| identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of 250 bacteriodes fragilis subspecies tested by broth microdilution methods. | broth dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests and biochemical identification of bacteroides fragilis subspecies were performed by micromethods, yielding results within 48 to 72 h of isolation. the subspecies had similar minimal inhibitory concentration end points. | 1976 | 1046357 |
| the microdilution antibiotic susceptibility test. bacteroides fragilis. | a micro broth-dilution method was developed for the antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteroides frgilis. eighty strains of b. fragilis were tested against six antibiotics using the agar dilution test as the reference method. the microdilution test yielded results in 24 hours, and agreement with the reference test was satisfactory. certain subspecies-specific patterns of antibiotic susceptibility were observed. however, larger numbers of subspecies should be evaluated before subspeciation of ... | 1976 | 1047602 |
| the effect of main artery occlusion of one kidney on blood pressure of dogs. | occluding the main artery of one kidney in each of six dogs resulted in an average increase in the renin concentration of the peripheral blood from the original 0.040 to 0.198 milliunit/ml of serum. during the same time (3-4 days), the occlusion also resulted in a significant rise of directly measured mean systemic blood pressure from an average basal level of 104 to 139 mm hg. | 1976 | 1064043 |
| electrophoretic mobility of oral streptococci. | | 1976 | 1068652 |
| new approach to caloric stimulation of the vestibular receptor. | a new caloric testing method is described. during continuous aural irrigation, fluid is switched between hot and cold values at times computed according to a mathematical model of heat conduction in the labyrinth area. as a result, the induced temperature difference across the lateral semicircular canal describes an approximately sinusoidal time course, reaching peak values of equal magnitude but opposite sign. the magnitude of the caloric stimulus may be selected by choosing appropriate irrigat ... | 1975 | 1081359 |
| pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis. | a case of xanthelasmoidea (pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis) occurring in a 50-year-old iranian man is described. the patient had a large upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. | 1975 | 1081401 |
| in vitro interaction of bacteroides fragilis with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and serum factors. | the sera and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) of healthy human subjects were tested against several isolates of bacteroides fragilis. all sera killed most of the fecal isolates, but were active aganist only one of the clinical isolates. the degree of killing was directly related to the serum concentration but was independent of the bacterial inoculum within the range of bacterial concentrations studied. the serum bactericidal activity was heat-labile. engulfment and killing of b. fragilis by ... | 1975 | 1089602 |
| erythrocyte polyagglutination showing properties of both t and tk, probably induced by bacteroides fragilis infection. | a new type of polyagglutination is described in which the t and tk receptors are both exposed on the erythrocyte membrane. it is suggested that there may be an association between this type of polyagglutination and infection by bacteroides fragilis. | 1975 | 1092064 |
| wound infections due to bacteroides fragilis following intestinal surgery. | ninety-six wound infections due to bacteroides fragilis occurring after intestinal surgery are described. most infections followed appendicectomy or colectomy for diverticulitis. b. fragilis was isolated in pure growth from 47 per cent of infections, and in mixed culture the other common bacteria were klebsiella spp., escherichia coli and enterobacter spp. fifty-three per cent of the infections responded rapidly to either non-specific measures or antibiotic therapy, but 47 per cent of patients d ... | 1975 | 1095111 |
| comparative in vitro acitvity of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol on common aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli(salmonella and shigella excluded). | the antibacterial activity of thiamphenicol was compared to that of chloramphenicol against 313 strains of gram-negative bacilli isolated from various clinical specimens. these two antiboitics were equally active against the 106 isolates of haemophilus mic equals 0.1 minus 1.56 mu g/ml) and against 40 strains of bacteroides fragilis (almost all strains being inhibited by 12.5 mug/ml of the two drugs). in contrast, when compared with chloramphenicol, 2-16 times as much of thiamphenicol was requir ... | 1975 | 1097209 |
| treatment with metronidazole of three patients with serious infections due to bacteroides fragilis. | | 1975 | 1100592 |
| isolation of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid from two strains of bacteroides. | two clinical isolates of bacteroides contained covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) as shown by sedimentation in an alkaline sucrose gradient, cscl ethidium bromide equilibrium centrifugation, and electron microscopy. bacteriodes fragilis n1175 contained a homogeneous species of plasmid dna with a molecular weight of 25 x 10(6). bacteroides ochraceus 2228 contained two distinct, covalently closed circular dna elements. the larger cosedimented with the covalently closed circular ... | 1975 | 1100611 |
| arthritis associated with intestinal-bypass procedure for morbid obesity. complement activation and characterization of circulating cryoproteins. | five patients were studied after intestinal-bypass operations for morbid obesity to determine if the arthritis observed in three of these patients was associated with circulating cryoproteins. only serum from the three patients with acute arthritis contained cryoprotein complexes. the complexes comprised igg, igm, iga, complement components c3, c4, c5 and igg antibody against escherichia coli and bacillus fragilis. the c3-activator fragment of the properdin complex was identified in fresh serum ... | 1976 | 1105187 |
