| carbohydrate repression of catalase synthesis in bacteroides fragilis. | catalase formation by bacteroides fragilis was immediately stopped upon addition of glucose to a culture growing in peptone medium. each of eight other carbohydrates fermented by the organism also repressed catalase formation. without added carbohydrate, the strains produced relatively large amounts of catalase (25 to 50 u/mg of protein). | 1977 | 830647 |
| suppurative thyroiditis with gas formation due to mixed anaerobic infection. | | 1977 | 830929 |
| quantitative microflora of the vagina. | this study enumerated the predominant vaginal flora in 25 healthy patients: 18 prenatal (six with and 12 without gonorrhea) and seven nonpregnant without gonorrhea. all 25 patients had aerobes and 19 of the 25 had anerobes isolated in titers of greater than or equal to 10(5) colony-forming units (cfu per milliliter). the most frequently isolated microorganism was the lactobacillus (aerobic and anaerobic species) followed by c. vaginale, viridans streptococci, anaerobic gram-positive cocci, and b ... | 1977 | 831488 |
| effect of a high-beef diet on the fecal bacterial flora of humans. | ten human volunteers completed a 4-month diet series consisting of 1 month each of a control diet, a meatless diet, a high-beef diet, and the same control diet. fat and fiber contents were essentially the same in all four diets, but protein content was doubled during the high-beef diet. during the 4th week on each diet, three stool specimens collected from each volunteer were analyzed for chemical composition and content of facultative, aerobic, and anaerobic bacteria. the bacteriological data a ... | 1977 | 832279 |
| sensitivity of bacteroidaceae to fosfomycin. | the sensitivity of 116 strains of bacteroides fragilis and 60 strains of sphaerophorus to fosfomycin was studied. of the 178 strains that were tested, 156 were isolated from pathological products in our department and the remainder came from the following collections: nctc, atcc and the institut fur mikrobiologie of the university of bonn. identification was made morphologically and biochemically in accordance with the scheme which we usually employ and which has previously been published. the s ... | 1977 | 832544 |
| numbers and types of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens since 1960. | between 1960 and 1974, 826 specimens, excluding stool, urine, sputum, and blood, yielded 689 (83%) positive cultures, of which 403 (58.5%) contained anaerobic bacteria. this represents 48.8% of the total specimens cultured. isolates from 153 specimens obtained and stocked from 1965 to 1974 were reidentified by current criteria. gram-negative bacilli, primarily bacteroides, were the most frequently isolated anaerobes, being found in 70% of 153 anaerobe-positive specimens and accounting for 42% of ... | 1977 | 833266 |
| antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid against anaerobic bacteria. | amniotic fluid samples were obtained at term and tested for their antimicrobial effect on anaerobes, peptostreptococcus (ps.) anaerobius, peptococcus (pc.) prevotii, bacteroides (b.) fragilis, and b. coagulans with facultative escherichia (e.) coli serving as control. amniotic fluid had only temporary bacteriostatic effect on pc. prevotii and b. fragilis for 8 to 16 hours. this effect lasted for only 8 hours on ps. anaerobius. on the contrary, the bacteriostatic effect of amniotic fluid was well ... | 1977 | 835621 |
| [bacteriological studies on bacteroides fragilis infections and treatment with clindamycin for intravenous injection (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 839641 |
| [susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)]. | the in vitro susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of 272 anaerobes, most of which were recent clinical isolated, was determined by broth dilution tests, with chloramphenicol, 133 anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods (48 bacteroides fragilis, 13 b. thetaiotaomicron, 14 b. oralis, 16 sphaerophorus varius etc.) had mic values of 0.03 through 16 microng/ml. very similar results (mic, 0.06-16 microng/ml) were obtained with thiamphenicol. in concentrations of 4 microng/ml or less ch ... | 1977 | 848218 |
| in vitro activity of ticarcillin against anaerobic bacteria compared with that of carbenicillin and penicillin. | a total of 334 clinical anaerobic isolates were tested in an anaerobic glove box by the agar dilution technique for susceptibility to clinically achievable levels of ticarcillin, carbenicillin, and penicillin. thirty-two micrograms or less of penicillin per milliliter inhibited 91% of all strains, whereas 100 mug of carbenicillin and ticarcillin per ml inhibited 95 and 98%, respectively. a total of 82% (85 strains) of bacteroides were inhibited by penicillin, and 93 and 96% were inhibited by car ... | 1977 | 848931 |
| experimental infections with anaerobic bacteria in mice. | experimental anaerobic infections in mice are reviewed with a description of a model of pure bacteroides fragilis infection. in this experimental situation, b. fragilis produces large subcutaneous abscesses in the groins of mice that can be diagnosed without autopsy. this infection was treated effectively with clindamycin in doses that produced levels of drug in blood similar to those attainable in humans. | 1977 | 850086 |
| introduction. | | 1977 | 850087 |
| comparison of clindamycin and chloramphenicol in treatment of serious infections of the female genital tract. | a study was performed of 102 obstetric-gynecologic patients who were thought to have sepsis or a pelvic abscess. fifty-three of these women received chloramphenicol and 49 received clindamycin. in addition, all patients received penicillin or a similar antibiotic and an aminoglycoside. similar clinical results were observed with the two treatment regimens. in eight of the 49 patients who received clindamycin and in three of 52 patients who received chloramphenicol, use of the drug was discontinu ... | 1977 | 850088 |
