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the management of acute, serous and chronic otitis media: the role of anaerobic bacteria.otitis media (om) is a common childhood disease and one which can cause significant morbidity. a knowledge of the pathogens responsible for om enables the most appropriate treatment regimen to be selected and thus minimizes further complications which may require hospital admission and surgery. the microbiology of acute, serous and chronic om is reviewed, with particular regard to the role of anaerobic bacteria. anaerobes, mainly gram-positive cocci, have been recovered from 25% of the ear aspir ...19921362753
sensitization of oral bacteria to killing by low-power laser radiation.twenty-seven compounds were screened for their ability to sensitize streptococcus sanguis to killing by light from a 7.3-mw helium/neon (hene) laser. bacteria were mixed with various concentrations of the test compounds, spread over the surfaces of agar plates, and then exposed to light from the hene laser for various time periods. the plates were then incubated and examined for zones of inhibition. those compounds found to be effective photosensitizers were then tested against porphyromonas gin ...19921369193
microbiologic and pathologic aspects of pulpal and periapical disease.the greatest cause of endodontic and periapical pathosis is microbial infection of the pulp. most odontogenic infections are of a polymicrobial nature. with advances in anaerobic isolation and culturing techniques, much has been learned about the presence of pathogenic organisms such as porphyromonas and prevotella species (formerly classified as black-pigmented bacteroides species) in infected root canals. this review provides a summary of recent developments in endodontic microbiology, virulen ...19921381632
the establishment of human t cell lines reactive with specific periodontal bacteria.human t cell lines (tcls) were obtained by stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) with the 2 periodontopathic bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis fdc-381 and fusobacterium nucleatum fdc-263. after the first round of stimulation and rest, the cells responded specifically to the bacteria originally used to establish each line. throughout the culture period, the responsiveness of each of the tcls to their specific bacteria increased. phenotypic analysis of the tcls revealed hetero ...19921383912
isolation and identification of intestinal bacteria from japanese tree frog (hlya japonica) with the special reference to anaerobic bacteria.the bacteria in the large intestines of eight japanese tree frogs (hlya japonica) were enumerated by using an anaerobic culture system. the microorganisms at approximately 3.1 x 10(9) bacteria per g (wet weight) of intestinal contents were present in the intestine of all the frogs tested. no difference of the total bacteria in the frog intestine was observed between two different incubation-temperatures (room temperature and 37 degrees c). eleven genera and 16 species were isolated from the frog ...19921391180
[lemierre's syndrome with splenic abscesses].a week after onset of a pharyngo-tonsillitis a previously healthy 23-year-old man developed high fever (41.4 degrees c), leukocytosis (12,200/microliters) with marked shift to the left, thrombocytopenia (86,000/microliters) and increased transaminases (got 83 u/l, gpt 113 u/l). chest x-ray film suggested intrapulmonary abscesses with left-sided pleural effusion. the suspected diagnosis of "post-tonsillitis" septicaemia (lemierre's syndrome) was confirmed by demonstrating anaerobic, fusiform, gra ...19921396137
identification of proteases from periodontopathogenic bacteria as activators of latent human neutrophil and fibroblast-type interstitial collagenases.activation of latent human fibroblast-type and neutrophil interstitial procollagenases as well as degradation of native type i collagen by supra- and subgingival dental plaque extracts, an 80-kda trypsinlike protease from porphyromas gingivalis (atcc 33277), a 95-kda chymotrypsinlike protease from treponema denticola (atcc 29522), and selected bacterial species commonly isolated in periodontitis was studied. the bacteria included were prevotella intermedia (atcc 25261), prevotella buccae (es 57) ...19921398963
longitudinal monitoring of humoral antibody in subjects with destructive periodontal diseases.fifty-one subjects (16-61 years old) with evidence of prior destructive periodontal disease were monitored clinically and immunologically at bi-monthly intervals for up to 5 yr. periodontal disease activity, determined as new attachment loss, was detected in 33 of these subjects. only 4 of 51 subjects failed to show an elevated serum antibody level to any of the 18 subgingival species tested. the antibody level threshold established for periodontally healthy subjects was exceeded most often in d ...19921403580
effect of extraction of partly erupted third molars on subgingival microorganisms.this study was made to investigate the effect of extraction of third molars on subgingival microbes in 39 generally and gingivally healthy men with an average age of 20.2 years (sd 0.9). microbial samples were taken from the pericoronal space of symptom-free partly erupted lower third molars and from the adjacent gingival pockets of the second molars. the samples were cultivated anaerobically. all partly erupted third molars were extracted from 20 subjects. a control group of 19 subjects was lef ...19921408014
experimentally induced infection by oral anaerobic microorganisms in a mouse model.a mouse model was developed to study the abscessogenic potential of pure and mixed cultures of oral anaerobes associated with infections of endodontic origin. maximum subcutaneous lesions were seen on their backs between 3 and 14 d after inoculation. strains of fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and veillonella parvula were pathogenic in pure culture. a mixed culture of f. nucleatum with either porphyromonas gingivalis or prevotella intermedia was significantly more pathogen ...19921408362
infection and labor. viii. microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in patients with suspected cervical incompetence: prevalence and clinical significance.the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in patients presenting with cervical dilatation in the midtrimester of pregnancy.19921415396
2-hydroxyglutaryl-coa dehydratase from fusobacterium nucleatum (subsp. nucleatum): an iron-sulfur flavoprotein.anaerobically prepared cell-free extracts from fusobacterium nucleatum contain 2-hydroxyglutaryl-coa dehydratase with a specific activity of 20 nkat mg-1. the enzyme was purified 24-fold to a specific activity of 480 nkat mg-1 by anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and chromatography on blue-sepharose. the activity of the purified enzyme was strictly dependent on the reductant ti(iii)citrate and stimulated 25-fold by 0.15 mm atp and 5 mm mgcl2. atp is hydrolysed to adp during incubatio ...19921417419
interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta in preterm and term human parturition.interleukin-1 (il-1) has been implicated in the mechanism of human parturition in the setting of infection. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of labor (term and preterm) and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity on amniotic fluid (af) concentrations il-1 alpha and il-1 beta. af was retrieved by transabdominal amniocentesis from the following groups of women: midtrimester genetic amniocentesis (16 to 18 wk) (n = 15), preterm labor with intact membranes (21 to 36 wk) with o ...19921418402
[etiology of pathological changes in the liver of fattened geese]. 19761017560
complement activation by lipopolysaccharides purified from gram-negative bacteria isolated from infected root canals.the purpose of the present study was to investigate the complement activation by lipopolysaccharides purified from porphyromonas (bacteroides) endodontalis, veillonella parvula, and fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from infected root canals. the rate of consumption of the c3t component of the complement increased remarkably when lipopolysaccharides of more than 10 micrograms were added.19921437068
comparison of the effects of galactose and glucose on the ph responses of human dental plaque, salivary sediment and pure cultures of oral bacteria.comparisons made in dental plaque in vivo demonstrated that galactose produces a significantly smaller decrease in ph than does glucose. in vitro studies with plaque, salivary sediment and pure cultures of oral bacteria done in the absence of intraoral factors such as flowing saliva confirmed this lesser acidogenicity of galactose. pure culture showed that most of the bacteria tested produce a moderate to large decrease with glucose but only a few do so with galactose; most produced a moderate t ...19921444892
an unrecognized etiology for pyogenic hepatic abscesses in normal hosts: dental disease.cryptogenic pyogenic hepatic abscesses are a diagnosis of exclusion. we have identified two patients with severe dental disease at the time of the diagnosis of their liver abscess. in both cases, oral flora was cultured from the abscess. unlike a previous report, both patients were immunocompetent. when compared with a group of patients with liver abscesses and diverticulitis, two differences were found. in contrast to the single abscesses seen in 10 of 10 patients with diverticulitis, the patie ...19921449134
cellular fatty acids in fusobacterium species as a tool for identification.identification of fusobacteria from clinical specimens currently requires analysis of metabolic end products by gas-liquid chromatography in addition to certain biochemical and enzymatic tests because of the relative biochemical inactivity of these bacteria. even the finding of pointed, thin gram-negative cells on gram-stained slides can no longer be relied on for identification of fusobacterium nucleatum, since at least four other species of fusobacteria have been seen to exhibit similar morpho ...19921452706
aggregation of bovine platelets by fusobacterium necrophorum.washed cell suspensions of biovar a strains of fusobacterium necrophorum aggregated cattle platelets, but similar suspensions of biovar b strains did not. platelets were also aggregated by heat-treated bacterial cells or the lipopolysaccharide of biovar a. no platelet aggregation occurred in the presence of the cell-free culture supernatant of biovar a and of all samples prepared from biovar b. scanning electron microscopy revealed that aggregated platelets were not damaged. platelet aggregation ...19921455628
phenolic constituents in erythrina x bidwilli and their activity against oral microbial organisms.five flavonoid compounds, including two new isoflavanones, were isolated from the root bark of erythrina x bidwilli. their structures were determined to be 2,10-di(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)-3,9-dihydroxypterocarpan (erythrabyssin ii), 6,8-di(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)-7,2',4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone (bidwillon a), 8-gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl-2',4'-dihydroxy-[6",6"-di-methylpyrano - (2",3":7,6)]isoflavanone (bidwillon b), 8-gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl-7,4'-dihydroxyisoflavone (8-gamma,gamma-dimethy ...19921464104
experimental studies of survival of anaerobic bacteria at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c in two different transport systems.the survival of anaerobic bacteria on swabs in two different transport systems at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c was evaluated. the transport systems were a charcoal-impregnated cotton swab in modified stuart transport medium (mst), and a viscose swab in modified siff transport medium (btm) (bionor). the following eight clinical strains of anaerobic bacteria were tested for quantitative recovery at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h; fusobacterium necrophorum, bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides inte ...19921472363
microbiota associated with residual clefts and neighboring teeth in patients with cleft lip, alveolus, and palate.twenty patients with residual clefts or pronounced soft tissue grooves, treated for uni- or bilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate were included in this study. ten patients were recalled for dental prophylaxis at regular intervals, 10 patients were not. one microbiologic sample was obtained from the cleft area and two samples from a tooth adjacent to the cleft (sites adjacent and distant to the cleft). between the recall and the nonrecall group there were notable differences in the presence o ...19921472527
ultrastructure and molecular characterization of fusobacterium necrophorum biovars.the ultrastructural features and molecular components of 18 strains of fusobacterium necrophorum biovars a, ab and b, isolated from animal and human infections, were examined by electron microscopy, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee) and by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). high resolution scanning electron microscopy revealed that the strains possessed a convoluted surface pattern. transmission electron microscopy showed that all strains possess ...19921477801
the relative lethality of intestinal bacteria for gnotobiotic rats with experimental intestinal strangulation.in eight experiments utilizing 28 animals each, germfree rats with and without ischemically or hemorrhagically strangulated closed loop intestinal segments were contaminated with either one of four common intestinal anaerobic bacteria, or a combination of two or three bacteria previously found to be innocuous in pure culture. the results showed that: a) in pure culture, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides melaninogenicus, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius were innocuous; b) fusobacterium necrophor ...19921479304