| significance of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the urinary tract. ii. experimental studies. | an attempt to cause retrograde urinary tract infection with bacteroides fragilis (a strain subcultured in artificial media) failed to produce any significant renal infection in rats. intravenous inoculation with fusobacterium (a strain subcultured in artificial media) also did not cause demonstrable renal infection in rats. nor could the anaerobic organism be demonstrated in the kidneys of these animals. animals receiving bacteroides (a strain subcultured in artificial media) inoculated directly ... | 1976 | 1107257 |
| a simple method for rapid isolation and identification of bacteroides fragilis. | | 1975 | 1108844 |
| bacteriophage-associated spherical bodies in bacteroides fragilis. | unique spherical bodies with multilayered walls were observed by electron microscopy in cells of a single strain of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis. phage-like particles were present in the same cells, both free in the cytoplasm and within the spheres. the proportion of cells containing the phage-associated spherical structures ranged from less than 0.01% to about 7% depending on the culture conditions. phage particles of morphological type b and spherical bodies were also found free in the ... | 1975 | 1117488 |
| bacteroides: a cause of residual abscess? | bacteroides fragilis as a cause of residual abscess has not been previously demonstrated. this clinical and bacteriologic study of 54 consecutive cases of appendectomy in children suggests that if b. fragilis is found in the peritoneal fluid at the time of operation there is a strong possibility of residual abscess development. special collection and culture methods are necessary to obtain positive cultures of this strictly anaerobic organism. | 1975 | 1123703 |
| effects of time and growth media on short-chain fatty acid production by bacteroides fragilis. | gas-liquid chromatography was used to monitor the evolution of short chain fatty acids by bacteroides fragilis in five media. acetic and succinic acids, the prominent end products encountered, were readily detected within 24 h. propionic, isobutyric, isovaleric, and lactic acids were usually recorded in more limited quantities. maximum rates of bacterial multiplication, glucose catabolism, and end-production coincided with the first 24 h in carbohydrate-supplemented media. extended incubation (6 ... | 1975 | 1124920 |
| tryptophanase of fecal flora as a possible factor in the etiology of colon cancer. | twenty-three strains of intestinal anaerobes obtained from two laboratories were examined for indole production from tryptophan. among the 23 isolates tested, three of bacteroides fragilis thetaiotaomicron and one citrobacter sp. were indole positive. the tryptophanase of the indole-positive strains of intestinal anaerobes was inducible by tryptophan and was susceptible to glucose repression. the products of tryptophanase activity were formed in stoichiometric amounts by dialyzed, freshly prepar ... | 1975 | 1127736 |
| [letter: value of metronidazole in septicemia caused by bacteroides fragilis. 2 cases]. | | 1975 | 1129130 |
| the minimum effective amount of uncouplers for rat liver mitochondria. | | 1975 | 1132494 |
| comparative susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline. | the comparative susceptibility of 622 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline was determined by an agar-dilution technique. in addition to bacteroides fragilis, a variety of other anaerobic bacteria was resistant to achievable blood concentrations of tetracycline (55% inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml) and doxycycline (58% inhibited by 2.5 mug/ml). in contrast, minocycline was significantly more active (p < 0.05) than both doxycycline and tetracycline, ... | 1975 | 1137358 |
| susceptibility of anaerobes to cefoxitin and other cephalosporins. | the in vitro susceptibility of 155 strains of anaerobic bacteria to five cephalosporin antibiotics was tested. cefoxitin was the most active against 33 isolates of bacteroides fragilis; 82% of the strains were sensitive at 16 mug/ml. at 64 mug/ml cefazolin and cephaloridine were also generally effective. cephalothin and cephalexin were relatively inactive versus b. fragilis. cefoxitin, cephaloridine, cefazolin, and cephalothin showed comparable activity against 122 strains of anaerobes other tha ... | 1975 | 1137364 |
| [a bacteriological investigation of norwegian cod liver oil (author's transl)]. | samples of medicinal cod liver oil collected from four of the main producers in norway have been investigated for content of microorganism. viable counts for bacteria and fungi were found to be low. no coliform bacteria, coagulase positive staphylococcus or pseudomonas could be detected. the findings suggest that the main part of the flora found in cod liver oil belongs to the family micrococcaceae. several of the isolated colonies showed lipolytic activity. | 1975 | 1144018 |
| bacteroides fragilis septicaemia and meningitis in early infancy. | a case of recurrent bacteroides fragilis septicaemia leading eventually to meningitis in a 6-week-old infant is reported. perforation of the small bowel at the constriction ring of a strangulated inguinal hernia caused a faecal peritonitis and was the primary source of infection. erythromycin, to which the isolate was fully sensitive in vitro, was only temporarily an effective treatment; the infection was finally eradicated with chloramphenicol, and the baby made a full recovery. bacteroides inf ... | 1975 | 1147659 |
| the nursing and suckling behaviour of pigs. iii. behaviour when milk ejection is elicited by manual stimulation of the udder. | | 1975 | 1148807 |
| evidence for cytochrome involvement in fumarate reduction and adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis by bacteroides fragilis grown in the presence of hemin. | growth of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis on glucose was very much stimulated by the addition of hemin (2 mg/liter) to the medium. the generation time decreased from 8 to 2 h, and the molar growth yield increased from ym = 17.9 to ym = 47 g (dry weight) of cells per mol of glucose. in the absence of hemin, glucose was fermented to fumarate, lactate, and acetate. the cells did not contain detectable amounts of cytochromes or fumarate reductase. in the presence of hemin, the major products of ... | 1975 | 1150622 |