| in vitro activity and clinical efficacy of clindamycin in the treatment of infections due to anaerobic bacteria. | clindamycin, rosamicin, josamycin, and metronidazole had similar inhibitory activity against 29 clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis, i.e., 100% of strains were inhibited by 0.8 microng of metronidazole or josamycin/ml and 100% by 1.6 microng of clindamycin or rosamicin/ml. metronidazole was bactericidal against 97% of the isolates, and clindamycin or rosamicin (in concentrations of 1.6 microng/ml) was bactericidal against 80%. erythromycin and josamicin were the least bactericidal agents i ... | 1977 | 850091 |
| clindamycin for treatment of sepsis caused by decubitus ulcers. | bacteremia was documented in 19 (76%) of 24 patients with sepsis caused solely by decubitus ulcers, persisted in all but two, and was polymicrobial in 10 (42%). obligate anaerobes were isolated from 12 patients (63%) and included bacteroides fragilis in 11 (58%). aerobes, primarily proteus (21%) and staphylococcus (16%), were isolated in nine patients (47%). therapy was judged appropriate when the microbial isolates were susceptible in vitro to the antibiotic used. nineteen patients received cli ... | 1977 | 850093 |
| empiric treatment with clindamycin and gentamicin of suspected sepsis due to anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. | clindamycin and gentamicin were used in combination to treat 107 patients empirically for suspected aerobic-anaerobic sepsis. all patients were seriously ill and required initiation of treatment before results of cultures could be obtained. infections included intraabdominal sepsis, hospital-acquired aspiration pneumonia, and soft tissue infections. exudate cultured from 65 patients showed that the prediction of a mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora was correct in 46 patients (71%). isolates from exud ... | 1977 | 850096 |
| fatty acids in the endotoxins of various bacteroides fragilis subspecies. | | 1977 | 851902 |
| a method for the production of pre-reduced anaerobically sterilized culture media. | | 1977 | 853028 |
| chemotherapy of an experimental bacteroides fragilis infection in mice. | the efficacies of five common antimicrobial agents were determined for a pure bacteroides fragilis infection in mice. therapy was begun 4 h after bacterial injection and given every 8 h thereafter for 5 days. blood levels were determined over an 8-h period for each concentration of antibiotic tested. clindamycin and tetracycline were the most effective in preventing the formation of abscesses. chloramphenicol, penicillin g, and cephalothin were not effective in protecting the mice from infection ... | 1977 | 855998 |
| comparative growth rates of selected anaerobic species in four commonly used broth media. | generations times (g(t)) of selected anaerobic species were compared in four culture media commonly used for anaerobic bacteria to evaluate these media for growing inocula for anaerobic antibiotic susceptibility determinations. twenty-two clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis, fusobacterium spp., clostridium perfringens, and clostridium spp. were tested in schaedler broth, supplemented lombard-dowell broth, supplemented thioglycolate broth, and supplemented peptone-yeast extract-glucose brot ... | 1977 | 856002 |
| comparative susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to ticarcillin, cefoxitin, metronidazole, and related antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro antimicrobial activity of two newer agents, ticarcillin and cefoxitin, against 204 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined by an agar dilution technique, and compared to their related compounds carbenicillin, cephalothin, and penicillin, as well as metronidazole, clindamycin, and chloramphenicol. ticarcillin was similar to carbenicillin, and cefoxitin was more active than cephalothin. at readily achievable blood concentrations of each antimicrobial agent, ticar ... | 1977 | 856019 |
| cefoxitin resistance to beta-lactamase: a major factor for susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis to the antibiotic. | toluene-treated cell suspensions of bacteroides fragilis were used to screen clinical isolates for the production of beta-lactamase. approximately one-third of the isolates possessed considerable cephalosporinase activity. a significant correlation was found between beta-lactamase production and resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics. several isolates were resistant to cefuroxime and cefamandole and produced enzymes capable of hydrolyzing these antibiotics. however, none of the 79 strains teste ... | 1977 | 856025 |
| [in vitro susceptibility of bacteroidaceae to cefoxitin and cephalothin (author's transl)]. | the activity of the new cephamycin c derivatives cefoxitin against 102 clinical isolates of bacteroidaceae (95 bacteroides strains and 7 fusobacterium-sphaerophorus cultures) was determined by tube dilution and standardized agar diffusion tests and compared to that of cephalothin. cefoxitin was more active than cephalothin against 56 bacteroides fragilis strains, 19 bacteroides thetaiota-omicron strains and two bacteroides splanchnicus strains. the difference seemed less pronounced with five bac ... | 1977 | 856727 |
| myocardial abscess complicating healed myocardial infarction. | an isolated myocardial abscess due to bacteroides fragilis developed in the scar of a myocardial infarction. fever, chills and signs of pericarditis were the main clinical features. mild enteritis 1 week prior to the onset of symptoms related to the abscess was the most likely cause of the bacteremia. the diagnosis was established at thoracotomy, performed because of cardiac tamponade. thirteen other cases of isolated bacterial myocardial abscess accompanying myocardial infarction have been repo ... | 1977 | 861868 |