susceptibility of anaerobic microorganisms to hypothiocyanite produced by lactoperoxidase.the susceptibility of capnocytophaga ochracea, eikenella corrodens, eubacterium yurii, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus micros, prevotella intermedia, selenomonas sputigena, wolinella recta to hypothiocyanite (oscn-) produced by the lactoperoxidase system was tested. results showed a decrease of bacterial survival rate after oscn- exposure, with an intra- and inter-species variability from 0 to 95% for c. ochracea, 34-100% for e. corrodens, 0-83% for e. yurii, 1-15% for f. nucleatum, ...19921481764
comparative in vitro activity of ro 40-6890, ro 41-3399, and other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.the in vitro activity of the ester ro 41-3399 and its free active acid ro 40-6890 was tested against 189 strains of anaerobic bacteria in comparison to other oral cephalosporins and to antimicrobial agents established in the treatment of anaerobic infections. prevotella, porphyromonas, peptostreptococcus, fusobacterium and clostridium spp. were susceptible to ro 40-6890, with few exceptions. due to its lack of activity against the major pathogens of the bacteriodes fragilis group, ro 40-6890 doe ...19921486894
associations between microbial species in dental root canal infections.the existence of commensal or antagonistic relationships between microorganisms in the root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis was investigated. samples were taken from 65 infected human root canals and were analysed according to species, frequency of occurrence and proportion of the total isolated flora. the most frequent species were fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, peptostreptococcus micros, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, eubacterium alactolyticum, eubacterium lentum and ...19921494447
periodontal pathogens in the shallow pockets of immigrants from developing countries.the aim of this study was to examine the distribution of typical periodontitis-associated microorganisms in refugees arriving from non-industrialized countries, and to relate the presence of these organisms to the periodontal condition of the subjects. thirty males between 35-44 years of age were surveyed. dental plaque, calculus, gingivitis, loss of attachment, and probing depths were recorded for all surfaces. a total of 90 microbiological samples were taken with paper points from mesial sites ...19921494449
relationship between oral gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in saliva of the mother and the colonization of her edentulous infant.various gram-negative anaerobic bacterial species can be detected in the oral flora of edentulous infants. however, knowledge of the initial infection source is still scarce. thirty caucasian mothers (mean age 30 years) and their edentulous infants (mean age 3 months) were examined for the possible similarity of the oral gram-negative anaerobic flora. paraffin-stimulated saliva was collected from the mothers. a pooled swab sample from mucosal surfaces and unstimulated saliva were collected from ...19921494450
coaggregation studies of the eubacterium species.eubacterium species are gram-positive anaerobic rods that are frequently isolated from subgingival plaque of periodontal pockets. five eubacterium species were tested for their ability to coaggregate with 33 oral bacterial strains. using visual and turbidimetric assays, coaggregation was observed among eubacterium brachy, eubacterium nodatum, eubacterium alactolyticum and eubacterium limosum strains only when tested with fusobacterium nucleatum strains; eubacterium saburreum displayed only weak ...19921494452
characterization of shared antigens of fusobacterium nucleatum and fusobacterium necrophorum.fusobacterium nucleatum and fusobacterium necrophorum are gram-negative, non-spore-forming anaerobic rods, frequently isolated from the normal flora and diseased lesions of the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. f. necrophorum is also known to be an animal pathogen. studies were undertaken with rabbit anti-f. nucleatum sera and with human adult periodontitis (ap) sera that demonstrated the sharing of antigens between the two species. immunodiffusion and immunoelectroph ...19921494453
the breakdown and utilization of peptides by strains of fusobacterium nucleatum.it has been claimed that most strains of fusobacterium nucleatum require peptides rather than free amino acids for growth. in contrast, we have shown that, under continuous culture conditions, all strains tested grow in a chemically defined medium (cdm). the purposes of this study were to determine whether resting cells of f. nucleatum could attack unsubstituted peptides and whether growing cells could utilize a peptide fraction prepared from a commercial peptone. resting cells cleaved all 19 pe ...19921494454
nonspecific antibacterial factors in milk from cows immunized with human oral bacterial pathogens.both the immunoglobulins and non-specific antibacterial factors in milk from cows immunized with pathogenic oral bacteria have the potential to influence the oral microflora during passive immunization studies. the first six milks after calving were collected from 2 cows immunized with adjuvant and from 14 cows immunized with adjuvant and heat-killed strains of periodontopathic actinomyces, porphyromonas, prevotella, and fusobacterium. analysis of the products from the first to the sixth milks r ...19921500576
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of fusobacterium necrophorum antibody in bovine sera.an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with hcl heat extracted antigen of fusobacterium necrophorum was developed for the detection of antibody in bovine sera. optimal conditions for antigen concentration and dilution of bovine serum were established. pretreatment of positive reference serum with the antigens of different bacteria demonstrated no decrease, whereas the serum pretreated with f. necrophorum antigens revealed a decrease in the elisa values. the apparent difference in elisa val ...19921501592
[botryomycosis caused by fusobacteria].in the anglo-american literature botrymycosis is described as a chronic cutaneous granulomatous reaction to bacterial infection, containing granules resembling the sulphur granules seen in actinomycosis. the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects are discussed with reference to a recently observed patient. fusobacterium nucleatum was isolated as the bacterial cause of the pathologic disorder.19921506205
