| primary psoas abscess due to fusobacterium nucleatum. | a case of primary pyogenic psoas abscess due to fusobacterium nucleatum is described. clinicians must maintain a high index of clinical suspicion for the diagnosis of psoas abscess. although staphylococcus aureus accounts for most cases of primary psoas abscess, this report emphasizes the importance of bacteriological confirmation of the microorganism involved. | 1999 | 10482067 |
| microbiological features of papillon-lefèvre syndrome periodontitis. | papillon-lefevre syndrome patients exhibit hyperkeratosis palmo-plantaris and severe periodontitis. the syndrome is an autosomal recessive trait, but the mechanism of periodontal destruction is not known. this report presents the clinical and microbiological features of an 11-year old girl with papillon-lefèvre syndrome. clinical examination included conventional periodontal measurements and radiographic analysis. in samples from 3 deep periodontal lesions, the occurrence of major suspected peri ... | 1999 | 10487314 |
| 2-hydroxyglutaryl-coa dehydratase from clostridium symbiosum. | component d (hgdab) of 2-hydroxyglutaryl-coa dehydratase from clostridium symbiosum was purified to homogeneity. it is able to use component a from acidaminococcus fermentans (hgdc) to initiate catalysis together with atp, mg2+ and a strong reducing agent such as ti(iii)citrate. component d from c. symbiosum has a 6 x higher specific activity compared with that from a. fermentans and contains a second [4fe-4s] cluster but the same amount of riboflavin 5'-phosphate (1.0 per heterodimeric enzyme, ... | 1999 | 10491198 |
| establishment of oral anaerobes during the first year of life. | anaerobic species constitute a significant part of the bacterial community of the mouth. although the time and species involved in the primary colonization of infants are of great importance by forming the basis for further colonization, the development of the oral anaerobic microflora with age is still inadequately understood. in the present study, time and succession of colonization of oral anaerobes were longitudinally examined in 44 healthy caucasian infants at 2, 6, and 12 months of age. un ... | 1999 | 10520968 |
| utilization of d-amino acids by fusobacterium nucleatum and fusobacterium varium. | the utilization of d- and l-amino acids with acidic, basic or polar side chains was demonstrated by hplc. two species of the anaerobe fusobacterium utilized d-lysine and the l isomers of glutamate, glutamine, histidine, lysine and serine. only f. varium used l-arginine, d-glutamate and d-serine as substrates, whereas f. nucleatum specifically utilized d-histidine and d-glutamine. d-glutamate accumulated in f. nucleatum cultures supplemented with d-glutamine, and ornithine was detected when eithe ... | 1999 | 10524276 |
| an evaluation of the action of different root canal irrigants on facultative aerobic-anaerobic, obligate anaerobic, and microaerophilic bacteria. | the aim of this study was to test the effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and cetrimide on the following bacterial strains: facultative aerobes-anaerobes: candida albicans atcc 10231; enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212; escherichia coli atcc 25,922; pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27,853; streptococcus mitis atcc 9811; streptococcus mutans atcc 35668; streptococcus salivarius atcc 13419; and streptococcus sanguis atcc 10556. microaerophiles: actinobacillus actinom ... | 1999 | 10530260 |
| dexamethasone differentially regulates cytokine transcription and translation in macrophages responding to bacteria or okadaic acid. | many microorganisms and microbial products induce expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (il-1alpha/beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in macrophages, primarily by transcriptional activation. we show here, by using mouse macrophages in primary culture, that pre-treatment with dexamethasone inhibits bacteria-induced il-1beta expression as mrna and cellular pro-il-1beta in parallel, consistent with an effect primarily on transcriptional activation. in contra ... | 1999 | 10530874 |
| arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction for identification and epidemiologic subtyping of oral isolates of fusobacterium nucleatum. | fusobacterium nucleatum is the most frequently isolated bacterium in periodontal disease and plays an important role in serious infections in other parts of the body. arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction (ap-pcr) was used to construct primers for specific identification and subtyping of f. nucleatum. subtypes may differ in virulence and, hence, are important as periodontal pathogens. subtypes also may differ in antibiotic susceptibility; therefore, knowing the subtypes may influence choi ... | 1999 | 10534075 |
| infective endocarditis due to fusobacterium nucleatum in an intravenous drug abuser. | infective endocarditis due to anaerobic non-spore-forming gram-negative bacilli in intravenous drug abusers is exceedingly rare, with only two cases being previously reported in the literature. a case of endocarditis due to fusobacterium nucleatum in an intravenous drug abuser is reported, accompanied by a review of the literature. | 1999 | 10534188 |
| enhanced interleukin-8 production in thp-1 human monocytic cells by lipopolysaccharide from oral microorganisms and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. | granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) has been used to assist in bone marrow recovery during cancer chemotherapy. interleukin-8 (il-8) plays an important role in macrophage mediated inflammatory processes including exacerbation of periodontal diseases, one of the most common complications in gm-csf receiving cancer patients. the effect of gm-csf supplementation on il-8 production was investigated in a human monocyte cell line thp-1, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide extracte ... | 1999 | 10551153 |
| nosocomial sinusitis with isolation of anaerobic bacteria in icu patients. | to determine the frequency and the eventual clinical characteristics of nosocomial sinusitis with anaerobic bacteria isolation in patients in the intensive care unit (icu). | 1999 | 10551960 |
| acquisition of plasmin activity by fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum and potential contribution to tissue destruction during periodontitis. | fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum has been associated with a variety of oral and nonoral infections such as periodontitis, pericarditis, bone infections, and brain abscesses. several studies have shown the role of plasmin, a plasma serine protease, in increasing the invasive capacity of microorganisms. in this study, we investigated the binding of human plasminogen to f. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, and its subsequent activation into plasmin. plasminogen-binding activity of bacterial cells ... | 1999 | 10569761 |
| fusobacterium nucleatum empyema necessitans. | | 1999 | 10585835 |