| internal standards for gas chromatographic analysis of metabolic end products from anaerobic bacteria. | 2-methylpentanoic acid and benzoic acid are suggested for use as routine internal standards for gas chromatographic analysis of microbial end products. | 1977 | 869521 |
| experimental bacteroides fragilis endocarditis in rabbits. | a serum-resistant strain of bacterioides fragilis that did not produce heparinase was used to study the characteristics of b. fragilis endocarditis in the rabbit experimental model. the infective dose required to produce endocarditis in 50% of rabbits was significantly lower for rabbits with left-sided intracardiac catheters (log10 6.3 colony-forming units +/- 0.6/ml) as compared with right-sided intracardiac catheters (log10 7.7 colony-forming units +/- 0.8/ml). after 3 days of infection, bacte ... | 1977 | 870433 |
| fatal colitis in a hemophilic patient with inhibitor. | a severe colitis developed in a hemophilic patient following an antibiotic regimen which included clindamycin. a surgical procedure, total hip replacement, had been complicated by the appearance of a powerful factor viii inhibitor and a bacteroides fragilis infection. the resulting bleeding diathesis was successfully managed with the use of an "activated prothrombin complex"; however, the occurrence of colitis following intravenous clindamycin therapy proved to be fatal. clindamycin, like the re ... | 1977 | 870986 |
| development of anaerobic fecal flora in healthy newborn infants. | stool samples from 196 healthy infants less than ten days of age were cultured to delineate bacterial colonization patterns of the intestine. by one week of age, isolation rates of bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic bacteria in term infants following vaginal delivery and formula feeding approach that of adults. differences in gestational age, type of delivery, and type of feeding are associated with significantly different colonization patterns of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in the firs ... | 1977 | 874690 |
| synergistic action of erythromycin and cefamandole against bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis. | erythromycin and cefamandole have exhibited synergistic activity against eight strains of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis. in concentrations of only 0.25 to 0.5 mug of erythromycin per ml (easily obtainable with oral therapy), less than 0.4 mug (0.015 to 1.0) of cefamandole per ml inhibited the b. fragilis strains. in the presence of the erythromycin, the potency of cefamandole was increased more than 100-fold. on the basis of the mechanism of action of these two antibiotics, the synergism ... | 1977 | 879736 |
| susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cofoxitin and related compounds. | cephalothin, cefazolin, cephradine, and cefoxitin inhibited more than 75% of 326 anaerobic bacteria in vitro, but cefoxitin was the most effective against anaerobes in general and bacteroides fragilis in particular. | 1977 | 879743 |
| laminarinase (beta-glucanase) activity in bacteroides from the human colon. | laminarin, a beta(1 leads to 3)-glucan similar to those found in plant cell walls, is fermented by some species of anaerobic bacteria from the human colon. laminarinase (ec 3.2.1.6) and beta-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.21) activities were determined in strains representing bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, bacteroides distasonis, and an unnamed deoxyribonucleic acid homology group of bacteroides fragilis. in all three species, laminarinase activity was inducible by laminarin and was predominantly cell bou ... | 1977 | 879772 |
| cefuroxime, a new parenteral cephalosporin: collaborative in vitro susceptibility comparison with cephalothin against 5,887 clinical bacterial isolates. | cefuroxime, a new parenteral cephalosporin was compared with cephalothin by broth microdilution susceptibility testing against 5,887 routine clinical bacterial isolates in four large clinical laboratories. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cefuroxime against the enterobacteriaceae were consistently lower than those of cephalothin. this was most striking among the enterobacter species, which were generally susceptible to cefuroxime (mic </= 8 mug/ml), but resistant to cephalothin. s ... | 1977 | 883818 |
| the capsular polysaccharide of bacteroides fragilis as a virulence factor: comparison of the pathogenic potential of encapsulated and unencapsulated strains. | the pathogenic potentials of encapsulated and unencapsulated strains of bacteroides fragilis were compared by use of a rat model of intraabdominal sepsis. implantation of encapsulated b. fragilis alone resulted in abscesses in most recipients, whereas unencapsulated strains seldom produced this effect unless they were combined with another organism. implants of heat-killed, encapsulated b. fragilis also resulted in abscess formation. subsequent experiments suggested that the abscess-potentiating ... | 1977 | 886206 |
| [necrosing postoperative enteritis with septicemia due to bacteroides fragilis (ristella)]. | | 1977 | 887393 |
| bl-s786, a new parenteral cephalosporin. i. a collaborative in vitro susceptibility comparison to cephalothin against 5,762 clinical bacterial isolates. | the in vitro activity of compound bl-s786 was compared with that of cephalothin against 5,762 clinical isolates by the microdilution broth method. bl-s786 demonstrated a broader spectrum and a significantly lower mic against the enterobacteriaceae. although greater susceptibility to bl-s786 than to cephalothin was exhibited by serratia marcescens, proteus morganii and proteus vulgaris, these three species were generally resistant to both drugs. by contrast, the staphylococci were significantly m ... | 1977 | 893226 |
