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in vitro activity of u-57930e against anaerobic bacteria and its comparison with clindamycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin and tetracycline.the in vitro activity of u-57930e, a pipecolic acid amide of clindamycin, was compared with those of clindamycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin and tetracycline against 321 anaerobic clinical isolates. the mic (micrograms/ml) of u-57930e that inhibited 95% bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus prevotii, b. melaninogenicus and p. asaccharolyticus was 0.0625; 0.03125 for peptostreptococcus anaerobius, b. vulgatus, propionibacterium and peptococcus species. clindamycin, on the other hand, gave mic values o ...19836678915
suppression of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by fusobacterium nucleatum.fusobacterium nucleatum has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, pericarditis, otitis media, and disorders of the oral cavity such as pulpal infections, alveolar bone abscesses, and periodontal disease. in this study, we examined sonic extracts of f. nucleatum strain fdc 364 for its ability to alter human lymphocyte function. we found that the soluble cytoplasmic fraction (cf) of the sonic extract was able to cause a dose-depend ...19846715883
osteomyelitis in dogs and cats caused by anaerobic bacteria.localised osteomyelitis was diagnosed in 2 dogs and 2 cats. the disease was caused by fight wounds in 3 cases. radiographic examination demonstrated a circumscribed zone of cortical bone lysis, sequestra and periosteal new bone. each case was treated surgically by sequestrectomy and debridement. infection was due mainly to anaerobic bacteria. the pathogenic bacteria isolated from the lesions of dogs were actinomyces viscosus, fusobacterium nucleatum and bacteroides spp, and from the lesions in c ...19846732670
immunoglobulin g response to subgingival gram-negative bacteria in human subjects.serum and gingival crevicular fluid from normal healthy adults and patients with periodontitis were screened for immunoglobulin g antibodies to antigens from bacteroides gingivalis 381, bacteroides intermedius 24, bacteroides loescheii atcc 15930, fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586, eikenella corrodens 1073, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans atcc 29522, and capnocytophaga sp. strain m-12. immunoglobulin g antibody titers to the antigens were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. t ...19846735473
[amniotic infection with fusobacterium nucleatum]. 19846742716
attachment of cell fragments of fusobacterium nucleatum to oral epithelial cells, gingival fibroblasts and white blood cells.the characteristic haemagglutination (ha) caused by fusobacterium nucleatum strains was used for measuring their attachment to oral epithelial, gingival fibroblast and white blood cells. whole cells and sonicated preparations of oral f. nucleatum strains vpi no. 4355, 10197 and atcc no. 10953 haemagglutinated human and sheep red blood cells. sonicated preparations of the organisms were tested for ha activity before and after absorption with human cells. buccal epithelial, gingival fibroblast and ...19826751304
anaerobic bacteria in dentoalveolar infections.the bacteriology of 57 dentoalveolar infections was studied using optimal techniques to collect, transport and process specimens. there was an average of 4 bacterial species per specimen, and only 1/3 of the specimens held aerobes. among the aerobic bacteria, streptococci dominated and among the anaerobes the gram-negative rods, bacteroides ruminicola and fusobacterium nucleatum, were most frequently isolated followed by gram-positive cocci, in particular streptococcus intermedius. all aerobic i ...19816807917
pathway of lysine degradation in fusobacterium nucleatum.lysine was fermented by fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586 with the formation of about 1 mol each of acetate and butyrate. by the use of [1-14c]lysine or [6-14c]lysine, acetate and butyrate were shown to be derived from both ends of lysine, with acetate being formed preferentially from carbon atoms 1 and 2 and butyrate being formed preferentially from carbon atoms 3 to 6. this indicates that the lysine carbon chain is cleaved between both carbon atoms 2 and 3 and carbon atoms 4 and 5, with the f ...19826811551
the elisa system for measuring antibody reactive to fusobacterium nucleatum in the sera of patients with chronic periodontitis.humoral igg, iga and igm responses to three typed oral strains of f. nucleatum were examined in patients with chronic periodontitis and in individuals with clinically healthy gingiva. attempts were made to isolate f. nucleatum from either the pathologic gingival crevices or healthy sulci in this study. higher levels of igg and iga reactive to all three strains were observed in the chronic periodontitis patients; however, there were no differences between the igm levels in the diseased and health ...19826818334
production, purification, and properties of a bacteriocin from staphylococcus aureus isolated from saliva.staphylococci from samples of human saliva were isolated on staphylococcal-selective agar plates. these strains were tested for the inhibition of the growth of staphylococcus aureus fda209p. the frequency of inhibitory strains among all of the staphylococcal isolates was 5.2%. strain iys2, which formed the biggest inhibitory zone against the growth of the indicator strain, was used as the producer of bacteriocin. iys2 was identified to be s. aureus, based on its biological properties. the bacter ...19836832811
fusobacterium nucleatum pericarditis.a pericardial effusion was diagnosed by echocardiography in a 49 year old man who suffered acute cough, orthopnea, and chest pain. because of a positive tuberculin skin test, mycobacteria were initially suspected as the cause of the pericarditis. the patient was therefore treated with antituberculosis drugs. the pericardial effusion failed to resolve, however, and pericardiectomy was performed. culture of the pericardial fluid yielded pure fusobacterium nucleatum growth. the patient responded to ...19836833485
treatment of anaerobic infections in children with metronidazole.the tolerance and efficacy of metronidazole were studied in 15 pediatric patients who had anaerobic infection. 5 had soft tissue abscess, 4 had aspiration pneumonia, 3 had intracranial abscess and 3 had chronic sinusitis. 45 bacterial isolates were recovered (3 isolates per patient). 40 were anaerobes and included 17 bacteroides sp. (8 sp.), 16 anaerobic cocci and 6 fusobacterium nucleatum. metronidazole was given intravenously at the dose of 30 mg/kd/day or orally in the dose of 40-50 mg/kg/day ...19836861605
