| neonatal sepsis at the johns hopkins hospital, 1969-1975: bacterial isolates and clinical correlates. | the experience with neonatal sepsis at the johns hopkins hospital during 1969-1975 was reviewed. major pathogens included escherichia coli, group b streptococcus, other streptococci, and klebsiella. nineteen percent of coliform isolates were kanamycin-resistant. the frequency of recovery of e. coli was increased in early-onset sepsis, and the frequency of recovery of klebsiella was increased in late-onset sepsis. the mortality rate was 23%. the frequency of recovery of e. coli was increased in f ... | 1977 | 319288 |
| prosthetic valve endocarditis by opportunistic pathogens. | the incidence of endocarditis produced by the so-called "opportunists" as a complication of prosthetic valve surgery is progressively increasing in frequency and gradually transforming the clinical picture habitually associated with this disease. we report six cases of endocarditis produced by opportunistic microorganisms (two cases by candida, and the remaining by serratia, actinobacillus, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and bacteroides fragilis, and by corynebacterium diphtheriae) in four male an ... | 1977 | 319774 |
| chronic subphrenic abscess: the missed diagnosis. | this report of a case of chronic subphrenic abscess, with a brief review and recommendations for diagnosis and prevention, draws attention to this clinical entity as a potential cause of chronic ill health. the clinical presentation and laboratory findings in this case were unremarkable. it is clear that the condition can be easily missed and the patient may be exposed unnecessarily to prolonged illness and to inappropriate investigation and therapy. | 1977 | 321108 |
| repair, replication and survival in uv-irradiated escherichia coli. | the influence of dimer removal through excision or photoreactivation on the kinetics of dna synthesis, sedimentation profiles of dna molecules and survival of cells was investigated in excision-deficient and excision-proficient escherichia coli k-12 after a flux of 20 j m-2. in excision-deficient cells photoreactivation did not influence the kinetics of dna synthesis for a long period and the sedimentation properties of dna synthesized immediately after photoreactivation were influenced only sli ... | 1977 | 321311 |
| the germicidal effect of the open air in different parts of the netherlands. | using the microthread technique the survival of escherichia coli mre 162 in open air was measured in different parts of the netherlands. the presence of bactericidal compounds (open air factor = oaf) could be demonstrated on several days and quantitated in relative units of oaf concentration. in the absence of ozone the oaf concentration was always low. in the presence of ozone the oaf concentration was dependent on wind direction. at the selected microthread exposure sites air from areas with h ... | 1977 | 321676 |
| therapy for experimental intraabdominal sepsis: comparison of four cephalosporins with clindamycin plus gentamicin. | an experimental model of intraabdominal sepsis in rats was used for evaluation of treatment with four cephalosporins: cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, and cefamandole. doses were 115 mg of each of the cephalosporins/kg and, in additional experiments, 350 mg of cephalothin or cefazolin/kg. response to treatment was evaluated by mortality rate and the incidence of intraabdominal abscess. all four cephalosporins and gentamicin produced a similar reduction in mortality rates. there was a marked va ... | 1977 | 321707 |
| therapy for infections due to anaerobic bacteria: an overview. | several classes of antimicrobial agents (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin) are useful in treatment of infections due to anaerobic bacteria. however, certain anaerobic bacteria have shown a striking resistance to antimicrobial agents. in vitro susceptibility tests are useful for selection of optimal therapy. the choice of agent depends, to some extent, on the organisms responsible for the infection. bacteroides fragilis is the most commonly encoun ... | 1977 | 321708 |
| a double-blind comparison of clindamycin with penicillin plus chloramphenicol in treatment of septic abortion. | the responses to therapy with either clindamycin alone or penicillin plus chloramphenicol in 77 patients with septic abortions were compared in a randomized, double-blind study. although fever index and duration of hospitalization were similar for both groups of patients, significantly more patients in the group that received clindamycin developed major complications (p less than 0.05). this is believed to result from clindamycin's lack of activity against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. aggressi ... | 1977 | 321709 |
| [polymicrobial septicemia caused by strictly anaerobic bacteria]. | | 1977 | 322091 |
| bacteroides fragilis subspecies in clinical isolates. | isolates of bacteroides fragilis from 83 infected patients were collected during 2 years. of 103 isolates, 68% were subspecies fragilis. this was the single most common subspecies isolated from blood (12/17), intra-abdominal (11/28), wound (17/20), perirectal (11/16), pelvic (6/10), and other (8/11) sites. sixteen patients had b. fragilis isolated in pure culture. of these, 9/12 blood cultures and 4/4 cultures from other sites were ss. fragilis. the recent observation that ss. fragilis organisms ... | 1977 | 322563 |
| clinical evaluation of a simple, rapid procedure for the presumptive identification of anaerobic bacteria. | a simple, rapid procedure for the presumptive identification of anaerobic bacteria has been evaluated. two hundred and thirty-five clinical isolates were identified using gas-liquid chromatography and 3-ml volumes of a few selected test media. these test media were stored aerobically and incubated in gaspak anaerobic jars. the average incubation time was 39 h. this procedure, when compared to the results of our standard identification procedure, correctly identified 98% of the isolates to the ge ... | 1977 | 323283 |