| hydrogenase activity and the h2-fumarate electron transport system in bacteroides fragilis. | hydrogenase activity and the h(2)-fumarate electron transport system in a carbohydrate-fermenting obligate anaerobe, bacteroides fragilis, were investigated. in both whole cells and cell extracts, hydrogenase activity was demonstrated with methylene blue, benzyl viologen, flavin mononucleotide, or flavin adenine dinucleotide as the electron acceptor. a catalytic quantity of benzyl viologen or ferredoxin from clostridium pasteurianum was required to reduce nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or nic ... | 1977 | 893348 |
| bacteroides in pelvic abscesses. | | 1977 | 895814 |
| [treatment of meningitis caused by bacteroides fragilis with injections of ornidazole]. | | 1977 | 896422 |
| [isolation of bacteroides fragilis from the appendix in a case of appendicitis]. | | 1977 | 896576 |
| bacteriology of cholesteatoma: clinical significance. | | 1977 | 898521 |
| bs ii lectin: a second hemagglutinin isolated from bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds with affinity for type iii polyagglutinable red cells. | bs ii lectin, a second hemagglutinin isolated from bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds, agglutinated the red cells from 11 patients manifesting the 'acquired b' antigen phenomenon. the results of serological studies indicate that this lectin has specificity for the type iii polyagglutinable receptors rather than for the 'b-like' antigens present on 'acquired b' red cells. two other blood samples which did not possess 'acquired b' antigens were also found to react with bs ii lectin. both of these samp ... | 1977 | 898840 |
| [increase of anaerobic infections. prevalence of bacteroides. apropos of 17 cases in abdominal surgery]. | seventeen cases of anaerobic infections in abdominal surgery are reported. predominance of bacteroides is evident (9/17), especially bacteroides fragilis. the clinical manifestations of bacteroides infections are severe: 7 septicemias and 2 parietal infections, being the cause of the death in four patients. bacteroides infection develops preferently in an old patient, with severe disease, in colic surgery especially in emergency. bacteroides are characterized by their polyresistance to antibioti ... | 1977 | 900536 |
| bacteroides fragilis infections of the urinary tract. | | 1977 | 903332 |
| susceptibility bacteroides fragilis to fusidic acid. | | 1977 | 903333 |
| [appearance of metronidazole resistance in bacteroides fragilis]. | | 1977 | 905136 |
| the cephalosporins. | cephalosporin antibiotics are bactericidal against most gram-positive cocci and many gram-negative bacilli of clinical importance. they are relatively nontoxic but share with penicillins a tendency to elicit hypersensitivity reactions. they are indicated in certain instances for treatment of infections in patients with penicillin allergy and are frequently chosen as one of the agents in an empiric program in life-threatening infections. cephalosporins should not be used in infections caused by g ... | 1977 | 909313 |
| [bacteroides fragilis septicemia during rheumatoid arthritis]. | | 1977 | 909745 |
| in vitro activity of five oral cephalosporins against anaerobic pathogenic bacteria. | the in vitro inhibitory activities of cefaclor and and cefatrizine, two new orally absorbed cephalosporin antibiotics, against 44 isolates of anaerobic pathogenic bacteria were measured using the agar dilution procedure of the world health organization-international collaborative study. tests also were performed with cephalexin, cephaloglycin, and cephadrine, as well as with the parenteral cephamycin antibiotic cefoxitin. cefoxitin was the most active antibiotic and inhibited the majority of iso ... | 1977 | 915342 |
| [evaluation of the disc-plate method in bacteroides fragilis]. | | 1977 | 918321 |
| requirement of heme for growth of bacteroides fragilis. | heme or protoporphyrin ix was required for growth of bacteroides fragilis in a defined medium. the amount of heme necessary for half-maximal growth was 2 to 10 ng/ml (3.8 to 15 pmol/ml) among the bacteroides species and strains tested. the growth rate, metabolic products from glucose fermentation, and cell yields were affected by the concentration of heme in the medium and by the length of time the culture was incubated. when heme was growth limiting (4 ng/ml), growth rates decreased by 50%, cul ... | 1977 | 921263 |
| treatment of cerebral abscesses. | | 1977 | 922393 |
| bacteriological study of otogenic cerebral abscesses: chemotherapeutic role of metronidazole. | in nine consecutive patients with otogenic cerebral abscesses a mixed growth of aerobic and obligate anaerobic bacteria was isolated from the pus in five patients, and in the remaining four obligate anaerobes were the sole isolates. the commonest obligate anaerobe isolated was bacteroides fragilis, which was present in all but one patient. the patients were all treated with metronidazole for the anaerobic organisms and with appropriate chemotherapy against the aerobic organisms isolated. all the ... | 1977 | 922400 |
| evaluation of kanamycin-esculin bile agar for isolation and presumptive identification of bacteroides fragilis group. | a kanamycin-esculin bile medium was useful for selective isolation and presumptive identification (24 h) of the bacteroides fragilis group. | 1977 | 925149 |
| letter: treatment of a brain abscess due to bacteroides fragilis with metronidazole. | | 1976 | 931828 |
| [the bacteriodaceae flora in the faeces of pigs (author's transl)[]. | a total of 180 bacteroidaceae strains from the fecal specimens of 31 clinically healthy pigs aged 120 to 180 days from 4 farms were isolated in numbers of 10(8)-10(10) per gram feces and differentiated for their morphological, cultural and biochemical properties. 161 of these strains belonged to bacteroides ruminicola and related species, 10 to b. fragilis ss. fragilis, 3 to b. fragilis ss. vulgatus, 4 to fusobacterium necrogenes, 1 to f. mortiferum and 1 to a non-motile variant of f. novum. the ... | 1976 | 936825 |