| [effect of an oxygen-vitamin complex on general and immunological reactivity of irradiated animals]. | | 1975 | 1153721 |
| arrested development of ostertagia ostertagi and cooperia oncophora. effect of temperature at the free-living third stage. | | 1975 | 1168660 |
| agarose beads as matrices for proteins in cytophotometric investigations of immunohistoperoxidase procedures;. | quantitative aspects of direct immunohistoperoxidase procedures were studied in a model system consisting of agarose beads to which antigens or antibodies had been coupled. it could be proven that the final amount of reaction product resulting from the histoperoxidase reaction with 3,3-diaminobenzidine-tetra hcl in a bead was linearly related to the volume of the beads and to the staining time. this implies that protein-coupled agarose beads are a suitable model for the study of stoichiometric a ... | 1975 | 1168666 |
| characterization of two steroidal ketones and two isoprenoid alcohols in dairy products. | two steroidal ketones, delta-4-cholesten-3-one and delta-3,-5-cholestadiene-7-one, were isolated and identified for the first time in anhydrous milk fat and in nonfat dry milk. together with these, two isoprenoid alcohols, phytol and dihydrophytol, were identified in anhydrous milk fat. their identities were established on the basis of chromatographic and mass spectral data and confirmed by comparison with authentic materials. | 1975 | 1168685 |
| factors influencing the survival of rat brain tumor cells after in vitro treatment with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. | the shape of dose-response curves obtained for asynchronous, exponentially growing 9l rat brain tumor cells treated in vitro with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea changed as a function of the drug exposure time. for short treatment times (less than 1 hr), the dose-response curves had shoulders, indicating that the cells may accumulate sublethal damage; however, after longer treatments (greater than 1 hr), little if any shoulder was apparent. the slope of the exponential portion of the dose-r ... | 1975 | 1169107 |
| letter: brain abscess. | | 1975 | 1174915 |
| pre-operative disinfection of the vagina. | | 1975 | 1176373 |
| [bacteroides and appendicitis (author's transl)]. | bacteroides fragilis is frequently recovered from cases of appendicitis with perforation and from infections developing secondary to appendicitis. in order to assess the part played by b. fragilis in the aetiology of appendicitis, quantitative aerobic and anaerobic culture studies of the contents of 49 inflammated appendices were performed. anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods were cultivated from 43 appendices in the range 10(3)-10(9)/g. a total of 1,473 isolates was differentiated by bioch ... | 1975 | 1178229 |
| some clinical, immunological and bacteriological observations in a case of pyogenic arthritis due to bacteroides fragilis. | a case of recurrent pyogenic arthritis in a knee joint and abscess formation of the lower limb is described. the infection occurred in a 70-year-old male patient treated with steroids for rheumatoid arthritis. a strain of bacteroides fragilis was repeatedly isolated both from the knee joint and the abscess. the isolated strain was used as antigen in tube agglutination tests and significant titre changes were observed during the course of the disease. the isolated strain was initially sensitive t ... | 1975 | 1179177 |
| [susceptibility to tetracycline and doxycycline of 80 strains of bacteroides fragilis, b, thetaiotaomicron, and b. vulgatus mostly isolated in 1973/74 (author's transl)]. | recent studies by several authors suggested that bacteroides fragilis and related species are becoming more resistant to tetracyclines. therefore, the minimal inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and doxycycline were determined by broth dilution tests for a total of 80 bacteroides strains (56 b. fragilis, 15 b. thetaiotaomicron, 9 b. vulgatus), 70 of which had been isolated from clinical specimens during 1973/74. using initial concentrations of 1 x 10(8) organisms per mo of thioglycolate br ... | 1975 | 1179870 |
| comparison of cefoxitin and cephalothin therapy of a mixed bacteroides fragilis and fusobacterius necrophorum infection in mice. | cefoxitin, a beta-lactamase-resistant cephalosporin, was found to be more effective than cephalothin against an experimental mixed infection containing bacteroides fragilis and fusobacterium necrophorum. | 1975 | 1180547 |
| [intravital microscopy and post mortem histology of burn shock in rabbits (author's transl)]. | this paper describes results of intravital microscopic observations of the mesenteric blood and lymph vessels of the rabbit. 20% of the surface of the skin of these rabbits were burned. immediately after producing the shock, general unspecific symptoms were seen: decrease of circulatory flow, aggregates of erythrocytes. specific alterations consisted in leukocyte sticking, platelet aggregation, hemolysis and stasis. vascular spasm and hemorrhage were conspicuously absent. these microcirculatory ... | 1975 | 1180811 |
| valine, malic, and pyruvic dehydrogenase tests in the differentiation of bacteroides. | fifteen isolates of bacteroides were tested for their ability to dehydrogenate a variety of amino acids and organic acids. a simple and rapid method was developed for detecting dehydrogenase activity using 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride as a hydrogen acceptor and indicator. the results indicate that the tests for valine, malic, and pyruvic acid dehydrogenases have value in differentiating organisms in this genus. | 1975 | 1182613 |
| the reduction of n-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl by the intestinal microflora of the rat. | the role of the intestinal flora in the conversion of n-hydroxy-4-acetyl-aminobiphenyl (n-oh-aabp) to 4-acetylaminobiphenyl has been examined. this reaction, which reverses the metabolic activation of the parent carcinogen, can be demonstrated in cultures of some bacteria indigenous to the intestinal microflora. these include cultures of clostridium sp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus productus i, and bacteroides fragilis ss. thetaiotaomicron and ss. vulgatus. in contrast, cultures ... | 1975 | 1182690 |