| rapid identification of bacteroides fragilis with bile and antibiotic disks. | a simple screening test is described for separating bacteroides fragilis from other anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. the test utilizes filter paper disks impregnated with 25 mg of oxgall (difco), tested in conjunction with antibiotic identification disks. the bile disks and antibiotic disks are placed on a supplemented brucella blood agar plate which has been inoculated by swabbing with a standardized cell suspension. after 24 h at 35 degrees c in a gaspak jar, resistance to kanamycin and bile i ... | 1977 | 323285 |
| two new bioassay techniques for nitrofurans: bacteroides fragilis and rec-escherichia coli as indicator strains. | techniques for the microbiological assay of nitrofurans are described. in one the indicator strain is bacteroides fragilis; use of this system enables concentrations of nifuratel and furazolidone of down to 0.7 micrograms/ml to be estimated. the other system uses a recombination-deficient (reca-uvra-) mutant of escherichia coli; with this indicator, concentrations of 0.2 micrograms/ml, or less, of five nitrofurans can be assayed. | 1977 | 324721 |
| parallel study of two techniques for identification of gram negative anaerobic bacilli. | the authors have used two different methods for the identification of 45 strains of stric anaerobic gram negative rods: a study of biochemical characters by the api 20 anaerobic kit, and system proposed by sutter and finegold (susceptibility to discs loaded with antibiotics associated with some simple biochemical characters). a good correlation has been observed between those two techniques. however, a precise diagnostic can be given only by a whole study of biochemical characters, as proposed b ... | 1977 | 325953 |
| [growth of non-sporing anaerobes in an oxygen-free blood culture system (author's transl)]. | the efficacy of the commercially available vacutainer blood culture system to support the growth of non-sporing anaerobes was compared with two laboratory-prepared blood culture media (supplemented thioglycollate medium and brain heart infusion). the media were inoculated with 10, 100 and 1000 organisms of the species tested, and the number of colony-forming units was determined at intervals of 8-10 hrs. analogous experiments were performed with batches of the media to which 10% vol/vol of human ... | 1977 | 325956 |
| human biology council. | | 1977 | 326655 |
| isolation and identification of encapsulated strains of bacteroides fragilis. | one hundred three clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis were identified during a two-year period. most of these isolates were strains of b. fragilis subspecies fragilis, which constitutes a minor component of the fecal flora in comparison with the other subspecies of b. fragilis. by use of several techniques for demonstration of capsules, it was found that only b. fragilis strains classified as subspecies fragilis were encapsulated. an indirect immunofluorescence assay was developed for iden ... | 1977 | 328787 |
| comparison of killing of bacteria by guinea pig neutrophils and monocytes. | guinea pig polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn's; harvested from the blood and from peritoneal exudates) and monocytes (harvested from the peritoneal cavity with and without stimulation of an exudate) were compared in their capacities to kill three pyogenic bacteria. all combinations of phagocytes and bacteria required heat-labile opsonic factors. no significant differences in killing of the three organisms were observed between blood and peritoneal pmn's or between stimulated and unstimulated mo ... | 1977 | 328806 |
| repression of inducible enzyme synthesis in a mutant of escherichia coli k 12 deleted for the ptsh gene. | the genome of lambda phage with thermosensitive repressor was inserted into the pts region of the escherichia coli chromosome. this lysogenic culture possessed the pts1 phenotype at 30 degrees c. a mutant strain with a deletion covering the ptsh gene was isolated after a prophage curing procedure. the deletion nature of the pts mutation was confirmed in genetical and biochemical experiments. the deletion covered a small fragment of the bacterial genome not extending in the ptsi and lig genes. th ... | 1977 | 329116 |
| anaerobic and aerobic bacteriology in head and neck cancer surgery. | a prospective study of wound infections following major head and neck cancer surgery was undertaken to define a rational approach to trials of antibiotic prophylaxis and initial therapy of these infections. preoperative aerobic cultures were taken from the planned site of skin incision and from the oropharynx. both aerobic and anaerobic cultures were obtained from all wound infections. patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics were excluded from the study. the data indicate that preoperative c ... | 1977 | 329532 |
| bactericidal activity of the combinations of gentamicin with clindamycin or chloramphenicol against species of escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis. | the bactericidal activity of clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin alone and of gentamicin plus clindamycin and gentamicin plus chloramphenicol was studied on 8 strains of escherichia coli and 10 strains of bacteroides fragilis isolated from clinical material. gentamicin did not interfere with the activity of clindamycin or chloramphenicol against b. fragilis. the activity of gentamicin against e. coli was not influenced by clindamycin, but chloramphenicol suppressed the rapid bactericida ... | 1977 | 332070 |
| superoxide dismutase in bacteroides fragilis and related bacteroides species. | superoxide dismutase (sod) activity was demonstrated in cell-free extracts of bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides vulgatus, bacteroides distasonis, bacteroides ovatus, and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. the strains were grown under anaerobic conditions in trypticase soy broth, and the specific activity of sod in the extracts was, in most strains, higher than in cell-free extracts of escherichia coli b grown under anaerobic conditions. isoelectric focusing of the extracts in polyacrylamide gel demon ... | 1977 | 332713 |
| transfer of multiple antibiotic resistance from bacteroides fragilis to escherichia coli. | multiple antibiotic resistance was transferred from a clinical isolate of bacteroides fragilis to a strain of escherichia coli k12. resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalothin, tetracycline, minocycline, and chloramphenicol was transferred as a unit, but the resistance markers became segregated during storage of the recipient strains. | 1977 | 333042 |