| the use of pr-reduced media and a portable jar for the collection of anaerobic organisms for clinical sites of infection. | a system for the isolation of anaerobic organisms from clinical specimens was evaluated at the lac-usc medical center. clinicians were provided with a gas pak with a broth tube and two prereduced blood plates for direct inoculation of specimens. in the first 50 patients evaluated, 74 separate anaerobic isolates were recovered in 36 patients, 72 per cent of the total. bacteroides fragilis was the most common organism recovered. the impact of this system upon clinical management is discussed. | 1976 | 937393 |
| carbenicillin in the treatment of infections involving anaerobic bacteria. | twenty-one patients with serious infections involving anaerobic bacteria were treated with carbenicillin. multiple anaerobes were involved in 8 cases, and in 10 cases, facultative anaerobes were also isolated. bacteroides fragilis was isolated in 10 cases. results were judged excellent in 7 cases, good in 8 cases, and fair in 5 cases. these data suggest that carbenicillin may be an effective antibiotic for the therapy of infections due to anaerobic bacteria, particularly those involving b. fragi ... | 1976 | 938020 |
| human fecal flora: variation in bacterial composition within individuals and a possible effect of emotional stress. | data are presented on the distribution of 101 bacterial species and subspecies among 1,442 isolates from 25 fecal specimens from three men on: (i) their normal diet and normal living conditions, (ii) normal living conditions but eating the controlled metabolic diet designed for use in the skylab simulation and missions, and (iii) the skylab diet in simulated skylab (isolation) conditions. these bacteria represent the most numerous kinds in the fecal flora. analyses of the kinds of bacteria from ... | 1976 | 938032 |
| chemical and biological characterization of the lipopolysaccharide of bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis. | bacterial lipopolysaccharides extracted from bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis lacked 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and heptose, sugars which make up part of the inner core of most bacterial endotoxins. over 98% of the lipid portion of this material could be removed easily with chloroform-methanol and alcohol, a finding which indicates a loose association between the polysaccharide and lipid moieties. the lipopolysaccharides caused gelation of limulus lysate at a concentration significantly high ... | 1976 | 939922 |
| bacteroides fragilis ventriculitis and meningitis. report of two cases. | two patients with bacteroides fragilis meningitis and ventriculitis were treated. in one infant infection developed at 2 1/2 months of age as a result of an infected ventriculoatrial shunt inserted to treat hydrocephalus. in the second patient ventriculitis and meningitis developed at 20 days of age, while he was convalescing from surgery for gastric perforation that had occurred at 5 days of age. both patients were treated with ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin, which sterilized the ... | 1976 | 941889 |
| activity of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim against bacteroides fragilis. | minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of sulfamethoxazole (smx) and trimethoprim (tmp), alone and in three combinations, 20:1, 1:1, and 1:20, were determined on diagnostic sensitivity test (dst) and mueller-hinton (mh) agars containing lysed blood for various inocula of 91 strains of bacteroides fragilis from the u.s.a. and u.k. mics of smx were high with large inocula and higher on mh than dst, but results for tmp were less affected by these two factors. true smx resistance was rare: 10 u.s. ... | 1976 | 949171 |
| activity of cefamandole and other cephalosporins against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | the activity of cefamandole was comparable to that of cephalothin, cefazolin, and cephaloridine against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, and diplococcus pneumoniae. in contrast, cefamandole was considerably more active than cephalothin, cefazolin, or cephaloridine against gram-negative facultative bacilli, including haemophilus influenzae, the most striking disparities being noted with indole-positive proteus and enterobacter. bacteroides fragilis was more susceptible to cefoxitin ... | 1976 | 949182 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria to josamycin. | a total of 132 strains of anaerobic bacteria were tested for susceptibility to josamycin, using a broth dilution technique. all strains of peptococcus species, peptostreptococcus species, and bacteroides fragilis were inhibited by 2 mug or less per ml. seventy percent of these susceptible strains were also killed by 2 mug or less of josamycin per ml. however, 2 of 12 clostridium species and 6 of 10 fusobacterium species had minimum inhibitory concentrations of 32 mug or more per ml. | 1976 | 949184 |
| serogrouping of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis by the agglutination test. | the agglutination technique was used to establish a serological classification scheme for 98 strains of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis isolated from clinical specimens and normal human feces. absorbed antisera were prepared to seven strains of b. fragilis subsp. fragilis. these seven absorbed antisera were species as well as subspecies specific and provided the basis of the serological classification scheme. this scheme was composed of 21 serogroups; seven of these serogroups contained onl ... | 1976 | 950378 |
| letter: meningitis due to bacteriodes fragilis in a newborn infant. | | 1976 | 952653 |
| bacteroides fragilis and nitroimidazoles. | | 1976 | 956086 |