[necrobacillosis].necrobacillosis is an infection caused by the anaerobic gram-negative rod fusobacterium necrophorum. the infection is most common in previously healthy young adults and is characterised by sore throat followed by rigors, septicaemia and the formation of metastatic abscesses, often in the lungs. the infection has a certain mortality, which is reduced when early and sufficient treatment is administered. the treatment is a prolonged course of penicillin and/or metronidazole. two case histories and ...19921509576
factors affecting the leukotoxin activity of fusobacterium necrophorum.the effect of cultural conditions on the production of leukotoxin by biotypes a and b of f. necrophorum was investigated. biotypes a and b were grown in prereduced, anaerobically sterilized, brain-heart infusion (bhi) broth. the average leukotoxin titer of culture supernatant was 18 times higher from biotype a strains than from biotype b strains. leukotoxin activity peaked during the late-log and early-stationary phases of growth, then declined precipitously in both biotypes. f. necrophorum biot ...19921514235
ruptured splenic abscess secondary to infectious mononucleosis.a 24-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis presented with fever and left upper quadrant pain. abdominal computed tomography revealed a splenic abscess that at laparotomy was found to have ruptured. this case illustrates a rare cause of splenic abscess and a rare complication of infectious mononucleosis.19921514735
endocarditis with acute mitral regurgitation caused by fusobacterium necrophorum.infective endocarditis is uncommon in young children, especially in the absence of structural heart disease. we report the case of a 2-year-old boy who presented with acute rupture of the mitral valve chordae 6 weeks after an episode of fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia. his heart had been structurally normal before. mitral valve replacement was successfully performed. this is the first recorded case of endocarditis in a child caused by necrobacillosis.19921518743
necrobacillosis with pancytopenia.two young children whose presentation with necrobacillosis caused considerable diagnostic difficulty resulting in referral to an oncology unit are described. in both cases their severe suppurative multisystem illness was complicated by pancytopenia. one had bone marrow infarcts and severe endocarditis in addition to pulmonary involvement and the other had osteitis which resulted in a deformed humerus.19921519964
the effect of cyclosporin and lipopolysaccharide on fibroblasts: implications for cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth.drug-induced gingival overgrowth is an adverse side effect associated principally with 3 different types of drugs; specifically the antiepileptic phenytoin, the calcium channel antagonist nifedipine, and the immunosuppressant cyclosporin. the present study has analyzed the effect of cyclosporin and lipopolysaccharide on fibroblasts from 3 different sources: 1) normal healthy human gingiva (nhgf); 2) overgrown gingiva from 2 patients taking cyclosporin (chgf); and 3) human fetal lung (wi-38). fib ...19921527683
enumeration of subgingival species on primary isolation plates using colony lifts.this study evaluated the feasibility of using a colony lift method and dna probes to enumerate bacterial species cultured on primary isolation plates. fourteen digoxigenin-labeled whole chromosomal dna probes representing 12 subgingival species were validated by hybridization with colony lifts prepared from 249 reference strains of 51 species grown on trypticase soy agar plates supplemented with 5% sheep blood. colonies of reference strains were lifted onto nytran filters from plates and treated ...19921528619
the early colonization of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in edentulous infants.the occurrence of oral gram-negative anaerobes was examined in 30 edentulous infants (mean age 3 months, range 1-7 months). one pooled swab sample from mucosal surfaces (cheeks, palate, tongue) and one saliva sample was taken from each infant. the samples were cultured aerobically and anaerobically using non-selective and selective media. prevotella (bacteroides) melaninogenica was the most frequently isolated anaerobe, found in 70% of the infants. the other common anaerobes were fusobacterium n ...19921528621
microbiological evaluation of periapical infections in egypt.this study identifies and correlates proportions of bacteria in periapically involved anterior teeth of 85 adult egyptian patients. affected sites were free from caries and periodontal disease but had a history of trauma. the mean number of component bacterial species per specimen was 3.1. anaerobic bacteria were the dominant flora present in specimen cultures, comprising 73% (190/259) of cultivable bacteria. the most frequently isolated organisms were eubacterium species (68%), black-pigmented ...19921528629
serum igg reactive with oral anaerobic microorganisms associated with infections of endodontic origin.numerous species of bacteria have been implicated with infections of endodontic origin. the purpose of this study was to compare the levels of serum igg antibodies reactive with a panel of 10 oral anaerobic microorganisms implicated in infections of endodontic origin. serum samples were collected from 4 patient groups that included healthy patients without endodontic or periodontal disease, patients with chronic adult periodontal disease, patients with endodontic disease and patients with combin ...19921528630
comparative mitogenicity and polyclonal b cell activation capacity of eight oral or nonoral bacterial lipopolysaccharides in cultures of spleen cells from athymic (nu/nu-balb/c) and thymic (balb/c) mice.optimal stimulatory doses of purified phenol-water extracted lipopolysaccharides (lps) from 5 selected strains of 3 putative periodontopathogens (fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, and veillonella), 3 strains of 2 nonoral bacterial species (bacteroides fragilis and salmonella enteritidis), and pokeweed mitogen (pwm) induced significantly higher maximum mitogenic responses and polyclonal ig production in cultures of unfractionated spleen cells from nu/nu-balb/c (nude) than from balb/ ...19921528635
effect of clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam on three different beta-lactamases from bacteroides uniformis, clostridium butyricum and fusobacterium nucleatum.the effect of three beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam used in clinical practice were compared for their activity against purified beta-lactamases from bacteroides uniformis, clostridium butyricum and fusobacterium nucleatum. the enzymes from b. uniformis and c. butyricum were produced in fermenters under controlled growth conditions and the enzyme from f. nucleatum was produced in batch cultures. purification of the beta-lactamases was achieved by anion-exchang ...19921331018