penicillin failure in the treatment of bacteroides fragilis lung abscess. experimental study in rabbits.carbenicillin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, and clindamycin were compared with penicillin for the treatment of lung abscess in an animal model produced by transtracheal inoculation of a mixture of anaerobes: bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus morbillorum, eubacterium lentum and fusobacterium nucleatum. both chloramphenicol and doxycycline eliminated the bacteria but failed to close the abscess cavity. carbenicillin, although it eradicated b. fragilis, failed to close the abscess cavity in 3 of 6 ...19836872619
[studies of mixed anaerobic infections involving bacteroides gingivalis].the infectiousness of several combinations of bacteria containing bacteroides gingivalis and other bacteria associated with periodontal diseases was evaluated by subcutaneous injection to guinea pigs. among the seven mixtures studied, only one permitted the development of an infection easily transmissible to a second guinea pig; this bacterial mixture was composed of b. gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, eubacterium saburreum, and capnocytophaga ochracea (formerly bacteroides ochraceus). owing ...19836883221
immune response in rats against lipopolysaccharides of fusobacterium nucleatum and bacteroides oralis administered in the root canal.lipopolysaccharides (lps) prepared from one strain of fusobacterium nucleatum and one strain of bacteroides oralis were examined for immunological responses in rats. the lps were applied to the pulp chamber of the two mandibular incisors. using the plaque forming cell (pfc) method both antigens showed a rapid igm response in the spleen, and a slower one in the submandibular lymph nodes. in comparison with the igm response, the igg response was somewhat slower and weaker for lps of bacteroides, w ...19806929559
the predominant cultivable dental plaque flora of beagle dogs with periodontitis.the predominant cultivable dental plaque flora was studied in 10 adult female beagle dogs with advanced periodontitis. supragingival and subgingival plaque from a maxillary third premolar (p3) was removed and cultured anaerobically on various growth media and all colonies were subcultured and partially characterized. histopathological specimens of the plaque sampling sites showed significant loss of connective tissue attachment. spirochetes were found in all samples. anaerobic gram-negative orga ...19816941977
bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy.the presence of bacteria in 17 single-rooted teeth, with periapical lesions, was studied throughout a whole period of treatment. the root canals were irrigated with physiologic saline solution during instrumentation. no antibacterial solutions or dressings were used. bacteria were found in all initial specimens from the teeth (median number of bacterial cells 4 x 10(5), range 10(2) - 10(7)) and the number of strains in the specimens ranged from 1 to 10.88% of the strains were anaerobic. the most ...19816947391
histological and histochemical study of the influence of lipopolysaccharide extracted from fusobacterium nucleatum on the periapical tissues in the monkey macaca fascicularis. 19816947763
plasmid content of some oral microorganisms isolated from subgingival plaque.eighty-five strains of bacterial species selected from the predominant cultivable dental plaque flora of patients with different periodontal pathologies were examined for their plasmid content. microorganisms studied included: actinomyces viscosus, a. odontolyticus, bacteroides asaccharolyticus (b. gingivalis), b. melaninogenicus subspecies intermedius, and subspecies melaninogenicus, capnocytophaga ochracea (b. ochraceus), and fusobacterium nucleatum. three b. melaninogenicus isolates showed pl ...19826949951
attachment of serum non-antibody glycoproteins to the fusobacterium nucleatum found in periodontal disease. 19816950701
inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis by soluble bacterial products.bacterial-neutrophil interactions may be critical determinants of virulence in periodontal diseases. this study was undertaken to examine the ability of major bacterial species from the human oral cavity to inhibit (1) peripheral blood neutrophil chemotaxis, (2) chemotactic formylmethionyl peptide binding, and (3) phagocytosis. included were cultured supernatants and sonic extracts obtained from strains of capnocytophaga, bacteroides gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides asaccharolyti ...19826956714
the effect of long-term low-dose tetracycline therapy on the subgingival microflora in refractory adult periodontitis.twenty patients were selected for antibiotic treatment due to poor response to conventional therapy. ten patients were evaluated after taking 250 mg/day of tetracycline for 2 to 7 years. ten other patients who had been on tetracycline for at least 2 years were evaluated 6 months to 2 years after stopping the antibiotic. subgingival plaque was cultured anaerobically on nonselective media (etsa) and etsa with 1 microgram/ml of tetracycline hcl. pocket depth, plaque and gingivitis were scored. thos ...19826958855
circulating antibodies after experimental chronic infection in the root canal of teeth in monkeys.root canals of 49 teeth with necrotic pulp tissue in five monkeys were infected with streptococcus faecalis ss liquefaciens, actinomyces bovis, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and bacteroides oralis in various combinations. after 6 months the root canals and the periapical tissues were subjected to radiographic, bacteriologic, and histologic examinations. signs of periapical inflammation were radiographically registered in 41 teeth, most frequently in teeth inoculated wit ...19826960463
polyclonal b-cell activation induced by extracts of gram-negative bacteria isolated from periodontally diseased sites.the objective of this research was to determine whether gram-negative bacteria frequently isolated from periodontally diseased sites contained polyclonal b-cell activators. polyclonal b-cell activation, which results in nonspecific activation of multiple b-cell clones was analyzed by a hemolysis-in-gel assay designed to detect a broad range of antibody specificities. extracts from numerous bacterial strains, including bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus, b. ...19816975240
agglutination of human erythrocytes by fusobacterium nucleatum: factors influencing hemagglutination and some characteristics of the agglutinin.various aspects of agglutination of human erythrocytes by fusobacterium nucleatum were examined. titration experiments done in buffered saline at ph 6 to 10 showed the same agglutination endpoint. the presence of high concentrations of nacl in reaction mixtures did not alter titers, but kcl in concentrations of 0.5 to 3.6 m increased titers twofold. the agglutinin was inactivated by heat, acid, alkali, 5% formalin, and the proteolytic enzyme subtilopeptidase a and therefore appeared to be a prot ...19806995428