| [ability of female ixodid ticks to recover from poisoning with ddt in the process of feeding]. | ability of hungary females of ixodes persulcatus, haemaphysalis concinna and dermacentor silvarum to feed and lay eggs after having been exposed to different ddt doses (ld100) has been studied. the ticks heavily injuried but still mobile can feed on the host and lay eggs, i.e. to overcome the poisoning. clutches laid by these females do not differ from control ones. loss of mobility deprives the ticks of the ability to fed. an increase in ddt dose (ld100 x 100, experiment with i. persulcatus) do ... | 1975 | 1187171 |
| new drug evaluation using exercise-induced bronchospasm. | exercise-induced asthma was used to demonstrate that a xanthone, a new orally active cromolyn-like drug, has significant activity in man. the effect of a single oral dose of 8 mg/kg was studied in a double-blind corss-over fashion at two and five hours after administration, with significant inhibition of post-exercise bronchospasm being seen at five hours. further study seems indicated to determine optimal dosage and clinical effectiveness. | 1975 | 1187285 |
| susceptibility of the liver and biliary tract to anaerobic infection in extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction. bacteriological investigations - an experimental study in rabbits. | the influence of common duct occlusion on susceptibility to infection with anaerobic gram-negative rods was investigated in rabbits. intravenous inoculation was performed with three b. fragilis strains isolated from human infections and with a stock culture of fusobacterium mortiferum. liver tissue, gallbladder, bile, and blood were investigated. anaerobic culture procedures were based on the use of a 'glove-box' with an oxygen-free atmosphere and pre-reduced, anaerobically sterilized media. ana ... | 1975 | 1188311 |
| management of anaerobic infections. | anaerobic infections are reviewed with emphasis on management. most anaerobic pulmonary infections respond to penicillin g, even when bacteroides fragilis (penicillin-resistant) is present. clindamycin is suitable in penicillin-sensitive patients. intraabdominal infections have a complex flora usually involving anaerobes, especially b. fragilis. it is desirable to use antimicrobial therapy to cover potential pathogens of all types. surgical drainage and debridement are extremely important consid ... | 1975 | 1190633 |
| simplified method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria. | a simple, abbreviated broth dilution test (tube test) utilizing a commercially available medium and inexpensive disposable materials, and which could be performed entirely in room air, was developed and used to test the susceptibility of 100 strains of anaerobic bacteria to clindamycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and tetracycline. results are reported in categories of susceptibility: susceptible to concentrations surpassed in vivo with usual dosage, susceptible to concentrations surpassed in v ... | 1975 | 1190751 |
| [non-propagated potentials in the electromyogram of mammalian ocular muscles]. | electromyograms of mammalian extraocular muscles were recorded by means of a coaxial electrode. besides normal extracellular spike potentials (1-2 msec duration), monophasic waves (with a decline lasting up to 7 msec) were recorded. as to the interpretation of these potential changes in terms of a potential drop that is produced by local currents flowing from the resting region of a fibre towards the active region consideration is given to two cases. first, a propagated active region (spike pote ... | 1975 | 1199599 |
| letter: relative frequencies of anaerobes. | | 1975 | 1200548 |
| abnormal membrane surface properties during maturation of rat reticulocytes elicited by bleeding as measured by partition in two-polymer aqueous phases. | partition of cells in two-polymer aqueous phases is an extremely sensitive method for the separation of cells and for tracing subtle changes in the cells' membrane surface properties (primarily surface charge) as a function of in vivo processes (e.g. differentiation, maturation, ageing). combining isotope labelling and cell countercurrent distribution techniques we have examined the membrane surface properties of rat reticulocytes produced in response to erythroid stress by bleeding. it was foun ... | 1975 | 1201234 |
| the effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus on the retention and excretion of lead in rats. | 1. rats were given diets containing different amounts of calcium, phosphorus and lead. 2. pb retention was greatly increased when the diets contained less ca or p than the minimum estimated requirement of the rat. 3. the release of pb already incorporated into the skeleton was inhibited by diets low in ca but was not affected by diets low in p. 4. the retention of pb given intraperitoneally was not affected by dietary ca or p. 5. it can be concluded that dietary ca and p influence the absorption ... | 1975 | 1201259 |
| [effect of delta-aminolevulinic acid on the biosynthesis of porphyrins and vitamin b12 by suspensions of starved cells of actinomyces olivaceus v kx met- (b12-) mutants]. | | 1975 | 1214638 |
| letter: prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal surgery. | | 1975 | 1221269 |
| [influence of endogenous factors on the ash, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, zinc, iron, copper and manganese contents in the bristles of pigs. 3. influence of time of cutting on the mineral composition of the hair (boar bristles)]. | the ash content and the content of ca, mg, k, and na in the bristles of pigs is influenced by the age of the animal and by the season of the year. the peak concentrations of ash, ca and mg in the bristles of eight boars (cut every month) were found in june, shortly before the change in hair coat. (p less than 0.05-0.001). the concentrations of k and na in the bristles deviated functionally from the change in the hair coat. in the first half of the year the bristles of the boars contained signifi ... | 1975 | 1233935 |