sensitization of oral bacteria in biofilms to killing by light from a low-power laser.biofilms of streptococcus sanguis, porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were prepared on the surfaces of agar plates and a number of compounds were screened for their ability to sensitize bacteria in these biofilms to killing by light from a 7.3 mw helium/neon (he/ne) laser. toluidine blue o and methylene blue enabled detectable killing of all four target organisms after exposure to he/ne light for 30 s. aluminium disulphonated phthalocyanine ...19921334649
recurrence of brain abscess associated with asymptomatic arteriovenous malformation of the lung.on the basis of the data provided by literature the majority of patients with an arteriovenous malformation of the lung who develop a brain abscess suffer from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, or rendu-osler-weber disease. only nine cases of brain abscesses in which the arteriovenous malformation of the lung was isolated have been described and in all of these, clinical signs and/or alterations in the laboratory data were detected which can be attributed to the arteriovenous malformation i ...19921436368
a non-lectin-like mechanism by which fusobacterium nucleatum 10953 adheres to and activates human lymphocytes.most (approximately 80%) strains of fusobacterium nucleatum adhere to human erythrocytes in a lectin-like manner that is strongly inhibited by n-acetyl-d-galactosamine (galnac). in this study, we investigated the capacity of f. nucleatum 10953, a strain that is weakly inhibited by galnac, to adhere to and activate human lymphocytes in vitro. experiments using [3h]-labeled bacteria and scanning electron microscopy clearly showed that 10953 adhered to lymphocytes and that adherence was blocked by ...19921528636
isolation and properties of the capnocytophaga ochracea bacteriocin.a bacteriocin from a subgingival plaque isolate of capnocytophaga ochracea was purified and characterized. it was isolated from cell extract and had a molecular weight of 100,000. streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mitis, streptococcus mutans and propionibacterium acnes were susceptible to the bacteriocin.19921528638
predominant obligate anaerobes in human periodontal pockets.this study was carried out to investigate the predominant anaerobic bacteria of periodontal pockets in patients with advanced periodontitis, who had no previous treatment other than supragingival scaling, no history of recent or chronic systemic illness, nor any intake of antibiotics within 6 weeks prior to bacteriological sampling. care was taken not to ignore tiny-colony-forming anaerobes, by means of a stereoscope and an anaerobic glove box system. out of 422 (100%) isolates, 380 (90%) were o ...19921531505
sucrose fermentation by fusobacterium mortiferum atcc 25557: transport, catabolism, and products.studies of sucrose utilization by fusobacterium mortiferum atcc 25557 have provided the first definitive evidence for phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar:phosphotransferase activity in the family bacteroidaceae. the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sucrose:phosphotransferase system and the two enzymes required for the dissimilation of sucrose 6-phosphate are induced specifically by growth of f. mortiferum on the disaccharide. monomeric sucrose 6-phosphate hydrolase (m(r), 52,000) and a dimeric atp- ...19921533618
in vitro hydrogen production by enteric bacteria cultured from children with small bowel bacterial overgrowth.lactulose breath hydrogen test and enterotest string test were carried out simultaneously on 19 children 3-5 years old. bacteria isolated from the jejunal fluid in upper small intestines of these children were incubated with lactulose at neutral ph. anaerobes were present in all but one child, and in 15 children they were present in numbers greater than 5 log10 organisms per ml. most of these bacteria did not produce hydrogen in vitro. hydrogen production (greater than 100 ppm) was observed with ...19921534365
acute intrapartum twin-twin transfusion. a case report.a rare case of acute intrapartum twin-twin transfusion occurred. the well-recognized criteria of long-standing chronic twin-twin transfusion were absent. although a cesarean section was performed for obstetric reasons, the hyperperfused twin, a, died intrapartum. twin b, the hypoperfused twin, although liveborn, died neonatally of renal failure attributed to renal cortical necrosis as a sequel to hypotension.19921538367
antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in auckland 1987-90.the antimicrobial susceptibility of 292 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined by a standard agar dilution method. metronidazole was the most active agent with only one bacteroides fragilis, two anaerobic cocci, and propionibacterium acnes being resistant. for b fragilis itself and other members of the b fragilis group: 35/35 (100%) and 43/44 (98%) respectively, were susceptible to amoxycillin-clavulanic acid; 47/47 (100%) and 55/56 (98%) respectively, were susceptible to cefoxit ...19921549266
intraamniotic infection with fusobacteria.a literature search produced ten studies in which fusobacterium was cultured from amniotic fluid in women with preterm labor and intact membranes or with preterm premature rupture of membranes (prom). fusobacterium was isolated in 9.9% (9/91) of positive amniotic fluid cultures in women with preterm prom and in 28.3% (17/60) of positive amniotic fluid cultures in women presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes. fusobacterium plays a previously unrecognized role in the pathogenesis of pr ...19921550388
the prevalence and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection with candida species in women with preterm labor.intraamniotic infection is considered a major etiologic factor of preterm birth. positive amniotic fluid cultures are rarely contaminated with candida species. the presence of this microorganism is associated with a poor pregnancy outcome. out of 773 transabdominal amniocenteses performed in women presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes, 77 patients (9.9%) had positive amniotic fluid cultures and in 5 women (6.5%) candida species were identified. on the other hand, 625 amniocenteses w ...19921550392
minocycline slow-release formulation effect on subgingival bacteria.the purpose of this study was to determine the microbiological efficacy of an adjunctive minocycline periodontal formulation delivered subgingivally. subjects were systemically healthy but exhibited severe periodontitis; i.e., probing depths greater than 6 mm. the two study groups included individuals who received minocycline or a placebo periodontal formulation after root planing. subgingival plaque samples were obtained at baseline; prior to treatment; and at 1, 3, and 6 months. plaque was eva ...19921552468