comparison of marion's anaerobic culture/set-a and the baltimore biological laboratory gaspak anaerobic system in the cultivation and recovery of bacteria from human dental plaque.marion's anerobic culture/set-a (bio-bag a) and the baltimore biological laboratory (bbl) gaspak anaerobic system were evaluated for their efficiency in the cultivation and recovery of anaerobes and capnophilic organisms from human dental plaque samples. both culture systems were relatively efficient in supporting the growth of pure culture of various bacterial species recently isolated from the human dental plaques. when the dental plaque samples were cultured the organisms commonly found were ...19817020896
gram-negative anaerobic bacilli: their role in infection and patterns of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. ii. little-known fusobacterium species and miscellaneous genera.twenty infrequently reported species of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli other than fusobacterium nucleatum, fusobacterium necrophorum, and members of the genus bacteroides were studied with regard to their role in infection and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. in addition, the literature regarding the recovery of these organisms from both the normal flora and infections of humans was reviewed. during a six-year period at the wadsworth clinical anaerobic bacteriology research laborat ...19817025153
enzymatic characterization of some oral and nonoral gram-negative bacteria with the api zym system.the api zym system (analytab products, plainview, n.y.), containing 19 chromogenic substrates, was utilized semiquantitatively to detect extracellular acid and alkaline phosphatases, aminopeptidases, proteases, esterase-lipase, phosphoamidase, and glycosidases in 128 oral and nonoral isolates of black-pigmented bacteroides, actinobacillus, haemophilus aphrophilus, capnocytophaga, fusobacterium nucleatum, wolinella recta, and veillonella parvula. in the black-pigmented bacteroides group of organi ...19817026598
the maintenance of b-cell and t-cell function in frozen and stored human lymphocytes.the objective of this study was to identify and test a convenient means for long-term storage of lymphocytes taken from clinically characterized patients without losing b- or t-cell function. accordingly, peripheral blood lymphocytes were frozen and stored, and portions of each sample were subsequently assayed for t-cell blastogenic response and b-cell jerne plaquing at various time intervals after freezing. a comparison of the cell counts of fresh and frozen cultures indicated that cell were re ...19817037827
microbial surface interactions: reduction of the haemagglutination activity of the oral bacterium fusobacterium nucleatum by absorption with streptococcus and bacteroides.oral strains of fusobacterium nucleatum showed haemagglutination (ha) of sheep red blood cells and attachment of ha-active f. nucleatum fragments to other microorganisms allowed a means of studying microbial surface interactions. ha-active sonicated fragments (sf) prepared from f. nucleatum were mixed with whole cell suspensions of 48 bacterial strains and, after incubation, the whole cells were separated from the non-absorbed fragments by differential centrifugation. attachment of f. nucleatum ...19817041865
chemoprophylaxis of anaerobic pulmonary infections. an experimental study in rabbits.chemoprophylaxis of anaerobic pulmonary infection due to aspiration was studied in a rabbit model with the view of comparing the efficacy of procaine penicillin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline and cefoxitin. the antibiotic treatment was commenced immediately following transtracheal inoculation of a mixture of bacteroides fragilis, streptococcus morbillorum, fusobacterium nucleatum and eubacterium lentum. treatment was stopped after 48 h and lungs were examined for evidence of infectio ...19827075325
composition of peptidoglycans in bacteroidaceae: determination and distribution of lanthionine.peptidoglycans of organisms belonging to the strictly anaerobic family bacteroidaceae were investigated for the presence of lanthionine. different procedures for the quantitation of lanthionine were compared. performic acid and peroxide oxidation procedures on 35s-labeled peptidoglycan from fusobacterium nucleatum fev1 resulted in low yields of cysteic acid (42 and 60%, respectively) and many other additional unidentified oxidation products. lanthionine was, however, recovered in high yield (89% ...19827076290
studies on the antitumor activity of fusobacterium nucleatum strain ko-31. 19827087804
predominant microflora associated with human dental periapical abscesses.the microflora of periapical abscesses of teeth free of periodontal disease was studied. permucosal aspiration of abscess contents and anaerobic cultural, microscopic, and biochemical techniques indicated a mixed but somewhat specific and relatively limited facultative and obligate anaerobic flora with fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococcus mitis as a frequent pair.19827096563
extraction and properties of hemagglutinin from cell wall fragments of fusobacterium nucleatum.to study the hemagglutinin of fusobacterium nucleatum, methods were sought to solubilize and purify this component. when cells of f. nucleatum were ruptured by passage through a french press, the fragments lost virtually all ability to agglutinate human erythrocytes. extraction of the fragments with 2% triton x-100 for 30 min at 22 degrees c restored hemagglutinating activity (ha). hemagglutination by these fragments could be inhibited by arginine, as can hemagglutination by intact bacteria. tre ...19827118829
pathogenic anaerobes.anaerobes are prevalent on all mucosal surfaces and virtually all anaerobic infections are endogenous. two thirds of anaerobic infections involve five anaerobic organisms or groups--the bacteroides fragilis group, the bacteroides melaninogenicus-bacteroides asaccharolyticus group, fusobacterium nucleatum, the anaerobic cocci, and clostridium perfringens. conditions that lower the oxidation-reduction potential and disrupt the mucosal surface (eg, vascular problems, malignant neoplasms, and surger ...19827125789
immunochemical studies of partially hydrolyzed lipopolysaccharide from fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953.fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953 lps was split by hydrolysis with 1 per cent acetic acid into acid-soluble polysaccharide and lipid a. gel filtration of the acid-soluble polysaccharide on bio-gel p-60 gave a high-molecular-weight fraction eluted with the void volume (vo), and a fraction eluted at 2.4 x vo. the high-molecular-weight fraction was serologically active, and contained glucose as the only sugar. the other fraction, which was serologically inactive, contained l-glycero-d-manno-heptos ...19827136704