| [studies on the use of wheat rich in crude proteins in the feeding of broilers. 2. carcass yields and carcass composition]. | studies were made to investigate whether the the substitution of maize for high-protein wheat fed in combination with different protein in fattening rations to broilers would influence the carcass yields and chemical carcass composition of broilers. the described dietary regime was not found to have a significant influence on the different criteria of carcass composition (roaster carcass, flesh, abdominal fat, total proportion of utilizable parts) with the exception of the relative proportion of ... | 1975 | 1233971 |
| [studies on the protein and amino acid metabolism of laying hens using 15n labeled casein. 15n concentration in the intestinal content and intestinal tissue in relation to the time of the last 15n administration]. | four laying hens with anus praeternaturalis were fed 15n casein for a period of 6 experimental days. each experimental bird thus received a 15n excess (15n') of 154.44 mg. 11.54 mg of 15n' were found in lysine 3.99 mg in histidine and 9.58 mg in arginine. 2 hens were slaughtered 48 hours after the last 15n dose; another 2 were sacrificed after 144 hrs. in this investigation the n content of the intestinal contents and in the proteins of the small and large intestine were determined. the average ... | 1975 | 1233975 |
| synthesis of tetrahydro-beta-carbolines from indoleamines via enzymatic formation of formaldehyde from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. | | 1975 | 1233979 |
| inactivation of hapten-modified bacteriophage by antibody: increased sensitivity of the assay in media containing polyethylene glycol. | inactivation of dinitrophenylated bacteriophage t4 by porcine and rabbit anti-dinitrophenyl (dnp) antibodies was studied by the complex inactivation methods. the inactivation titers increased 20-30 times when polyethylene glycol, mol. wt. 6000, was added to the incubation media. consequently, the detection of dinitrophenylated serum albumin with the modified bacteriophage could be carried out with higher sensitivity upon addition of polyethylene glycol. | 1975 | 1234056 |
| histoenzymatic and ultrastructural findings in the human gastric mucosa during fasting. | in this study the influence of fasting on the structures in the human gastric mucosa was followed using selective histoenzymological and electronmicroscopic method. the gastrobioptical material of 7 healthy volunteers was examined after 24 to 240 hour fasting. during fasting an increased acid phosphatase activity in the chief cells of the human fundal mucosa was observed. the activity of the nonspecific esterase (naphtyl esterase) in the chief cells decreased mainly after 240 hour fasting. in th ... | 1975 | 1234103 |
| the distribution of serotonin-containing cells in the human alimentary tract. | the distribution of serotonin-containing cells (sc cells) in the human alimentary tract was studied by means of the fluorescent histochemical method of falck et al. on surgically resected specimens. no sc cells could be observed in the nonmucosal parts of the alimentary tract and in the squamous cell epithelium of the esophagus. the richest sc cells were observed in the upper portion of the small intestine (namely the duodenum and the jejunum). the rectum was relatively rich in the distribution ... | 1975 | 1234108 |
| formation of indoleacetic acid by intestinal anaerobes. | indoleacetic acid was produced from tryptophan by only three of 23 intestinal anaerobes studied. evidence is presented to show that the formation of indoleacetic acid proceeds through the intermediate, indolepyruvic acid, via transamination with alpha-ketoglutarate rather than by tryptamine pathway. | 1975 | 1236846 |
| median sternotomy wound infection and anterior mediastinitis caused by bacteroides fragilis. | the first reported case of median sternotomy infection and mediastinitis caused by bacteroides fragilis is described. several positive blood cultures led to diagnostic anaerobic cultures of the wound and administration of clindamycin therapy. this anaerobic infection should be suspected whenever gram smears of exudates show gram-negative bacilli and aerobic cultures are sterile. | 1976 | 1248282 |
| [anaerobic bacteria in perforated appendix]. | | 1976 | 1248429 |
| the purification and characterization of ovine placental lactogen. | ovine placental lactogen (opl), has been purified approximately 1,000-fold from sheep cotyledons using conventional protein purification procedures. radioreceptor assays using rabbit liver particulate fractions for growth hormone (rra-gh) and using rabbit mammary gland particulate fractions for prolactin (rra-prl) were employed to monitor the hormonal activities. the molecular weight of opl is approximately 22,000 as determined by gel filtration on sephadex g-100, and its isoelectric point as de ... | 1976 | 1248449 |
| the effect of corticosteroids and hemicholinium-3 on choline uptake and incorporation into acetylcholine in rat diaphragm. | the glucocorticoids prednisolone and dexamethasone antagonize the inhibition by hemicholinium-3 of both the rate of choline uptake and the incorporation of choline into acetylcholine in the rat diaphragm. aldosterone has no such effects. it is concluded that the beneficial effect of glucocorticoids in the treatment of myasthenia gravis may be due not only to immunosuppression, but also to some direct effect on presynaptic events perhaps via a choline carrier or an enzyme of choline metabolism. | 1976 | 1248514 |
| [life threatening infection with bacteroides fragilis in connection with dalkon shield (author's transl)]. | a case of severe peritonitis in connection with the application of a dalkon shield is reported. by culturing the peritoneal exsudate a monoculture of bacteroides fragilis was found as causing agens. the general aspects of severe infection in connection with iud, particularly the dalkon shield, are discussed. by analysing the reports in the literature it cannot be ruled out, that bacteroides fragilis may to be a major factor in cases with lethal outcome. | 1976 | 1248725 |
| susceptibility of the liver and biliary tract to anaerobic infection in extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction. ii. liver function and morphology of the liver and biliary tract--an experimental study in rabbits. | biliary tract infection with anaerobic bacteria (b. fragilis or fusobacterium mortiferum) was produced in rabbits by common duct ligation (c.d.l.) 3 days prior to intravenous bacterial inoculation. animals were investigated 1, 4 or 7 days after inoculation. histopathological investigations included the liver, the common duct, and the gallbladder, while liver function was evaluated by bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ap), and l-alanine aminotransferase (gpt) in serum. rabbits with c.d.l. and bili ... | 1976 | 1251134 |