| longitudinal study of dental implants in a periodontally compromised population. | the purpose of this longitudinal study was to determine the clinical status and the composition of the subgingival microbiota of dental implants and natural teeth in patients with a history of periodontitis. | 1999 | 10588495 |
| pre- and post-implantation microbiota of the tongue, teeth, and newly placed implants. | this investigation sought intra-oral sources of species colonizing dental implants. | 1999 | 10599911 |
| peptostreptococcus micros coaggregates with fusobacterium nucleatum and non-encapsulated porphyromonas gingivalis. | coaggregation is one of the potential colonization strategies of oral microorganisms, often involving fimbrial structures in the interactions. in this study, the coaggregation characteristics of the rough and smooth genotypes of the periodontal pathogen peptostreptococcus micros were compared to investigate the role of the fibril-like structures of the rough genotype in coaggregation. of the 11 oral species tested, only fusobacterium nucleatum strains and non-encapsulated porphyromonas gingivali ... | 2000 | 10612731 |
| comparing periodontal disease in identical twins: a case report. | previous investigators have shown that numerous environmental and genetic variables may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. this case report presents clinical and laboratory findings of a set of caucasian female identical twins. one patient presented clinically with mild gingivitis and no clinical or radiographic signs of periodontitis. the other exhibited gingivitis with localized, moderate-to-severe periodontitis. neither patient reported a history of systemic conditions tha ... | 1999 | 10634119 |
| in vitro volatile sulfur compound production of oral bacteria in different culture media. | the purpose of this study was to detect the relative contribution of porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, and prevotella intermedia in the production of oral malodor. | 1999 | 10635291 |
| native plasmids of fusobacterium nucleatum: characterization and use in development of genetic systems. | three native plasmids of fusobacterium nucleatum were characterized, including dna sequence analysis of one plasmid, pfn1. a shuttle plasmid, phs17, capable of transforming escherichia coli and f. nucleatum atcc 10953 was constructed with pfn1. phs17 was stably maintained in the f. nucleatum transformants, and differences in the transformation efficiencies suggested the presence of a restriction-modification system in f. nucleatum. | 2000 | 10648549 |
| the effect of scaling and root planing on the clinical and microbiological parameters of periodontal diseases: 12-month results. | previously, we reported that srp resulted in a decrease in mean pocket depth and attachment level and reduced prevalence and levels of bacteroidesforsythus, porphyromonas gingivalis, and treponema denticola at 3 and 6 months post-srp in 57 subjects with adult periodontitis. 32 of the 57 subjects were monitored at 9 and 12 months. thus, the purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the microbial and clinical effects of srp in 32 (mean age 48+/-11) subjects over a 12-month period. | 2000 | 10674959 |
| isolation and characterization of a human neutrophil aggregation defective mutant of fusobacterium nucleatum. | fusobacterium nucleatum is known to adhere to human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) and cause them to aggregate. in this study, we isolated a spontaneously occurring aggregation defective (agg(-)) mutant and this mutant will be used for future study of the interactions between this bacterium and human pmn. genomic dna fingerprinting by random-primed polymerase chain reaction method revealed a difference between the parent strain and the agg(-) mutant. this mutant also showed an altered phen ... | 2000 | 10683469 |
| beta-lactamases producing anaerobic bacteria in dentoalveolar abscesses. | pus samples of 30 patients with closed dentoalveolar abscesses who had not received antimicrobial therapy for at last two months were screened for the presence of beta-lactamase-producing anaerobic bacteria. from these 30 pus samples, a total of 112 bacterial strains were isolated; 83 of them were strict anaerobes and 29 were aerobes. beta-lactamases activity of the selected anaerobic bacteria was tested after identification of the isolates and was detected in 5 of the total 83 (6%) strict anaer ... | 1999 | 10693296 |
| isolation of fusobacteria from the oral cavities of malnourished nigerian children living in agricultural and herding villages. | a previous study demonstrated the presence and possible involvement of fusobacterium necrophorum in the pathogenesis of noma lesions of children living in agricultural and herding villages in northwestern nigeria. in order to determine if f. necrophorum was part of the oral flora of malnourished children with no noma lesions, a study of the fusobacteria present in the oral cavities of 30 children, 2-6 years of age in sokoto state, was undertaken. swabs taken of the oral cavity were cultured on s ... | 2000 | 10702787 |
| induction of apoptotic cell death in peripheral blood mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells by an oral bacterium, fusobacterium nucleatum. | it is largely unknown why a variety of bacteria present in the oral cavity are capable of establishing themselves in the periodontal pockets of nonimmunocompromised individuals in the presence of competent immune effector cells. in this paper we present evidence for the immunosuppressive role of fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative oral bacterium which plays an important role in the generation of periodontal disease. our studies indicate that the immunosuppressive role of f. nucleatum is lar ... | 2000 | 10722579 |
| inflammatory cytokine production and specific antibody responses to lipopolysaccharide from endodontopathic black-pigmented bacteria in patients with multilesional periapical periodontitis. | we examined the induction of the cytokines interleukin (il)-1 beta, il-6, and il-8 by lipopolysaccharides (lpss) from several species of possible endodontopathic black-pigmented bacteria. studies were conducted in human whole blood cultures from six patients (two from each group) with differing numbers of periapical periodontitis lesions (i.e. patients with radiographically clear periapical lesions in 10 or more teeth (high-lesion group, n = 4), in one or two teeth (low-lesion group, n = 6), and ... | 1999 | 10726523 |
| development of a clindamycin-impregnated fiber as an intracanal medication in endodontic therapy. | the effectiveness of traditional endodontic intracanal medications in reducing bacterial numbers and preventing acute flare-ups and pain continues to be questioned. in the present study, a new local delivery device was developed that releases a substantive dose of clindamycin into root canals. clindamycin-impregnated ethylene vinyl acetate (eva) fibers were produced, and the sensitivity of common endodontic microbes to the fibers were established. an in vitro model was developed to persistently ... | 1999 | 10726537 |