bacteriology of experimental gingivitis in young adult humans.from replicate trials of experimental gingivitis in four periodontally healthy subjects, 166 bacterial species and subspecies were detected among 3,034 randomly selected isolates from 96 samples. of these bacteria, actinomyces naeslundii (serotype iii and phenotypically similar strains that were unreactive with available antisera), actinomyces odontolyticus (serotype i and phenotypically similar strains that were unreactive with available antisera), fusobacterium nucleatum, lactobacillus species ...19827141708
susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and fusobacteria in antibacterial agents.the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 45 antimicrobial agents were established by the agar dilution method for 37 strains of bacteroidaceae: bacteroides fragilis (18 strains), b. thetaiotaomicron (8 strains), fusobacterium nucleatum (6 strains), and fusobacterium spp. (5 strains). the fusobacteria tested showed good susceptibility to beta-lactam-antibiotics, tetracyclines, lincomycins, and nitroimidazole compounds. bacteria of the b. fragilis group were resistant to most of the penicillins an ...19807194067
characterization of the adherence properties of streptococcus salivarius.the adherence and aggregation properties of 46 human oral streptococcus salivarius isolates were examined. a total of 41% of the isolates aggregated with whole human saliva, 50% aggregated with human erythrocytes, and 85% adhered to human buccal epithelial cells. strains that aggregated with saliva and erythrocytes usually reacted with streptococcus group k typing serum whereas the non-hemagglutinating strains did not. k+ strains also adhered more strongly to human buccal epithelial cells than k ...19807216420
animal model for anaerobic lung abscess.there are no satisfactory animal models for the study of anaerobic lung abscess. aspiration of food, gastric mucin, or hydrochloric acid, or any combination of these, along with oropharyngeal bacteria, is commonly believed to cause aspiration pneumonia and lung abscess. in the animal model described, none of the adjuvants was effective in producing anaerobic lung abscesses. anaerobic bacteria derived from dental scrapings of a healthy adult (peptococcus morbillorum, fusobacterium nucleatum, euba ...19817216463
aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of burns in children.aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora of burn sites in 180 children were monitored. specimens were obtained twice a week; each patient had between one and 21 cultures taken (mean 2.4). a total of 392 specimens were collected over 2 years, of which 319 were positive. aerobic bacteria alone were present in 225 specimens (71%) and anaerobic bacteria alone were present in 26 (8%). mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were present in 68 burn specimens (21%). a total of 580 isolates (448 aerobes and 1 ...19817218398
inflammatory exostosis and abscessation associated with fusobacterium nucleatum in a rabbit. 19817265908
fatty acids of fusobacterium species: taxonomic implications.fatty acids of fusobacterium species were examined by gas-liquid chromatography. fusobacterium nucleatum, f. necrophorum, f. mortiferum, f. gonidiaformans and f. varium showed similar patterns, characterized by the presence of 3-hydroxytetradecanoate, n-tetradecanoate, hexadecenoate, n-hexadeconoate, ocadecenoate, n-octadecanoate and a component having the properties of octadecadienoate. fusobacterium nucleatum contained 3-hydroxyhexadecanoate as a distinctive character. simpler fatty acid patte ...19817320695
the role of anaerobic bacteria in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections.because of the rarity of anaerobic infections of the urinary tract and the difficulty of establishing these organisms as pathogens, anaerobic culture is not included as part of routine urine bacteriological examination. pyuria was found during examination of a 41-year-old man with a chronic renal allograft rejection reaction. aerobic urine cultures failed to yield any pathogens. urine cytology demonstrated intracellular organisms that proved to be fusobacterium nucleatum on anaerobic culture. th ...19817321142
gas-containing brain abscess due to fusobacterium nucleatum.gas-containing brain abscesses are rarely seen. recently, in a 28-year-old man, such an abscess ruptured into the lateral ventricle but was treated successfully. fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic bacillus, was cultured from the pus obtained.19817330760
modulation of immunoreactivity to periodontal disease-associated microorganisms during pregnancy.the lymphocyte blastogenic response to a panel of antigens and mitogens was assessed in a group of 20 women throughout their pregnancy. in addition, a group of five nonpregnant women was monitored simultaneously to identify variations in response to the same stimulants. the stimulants included orally associated bacterial antigens (streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus, bacteroides asaccharolyticus, bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius, bacteroides [capnocytophaga] ochraceus, and ...19807399691
aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cervical adenitis in children.needle aspirates from 53 inflamed cervical lymph glands were studies for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and mycobacteria. bacterial growth was achieved in 45 patients (85%). sixty-six bacterial isolates were recovered, averaging 1.5 isolates per specimen (0.8 aerobes and 0.7 anaerobes), with as many as 4 isolates in some specimens. aerobic organisms alone were recovered in 27 aspirates (60%) of the 45 culture-positive aspirates, anaerobic bacteria alone in 8 (18%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobi ...19807408372
surface vs core-tonsillar aerobic and anaerobic flora in recurrent tonsillitis.specimens from both the surface and the core of tonsils from 23 children with recurrent tonsillitis were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora were obtained from all patients. the predominant anaerobic isolates were bacteroides sp, fusobacterium nucleatum, anaerobic gram-positive cocci, and eubacterium sp. the predominant aerobic isolates were alpha-hemolytic streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococci, and haemophilus sp. beta- ...19807411827
anaerobic and aerobic bacteriology of decubitus ulcers in children.forty-two children with decubitus ulcers were studied using aerobic and anaerobic techniques. anaerobic bacteria were isolated in 21 (50%) of the patients, five times as the only isolates and 16 times mixed with aerobes. aerobes only were present in 20 (48%) of the patients. there were a total of 83 isolates, 46 aerobes and 37 anaerobes, with an average of two species per specimen (1.1 aerobes and 0.9 anaerobes). the predominant anaerobic isolates were gram-positive cocci (17), bacteroides fragi ...19807436139