serial doxycycline and metronidazole in prevention of recurrent periodontitis in high-risk patients.the efficacy of metronidazole and doxycycline in preventing recurrent periodontitis was studied in 23 patients. after treatment in the previous 7 months with either bimonthly scaling and 3 weeks of systemic doxycycline (11 subjects) or scaling and placebo (12 subjects), patients were monitored for recurrent periodontitis and were scaled every 2 months. when either a periodontal abscess or greater than 2 mm loss of gingival attachment was observed, metronidazole was administered (250 mg every 8 h ...19921552469
a semiquantitative enzyme method for identifying fusobacterium necrophorum biovars a and b. 19921554776
synergistic degradation of bovine serum albumin by mutans streptococci and other dental plaque bacteria.mutans streptococci (streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus) exhibited low levels of proteolytic activity against the model protein substrate, fitc-labelled bovine serum albumin, when incubated alone. inclusion of other members of the dental plaque microflora in the assay usually resulted in marked increases in the degree of proteolysis and a high level of synergy. interactions between mutans streptococci and either streptococcus oralis or fusobacterium nucleatum gave rise to the greate ...19921555762
treatment of prepubertal periodontitis. a case report and discussion.this paper reports the treatment of prepubertal periodontitis in a 3-year-old girl with papillon-lefèvre syndrome. initially, the patient was found to have a myeloperoxidase deficiency and microbiological tests have identified bacteroides and fusobacterium, in 60% and 25%, respectively of the total number of microbial flora cultivated. the initial treatment was extraction of all the primary teeth with grade 3 mobility, scaling, root planing and daily subgingival irrigation with a 0.2% solution o ...19921556251
[pyomyositis, not an exclusively tropical disease].pyomyositis is considered to be limited to tropical areas. in recent years, however, it is increasingly reported from temperate climate areas, predominantly in immunocompromised patients. since the disease can mimic several other conditions, it may remain unrecognized for weeks. two native patients from the netherlands are presented, neither of them had ever travelled to the tropics. one of the patients had aids, the other had no predisposing factors. pyomyositis can be difficult to diagnose, bu ...19921557164
noninvasive radiologic options in evaluating intracranial complications of otitis media. 19921562143
fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. fusiforme subsp. nov. and fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis subsp. nov. as additional subspecies within fusobacterium nucleatum.using a variety of physiological, biochemical, and molecular systematic analyses, we have shown previously that there are four groups within the species fusobacterium nucleatum. two of these groups of strains correspond to the recently proposed taxa f. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum and f. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum. in this paper we show that the two remaining groups are distinct and formally propose that they should be recognized as f. nucleatum subsp. fusiforme (type strain, nctc 11326) and f. ...19921581188
pathogenicity of fusobacterium necrophorum biovar b.previous studies showed that the high minimum infective dose (more than 10(6) organisms) of biovar a strains of fusobacterium necrophorum for mice by subcutaneous inoculation could be greatly reduced, often to less than 10 organisms, by suspending the fusobacteria in sublethal doses of broth cultures of certain other bacterial species, such as staphylococcus aureus. the present study showed that no such enhancement of infectivity occurred with two biovar b strains. this observation, together wit ...19921585082
further observations on the weak immunogenicity of fusobacterium necrophorum.five virulent strains of fusobacterium necrophorum resembled a single strain examined earlier by possessing little or no immunogenicity: severe subcutaneous infections cured with metronidazole failed to increase the resistance of mice to subcutaneous challenge 22 days after the cessation of treatment.19921585083
correlation of serum concentration of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein with lymphocyte blastogenesis and development of experimentally induced or naturally acquired hepatic abscesses in cattle.changes in serum alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1ag) concentration in cattle with hepatic abscesses were observed, and function of alpha 1ag was evaluated, particularly its influence on cellular immune response. test cattle (n = 4) were inoculated with fusobacterium necrophorum, control cattle (n = 2) were inoculated with inactivated bacteria, and naturally affected cattle (n = 11) were found in a slaughterhouse. determination of alpha 1ag was made by use of a single radial immunodiffusion met ...19921586031
numerical taxonomy of bacteroides and other genera of gram-negative anaerobic rods.a numerical taxonomy was performed on 157 cultures (141 different strains) of species of bacteroides, polyphyromonas, prevotella [not prevotella (labroue, 1976)] and fusobacterium. isolates were each tested for 111 phenotypic characters which included possession of constitutive enzymes, fermentation of specific carbohydrates, gas chromatographic analysis of metabolic end-products and of cellular carboxylic acid composition. computation of similarity coefficients was followed by a single-linkage ...19921593964
fusobacterium nucleatum bacteraemia with multiple liver abscesses in an hiv-i antibody positive man with igg2 deficiency.liver abscess formation due to fusobacterium nucleatum is rare. we describe an hiv-i antibody positive man, with normal surrogate markers of cell-mediated immunity, who presented with f. nucleatum bacteraemia and liver abscess formation. he was found to have igg2 subclass deficiency. this case illustrates the clinical importance of altered b-cell function in patients who are at an early stage of hiv disease.19921602152
modulation of human neutrophil adherence by oral bacteria.polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) comprise over 90 per cent of leukocytes in the oral cavity. although these phagocytic cells have primary defence roles in the gingiva, their stimulation by micro-organisms may also cause substantial tissue damage due to the release of lysosomal enzymes and oxygen radicals. adherence of pmns to the endothelium and their subsequent diapedesis and egress to areas of infection are considered early vital events in the inflammatory process. in this study, oral bact ...19921605750