| streptococcus viridans intra-amniotic infection associated with antecedent cunnilingus. | introduction of bacteria into the amniotic cavity has been associated with oral sex through an ascending infectious route. previous reports have implicated both capnocytophaga and fusobacterium nucleatum via this process. we report a case of streptococcus viridans intra-amniotic infection occurring at 25 weeks' gestation. patient questioning revealed a close temporal relationship between the onset of symptoms and previous episodes of cunnilingus. the diagnosis of subclinical bacterial colonizati ... | 1999 | 10755795 |
| development of oral bacterial flora in young children. | the intimate relationship with bacteria is a fundamental factor in the health status of an individual. after birth infants are exposed to continuous person-to-person and environmental contacts with microbes, and the development of the indigenous microflora begins on the surfaces of the human body. in a developing ecosystem microbial colonization may easily occur because of the still inadequate host response. adhesion is the initial event in the colonization of bacteria. in the mouth, only mucosa ... | 2000 | 10766401 |
| bacterial colonisation during gtr treatment. a longitudinal analysis. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term biological and clinical effects of a controlled delivery system releasing tetracyclines during the healing of interproximal periodontal defects treated by the technique of guided tissue regeneration (gtr) using e-ptfe membranes. | 1999 | 10768009 |
| inducible expression of human beta-defensin 2 by fusobacterium nucleatum in oral epithelial cells: multiple signaling pathways and role of commensal bacteria in innate immunity and the epithelial barrier. | human gingival epithelial cells (hge) express two antimicrobial peptides of the beta-defensin family, human beta-defensin 1 (hbd-1) and hbd-2, as well as cytokines and chemokines that contribute to innate immunity. in the present study, the expression and transcriptional regulation of hbd-2 was examined. hbd-2 mrna was induced by cell wall extract of fusobacterium nucleatum, an oral commensal microorganism, but not by that of porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen. hbd-2 mrna was also ... | 2000 | 10768988 |
| profile of subgingival microbiota in children with primary dentition. | eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. the aim of the study was to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of primary incisors, canines and molars in 40 systemically healthy children aged 4-5 yr, chosen randomly. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of primary incisors (61, 81), canines (53, 73) and molars (64, 84). the samples were cultured for bacterial isolat ... | 2000 | 10791707 |
| the prevalence of pathogenic periodontal microflora in healthy young adult smokers. | smoking is a major risk factor in periodontitis, although the mechanisms of its effects are not well understood. the overall goal of this clinical study was to determine if smoking enhances the colonization of the oral cavity by pathogenic bacteria in a periodontitis-free population. the prevalence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, bacteroides forsythus, and treponema denti ... | 2000 | 10807119 |
| interactions between periodontal bacteria and human oral epithelial cells: fusobacterium nucleatum adheres to and invades epithelial cells. | bacteria are causative agents of periodontal diseases. interactions between oral bacteria and gingival epithelial cells are essential aspects of periodontal infections. using an in vitro tissue culture model, a selected group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria frequently associated with periodontal diseases, including bacteroides forsythus, campylobacter curvus, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, and prevotella intermedia, were examined for their ability to ... | 2000 | 10816455 |
| review of the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic pathogens. | published reports on the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin mesylate (sb 265805), a new fluoronaphthyridone, against anaerobic pathogens are reviewed here. the studies used a variety of media, inocula and antimicrobial agents. using a proposed breakpoint of 0.5 mg/l, these studies showed that gemifloxacin had generally higher potency against gram-positive anaerobes (clostridium perfringens, all peptostreptococcus spp.) and fusobacteria (fusobacterium nucleatum, fusobacterium necrophorum) and mode ... | 2000 | 10824034 |
| the response to oxidative stress of fusobacterium nucleatum grown in continuous culture. | fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953 was grown in continuous culture and the atmosphere changed stepwise from nitrogen (anaerobiosis) to a mixture of air: oxygen (40:60). no significant differences in biomass were observed and the baseline low level of superoxide dismutase increased only slightly; catalase and peroxidase activities were never detected but the level of nadh oxidase increased more than three-fold when oxygen was introduced into the system. in relation to acidic end-products, the rel ... | 2000 | 10828396 |
| retrospective identification and characterization of candida dubliniensis isolates among candida albicans clinical laboratory isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and non-hiv-infected individuals. | fungal opportunistic infections, and in particular those caused by the various candida species, have gained considerable significance as a cause of morbidity and, often, mortality. the newly described species candida dubliniensis phenotypically resembles candida albicans so closely that it is easily misidentified as such. the present study was designed to determine the frequency at which this new species is not recognized in the clinical laboratory, to determine the patient populations with whic ... | 2000 | 10835022 |
| periodontopathic bacteria in english hiv-seropositive persons. | selected periodontopathic bacteria were sought in 20 hiv-infected english patients and eight noninfected control subjects with similar periodontal status, using highly specific dna probes. actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (a. a), porphyromonas gingivalis, campylobacter rectus, prevotella intermedia, and fusobacterium nucleatum were more frequently detected and were found at higher levels in hiv-infected individuals than in controls. significantly increased levels of treponema denticola but, ... | 1999 | 10842858 |
| the fusobacterium nucleatum porin foma possesses the general topology of the non-specific porins. | foma is a major non-specific porin of fusobacterium nucleatum with no sequence similarity to other known porins. according to the topology model, the protein consists of 16 transmembrane beta-strands, connected by eight surface-exposed loops and seven periplasmic turns. in this study, the insertion mutagenesis approach was applied to probe the topology model. a semliki forest virus (sfv) epitope was successfully inserted at 11 different sites of the foma protein and a 6-aa insertion was successf ... | 2000 | 10846222 |