| diagnosis of anaerobic infections by gas-liquid chromatography. | anaerobic bacteriology of clinical specimens is an expensive and time-consuming operation. in the present investigation it was shown that fatty acids produced by anaerobic bacteria may serve as bacterial markers in clinical material. ten specimens of pus were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and the results were compared with the bacteriological findings. good correlations were found for the recovery of bacteroides fragilis and the presence of isobutyric, butyric and succinic acids. it is c ... | 1977 | 333867 |
| properties of the ames salmonella mutants lodged in the gastrointestinal tract of gnotobiotic rats. | an association of the histidine auxotroph of salmonella typhimurium (strain ta1538) within the gastrointestinal tract of otherwise germ-free sprague-dawley rats is maintained during observations for up to 7 months. the bacteria exceed concentrations of 10(7)/g in the forestomach and exceed concentrations of 10(8)/g in the lower bowel and feces. when carcinogens are ingested, the number of revertants in the feces increases. the ingestion of structurally related compounds which are not mutagenic t ... | 1977 | 335870 |
| quantitative determination of the antibody response to the capsular polysaccharide of bacteroides fragilis in an animal model of intraabdominal abscess formation. | the humoral antibody response to the capsular polysaccharide of bacteroides fragilis was quantitated in an animal model of intraabdominal abscess formation using a sensitive quantitative radioactive antigen-binding assay. antibody detected by this technique correlated highly with antibody measured by quantitative precipitin analysis (r = 0.943). animals infected with encapsulated b. fragilis develop high levels of circulating serum antibody to the capsular polysaccharide. this antibody can be in ... | 1977 | 336801 |
| the diagnosis of anaerobic infections. | | 1977 | 338340 |
| effect of temperature on survival of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis and escherichia coli in pus. | approximately 40 to 60% of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis in pus from experimental intra-abdominal abscesses lost their viability within 24 h when stored at refrigeration temperature (4 degrees c) either aerobically or anaerobically. no viability loss of b. fragilis was noted when pus was stored at 25 degrees c. only slight loss of viaability of b. fragilis was observed at 15 degrees c. escherichia coli coexisting in pus with b. fragilis increased several 100fold in 24 h when stored at 25 ... | 1977 | 338625 |
| a reliable test for differentiation and presumptive identification of certain clinically significant anaerobes. | a modification of the slide catalase test was evaluated to determine its reliability for the presumptive identification of certain anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive organisms isolated from clinical specimens. a total of 650 fresh isolates was evaluated. growth from a trypticase blood agar plate or schaedler's agar with laked blood was transferred to a slide and a drop of 15% h2o2 with tween 80 added. veillonella alcalescens, proprionibacterium species, peptococcus species, and bacteroide ... | 1978 | 339709 |
| qualitative study of paradoxical zone phenomenon of penicillins against 17 bacterial species of clinical importance. | using a triple agar layer technique and enzymatic inactivation of penicillin, the occurrence of a paradoxical zone phenomenon (illustrated by a typical 'target' image around the reservoir of antibiotic) was determined for several bacterial species specially chosen with regards to their taxonomic position, clinical importance and penicillin susceptibility. among gram-positive bacteria, a paradoxical zone was obtained for approximately 43% of the strains studied here (all 10 strains of staphylococ ... | 1978 | 340171 |
| bacterial flora of the small bowel before and after bypass procedure for morbid obesity. | the contents of the proximal jejunum and distal ileum were cultured quantitatively in eight patients who were undergoing intestinal bypass procedure for obesity. five jejunal specimens were sterile, and three contained low counts of a predominantly aerobic flora. ileal contents yielded variable but usually higher counts than in the jejunum, and there were similar numbers of anaerobes and aerobes. in three patients in whom a bypass was established, contents of the functioning small bowel showed c ... | 1978 | 342634 |
| a rapid slide test for penicillinase. | the authors developed a rapid slide test modification of the iodometric method for detection of penicillinase produced by organisms growing on routine plating media. a loopful of colonies is scraped from the agar surface and emulsified in one drop of an iodine-penicillin solution on a glass slide. addition of a drop of 0.4% starch solution results in a purple color when penicillinase is not present; a colorless reaction denotes a positive test. the slide test yielded positive results identical t ... | 1978 | 345799 |
| hematogenous bacteroides fragilis and proteus mirabilis infection in a dog with lymphocytic lymphoma of the spleen. | | 1978 | 346544 |
| [bacteroides fragilis and its role in infections]. | | 1978 | 347417 |
| performance of converted pressure cookers and two conventional jars for anaerobic bacterial culture. | the simple conversion of commercial pressure cookers into inexpensive anaerobic jars is described. these containers were shown to be as good as the small conventional bbl polycarbonate gaspak and large vented 150 gas-replacement jars when assessed by means of three biological indicators: pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacteroides melaninogenicus, and bacteroides fragilis. ps. aeruginosa seeded on simmond's citrate agar was shown to be the most sensitive indicator of the three for traces of oxygen. | 1978 | 348726 |
| counts on viable bacteroides fragilis: a modification of the microdroplet technique. | a modification of sharpe's microdroplet counting technique is presented which permits viable counting of bacteroides fragilis. lysed horse blood was added to 0.1 soy digest agar droplets and 2% was found to be the optimal concentration which combined adequate intradroplet colony size with acceptable visibility on the counting screen of the colworth droplette machine. | 1978 | 349074 |