[polymorphonuclear leukocyte-mediated effects on human oral keratinocytes by periodontopathic bacterial extracts].in order to investigate the polymorphonuclear leukocyte-mediated oral keratinocyte injury, the author established a method to culture keratinocytes (scc9 and gingival keratinocytes) and subjected to the cell detachment assay by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and/or bacterial ultrasonic extracts from actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans y4, bacteroides forsythus omz 408, fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 10953, capnocytophaga sputigena 4 and eikenella corrodens 1073. the bacterial extracts alone caused ...19921607829
necrobacillosis--an unusual cause of cervical abscess.necrobacillosis is a rare infection which may be fatal if inadequately treated. we present a case demonstrating the classical clinical picture upon which correct diagnosis depends. the need for a high index of suspicion is highlighted and appropriate management is discussed.19921613358
[lemierre syndrome--post-angina sepsis]. 19921620932
aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of intracranial abscesses.the bacteriologic and clinical findings of 39 pediatric patients with intracranial abscess are presented. twenty-three children presented with brain abscess and 16 with subdural empyema. predisposing conditions were present in all instances. sinusitis was present in 25 children and 4 patients each had chronic otitis media, dental abscess, and congenital heart disease. the abscess was located in the frontal area in 14 patients, parietal in 13, and temporal in 12. anaerobic organisms alone were re ...19921622518
chromosomal dna probes for the identification of asaccharolytic anaerobic pigmented bacterial rods from the oral cavity of cats.a dot-blot hybridisation assay using isolated high molecular weight dna as whole chromosomal probes of the cat pigmented asaccharolytic bacteroides/porphyromonas species was used against both purified high molecular weight dna and dna released on membranes from whole cells for the identification of b. salivosus and for its differentiation from the other anaerobic species isolated from normal and diseased mouths of cats and horses. 32p-labelled probes were compared with digoxigenin (dig)-labelled ...19921626377
in vitro activity of ly264826 compared to other glycopeptides and daptomycin.ly264826 a new naturally occurring glycopeptide inhibited 90% of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus at 1 micrograms/ml. ly264826 had similar activity against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. the ly264826 mic90 for streptococcus pyogenes was 0.25 microgram/ml, twofold more active than vancomycin and twofold less active than teicoplanin. ly264826 was eightfold more active than vancomycin and twofold more active than teicoplanin agai ...19911651826
quantitative analysis of the epstein-barr virus-inducing properties of short-chain fatty acids present in the culture fluids of oral bacteria.the culture fluids of various anaerobic bacteria induced the synthesis of early antigens (ea) in epstein-barr virus (ebv) carrying lymphoblastoid cells. the culture fluids of corynebacterium butyricum and fusobacterium nucleatum were the effective inducer on ea. the inducing activity was, to some extent, dependent on their n-butyric acid content, but appeared to be regulated by yet unidentified materials.19911652240
subgingival microflora of advanced periodontitis in the dominican republic.a study of the predominant subgingival microflora was carried out in 24 periodontitis patients, 18 to 60 years of age, in santo domingo, dominican republic. paper point sampling, transport in vmga iii, and conventional microbiological techniques were utilized. direct microscopic examination revealed that cocci and nonmotile organisms made up 85% of the total organisms and spirochetes as little as 3%. nonselective culturing showed gram-negative organisms to constitute 53% of total isolates. fusob ...19911658290
relation of baseline microbial parameters to future periodontal attachment loss.the relationship between the level of subgingival species at baseline and subsequent attachment loss in a subject was examined. 38 subjects (14-71 years) with prior evidence of periodontal destruction were monitored 2x for pocket depth and attachment level at 6 sites per tooth at baseline and 2 months. a subject was considered to exhibit new attachment loss if 1 or more sites increased 3 mm or more in attachment level in 2 months. subgingival plaque samples were taken at the baseline visit from ...19911661304
in-vitro activity of temafloxacin against anaerobic bacteria: a comparative study.the antimicrobial activity of temafloxacin for 328 anaerobic bacteria was determined and compared to that of cefotetan, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole. the wadsworth agar dilution technique using brucella-lysed sheep blood agar was used throughout. at the recommended breakpoint concentration 4 mg/l, temafloxacin inhibited 60/62 (97%) of the isolates of bacteroides fragilis and 82/87 (94%) of the isolates of other species of the b. fragilis group. ninety-six percent of the 24 isolates ...19911664827
systemic antibody responses to oral microorganisms in the cynomolgus monkey: development of methodology and longitudinal responses during ligature-induced disease.systemic antibody responses to oral microorganisms were studied during ligature-induced periodontal disease in a non-human primate (nhp) model. methodology was developed using elisa techniques to assess total igg and igm levels in the serum from the nhp. in addition, an elisa was developed utilizing affinity-purified anti-human isotype reagents to detect nhp serum antibody responses to porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia and fusobacterium nucleat ...19911665573
phenotypic analysis of b-cells extracted from human periodontal disease tissue.b-cells extracted from periodontal disease tissue were analyzed for the presence of activation markers using a range of monoclonal antibodies. in adult periodontitis (ap), 6% of b-cells expressed the il-2 receptor (cd25) compared with 1-2% in peripheral blood and healthy or marginal gingivitis (h/mg) gingival b-cells. there was also an increase in the mean percentage of igd-positive b-cells and a decrease in cd21 and cd22 expression. in both ap and h/mg lesions, 20-22% of the b-cells expressed c ...19911668249
pathways of glutamate catabolism among fusobacterium species.glutamate is a major source of energy for fusobacterium species but its mode of catabolism has not hitherto been elucidated. cell suspensions of f. nucleatum and f. varium, as representative species from the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, respectively, both decarboxylated position-labelled glutamate but by different pathways. 14co2 was released only from c-5 by f. nucleatum whereas f. varium decarboxylated glutamate at either c-1 or c-5. in both species, 2 mols of glutamate fermented yi ...19911678005