| identification of candida dubliniensis in a study of hiv-seropositive pediatric dental patients. | the combination of an immature immune system and suppressed cellular immunity in children with hiv infections provides optimal conditions for rapid disease progression. as a result, pediatric aids has become a major epidemiological challenge. oral fungal colonization remains one of the most common opportunistic infections observed in both adult and pediatric hiv infected patients. although candida albicans is the most frequently isolated opportunistic fungal species, a recently characterized can ... | 2000 | 10846737 |
| in vitro activity of rifaximin, metronidazole and vancomycin against clostridium difficile and the rate of selection of spontaneously resistant mutants against representative anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, including ammonia-producing species. | rifaximin is a rifamycin derivative characterized by a wide antibacterial activity. this drug is neither absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract nor inactivated by gastric juices, and exerts its action entirely within the intestinal lumen. | 2000 | 10859431 |
| lipopolysaccharide induces expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and the elastin-degrading enzyme, cathepsin s, in human cervical smooth-muscle cells. | vaginal and amniotic infection with gram-negative bacteria is associated with preterm birth. we previously reported that human cervical smooth-muscle cells (csmc) respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines by expressing enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix. our objective was to characterize the effects of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli (e coli), bacteroides fragilis, (b frag)and fusobacterium nucleatum (f nuc)on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the elastin-deg ... | 2000 | 10865188 |
| effects of streptococcus crista and human saliva on the viability of fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953. | associations with facultative species might help planktonic oral anaerobes survive when they traverse saliva. this study investigated whether co-aggregation with streptococcus crista atcc 51110 enhanced the viability of fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953. two tubes each of co-aggregates and fus. nucleatum atcc 10953 alone were prepared. one of each set was resuspended in buffer, and the other in clarified saliva from each of 20 donors. after 1 h, cells were stained for viability. the median perc ... | 2000 | 10869478 |
| suspected periodontopathic microorganisms and their oral habitats in young children. | samples of subgingival plaque from 67 children, 5-7 years of age, were examined for the presence of certain suspected periodontal pathogenic species using the conventional technique of anaerobic sonification, dilution and spiral plating. when this technique was compared with a direct plating procedure which involved no preliminary dispersion and dilution of plaque specimens, it was found that the direct method resulted in double the frequency of children in whom black-pigmented bacteroides (bpb) ... | 1987 | 10870469 |
| influence of antimicrobial subinhibitory concentrations on hemolytic activity and bacteriocin-like substances in oral fusobacterium nucleatum. | fusobacterium nucleatum is considered for its role in colonization of initial and late microorganisms in dental plaque and for its coaggregation with other bacterial species. it is known that action of different antimicrobial substances may interfere with either virulence factors or with host-bacteria interaction. the goal of this study was to examine the influence of subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine, triclosan, penicillin g and metronidazole on hemolytic activity and bacteriocin-li ... | 2000 | 10872683 |
| features of severe periodontal disease in a teenager with chédiak-higashi syndrome. | chédiak-higashi syndrome (c-hs) is a rare congenital disease characterized by defective neutrophil function with abnormal lysosomal inclusions, neutropenia, and reduced chemotaxis. the complete syndrome includes oculocutaneous albinism with photophobia, neurologic features, recurrent infections, and enterocolitis. | 2000 | 10872965 |
| the periodontal abscess (i). clinical and microbiological findings. | little information is available regarding the diagnosis and microbiology of periodontal abscesses. the aim of this descriptive clinical and microbiological study was to provide more information in order to help in the characterisation of the periodontal abscess associated to periodontitis. | 2000 | 10883867 |
| prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains among 149 anaerobic gram-negative rods isolated from periodontal pockets. | in a prospective study, 47 adults presenting a rapidly progressive periodontitis were selected in order to evaluate the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains among oral anaerobic gram-negative rods. predominant anaerobes were identified from two of the deepest periodontal pockets. beta-lactamase-positive strains fulfilled to at least two of three criteria: positive nitrocefin test, penicillin etest minimal inhibitory concentration > 1 microgram/ml, and disk diffusion synergy between amo ... | 1999 | 10895690 |
| in vitro activities of mk-826 (l-749,345) against 363 strains of anaerobic bacteria. | the activity of mk-826 was compared to the activities of cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem against 363 gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes by using nccls procedures. at least 98% of the strains were susceptible to the carbapenems. all strains of clostridium perfringens, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus, and sutterella wadsworthensis were susceptible to all agents tested. | 2000 | 10898709 |
| toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice have reduced bone destruction following mixed anaerobic infection. | c3h/hej mice have an impaired ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide (lps) due to a mutation in the gene that encodes toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). the effect of tlr4 deficiency on host responses to endodontic infections is unknown. in the present study, we compared periapical bone destruction, sepsis, and inflammatory cytokine production in lps-hyporesponsive c3h/hej and wild-type control c3h/heouj mice. the mandibular first molars of both strains were subjected to pulpal exposure and infectio ... | 2000 | 10899873 |
| interleukin-1 receptor signaling rather than that of tumor necrosis factor is critical in protecting the host from the severe consequences of a polymicrobe anaerobic infection. | infection of the dental pulp leads to an osteolytic lesion that results from a polymicrobial infection consisting largely of pathogenic anaerobes. infection causes significant morbidity and mortality mediated by bacterial factors and in some cases by the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf), in particular, play a complex and central role in the responses to microbial pathogens. however, relatively little is known ... | 2000 | 10899881 |