| differences between cephalothin and newer parenterally absorbed cephalosporins in vitro: a justification for separate disks. | the activities of cefamandole and cefoxitin in vitro were compared with that of cephalothin against staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli. cephalothin was the most active agent against staphylococci. cefamandole exhibited the greatest activity against the enterobacteriaceae, with the exceptions of serratia marcescens and indole-positive proteeae, against which cefoxitin was the most active antibiotic. the activity of newer cephalosporins that are resistant to the beta-lactamases of gram-negati ... | 1978 | 349096 |
| a comparative study of the activity of cefamandole and other cephalosporins and analysis of the beta-lactamase stability and synergy of cefamandole with aminoglycosides. | the antibacterial activity of cefamandole against 445 clinical isolates was investigated and compared with the activity of other known cephalosporins (cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephalexin, and cefazolin) and of two penicillins (ampicillin and carbenicillin). cefamandole was the most active antibiotic against isolates of citrobacter, enterobacter, and shigella, and its activity against staphylococcus aureus, bacteroides, and some members of the enterobacteriaceae was comparable to that of the o ... | 1978 | 349097 |
| management and microbiology of cutaneous abscesses. | cutaneous abscesses in the perineal region contain primarily anaerobes commonly found in stool. non-perineal abscesses contain mixed microflora indigenous to the skin. bacteroides fragilis, the only anaerobe resistant to penicillin, is found predominantly in the perineal area. staphylococcus aureus, although the most common aerobe found, is seen less frequently than expected and is almost always resistant to penicillin. escherichia coli and neisseria gonorrhoeae are rarely found. incision and dr ... | 1978 | 349218 |
| [microgallery for the identification of anaerobic bacteria]. | a microgallery for the identification of anaerobic bacteria (api 20a) was used with regard to 213 strictly anaerobic strains isolated between 1.12.74 and 30.11.75 in a hospital laboratory. furthermore, 75 strains of bacteroides fragilis isolated previously were added to this study. all the strains were identified by traditional methods. the results of tests performed with the microgallery alone permitted the species diagnosis in 72,2% of cases. performing simultaneously complementary tests (7 to ... | 1977 | 350098 |
| effect of nutrition on protein turnover in skeletal muscle. | | 1978 | 350634 |
| 3-hydroxypyruvate substitutes for pyridoxine in serc mutants of escherichia coli k-12. | escherichia coli k-12 mutants with serc genotype required pyridoxine and serine for normal growth, as do e. coli b mutants of this type. mutants of the k-12 strain, however, reverted easily to pyridoxine independence without regaining activity in the 3-phosphoserine oxoglutarate transaminase coded for by the serc gene. both these revertants and the parental type synthesized pyridoxine in normal amounts when 3-hydroxypyruvate was used as a supplement, although neither of these mutants could use t ... | 1978 | 350858 |
| microflora of the cervix during normal labor and the puerperium. | the normal flora of the cervix was studied in 50 healthy women in labor and on the third day postpartum. aerobic bacteria were the exclusvie isolates in 25% of these women, and 75% had anaerobic bacteria in addition to aerobes. anaerobes were always found in association with aerobes. the most frequent isolate of bacteroides was bacteroides melaninogenicus, found in 20% of the women during labor and 14% during the puerperium. bacteroides fragilis was distinctly absent during labor but was found i ... | 1978 | 351071 |
| effects of beta-endorphin on narcotic abstinence syndrome in man. | | 1978 | 351136 |
| use of a rapid fermentation test for indentification of anaerobic bacteria. | rapid fermentation tests of carbohydrates were performed on 84 strains of anaerobic bacteria, and the result is compared with a commercially available micromultitest, api. an overall correlation of 87% was achieved between the two systems. the rapid fermentation test is easy to perform, since it is done aerobically, and easy to read. this study shows that rft is useful in routine diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria, if it is used in combination with other relevant biochemical tests, morphologic exam ... | 1978 | 351363 |
| [study of anaphylectic hypersensitivity manifestations to blood protein in guinea pigs with using the neutrophil damage test in vitro]. | the paper is devoted to the study of hypersensitivity of anaphylactic type to horse serum in guinea pigs by means of neutrophil injury index in vitro. simultaneously, for control, the same method was applied to the study of delayed hypersensitivity manifestations; for this purpose allergy to hemolytic staphylococcus was reproduced in these animals. the state of hypersensitivity of "anaphylactic type" against the foreign serum in guinea pigs was not accompanied by any enhanced blood neutrophil re ... | 1978 | 352049 |
| [ribosomal dysentery vaccine. i. method of production, physical and chemical properties]. | studies of a. and g. youmans on the experimental tuberculosis led to discovery of a fundamentally new type of vaccines (ribosomal vaccines) which proved to be highly effective in the prophylaxis of many experimental infections. therefore it seems reasonable to prepare analogous vaccine from shigellae for the study of its efficiency in experimental shigellosis. ribosomal preparations from shigella sonnei were prepared by sonic disruption of microbial cells followed by differential ultracentrifuga ... | 1978 | 352058 |
| cytologic detection and clinical significance of actinomyces israelii in women using intrauterine contraceptive devices. | pancervicovaginal (papanicolaou) smears exhibiting pseudomycilial-like clumps of organisms obtained from 35 women employing iud's were studied by direct immunofluorescent technique for identification of a. israelii and a. naeslundi. in every case the specific fluorescence was achieved with species-specific antiserum against a. israelii. the clinical profile of these 35 women was retrospectively analyzed. | 1978 | 352150 |