| [gas producing infection caused by bacteroides]. | | 1976 | 1251396 |
| [editorial: helsinki declaration.ii]. | | 1976 | 1251534 |
| survival of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in a nonsupportive gassed transport system. | survival of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in a commercially available, non-supportive, gassed (oxygen-free) transport container (anaport) was evaluated quantitatively. saline-suspended obligate anaerobes survived significantly better in the gassed container in aerobic control tubes (p less than 0.025, t test), and counts were virtually unchanged after 8 h of holding. similarly, initial counts and relative proportions of a mixture of bacteroides fragilis and staphylococcus aureus were maintained ... | 1976 | 1254710 |
| activity of combinations of antimicrobial agents against bacteroides fragilis. | thirty-two clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis were tested against nine pairs of antimicrobial agents by means of an agar dilution technique. a synergistic effect was observed with the combination of clindamycin and metronidazole. end points were achieved with 17 strains. of these strains, 13 (76%) were inhibited by the combination of clindamycin and metronidazole; each drug was present at a concentration of less than or equal to 25% of its minimal inhibitory concentration when tested alon ... | 1976 | 1254988 |
| [anaerobic infections ii. bacteriological study and treatment]. | | 1976 | 1257978 |
| bacteroides fragilis resistant to the administration of clindamycin. | the susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis to the administration of clindamycin, and the efficacy of this agent in bacteroides infections are well documented. clindamycin-resistant strains of b. fragilis were isolated from two patients with bacteremia at two institutions. clinically significant resistance to clindamycin therapy has not been noted previously in b. fragilis infections. | 1976 | 1258888 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of the subspecies of bacteroides fragilis. | strains (115) of bacteroides fragilis were identified at the subspecific level and were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, penicillin, and tetracycline using an agar dilution technique. we tested the following strains: b. fragilis subsp. distasonis, 12; b. fragilis subsp. fragilis, 39; b. fragilis subsp. ovatus, 10; b. fragilis subsp. thetaiotaomicron, 32; b. fragilis subsp. vulgatus, 10; and b. fragilis subsp. "other," 12. there were no marked di ... | 1976 | 1259403 |
| comparative study of the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefoxitin, cefuroxine, and cephaloridine. | the in vitro antibacterial effects of cefoxitin, a semisynthetic cephamycin, cefuroxime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, and cephaloridine were compared. with gram-positive bacteria, marked differences were found only in the effects against streptococcus faecalis, where cephaloridine and cefuroxime were superior to cefoxitin. with gram-negative aerobic bacteria, cefoxitin, which is known to be more resistant to beta-lactamases from gram-negative bacteria than any cephalosporin, was found to be m ... | 1976 | 1259406 |
| stimulation of blastic transformation of rabbit lymphocytes by means of endotoxins of bacteroides fragilis. | blastic transformation of lymphocytes from peripheral blood of rabbits immunized with formolized suspensions of bacteroides fragilis was obtained. stimulation was accomplished by means of endotoxins extracted from the strain with which the animals were immunized, and from a related serotype. blastic transformation was obtained 21 days after the start of immunization of the animals, and maximum response after 4-5 weeks. humoral response, checked by the passive hemagglutination test, preceded cell ... | 1976 | 1259541 |
| the in vitro spectrum of the cephalosporins. | the cephalosporins may currently be classified according to their relative susceptibility to beta-lactamases. cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefatrizine, and cephanone are relatively resistant to the gram-negative beta-lactamases, whereas cephalothin, cefamandole, and cefoxitin are resistant to staphylococcal beta-lactamase. although the inhibitory activity of cephalothin is representative of that of cephaloridine, cephalexin, cefazolin, cephapirin, cephacetrile, and cephradine, there are significant d ... | 1976 | 1263595 |
| activity of cephazolin and other cephalosporins against bacteroides fragilis. | the antibiotic sensitivity of 50 strains of bacteroides fragilis to four cephalosporin compounds, cephazolin, cephaloridine, cephradine and cephalexin is reported. cephazolin was found to be the most active, 94 per cent of strains being susceptible to blood concentrations achieved on standard dosage, comparative findings with cephaloridine and cephradine were about 50 per cent, and only 22 per cent of strains were inhibited by cephalexin. the importance of infections due to bacteroides is discus ... | 1976 | 1265472 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria. | antimicrobial therapy of anaerobic infections is usually predicted on the basis of known patterns of susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents rather than on results of in vitro tests of individual isolates. routine susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria is not recommended, but there are instances of serious infection, i.e., endocarditis, or specific infecting organisms, e.g., bacteroides fragilis, when in vitro testing of the specific infecting organism is indicated. no ... | 1976 | 1266883 |
| hyperbaric oxygen exposures for intrahepatic abscesses produced in mice by nonsporeforming anaerobic bacteria. | hyperbaric oxygen exposures were evaluated for treatment of progressive liver abscesses produced by intraperitoneal injection of combined cultures of fusobacterium necrophorum plus either bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis or fusobacterium nucleatum in a mouse model. infected control and hyperbaric oxygen-exposed mice were autopsied 5 or 6 weeks after inoculation of bacteria and were assigned numerical pathology scores according to the number and size of abscesses present. seventeen daily 3-h ... | 1976 | 1267430 |