evaluation of periodontal treatments using controlled-release tetracycline fibers: microbiological response.in a 12-month multi-center study of 116 adult periodontitis subjects, six putative periodontal pathogens were monitored by dna probe methods in a subset of 31 subjects. monitored species included porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), prevotella intermedia (pi), fusobacterium nucleatum (fn), eikenella corrodens (ec), campylobacter rectus (cr), and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa) with an average detection limit of 1.8 x 10(4) bacterial colony forming units/sample. the microbiological response t ...19957473013
use of the syrian golden hamster for the induction of intraoral abscesses by sutures contaminated with human subgingival plaque.analysis of normal oral flora in 150 cheek pouches of hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) defined the microbial working environment and demonstrated the absence of human oral black-pigmented bacteria. silk sutures saturated with porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia or subgingival plaque were used to close wounds made in hamster's cheek pouches. abscesses were formed when sutures had solitary p. gingivalis or other bacteria mixed with p. gingivalis or when p. intermedia was mixed with othe ...19947478755
the antimicrobial activity of essential oils and essential oil components towards oral bacteria.a method for reproducibly determining minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations of plant extracts towards fastidiously and facultatively anaerobic oral bacteria, predicated upon measurements of optical densities in microtitre plate wells, was devised. the antimicrobial properties of some botanical oils were surveyed; of these, australian tea tree oil, peppermint oil, and sage oil proved to be the most potent essential oils, whereas thymol and eugenol were potent e ...19947478759
effect of proteolytic enzymes on the lysis and growth of oral bacteria.previous studies have shown increased levels of proteolytic enzymes in affected periodontal sites. the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of proteolytic environments on the lysis and growth of selected oral bacteria associated with either healthy or diseased periodontal sites. the effect of trypsin, chymotrypsin and proteinase k on cell lysis was determined following incubation with bacteria, whereas the effect of the same proteolytic enzymes on bacterial growth was test ...19947478762
comparison of host tissue and bacterial dipeptidyl peptidases in human gingival crevicular fluid by analytical isoelectric focusing.earlier work has shown that gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) contains dipeptidyl peptidase (dpp) activities that resemble those in host tissue. here, further comparisons were made with enzymes from suspected periodontal pathogens. gingival tissue and gcf were collected from patients with chronic periodontitis. dpp ii and dpp iv fractions with acid and alkaline ph optima, respectively, were separated from crude tissue extracts by gel-filtration chromatography. bacterial cell sonicates were prepare ...19957487574
demonstration of human immunoglobulin g fc-binding activity in oral bacteria.nonimmune binding of immunoglobulins via the fc fragment may reduce opsonization and phagocytosis of bacteria and is thus considered a virulence factor. the aim of this study was to investigate a wide range of oral bacterial strains for the presence of human immunoglobulin g (igg) fc-binding activity. a total of 132 strains representing 40 different gram-positive and gram negative bacterial species were tested for igg fc-binding activity by using a fast and simple dot blot procedure with horsera ...19947496956
[thoracic empyema caused by anaerobes. 78-month retrospective study. clinical and microbiological aspects].the authors considered the microbiological and clinical aspects of the thoracic empyemas caused by anaerobic bacteria observed at the ivrea-castellamonte hospital, turin, over a period of 78 months. in this period 321 patients were subjected to thoracentesis in order to take samples of the pleural fluid (pf) which was in turn subjected to culture investigations. 31 patients (9.6%) had one or more cultures which were positive for bacterial growth. a good 12 patients (38.7%) had cultures which wer ...19927498613
peptide mapping and amino acid sequence analysis of the 40 kda outer membrane protein of fusobacterium nucleatum. 19957502770
cellular adhesion molecules on periodontal lymphocytes.t cell induced differentiation of b cells has been shown to be dependent on the cd2/lfa-3 and lfa-1/icam-1 pathways. flow cytometric analysis was used to examine these adhesion molecules on t and b cells extracted from gingival tissues before and after stimulation with the putative periodontopathic bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum. adhesion molecule expression on peripheral blood cells from healthy adults was used as a control. approximately 50 per cent of b cells e ...19957540389
immune response to fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia in patients with peritonsillar cellulitis and abscess. 19957548558
a retrospective review of cases of anaerobic empyema and update of bacteriology.we conducted a retrospective study to update the bacteriology of 46 cases of anaerobic empyema that were originally studied between 1976 and 1993 at the wadsworth anaerobic bacteriology clinical research laboratory (los angeles). anaerobic bacteriologic studies were completed for all 46 pleural fluid specimens, and aerobic bacteriologic studies were completed for 41 of these specimens. thirty-seven clinical charts were available for review. a total of 161 anaerobic isolates (3.5 per patient) rep ...19957548560
bacteriology of skin and soft-tissue infections: comparison of infections in intravenous drug users and individuals with no history of intravenous drug use.the bacteriology of cutaneous or subcutaneous abscesses (86 specimens) among intravenous drug users (ivdus) was compared with the bacteriology of abscesses (74 specimens) in patients with no history of intravenous drug use (non-ivdus). the ivdu abscesses yielded 173 aerobes and 131 anaerobes. staphylococcus aureus was the most common aerobe isolated (50% of specimens yielded this isolate), followed by "streptococcus milleri" (46%). the commonly encountered anaerobes were fusobacterium nucleatum ...19957548575
microbiological study of juvenile periodontitis in chile. 19957548581
induction of beta-lactamase production in the anaerobic microflora by cefoxitin. 19957548595
oligonucleotide probes to the 16s ribosomal rna: implications of sequence homology and secondary structure with particular reference to the oral species prevotella intermedia and prevotella nigrescens.eight oligonucleotides based upon regions of the small subunit 16s ribosomal rna gene sequences were analysed against a background of their position within the molecule and their two-dimensional structure to rationalise their use in recognising prevotella intermedia and prevotella nigrescens. the 41 clinical isolates from both oral and respiratory sites and two reference strains were subjected to dna-dna hybridisation and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis to confirm their identity. alignment of ...19957553378