| influenza immunization in lupus erythematosus: safe, effective? | | 1978 | 352215 |
| inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex from escherichia coli with mono- and bifunctional arsenoxides. | | 1978 | 352396 |
| active immunization of female rats with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh). | | 1978 | 352412 |
| the bacteriology of cavitating pulmonary infections and empysema. studies of transtracheal aspirates and pleural fluid. | a prospective study of bacteriology in 14 cases of cavitating pulmonary infections and empyema is reported. bacteriologic results were based on transtracheal aspirates or pleural fluid. appropriate anaerobic bacteriologic methods were employed. anaerobic bacteria were recovered in 11 patients (79%); they were the only pathogens isolated in 6 patients. the predominant species were fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides fragilis and peptostreptococcus. aerobic bacteria w ... | 1978 | 352421 |
| stress and hypertension: interrelations and management. | | 1978 | 352515 |
| [collective review: salmonella paratyphi in animals and in the environment]. | | 1978 | 352661 |
| metabolism of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]glucose and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]mannose in yeast and chick-embryo cells. | 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]glucose and 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]mannose have been prepared by tritiation of the corresponding unlabeled 2-fluoro sugars. the tritiated 2-fluoro sugars are phosphorylated and activated by utp and by gtp to yield udp-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]glucose, udp-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]mannose, gdp-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]glucose and gdp-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-[3h]mannose in both cell types. the nucleotide derivatives could also be labeled in the nucleotide moiety by feeding the cells wi ... | 1978 | 352691 |
| localization of luteinizing hormone (lh) and testosterone (t) or dihydrotestosterone (dht) in the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary by using ultra-cryomicrotomy and immunocytochemistry. | | 1978 | 352889 |
| nonspecific immunostimulant activities of synthetic trehalose-6,6'-diesters (lower homologs of cord factor). | mycobacterial cord factors (6,6'-diesters of trehalose with mycolic acids ranging from c80 to c90) have been shown to protect mice effectively against infection with klebsiella pneumoniae or with listeria monocytogenes. our present findings indicate that the low-molecular-weight cord factor of corynebacterium diphtheriae (with corynomycolic acids ranging from c28 pto c36) is equally active. moreover, its synthetic analog (with synthetic c32 mycolic acid) has the same activity. two lower syntheti ... | 1978 | 352926 |
| a review. lessons from an animal model of intra-abdominal sepsis. | intra-abdominal sepsis that involves multiple aerobic and anaerobic bacteria derived from the colonic flora was studied in wistar rats to determine the relative roles of various microbial species. the rats challenged with pooled colonic contents showed a biphasic disease. initially, there was acute peritonitis, escherichia coli bacteremia, and high mortality. in rats that survived this acute peritonitis stage, intra-abdominal abscesses developed, and anaerobic bacteria were the preponderant orga ... | 1978 | 354591 |
| influence of bowel preparation and antimicrobials on colonic microflora. | the influence of three types of preoperative mechanical bowel preparation on colonic microflora has been studied in 88 patients undergoing elective bowel resection and compared with 21 controls. neither conventional bowel preparation (cbp) using oral magnesium sulphate, enemas and rectal washouts nor whole bowel irrigation (wbi) via a nasogastric tube influenced the type or number of organisms in the colon at the time of operation. the administration of an elemental diet (ed) was associated with ... | 1978 | 354736 |
| antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid. | the antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid (af) obtained during the first (af1) and second (af2) trimesters was compared with the third (af3) against anaerobic bacteria, such as bacteroides fragilis ss. fragilis (6 strains), eubacterium lentum (3 strains), and peptostreptococcus anaerobius (4 strains). escherichia coli (5 strains) served as a positive control. af1 supported the growth of all 4 anaerobes (except b fragilis for 4 hours) for the entire 24-hour period tested. af2 supported the growt ... | 1978 | 355963 |
| newer cephalosporins and cephamycins--a review. | since the introduction of cephalothin and cephaloridine as the first parenteral cephalosporins and cephalexin as the first member of the group which is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, several new cephalosporin derivatives have been developed. most of these have no major advantages over cephalothin, cephaloridine or cephalexin. increased knowledge about the importance of beta-lactamases for bacterial resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics has focused interest on development of drugs ... | 1978 | 356183 |
| polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotaxis under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. | the motility of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils was studied in vitro under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. chemotactic factors were generated from plasma with immune complexes or with whole bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, and bacteroides fragilis). chemotaxis induced by chemotactic factors generated from immune complexes was identical under both conditions. however, chemotaxis utilizing chemotactic factors generated from bacteria was markedly depressed under anaerobic co ... | 1978 | 357284 |
| the use of intravenous cefoxitin sodium in patients with obstetric/gynaecologic infections. | | 1978 | 357395 |
| rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotactic factor generated in vivo by bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide. i. isolation and physico-chemical characterization. | by chromatographic separation on sephadex gels a peptide, termed the lipopolysaccharide-induced chemotactic factor (lps-cf), has been isolated from inflammatory exudate. the exudate was obtained from teflon chambers implanted subcutaneously in rabbits 3 h after lps from bacteroides fragilis ss. fragilis had been injected. three chemotactic peaks were eluted by fractionation of the exudate on sephadex g-200 columns; one major peak with molecular weight of approximately 16,000 and two minor peaks ... | 1978 | 358747 |
| pathogenesis of mucosal injury in the blind loop syndrome. | bacterial extracts were prepared from cultures originating in chronic self-filling intestinal blind loops in rats. their ability to remove active maltase molecules from isolated brush border membranes was studied in vitro. twelve strains in 51 tested, belonging to one of three species, bacteroides fragilis, clostridium perfringens, and streptococcus fecalis, possessed maltase-releasing activity. the ability to remove maltase correlated well with the ability to hydrolyze p-nitrophenyl-tert-butylo ... | 1978 | 359400 |
| [predominance of bacteroides of the fragilis group in the fecal flora under the influence of gentamycin and kanamycin]. | | 1978 | 360322 |
| antibody response in thirteen patients with bacteroides fragilis infections. | 13 patients with bacteroides fragilis infections were studied for antibody response against the infecting strain using indirect immunofluorescence (ifl), passive hemagglutination (ha) and tube agglutination (ta). with indirect ifl significant titre changes in igg were found in 12/13 cases, in iga in 8/13 and in igm in 4/13 cases. with passive ha significant titre changes were found in 11/13 cases and with ta in 6/11 cases. the rise in antibody titre was fast and persisted for a long time in most ... | 1978 | 362516 |
| bacteriologic culture results obtained before and after elective midtrimester urea abortion. | twenty patients undergoing elective midtrimester abortion by urea amnioinfusion had bacteriologic culture data obtained before and after the procedure. despite the presence of pathogens in the vagina and cervix prior to the procedure, only 20% of patients exhibited endometrial growth following abortion. factors that seem to favor such endometrial growth include increased injection-abortion intervals and the requirement for curettage to manage incomplete abortion. | 1978 | 363343 |
| the quantitative and histological demonstration of pathogenic synergy between escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis in guinea-pig wounds. | known numbers of standard strains of escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis were inoculated together into surgical incision in guinea-pigs. histological and quantitative bacteriological proof is presented that pathogenic synergy occurred in vivo with copious pus formation when combinations of subinfective doses of each organism were inoculated. a further series of experiments showed that the amounts and ratios of e. coli and b. fragilis in the septic inocula were critical, and that the result ... | 1978 | 364068 |
| [susceptibility testing of anaerobes (author's transl)]. | the methodology of susceptibility testing of anaerobes has not yet been standardized and many individual test methods are in use. among the factors which may influence the outcome of susceptibility tests are test organisms, antimicrobials and methods of susceptibility testing. comparative studies have shown that the density of the inoculum largely influences the mics of sulphonamides and certain other antimicrobials. in testing susceptibility of anaerobes to doxycycline, the mics determined by a ... | 1978 | 365718 |
| ribosomal proteins l7/l12 localized at a single region of the large subunit by immune electron microscopy. | | 1978 | 368343 |
| characterization of a polyvalent conjugate of bacterroides fragilis by fluorescent antibody staining. | a polyvalent conjugate (fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled antibody reagent) prepared for bacteroides fragilis contained conjugates prepared against three strains of b. fragilis. this conjugate stained 93% of the 111 b. fragilis test strains; the other 7% of b. fragilis stained at certain times but not others. the conjugate was specific for b. fragilis, 91 strains of anaerobes other than b. fragilis and aerobes failed to give a positive fluorescence. the advantage of this conjugate is that it pr ... | 1979 | 369356 |
| influence of inflammatory bowel disease on intestinal microflora. | the microflora of the jejunum, ileum, and colon has been studied from operative samples in crohn's disease (n = 30), ulcerative colitis (n = 15), and controls (n = 40). there was no significant difference in the flora of patients with ulcerative colitis compared with controls. in crohn's disease there was a significant increase in e. coli (p less than 0.001) and b. fragilis (p less than 0.001) in the ileum and of e. coli (p less than 0.001) and lactobacilli (p less than 0.01) in the colon. the a ... | 1978 | 369959 |
| effects of storage in an anaerobic transport system on bacteria in known polymicrobial mixtures and in clinical specimens. | an anaerobic transport system (ats) which provides for catalytic removal of oxygen was evaluated by using in vitro-prepared polymicrobial mixtures of logphase bacteria and clinical specimens. inoculated swabs were stored at room temperature in (i) aerobic, (ii) anaerobic glove box, and (iii) ats environments, and bacteria were quantitated after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. bacteria in a three-part mixture of bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and escherichia coli and in a five-part mix ... | 1978 | 370142 |
| evaluation of a routine anaerobic subculture of blood cultures for detection of anaerobic bacteremia. | the value of a routine 48-h anaerobic subculture of blood cultures was assessed in our laboratory over a 4-month period. excluding presumed contaminants, anaerobes represented 51 (6.9%) of the total number of 734 positive cultures. sixteen isolates (all bacteroides) from six patients were detected by the anaerobic subculture. all but one of these were also detected macroscopically. excluding the one isolate, the routine anaerobic subculture hastened the identification of anaerobic organisms by o ... | 1978 | 370151 |