| rosamicin: in vitro activity against anaerobes and comparison with erythromycin. | the in vitro activity of rosamicin was determined against 231 strains of anaerobic bacteria and compared with the activity of erythromycin against the same strains. rosamicin and erythromycin had similar activity against strains of peptostreptococcus and gram-positive nonsporeforming bacilli. rosamicin was somewhat more active against strains of peptococcus, clostridium, and gram-negative anaerobes. all strains of bacteroides fragilis tested were inhibited by 4 mug of rosamicin or less per ml, w ... | 1976 | 1267432 |
| inhibition of bacteroides fragilis on blood agar plates and reversal of inhibition by added hemin. | bacteroides fragilis strains formed much smaller colonies on most types of blood agar plates than they did on the same media without blood. blood inhibited strains of b. fragilis subsp. distasonis the most and b. fragilis subsp. fragilis the least. the inhibition could be eliminated by adding hemin to the blood agar. the inhibitory component of the blood was inside the erythrocytes and appeared to be the hemin-free globin of hemoglobin. | 1976 | 1270596 |
| bacteroides bacteraemia. a clinical and bacteriological analysis of 51 patients. | during a 7-year period bacteroides bacteraemia was found in 51 patients, corresponding to 1.9% of all patients with positive blood cultures. many patients had serious underlying diseases, most frequently in the gastrointestinal tract, and 80% were subjected to surgery. frequent clinical findings were shock (27%), phlebitis (24%) and jaundice (22%). the overall mortality was 55%. increased mortality was associated with shock, advanced age and phlebitis. bacteroides fragilis, showing a very homoge ... | 1976 | 1273520 |
| anaerobic thoracic empyema complicated by bronchopleural fistula and aspiration pneumonia. | | 1976 | 1275759 |
| the characterization of nonbacterial prostatitis: search for an etiology. | nonbacterial prostatitis is often difficult to differentiate from other prostatic complaints and remains a vaguely characterized syndrome. prostatic fluid inflammatory cells and elevated immunoglobulins raise the suspicion that this syndrome is caused by some undetected infection. prostatic fluid antibodies against chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, staphylococcus, staphylococcus faecalis, bacteroides fragilis and clostridium perfringens were measured in men with nonbacterial and bac ... | 1992 | 1279213 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in patients receiving renal replacement therapy, and in the staff caring for them. | two hundred and forty-three patients receiving renal replacement therapy (rrt) and 20 renal unit staff were tested for antibodies to hepatitis c (hcv). three patients (1.2%) were positive by the first generation test kit, the lowest rate in patients receiving rrt reported in the literature to date. these three, and eight other patients tested positive by the second generation kit, a prevalence rate of 4.5%. anti-hcv antibody positivity was associated with higher mean serum alanine aminotransfera ... | 1992 | 1280095 |
| measurement of glycated proteins in human plasma or murine hepatic cytosolic fractions by a competitive enzyme linked immune assay (elisa). | after planned immunization, a rabbit polyclonal antibody has been produced that recognized the schiff base moiety of glycated proteins. using an elisa technique, antiserum specifically recognized reduced and glycated epitopes on a variety of proteins, and did not react with nonreduced and glycated proteins. the antiserum showed very low cross-reactivity with reduced but not glycated proteins. the assay was also used to determine the degree of ex vivo glycation of serum proteins from diabetic pat ... | 1992 | 1280140 |
| [ammoniacal silver method in alkaline ph range as a technique for detection of morpho-functional features of nerve tissue elements]. | an alkaline range ph 9.1-12.3 instead of values ph 7.0-7.1 was used to localize lysine-rich and arginine-rich nucleoproteins by ammonia silver (as) staining method (black and ansley, 1966) in brain structures of rabbits and rats. this modification of as method made it steady to reveal lysine-rich and arginine-rich nucleoproteins and was able to demonstrate the high variability of protein localization in relation to the balance of essential amino acids in the brain structures with different funct ... | 1992 | 1280174 |
| species specific monoclonal antibodies to bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide protect mice from severe infection. | four monoclonal antibodies which reacted in a species specific manner with bacteroides fragilis were isolated. they recognised at least two different epitopes of b. fragilis lipopolysaccharide. the monoclonal antibodies protected non-immune mice from longlasting bacteraemia and abscess formation induced by the intraperitoneal administration of b. fragilis in combination with an infection-potentiating agent. the monoclonal antibodies were as efficient as an anti-b. fragilis hyperimmune serum. onl ... | 1992 | 1283090 |
| [a case of staphylococcal enterocolitis caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus]. | recently, the frequency of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection has been increasing. we experienced a case of postoperative enterocolitis due to mrsa. the patient was an 81-year-old male with benign prostatic hypertrophy. urine leakage from the penrose drain tube appeared 1 day after suprapubic prostatectomy. we had used intravenous infusion of antibiotic agents including cefodizine (cdzm), imipenem (ipm/cs) and cefmetazol (cmz). he developed severe diarrhea, high fever, ... | 1992 | 1283807 |
| single amino acid substitutions can further increase the stability of a thermophilic l-lactate dehydrogenase. | lactate dehydrogenases are of considerable interest as stereospecific catalysts in the chemical preparation of enantiomerically pure alpha-hydroxyacid synthons. for such applications in synthetic organic chemistry it would be desirable to have enzymes which tolerate elevated temperatures for prolonged reaction times, to increase productivity and to extend their applicability to poor substrates. here, two examples are reported of significant thermostabilizations, induced by site-directed mutagene ... | 1992 | 1287656 |