| vaginal flora in asymptomatic women. | four groups of 25 asymptomatic women--pregnant, premenopausal and taking oral contraceptives, premenopausal and not taking oral contraceptives, and postmenopausal--were studied for the presence in vaginal specimens of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, chlamydia, herpes simplex virus, mycobacteria, and trichomonas. no significant differences in microbial flora were found among the groups. | 1976 | 957791 |
| anaerobic mediastinitis. | three patients with anaerobic mediastinitis associated with retropharyngeal abscess have been encountered recently. dental infections accounted for two instances, and the third instance resulted from rupture of the thoracic esophagus from blunt trauma. each was marked by extreme difficulty in achieving complete abscess drainage due to the initially unrecognized virulence of the causative anaerobic bacteria. complications were frequent and included empyema, pericarditis and aspiration pneumonia. ... | 1976 | 959954 |
| [bacteroides infection in surgical patients (author's transl)]. | more than 80 cases of bacteroides infections are reported. 54 cases of these infections were postoperative complications. relationships between bacteroides infection and diseases of the colon are significant. not very impressive local symptoms made the diagnoses of abscesses difficult. in most cases bacteroides are susceptible to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. patients develop agglutinable antibodies after bacteroides infection. | 1976 | 961145 |
| purification of the o antigen of bacteroides fragilis ss. fragilis nctc 9343 from phenol-water extracts by gel filtration and chromatography on deae-cellulose and hydroxylapatite. | o antigen extracted from whole cells of bacteroides fragilis ss. fragilis nctc 9343 with 45 per cent aqueous phenol has been purified by gel filtration and chromatography. first, the water phase was treated with rnase and dnase and passed through a column of agarose. the chromatographic procedures included ion exchange on a column of deae-cellulose and adsorption to hydroxylapatite. the o antigen was eluted from the deae-cellulose with a gradient of nacl, and from the column of hydroxylapatite w ... | 1976 | 961434 |
| faecal steroids and bacteria and large bowel cancer in hong kong by socio-economic groups. | in a study of three socio-economic groups in hong kong, the high income group had a high faecal concentration of bile acids, especially the dihydroxy bile acids, compared to the low income group. the faecal bile acids were also more highly degraded. the faecal flora contained more bacteroides and fewer eubacteria. very few of the clostridia able to dehydrogenate the steroid nucleus were isolated. an epidemiological study based on street blocks indicated that the high income group also have a hig ... | 1976 | 962996 |
| use of semisolid agar from initiation of pure bacteroides fragilis infection in mice. | the development of a pure bacteroides fragilis infection in mice is described. the infection produces large subcutaneous abscesses at the site of injection which can be observed grossly within 7 days after injection. the infection was initiated by infection of pure cultures grown in semisolid agar medium. similar infections were also produced with pure cultures of b. distasonis, b. ovatus, b. thetaiotaomicron, and b. vulgatus. however, a distinct deoxyribonucleic acid homology group, formerly cl ... | 1976 | 965094 |
| comparison of the in vitro bactericidal activity of human serum and leukocytes against bacteroides fragilis and fusobacterium mortiferum in aerobic and anaerobic environments. | in aerobic and anaerobic in vitro environments, fusobacterium mortiferum was killed by human leukocytes or serum alone or in combination; clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis were killed only by leukocytes in the presence of serum. | 1976 | 965101 |
| [bacteroides fragilis. its isolation and antibiotic sensitivity]. | the authors chose the problem of the isolation of bacteroides fragilis in pathological samples to present a method of identification of strict anaerobic gram negative bacteria, suitable for use in a routine bacteriological laboratory. a selection of 20 strains led them to study the mean inhibitory concentration of these germs with regard to antibiotics. from this study, two groups were obtained: one of low activity, the other of greater activity in vitro, in which one may note certain tetracycli ... | 1976 | 970703 |
| anaerobic infections in hospital practice. | the role of anaerobes in the pathogenesis of infections was investigated. anaerobes were isolated from 0,25% of blood cultures and from 15,8% of other specimens tested; in 15,1% of cases where anaerobes were isolated, no aerobes were found. the strains most commonly encountered were bacteroides fragilis, b. melaninogenicus, peptostreptococcus anaerobius and clostridium perfringens. sensitivity tests in vitro showed all organisms to be sensitive to clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol, ... | 1976 | 973160 |
| [the significance of the bacterial steroid degradation for the etiology of large bowel cancer. v. transformation of chenodeoxycholic acid by saccharolytic bacteroides-species (author's transl)]. | we analysed a total of 36 strains of the obligately anaerobic bacteroides species b. vulgatus, b. fragilis, b. thetaiotaomicron, and b. distasonis to test their faculties to metabolize chenodeoxycholate. for experiments with growing cultures, we used a synthetic medium with inorganic salts, glucose, citrate, amino acids, vitamins, and hemin. the same medium, but without amino acids and vitamins was used for experiments with resting cells, incubated aerobically. after preincubation in a medium co ... | 1976 | 983545 |