| characterization of bacterial orofacial infections using a new murine model. | we devised a new murine orofacial infection model using bacteria from odontogenic infection origins and characterized the experimental infections. in this model, bacteria were injected into the submandible of mice. streptococcus constellatus and peptostreptococcus micros produced a single abscess at the injection site and their abscess-forming and lethal abilities were low: the median abscess-forming dose (af(50)) of s. constellatus and p. micros were 10(8.5-10.7)and 10(10.2-10.6)cfu/mouse, and ... | 2000 | 10906266 |
| fusobacterial infections: an underestimated threat. | the involvement of fusobacteria in a wide range of human and animal infection has long been recognised. slow-growing anaerobes, often in polymicrobial culture, they are not always identified but are present mainly in the oropharynx, from where they are bloodborne to other sites or aspirated into the lung. fusobacterium nucleatum is commonly found in periodontal disease and produces tissue irritants such as butyric acid, proteases and cytokines. it has strong adhesive properties due to the presen ... | 2000 | 10912293 |
| "checkerboard" assessments of periodontal microbiota and serum antibody responses: a case-control study. | we explored the association between subgingival microbial profiles and serum igg responses to periodontal microbiota in relation to clinical periodontal status. | 2000 | 10914791 |
| tetracycline fibres used to control bacterial infection during guided tissue regeneration (gtr). | the colonization of suspected periodontal pathogens during the healing of periodontal defects treated by guided tissue regeneration (gtr) with e-ptfe membranes and tetracycline fibers was investigated. | 2000 | 10932905 |
| enhanced interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by lps stimulated human monocytes isolated from hiv+ patients. | periodontal disease and tooth loss is a common finding among advanced hiv+ patients. in addition to local oral lipopolysaccharide (lps) stimulation, systemic up-regulation of monocyte pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion may also be involved in the pathogenesis of hiv disease. a study was undertaken to investigate il-1beta, il-6 and tnf-alpha production by resting and lps stimulated monocytes isolated from hiv+ patients and also to investigate the relationship of the patient's hiv viral load stat ... | 2000 | 10946822 |
| comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue animal and human bite wound infections. | we studied the comparative in vitro activities of abt-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 10(4) cfu/spot for aerobes and 10(5) cfu for anaerobes. the following are the mic ranges and mics at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic(90)s) of abt-773 for various isolates, respectively: pasteurella multocida and pasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 microg/ml; other pasteurella species, 0.125 to ... | 2000 | 10952607 |
| fusobacterium nucleatum involvement in adult periodontitis and possible modification of strain classification. | this investigation was designed to evaluate the involvement of fusobacterium nucleatum clinical strains in adult periodontitis by subspecies and expression of hemagglutination activity. | 2000 | 10960022 |
| identification of periodontal disease-associated bacteria in the "plaque-free zone". | subgingival plaque bacteria live within a biofilm covered with glycocalyx, and little is known of the bacterial species associated with biofilm formation at the bottom of human periodontal pockets, the so-called "plaque-free zone"(pfz). | 2000 | 10972648 |
| laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections. | anaerobic organisms play a major role in pleuropulmonary infections. clinical manifestations range from simple aspiration to acute, severe, necrotizing pneumonias to chronic infections, such as lung abscess and empyema. implicated pathogens are usually of endogenous origin. laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections is based on recovering the etiological agent from clinical specimens. appropriate specimens include pleuml fluid, transtracheal aspirates, transthoracic aspirates a ... | 2000 | 10983929 |
| b-cell deficiency predisposes mice to disseminating anaerobic infections: protection by passive antibody transfer. | we have previously demonstrated that a high proportion of rag-2 scid knockout mice, which lack t and b cells, develop orofacial abscesses and disseminated infections following pulpal infection, whereas immunocompetent control mice do not. in the present study, we sought to identify the components of the adaptive immune response which contribute to protection against disseminating anaerobic infections and sepsis. for this purpose, various genetically engineered immunodeficient mice were employed, ... | 2000 | 10992465 |
| [analysis using elisa test of antibody response to fusobacterium nucleatum and eikenella corrodens in subjects with periodontal disease]. | to know the synthesis of igg, iga, and igm to fusobacterium nucleatum and eikenella corrodens in serum, crevicular liquid and saliva in subjects with periodontal disease, using elisa test. | 2000 | 10996873 |
| the microbial spectrum of brain abscess with special reference to anaerobic bacteria. | the bacteriological and clinical findings of 18 cases of brain abscess are presented. identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic strains was performed both by conventional methods and the newer rapid ana ii panel and e-test methods, respectively. characterization of the anaerobic isolates was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). anaerobic or aerobic organisms alone were recovered in three (16.6%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic in another three (16.6%) pati ... | 1998 | 11013664 |
| detection of major putative periodontopathogens in korean advanced adult periodontitis patients using a nucleic acid-based approach. | although extensive microbial analyses have been performed from subgingival plaque samples of periodontitis patients, systematic analysis of subgingival microbiota has not been carried out in a korean population so far. the purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of major putative periodontopathogens in korean patients by culture-independent methods. | 2000 | 11022767 |
| cytokine, elastase and oxygen radical release by fusobacterium nucleatum-activated leukocytes: a possible pathogenic factor in periodontitis. | periodontitis is characterised by tissue destruction caused by reactive oxygen species (ros) and proteolytic enzymes, which are released by the interaction between bacteria and phagocytes. we estimated the ability of fusobacterium species to induce release of tissue destructive and proinflammatory mediators from in vitro activated peripheral leukocytes. ros was measured with the nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) method, elastase with a specific chromogenic substrate and cytokines, including interleuki ... | 2000 | 11034124 |
| differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota of two periodontitis populations of different geographical origin. a comparison between spain and the netherlands. | the purpose of this study was to compare the subgingival microbiota of two geographically distinct patient populations using identical clinical and bacteriological methods. adult patients with a diagnosis of periodontitis were consecutively selected according to pre-defined clinical criteria. microbiological samples were taken from the deepest four sites with bleeding. the samples were plated on blood agar plates, for the determination of the total anaerobic counts and identification of specific ... | 2000 | 11037754 |
| automated immunofluorescence for enumeration of selected taxa in supragingival dental plaque. | the present study investigated a recently developed automated image analysis technique for its applicability to the enumeration of selected bacteria in supragingival dental plaque. following initial calibration, the system is capable to count fluorescence-labeled target cells in up to 48 samples without user interference. test samples contained a characteristic mixture of planktonic bacteria, small almost planar bacterial aggregates, and large, virtually indisruptable clumps with cells from mult ... | 2000 | 11037755 |
| the formation of mixed culture biofilms of oral species along a gradient of shear stress. | a chemostat mixed culture system was used to produce two distinct ecological states, state-1 (caries-like microcosm) and state-2 (periodontal-like microcosm). eleven bacterial species (streptococcus gordonii, strep. mitis i, strep. mutans, strep. oralis, actinomyces naeslundii, lactobacillus casei, neisseria subflava, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella nigrescens, veillonella dispar) were used to inoculate the planktonic system. a flow cell, designed to produce converg ... | 2000 | 11054158 |
| competition for glucose between candida albicans and oral bacteria grown in mixed culture in a chemostat. | the competition for glucose as a growth-limiting substrate between candida albicans and a mixed community of oral bacteria was investigated. a chemostat was operated under glucose-limiting and glucose excess conditions at a dilution rate of 0.05/h. a mixed population of oral bacteria was established and after a steady state had been reached the chemostat was inoculated with c. albicans. seven bacterial species streptococcus sanguis, s. sobrinus, s. mitis, lactobacillus casei, veillonella dispar, ... | 2000 | 11073150 |
| microbiological parameters associated with il-1 gene polymorphisms in periodontitis patients. | polymorphisms in the cluster of il-1 genes have been significantly associated with the severity of adult periodontitis. the purpose of this study was to compare microbiological parameters in il-1 genotype negative and positive adult subjects with a range of periodontitis severities. | 2000 | 11073323 |
| bacterial susceptibility to amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate in advanced periodontitis patients not responding to mechanical therapy. | between 4 and 8% of periodontitis patients are reported to respond poorly to conventional therapy. in these cases, adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics might be a reasonable therapeutic approach. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic amoxicillin/clavulanate as adjunct to periodontal surgery on the predominant subgingival microorganisms in patients not responding to mechanical therapy. furthermore, the bacterial susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanate was analyzed ... | 2000 | 11073328 |
| photoactive porphyrin derivative with broad-spectrum activity against oral pathogens in vitro. | photodynamic therapy (pdt) has historically been used as a means to treat cancerous tumors but has recently been used to kill bacterial cells through the use of targeted photosensitizers. pdt is a potential adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontal disease. however, the effectiveness of porphyrin derivatives against microorganisms has been limited because some gram-negative bacteria are refractory to photodynamic treatment with these agents. we have designed a porphyrin ... | 2000 | 11083641 |
| [clinical use of tetracyclines in the treatment of periodontal diseases]. | introduction: there are a number of chemically different tetracycline homologues. the older group of tetracyclines, which was introduced in the 1950-60s, includes tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and demeclocycline. the newer group of tetracyclines includes doxycycline, methacycline and minocycline. pharmacokinetics: elevated concentration of tetracycline in gingival fluid with respect to blood levels was an unexpected phenomenon. patients given 250 mg every 6 hours had average c ... | 2000 | 11089368 |
| bacteriology of histopathologically defined appendicitis in children. | acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in childhood. however, the pathogenesis and detailed microbiology are obscure. | 2000 | 11099090 |
| the virulence of mixed infection with streptococcus constellatus and fusobacterium nucleatum in a murine orofacial infection model. | orofacial infections are usually polymicrobial, and it is the microbial interactions of pathogenic species that cause tissue destruction. in this study, the microbial interaction between streptococcus constellatus and fusobacterium nucleatum was characterized using a murine orofacial infection model. a mixture of viable s. constellatus and f. nucleatum cells (both 2 x 10(8) cfu/mouse) was injected into the submandible; as a result, all of the test mice died. in contrast, none of the experimental ... | 2000 | 11099928 |
| comparative in vitro activities of abt-773 against 362 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. | the activity of abt-773, a novel ketolide antibiotic, against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined and compared to the activities of other antimicrobial agents. mics at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (mic(90)s) were </=0.06 microg/ml for actinomyces spp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus spp., propionibacterium spp., and porphyromonas spp. the mic(50)s and mic(90)s were </=0.06 and >32 microg/ml, respectively, for eubacterium spp., lactobacillus spp., clostridi ... | 2001 | 11120995 |
| polarization of porphyromonas gingivalis-specific helper t-cell subsets by prior immunization with fusobacterium nucleatum. | antigen-specific t-cell clones were obtained from mice immunized with fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953 and/or porphyromonas gingivalis 381. 10 balb/c mice per group were immunized with f. nucleatum followed by p. gingivalis, or with p. gingivalis alone by intraperitoneal injection of viable microorganisms. spleen t cells were isolated and stimulated in vitro with viable p. gingivalis cells to establish p. gingivalis-specific t-cell clones. t-cell phenotypes and cytokine profiles were determine ... | 2000 | 11154401 |
