation of alternative rna structures involving the rfn elements is suggested. in gram-positive bacteria including actinomycetes, thermotoga, thermus and deinococcus, the riboflavin metabolism and transport genes are predicted to be regulated by transcriptional attenuation, whereas in most gram-negative bacteria, the riboflavin biosynthesis ...200212136096
contamination of interdental brushes by periodontopathogens.experimental studies have shown that intraoral transmission of bacteria can occur. of course, the question arises as to how this transmission may happen. in this study, the contamination of interdental brushes by periodontopathogens is examined and compared to the microbial load of the periodontal pockets. in ten untreated chronic periodontitis patients, four interdental sites were professionally brushed with one interdental brush per patient. subsequently, samples from the depths of the pockets ...200212166717
microbial profile on metallic and ceramic bracket materials.the placement of orthodontic appliances creates a favorable environment for the accumulation of a microbiota and food residues, which, in time, may cause caries or exacerbate any pre-existing periodontal disease. the purpose of the present study was to compare the total bacterial counts present on metallic and ceramic orthodontic brackets in order to clarify which bracket type has a higher plaque retaining capacity and to determine the levels of streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus spp on both ...200212169034
update on the taxonomy and clinical aspects of the genus fusobacterium.the genus fusobacterium currently includes 13 species. fusobacterium nucleatum, the most frequently encountered species in humans, is heterogeneous and currently includes 5 subspecies. a potentially new subspecies of f. nucleatum that is intrinsically quinolone-resistant and phylogenetically separate from the other 5 subspecies has been identified from dog and cat oral flora. two subspecies have been described for fusobacterium necrophorum, and a new species, fusobacterium equinum, which is rela ...200212173104
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and proteomics: a new era in anaerobic microbiology.genome sequence data provide a framework for predicting potential microbial activities; however, the proteome content of the cell dictates its response to its environment. microbiology is witnessing a major initiative to elucidate the nature of the proteome of large numbers of species. the tool driving the proteomic revolution is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. during the analysis process, proteins are ionized and separated on the basis of their mass ...200212173110
microbiological, immunological and genetic factors in family members with periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease, associated with hematological disorders.the microflora, immunological profiles of host defence functions, and human leukocyte antigen (hla) findings are reported for a mother, son and daughter who were diagnosed as having 'periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases, associated with hematological disorders'. examinations were made of the bacterial flora from the periodontal pocket, neutrophil chemotaxis, neutrophil phagocytosis, and the genotypes (dqb1) and serotypes (dr locus) of hla class ii antigens. phenotypic analyses o ...200212200976
pcr-based identification of bacteria associated with endodontic infections.pcr primers that target the bacterial 16s rrna genes (or the tuf gene for the genus enterococcus) were used to identify 10 putative bacterial pathogens in root canals with necrotic pulp. in addition, the associations of these microorganisms with symptoms and a history of diabetes mellitus were investigated. microbial samples from the root canals of 24 teeth with necrotic pulp were included in the study. pcr with universal bacterial primers identified bacterial dna in 22 specimens; the remaining ...200212202557
[microbiological validation of the choice of basic plastic for removable dentures].adhesion of obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria, favoring the development of oral inflammatory diseases, including the cariesogenic and periodontogenic bacteria and candida albicans fungi, isolated from patients with periodontitis, to 13 basic materials used in removable denture making, was studied. the adhesion of all bacteria (streptococcus sanguis, prevotella melangogenica, fusobacterium nucleatum, corynebacterium xerosis) and fungi to hot polymerization basic materials was the maximu ...200212224327
activity of endodontic antibacterial agents against selected anaerobic bacteria.the antimicrobial activity of substances used as antibacterial agents (solutions of 10% calcium hydroxide, camphorated paramonochlorophenol - pmcc, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and 10% castor oil plant detergent) on anaerobic bacteria (fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586, prevotella nigrescens atcc 33563, clostridium perfringens atcc 13124 and bacteroidesfragilis atcc 25285), using a broth dilution technique, was evaluated in vitro. for determination of minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericide ...200212238802
sequence conservation and distribution of the fusobacterial immunosuppressive protein gene, fipa.fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobe involved in various diseases, including periodontitis. recently, other investigators isolated the f. nucleatum fdc 364 fusobacterial immunosuppressive protein (fip). one subunit, fipa, impairs t-cell activation in vitro and shows homology with beta-ketothiolases. however, its distribution and variability among fusobacteria was not reported. cloned fipa gene sequences from f. nucleatum ssp. polymorphum (atcc 10953) and f. nucleatum ssp. nucleatu ...200212354214