some suspected periodontopathogens and serum antibody response in adult long-duration insulin-dependent diabetics.the subgingival microflora and serum antibody response were examined in long-duration insulin-dependent diabetics and age- and sex-matched non-diabetics. the material consisted of 9 diabetics aged 40-49 years and 19 aged 50-59 years, 13 non-diabetics aged 40-49 years and 21 aged 50-59 years. the bacterial species studied (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, capnocytophaga spp, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia) w ...19957560223
effect of periodontal treatments on serum igg antibody titers against periodontopathic bacteria.serum igg antibody titers to 7 periodontopathic bacteria in periodontitis patients were measured at the 1st visit and after various periodontal treatments with clinically successful improvement, in order to evaluate what kind of factors are associated with changes of serum antibody titers. 20 patients (10 male and 10 female from 23 to 61 years old) with adult, rapidly progressive periodontitis were enrolled in this study. all patients received initial preparation and most of them also underwent ...19957560233
a 6-month home-usage trial of 0.1% and 0.2% delmopinol mouthwashes (ii). effects on the plaque microflora.the effects of 0.1% and 0.2% delmopinol mouthwashes on supragingival plaque flora were investigated in a 6-month home-use study. 141 subjects were studied from whom plaque was collected at baseline, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. overall, there were no consistent effects on microscopic or total counts. however, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of dextran-producing streptococci in the active groups compared to the control group throughout treatment. there was no colonisation by candida ...19957560235
volatile fatty acids, metabolic by-products of periodontopathic bacteria, inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production.short-chain fatty acids are a major by-product of anaerobic metabolism and can be detected in gingival fluid from periodontal pockets. since most t cells are present subjacent to the pocket epithelium in conjunction with the plasma cells, it is important to know how these t cells are affected by short-chain fatty acids produced by subgingival plaque. the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of extracellular metabolites from periodontopathic bacteria on the proliferation and cytokine p ...19957560387
effects of lipopolysaccharides on human dental pulp cells.human dental pulp cells were treated with 1, 10, and 100 micrograms/ml of lipopolysaccharide (lps). the effects of treatment were examined by measurement of the dna content, protein content, and alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells. lps samples were purified from porphyromonas gingivalis, porphyromonas endodontalis, and fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from root canals, and escherichia coli 0111:b4 lps was used as a positive control. at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml, none of the lpss c ...19957561654
characteristics of multimodal co-aggregation between fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococci.the co-aggregation characteristics between fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococci were examined to clarify the adherence factors participating in the co-aggregation. nineteen strains of f. nucleatum were classified into 8 groups according to co-aggregation titer and inhibition by l-arginine, l-lysine and n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (or lactose). the inhibition activity was, however, very different from strain to strain. with two fusobacterial strains, two inhibitors, which were both inhibition ne ...19957562321
effect of whole oral bacteria and extracted lipopolysaccharides on peripheral blood leukocyte interleukin-2 receptor expression.expression of the interleukin-2 receptor (il-2r) on t cells is the molecular mechanism that initiates the g0 to g1 transition and is the critical first step for t cell proliferation in response to antigen. the effect of whole periodontal bacteria and lipopolysaccharides (lps) on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) il-2r expression was examined in vitro. lps induced a modest but significant increase in high affinity il-2r alpha/beta (p55/p75 positive) expression on pbmc over untreated cells ...19957562323
occurrence of certain bacterial species and morphotypes in juvenile periodontitis in chile.the occurrence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, campylobacter rectus, capnocytophaga species, and certain bacterial morphotypes was determined in 18 affected and 18 unaffected sites in 10 localized juvenile periodontitis (ljp) patients, and in 10 affected and 10 unaffected sites in 5 generalized juvenile periodontitis (gjp) patients. the subgingival proportion of the 7 bacterial species was det ...19957562347
heat shock proteins in the human periodontal disease process.the production of hsp by periodontopathic gram-negative bacteria was examined by sds-page, two dimensional gel electrophoresis, and western blotting using monoclonal antibodies against hsps. strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens, prevotella melaninogenica, and treponema socranskii species produced hsp which reacted with anti-yersinia enterocolitica hsp 60 and/or mycobacterial 65-kda hsp monoclon ...19957565172
molecular and immunological characterization of a 64-kda protein of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.the 64-kda protein to which about half the sera from patients with localized juvenile periodontitis and rapidly progressive periodontitis reacted strongly was purified from actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans y4. determination of the n-terminal sequence of the protein revealed that it was a groel-like protein. the dna fragment containing the groel gene of a. actinomycetemcomitans was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and the groesl operon was cloned by using colony hybridization with the ...19957567064
antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime tested against infrequently isolated pathogenic species (unusual pathogens).the cefotaxime sodium spectrum of activity is very broad and includes many common species and a variety of less frequently isolated pathogens. we have reviewed the clinical microbiology literature (44 references) and the data base of the university of iowa hospitals and clinics (iowa city, ia) to collect data on the activity of cefotaxime against the less common species. cefotaxime was consistently active against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga spp., eikenella corrodens, ery ...19957587049