| [the significance of the bacterial steroid degradation for the etiology of large bowel cancer. vi. degradation of deoxycholic acid by saccharolytic bacteroides-species (author's transl)]. | when testing 36 laboratory strains of the strictly anaerobic bacteroides species b. vulgatus, b. fragilis, b. thetaiotaomicron, and b. distasonis, we found activities for degradation of cholate (3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoate) (1) and chenodeoxycholate (3alpha, 7alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoate) (2) widely, but not universally distributed in these bacteria. the same strains were also tested for their metabolic activities in regard to deoxycholate (3alpha, 12alpha-dihydroxy ... | 1976 | 983546 |
| beta-lactamase activity in anaerobic bacteria. | a diverse group of anaerobic bacteria representing a spectrum of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics was studied to characterize their beta-lactamase activity and relate it to resistance. the bacteroides fragilis organisms had moderate resistance and produced a cephalosporinase with low activity. the clostridium ramosum was intermediate in resistance and had intermediate, inducible beta-lactamase activity. the b. clostridiiformis organism was highly resistant, produced a potent inducible penic ... | 1976 | 984742 |
| susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria with 100-microg carbenicillin disks. | a total of 245 strains of anaerobic bacteria were examined for their susceptibility to carbenicillin by the disk test method and by minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) determinations. standard-curve studies with a strain of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis that was minimally susceptible to carbenicillin and escherichia coli (atcc 25922) demonstrated that a disk containing 100 mug of carbenicillin was suitable for testing susceptibility of anaerobes to carbenicillin. thus, the diameter of ... | 1976 | 984743 |
| in vitro activity of josamycin and rosamicin against bacteroides fragilis compared with clindamycin, erythromycin, and metronidazole. | the inhibitory and bactericidal activities of josamycin and rosamicin against 29 clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis were compared with those of clindamycin, erythromycin, and metronidazole by a broth dilution technique. josamycin and rosamicin had similar inhibitory activity to metronidazole and clindamycin. rosamicin had similar bactericidal activity to clindamycin but was less bactericidal than metronidazole (the most bactericidal agent tested). josamycin was slightly more bactericidal ... | 1976 | 984752 |
| in vitro activity of gentamicin and minocycline alone and in combination against bacteria associated with intra-abdominal sepsis. | the minimal inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin and minocycline alone and in combination were determined by a broth microdilution method for 100 aerobic, facultative, and anaerobic isolates representative of pathogens recovered from patients with intra-abdominal sepsis. gentamicin inhibited all strains of klebsiella, enterobacter, and pseudomonas aeruginosa in concentrations of 0.4 to 3.1 mug/ml and all strains of escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis in concentrations of 0.8 to 12.5 mug/ml ... | 1976 | 984755 |
| in vitro susceptibility of common clinical anaerobic and aerobic isolates against josamycin. | the in vitro susceptibility of 145 anaerobic clinical isolates and 96 gram-positive aerobic clinical isolates to josamycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, was studied using the agar dilution technique. ninety-five of the aerobes were susceptible to 1.56 mug or less of josamycin per ml. the median minimal inhibitory concentration of these organisms was </=0.39 mug/ml. the in vitro activity of josamycin against the anaerobes was compared with that of erythromycin, clindamycin, penicillin, and chloram ... | 1976 | 984766 |
| susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to 23 antimicrobial agents. | the antimicrobial susceptibility of 492 anaerobic bacteria, the majority of which were recent clinical isolates, was determined by the agar dilution technique. penicillin g was active against most of the strains tested at 32 u or less/ml, but only 72% of bacteroides fragilis strains were susceptible at this level and 9% required 256 u or more/ml. ampicillin was effective against most of the strains except b. fragilis at 16 mug or less/ml. amoxicillin was active against only 31% of b. fragilis, 7 ... | 1976 | 984809 |
| extrachromosomal elements in a variety of strains representing the bacteroides fragilis group of organisms. | previous nucleic acid association studies have identified at least nine deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) homology classes of the bacteroides fragilis group of organisms. using these classes as a taxonomic framework, we have screened representative strains of the b. fragilis group for the presence of extrachromosomal (plasmid) dna. [3h]thymidine-labeled cell lysates were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-salt precipitation, and supernatant fractions from such preparations were analyzed using cesium ... | 1976 | 992876 |
| effect of chilling on the survival of bacteroides fragilis. | factors affecting the susceptibility of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis to low temperature were examined. predetermined numbers of cells were spread on agar media or suspended in enriched trypticase soy broth and exposed to low temperature under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. exposure of 18-h growth of a freshly isolated b. fragilis strain to 4 degrees c aerobically or anaerobically resulted in a loss of at least 50% viability after 12 h. b. fragilis cells in early growth (6 h) were ... | 1976 | 993326 |
| pelvic abscess. a sequela of first trimester abortion. | first trimester therapeutic abortions were performed in 6790 patients from january 1, 1972, through december 31, 1973. the infectious morbidity during an 18-month concurrent time period which required readmission to the hospital was 0.52 per 100 women. four of these women were ultimately diagnosed as having a pelvic abscess thought to be related to the procedure. the cause was probably related to undiagnosed or inadequately managed uterine perforation. initial management should consist of system ... | 1976 | 995342 |