| septicemia in children with cancer. | because of the persistently high mortality from sepsis in cancer patients, a retrospective study was designed to identify the causative organisms and to determine the factors affecting the outcome of sepsis. a total of 84 episodes of septicemia in 61 children with cancer were studied. the more frequently isolated organisms were: staphylococcus aureus (21.4%); escherichia coli (18%); klebsiella (7.1%); pseudomonas (6%); and bacteroides fragilis (6%). other isolates included proteus, serratia, aci ... | 1979 | 371000 |
| endotoxin in germfree, gnotobiotic, or conventional-flora sprague-dawley rats. | the limulus assay for bacterial endotoxin was performed on serum and (or) plasma from animals monoassociated with clostridium species, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, enterobacter agglomerans, bacteroides fragilis, klebsiella pneumoniae, or candida albicans. plasma from animals monoassociated with the gram-negative bacteria or c. albicans consistently showed a positive limulus test while conventional-flora controls, germfree rats, and gnotobiotic animals monoassociate ... | 1978 | 371771 |
| intravenous metronidazole therapy for bacteroides fragilis meningitis. | a 69-year-old man developed meningitis due to bacteroides fragilis and streptococcus mg-intermedius, which progressed during chloramphenicol and nafcillin therapy to the extent that he seemed near death, with frank pus covering the spinal cord at surgery. treatment with intravenous metronidazole and penicillin g was curative. after multiple trauma, a 20-year-old man developed meningitis due to escherichia coli and b fragilis. he failed to respond to chloramphenicol alone, but responded to combin ... | 1979 | 373128 |
| the anti-endotoxin activity of taurolin in experimental animals. | | 1979 | 374333 |
| protein and ribonucleic acid syntheses in heat-damaged and heat-killed escherichia coli. | protein and ribonucleic acid (rna) syntheses were measured in both lethally injured and thermally damaged viable cells after heating at lethal temperatures. immediately after heating, cells were incubated in growth media containing either [14c]leucine or [3h]uracil. the labeled cells were subsequently treated with penicillin. viable cells were shown to lyse, and the intact nonviable cells were collected by centrifugation. the results showed that after heating, protein and rna synthesis were rein ... | 1979 | 374390 |
| incorporation of n-acetylglucosamine into the core region of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide of escherichia coli. | | 1979 | 374407 |
| fluorescent vi antibody test in the screening of typhoid carriers. | the comparative efficacies of direct bacterial agglutination and immunofluorescent antibody for the estimation of serum vi antibody were determined in the detection of typhoid carriers. sera from all 12 typhoid carriers gave significant titers of 1/10 or more in the direct bacterial agglutination test; however, 26 of 119 (21.8%) sera from culture-negative individuals were also falsely positive. in the fluorescent vi antibody test, 11 of 12 typhoid carriers showed significant serum antibody level ... | 1979 | 377949 |
| clinical and experimental evaluation of cefoxitin therapy. | 30 patients were treated with i.v. cefoxitin (4-8 g/day), of which 20 had documented infections which included endocarditis (5), lung abscess (4), empyema (4), liver and subhepatic abscess (3), osteomyelitis (3), and pancreatic abscess (1). 14 patients had infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and 5 had endocarditis due to aerobic organisms. all but 2 patients with osteomyelitis of the mandible were cured. adverse reactions were noted in 7 patients, mostly due to drug fever and leukocytosis; o ... | 1979 | 378578 |
| anaerobic infection of the liver and biliary tract in experimental common duct occlusion. | the pathogenicity of single anaerobic, single aerobic, and mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacterial inocula was studied in 3 groups of 12 rabbits with biliary tract obstruction. b. fragilis, ss. fragilis and e. coli serotype 01:k1:h7 were used. the investigation was made 7 days after bacterial inoculation and included bacteriological studies of the liver and bile as well as studies of liver function and morphology of the liver and biliary tract. inoculation of 10(5)--10(6) e. coli did not cause bil ... | 1979 | 379988 |
| acute appendicitis and bacteroides fragilis. | bacteria belonging to the bacteroides fragilis group (b. fragilis, b. ovatus, b. vulgatus, b. distasonis, b. thetaiotaomicron and b. uniformis) were cultured in quantities of less than or equal to 10(5) c.f.u./ml from the excised appendix from 30 patients. twenty-two patients (group i) had an acute purulent appendicitis (three with perforation), four were classified as slightly inflamed cases (group 2) and four had a normal appendix (group 3). the b. fragilis group of bacteria dominated among th ... | 1979 | 379991 |
| [experimental application of calcium phosphate granulate for the substitution of conventional bone transplants (author's transl)]. | autologous spongiosa, a calcium phosphate ceramic and kiel bone chips were implanted in the tibiae of dogs and compared with respect to tissue compatibility and osteogenetic effect. after the ceramic implants and the autologous spongiosa had been left in the tibial fat marrow for six weeks, bone tissue and bone marrow had formed to the same extent around both materials. their stimulating effect on osteogenesis was comparable. in contrast to the ceramic material, together with which they had been ... | 1979 | 380203 |
| the william allan memorial award address: on phosphate transport and genetic screening. "understanding backward--living forward" in human genetics. | | 1979 | 380328 |
| cefamandole therapy in anaerobic infections. | thirty-one adult patients with infections due to anaerobic bacteria were treated with cefamandole. bacteroides fragilis group (17) and bacteroides melaninogenicus (13) were the most frequent anaerobes isolated. duration of therapy varied from 2 to 49 days. results were judged satisfactory in 26 cases, and unsatisfactory in 1 case. four cases could not be evaluated. adverse reactions occurred in 16 patients and included positive direct coombs' test without hemolysis, transient liver function abno ... | 1979 | 380458 |