the fusobacterium nucleatum major outer-membrane protein (foma) forms trimeric, water-filled channels in lipid bilayer membranes.the pore-forming activity of the major outer-membrane protein foma of the anaerobic fusobacterium nucleatum was studied in artificial lipid bilayer membranes. foma was isolated from f. nucleatum strains fev1, atcc 10953, and atcc 25586 by extraction with lithium dodecyl sulfate and lithium chloride and had an apparent molecular mass of about 40 kda. when solubilized at low temperatures, the protein ran with an apparent molecular mass of about 62 kda on sds/page. cross-linking experiments and two ...19957588760
fusobacterium nucleatum inhibits human t-cell activation by arresting cells in the mid-g1 phase of the cell cycle.fusobacterium nucleatum has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, pericarditis, otitis media, and disorders of the oral cavity such as pulpal infections, alveolar bone abscesses, and periodontal disease. we have previously demonstrated that sonic extracts of f. nucleatum fdc 364 were capable of inhibiting human t-cell responses to mitogens and antigens. in this study, we have further characterized this immunosuppressive protein ( ...19957591143
cellular source, activation and inhibition of dental plaque collagenase.dental plaque is the major aetiological factor in periodontal diseases and contains several proteolytic enzymes. the origin of these proteinases is, however, poorly studied. this study was undertaken to characterize collagenase present in dental plaque of adult periodontitis patients. vertebrate-type rather than bacterial-derived collagenase activity was detected in extracts of both supra- and subgingival dental plaque extracts of adult periodontitis patients. dental plaque collagenase was found ...19957593702
antibacterial effects of some root end filling materials.in addition to having good sealing ability, root end filling materials should "ideally" have some antibacterial activity to prevent bacterial growth. this investigation compared the antibacterial effects of amalgam, zinc oxide-eugenol, super eba and a mineral trioxide aggregate on nine facultative bacteria streptococcus fecalis, streptococcus mitis, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, lactobacillus species, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus subtilis, and esc ...19957595152
biological activities of lipopolysaccharides from oral bacteria and their relevance to the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis.chronic periodontitis is a major cause of tooth loss in adults and is a consequence of the colonisation of the subgingival region by organisms such as porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleatum. lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a constituent of the cell walls of all of these bacteria and is found in large quantities on the surfaces of periodontally-diseased teeth. lps from oral bacteria has a marked effect on most types of cell found in the periodontal tissues includi ...19957597416
subgingival temperature in rats with natural gingivitis.elevated temperature, normally a characteristic of inflammation, is a potential indicator of periodontal disease. the present investigation examined the relationship of subgingival temperature and various indicators of gingivitis in rats with spontaneous gingivitis (sus rat) and in control rats (res rat). in 24 sus rats with gingivitis, the subgingival temperature rose, but not in 6 sus and 20 res rats with healthy gingiva. subjects with high mean subgingival temperatures had significantly highe ...19947608849
microbial flora of sinus tracts and root canals of non-vital teeth.the occurrence of bacteria in 12 endodontically induced periodontal lesions associated with sinus tracts was examined. the microbial flora encountered in the sinus tract was compared with that of the root canal of the involved teeth which had not experienced any prior endodontic therapy. all microbiological samples taken from the sinus tract and from the root canal system contained bacteria. seventy-one strains were detected in the extraradicular lesions. of the anaerobic species, fusobacterium ...19957641609
bacteremia in conjunction with endodontic therapy.this study characterizes oral microorganisms believed to have spread from the root canal into the blood stream during and after endodontic therapy of teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis. microbiological samples were taken under aseptic conditions from the root canal of 26 single-rooted teeth in 26 patients. in the endodontic treatment of 13 of the patients (group 1), the first 3 reamers, sizes 15, 20 and 25, were used to a level 2 mm beyond the apical foramen. in the other 13 patients ( ...19957641631
isolation of porphyromonas gingivalis strain from tubal-ovarian abscess.an unusual case of involvement of porphyromonas gingivalis is described. two anaerobic isolates, identified as fusobacterium nucleatum and p. gingivalis, were recovered from the pus of a tubal-ovarian abscess in a 35-year-old woman. identification of the p. gingivalis isolate was confirmed by randomly amplified polymorphic dna fingerprinting.19957665673
[spondylodiscitis caused by fusobacterium nucleatum. apropos of a case].spondylodiscitis is rarely caused by anaerobic germs and occurs mainly in patients weakened by another infection. we report a case of fusobacterium nucleatum spondylodiscitis in a 63-year-old man. this is the third such report and the second in a non-immunodepressed patient. the clinical presentation and laboratory findings in this type of spondylodiscitis vary little from those produced by other germs. magnetic resonance imaging is the most useful diagnostic tool for spondylodiscitis. the germ ...19957667223
the influence of intracellular polyglucose and prior growth rate on the survival of fusobacterium nucleatum under starvation conditions.grown in a chemically defined medium containing glucose at a dilution rate of d = 0.065 h-1, fusobacterium nucleatum d212b-2 produced large amounts of intracellular polyglucose. aliquots of this culture were starved by anaerobic incubation at 37 degrees c and at various times, assayed for intracellular polyglucose content and viability. this protocol was repeated using cells grown under the same conditions in a chemically defined medium, a medium lacking carbohydrate and in which the organism pr ...19957675517
predominant microflora of severe, moderate and minimal periodontal lesions in young adults with rapidly progressive periodontitis.the purpose of this investigation was to study the microflora of severe, moderate and minimal periodontal lesions, in young adults with rapidly progressive periodontitis (rpp). subgingival plaque samples were taken from 142 periodontal lesions in 10 young adults aging 25 to 35 years. the examination of the subgingival microflora indicated that certain species, including porphyromonas gingivalis, bacteroides forsythus, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and campylobact ...19957722848