| attachment of fusobacterium nucleatum pk1594 to mammalian cells and its coaggregation with periodontopathogenic bacteria are mediated by the same galactose-binding adhesin. | it has been shown that fusobacterium nucleatum pk1594 coaggregates with prophyromonas gingivalis pk1924 through a galactose-binding adhesin. in the present study, attachment of f. nucleatum pk1594 to a variety of mammalian cells was characterized. f. nucleatum pk1594 attached to all eukaryotic cells tested, including human buccal epithelial cells, gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts, hela cells and murine lymphocytes, macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. these attachments wer ... | 2000 | 11154434 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis platelet aggregation activity: outer membrane vesicles are potent activators of murine platelets. | recent evidence has established an association between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by a small group of gram-negative bacteria, of which porphyromonas gingivalis is considered an important causative agent. it has been proposed that dental plaque bacteria and their products can disseminate into the bloodstream from the site of infection and promote thromboembolic events associated with atherosclerosis and myocardial infar ... | 2000 | 11154438 |
| profile of subgingival microbiota in children with mixed dentition. | a diversity of microbial species has been detected in children's oral flora at an early age. to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of different groups of teeth in children with mixed dentition, 40 systemically healthy children, aged 7-8 years, randomly chosen, were examined. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of 21, 41, 16 and 36 permanent teeth and 53, 73, 64 and 84 deciduous teeth. the samples were cultured for bacterial isolation anaerobica ... | 2000 | 11155173 |
| identification and characterization of human immunoglobulin g fc receptors of fusobacterium nucleatum. | several human pathogens express components which can bind to the fc portion of immunoglobulins. this study was undertaken to characterize the human immunoglobulin g (igg) fc-binding activity of fusobacterium nucleatum, a suspected pathogen involved in periodontal diseases. fc-binding activity was detected using whole-cell, cell envelope and outer membrane fractions, and it was found to be associated with polypeptides of 40 kda and 42 kda, respectively. amino terminal sequencing of these componen ... | 2000 | 11155175 |
| two cases of diskitis attributable to anaerobic bacteria in children. | diskitis, an inflammation of the intervertebral disk, is generally attributable to staphylococcus aureus and rarely staphylococcus epidermidis, kingella kingae, enterobacteriaciae, and streptococcus pneumoniae. in many cases, no bacterial growth is obtained from infected intervertebral discs. although anaerobic bacteria were recovered from adults with spondylodiscitis, these organisms were not reported before from children. the recovery of anaerobic bacteria in 2 children with diskitis is report ... | 2001 | 11158500 |
| interleukin-6 deficiency increases inflammatory bone destruction. | periapical bone destruction occurs as a consequence of pulpal infection. in previous studies, we showed that interleukin-1 (il-1) is the primary stimulator of bone destruction in this model. il-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is induced in these infections and has both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. in the present study, we determined the role of il-6 in regulating il-1 expression and bone resorption. the first molars of il-6 knockouts (il-6(-/-)) and wild-type mice were subjected to su ... | 2001 | 11159963 |
| comparison of the hydrophobic properties of candida albicans and candida dubliniensis. | although candida dubliniensis is a close genetic relative of candida albicans, it colonizes and infects fewer sites. nearly all instances of candidiasis caused by c. dubliniensis are restricted to the oral cavity. as cell surface hydrophobicity (csh) influences virulence of c. albicans, csh properties of c. dubliniensis were investigated and compared to c. albicans. growth temperature is one factor which affects the csh status of stationary-phase c. albicans. however, c. dubliniensis, similar to ... | 2001 | 11159968 |
| early colonization of dental implants by putative periodontal pathogens in partially edentulous patients. | there is limited scientific information available on the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets in partially edentulous individuals. knowledge about this process is one step in better understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. in this study, the early colonization of the peri-implant pockets by putative periodontal pathogens was studied in 20 partially edentulous individuals using anaerobic culture techniques. at baseline, the presence and levels of putative periodo ... | 2000 | 11168244 |
| fusobacterium nucleatum hepatic abscess with pylephlebitis associated with idiopathic cd4(+) t lymphocytopenia. | | 2001 | 11170936 |
| interleukin-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 regulation in oral epithelial cells by selected periodontal bacteria: multiple effects of porphyromonas gingivalis via antagonistic mechanisms. | interaction of bacteria with mucosal surfaces can modulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules produced by epithelial cells. previously, we showed that expression of interleukin-8 (il-8) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1) by gingival epithelial cells increases following interaction with several putative periodontal pathogens. in contrast, expression of il-8 and icam-1 is reduced after porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277 challenge. in the present study, ... | 2001 | 11179300 |
| the sensitivity of porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum to different (pseudo)halide-peroxidase combinations compared with mutans streptococci. | previous studies have shown that the peroxidase system with iodide is particularly effective against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. in the present study, the effects of iodide, chloride and thiocyanate in combinations with lactoperoxidase (lp) and myeloperoxidase (mp) on the viability of porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus mutans and s. rattus were analysed. bacteria were incubated in buffer solution containing peroxidase, substrate(s) and h2o2 (all in oral ph ... | 2001 | 11192504 |
| anaerobic bacterial extracts influence production of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors by human dental pulp cells. | the role of human dental pulp (hdp) cells in extracellular matrix degradation in pulpitis is still unclear. in this study, the effects of sonicated bacterial extracts (sbes) from prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas endodontalis, and porphyromonas gingivalis on the balance between the production of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and that of their inhibitors [tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (timps)] by hdp cells were examined. hdp cells were treated with sbes, a ... | 2000 | 11199767 |