| clindamycin in treatment of aspiration pneumonia in children. | twenty-eight patients with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections were treated with clindamycin alone or clindamycin with gentamicin. sixteen of the patients presented with pneumonitis, nine with necrotizing pneumonia, and three with lung abscesses. the average length of treatment was 13.8 days, and the duration of temperature after initiation of therapy was 3.1 days. the predominant isolates were anaerobic gram-positive cocci (23 isolates), bacteroides melaninogenicus (14), bacteroides fragilis ( ... | 1979 | 380459 |
| phenylalanyl-trna synthetase induced conformational change of escherichia coli trna phe. | | 1979 | 383142 |
| an inducible proline transport system in candida albicans. | 1. when candida albicans cells were preincubated with proline or grown in the presence of proline as the sole nitrogen source they exhibited a rapid increase in the influx of proline (the inducible transport system). 2. the induction appeared to be specific for proline and also demonstrated in other candida species. 3. both the inducible and constitutive proline uptake systems exhibited similar characteristic features. 4. the nature of the inducer for proline uptake in c. albicans appeared to be ... | 1979 | 383150 |
| cyclacillin: in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | cyclacillin at 50 microgram/ml inhibited streptococci (100%), shigella (72%), and bacteroides (b) fragilis ss fragilis (84%). at 100 microgram/ml it inhibited proteus (75%), b. fragilis (86%), and e. coli (50%). cyclacillin was more effective than ampicillin against beta-lactamase-producing h. influenzae. the activity of cyclacillin was found to be more enhanced when tested in nutrient agar and mueller-hinton agar than in brain heart infusion agar. | 1979 | 383419 |
| use of an immunoperoxidase method for identification of bacteroides fragilis. | an indirect immunoperoxidase (ip) slide test was evaluated for the laboratory identification of bacteroides fragilis. antigen-antibody complexes were detected with goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin g-peroxidase conjugate with 3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole as the peroxidase substrate. ninety-one percent of 44 b. fragilis strains tested were ip positive (3+ to 4+ reactions) with greater than or equal to 1:160 dilutions of rabbit antiserum produced against whole cells of b. fragilis atcc 23745. the antis ... | 1979 | 385616 |
| practical technique for quantitating anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. | quantitative bacteriology has considerable influence on the care and management of surgical wounds. heretofore, these techniques have been limited to measurements of aerobic bacteria. a technique is reported herein which permits quantitation of obligately anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. this technique is easily reproduced in any clinical laboratory and eliminates the need for expensive anaerobic chambers. | 1979 | 385618 |
| identification and separation of thy-1 positive mouse spleen cells active in natural cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. | the expression of the thy-1 antigen on mouse spleen cells responsible for nk activity and adcc was investigated by using a monoclonal igm anti-thy-1.2 antibody. both c-mediated cytotoxicity and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter were used to fractionate cells. the effector cells were found to be heterogeneous in their expression of thy-1. effector cells from nude balb/c mice were predominantly thy-1 positive; some of the nk cells in cba spleens appeared to be thy-1 positive, but at least one ... | 1979 | 387876 |
| human cell membrane components dominant in t cell lineage: identification and characterization of human tl-like antigens. | cell membrane components that contain beta 2-microglobulin were purified from cells of a human t cell-type leukemia cell line, hpb-all. they contained membrane components that have the same molecular size and the same subunit structure as hla(a,b,c) antigens but are separable from the typical beta 2-microglobulin-containing cell membrane components, i.e., the hla (a,b,c) antigens, by xenoantibody reagents. a sensitive radioimmunoassay was constructed for detection of the t cell membrane componen ... | 1979 | 387877 |
| anaerobes in biliary tract infection. | | 1979 | 391170 |
| clinical characteristics of anaerobic bactibilia. | during a two-year period, 1,892 patients underwent biliary tract surgery at the mayo clinic. both aerobic and anaerobic bile cultures were performed in 371 patients and 253 of these were positive. anaerobes were isolated from 100 patients, although only twice in pure culture. only aerobes grew from cultures from 153 patients. one hundred cases of biliary tract infections involving anaerobes and an equal number involving aerobes only were reviewed in order to determine their clinical characterist ... | 1979 | 391171 |
| a modified tube method for the cultivation and enumeration of anaerobic bacteria. | a new type of tube (the lee tube) has been developed for use in the cultivation and enumeration of obligate anaerobes. the lee tube is a double-walled, screw-capped tube which allows the formation of a thin cylinder of agar medium between the two walls. anaerobiosis is achieved through deoxygenation of the deep cylinder of agar during sterilization, a minimum of head space, and use of a reducing agent to absorb oxygen introduced during the inoculation procedure. for several species of clostridiu ... | 1979 | 396020 |
| detection of specific igg antibody in sera from patients infected with bacteroides fragilis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | during a period of 13 months, 28 serious infections caused by bacteroides were seen in 27 patients. sixteen patients yielded bacteroides fragilis; sera from 13 (81%) of these 16 had increased levels of igg specific for b. fragilis lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). sera from 20 normal controls did not have increased specific igg. sera from 22 of 23 patients with bacteremia caused by other gram-negative rods also failed to yield increased levels of spe ... | 1979 | 396340 |