bacterial-stimulated cytokine production of peripheral mononuclear cells from patients of various periodontitis categories.periodontitis is a general term for disease categories, including juvenile periodontitis (jp), rapidly progressive periodontitis (rpp), and adult periodontitis (ap), which may or may not share a common etiology and pathogenesis. these disease categories are characterized by differences in progression of tissue destruction and differences in age group susceptibility, but not, to our knowledge, by differences in cytokine responses of inflammatory cells. the present study examined blood cell counts ...19957730965
[cerebral septic metastasis associated with hepatic abscess]. 19957734502
associations of specific bacteria with some endodontic signs and symptoms.although a wide range of bacterial species has been isolated from infected dental root canals it remains necessary to determine whether any particular group of such bacteria is associated with specific endodontic symptoms and clinical signs. in this study 30 root canals were examined microbiologically; of these, 14 were associated with pain, 20 with tenderness to percussion, 23 presented with wet root canals, seven with swelling, five with purulent exudate and four with a sinus. clinical and mic ...19947751061
mobile genetic elements of fusobacterium nucleatum.the gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, fusobacterium nucleatum, is a predominant member of the human oral flora. as a major component of subgingival plaque, this bacterium has a significant impact on the ecology of the oral cavity due to its ability to adhere to many different microbial species. the objective of this study was to identify and characterize plasmids and transposons that may have the potential to be developed into tools for cloning, genetic transformation, and mutagenesis of oral i ...19957753905
spontaneous gingival antibody production to fusobacterium nucleatum outer membrane in patients with adult periodontitis.the local antibody response to fusobacterium nucleatum outer membrane (fnom) was analyzed in patients with adult periodontitis (ap) at the single cell level. furthermore, we analyzed whether periodontal hygienic treatment could alter the antibody response. the number of igg- and igm-producing cells were investigated in gingival samples collected from 20 patients with ap. the patients were divided into 2 groups, before (bt, n = 9) and after (at, n = 11) periodontal hygienic treatment. four health ...19957767709
succession of putative peri-implant pathogens after root-form and plate-form implant placement in partially dentate adult monkeys.this report describes the succession of putative peri-implant pathogens in partially dentate monkeys after dental implantation and prosthetic reconstruction. tooth and implant (6 root-end form, 4 blade-vent implants) sites in eight monkeys were monitored microbiologically and clinically during the pre-implant stage, abutment connection stage, bridge placement stage, and three and six months after the bridge placement stage. tooth and implant sites were cleaned monthly post-extraction. microbiolo ...19957776158
attachment of fusobacterium nucleatum to fibronectin immobilized on gingival epithelial cells or glass coverslips.to learn more about colonization of the oral epithelium by fusobacterium nucleatum and the role of fibronectin in mediating adhesion of this microorganism, we studied attachment of this bacterium to cultured gingival epithelial cells that were coated with exogenous, purified plasma fibronectin. the three strains of f. nucleatum studied adhered in large numbers to epithelial cells that had been coated with fibronectin, compared with buffer-coated control cells. bacterial adherence was also enhanc ...19957782983
fusobacterium nucleatum, a new invasive pathogen in neutropenic patients?three chemotherapy-induced neutropenic hematologic patients with severe systemic infection caused by fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative anaerobic rod, are described. anaerobic infections are not very common in this patient category, but in a short period of time, several such patients were seen. the infection was considered to be caused by a combination of chemotherapy-induced mucositis, which served as a portal of entry for the systemic infection, and the antibiotic regime used in these p ...19957784823
quantifying the strength of bacterial adhesive interactions with salivary glycoproteins.we adapted an assay that has been used to estimate the strength of eukaryotic cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesive interactions (mcclay et al., 1981) to quantify the strength of bacterial (streptococci, fusobacteria, actinomyces) interactions with salivary receptors. bacteria are centrifuged onto human submandibular/sublingual or parotid-saliva-coated microtiter wells. plates are sealed with pressure-sensitive, double-sided tape which allows them to be inverted and centrifuged again. ...19957790599
fatal sepsis due to a beta-lactamase-producing strain of fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies polymorphum.a patient with waldenström's macroglobulinemia was treated empirically with imipenem for sepsis related to oropharyngeal infection and responded within 24 hours. when blood cultures yielded streptococcus agalactiae, the regimen was changed to ampicillin and gentamicin. the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and she died 3 days later. after her death, a strain of fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies polymorphum producing beta-lactamase (pen-y; group 2a) was isolated from blood cultures. a li ...19957795076
cytotoxicity in bacterial cultures: interaction and cell-specificity, possible factors in periodontal disease.cytotoxicity in culture media of various growing bacterial strains was estimated by cr-51 release of labelled target-cells. interaction studies were made by adding each of the different uv-killed bacteria to the medium with viable bacteria. the reference oral bacterial strains were: actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans y4, porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococcus mitis, which were compared with the reference bacteria staphylococcus aureus 209 and staphylococcus epiderm ...19947799211
utilization of glutathione (l-gamma-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine) by fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies nucleatum.although fusobacteria use amino acids and peptides as energy source, it is not known whether they are able to actively transport peptides into the cell. in the present study the tripeptide glutathione was used as a model substance to investigate peptide uptake in fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum. cells harvested after 2 days of growth on blood agar or in their exponential growth phase in broth were suspended in buffer with glutathione, l-cysteinylglycine and l-cysteine. as a measure of c ...19947808772
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