| [pyogenic osteomyelitis in gaucher's disease]. | gaucher's disease is a sphingolipidosis which may be accompanied by severe pain in the bones. we report a case of bacteroides fragilis osteomyelitis consecutive to surgical biopsy. the bone pain may be due to ischaemia of the bone or to a pyogenic osteomyelitis which is iatrogenic in most cases. the clinical and paraclinical features of these two entities are described after a review of the literature, and the main complementary examinations leading to their diagnosis are presented. | 1992 | 1287770 |
| lactic acid isomers and fatty acids in sinus secretion: a longitudinal study of bacterial and leukocyte metabolism in experimental sinusitis. | concentrations of the two optic isomers of lactate (d- and l-form) as well as glucose, succinate, acetate, butyrate, isovalerate and valerate were examined in purulent sinus secretions. the samples were obtained from rabbit maxillary sinuses, experimentally infected with streptococcus pneumoniae or bacteroides fragilis. more soluble acids such as acetate displayed relatively low levels in the secretion, despite a high microbial production. a substantial increase in d-lactate concentration was fo ... | 1992 | 1287811 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in australia. | the susceptibilities of 900 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to 14 antimicrobial agents were determined by an agar dilution technique. chloramphenicol, imipenem and metronidazole were found to be active against virtually all of the strains; only a single bacteroides fragilis isolate was resistant to both imipenem and metronidazole. the addition of clavulanic acid to amoxycillin and ticarcillin potentiated the activities of these agents against all anaerobes including members of the b. fra ... | 1992 | 1289355 |
| [antibacterial activity of rokitamycin against fresh clinical isolates]. | we obtained bacterial strains which were clinically isolated and identified from outpatients with various infections in medical institutions throughout japan. possible antibacterial activities of rokitamycin (rkm) were examined against these isolates. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined through a comparative study with reference drugs. the results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. resistance patterns of 400 isolates which were highly resistant to macrolides (mls) wi ... | 1992 | 1289579 |
| [involvement of the heart valves and great vessels in homozygote familial hypercholesterolemia]. | homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia is characterized by cutaneous xanthoma development from infancy, precocious and accelerated atherosclerosis with clinical signs of ischemic heart disease and frequent involvement of left heart valves resulting in stenosis and/or incompetence. two cases are described of this condition, both associated with aortic stenosis. in one case mitral incompetence and thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension were also found. the mitral valve is involved in the atheros ... | 1992 | 1291417 |
| differential role of ovarian hormones for taste preferences in rats. | the effects of estrogen (ovx-eb) and progesterone (ovx-p) administration to ovariectomized (ovx) rats on food and fluid intakes were studied in fifty five animals grouped into three series. animals in each series were given a choice of two fluids viz. tap water and either 5% glucose (5 g/w) or 12% glucose (12 g/w) or 1.5% sodium chloride (s/w) by two bottle preference. both hormones had a differential effect on the ingestion of the two concentrations of glucose while progesterone markedly increa ... | 1992 | 1291475 |
| aerobic and anaerobic bacterial interactions in the development of anaerobic bacterial pneumonia. | the interactions between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the development of anaerobic bacterial pneumonia were studied by introducing bacteroides fragilis and escherichia coli alone or in combination into guinea pigs by tracheal infusion. the lung lesions induced by b. fragilis were mainly located near the pleura, unlike those induced by e. coli, and were accompanied by pneumonia, lung abscess, and pleuritis. the lung lesions produced by mixed infection with b. fragilis (10(9) cfu) and e. coli ... | 1992 | 1294672 |
| resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents in spain. | as a consequence of antibiotic consumption, the entire microbial ecosystem attached to man is evolving towards resistance. in spain, penicillin resistance (mic > 0.5 mg/l) is found in about 10% of peptostreptococcus, clostridium perfringens and eubacterium, and in 50% of veillonella. cefoxitin resistance ( > 2 mg/l) is present in 10 to 20% of peptostreptococcus and clostridium, and in 50% of eubacterium; 21% of bacteroides (fragilis group) strains are resistant to 16 mg/l. a very low rate of imi ... | 1992 | 1295754 |
| epidemiological aspects of infections caused by bacteroides fragilis and clostridium difficile. | bacteroides fragilis and clostridium difficile are two of the most common anaerobes associated with human disease. studies on the epidemiology of bacteroides fragilis are limited and are based predominantly on serogrouping, which suggests intraspecies differences. further studies using newer techniques for typing are required to elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of this important pathogen. by contrast, numerous phenotypic, immunological and molecular methods have been developed for t ... | 1992 | 1295758 |
| role of fibrin deposition in the pathogenesis of intraabdominal infection. | the production of fibrinous exudates plays an important role in determining the outcome of peritoneal infection. large numbers of bacteria are sequestered within fibrin matrices, thereby retarding bacterial spread throughout the peritoneal cavity and into the bloodstream. this walling-off process is teleologically advantageous in that it lessens early rapid mortality. recent studies have documented that this same process is probably integral to the development of residual infection in the perito ... | 1992 | 1295760 |