| [demonstration of agglutinating antibodies in bacteroides infections]. | | 1976 | 997630 |
| effect of dissolved oxygen and eh and bacteroides fragilis during continuous culture. | bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis was maintained in a chemostat modified for anaerobic conditions to test the effects of dissolved oxygen and eh on growth. using a defined medium containing glucose and a dilution rate of 0.16 h -1, a stable population of 3 x 10(9) colony-forming units/ml was present. at this steady state, the ph was 5.6, the eh was -50 mv, and the dissolved oxygen concentration was 0% atmospheric saturation. the eh was then adjusted to +300 mv by adding potassium ferricyanide ... | 1976 | 999270 |
| clindamycin plus gentamicin as expectant therapy for presumed mixed infections. | the prevalence of obligate anaerobes was studied prospectively in 60 patients with severe sepsis of intra-abdominal, soft tissue, female genital or oropulmonary origin. in addition, the efficacy of clindamycin (for anaerobes) plus gentamicin (for aerobic bacteria, especially coliforms) as initial empiric therapy in these patients was evaluated. among 54 patients with cultural proof of infection, anaerobic pathogens were recovered from 52%. nineteen patients had bacteremia; bacteroides fragilis a ... | 1976 | 1000457 |
| use of clindamycin and gentamicin in pediatric colonic surgery. | the combination of clindamycin and gentamicin was used to treat 25 pediatric surgical patients. in 9 of the 11 patients with perforated appendicitis, b. fragilis was isolated from the peritoneal cavity. there was a rapid clinical response to treatment in all cases. no side effects were observed. clindamycin and gentamicin seem to be the antibiotics of choice for such infections. | 1976 | 1003306 |
| [prolonged survival of ovarian allografts in rats pretreated with normal canine ribonucleic acid]. | | 1976 | 1004189 |
| [cytogenetic effect of cyclophosphamide in a culture of human lymphocytes following its activation in the bodies of mice]. | cytogenetic effect of cyclophosphamide in cultured human lymphocytes after its activation in c57bl/6 mice in vivo was investigated. cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally in mice for 30 min. at doses of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg. blood serum with activated metabolites of cyclophosphamide was added to human lymphocyte culture. the dependence of the part of aberrant metaphases on the concentration of cyclophosphamide after the activation can be presented as equation rho==1-e-(kc+a ... | 1976 | 1010318 |
| a simple tube test for assessing antibiotic sensitivity of certain anaerobic bacteria. | | 1976 | 1032368 |
| standardization of antimicrobial disc susceptibility test for anaerobic bacteria. | both agar diluiton and agar diffusion tests with 8 clinically useful or potentially useful antimicrobial agents were performed with 74 strains of bacteroides fragilis. correlation of results obtained by the two methods and applicability of the single disc test to the measurement of antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobes were analyzed. prediction of susceptibility, intermediate susceptibility, and resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents, based on the measurement of inhibition ... | 1976 | 1037535 |
| in vitro activity of penicillins against anaerobes. | the in vitro susceptibility of 162 anaerobic isolates from clinical material were tested to pencillin g, bl-p1654, and carbenicillin. penicillin g and bl-p1654 showed good activity against bacteroides fragilis, but only 60% of strains were susceptible to carbenicillin at achievable blood levels (128 mug/ml). | 1975 | 1041215 |
| in vivo protection of fusobacterium necrophorum from penicillin by bacteroides fragilis. | a mixed infection of bacteroides fragilis and fusobacterium necrophorum was resistant to treatment with penicillin even though a pure f. necrophorum infection could be successfully treated with penicillin. since b. fragilis alone did not produce infection, these results indicate that b. fragilis can protect f. necrophorum from penicillin in vivo. the extent of protection afforded by a strain of b. fragilis was related to its level of resistance to penicillin. only a few cells of b. fragilis were ... | 1975 | 1041218 |
| antimicrobial therapy of anaerobic infections. | | 1975 | 1041514 |
| treatment of aspiration pneumonia and primary lung abscess. penicillin g vs clindamycin. | aspiration pneumonitis and lung abscess generally involve anaerobic bacteria, which normally colonize the upper respiratory passages. the therapeutic response of these infections to parenteral penicillin g (49 patients) and parenteral clindamycin (35 patients) was compared to determine relative efficacy. no difference was discerned between these two agents in terms of time required for defervescence, roentgenographic clearing, and ultimate outcome. seven patients with infections including bacter ... | 1975 | 1041750 |
| [letter: meningitis caused by bacteroides fragilis and mastoiditis caused by anaerobic bacteria after cranial injury]. | | 1976 | 1046166 |
| pc-904, a novel broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin with marked antipseudomonal activity: microbiological evaluation. | pc-904, sodium 6-{d(-)-alpha-(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxamido) phenylacetamido}-penicillanate, is a novel semisynthetic penicillin derivative that possesses a broad spectrum of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. in low concentrations, pc-904 inhibits growth against large proportions of the gram-positive and gram-negative organisms susceptible to carbenicillin and gentamicin. in addition, pc-904 is several times more potent than carbenicillin against organisms such as pseudo ... | 1976 | 1046355 |