cerebral abscess associated with dental procedure in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. 19911678462
hepatic ultrasonography and blood changes in cattle with experimentally induced hepatic abscesses.hepatic abscesses were induced experimentally in 5 steers by inoculating fusobacterium necrophorum via ultrasonography-guided, percutaneous catheterization of the portal vein. hepatic ultrasonography was performed to determine the onset and progression of abscessation. blood samples were collected before and after inoculation for performing leukocyte counts and hepatic function tests. ultrasonographic evidence of liver abscesses was observed as early as 3 days after inoculation. abscesses appear ...19911679304
[severe infections due to streptococcus milleri in children].streptococcus milleri (s. milleri) is found in healthy individuals in the mouth, nasopharynx, throat, vagina and in feces, and has been reported to be isolated from several infectious diseases in man, particularly from abscess in various parts of the body. we report two cases of severe infections due to s. milleri isolated from subdural abscess and pleural empyema. [case 1] 13 year old boy who had been healthy until he was noticed to have meningeal signs and was diagnosed as left subdural absces ...19911680938
glucanase-producing organisms in human dental plaques.selective media were used to isolate a wide range of bacteria from sixty human dental plaques. glucanase activities of the isolates were determined on dextran- and starch-containing media. all sixty samples of dental plaque yielded some colonies showing amylolytic and dextranolytic activities. the glucanase-producing organisms comprised 20% of the isolates. of these 38% were gram-positive rods, 27% gram-positive cocci, 28% gram-negative rods and 7% were gram-negative cocci. the cultural groups m ...19901691432
the relationship of serum igg antibody titers to periodontal pathogens to indicators of the host response in crevicular fluid.in this study; the relationship of indicators of the local host response in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) to the serum antibody titer to periodontal pathogens was examined. 15 patients with chronic adult periodontitis were studied. gcf was collected and analyzed for the total amount of igg, igm, the lysosomal enzyme b-glucuronidase (bg) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha 2m). at the same examination, serum from these patients was collected, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays used to determin ...19901696949
intrageneric relationships of members of the genus fusobacterium as determined by reverse transcriptase sequencing of small-subunit rrna.the phylogenetic interrelationships of 14 members of the genus fusobacterium were investigated by performing a comparative analysis of the 16s rrna sequences of these organisms. the sequence data revealed considerable intrageneric heterogeneity. the four species fusobacterium nucleatum (including f. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, f. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, "f. nucleatum subsp. fusiforme," and "f. nucleatum subsp. animalis"), fusobacterium alocis, fusobacterium periodonticum, and fusobacterium ...19911715737
diagnosis and management of anaerobic infections of the head and neck.anaerobic bacteria are important pathogens in head and neck infections such as chronic otitis media, chronic sinusitis, chronic mastoiditis, head and neck abscesses, cervical adenitis, parotitis, and postoperative infection. bacteroides sp (bacteroides melaninogenicus group, bacteroides oralis, and bacteroides fragilis group), peptostreptococcus sp, and fusobacterium sp predominate. the observed recent increase in the number of beta-lactamase-producing strains of bacteroides sp isolated in head ...19921728904
the association of occult amniotic fluid infection with gestational age and neonatal outcome among women in preterm labor.to evaluate the relationships between gestational age, neonatal outcome, and amniotic fluid (af) bacteria, we obtained af from women with intact membranes in idiopathic preterm labor. positive cultures were obtained from 20 (19%) of 105 women. the frequency of positive cultures was inversely related to gestational age: 23-26 weeks, nine of 20; 27-30 weeks, four of 24; and 31-34 weeks, seven of 61 (chi2 for trend, p less than .001). fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides ureolyticus, and ureaplasma ...19921738513
fusobacterium nucleatum pyomyositis. 19921738725
osteomyelitis of the pelvis due to fusobacterium nucleatum.anaerobic pelvic osteomyelitis occurs rarely in children. a case of fusobacterium nucleatum osteomyelitis of the right ilium [correction of ileum] in a child without apparent risk factors is described. this case emphasizes the value of diagnostic aspirates. therapy with a combination of intravenous and oral clindamycin led to successful resolution of the infection.19911747843
the microflora of periodontal sites showing active destructive progression.20 adult periodontitis (ap) subjects were examined every 2 to 4 months and microbiological samples were collected and cultured when 2 mm or more loss of attachment (active sites) was detected by 2 examiners. similar sites in which no progressive destruction was observed (control sites) also were sampled in the same subjects. by lambda-analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in floras of active (42 sites from 12 subjects) and control (36 sites from 12 subjects) sites or betwee ...19911752997
fusobacterium necrophorum and lemierre's syndrome. 19911753131
comparison of two popular methods for removal and killing of bacteria from dentures.a study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of a soaking solution (efferdent extra-strength denture cleanser tablets) to mechanical cleaning with a denture paste (advanced formula dentu-creme denture cleaning paste) to remove and kill plaque bacteria from removable dentures. the study was conducted in a randomized, four-way crossover fashion with 18 subjects. at each clinic visit, subjects were randomized to one of four treatment regimens: 1) no treatment; 2) brushing with denture paste; 3) s ...19911760779
fluorescence immunoassay for detecting periodontal bacterial pathogens in plaque.a particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay has been modified into a bacterial concentration fluorescence immunoassay (bcfia) to rapidly detect periodontopathic bacteria in human plaque samples. the bcfia utilizes fluorescently tagged monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the lipopolysaccharide of selected gram-negative plaque bacteria. microorganisms closely associated with periodontal disease that can be identified in plaque with the bcfia include porphyromonas gingivalis, bacter ...19911761686
fusobacterium necrophorum sepsis in a six-year-old girl. 19911762614
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