| assessment of periradicular microbiota by dna-dna hybridization. | in the present study the "checkerboard" dna-dna hybridization technique was used to identify bacteria in periapical endodontic lesions of asymptomatic teeth. thirty-four patients with root-filled teeth and apical periodontitis were divided into two groups, each containing 17 patients. in group 1, a marginal incision was performed during surgery to expose the lesion, and in group 2, a submarginal incision was applied. the gingiva and mucosa were swabbed with an 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate soluti ... | 2000 | 11202881 |
| comparison of profiles of key periodontal pathogens in periodontium and endodontium. | despite the established anatomical relationship between the periodontal and pulpal tissues, bacterial migration between endodontium and periodontium is still under discussion. the objective of this study was an investigation of profiles of periodontal pathogens in pulpal and periodontal diseases affecting the same tooth by means of 16s rrna gene directed polymerase chain reaction (pcr). 31 intact teeth with both pulp and marginal infections were investigated. the diagnosis was based on clinical ... | 2000 | 11202893 |
| spatial arrangements and associative behavior of species in an in vitro oral biofilm model. | the spatial arrangements and associative behavior of actinomyces naeslundii, veillonella dispar, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus sobrinus, and streptococcus oralis strains in an in vitro model of supragingival plaque were determined. using species-specific fluorescence-labeled antibodies in conjunction with confocal laser scanning microscopy, the volumes and distribution of the five strains were assessed during biofilm formation. the volume-derived cell numbers of each strain correlated w ... | 2001 | 11229930 |
| effect of lipopolysaccharide from periodontal pathogens on the production of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 by human gingival fibroblasts. | both tissue plasminogen activator (t-pa) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (pai-2) are important proteolysis factors present in inflamed human periodontal tissues. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (lps) on the synthesis of t-pa and pai-2 by human gingival fibroblasts (hgf). lps from different periodontal pathogens including actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum were extracted by the hot pheno ... | 2001 | 11246701 |
| [bacterial virulence in the etiology of periodontal diseases]. | strong relationships have been very often described between various form of periodontal disease (pd) and certain bacterial species, so that nowadays periodontal disease is recognized as an infectious disease. destruction of periodontal supporting tissues happens as a response to very intricate host-parasite interactions. when the clinician will be able to fully understand and identify such phenomena it would be possible to succeed in a properly diagnosis and control of the active phase of period ... | 2000 | 11268937 |
| validation of an in vitro biofilm model of supragingival plaque. | the study of biofilm structure and function mandates the use of model systems for which a host of environmental variables can be rigorously controlled. we describe a model of supragingival plaque containing actinomyces naeslundii, veillonella dispar, fusobacterium nucleatum, streptococcus sobrinus, and streptococcus oralis wherein cells are cultivated anaerobically in a saliva-based medium on hydroxyapatite discs coated with a salivary pellicle, with material and pieces of apparatus common to al ... | 2001 | 11269730 |
| nitric oxide production and inos mrna expression in mice induced by repeated stimulation with live fusobacterium nucleatum. | there have been few studies on the detection of direct nitric oxide (no) production and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in vivo without using animal cell culture. we questioned whether no and ifn-gamma could be produced at the site of infection. the peritoneal cavity of mice was used as the local infection model. no and ifn-gamma in abdominal washings from these mice were measured directly at various times after injection of fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative rod periodontal pathogen. the mic ... | 2001 | 11270609 |
| topological investigations of the foma porin from fusobacterium nucleatum and identification of the constriction loop l6. | porin foma in the outer membrane of fusobacterium nucleatum is a trimeric protein, which exhibits permeability properties similar to that of the well-known enterobacterial diffusion porins. the proposed topology model of the foma monomer depicts the beta-barrel motif typical of diffusion porins, consisting of 16 antiparallel beta-strands. to investigate the accuracy of the foma model and assess the topological relationship with other porins, individual deletions of variable size in seven of the ... | 2001 | 11283301 |
| smoking and subgingival microflora in periodontal disease. | the present investigation was undertaken to analyze the influence of smoking on the periodontal disease associated subgingival microflora. the population included 33 smokers and 31 non-smokers in the age range 36-86 years. | 2001 | 11284533 |
| periodontal pathogens produce quorum sensing signal molecules. | different species of bacteria important in the composition of dental plaque were tested for production of extracellular autoinducer-like activities that stimulate the expression of the luminescence genes in vibrio harveyi. several strains of prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, and porphyromonas gingivalis were found to produce such activities. interestingly, these bacteria belong to the same phylogenetic group, and they are periodontal pathogens important in the development of period ... | 2001 | 11292769 |
| activation of c-jun n-terminal kinase in the absence of nfkappab function prior to induction of nk cell death triggered by a combination of anti-class i and anti-cd16 antibodies. | addition of antibodies to major histocompatibility complex class i (mhc class i) and f(c) gamma riii (cd16) antigens resulted in the synergistic augmentation of natural killer (nk) cell death, and the loss of nk cell cytotoxic function. the binding of anti-cd16 and anti-class i antibodies to the same population of nk cells is required for the synergistic augmentation of nk cell death. moreover, the addition of antibodies to leukocyte function antigen-1 (lfa-1), which significantly inhibited the ... | 2001 | 11295464 |
| disinfection of dental impressions and occlusal records by ultraviolet radiation. | as chemical disinfection of dental impressions may cause adverse effects on materials and the dental personnel this study examined disinfection by ultraviolet radiation. alginate, addition silicone rubber and red wax contaminated by streptococcus salivarius, fusobacterium nucleatum and five other bacteria in different suspension media were radiated for up to 18 min, and the number of colony forming units was compared to non-radiated controls. the effect of ultraviolet radiation differed among ba ... | 2000 | 11307403 |