in vitro activities of faropenem against 579 strains of anaerobic bacteria.the activity of faropenem, a new oral penem, was tested against 579 strains of anaerobic bacteria by using the nccls-approved reference method. drugs tested included amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefoxitin, clindamycin, faropenem, imipenem, and metronidazole. of the 176 strains of bacteroides fragilis group isolates tested, two isolates had faropenem mics of 64 micro g/ml and imipenem mics of >32 micro g/ml. faropenem had an mic of 16 micro g/ml for an additional isolate of b. fragilis; this strain w ...200212384389
cloning and characterization of the l-cysteine desulfhydrase gene of fusobacterium nucleatum.hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan are the two major compounds associated with oral malodor. these compounds are highly toxic, and are thought to play an important role in periodontal disease. fusobacterium nucleatum, an oral bacterium, produces large amounts of hydrogen sulfide from l-cysteine by the enzymatic action of l-cysteine desulfhydrase. we cloned and sequenced the cdl gene encoding l-cysteine desulfhydrase from f. nucleatum atcc 10953, and revealed that the structural cdl gene consi ...200212393204
recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a glossal abscess in an adolescent.glossal abscess is infrequent in children. anaerobic bacteria are rarely recovered from this infection and never have been reported in children or adolescents. a 15-year-old patient presented with a tongue abscess following trauma. aspirate of the abscess yielded polymicrobial anaerobic flora: prevotella melaninogenica, fusobacterium nucleatum, and peptostreptococcus micros. the patient recovered following incision and drainage and 14 days of antimicrobial therapy with clindamycin. this report i ...200212395007
growth ph and transient increases in amino acid availability influence polyglucose synthesis by fusobacterium nucleatum grown in continuous culture.fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobe that has been implicated in the aetiology of several diseases including periodontal diseases. like other fusobacteria, it derives energy from the fermentation of amino acids and, in resting (non-growing) cells, this enables the organism to transport glucose and synthesise intracellular polyglucose (ip). the continued availability and fermentation of amino acids inhibits ip breakdown. we have grown f. nucleatum in continuous culture in a chemica ...200212399036
fusobacterium osteomyelitis in a child with sickle cell disease.children who have sickle cell disease are at increased risk for osteomyelitis caused by salmonella spp. and staphylococcus aureus. we report a case of anaerobic osteomyelitis caused by fusobacterium nucleatum in a child with sickle cell disease. the infection did not resolve with antibiotic therapy alone, but was cured after surgical debridement and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.200212400529
effect of il-1ra on human dental pulp cells and pulpal inflammation.this study was conducted to investigate the effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (il-1ra) on the lps-induced interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) synthesis in human dental pulp cells and to assess the role of il-1ra in pulpal inflammation.200212406373
phenolic antibacterials from piper betle in the prevention of halitosis.piper betle l. (piperaceae) leaves which are traditionally used in india and china in the prevention of oral malodor was examined by bioassay-guided fractionation to yield allylpyrocatechol (apc) as the major active principle which showed promising activity against obligate oral anaerobes responsible for halitosis. the biological studies with apc indicated that the potential to reduce methylmercaptan and hydrogen sulfide was mainly due to the anti-microbial activity as established using dynamic ...200212413722
structural characterization of the fusobacterial non-specific porin foma suggests a 14-stranded topology, unlike the classical porins.native and recombinant foma proteins were extracted by detergent from the cell envelopes of fusobacterium nucleatum and escherichia coli, and purified to near homogeneity by chromatography. circular dichroism analysis revealed that the foma protein consists predominantly of beta-sheets, in line with the previously proposed 16-stranded beta-barrel topology model. results obtained by trypsin treatment of intact cells and cell envelopes of f. nucleatum, and from limited proteolysis of purified foma ...200212427931
antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin against periodontal anaerobic pathogens involved in systemic infections.the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin was compared with that of penicillin g, amoxycillin/clavulanate, cefoxitin, erythromycin, clindamycin and metronidazole against 158 isolates associated with periodontal infections. mic(50)/mic(90) values of moxifloxacin were respectively 0.06/0.5 mg/l for porphyromonas gingivalis (35), for prevotella spp. (28) and actinomyces spp. (35), 0.12/0.25 mg/l for fusobacterium nucleatum (20) and 0.06/0.12 mg/l for peptostreptococcus spp. (30). the minimum inhibitory ...200212458140
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